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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of bonded interface on electrical properties of bonded silicon-on-insulator wafers (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 72 (1992), S. 3610-3616 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effect of bonded interface location on the electrical properties of silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafers is investigated. It is demonstrated that a bonded Si/SiO2 interface can lead to an increase in boron concentration in a 1-μm-thick silicon layer measured from the interface. It is also proved that the increase in boron concentration is due to about monolayer surface boron contamination formed prior to bonding. The capacitance versus voltage (C-V) and capacitance versus time (C-t) characteristics of metal-oxide-silicon capacitors fabricated on SOI wafers can be affected by the interface of top Si/buried SiO2 under certain conditions. The bonded interface inside the buried SiO2 layer does not have evident influence on the electrical properties of SOI wafers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.352302
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiple internal reflection infrared spectroscopy of silicon surface structure and oxidation process at room temperature (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 3018-3022 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: It is demonstrated that the multiple internal reflection infrared (IR) spectroscopy using a germanium prism is a very powerful nondestructive diagnostic technique for the study of silicon wafer surfaces in a wide range of IR irradiation region. The technique limits neither the shape of samples nor the IR range due to the absorption by silicon itself. With this technique, it is demonstrated that; (i) dangling bonds of a silicon surface treated with HF solution and de-ionized (DI) water are terminated mostly with H atoms, (ii) native oxide growth is enhanced by DI water rinsing, and the interstitial oxygen concentration in the silicon surface region increases during native oxide growth process, and (iii) DI water rinsing after HF etching replaces Si—F bonds with Si—H and Si—OH bonds on a silicon surface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.353007
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature dependence of minority-carrier lifetime in iron-diffused p-type silicon wafers (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 3077-3081 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Minority-carrier recombination lifetime was measured with a noncontact laser/microwave method for nondiffused and iron-diffused p-type silicon wafers in the temperature range from 28 °C to 230 °C. The lifetime increased monotonically with temperature in nondiffused silicon, while the lifetime in iron-diffused silicon showed a broad peak around 110 °C and a depression around 170 °C. The temperature dependence of the lifetime in iron-diffused silicon was analyzed based on Shockley–Read–Hall statistics. The origin of the lifetime temperature dependence was attributed to the dissociation of iron-boron pairs. Our experimental data supported that an electron trap for an iron-boron pair at Ec−0.29 eV was more effective as a recombination center than a hole trap at Ev + 0.1 eV. It was also shown that the effect of iron in concentrations as low as 1×1011 cm−3 on the lifetime can be detected with the noncontact laser/microwave method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.348570
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Control of the crystal orientation of zinc-blende MnTe epitaxial films grown on GaAs (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 74 (1993), S. 746-748 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Epitaxial films of the zinc-blende MnTe have been successfully grown directly on (001) GaAs substrates by molecular beam epitaxy. The structure and the stoichiometry of the GaAs substrate surfaces are found to be important in determining the orientation and the twin formation of the MnTe films. When the preheating treatment of the substrate was done at 580 °C and reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED) from the GaAs surface showed (3×1) reconstruction pattern during the treatment, the twin-free (111) oriented MnTe was obtained on it. When the preheating treatment was done at 560 °C, the weak streaked RHEED pattern with a halo was observed from the GaAs surface and the (001) oriented MnTe was obtained on it.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.355245
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Myelin Gangliosides of Human Peripheral Nervous System: An Enrichment of GM1 in the Motor Nerve Myelin Isolated from Cauda Equina (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 59 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Myelins of the PNS were isolated from human motor and sensory nerves of cauda equina, and their ganglioside compositions were compared. The predominant ganglioside in the human PNS myelins, both from motor and sensory nerves, was LM1 (sialosylneolactotetraosylceramide). Sialosyl-nLc6Cer and disialosyl-nLc4Cer, GD3, GM3, and GDlb were detected as common components of the two nerve myelins. Furthermore, it was revealed that the motor nerve myelin contained GM1 (about 15% of total gangliosides), whereas sensory nerve myelin contained only a trace amount of GM1 (less than 5%), by TLC analyses together with TLC immunostaining using anti-GM 1 antibody. As for the disialoganglioside fraction, the content of GD1 a, as well as that of GM1, differed in motor and sensory nerves. Thus, the different contents of the ganglioseries gangliosides in human motor and sensory nerve myelins were demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb11018.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glycosphingolipids of Human Peripheral Nervous System Myelins Isolated from Cauda Equina (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 61 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Compositions of neutral and sulfated glucuronyl glycosphingolipids purified from human motor and sensory nerves and myelins were studied. Higher neutral glycosphingolipids (fraction B), which were separated from GazlCer (fraction A), were analyzed by TLC and TLC-immunostaining. Both nerve myelins contained paragloboside (nLc4Cer) and nLc6Cer dominantly as major higher glycosphingolipids and very little globoside (Gb4Cer), whereas both nerves contained Gb4Cer and nLc4Cer. Besides these major glycosphingolipids, a neutral glycolipid containing asialoGMI (Gg4Cer) epitope and other minor components such as ceramide trihexoside and ceramide dihexoside were detected in both nerves and their myelins. Furthermore, sulfated glucuronyl nLc4Cer and n Lc6Cer, which were monoclonal antibody HNK-1 reactive glycolipids, were detected in both nerves and myelins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1993.tb13633.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Different Ceramide Compositions of Gangliosides Between Human Motor and Sensory Nerves (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 55 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Ganglioside analysis of human motor and sensory nerves revealed that ceramide compositions of sensory nerve GD1a, GD1b, and GMl differed apparently from those in the motor nerve. These gangliosides from sensory nerve contained a large amount of long-chain fatty acids and d18:1 as a major long chain base. On the contrary, the motor nerve gangliosides contained C16–18 fatty acids and a large amount of d20:1 besides d 18:1. Furthermore, these gangliosides were enriched more in the axon fraction than in the myelin fraction. LM1, which was a major ganglioside in myelin from human peripheral nerve, was composed of similar ceramide compositions in the two nerves. The present findings suggest that the characteristic ceramide species of nerve gangliosides may reflect in part properties of their own neurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb04930.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemical instability of YBa2Cu3O7−δ at high mechanical pressures (1989)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 55 (1989), S. 313-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The high-temperature superconducting phase YBa2Cu3O7−δ has been found to be unstable with respect to and decompose into other metal oxides (Y2BaCuO5, CuO, Cu2O, BaCuO2, and others) at stresses greater than 100 MPa at temperatures from 700 to 950 °C. Hot isostatic pressing and hot uniaxial pressing were used to apply pressure to and to densify porous YBa2Cu3O7−δ. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy/x-ray spectroscopy were used to determine phase purity before and after pressing. The instability of the superconducting phase should be considered during the development of hot mechanical densification and shape-forming processes, since a limit exists for the time at temperature and pressure that the YBa2Cu3O7−δ phase can withstand before decomposing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.101569
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elimination of secondary defects in As-implanted Si by high concentration oxygen atoms (1988)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 52 (1988), S. 1210-1212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Arsenic precipitate-induced dislocation loops generated at the projected range Rp of As in high-dose As-implanted, annealed (100) Si are eliminated, if oxygen-atom concentrations at the Rp region are high, i.e., above about 1×1020 atoms/cm3 . This is confirmed by the following two experiments: 80 keV, 2×1016 As+/cm2, 18-nm-thick through-oxide implantation together with subsequent annealing and a double implantation of 80 keV, 2×1016 As+ /cm2 and 22 keV, 5×1015 O+ /cm2 , followed by an annealing sequence. Experimental results suggest that the bonding of several As atoms with one oxygen atom suppresses As clustering.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.99160
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE CHARACTERIZATION OF SPHINGOLIPIDS FROM NEURONS AND ASTROGLIA OF IMMATURE RAT BRAIN (1974)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 23 (1974), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract— Isolated neuronal cell bodies and astroglia of young (15–20-day-old) rat brains were both found to contain small concentrations of a variety of glycosphingolipids, including glucosylceramide, galactosylceramide, sulphatide, dihexosylceramide and gangliosides. These sphingolipids, plus sphingomyelin, were isolated, quantitated and their fatty acid and long chain base patterns determined. These data were compared to similar data obtained on these lipids isolated from whole brain and myelin of rats of the same age range.Glucosylceramide was found in an amount equal to galactosylceramide in neurons, and accounted for 35 per cent of the total monohexosylceramide in astroglia. Dihexosylceramide was present in nearly the same amount as sulphatide in both cell types.The sphingolipids of each cell type had characteristic fatty acid patterns. Generally the whole brain fatty acid patterns resembled those of astroglial lipids rather than neuronal lipids. In no case did the cell sphingolipid fatty acids resemble those of myelin. However, the galactosylceramide and sulphatides of both cells had unsubstituted and α-hydroxy acids, both of which had appreciable quantities of C24 acids.The ganglioside fatty acids of each cell type were similar and not unusual, but were quite different from those of glucosylceramide and dihexosylceramide; the latter having appreciable quantities of 16:0 and acids longer than 18:0. The ganglioside patterns of these cells were similar and only slightly different from that of whole brain. Long chain bases of sphingolipids were mainly C18-sphingosine in both cell types, and those of ganglioside and sphingomyelin contained small amounts of C20-sphingosine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1974.tb10755.x
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