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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low-threshold operation of hemispherical microcavity single-quantum-well lasers at 4 K (1993)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 62 (1993), S. 443-445 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We demonstrate low-threshold lasing at 4 K in optically pumped hemispherical In0.2Ga0.8As single-quantum-well microcavities. The incident threshold pump power density is 11 kW/cm2 corresponding to an absorbed power density of about 320 W/cm2, and the measured spontaneous emission factor β is about 0.01.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.108928
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Certain Human Gpl20-HIV Antibodies React with Anti-CD4 Antibodies (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 27 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: HIV+ human sera contain antibodies against most HIV proteins, including the envelope glycoprotein Gpl20. Some of these antibodies may have an epitope that sterically resembles the CD4 region to which the Gp120 molecule binds. Amongst 58 HIV+ sera tested, we found three with the capacity to block the binding of anti-CD4 monoclonal antibodies to CD4+ cells. The serum with the highest blocking capacity was selected for further analysis. The inhibitor was shown to be an antibody that binds to the Gp120 molecule as well us to the anti-CD4 monoclonal T4.2. These CD4-mimicking antibodies were shown not to interfere with CD4-dependent reactions in vitro. Virus neutralizing experiments in vitro could not show any neutralizing effect with these antibodies alone. The HIV+ individual providing this antibody is still healthy, although HIV since 1983.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1988.tb02328.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Prospective Study of Immunoglobulin Changes in Relation to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in a Cohort of Homosexual Men (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 29 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Changes in IgG levels and patterns in association with human immunodeficiency virus, (HIV) infection were characterized in a prospective investigation by studying serum electrophoresis and antibodies to HIV at least once a year in 144 homo/bisexual (HS) men during a 4-year period. Initially, 25 men (17.4%) were HIV-positive, and this increased to 44 at the end of the study period. HIV-negative men had IgG levels of 11.2 ± 2.2 g/l. In the 19 HIV seroconverters the mean IgG level rose with time according to the equation IgG = 0.054×+ 12.56 (x= months after the last HIV-negative test). Oligoclonal IgG bands were found in three of the 19 seroconverters (16%) prior to conversion and in 2/16 (13%), 5/13 (38%), 7/11 (64%), and 3/8 (38%) 1,2, 3, and 4 years after conversion, respectively. Of the 25 initially HIV-positive men, five have developed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) during the 4.5 year follow-up. At the first investigation these five men had higher mean IgG levels (16.0 ± 2.7 g/l) than the 20 men who have remained healthy (14.6 ± 2.8 g/l), and all live had oligoclonal bands as compared to 9/20 of those who did not develop AIDS. Oligoclonal IgG bands reflect the IgG increase and seem to indciate long-standing HIV infection and a poor prognosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1989.tb01162.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human hair is a potential source of cat allergen contamination of ambient air (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 60 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  We have previously shown that airborne cat allergen levels are significantly lower in school classes using special school clothing or in classes with no pet owners. However, cat allergen is present and the levels are in fact two- to threefold higher on cat owners’ than noncat owners’ school clothing which is used, washed and stored at school only. This suggests that allergen is transferred to schools by routes other than clothing.Aim:  To analyse levels of cat allergen (Fel d 1) in hair from cat owners and noncat owners among children and adults.Methods:  Samples of unwashed hair (≥1 day prior to sampling) from adults and children with (n = 22) or without (n = 22) cats at home were collected at a hairdresser. In addition, samples of newly washed hair (adults only, n = 11) were collected. The hair sample was extracted and analysed for Fel d 1 content with ELISA.Results:  The geometric mean levels were more than two orders of magnitude higher in unwashed hair from cat owners, compared with noncat owners (P 〈 0.0001) and more than 10-fold higher in newly washed hair from adults. The allergen contamination of unwashed hair among noncat owners appeared higher in children than in adults (P = 0.045).Conclusions:  Hair may be an important source for transfer and deposition of cat allergen in schools and may explain why cat allergen is found in environments with strict allergen avoidance measures. Although it may be unrealistic to apply allergen avoidance strategies against this allergen source, it is important to be aware of it.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2005.00796.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bet v 1 homologues in strawberry identified as IgE-binding proteins and presumptive allergens (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 59 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  No strawberry allergen has so far been identified and characterized.Methods:  Serum samples were collected from patients with a suggestive case history of adverse reactions to strawberry and other fruits. Extracts from fresh and frozen strawberries were analysed by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), Western blotting and mass spectrometry. Patient blood samples were analysed for inhibition of IgE binding and basophil degranulation.Results:  Several IgE-binding proteins could be detected. In more than half of the patient sera, a 20/18-kDa doublet band was observed in Western blotting. These two bands were excised and analysed by mass spectrometry showing the presence of proteins belonging to the Bet v 1 family of allergens. Inhibition of the IgE binding to the 20/18-kDa doublet was obtained by addition of two recombinantly expressed allergens belonging to the Bet v 1 family (Bet v 1 and Mal d 1) and strawberry protein extract. In a cell-based assay of patient blood samples, basophil degranulation could be induced by strawberry protein extract and by Bet v 1 and Mal d 1.Conclusions:  We conclude that strawberry homologues to Bet v 1 may be allergens of importance for adverse reactions to strawberry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2004.00585.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Working with male rodents may increase risk of all_ergy to laboratory animals (2001)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 56 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Our aim was to study the risk of laboratory animal all_ergy (LAA) among research staff working in laboratories separate from the animal confinement area. The roles of atopy and exposure intensity in LAA were studied with special regard to exposure to male rodents, who excrete higher levels of urinary all_ergens than female rodents. Methods: Eighty rodent-exposed subjects gave blood samples for the analysis of total IgE, Phadiatop, and specific IgE against rat (RUA) and mouse urinary all_ergens (MUA), and answered questionnaires. Air samples were collected for RUA and MUA aeroall_ergen measurement in both laboratories and animal confinement facilities. Results: Twenty percent of the subjects had IgE 〉0.35 kU/l to RUA and/or MUA, and 32% had experienced animal work-related symptoms, although 90% of aeroall_ergen samples from the research department laboratories were below the detection limit (〈0.26 ng RUA per m3 and 〈0.8 ng MUA per m3). Atopy (positive Phadiatop), total IgE 〉100 kU/l, other all_ergies (especiall_y to other animals), or more than 4 years of exposure significantly increased laboratory animal sensitization and symptoms. Working with mainly male rodents gave odds ratios (95% CI) of 3.8 (0.97–15) for sensitization and 4.4 (1.4–14) for symptoms. Subjects with both exposure to mainly male rodents and atopy or elevated total IgE had a 10-fold higher frequency of sensitization than exposed subjects with neither risk factor. Conclusions: A majority of subjects with a combination of exposure to mainly male rodents and atopy or elevated total IgE developed sensitization to and symptoms from laboratory animals. Current low exposure seems to maintain the presence of specific IgE. Further measures must be undertaken to provide a safe workplace for laboratory animal workers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2001.00899.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of Petri dish sampling for assessment of cat allergen in airborne dust (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Allergy 57 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Dust reservoir sampling is the most commonly used method for assessment of indirect allergen exposure. Because assessment of personal exposure using person-carried pumps is time-consuming and expensive we evaluated the Petri dish sampling method for measurement of airborne cat allergen in classrooms. Methods: Petri dish sampling was evaluated in three study parts. Part I: by comparison between Petri dish sampling and personal air sampling in 44 classrooms with many (≥ 20%) and few (≤ 10%) cat owners and by additional Petri dish sampling in 40 pet-free homes. Part II: by sampling with duplicate Petri dishes in 28 classrooms. Part III: by sampling in three classrooms at four sampling heights during different sampling times. All samples were analyzed for cat allergen (Fel d 1) content with a monoclonal antibody two-site ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay), using signal amplification when necessary. Results: There was a significant correlation between Petri dish sampling and personal air sampling (r = 0.66; P 〈 0.0001). Levels were five-fold higher in classes with many cat owners than in classes with few cat owners, regardless of method. A corresponding difference was found in the homes. Duplicate sample values were in fair agreement (Bland-Altman test) and were correlated (r = 0.77; P 〈 0.0001). Cumulative levels collected weekly in one Petri dish were lower than using five daily Petri dishes, regardless of sampling height. Conclusions: Petri dish sampling can be useful as an alternative method to personal air sampling of airborne allergens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2002.1s3297.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phagocytosis following Translocation of the Neutrophil b-Cytochrome from the Specific Granule to the Plasma Membrane is Associated with an Increased Leakage of Reactive Oxygen Species (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 36 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The effect of neutrophil b-cytochrome translocation on the respiratory burst activation generated during phagocytosis of yeast particles was investigated. Secretion of neutrophil specific granules was induced by the calcium ionophore ionomycin prior to phagocytosis. The secretory process is associated with a translocation from the specific granules to the plasma membrane of the respiratory burst b-cytochrome. Respiratory burst activity was measured as release of hydrogen peroxide in the absence of azide (extracellular leakage) and in the presence of azide (total produclion). The subcellular localization of the b-cytochrome was found to affect the extracellular release of hydrogen peroxide in that a plasma membrane localization was associated with a significantly increased release during phagocytosis. It should be pointed out, however, that most of the hydrogen peroxide, both in control and in ionomycin-treated cells, is produced intracellularly, probably in the phagosomes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1992.tb03151.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phagocyte Activation by Trp–Lys–Tyr–Met–Val–Met, Acting through FPRL1/LXA4R, is not Affected by Lipoxin A4 (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 56 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Lipoxin A4 (LXA4) has been shown to bind to the leucocyte formyl peptide receptor (FPR) homologue, FPRL1, without triggering the biological activities induced by other FPRL1 agonists. We investigated the direct effect of LXA4 as well as the effect on agonist-induced biological responses using transfected HL-60 cells expressing FPR, FPRL1 or FPRL2. LXA4 neither induced an intracellular rise in calcium in these transfectants nor affected the response induced by the peptide Trp–Lys–Tyr–Met–Val–Met (WKYMVM), an agonist that activates cells through FPRL1 and -2. Both agonists induced Erk-2 activation; however, the eicosanoid-induced activity was independent of FPRL1 and FPRL2. Moreover, LXA4 was unable to trigger neutrophil upregulation of complement receptor 3 and respiratory burst, and it had no effect on the responses induced by triggering with WKYMVM. We conclude that LXA4 is unable to affect the WKYMVM-induced signalling through FPRL1 and suggest that it acts through a receptor different from FPRL1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.2002.01149.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of four allergen-sampling methods in conventional and allergy prevention classrooms (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 32 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Several allergen-sampling methods are used to assess level of personal or indirect exposure to cat in homes, schools and other public buildings and working environments.Objective To compare four different allergen-sampling methods (dust collectors, Petri dishes, person-carried pumps and intranasal samplers) by simultaneous sampling in classrooms and to compare the cat allergen levels between conventional classrooms and allergy prevention classrooms. Another aim was to relate the results to self-reported frequency of allergy and asthma symptoms among the children, to their perception of the school environment.Methods Among all compulsory schools (n = 257) in the Stockholm suburban area, 35 classrooms (five with implemented allergy prevention measures, seven with additional cleaning and 23 with normal cleaning routines) were chosen for allergen-sampling. Dust collectors (two models), Petri dishes, person-carried pumps and intranasal samplers were used simultaneously. All children (n = 829) received a self-administered questionnaire which included questions about home and school environment, allergic disease, asthma symptoms and pet contact.Results The correlation between sampling methods was generally poor. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in allergen levels between allergy prevention and allergen avoidance classes compared to conventional classes. Median levels were generally, but not significantly, lower in classes with few cat owners, compared to classes with many cat owners. Children in allergy prevention classes were more satisfied with the indoor air quality and cleaning than children attending classes with fewer or no allergy prevention measures (P 〈 0.0001). Nine per cent of all children reported allergic symptoms while at school.Conclusion The lack of correlation between sampling methods used simultaneously demonstrates the difficulty in assessing allergen levels in schools and similar environments. The implemented intervention measures (allergy prevention/allergen avoidance) did not influence cat allergen levels at school.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2002.01553.x
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