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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of optimal voltage-sensitive dyes for optical monitoring of embryonic neural activity (1995)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 144 (1995), S. 167-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Optical monitoring ; Voltage-sensitive dyes ; Merocyanine-rhodanines ; Embryonic neural activity ; Embryonic nervous tissues
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract To evaluate the suitability of a variety of fast voltage-sensitive dyes for optical recording of rapid transmembrane potential activity in the embryonic nervous system, we screened over twenty dyes, including several newly synthesized probes, in three different embryonic neural preparations: cervical vagus nerve bundle, nodose ganglion, and brainstem from 7-day old chick embryos. Measurements of voltage-related optical signals were made using a multiple-site optical recordingsystem. Signal size, signal-to-noise ratio, photobleaching, and phototoxicity were examined. Several promising new merocyanine-rhodanine dyes for embryonic nervous systems were found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00232802
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of Voltage-Sensitive Dyes for Long-Term Recording of Neural Activity in the Hippocampus (1999)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 172 (1999), S. 145-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Key words: Optical recording — Voltage-sensitive dye — Dye screening — Merocyanine-rhodanine — Hippocampal slice — Long-term potentiation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract. We searched for an optimal voltage-sensitive dye for optical measurements of neural activity in the hippocampal slice by evaluating several merocyanine-rhodanine and oxonol dyes. The wavelength dependence (action spectra), pharmacological effects of staining, signal size, signal-to-noise ratio, and the utility of the dyes for long-term continuous recording were examined for four merocyanine-rhodanine dyes (NK2761, NK2776, NK3224 and NK3225), which had been reported to be optimal in embryonic nervous systems, and for two oxonol dyes (NK3630 (RH482) and NK3041 (RH155)), which have been among the most popular potentiometric probes for the hippocampal slice preparation. NK2761, NK3224 and NK3225 provided large signal-to-noise ratios, and proved to be useful for optical recordings lasting several hours. NK3630 was most suitable for long-term recording, although the signal-to-noise ratio was slightly inferior to that of the merocyanine-rhodanines. Using NK3630 (RH482) on the hippocampal slice preparation, we demonstrate here that long-term potentiation can be monitored stably for more than 8 hr.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002329900592
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the unified laws of excitability, activity and interactivity of physiological systems (1971)
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 9 (1971), S. 45-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Summary Laws of excitability, activity and interactivity were established in their basic forms concerning not only the slope and time factors of an effective stimulus to a physiological system, but also concerning relative differences in the stimulus, moving stimulus, reciprocal inhibition, etc., and further the basis was established for the unification of these laws in the above various situations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00270851
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fluctuations in bacterial populations on the root surface of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown under different soil conditions (1992)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 14 (1992), S. 246-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Volcanic ash soil ; Fluorescent pseudomonads ; Rhizosphere ; Wheat ; Bacterial groups ; Phosphate fertilizer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Populations of several bacterial groups on the root surface of wheat and in root-free soil were investigated in volcanic ash soil and non-volcanic ash soil throughout a series of predetermined intervals. Over time, the populations changed similarly both on the root surface and in root-free soil. The numbers of total bacteria, fluorescent Pseudomonas spp., phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, and NH inf+ sup4 -oxidizing bacteria, were consistently lower in the plots with volcanic ash soil than with nonvolcanic ash soil, but the numbers of cellulose-decomposing bacteria were opposite to those of the other groups. Superphosphate application improved the growth of wheat in the volvanic ash soil. It did not, however, bring about any significant changes in the bacterial populations among the volcanic ash soils supplemented with three different levels of superphosphate, though there were some variations with plant age.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00395459
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Survival of inoculant Bradyrhizobium japonicum in an Andosol (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 23 (1996), S. 105-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Introduced Bradyrhizobium japonicum ; Survival ; Andosol ; Fluvisol ; Antibiotic resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The survival of an antibiotic-resistant mutant of a commercial inoculant Bradyrhizobium japonicum strain, A1017ks, was studied in a volcanic ash soil (Andosol) in comparison with a non-volcanic ash soil (Fluvisol) over a period of 84 days. In a non-sterile soil system, the population decline in the Andosol (15% or 1.2 log units) was larger than in the Fluvisol (6% or 0.54 log units). In both soils, however, the inoculant bradyrhizobium survived at fairly high population levels after the period of incubation [106 and 107 colony-forming units (CFU) g-1 dry soil in the Andosol and Fluvisol, respectively]. In sterile control soil, viable bradyrhizobium cells could not be detected after 1 week of incubation in the Andosol, whereas in the Fluvisol population of introduced bradyrhizobium was maintained throughout the period of incubation. Overall changes in the population of indigenous bacteria and fungi were also monitored. However, no clear pattern of interaction between the inoculant Bradyrhizobium japonicum and the indigenous microbes could be identified. The antibiotic-resistant mutant maintained its resistance in the Fluvisol throughout the 3-month period of incubation, making it a useful model for conducting ecological studies in the soil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00336048
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Repeated batch production of alkaline protease by solid-state fermentation using urethane foam as carriers (1996)
    Springer
    Bioprocess and biosystems engineering 14 (1996), S. 63-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0797
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract By immobilizing fungi on a urethane foam carrier (UFC), a novel solid-state fermentation system was developed in order to produce repeatedly industrial useful enzymes. In this study, alkaline protease was produced by growing Aspergillus oryzae 460 (ATCC 20386) in a flask scale. Repeated batch production of alkaline protease was carried out by exchanging a part of the culture broth with fresh medium every 12 hr. The effects of feeding medium composition, and feeding volume were examined. Alkaline protease production stopped in the early phase at high values of soluble starch feeding rate and culture broth dilution rate. The enzyme production continued longer when 10 to 30 g/l polypepton was added to the feeding medium. Using soluble starch solution as feeding medium, a maximum activity of 520,000 U/l-bulk volume alkaline protease was obtained at culture time of 168 hr where the culture conditions of soluble starch concentration and feeding volume were 100 g/l and 0.025 l/l-bulk volume/dose, respectively. Production of the enzyme continued for 300 hr and total aklaline protease activity reached 870,000 U/l-bulk volume by adding 30 g/l polypepton to the fresh medium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00387959
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gram-positive bacterial flora on the root surface of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown under different soil conditions (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 23 (1996), S. 121-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Wheat ; Rhizosphere ; Soil Microflora ; Gram-positive Bacteria ; Coryneform Bacteria ; Arthrobacter spp. ; Mol% G+C ; Diaminopimelic acid ; DAP
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract We identified 108 Gram-positive bacterial strains isolated from the root surface of wheat grown under different soil conditions. The strains were divided into four groups based on morphological and physiological characteristics, but most appeared to be coryneform. The taxonomic position of the various groups was verified by the guanine+cytosine DNA contents of the strains. In general, the ranges of these values agreed with those described for the respective taxonomic positions in the literature, with a few exceptions. With soil improvement the distribution of the various groups on the root surface changed, with the coryneform group becoming dominant. This group was further divided into five subgroups, according to cell wall components, cellulose-decomposition, and morphological characteristics, and were identified to genus level. The distribution of these subgroups on the root surface of wheat did not alter with soil improvement. The genus Arthrobacter, the dominant subgroup, predominated in every plot.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00336051
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  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Degradation and metabolism of a fungicide, 2,4,5,6-tetra-chloroisophthalonitrile (TPN) in soil (1987)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 3 (1987), S. 205-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Organochlorine pesticides ; 2,4,5,6-tetrachloroisophthalonitrile ; TPN ; Metabolism ; Soil conditions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Degradation of a fungicide, 2,4,5,6-tetrachloroisophthalonitrile (TPN) in soil was studied under laboratory conditions. TPN degraded more rapidly under 60% WHC conditions than at 20%, 40% and 100% WHC, while its degradation was rapid at temperatures of 25°C-30°C, evidently due to the microbial degradation. TPN degraded mainly through dechlorination and partly a substitution reaction. The degradation products identified by gas chromatographic analyses were: 2,4,5-trichloroisophthalonitrile (abbreviated as 2,4,5-Cl3-IPN), 2,4,6-Cl3-IPN, 2,4-Cl2-lPN, 2,5-Cl2-IPN, 4-Cl-IPN, 5-Cl-IPN, IPN, 2,5,6-Cl34-(OH)-IPN and 2,5,6-Cl3-4-(OCH3)-IPN. Peaks with longer retention times than that of TPN were not identified. Tentative degradation pathways were proposed on the basis of the identified degradation products. About 90% of the bacterial strains isolated from the soil to which TPN had been added degraded TPN, suggesting enrichment of the soil with TPN-degrading bacteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00640631
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  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hypercalcaemia in cerebellar medulloblastoma: pathogenesis of solid tumour-associated hypercalcaemia (1987)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 146 (1987), S. 434-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Hypercalcaemia ; Medulloblastoma ; Parathyroid hormone-like humoral factor ; Mithramycin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A 7-year-old boy developed acute, severe hypercalcaemia following the partial excision of a cerebellar medulloblastoma. The serum calcium level was extremely high (19.8 mg/100 ml), but a skeletal survey revealed no apparent bone metastatic lesions; such lesions were only detected by X-ray 3 weeks after the onset of hypercalcaemia. Hypercalcaemia was promptly resolved by intravenous mithramycin administration, before which the serum parathyroid hormone level, 1,25-(OH)2-vitamin D level and the nephrogenous cyclic AMP level were low. However the relation between serum calcium levels and urinary calcium excretions indicated that renal calcium reabsorption was increased in association with hypercalcaemia, suggesting that a parathyroid hormone-like effect was operative on the renal tubules. It is possible that a combination of increased bone resorption by metastatic tumour cells and renal tubular handling of calcium presumably mediated by tumour-produced humoral factors was responsible for the acute development of severe hypercalcaemia in this patient with medulloblastoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00444958
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  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optic atrophy in aqueduct stenosis (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 148 (1989), S. 682-682 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00441534
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