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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infrared absorption enhancement of monolayer species on thin evaporated Ag films by use of a Kretschmann configuration: Evidence for two types of enhanced surface electric fields (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 35 (1984), S. 135-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 68 ; 78
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Infrared absorption enhancement of m- and p-nitrobenzoic acid deposited on thin-evaporated silver films has been investigated using the Kretschmann's ATR coupling method. The absorption spectra provide direct evidence that enhancement is prominent only for vibrations of the first monolayer adsorbed on the Ag surface. It is shown that all of the vibrational modes observed obey the normal dipole selection rule. Moreover, it was found that there exist two types of absorption enhancement; the first is enhanced (∼300) by both p- and s-polarized radiation, and the second is enhanced (∼60) by p-polarized radiation alone. The Ag film thickness optimum is about 50 Å in the former case and about 200 Å in the latter. The enhancement insensitive to the polarization state of radiation can well be explained by the excitation of the transverse collective electron resonance of the Ag islands, whereas that obtained by p-polarized radiation may be due to the excitation of delocalized surface plasmons modified by surface roughness. The image-dipole effect may also be significant in the mechanisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00616965
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Topographic distribution pattern of Lafora-like bodies in the spinal cord of some animals (1980)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 49 (1980), S. 159-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Lafora-like bodies ; Spinal cord ; Animals
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The topographic distribution pattern and morphological features of Lafora-like bodies in the spinal cord of the dog, cat, fox, and baboon were examined by light and electron microscopy. The caudal lumbar and the coccygeal parts of the spinal cords were the predilection sites for the bodies in all animals and were very prominent in the ventral columns and intermediate substance. The bodies mainly composed of branching filaments were preferentially located in neuronal processes and rarely in astrocytes. The histochemical characteristics of the bodies were identical in all animals and consisted mainly of polyglucosan.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00690756
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Retinal amacrine cell involvement in Tay-Sachs disease (1981)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 53 (1981), S. 333-336 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Amacrine cell ; Tay-Sachs disease ; Ultrastructure ; Biochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Ultrastructural study of the retina from a patient with Tay-Sachs disease disclosed that amacrine cells as well as ganglion cells were loaded with numerous membranous cytoplasmic bodies, suggesting an accumulation of GM2 ganglioside, whereas the horizontal cells, bipolar cells, and photoreceptor cells were intact. Chromatography of lipids from the retina showed a prominent spot of GM2 ganglioside. These facts suggest that lipid metabolism in amacrine cells may be different from that in other retinal cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00690376
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Abnormal copper metabolism in menkes cultured fibroblasts (1980)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 134 (1980), S. 205-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Menkes kinky hair syndrome ; Menkes fibroblasts ; Copper metabolism ; Metalloprotein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Menkes fibroblast cultures were established and copper metabolism was investigated. Menkes fibroblasts contained four to six times higher concentrations of copper than control cells. In Menkes cells more than 90% of the intracellular copper was present in cytosol (105,000 x g supernatant fraction); in control fibroblasts the corresponding value was about 67%. During cultivation of fibroblasts in medium supplemented with 100 ng/ml of copper (270 ng CuCl2·2H2O /ml), the amount of copper increased continuously in Menkes cells, at least up to 4 days, while in control cells in reached a maximum after 24 h, followed by a gradual decrease. When the medium was replaced with one without copper chloride, copper concentrations in Menkes cells returned to the original level in three days, whereas those in control cells returned to the normal level in one day. Using Sephadex G-75 column chromatography of cytosol, two copper-containing peaks were observed (peaks 1 and 3, corresponding to the peaks from rat liver cytosol). Approximately 75% of the copper in the cytosol from Menkes cells was eluted in peak 3. The corresponding copper peak was very small in control cells. Copper peaks 1 and 3 from both cells increased after treating cells with copper chloride and the increase was inhibited by cycloheximide, an inhibitor of protein biosynthesis. Metallothionein purified from human kidneys was eluted as a single copper-protein from a Sephadex G-75 column in the same fractions as peak 3. SDS polyacrylamide-slab gel electrophoresis of the purified metallo-thionein and the material eluted in peak 3 from Menkes fibroblasts showed single peaks for copper at identical migration distances.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00441474
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative determination of urinary protein components of children with postural proteinuria (1983)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 140 (1983), S. 268-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Postural proteinuria ; Urinary protein components ; Upright lordotic posture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Twenty-one protein components were measured in urine specimens from 12 subjects with postural proteinuria in the recumbent posture and after a period of upright lordotic posture. The lordotic posture produced an increased urinary excretion of total protein and 19 protein components, particularly of albumin, IgG globulin, and transferrin (128, 68, and 167-fold, respectively). However, 90 min after the lordotic posture, most of the protein components returned to initial values, whereas albumin, IgG globulin, and transferrin remained high. β2-Microglobulin, retinol binding protein, and lysozyme showed the smallest increases after the lordotic posture. These findings suggest that proteinuria occurring after the lordotic posture may be characterized by an increased glomerular permeability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00443374
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetization Reversal by Spin-Polarized Current in Magnetic Tunnel Junctions with MgO Barriers (2006)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advances in science and technology Vol. 45 (Oct. 2006), p. 2633-2639 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-0356
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General , Technology
    Notes: Co-Fe-B/MgO/Co-Fe-B magnetic tunnel junctions were fabricated using UHV magnetronsputtering. Magnetoresistance and spin-transfer switching properties were investigated as a functionof Co-Fe-B free layer thickness, between 1.5 nm and 3 nm. The intrinsic switching current andthe thermal stability were derived from the pulse duration dependence of the switching current,analyzed based on the thermally activated switching model. Both switching currents, correspondingto parallel (P) to antiparallel (AP) (Ic0+) and AP to P (Ic0–) magnetization reversal, were foundto be roughly proportional to the free layer thickness. The averaged intrinsic switching currentdensity Jc0av = (Ic0+–Ic0–)/(2A) (where A is the cell area) was in the range of 1–2×107 A/cm2. Theexperimental values of Jc0±agreed with theoretical values, determined taking into account the spintransferefficiency for the case of magnetic tunnel junction. The thermal stability of the P and APstates was different, but roughly proportional to the free layer thickness in both cases. We attributethis difference to a disparity in the net magnetic field acting on the free layer magnetization in the Pand AP states. The average of the thermal stability in the two states varied from 30 to 60 when thefree layer thickness was increased. According to our findings, to guarantee the non-volatility of anMRAM device for about 10 years, the Co-Fe-B free layer should be thicker than 2 nm
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/42/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FAST.45.2633.pdf
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Control of Shrinkage during Sintering of Alumina Ceramics Based on Master Sintering Curve Theory (2006)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 317-318 (Aug. 2006), p. 11-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The Master Sintering Curve (MSC) is quite useful for analyzing the shrinkage behavior ofceramics. It is possible to compare shrinkage behavior using MSCs that are obtained from different firingprofiles. In this study, shrinkage behavior during sintering of green bodies of several kinds of Al2O3based ceramics were evaluated, using an electric furnace equipped with a dilatometer to be controlledbased on the MSC theory. Although all of the samples shrank monotonically, shrinkage behaviordepended on the additive and heating rate. The MSC theory was applied to analyze shrinkage behavior.As a result, a different MSC could be obtained in Al2O3 with and without the addition of MgO. In thepure Al2O3, a single MSC could be obtained from shrinkage curves by firing at a heating rate of7.5-20oC/min, though the shrinkage curve at a heating rate of 3-5oC/min did not correspond with theMSC. In contrast, shrinkage curves at heating rate of 5-20oC/min were converged in the case of the MgOdoped Al2O3 to obtain a unique MSC independent of firing profile. Apparent activation energy forsintering was estimated as 555 kJ/mol in the pure Al2O3 and 880 kJ/mol in the MgO doped Al2O3. Thefiring profile to obtain a requested sintering shrinkage curve was predicted from the resultant MSC. Acomparison between the predicted and the experimental shrinkage curves, showed good consistency,thus confirming that it is possible to control shrinkage behavior using the MSC
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/51/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.317-318.11.pdf
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Three-Dimensional Zinc Mapping inside Aluminum Foams Using Synchrotron X-Ray Microtomography (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 561-565 (Oct. 2007), p. 1677-1680 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Three-dimensional zinc mapping based on X-ray K-edge scanning has been performed.By microtomographies with energies above and below the K-absorption edges of the elements, theconcentration distribution of the elements is evaluated during in-situ experiments, respectively. It isfound that the Zn concentration distribution during the heat treatment was changed inside the cellwall of the aluminum foams and it has been homogenized. Also several precipitated phasetransformation can be three-dimensionally visualized by the CT-method tuning X-ray energies
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/18/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.561-565.1677.pdf
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on DNA content of hepatocytes in cirrhosis and hepatoma by means of microspectrophotometry and radioautography (1982)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 73 (1982), S. 549-562 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In order to clarify the underlying mechanism of malignant transformation from cirrhosis to hepatoma the cell kinetics of hepatocytes were studied in these two conditions. The content and synthesis of DNA in hepatocyte nuclei were investigated, by means of Feulgen-microspectrophotometry and tritiated thymidine radioautography, in cirrhotic and noncancerous parts of hepatoma with concomitant cirrhosis. The distribution of ploidy patterns was widely spread, from hypodiploid to hyperpolyploid, in the noncancerous parts of a cirrhotic liver containing hepatoma. In normal liver, each paired nuclear DNA content of a binucleate cell recorded almost the same amount, whereas in the noncancerous as well as in hepatoma cells much difference of DNA content was observed between the paired nuclei of the binucleate cells. The ploidy pattern of hepatocytes in patients with liver cirrhosis, who had developed hepatoma during follow-up periods of several months to several years, appeared to resemble that in noncancerous parts of hepatoma cases. On the other hand, the incorporation of tritiated thymidine into hepatocytes was found to be markedly increased in noncancerous parts as well as in cirrhotic liver developing hepatoma during follow-up periods. These results suggest the possibility that the hepatocytes in noncancerous parts of hepatoma have deranged cell-kinetics which might be a driving factor for the development of malignancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00493368
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preservation of fixed anionic sites in the GBM in the acute proteinuric phase of cationic antigen mediated in-situ immune complex glomerulonephritis in the rat (1984)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 81 (1984), S. 243-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cationic antigens have been observed to bind with the negatively charged glomerular basement membrane (GBM). Using the cationic reagent polyethyleneimine (PEI), the distribution of glomerular anionic sites was evaluated ultrastructurally in the early stage (2 h-day 7) of cationic antigen mediated in-situ immune complex formation type glomerulonephritis (GN) in the rat. — Renal perfusion via the renal artery with 100 μg of cationized human IgG (pl〉9.5), followed by the i.v. injection of specific antibodies, led to an initial increase in urinary albumin excretion, subsequent massive globulinuria and the formation of numerous subepithelial deposits on day 7. — The most striking alteration in glomerular anionic sites was observed on the epithelial cell surface coat; the PEI deposition on the epithelial cell surface was almost identical to that in control glomeruli at 2 and 4 h after the induction of GN; thereafter, on day 7, a broad loss of anionic sites was obseryed on flattened epithelial foot processes. In contrast, fixed anionic sites of the laminae rarae of the GBM showed no apparent alterations in the distribution and number from 2 h to day 7 and did not disappear even in the lamina rara externa adjacent to subepithelial deposits. — These findings not only show that fixed anionic sites of the GBM, in contrast to the rapid decrease in those of the epithelial cell surface, are not completely neutralized or destroyed even in GN, in which cationic antigen participates in the in-situ formation of GBM-deposits. This also indicates that initial impairment of the charge-selective barrier of the GBM by the in-situ interaction between cationic antigen and antibody, is followed by the disfunction of the size-selective permselectivity of the GBM, ultimately causing massive proteinuria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00495634
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