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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    STUDIES ON ANTHOCYANINS: COLOR VARIATION IN ANTHOCYANINS. (1919)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 41 (1919), S. 208-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja01459a008
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A low background neutron measuring system and its application to the detection of neutrons produced by the D"2O electrolysis
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: 316 (1992), S. 337-342 
    Details
    ISSN: 0168-9002
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0168-9002(92)90919-U
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The expression of three types of CINCs by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated rat macrophages is inhibited similarly by anti-inflammatory steroids (2000)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 49 (2000), S. 80-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Key words: CINC — MIP-2 — Chemokine — Dexamethasone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Objective: Expression of CINCs was regulated differentially in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated rat macrophages. We examined whether the expression of CINCs in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated rat macrophages is similarly inhibited by anti-inflammatory drugs.¶Materials and Methods: Rat peritoneal macrophages were stimulated by lipopolysaccharide in the presence of anti-inflammatory steroids (dexamethasone, prednisolone and hydrocortisone) or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (indomethacin and piroxicam). The production and mRNA expression of three types of CINCs were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and northern hybridization.¶Results: Anti-inflammatory steroids; dexamethasone, prednisolone and hydrocortisone, dose-dependently inhibited the production of CINC-1, -2 and -3, whose inhibitory patterns were similar to each other. Furthermore mRNA expression of each CINC was inhibited by dexamethasone in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, indomethacin and piroxicam were without effect. Expression of each CINC was regulated differently; the production of CINC-1 reached a maximum at 12 h and then slightly decreased after lipopolysaccharide stimulation, whereas that of CINC-2 and CINC-3 increased up to 24 h. Dexamethasone inhibited the CINCs production and mRNA expression at 9 h after lipopolysaccharide stimulation.¶Conclusions: These results indicate no difference among CINC-1, -2 and -3 in the inhibition of production and mRNA expression of CINCs by anti-inflammatory steroids, although lipopolysaccharide differentially induces expression of each CINC expression in culture of rat macrophages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000110050562
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Blood-to-plasma distribution of cyclosporin A in a renal transplant recipient (1988)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 35 (1988), S. 443-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cyclosporin A ; kidney transplants ; blood-to-plasma distribution ; case report
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00561382
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new high spin isomer in 146Eu (1999)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 6 (1999), S. 387-390 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: PACS:21.10.-k Properties of nuclei; nuclear energy levels – 23.20.Lv Gamma transitions and level energies – 25.70.Gh Compount nucleus – 27.60.+j 90 ≤ A ≤ 149
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. High spin states of 146Eu were studied by in-beam gamma ray spectroscopic techniques using 140Ce(10B,4n)146Eu and 139La(13C,6n)146Eu reactions. The level scheme was established up to 10MeV. A new high spin isomer with 10ns half life was found. Configurations of yrast states were understood by a weak coupling of f7/2 neutron to those of 145Eu.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100500050360
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Promoting effect of sodium chloride in 2-stage urinary bladder carcinogenesis in rats initiated by N-Butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine (1986)
    Springer
    Urological research 14 (1986), S. 201-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Rat bladder carcinogenesis ; Initiation and promotion ; N-Butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine ; Urinary composition ; Sodium chloride
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The promoting effect of sodium chloride (NaCl) in 2-stage urinary bladder carcinogenesis in F344 rats initiated by 2 doses of N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine (BBN) was investigated. The incidences of PN hyperplasia were significantly higher in rats initiated with 0.01 or 0.05% BBN when they were given diet containing 10% NaCl for 32 weeks than when they were given control diet. The incidence of papilloma in rats given 0.05% BBN followed by diet containing 10% or 5% NaCl tended to be higher than that in control rats. The urine of rats given diet containing NaCl was larger in volume and had lower osmolality than that of controls. The total urinary sodium and chloride contents were also increased, whereas those of potassium and phosphorus were decreased. No calculus formation or crystalluria was observed. These data suggest that excess intake of sodium as NaCl has a weak promoting effect in 2-stage urinary bladder carcinogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00441114
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of the optimal walking speed for neural relaxation in healthy elderly women using electromyogram and electroencephalogram analyses (1997)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 75 (1997), S. 206-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Key words Optimal walking speed  ;  Relaxant effect  ;   Alpha-wave component  ;  Elderly woman
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the walking speed which has the greatest influence on neural relaxation in healthy elderly women as determined by electromyogram (EMG) and electroencephalogram (EEG) analyses. Seven elderly female volunteers [mean age 68.5 (SD 3.95) years] served as subjects for this study. The EMG signals were recorded from the gastrocnemius (MG), soleus (SL) and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles while walking on a treadmill, starting at 40␣m · min−1 and increasing 6 m · min−1 incrementally for 10␣min. The turning point of muscle activities (by integrated EMG, iEMGtp) was determined as the walking speed at the point at which the mean rate of change of iEMG (MG + SL + TA) abruptly increased. After the determination of iEMGtp, the treadmill was set at three constant speeds, one corresponding to the speed for the iEMGtp and two others 20% higher or lower than that for the iEMGtp. The subjects then walked for 20 min at each of these speeds on 3 separate days and their EEG power spectrum data were obtained for frequencies from the 8 to 13 Hz (α-wave component, AWC). The mean of iEMGtp for our subjects was at a mean walking speed of 64.7 (SD 7.9) m · min−1. Considering the subjects' age and height, iEMGtp was somewhat faster than their expected self-paced normal walking speed. There were no differences between the mean AWC values of the subjects prior to exercising at each of the three speeds. The mean AWC values after exercise were significantly (P 〈 0.01) greater than before. The extent of the increase in AWC at iEMGtp was greater than those at slower speeds. Our data would suggest that walking exercise at the speed which corresponds with EMG evidence of iEMGtp may induce the most significant relaxing effects in elderly women.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004210050149
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tumor cell adhesion to frozen lymph node sections — a correlate of lymphatic metastasis in breast carcinoma models of human and rat origin (1990)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 17 (1990), S. 109-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: lymphatic metastasis ; adhesion ; integrims
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The role of tumor cell adhesion in lymphatic metastasis of breast cancer was investigatedin vitro using a rat mammary carcinoma model of four cell lines with different metastatic phenotypes, two human breast cancer cell lines, and cryostast sections of normal rat or human lymph nodes, respectively. A positive correlation was found between the adhesion levels obtained with three metastatic rat mammary cell lines (TMT-081 〉 MT-100M & TMT-50) and a non-metastatic line MT-W9B, the latter being 3–4 fold less adhesive to the lymph node sections than the metastatic tumors. This selective adhesion was specific, as it was not found with cryostat sections of rat liver and brain. Enzyme assays indicated that cell surface glycoproteins bearing terminal β-galactoside residues were involved in the adhesion of the rat tumors. Adhesion of the human breast carcinoma cells Hs578T to sections of human lymph nodes was significantly higher than that of the normal breast epithelial cell line Hs578Bst, and comparable to adhesion of a second breast carcinoma line, MCF-7. Moreover, Hs578T cells isolated from regional lymph nodes of tumor-bearing nude mice were significantly more adhesive to human lymph node sections than the parental line. Adhesion of both human and rat tumors could be partially blocked by the addition of the synthetic peptide GRGDSPK and by antibodies directed to the β1 chain of integrin, suggesting that an integrin receptor may played a role in the adhesion. The results suggest that tumor cell adhesion to cryostat sections of lymph nodes is a correlate of the malignant phenotype in mammary tumors of diverse origins, and could be used to delineate the adhesion factors mediating lymphatic metastasis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01806291
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transient Increase of Cyclic AMP Induced by Glutamate in Cultured Neurons from Rat Spinal Cord (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 65 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: We demonstrated that glutamate increased the cyclic AMP level in cultured neurons from rat spinal cord. A bath application of glutamate (300 µM) elicited a rapid increase of the cyclic AMP concentration reaching a level three times as high as the basal level in ∼3 min, and its content then decreased to the control level in 15 min. The increase was not observed in a Ca2+-free medium and was inhibited by an antagonist of NMDA receptors or a voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channel blocker. Preincubation with W7 also inhibited the glutamate-evoked cyclic AMP increase. NMDA, aspartate, and high-K+ conditions also induced a cyclic AMP increase; however, a decreasing phase did not follow. The decreasing phase was observed when (2S,1′S,2′S)-2-(carboxycyclopropyl)-glycine, a potent agonist for metabotropic glutamate receptors, was combined with NMDA. These results suggest that the cyclic AMP increase is mediated by a Ca2+ influx via both NMDA receptors and voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels followed by an activation of the Ca2+/calmodulin system, and the decreasing phase observed in the case of glutamate exposure is due to the activation of the metabotropic glutamate receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.65041816.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Release of Excitatory Amino Acids from Cultured Hippocampal Astrocytes Induced by a Hypoxic-Hypoglycemic Stimulation (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 58 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: An excess release of excitatory amino acids (EAA) is an important factor for postischemic brain damage. In the present communication, we demonstrate that cultured hippocampal cells release EAA after hypoxic-hypoglycemic treatment. The amounts of EAA released from astrocytes were appreciably above those released from neurons. Furthermore, the amount of aspartate released from astrocytes was comparable to that of glutamate, although the endogenous content of aspartate was one-fifth that of glutamate. The endogenous content of aspartate in astrocytes increased even after hypoxic-hypoglycemic treatment. These results suggests that ischemic neuronal death is due, at least in part, to the excitotoxicity of aspartate and glutamate-derived from surrounding astrocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb10075.x
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