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  • 1999  (23)
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  • 1995-1999  (23)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Linkage analysis of candidate myelin genes in familial multiple sclerosis (1999)
    Springer
    Neurogenetics 2 (1999), S. 155-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1364-6753
    Keywords: Key words Multiple sclerosis ; Genetics ; Myelin basic protein ; Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein ; Proteolipid protein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: ABSTRACT Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. A complex genetic etiology is thought to underlie susceptibility to this disease. The present study was designed to analyze whether differences in genes that encode myelin proteins influence susceptibility to MS. We performed linkage analysis of MS to markers in chromosomal regions that include the genes encoding myelin basic protein (MBP), proteolipid protein (PLP), myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), oligodendrocyte myelin glycoprotein (OMGP), and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) in a well-characterized population of 65 multiplex MS families consisting of 399 total individuals, 169 affected with MS and 102 affected sibpairs. Physical mapping data permitted placement of MAG and PLP genes on the Genethon genetic map; all other genes were mapped on the Genethon genetic map by linkage analysis. For each gene, at least one marker within the gene and/or two tightly linked flanking markers were analyzed. Marker data analysis employed a combination of genetic trait model-dependent (parametric) and model-independent linkage methods. Results indicate that MAG, MBP, OMGP, and PLP genes do not have a significant genetic effect on susceptibility to MS in this population. As MOG resides within the MHC, a potential role of the MOG gene could not be excluded.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100480050076
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The neurofibromatoses. An overview (1999)
    Springer
    Italian journal of neurological sciences 20 (1999), S. 89-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1126-5442
    Keywords: Key words Neurofibromatosis ; Nf1 ; Nf2 ; Mosaic/segmental neurofibromatosis ; Variants ; Classification ; Neurological manifestations ; Genetics ; Childhood ; Adulthood
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The last two decades have seen clinical and molecular delineation of the different forms of neurofibromatosis. Differentiation of these forms is not just an academic exercise: their natural history, management and genetic counselling are quite different. Of the numerical classifications of neurofibromatosis proposed in the past, only neurofibromatosis type 1 (Nf1) and neurofibromatosis type 2 (Nf2) are now well delineated clinically and have been shown to be distinct at the molecular level. For both forms of neurofibromatosis, patients with clinical generalised disease have been demonstrated to be mosaic at the molecular level, and features of segmental or mosaic Nf1 and Nf2 have been delineated. Other reported forms of neurofibromatosis are rarer; they include Watson syndrome, hereditary spinal neurofibromatosis, familial intestinal neurofibromatosis, autosomal dominant café-au-lait spots alone, autosomal dominant neurofibromas alone, and schwannomatosis, the latter believed to be a variant of Nf2. Further delineation is neeeded for individuals having overlapping features of Noonan's syndrome and neurofibromatosis (the so-called Noonan/neurofibromatosis syndrome) and the syndrome of “multiple naevi, multiple schwannomas and multiple vaginal leiomyomas”. In this article we review the forms of neurofibromatosis which we believe are true clinical entities. Particular attention is given to the neurological manifestations of neurofibromatosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100720050017
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of biheterocyclicα-amino acids (1999)
    Springer
    Amino acids 17 (1999), S. 149-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-2199
    Keywords: α-Amino acids ; Triazole ; Tetrazole ; Azide ; Alcyne ; Cycloaddition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We report here the synthesis of biheterocyclicα-amino acids by 1,3 dipolar cycloaddition of acetylenic compounds onα-azidoα-amino esters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01361878
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion due to phosphofructo-1-kinase-deficiency in humans (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 77 (1999), S. 96-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Key words Diabetes ; Genetics ; Phosphofructokinase ; Glycogenosis ; NIDDM ; PFK
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The etiology of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is usually explained as a combination of peripheral insulin resistance and impaired beta-cell function. Phosphofructo-1-kinase (PFK1) is a rate limiting enzyme in glycolysis, and its muscle subtype (PFK1-M) deficiency leads to an autosomal recessively inherited disorder known as glycogenosis type VII or Tarui’s disease. It was evaluated whether PFK1-M deficiency leads to NIDDM in humans. A core family of four was evaluated for PFK1-M deficiency by DNA- and enzyme-activity-analyses. All members underwent oral and intravenous glucose tolerance test (oGTT/ivgtt), as well as an insulin sensitivity test (IST) using octreotide. Results: Father (46 years, BMI 22.4 kg/m2) and older son (19 years, BMI 17.8 kg/m5) showed homozygous PFK1-M deficiency, while mother (47 years, BMI 28.4 kg/m5) and younger son (13 years, BMI 16.5 kg/m5) were shown to be heterozygously PFK1-M-deficient on enzyme activity levels. DNA analysis revealed an exon 5-missense-mutation at one allele of all four members, and an exon 22-frameshift-mutation at the other allele of the two homozygously affected individuals. By oGTT the father showed impaired glucose tolerance, and the mother clinical diabetes. By ivGTT both parents and the older son had a decreased first phase insulin secretion, and a diminished glucose disappearance rate. The IST showed marked insulin resistance in both parents and the older son, and moderate resistance in the younger son, previously not described. Conclusion: PFK1-M-deficiency leads to a metabolic state typical for early NIDDM in homozygously affected humans, especially concerning insulin resistance and loss of first phase beta-cell insulin secretion, and may contribute to the manifestation of NIDDM in a subgroup of patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001090050311
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Erbliche Ursachen und Risikofaktoren der Alzheimer-Krankheit (1999)
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 70 (1999), S. 195-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Alzheimer-Krankheit ; Genetik ; Risikofaktoren ; Genetische Beratung ; Key words Alzheimer’s disease ; Genetics ; Risk factors ; Genetic counseling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A multifactorial etiology underlies the majority of cases of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Both ill-defined environmental and genetic factors contribute to the development of the disease. Allele ɛ4 of ApoE is a genetic risk factor. Its presence increases the risk of developing AD. However, presence of e4 is neither necessary nor sufficient for the disease to arise. Apart from the common multifactorial forms of the disease, there are rare variants which are inherited as Mendelian traits. To date three genes are known that can be mutated in these rare forms of AD. Of these, mutations in the gene presenilin 1 on chromosome 14 are most frequent. In addition, mutations in the gene presenilin 2 on chromosome 1 and in the amyloid precursor protein gene (APP on chromosome 21) occur in autosomal dominant AD. This article reviews our present knowledge of the genetics of AD and discusses its relevance for patients with AD and their relatives.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Der Großteil der Fälle von Alzheimer-Krankheit (AK) hat eine multifaktorielle Ätiologie. Das bedeutet, bisher nicht genauer bekannte Umwelteinflüsse und genetische Faktoren spielen bei der Entwicklung der Krankheit eine wesentliche Rolle. Von seiten der Genetik unterscheidet man bei der AK gegenwärtig genetische Risikofaktroren und Mutationen. Der einzige bisher gesicherte genetische Risikofaktor ist das Allel ɛ4 des Gens für Apolipoprotein E auf Chromosom 19. Dieses Allel erhöht die Wahrscheinlichkeit, an der AK zu erkranken, ist jedoch weder eine notwendige noch eine hinreichende Bedingung. Neben den häufigen Formen mit multifaktorieller Ätiologie kommen seltene Varianten der Krankheit vor, die nach Mendelschen Regeln vererbt werden. Bisher sind 3 Gene bekannt, die bei diesen seltenen, in der Regel früh auftretenden und autosomal dominant vererbten Formen mutiert sein können. Am häufigsten findet sich bei den autosomal-dominanten Fällen eine Mutation im Gen präsenilin 1 auf Chromosom 14, seltener liegen Mutationen im Gen präsenilin 2 auf Chromosom 1 und im Gen des Amyloid- Vorläuferproteins auf Chromosom 21 vor. In diesem Beitrag geben wir eine Übersicht über gegenwärtige Befunde zur Genetik der AK und diskutieren die Bedeutung dieses Wissens für Patienten und deren Verwandte.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001150050423
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetik schizophrener Störungen Neuere Konzepte und Befunde (1999)
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 70 (1999), S. 955-969 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Schizophrenie ; Genetik ; Schizophrenes Spektrum ; Kopplungsuntersuchungen ; Assoziationsuntersuchungen ; Key words Schizophrenia ; Genetics ; Schizophrenia spectrum ; Linkage studies ; Association studies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Schizophrenia is a genetic complex disease as it does not follow monogenic transmission while non-familial environmental factors have a strong additional impact. A heterogenous, continuous phenotype is transmitted in families which can now be more precisely characterized. Genes coding for proteins with presumed pathophysiological relevance are apparently not playing a major causal role. However, in the last three years several (currently seven) candidate regions have been identified in a replicable manner by linkage studies. These regions are likely to host susceptibility genes for schizophrenia, but none of them has been identified up to now. Given these findings, polygenic transmission has now become very likely. The candidate regions are currently being narrowed down by various promising techniques.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Schizophrenie gehört zu den genetisch komplexen Erkrankungen, die keinem monogenen Erbgang folgen und bei denen auch nichtfamiliäre Umgebungsfaktoren eine wichtige Rolle spielen. Dabei wird intrafamiliär ein heterogener, quantitativ variierender Phänotyp übertragen, der zunehmend genauer charakterisiert werden kann. Keines der bekannten Gene mit vermuteter pathophysiologischer Relevanz spielt nach den bisherigen Erkenntnissen eine substantielle Rolle. In den vergangenen drei Jahren ist es aber erstmals durch Kopplungsuntersuchungen gelungen, mehrere replizierbare Kandidatenregionen (derzeit sieben) auf dem Genom zu identifizieren, in denen vermutlich Suszeptibilitätsgene für Schizophrenie liegen. Keines dieser Gene wurde jedoch bislang identifiziert. Mit diesen Befunden ist eine polygene Übertragung der Schizophrenie sehr wahrscheinlich geworden. Verschiedene Techniken zur Eingrenzung der Kandidatenregionen werden derzeit erfolgreich angewandt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001150050524
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A mutation at codon 279 (N279K) in exon 10 of the Tau gene causes a tauopathy with dementia and supranuclear palsy (1999)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 98 (1999), S. 62-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Frontotemporal dementia ; Genetics ; Progressive supranuclear palsy ; Tauopathy ; Exon ; amplifcation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Recently intronic and exonic mutations in the Tau gene have been found to be associated with familial neurodegenerative syndromes characterized not only by a predominantly frontotemporal dementia but also by the presence of neurological signs consistent with the dysfunction of multiple subcortical neuronal circuitries. Among families, the symptomatology appears to vary in quality and severity in relation to the specific Tau gene mutation and often may include parkinsonism, supranuclear palsies, and/or myoclonus, in addition to dementia. We carried out molecular genetic and neuropathological studies on two patients from a French family presenting, early in their fifth decade, a cognitive impairment and supranuclear palsy followed by an akinetic rigid syndrome and dementia. The proband died severely demented 7 years after the onset of the symptoms; currently, his brother is still alive although his disease is progressing. In both patients, we found a Tau gene mutation in exon 10 at codon 279, resulting in an asparagine to lysine substitution (N279K). Neuropathologically, widespread neuronal and glial tau accumulation in the cortex, basal ganglia, brain stem nuclei as well as in the white matter were the hallmark of the disease. These deposits were shown by immunohistochemistry and immunoelectron microscopy, using a battery of antibodies to phosphorylation-dependent and phosphorylation-independent epitopes present in multiple tau regions. In the neocortex, tau-immunopositive glial cells were more numerous than immunopositive neurons; the deeper cortical layers as well as the white matter adjacent to the cortex contained the largest amount of immunolabeled glial cells. In contrast, some brain stem nuclei contained more neurons with tau deposits than immunolabeled glial cells. The correlation of clinical, neuropathological and molecular genetic findings emphasize the phenotypic heterogeneitiy of diseases caused by Tau gene mutations. Furthermore, to test the effect of the N279K mutation and compare it with the effect of the P301L exon 10 mutation on alternative splicing of Tau exon 10, we used an exon amplification assay. Our results suggest that the N279K mutation affects splicing similar to the intronic mutations, allowing exon 10 to be incorporated more frequently in the Tau transcript.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010051052
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Management of mantle cell lymphoma (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 78 (1999), S. 485-494 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Key words Mantle cell lymphoma ; Classification ; Pathology ; Prognosis ; Immunology ; Genetics ; Antineoplastic agents ; Combined ; Therapeutic use ; Radiotherapy ; Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002770050545
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Why is acute leukemia more common in males? A possible sex-determined risk linked to the ABO blood group genes (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 78 (1999), S. 233-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Key words Acute leukemia ; Genetics ; Sex ; ABO Blood group
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Acute leukemia is more common in males at almost every age, and this fact remains unexplained. A study was carried out in northeast peninsular Malaysia, where the population is predominantly Malay, to examine whether there was a difference in ABO blood group distribution between males and females with acute leukemia (AL). The ABO blood groups of 109 male and 79 female patients with AL (98 ALL, 90 AML) were compared with those of 1019 controls. In the control population, 39.7% were group O. Among males with AL, 39.4% were group O, whereas among females with AL, the proportion was 24.1% (p=0.03). The same trend to a lower proportion of group O among females was seen if the group was divided into adult/pediatric or lymphoblastic/myeloblastic groups, though these differences were not statistically significant. If these findings can be confirmed, they suggest the presence of a "sex-responsive" gene near to the ABO gene locus on chromosome 9, which relatively protects group O women against AL, at least in our population. The existence of such a gene might also partly explain why acute leukemia, and possibly other childhood cancers, are more common in males.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002770050507
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of potential phosphorylation sites in human T cell leukemia virus type 1 Tax (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of biomedical science 6 (1999), S. 206-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1423-0127
    Keywords: Tax ; HTLV-1 ; Trans-activation ; Phosphorylation ; Mutagenesis ; Transcription ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) Tax is a phosphoprotein, however, the contribution of phosphorylation to Tax activity is unknown. Previous studies have shown that phosphorylation of Tax occurs on serine residue(s), within one tryptic fragment, in response to 4β-phorbol-12β-myristate-13α-acetate, in both mouse and human cells. Studies were conducted in multiple cell lines to identify the specific phosphorylated serines as a prelude to functional analysis. The phosphorylation pattern of Tax was found to be different in 293T and COS-7 cells in comparison with MT-4 and Px-1 cells. However, one tryptic fragment remained consistent in comigration analyses among all cell lines. Using selected Tax serine mutants a tryptic fragment containing a serine at residue 113 believed to be the site of phosphorylation of Tax did not comigrate with the common phosphorylated tryptic fragment. Analysis of selected Tax mutants for ability totrans-activate the cytomegalovirus promoter demonstrated mutation of serine 77 to alanine reducedtrans-activation by 90% compared to wild-type Tax. However, examination of the phosphorylation pattern of the serine 77 mutant demonstrated that it is not the site of phosphorylation. These studies demonstrate the importance of using relevant cell lines to characterize the role of phosphorylation in protein function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02255904
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pathologie der Rhabdo- myosarkome des Kindes- und Adoleszentenalters Ein Bericht des Kindertumorregisters bei der Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Onkologie und Hämatologie (GPOH) (1999)
    Springer
    Der Pathologe 20 (1999), S. 87-97 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1963
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Rhadomyosarkom ; Klassifizierung ; Immunhistochemie ; Genetik ; Prognose ; Key words Rhabdomyosarcoma ; Classification ; Immunohistochemistry ; Genetics ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most important and a very heterogeneous group of malignant soft tissue tumors of childhood and adolescence.The two major subtypes (embryonal and alveolar) share a common myogenic differentiation, but seem to be histogenetically not related. The so-called ’International Classification of Rhabdomyosarcoma’ includes, besides the two major subtypes, the botryoid and leiomyomatous subtypes of embryonal RMS which are associated with a better prognosis and are treated less aggressively according to current protocols. In addition, the solid variant of alveolar RMS is included in the alveolar group of RMS. The identification of the various subtypes is necessary and important because the treatment with the current protocols is also related to histology. Using conventional stains and immunohistochemistry, these subtypes are distinguishable. Genetic analysis can be helpful in the demonstration of t(2;13) or t(1;13) translocations in alveolar RMS. The identification of alveolar RMS with t(1;13) translocation might become important in the future, because this type of translocation seems to be related to a better prognosis as compared to tumors with a t(2;13) translocation.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Rhabdomyosarkome stellen eine heterogene Gruppe von ganz verschiedenartigen, histogenetisch wohl nicht zusammengehörenden Tumoren dar. Nach der heute verwendeten „Internationalen Klassifikation” der Rhabdomyosarkome werden neben der Unterteilung in embryonalen und alveoläre Rhabdomyossarkome auch Subtypen des embryonalen RMS identifiziert (botryoider und leiomyomatöser Subtyp), die durch eine günstigere Prognose und durch die Notwendigkeit einer weniger aggressive Therapie gekennzeichnet sind. Durch Einsatz von verschiedenen histologischen und immunhistochemischen Färbungen ist die Identifizierung der verschiedenen Typen der RMS heute möglich und auch zwingend notwendig, da die einzelnen Entitäten nach ganz unterschiedlichen Therapieprotokollen behandelt werden. Der Nachweis typischer molekulargenetischer Veränderungen kann in der Unterscheidung insbesondere von embryonalen und alveolären RMS hilfreich sein. In der Regel ist die Abgrenzung zwischen diesen beiden Entitäten auch an konventionell gefärbten Schnittpräparaten möglich. Die Identifizierung von alveolären RMS mit einer t(1;13)-Translokation könnte in Zukunft eine große Bedeutung haben, da diese genetische Veränderung möglicherweise mit einer günstigeren Prognose assoziert sein könnte als die t(2;13)-Translokation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002920050326
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clinical relevance of monosomy 22q11.2 in children with pulmonary atresia and ventricular septal defect (1999)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 158 (1999), S. 302-307 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Congenital heart disease ; Pulmonary atresia and ventricular septal defect ; Genetics ; Monosomy 22q11.2
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of our study was to describe the prevalence and the clinical spectrum of monosomy 22q11.2 in a population of patients with pulmonary atresia and ventricular septal defect. We examined all 44 patients with this conotruncal cardiac malformation who presented to our institution from January 1994 until December 1997. The type of collateral lung perfusion was recorded including anomalies of the pulmonary arteries as well as facial and immunological abnormalities. Molecular-cytogenetic testing for a 22q11.2 microdeletion was performed using the probes D22S75 and cHKAD26. Statistical differences were evaluated with the Fisher's Exact Test. Monosomy 22q11.2 was present in ten children (23%) with major aortopulmonary collateral arteries (group 1). The remaining 13 children (29%) with major aortopulmonary collateral arteries (group 2) and all 21 children (48%) with ductus arteriosus (group 3) were negative for this microdeletion. All children in group 1 had facial anomalies, six had mild immunological abnormalities including decreased CD 4+ or CD 8+ cells. Anomalies of the pulmonary vascular bed were significantly more frequent in children of group 1 (9/10) than in children of group 2 (4/13) or group 3 (0/21). Due to these pulmonary vascular anomalies, corrective surgery had been accomplished in fewer children with monosomy 22q11.2 (none in group 1) as compared to 7/13 children in group 2 and 14/21 children in group 3. Conclusion In children with pulmonary atresia and ventricular septal defect, monosomy 22q11.2 is preferentially associated with major aortopulmonary collateral arteries. Due to the higher incidence of pulmonary arterial abnormalities, successful surgical repair will require a different therapeutic approach in most patients with this microdeletion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004310051077
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Controlling septation in fission yeast: finding the middle, and timing it right (1999)
    Springer
    Current genetics 35 (1999), S. 571-584 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Key words Cytokinesis ; Kinase ; Mitosis ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe ; Cell division ; Phosphatase ; Mutant ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe provides a simple eukaryotic model for the study of cytokinesis. S. pombe cells are rod-shaped, grow mainly by elongation at their tips, and divide by binary fission after forming a centrally placed division septum. Analysis of mutants has begun to shed light upon how septum formation and cytokinesis are regulated both spatially and temporally. Some of the proteins involved in these events have been functionally conserved throughout eukaryotic evolution, suggesting that aspects of this control will be common to all eukaryotic cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002940050455
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymorphisms in the glutamate transporter gene EAAT2 in European ALS patients (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 246 (1999), S. 1140-1144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Key words Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ; Genetics ; Glutamate transporter gene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurological disorder characterised by degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons. Whilst the primary pathogenic trigger is unknown in most cases, evidence is mounting to implicate a role for glutamate-mediated neurotoxicity in the disorder. Recent studies have shown reduced levels of the mainly astroglial glutamate transporter EAAT2 in ALS motor cortex and spinal cord and multiple abnormal EAAT2 mRNA species in ALS brain tissue. One cause of the low EAAT2 levels may be that point mutations in the EAAT2 gene, EAAT2, result in an abnormal unstable protein. To test this hypothesis we analysed EAAT2 in 128 sporadic and 23 familial European ALS cases. No variants within the coding sequence of EAAT2 to affect the protein sequence nor in the consensus splice sites of the flanking intronic sequences were found in any cases, similar to findings in other reports. Frequent polymorphisms within the flanking intronic sequences of both exons 2 and 4 were seen but at similar frequencies in controls. Mechanisms other than mutations within the coding region of EAAT2 must therefore be responsible for the low levels of EAAT2 seen in most cases of ALS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004150050532
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Etiology of the inflammatory bowel diseases (1999)
    Springer
    International journal of colorectal disease 14 (1999), S. 2-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Keywords: Key words Inflammatory bowel disease ; Crohn's disease ; Ulcerative colitis ; Epidemiology ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are complex disorders. While the exact etiology of these diseases remains unknown, recent progress in the epidemiology and genetics of IBD has clearly demonstrated both environmental and genetic factors to play a role in the development of the disease, and it is expected that some risk factors are common for both Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The environmental factor(s) are associated with the Western way of life in the second half of the twentieth century. Cigarette smoking is presently the best known environmental factor. However, the effect of tobacco is opposite in CD and UC. A familial history of IBD is the most important risk factor for developing the disease, suggesting a genetic predisposition to IBD. This hypothesis has recently been confirmed by the localization of at least two susceptibility loci on chromosomes 12 and 16. These genes seem to play a role in both CD and UC. They must now to be identified.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003840050175
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Craniosynostosis: from a clinical description to an understanding of bone formation of the skull (1999)
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 15 (1999), S. 676-680 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Key words Craniosynostosis ; Genetics ; FGFR ; Msx2 ; Development ; Skull
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The genetic studies of syndromic craniosynostoses lead to the characterisation of genes that regulate the correct development of the bones of the skull. From these studies, it appears that FGF/FGFR signalling has a crucial role in this problem. Numerous mutations affecting the genes coding for FGFR1, 2 or 3 are responsible for these syndromes. It is interesting to note that some identical mutations produced various different phenotypes, suggesting that other genes modulate the phenotypic expressivity. The other involved genes in these syndromes code for such proteins as Msx2 or Twist that interact in the cellular pathways responsible for FGF action. From these genetic studies, it is now important to establish the role of these proteins during the development of the skull. Msx2 plays a repressive role in osteogenesis, whereas FGFRs act as promoting proteins. In the near future, it will be very important to improve our understanding of these phenomena in order to test specific treatments to prevent the development of such syndromes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003810050457
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    Early diagnosis and the clinical genetics of Alzheimer’s disease (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 246 (1999), S. 69-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Key words Alzheimer’s disease ; Genetics ; Genetic counseling ; Predictive testing ; Diagnosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has a significant genetic background manifested as autosomal dominant inheritance in some early-onset families and as familial risk in late-onset cases. Three genes responsible for early-onset autosomal dominant AD have been identified, and one gene, apolipoprotein E, has been confirmed as a susceptibility gene for late-onset forms of the disorder. These findings raise the possibility of genetic testing, either for early diagnosis or prediction. For early-onset autosomal dominant AD genetic testing will have a limited but useful role in confirming diagnosis in established cases and in predictive counselling for relatives; a situation analogous to that for Huntington’s disease. For late-onset AD significant problems remain to be overcome before the advances in molecular genetics have a direct clinical application
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004150050310
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  • 18
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    Mitochondrial DNA mutation at np 3243 in a family with maternally inherited diabetes mellitus (1999)
    Springer
    Acta diabetologica 36 (1999), S. 163-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5233
    Keywords: Key words Mitochondrial DNA ; Genetics ; Maternally inherited diabetes mellitus ; Deafness ; np 3243 mutation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) gene defects may play a role in the development of maternally inherited diabetes mellitus and deafness (MIDD). A family from Southern Italy who showed maternal transmission of type 2 diabetes mellitus with three individuals affected is described. A 10.4 kb deletion and mutations at nucleotide positions (np) 3243, 7445 and 11778 in the mtDNA of six relatives were sought. The mitochondrial np 3243 mutation of the tRNA Leu (UUR) gene was identified in a boy affected by optic atrophy and mental retardation, as well as in his diabetic mother. No other mutations or deletions were found. Our study points out the variable phenotypic expression of the np 3243 mtDNA mutation. This may suggest the presence of other mitochondrial or nuclear mutations required to modulate the phenotype. A clinical and metabolic follow-up of all family members was necessary to understand the role of the np 3243 mutation, especially in one child affected by optic atrophy and mental retardation. Further studies will be aimed at investigating the prevalence of mutations and deletions of mtDNA in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005920050161
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  • 19
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    Self-incompatibility in passion fruit: evidence of two locus genetic control (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 98 (1999), S. 564-568 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Passiflora ; Self-incompatibility ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The self-incompatibility in yellow passion fruit was previously described as homomorphic sporophytic with monofactorial inheritance. Five progenies were obtained by bud-selfing. The plants of these progenies were selfed, reciprocally crossed within each progeny and crossed with known incompatible phenotypes to identify their phenotypic group. Fruit set was evaluated at the 7th day after pollination. Two progenies consisted of two self-incompatible groups, the other three formed three suck groups. The groups were identified as S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 and S6. The results provide evidence that the self-incompatibility of passion fruit is controlled by two loci, the S-gene and another, whose expression needs to be investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051105
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    AC/GT and AG/CT microsatellite repeats in peach [Prunus persica (L) Batsch]: isolation, characterisation and cross-species amplification in Prunus (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 65-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Simple sequence repeat (SSR) ; Microsatellites ; Molecular markers ; Genetics ; Fingerprinting
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  We report the sequences of 17 primer pairs of microsatellite loci, which we have cloned and sequenced from two genomic libraries of peach [Prunus persica (L) Batsch] ‘Redhaven’, enriched for AC/GT and AG/CT repeats respectively. For ten of these microsatellite loci we were able to demonstrate Mendelian inheritance in a segregating back-cross population; the remainder did not segregate. The polymorphism of the microsatellites was evaluated in a panel of ten peach genotypes, including true-to-type peaches, nectarines and one canning-peach. Fifteen microsatellites (88%) were polymorphic showing 2–4 alleles each. The mean heterozygosity, averaged over all loci, was 0.32 and significantly higher than that reported in the literature for isozymes and molecular markers, such as RFLPs and RAPDs. We have also assayed the cross-species transportability and found that ten microsatellite (59%) gave apparently correct amplification in all Prunus species surveyed, namely P. domestica (European plum), P. salicina (Japanese plum), P. armeniaca (apricot), P. dulcis (almond), P. persica var. vulgaris (peach), P. persica var. laevis (nectarine), P. avium (sweet cherry) and P. cerasus (sour cherry), with three of them also being amplified in Malus (apple). The remaining microsatellites gave less-extensive amplification. Because of their appreciable polymorphism and wide cross-species transportability, most of these new markers can be integrated into the linkage maps which are currently being constructed in peach, as well as in other stone fruit crops, such as almond, apricot, cherry and plum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051209
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  • 21
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    A stylar ribonuclease assay to detect self-compatible seedlings in almond progenies (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 800-810 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Almond ; Compatibility ; Genetics ; Prunus dulcis ; Ribonucleases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Six almond progenies, each the product of a cross between a self-compatible and a self-incompatible parent, were analysed for stylar ribonucleases. Proteins were extracted and separated using non-equilibrium pH gradient electrofocusing (NEPHGE), and the gels were stained for ribonuclease activity. Most seedlings showed either two principal bands, interpreted as corresponding to two incompatibility alleles, or a single band. The seedlings were also bagged in the field at flowering time to determine fruit set after selfing, and some were also examined for the growth of pollen-tubes in selfed styles using UV fluorescence microscopy. With very few exceptions, those seedlings showing single-banded zymograms were found to be self-compatible according to field and microscope studies, and those with two bands were found to be self-incompatible. We conclude that the allele for self-compatibility in almond does not code for ribonuclease activity and that the ribonuclease isoenzyme assay is a convenient technique for predicting self-compatibility in segregating progenies. A novel band in two derivatives of ’Ferrastar’ was ascribed to a new incompatibility allele, S 10 .
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051299
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  • 22
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    Division of labor in a dynamic environment: response by honeybees (Apis mellifera) to graded changes in colony pollen stores (1999)
    Springer
    Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 46 (1999), S. 171-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0762
    Keywords: Key words Honeybee ; Apis mellifera ; Division of labor ; Genetics ; Pollen foraging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  A fundamental requirement of task regulation in social groups is that it must allow colony flexibility. We tested assumptions of three task regulation models for how honeybee colonies respond to graded changes in need for a specific task, pollen foraging. We gradually changed colony pollen stores and measured behavioral and genotypic changes in the foraging population. Colonies did not respond in a graded manner, but in six of seven cases showed a stepwise change in foraging activity as pollen storage levels moved beyond a set point. Changes in colony performance resulted from changes in recruitment of new foragers to pollen collection, rather than from changes in individual foraging effort. Where we were able to track genotypic variation, increases in pollen foraging were accompanied by a corresponding increase in the genotypic diversity of pollen foragers. Our data support previous findings that genotypic variation plays an important role in task regulation. However, the stepwise change in colony behavior suggests that colony foraging flexibility is best explained by an integrated model incorporating genotypic variation in task choice, but in which colony response is amplified by social interactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002650050607
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  • 23
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    Dirhodium Tetra(N-arylsulfonylprolinates) as Chiral Catalysts For Asymmetric Transformations of Vinyl- and Aryldiazoacetates (1999)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1999 (1999), S. 2459-2469 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Asymmetric synthesis ; C-H activation ; Carbenoids ; Cycloaddition ; Rhodium ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Rhodium(II( prolinates are superb catalysts for asymmetric transformations of vinyldiazoacetates and phenyldiazoacetates. The most well-developed transformation is the [3 + 4] annulation between vinyldiazoacetates and dienes which is a very general method for the stereoselective synthesis of highly functionalized seven-membered rings. Recent studies have led to a general method for asymmetric intermolecular C-H activation which displays promising regio- and diastereocontrol in addition to the enantiocontrol.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    High molecular weight poly-L-proline: Synthesis and physical-chemical studiesThis is “Polypeptides. XLI.” For the preceding paper in this series see A. J. Alder, G. D. Fasman, and E. R. Blout, J. Am. Chem. Soc., in press.This work has been supported by the Office of the Surgeon General, Department of the Army.Presented in part at the 132 Meeting of the American Chemical Society, New York, New York, September 1957. (1963)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 1 (1963), S. 3-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Poly-L-proline in the molecular weight range 50,000-90,000 has been synthesized from L-proline-N-carboxyanhydride. The molecular weight obtained is dependent on the initiator concentration. The rate constants for the polymerization have been determined by measuring the CO2 evolution. By observation of rotation during the polymerization, it is possible to deduce the conformation of the polymer in the polymerization solution. It is concluded that the immediate product of the polymerization is neither pure form I nor pure form II. The differences between form I and form II of poly-L-proline have been further characterized by measurements of their ultraviolet rotatory dispersion and their ultraviolet spectra.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360010103
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    Modification of the reactivity of a small molecule by reversible association with a synthetic polymer. Inhibition of the hydrolysis of cationic esters by polyanionsAbstracted in part from a Ph.D. thesis to be submitted by J. A. Shafer to the Graduate School, Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn, in June 1963. Financial support of this work by the Office of Naval Research and the National Institutes of Health is gratefully acknowledged. (1963)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 1 (1963), S. 71-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The base-catalyzed hydrolysis rate of the cationic esters obtained by quaternization of N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine with phenylbromoacetate was studied in buffers and in solutions of partially neutralized polymeric acids. The polyanions were found to be powerful inhibitors of the reaction. This effect was interpreted as due to the association of the ester with the polyanion, from which the catalytically active hydroxyl groups are repelled. It is shown that kinetic data may be interpreted by a procedure similar to the Lineweaver-Burk plot to yield the reactivity of the bound ester and the dissociation constant of the polymer-ester complex.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360010108
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    Copolymers of L-proline and sarcosine: Synthesis and physical-chemical studiesThis is “Polypeptides. XLIII.” For the preceding paper in this series see E. R. Blout, J. P. Carver, and J. Gross, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 85 (1963).Presented in part at the 132 Meeting of the American Chemical Society, New York, September 1957.This work supported by the Office of the Surgeon General, Department of the Army. (1963)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 1 (1963), S. 99-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A series of high molecular weight copolypeptides of L-proline and sarcosine have been synthesized. Experimental evidence is presented which indicates that the products are true copolymers rather than mixtures of homopolymers. In contrast to poly-L-proline I, a copolymer of L-proline-sarcosine I containing approximately 50% sarcosine is soluble in water. Two molecular conformations of the copolymers, similar to those found for polyproline, have been characterized by means of infrared spectroscopy and optical rotatory dispersion. The residue rotation of L-proline has been obtained from the copolymers and is -250°.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360010202
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    Editorial (1963)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 1 (1963), S. 1-1 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360010102
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    Theory of the helix-coil transition in DNA considered as a copolymer (1963)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 1 (1963), S. 25-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The grand-partition-function theory of the preceding paper is used to derive expressions for the number of base pairs bonded in DNA with explicit consideration of the copolymeric nature of the DNA. The following features of the DNA molecule are taken into account: (1) the DNA's from different sources have different ratios of a-t and g-c pairs; (2) the a-t pair is weaker than the g-c pair; (3) the nearest-neighbor frequencies of the two kinds of base pairs are nonrandom; (4) the stacking energies (nearest-neighbor energies) of the various combinations of pairs may be different. An ensemble is constructed in which the features (1) through (4) are introduced by means of statistical weights on the various pairs and combinations of pairs, and an expression for the corresponding partition function is written. Expressions are derived for the number of bonded base pairs and the number of helical sequences.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360010105
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    Masthead (1963)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 1 (1963) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360010201
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    The presence in collagen of γ-glutamyl peptide linkagesSupported by grants from the National Institutes of Health, U. S. Public Health Service, A-3172, H-4762, H-3838, M-2565, M-2562. The material in this paper is taken from a thesis submitted by Carl Franzblau in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Sue Golding Graduate Division of Medical Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University. (1963)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 1 (1963), S. 79-97 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method is described for formation of hydroxamic acids by direct coupling, in aqueous medium, of hydroxylamine hydrochloride and the sodium salt of a carboxylic acid. The reaction is mediated by a water-soluble carbodiimide, 1-cyclohexyl-3-[2-morpholinyl-(4)-ethyl]-carbodiimide metho-p-toluene sulfonate. Using model compounds, the production of α-, β- and γ-acyl hydroxamic acids was studied. Hydroxamic acid derivatives of α-polyglutamic and γ-polyglutamic acids were also prepared. Dinitro-phenylhydroxamate derivatives were prepared and subjected to Lossen rearrangement, and the reaction mixtures hydrolyzed. Analysis showed that α-polyglutamic acid yielded as many molecules of α,γ-diaminobutyric acid as there had been glutamic acid residues in the form of the dinitrophenylhydroxamate, and gave rise to no ammonia and succinic semialdehyde. In contrast, γ-polyglutamic acid yielded exactly twice the molar quantity of ammonia as there had been glutamic acid residues in the form of dinitrophenylhydroxamate, and also gave rise to significant quantity of succinic semi-aldehyde but no α,γ-diaminobutyric acid. Since production of the latter is characteristic of α-glutamyl hydroxamates and production of the former is associated with γ-glutamyl hydroxamates, the results indicated that the side-chain carboxyl groups of either polymer retained their identities during formation of the hydroxamic acid derivative, and no interchange had occurred between α- and γ-carboxyl groups. These methods were then used to establish that gelatin of ichthyocol contains (per 1000 total residues) at least 20 residues of glutamic acid in γ-peptide linkage. Due to the incomplete dinitrophenylation of the hydroxamic acid derivative of the protein, gelatin of calf skin collagen gave a lower figure of 10 such linkages per 1000 total amino acid residues-a value which must be considered a minimum value. These results show that γ-glutamyl peptide bonds exist in collagen.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360010109
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    Theory of helix-coil transitions involving complementary poly- and oligo-nucleotides. I. The complete binding caseThis investigation was supported in part by Research Grant A-4283 from U. S. Public Health Service.Based upon a portion of a Ph.D. thesis to be submitted by W. S. M., Jr., to Brown University. (1963)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 1 (1963), S. 133-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A statistical thermodynamic treatment of thermally induced helix-coil transitions is formulated with the matrix method for an (ensemble) of system(s) in which one strand of a double helix consists of a homopolymeric polynucleotide and the other strand comprises a number of complementary oligonucleotides. Each oligonucleotide is considered to be completely bound to the longer chain when in the helical configuration and completely free from it when in the randomly coiled configuration. The case of partial binding; i.e., “dangling,” is treated in a later paper. Taken into account in both cases are intrachain “stacking” interactions between nearest neighbor residues and interchain hydrogen bonding.An approximate treatment of the characteristic equation of the formulation indicates that the reciprocal of the transition temperature (1/T0) is a linear function of the reciprocal of the degree of polymerization (D.P.) of the oligonucleotides. In the same approximation, 1/T0 is also a linear function of the negative logarithm of the absolute activity of the oligonucleotides. Transition curves obtained by exact calculation on a computer are presented for various degrees of polymerization of both the oligo- and polynucleotides. These curves show a sharpening of the transition with increasing D.P. of the long chain and the aforementioned reciprocal D.P. dependence of 1/T0.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360010204
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    Dielectric dispersion of polyglutamic acid solution (1963)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 1 (1963), S. 171-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The dielectric dispersion of polyglutamic acid (PGA) was studied in the pH range of 4-9.8. Three different dispersion curves were obtained. Above pH 6.0, where PGA has a random coil configuration, the dielectric dispersion is characterized by a large dielectric increment (ca. 450) and a relaxation time of 10-12.7 × 10-6 sec. Between pH 6.0 and 5.0, where PGA is in a transitional state with small viscosity, a dispersion curve with very small dielectric increment and also small relaxation time was observed. Below pH 5.0, where PGA has a helical configuration, the dispersion is characterized by a relaxation time of 10-12 × 10-6 sec. and a dielectric increment of about 120. The dipole moment of coil and helical forms of PGA were calculated by using Allgen's equation, and qualitative discussions of these dielectric properties are presented.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360010207
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    Absorption spectra of nucleotides, polynucleotides, and nucleic acids in the far ultraviolet (1963)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 1 (1963), S. 193-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ultaviolet absorption spectra down to 185 mμ are presented for a number of nucleic acids and synthetic polynucleotides in the helical and random forms, and of their constituent mononucleotides, as well as the corresponding nucleosides and free bases. A short wavelength absorption band is in all cases observed with a maximum varying between about 187 and 201 mμ. These bands are more intense than those near 260 mμ. The helical polymers show a hypochromic effect in this region of a somewhat similar magnitude to that in the 260 mμ region. Other spectral phenomena accompanying denaturation and degradation are described.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360010302
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    The inactivation of soluble ribonucleic acid by formaldehyde (1963)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 1 (1963), S. 209-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The inactivation of sRNA by reaction with formaldehyde has been reported as it occurs under various conditions giving differing amounts of secondary structure. The theory of inactivation of an active macromolecule by a chemical reaction is developed. Results obtained with a partially melted out secondary structure show that formaldehyde inactivates sRNA by a single reaction at any one of about ten sites, while reaction at other sites does not affect the activity of the sRNA. In the presence of Mg++ at neutral pH, a large proportion of the active molecules are completely protected against inactivation. From the correlation between the amount of secondary structure and the difficulty of inactivation, it is shown that at least a portion of the secondary structure of sRNA is essential to its amino acid acceptor ability. A comparison of results of various workers shows that formaldehyde does not alter RNA as drastically as other reagents and thus enables more discrimination between sites of reaction which are essential and those which are not essential to biochemical activity.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360010303
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    Editorial (1963)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 1 (1963), S. 295-295 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360010402
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    Infrared spectra and molecular conformations of D,L-copoly-γ-benzylglutamates (1963)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 1 (1963), S. 297-317 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Infrared absorption and x-ray diffraction measurements have been made of D,L-copoly-γ-benzylglutamate fibers (cast from dioxane solutions) with various D/L ratios and with various degrees of polymerization. It was found that each chain of these copolymers consists of a random coil portion and an α-helix portion and that the conformation of the latter is similar to the α-helix of pure poly-γ-benzyl-L-glutamate. It was also found that the fraction of the α-helix portion increases with the degree of polymerization of the copolymer. A simplified polymerization mechanism has been proposed for mixtures of D- and L-amino acid N-carboxyanhydrides. A model of the molecular conformation of the D,L-copolypeptide chains derived from this proposed polymerization mechanism is in good agreement with infrared, x-ray, and other measurements. Based on the results of these observations, we discuss the number of L- or D-residues linked in succession that is required for initiating the formation of an α-helix during the course of polymerization.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360010403
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    Optical properties of the poly-L-proline and collagen helicesThis research was supported in part by U.S. Public Health Service grants A5852 and 9202. Contribution No. 232 of the Graduate Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham 54, Massachusetts. (1963)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 1 (1963), S. 319-330 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Poly-L-proline I and II, polyphydroxy-L-proline II, polysarcosine, and collagen, as well as two model amides have been examined by far ultraviolet spectrophotometry. Absorption spectral data are presented. Neither in solution nor in oriented films of poly-L-proline I and II is there any indication of excition resonance splitting of the peptide absorption band. In collagen there is some, in the poly-L-prolines only minimal, hypochromicity. These observations, at least in poly-L-proline II, run counter to theory. Optical rotatory dispersion measurements in the ultraviolet indicate simple dispersion in collagen and poly-L-proline II down to at least 232 mμ. The Cotton effect (trough at 233 mμ) observed in α-helical polypeptides and proteins is absent. The implications of these findings are discussed.
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    Dilatometric and refractometric studies of the helix - coil transition of poly-L-glutamic acid in aqueous solutionThis work was supported by grants from the U. S. Public Health Service (GM-K3-3441, GM-10880, HE-06285). (1963)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 1 (1963), S. 359-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The helix - coil transition of poly-L-glutamic acid (PGA) in aqueous solutions was followed by volume changes, ΔV, and also differential refractive indices, Δn. The increase in ΔV or decrease in Δn upon mixing the sodium salt of PGA with dilute HCl gave three straight lines between pH 7 and 4, the two breaks corresponding to the transition zone observed by other physical methods. For the reaction: —COO- + H+ → —CO-OH, ΔV per mole of H+ bound was 11.4 and 11.1 ml. in 0.01 and 0.2M NaCl solutions, respectively. An additional conformational change of about 0.5-1 ml. per amino acid residue was observed for the reaction: coil → helix, after taking electrostatic interaction into consideration. This was probably due to the release of the water of hydration at the amide linkages when the polypeptide coil is converted into the α-helix, or even the occurrence of voids in the polypeptide chain as a result of imperfect packing of the atoms, although the origin of this volume change is still not fully understood at the present time. The volume changes as calculated from Δn by assuming a constant polarizability of the polymer was found to be higher for the association reaction than those mentioned above. On the other hand, the calculated ΔV for the transition was in fair agreement with those by direct measurements.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    Optical properties of chromophore-macromolecule complexes: Absorption and fluorescence of acridine dyes bound to polyphosphates and DNAThe work described in this paper was sponsored in part by the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission and in part by the Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California. (1963)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 1 (1963), S. 401-417 
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    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Dye-macromolecule complexes provide good models for the study of the effects of coupling between chromophores. In addition to modifications of the visible and UV absorption spectra of the dyes at small interchromophore distances, very efficient energy transfer has been demonstrated at longer distances. The probability of nonradiative transition increases with the number of excitation transfers so that an array of oscillators close to one another becomes nonfluorescent. The insertion of a dye molecule, acting as a trap for the excitation energy, in the highly ordered system of chromophores constituted by the purine and pyrimidine bases of native DNA has given results supporting the intercalation model of Lerman and providing an experimental approach to the problem of the path length of energy migration in the DNA molecule. The average excitation path length seems to be of the order of only ten base pairs, a result which can explain the lack of fluorescence of the DNA.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360010502
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  • 40
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    Sedimentation and diffusion of polyelectrolytes. Part II. Experimental studies with poly-L-lysine hydrohalides (1963)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 1 (1963), S. 473-495 
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    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The sedimentation, diffusion, and osmotic behavior of poly-L-lysine hydrochloride is examined over a wide range of ionic strengths and in solutions which range in relative composition from a swamping excess of added salt (suppression of charge effect) to salt-free solutions (maximum effect). The charge effect is found to essentially obey the theoretical treatment proposed in Part I of this work. The frictional coefficient of the macroion in salt-free solutions is comparable to that of the fully stretched chain. In excess of salt the friction is appreciably smaller, its magnitude not varying greatly with ionic strength. The molecular weight is determined osmotically and also from diffusion-sedimentation, with the charge effect suppressed by addition of salt or eliminated through the use of non-ionized forms of the polymer; a reasonable agreement is obtained between the methods. The influence of small ions on sedimentation is also examined. The secondary salt effect is found to be much smaller than that predicted theoretically; on the other hand, the substitution of different counterions in the absence of secondary salt effect gives rise to changes of the expected magnitude.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360010506
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  • 41
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    The initial reaction in strong-base catalyzed polymerizations of α-amino acid N-carboxyanhydrides (1963)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 1 (1963), S. 500-502 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360010508
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    Properties of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate. I. General considerations concerning the naturally occurring polymerPortions of this work were taken from a thesis by R. Alper submitted to the Graduate School, Syracuse University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Presented before the Polymer Division at the 145th National American Chemical Society Meeting, New York, September 1963. (1963)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 1 (1963), S. 545-556 
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    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Poly-β-hydroxybutyric acid has been isolated from two bacterial sources by two different procedures. Molecular weight and intrinsic viscosity for the two samples were vastly different. This was blamed on degradation occurring during polymer isolation. An optical rotatory dispersion curve for the high molecular weight sample showed a sharp increase in specific rotation at wavelengths less than 450mμ. From this fact and the reported optical activity of the monomer it is concluded that the polymer is stereo-regular. X-ray examination of the “native” and “regenerated” polymer yielded the same crystalline pattern. Electron diffraction and x-ray data on single crystals of the polymer indicate a fiber repeat of 5.9 A. The value can only be reconciled with some kind of helical conformation in the solid state.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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    Studies of the conformation of amylose in solutionPaper presented in part before the Division of Carbohydrate Chemistry, 140th Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Chicago, September 1962. This work was supported by a Grant from the Corn Industries Research Foundation. (1963)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 1 (1963), S. 527-544 
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    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: It has been suggested previously that water is a nearly indifferent solvent for amylose on the basis that the exponent a of the Mark-Houwink equation is very nearly 0.50 and the second virial coefficient A2 is extremely small. It is shown that such solutions do not show the expected precipitation on cooling and the temperature coefficient of the intrinsic viscosity is small and negative. It is suggested that water is both an indifferent and a nearly athermal solvent for this polymer. Various lines of evidence suggest the polymer to exist as a very stiff coil in this and in other solvents. Variations in the intrinsic viscosity and radius of gyration in various solvents show the importance of skeletal effects in addition to the usual osmotic effects. Application of the Porod-Kratky wormlike coil model leads to unreasonably short persistence lengths if the contour length is based on a fully extended conformation but large and reasonable values of the order 40-70 A. if it is assumed that the basic conformation is the helical one observed in various amylose complexes in the crystalline state. As was previously known, the specific optical rotation decreases sharply in aqueous solutions above approximately pH 12. Accompanying this change in rotation there is first a decrease, then an increase in intrinsic viscosity. This later behavior is strikingly reminiscent of the known behavior of polyglutamic acid in the pH-dependent transition from helix to coil. It is concluded that the conformation is that of a stiff coil with essentially helical backbone contour in neutral solution, and the decrease in rotation and in intrinsic viscosity at high pH results from a partial breakdown of the helical structure with a concomitant increase in backbone flexibility. The increase in viscosity and radius of gyration in extreme alkaline solution is probably due to a polyelectrolyte expansion of the polymer coil. Some other miscellaneous observations which are in accord with this model are also pointed out.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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    Masthead (1963)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 1 (1963) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360010501
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    Effect of hydrophobic bonding on the stability of poly-L-alanine helices in water (1963)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 1 (1963), S. 419-429 
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    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The Lifson-Roig theory for the helix-random coil transition in polyglycine has been modified to take side-chain interactions into account. The modified theory is developed specifically for poly-L-alanine which probably contains a β1-α4 hydrophobic bond. A conditional probability, expressing the strength of such a hydrophobic bond, is evaluated from the Nemethy-Scheraga data for the free energy of formation of the bond. This, together with the conditional probabilities for the states of the backbone chain, permit an evaluation of the partition function and properties of the helix-random coil transition. It is seen that the hydrophobic bond renders the poly-L-alanine helix much more stable than the corresponding polyglycine one, in agreement with data obtained by Gratzer and Doty.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360010503
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    Polynucleotides. VI. Molecular properties and conformation of polyribouridylic acidThe last paper in this series was by J. R. Fresco and J. Massoulié, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 85, 1352 (1963).This investigation was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation, the United States Public Health Service, and the American Heart Association. (1963)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 1 (1963), S. 431-446 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Optical, hydrodynamic, and titration properties of polyribouridylic acid (poly U) were investigated in 0.2M Na+, pH 6. Above 15°C., poly U was shown to be a randomly coiled single chain, devoid of secondary structure. There is no shear rate dependence of viscosity; molecular weight is independent of ionic strength; there is virtually no conformationally dependent hypochromicity; no anomalous optical rotatory dispersion; and no anomalous titration behavior. The dependence of the sedimentation constant and intrinsic viscosity on molecular weight was determined. Poly U was shown to be the most highly expanded of all synthetic and naturally occurring randomly coiled polynucleotides.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    Masthead (1963)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 1 (1963) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360010601
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    Synthesis of poly-L-lysine and poly-L-lysyl albumin via ∊,N-trifluoroacetyl-α,N-carboxy-L-lysine anhydrideThis investigation was supported in part by research grants (AI-04715 and 235103) from the National Institutes of Health, United States Public Health Service. (1963)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 1 (1963), S. 517-525 
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    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Free poly-L-lysine base has been synthesized from ∊,N-trifluoroacetyl-α,N-carboxy-L-lysine anhydride via poly-∊,N-trifluoroacetyl-L-lysine (IV). No racemization occurred during the removal of trifluoroacetyl groups from IV with 1M piperidine. Measurements of optical rotatory dispersion suggest that IV exists in methanol in a helical form. The synthesis of poly-L-lysyl rabbit serum albumin is also described.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360010603
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    Hydantoine, Thiohydantoine, Glykocyamidine, XII. Über die Kondensation von Benzil mit Guanidin und n-Butylguanidin (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 168-173 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die basenkatalysierte Kondensation von Benzil mit Guanidin oder n-Butyl-guanidin führt nebeneinander zu 55-Diphenyl-glykocyamidin (Ic) und 7.8-Diphenyl-glykoluril-2.5-diimid (IIc) bzw. 3-(IIIc), sowie N2-[n-Butyl]-5.5-diphenyl-glykocyamidin (IVc) und 7.8-Diphenyl-glykoluril-2.5-bis-n-butylimid (Vb). Wie schon bei der früher untersuchten Kondensation mit Benzylguanidin, begünstigt Temperaturerhöhung die Bildung der Glykocyamidine, Temperaturerniedrigung die der Glykoluril-diimide, Erhöhung des pH im Medium die Bildung der N2-substituierten Glykocyamidine (bzw. mit Guanidin die des N-unsubstituierten Glykocyamidins), Erniedringung des pH die der 3-substituierten Glykocyamidine und Glykoluril-diimide.
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  • 50
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    Indole zum Vergleich mit Amanitagiften, III. Synthese einiger Methoxy-oxindole und -indoline (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 253-259 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Nach der Reissert'schen Methode wurden 4-, 5-, 6- und 7-Methoxy-oxindol synthetisiert und im UV-Spektrum verglichen. Drei dieser Oxindole wurden mit Propionaldehyd zu den 3-Propylidenverbindungen kondensiert, die durch katalytische Hydrierung in die 3-Propylderivate verwandelt wurden. Die Anlagerung von Butylmercaptan oder Thiophenol an die exocyclische Doppelbindung führt zu 31-Thioäthern. Das 4- und 6-Methoxy-oxindol wurde nach SUGASAWA u. a. zum entsprechenden Indolin reduziert. N-Acetyl-6-methoxy-indolin zeigt ein den Amanitinen sehr ähnliches UV-Spektrum.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960130
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    Alkali-Phosphorverbindungen und ihr reaktives Verhalten, XVII. Darstellung und Reaktionsverhalten des Äthylen- 1.2-bis-mono-phenylphosphins (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 279-283 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aus NaPHC6H5 und 1.2-Dichlor-äthan entsteht Äthylen- 1.2-bis-monophenyl-phosphin (I). Es wird durch Phenyllithium zu C6H5(Li)P -CH2·CH2-P(Li)C6H5 (V) metalliert, das mit ClCH2.CH2Cl bzw. CH3J das 1.4-Diphenyl- 1.4-diphospha-cyclohexan (VI) bzw. Äthylen- 1.2-bis-methyl-phenylphosphin (III) bildet. III ist auch aus Äthylen- 1.2-bis-[hydrogen-methyl- phenylphosphoniumjodid] und Natriummethylat zugänglich. VI gibt mit Schwefel ein Bis-P-Sulfid, das in einer cis- und trans-Form existiert.
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    Fluorphosphorverbindungen, IV Die alkylierenden Eigenschaften von Fluorophosphorsäureestern. Darstellung der Salze von Fluoro-mono- und -diphosphorsäuren aus den entsprechenden Alkylestern (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 288-304 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Äthylester von Fluoro-mono- und -diphosphorsäuren erweisen sich als starke Alkylierungsmittel. So werden Carbonsäuren in ihre Äthylester, Chlor- und Jodwasserstoff in die Äthylhalogenide übergeführt. Nach Entfernen der Alkylierungsprodukte können die den eingesetzten Estern zugrunde liegenden Fluorophosphorsäuren papierchromatographisch und durch Derivate in den Reaktionsrückständen nachgewiesen werden, besonders die noch nicht beschriebene symm. Difluoro-diphosphorsäuren. - Weiterhin werden geeignete organische und anorganische Salze durch Fluorophosphorsäureester alkyliert, wobei neben den Alkylierungsprodukten die entsprechenden Salze der eingesetzten Fluoro-phosphorsäure, u. a. die ebenfalls noch nicht beschriebenen symm. Difluoro-diphosphate, in z. T. guten Ausbeuten und großer Reinheit entstehen. - Das Difluoro-diphosphation P2O5F22⊖ ist in neutraler wäßriger Lösung relativ stabil.
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    Zur Existenz niedergliedriger Cycloalkine, IV Über die Tetramerisation des Cyclohexins (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 342-348 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Strukturen und Bildungsweisen der über 1-Halogen-2-Metall-cyclcohexen entstehenden Kohlenwasserstoffe C18H24 und C24H34 werden diskutiert. Herkunft und Konstitution zeigen auf, daß sich intermediär auftretendes Cyclohexin zum Octahydrobiphenylen III dimerisiert, das in Diels-Alder-Reaktionen Cyclohexin zu V und II zu IV addiert.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960142
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    Die Konstitution und Konfiguration des Samandaridins (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 143-151 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch eine röntgenographische Strukturuntersuchung wird bewiesen, daß dem Samandaridin, einem Nebenalkaloid aus dem Gift des Feuer-und Alpensalamanders, die Konstitution und Konfiguration IIa zukommt.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960114
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    Darstellung einiger B-Norcholestan-Derivate (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 152-156 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Methanolyse des 5-Hydroxy-3-acetoxy-B-norcholestan-säure-(6)-lactons (VII) führt in normaler Reaktion zu X und nicht zu einem Umlagerungsprodukt, entsprechend III (OH statt OAc), wie von DAUBEN und Mitarbb.1,2) angegeben. Ähnlich liefert Hydrolyse bzw. Äthanolyse die entsprechenden B-Norcholestan- Derivate VIII bzw. VI.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960115
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    Schwingungsspektren und Struktur der S-Alkyl-thiosulfate (Bunte-Salze), II. Primär und sekundäre Propyl- und Butyl-natriumthiosulfate (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 157-159 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Raman- und IR-Spektren primärer und sekundärer Propyl-und Butyl-natrium-thiosulfate werden aufgenommen und ihre Frequenzen zugeordnet. Die unterschiedliche chemische Stabilität dieser Stoffe steht in keinem direkten Zusammenhang mit ihren Schwingungsspektren.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960116
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    Zur Existenz niedergliedriger Cycloalkine, III. Bildung und Verhalten von Cyclohexin (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 329-341 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 12-Dibrom-cyclohexen sowie 1-Fluor-2-brom-cyclohexen und 1-Fluor-cyclohexen, deren Synthesen beschrieben werden, führte man auf metallorganischer Basis in 2-metalliertes 1-Halogen-cyclohexen über, das sich als zu kurzlebiges Gebilde in allen Fällen dem Nachweis entzog. Das sofort entstehende Cyclohexin erwies sich als sehr additionsbereit, wie die Folgeprodukte bei Einwirkung von Butyllithium einerseits und von Diphenyl-isobenzofuran andererseits aufzeigten. Der Chemismus der Abwandlung des Diels-Alder-Adduktes VII zu VIII und IX unter den herrschenden Versuchsbedingungen wird geklärt.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960141
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    Zur Kenntnis der 2-Mercapto-tetronsäure und ihrer Derivate (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 363-373 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aus 2-Isothioureido-tetronsäure (V) entsteht durch alkalische Hydrolyse 2-Mercapto-tetronsäure (VI), die sich unter intermolekularer Schwefelwasserstoff-abspaltung leicht zu 22′-Bis-tetronsäure-sulfid (VII) umsetzt. Aus den Alkalisalzen der 2-Mercapto-tetronsäure (VI) lassen sich stabile Acyl- und Alkyl-derivate darstellen. Die Oxydation von VI führt zum 22′-Bis-tetronsäure-disulfid (IXa). Die IR-Spektren stabiler 2-Mercapto-tetraonsäure-Derivate deuten -übereinstimmend mit dem chemischen Verhalten  -  auf die Enolform dieser Verbindungen hin.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960145
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    1.3.6.2′.3′.4′.6′-Heptaacetyl-α-D-cellobiose (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 385-387 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Eine brauchbare Synthese der 1.3.6.2′.3′.4′.6′-Heptaacetyl-α-D-cellobiose mit freiem 2-OH wird beschrieben. Die Struktur wird durch Mesylierung gesichert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960204
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  • 60
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    Über die Synthese neuer Zuckerderivate mit potentieller cytostatischer Wirksamkeit, VII 2-Chlor-2-desoxy-D-arabinose und -D-ribose. Eine neue Darstellungsweise der 2-Desoxy-D-ribose (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 411-419 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Synthese von 2-Chlor-bzw. 2-Brom-2-desoxy-D-arabinose und -ribose aus Diacetyl-D-arabinal über die Halogenadditionsprodukte wird beschrieben. Ausgehend von diesen Verbindungen wird eine neue praktische Darstellungsweise der 2-Desoxy-D-ribose ausgearbeitet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960208
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  • 61
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    Benzazole, XVIII. Glykoside des Benzoxazolthions (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 432-437 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Halogen-acyl-aldosen ergeben bei der Reaktion mit Bis-[benzoxazolthionyl]-quecksilber in Dimethylformamid N-[Acyl-glykosyl]-benzoxazolthione, mit Benzoxazolthion-natrium in Äthanol S-[Acyl-glykosyl]-benzoxazolthione. Durch Entacylieren erhält man freie N-bzw. S-Glykosyl-benzoxazolthione. Die Struktur der Verbindungen geht aus den UV-Absorptionssspektren hervor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960211
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  • 62
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    Reaktionen metallorganischer Verbindungen mit Chalkogenen, II. Bildung polymerer Phenylzinnsulfide aus Zinntetraphenyl und Schwefel (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 462-464 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Zinntetraphenyl reagiert zwischen 190° und 210° mit mehr als zwei Äquivv. Schwefel unter Bildung von Diphenylsulfid und polymeren Phenylzinnsulfiden, die umso weniger Phenylgruppen am Zinn enthalten, je mehr Schwefel eingesetzt wird. Oberhalb von 220° entsteht quantitativ Zinnsulfid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960216
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  • 63
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    Zur Amidin-Synthese von Franz Sachs (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 486-493 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Unter Verbesserung eines bisher nicht beachteten Verfahrens von F. SACHS, für dessen Verlauf ein Reaktionsmechanismus vorgeschlagen wird, werden 16 Amidine, darunter 7 noch nicht bekannte, dargestellt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960220
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  • 64
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    Mit Benzophenon photosensibilisierte Autoxydation von sek. Alkoholen und Äthern. Darstellung von α-Hydroperoxyden (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 509-516 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die durch Benzophenon primär dehydrierend photosensibilisiterte Autoxydation von sek. Alkoholen führt durch R-H-substituierende Addition von O2 glatt zu den bisher unbekannten α-verzweigten [α-Hydroxy-alkyl]-hydroperoxyden 2). Die Reaktion wurde auf die Darstellung von Ätherhydroperoxyden ausgedehnt. - Der Bäckströmsche Reaktionsmechanismus wird unter Berücksichtigung der bisher übersehenen Reaktionen modifiziert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960223
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  • 65
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    Reduktionen in flüssigem Ammoniak, XV Reduktion und reduzierende Methylierung von 1.4.5-Trimethyl-naphthalin und von 1.4.5.8-Tetramethyl-naphthalin (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 442-447 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1.4.5-Trimethyl-napthalin wird durch Natrium in flüssigem Ammoniak zu einen Gemisch von 1.4.5-Trimethyl-Δ6- und -Δ7-dihydronaphthalin reduziert. Die reduzierende Methylierung, d. h. die Umsetzung seiner Natriumverbindung mit Methylbromid, läßt nur ein Methyl unter Bildung von 1.4.5.8-Tetramethyl-Δ2-dihydronaphthalin in das Molekül eintreten. 1.4.5.8-Tetramethyl-naphthalin wird auf die gleiche Weise nur zu einem Gemisch ungefähr gleicher Teile von Δ1- und Δ2- Dihydroisomerem und ebensoviel von einem leicht veränderlichen Kohlenwasserstoff, vielleicht 1.4.5.8-Tetramethyl-isotetralin, reduziert; Methyl tritt nicht in das Molekül ein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960213
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  • 66
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    Cyanierte Anile und Nitrone aus aliphatischen und ar-aliphatischen Nitroverbindungen (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 494-497 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Wie aus methylenaktiven Pyridiniumsalzen kann man auch aus vergleichbaren aliphatischen und ar-aliphatischen Nitroverbindungen Nitrone und cyanierte Anile gewinnen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960221
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  • 67
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    Darstellung und Cyclisierung von α-Acyl-β-amino-thiocrotonamiden (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 526-533 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Addition von Alkyl-, und Acylsenfölen an β-Iminoketone bzw. β-Iminonitrile führte zu α-Acyl- (bzw. Cyan)-β-amino-thiocrotonamiden, die durch Dehydrierung zu 5-Amino-4-acyl(bzw. cyan)-isothiazolen cyclisiert wurden. - Aus einigen der genannten Thiocrotonamide ließen sich durch intramolekulare Kondensation auch 4-Mercapto-5-acyl-pyrimidine in guter Ausbeute darstellen.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960226
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  • 68
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    Über Einschlußkomplexe mit Decavanadationen (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 556-569 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Leitfähigkeitstitrationen wird gezeigt, daß das Decavanadation, V10O286⊖, Komplexe mit Kationen bildet. Die Komplexbeständigkeit hängt dabei wesentlich vom Ionenradius des Kations ab. Es wird angenommen, daß das Decavanadation etwa kugelförmigen Bau hat und einen Hohlraum besitzt, in den ein hydratisiertes Kation unter Bildung eines Einschlußkomplexes eindringen kann. Durch die Feldwirkung des Hydratwassers an Kation acid. Dadurch wird das Decavanadation zur Bildung höherbasischer Salze befähigt.  - Für die Decavanadinsäure wird ein Strukturmodell vorgeschlagen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960229
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  • 69
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    Intramolekulare Arylierungen in der Diphenylmethan-Reihe (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 765-770 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Diazotiertes 2-Amino-diphenylmethan und dessen 4′-Methyl-, 4′-Methoxy- und 4′-Chlor-Abkömmlinge werden in wäßriger Schwefelsäure thermische mit und ohne Kupfer zersetzt sowie photolysiert. Die mageren Ausbeuten an Fluoren und Abkömmlingen weisen nicht auf einen starken Substituenteneinfluß bei der Cyclisierung.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960315
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  • 70
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    Über den Einfluß des Ringstickstoffs auf die Reaktion der Pyridinaldehyde mit Diazomethan, III (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 798-801 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: β-Chinolinaldehyd wird durch Diazomethan in 3-Acetonyl-chinolin umgewandelt.  -  Bei der Einwirkung von Diazomethan auf 6-Methyl-pyridin-aldehyd-(2)] entsteht in Gegenwart von Methanol [6-Methyl-pyridyl-(2)-äthylenoxyd. In Abwesenheit von Methanol dagegen bildet sich ausschließlich 6-Methyl-;2-acetyl-pyridin. setzt man 2 Mol 6-Methyl-pyridin-aldehyd-(2) mit nur 1 Mol Diazomethan um, so entsteht 1.3-Bis-[6-methyl-pyridyl-(2)]-propanol-(3)-on-(1).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960320
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    Masthead (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960301
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  • 72
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    Äthinierungsreaktionen, XX. Über Alkindiole und Kumulene (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 1221-1228 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bei der Umsetzung von Alkinolen mit Ketonen in flüssigem Ammoniak oder Dioxan werden Alkindiole, bei der oxydativen Kupplung von Alkinolen mit Kupfer(I)-chlorid und Sauerstoff werden Butadiin- bzw. Hexadiindiole erhalten, deren monovalente Reduktion zu Kumulenen führt.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960508
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  • 73
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    Untersuchungen an Cyclopropanverbindungen, II. 2-Methyl-dicyclopropylcarbinol (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 1259-1264 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 2-Methyl-dicyclopropylcarbinol (I) reagiert mit Bromwasserstoffsäure praktisch ausschließlich zum 4-Brom-1-cyclopropyl-penten-(1) (II). Mit feuchtem Silberoxid wird quantitativ der Cyclopropanring zurückgebildet. Die Methanolyse von 1-Cyclopropyl-buten-(1)-ol-(4)-p-toluolsulfonat ergab zu 93% Dicyclopropylcarbinyl-methyläther.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960512
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  • 74
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    Darstellung von Percarbonsäure-tert.-butylestern über Carbonsäure-imidazolide (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 1281-1284 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aus N.N′-Thionyl-bzw. N.N′-Carbonyl-di-imidazol, Carbonsäuren und tert.-Butylhydroperoxyd wurden Percarbonsäure-tert.-butylester in 50-80% Ausbeute dargestellt. Dies ist die erste Synthese von Perestern, welche die Stufe der Carbonsäure-halogenide umgeht.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960516
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  • 75
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    Zur Darstellung der Silylazide (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 1293-1297 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Darstellung der Reihe der Organoazidosilane RxSi(N3)4-x(R = CH3, C6H5; x = 3, 2, 1) gelang auf zwei Wegen: 1. Umsetzung der entsprechenden Methylchlorsilane mit Natriumazid in geschmolzenen Salzen als Lösungsmittel; 2. Umsetzung von solchermaßen dargestelltem Trimethylazidosilan mit Organochlorsilanen in Gegenwart von Aluminiumchlorid als Katalysator (Substituentenaustausch). Weiterhin konnten erstmals gemischt halogen-pseudohalogen-substituierte Organosilane, CH3SiCl2N3, CH3SiCl(N3)2 und (CH3)2SiClN3 (?) erhalten werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960519
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  • 76
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    Untersuchungen über den Mechanismus der Osazonbildung in der Zuckerreihe, III. Fructosazonbildung mit an C-1 stereospezifisch T-markierten Fructosen (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 1285-1288 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch die stereospezifische Reaktion der Glucose-6-phosphat-isomerase werden die zwei möglichen Fructosen-[1-T] dargestellt. Die damit unter verschiedenen Bedingungen durchgeführten Osazondarstellungen zeigen: Die Spaltung der C—H-Bindung ist reaktionsgeschwindigkeitsbestimmend, die beiden Wasserstoffe an C-1 der Fructose sind bei der Osazonbildung nicht gleichwertig. Daraus lassen sich Folgerungen für den Ablauf der Reaktion ziehen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960517
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  • 77
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    Dialkylamino-phosphane, IV. Additionen und Substitutionen am Tris(dimethylamino)-phosphan, P(NMe2)3 (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 1308-1315 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: P(NMe2)3 reagiert mit Sauerstoff, Schwefel, Phenylazid und Schwefelkohlenstoff zu den Verbindungen (Me2N)3PO, (Me2N)3PS, (Me2N)3PNPh, Me2NP(SC(S)NMe2)2 und P(SC(S)NMe2)3. Die ME2N-Liganden von P(NMe2)3 werden mittels ÄtOH, MeCO2H und PhNH2 substituiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960521
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  • 78
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    Über Aromatenkomplexe von Metallen, LXIX zugleich Spektroskopische Untersuchungen an metallorganischen Verbindungen, XIII. Über eine kubische Modifikation des Di- benzol-vanadins(0) (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 1418-1423 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Das üblicherweise monoklin nach P21/c kristallisierende V(C6H6)2 wurde durch Umkristallisieren in organischen Medien unterhalb + 18° in einer kubischen Modifikation mit der auch bei Cr(C6H6)2 auftretenden Raumgruppe Pa3 erhalten. Kristallographische Daten des kubischen und des monoklinen V(C6H6)2 werden gegeben und denen der isomorphen Verbindungen Cr(C6H6)2 und Fe(C5H5)2 gegenübergestellt.  - Spektroskopische Untersuchungen zeigen, daß nicht nur im monoklinen, sondern im Gegensatz zu Cr(C6H6)2 auch im neuen kubischen V(C6H6)2 die D6h-Symmetrie der Benzolliganden erhalten bleibt. Angesichts der identischen Raumgruppe beider Aromatenkomplexe des Cr0 und V0 kann daher ein Gittereffekt nicht Ursache der Verformung der C6H6-Liganden im Cr(C6H6)2 zur C3v-Symmetrie sein.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960534
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    Synthesen mit vinylogen Säurehalogeniden, VI. Ringisomerisierung bei der Kondensation von Äthoxyalkyliden- 2-phenyl-oxazolonen-(5) mit aktiven Methylenverbindungen (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 1428-1435 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aktive Methylenverbindungen kondensieren in Gegenwart von Triäthylamin leicht mit 4-Äthoxymethylen-2-phenyl-oxazolon-(5) (I, R = C2H5O). Besitzen erstere eine zum Methylenkohlenstoff benachbarte, hinreichend nucleophile CO-Gruppe, so entstehen unter Ringisomerisierung 3-Benzoylamino-α-pyrone, z. B. XII. Fehlt eine solche, so bilden sich die entsprechenden aliphatisch substituierten Alkyliden-2-phenyl- oxazolone-(5).  -  Oxazolon-Struktur besitzen auch die Kondensationsprodukte von I (R = C2H5O) mit Enaminen des Typs IX (Formeln X und XI), und mit dem Phosphoran XV (Formel XVI).  -  4-[o-Hydroxy-aryliden]-oxazolone-(5) isomerisieren, wie Beispiel XIII zeigt, unter der Einwirkung tertiärer Basen zu 3-Acylamino-cumarinen XIV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960536
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  • 80
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    Beiträge zur Chemie der Thiophosphate, XIII. Zur Alkylierbarkeit des Thiophosphoryl-Schwefels in tertiären Thiophosphaten (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 1454-1464 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aus Trimethylthionophosphat und Antimon(V)-chlorid entsteht über ein 1 : 1-Addukt quantitative Tetramethylthiophosphatacidium-hexachloroantimonat, das auch durch Methylierung des Trimethylesters mit Oxoniumsalzen erhalten werden kann. Die Eigenschaften der neuartigen Phosphonium- Verbindung sowie weitere Versuche über die Einwirkung von Alkylierungsmitteln auf tertiäre Thionophosphate werden beschrieben.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960540
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    Masthead (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960601
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  • 82
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    Polyacetylenverbindung XLVIII. Die Ployine der Gattung Anthemis L. (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 1485-1494 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Untersuchung von ca. 30 Arten der Gattung Anthemis L. ergibt, daß im Hinblick auf die Inhaltsstoffe verschiedene Gruppen vorliegen In einigen Arten sind nur bereits bekannte, für den Tribus Anthemideae typische Inhaltsstoffe zu finden, während etwa die Hälfte der untersuchten Arten verschiedene Methyl-mercapto-Polyinester enthalten. Die Strukturen wurden vor allem durch ihre spektralen Daten geklärt. Die enge biogenetische Beziehung der Schwefelverbindungen zum weitverbreiteten Dehydromatricariaester wird aufgezeigt. Ein isoliertes Benzoesäureesterderivat steht offensichtlich in enger Beziehung zu den Polyinestern.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960603
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  • 83
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    Die Synthese der Homoisovanillinsäure und ihre Überführung in 6-Methoxy-isochiolin-Derivate (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 1520-1528 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Eine neue Synthese der Homoisovanillinsäure, die vom Isovanillin ausgeht, benötigt nur 2 Stufen und ergibt eine über 80-Proz. Ausbeute. Von hier aus kommt man nach den in der Isochinolin-Chemie üblichen Methoden leicht in die Klasse der 6-Methoxy-isochinoline.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960607
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  • 84
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    Über Isothiazole, IV. Substituierte 5-Amino-isothiazole und Isothiazolo[5.4-d]pyrimidine (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 1551-1560 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Oxydation der Anlagerungsverbindungen aus Carbophenoxysenföl und einigen anderen Senfölen an β-Amino-crotonester führe zu Isohizolen vom Typus der Anthranilsäure. Insbesondere erwies sich das 3-Methyl-4-carbäthoxy-5-[carbophenoxy-amino]-isohiazol als eine vielseitig abwandelbare Verbindung, die u. a. zur Synthese von Bicyclen verwendet wurde.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960611
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  • 85
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    Synthese und chromatographische Trennung von [8a-14C]Biopterin und [8a-14C]7-Biopterin (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 1395-1405 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch chromatographische Trennung an phosphorylierter Cellulose wurden Biopterin und 7-Biopterin erstmals in reiner Form erhalten. Im Gegensatz zum Biopterin ist 7-Biopterin im Wachstumstest bei Crithidia fasciculata inaktiv. Die Ausbeute ist bei der Biopterinsynthese stark von den Reaktionsbedingungen abhängig und liefert unter optimalen Bedingungen 7% Biopterin und 26% 7-Biopterin, bezogen auf eingesetztes 2.4.5-Triamino-6-hydroxy-pyrimidin. Die Radiosynthese der beiden pterine, ausgehend von K14CN, wird beschrieben. Ferner werden die Eigenschaften des 2-Amino-4-hydroxy-6-bzw. 7-[L-erythro-1.2.3-trihydroxy-propyl]-pteridins mitgeteilt.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960531
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  • 86
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    Electronic Resource
    Über Phosphin-alkylene als olefinbildende Reagenzien, VIII. Allenderivate aus Ketenen (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 1535-1543 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die aus Ketenen und Triphenylphosphin-isopropyliden erhaltenen Betaine III und IX zerfielen beim Erhitzen zu Triphenylphosphinoxyd und den zu erwartenden Allenen. Die thermischen Zersetzungen analog präparierter Phosphoniumbetaine X und XI hingegen verliefen unübersichtlich. Unstimmigkeiten früherer Literaturangaben werden berichtigt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960609
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  • 87
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960101
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  • 88
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    Darstellung und Umsetzungen der 2-Amino- äthylthioschwefelsäure (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 38-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Herstellung von 2-Amono-äthylthioschwefelsäure (III) aus Chloräthylamin-hydrochlorid und Natriumthiosulfat wird verbessert. Eine Reihe von III-Derivaten wurde durch Acylierung und Alkylierung gewonnen. Durch Behandlung mit Natriumsulfid gehen diese über Trisulfide in Disulfide über. Einige Disulfide wurden durch elektrolytische Reduktion in die Mercaptane übergeführt. Dieses Verfahren eignet sich besonders für die Herstellung von 2-Mercaptoäthyl-harnstoff. Enthalten die Acylierungsmittel aromatisch gebundene Nitrogruppen, so lassen sich die Kondensationsprodukte zu den entsprechenden aromatischen Aminen reduzieren. 2-Amino-äthylthioschwefelsäure und ihre Derivate setzen sich mit Formaldehyd zu Thiazolidinen um.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960104
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  • 89
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    Ein neues Darstellungsverfahren für 2-Aryl-Δ1-pyrroline und 2-Aryl-Δ1-piperideine (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 93-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ein neues Darstellungsverfahren für 2-Aryl-Δ1- payrroline bzw. 2-Aryl-Δ1-piperideine durch Umsetzung von γ- bzw. δ-Aminosäuren mit aliphatischen Phenol- oder Thiophenol-äthern oder mit Phenolen in Polyphosphorsäure wird beschrieben.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960110
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  • 90
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    5-Oxo-1-thia-4-aza-cycloheptan-Synthesen (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 88-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Siebengliedrige Thia-lactame bilden sich bei der Umsetzung von α.β-ungesättigten Carbonsäureestern mit β-Amino-mercaptanen unter milden Reaktionsbedingungen. Diese Reaktion wird stark durch Basen katalysiert. - β-Mercaptocarbonsäureester lassen sich mit Äthylenimin ebenfalls zu Thia-lactamen umsetzen.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960109
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  • 91
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    Umsetzungen von 2-Aminomethyl-benzimidazol mit 1.3-Dicarbonyl- und α.β-ungesättigten Carbonyl-Verbindungen (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 130-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es werden Kondensationen von 2-Aminomethyl-benzimidazol mit 1.3-Dicarbonylverbindungen und mit α.β-ungesättigten Ketonen beschrieben.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960112
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  • 92
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    Electronic Resource
    Über heterocyuclische Methylenbasen, II Umsetzungen mit Arylsulfenylchloriden (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 174-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bei der Einwirkung von Arylsulfenylchoriden auf heterocyclische Methylenbasen entstehen, je nach den Eigenschaften des betreffenden Heterocyclus Mono-bzw. Bis-ω -arylmercapto-methylenderivate oder beide zusammen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960119
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  • 93
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    Aktivierte Ester der Glutaminsäure und ihre Verwendung zur Peptidsynthese (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 204-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Synthese monoaktivierter Diester der Glutaminsäure wird beschrieben; diese erwiesen sich als günstige Ausgangsstoffe für den selektiven Aufbau von α- und γ-Peptiden dieser Aminodicarbonsäure. Die aktivierten Verbindungen entstehen durch Veresterung der freien Carboxylgruppe N-geschützter Glutaminsäuremonoalkyl- bzw. -monobenzylester mit Chloracetonitril, Nitrophenol, Thiophenol und anderen Phenolderivaten. - Zur Gewinnung der sterisch reinen Cbo-Monobenzylester wird ein einfaches Verfahren beschrieben, welches auf der quantitativen Trennung des bei der Alkoholyse von Cbo-Glutaminsäureanhydrid entstehenden α-γ-Estergemisches beruht.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960123
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  • 94
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    Electronic Resource
    Organische Tellurverbindungen,V. Notiz über die Synthese asymm. Diaryltelluride durch Spaltung von Diarylditelluriden mit Grignard-Verbindungen (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 247-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960128
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  • 95
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    Electronic Resource
    Indole zum Vergleich mit Amanitagiften, IV β-Thioäther von Indolen und ihre präparative Entschwefelung zu Indolen (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 260-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aus verschiedenen Phenylhydrazonen von Acetonyl- und Acetaldehyd-thioäthern wurden durch Umlagerung mit äthanolischem Chlorwasserstoff mehrere Indolyl-(3)-thioäther hergestellt. Durch hydrogenolytische Entschwefelung der vom Mercaptoacetaldehyd abgeleiteten Indolyl-(3)-thioäther mit Raney-Nickel erhält man daraus im Pyrrolkern unsubstituierte Indole, die sonst nur aus den α -Carbonsäuren durch Decarboxylierung zugänglich sind.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960131
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  • 96
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    Permethylierung von Inosit und anderen Kohlenhydraten mit Dimethylsulfat (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 284-287 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bei Methylierungen in Dimethylformamid ist es vielfach von Vorteil, Dimethylsulfat an stelle von Methyljodid zu verwenden. Substanzen, die in Dimethylformamid zu wenig löslich sind, methyliert man in Dimethylsulfoxyd bzw. in Dimethylformamid/Dimethylsulfoxyd-Gemischen. Auf diese Art wurde Mesoinosit-hexamethyläther kristallisiert (Schmp. 18°) erhalten.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960135
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  • 97
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    Chromane, XIV. Die Hydrierung von 3α-Oxido-3-benzyl-chromanonen-(4) (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 320-328 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In 3α-Oxido-3-benzyl-chromanonen-(4) wird der Epoxydring mit Pd(OH)2)/BaSO4- Katalysator selektiv hydriert zu 3-Hydroxy-3-benzyl-chromanonen-(4), während die Carbonylgruppe mit NaBH4 selektiv zu 4-Hydroxy- 3α-oxido-3-benzyl-chromanen reduziert wird. Die weitere Reduktion der Produkte mit LiAlH4 ergibt 34-Dihydroxy-3-benzyl-chromane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960140
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  • 98
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    Zur Kenntnis von funktionellen Si-Heterocyclen, II. Neue Synthesen von Sila-dioxanen, -oxathianen, -morpholinen und -piperazinen (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 349-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Brommethyl-dimethyl-silyl-Gruppe reagiert in Gegenwart stöchiometrischer Mengen tert. Amine mit Alkoholen und Mercaptanen zu β-Sila-äthyl-äthern bzw. -thioäthern. In Modellreaktionen wurde die Übertragung dieses Reaktions-prinzips zur Synthese von ringförmigen Derivaten untersucht und gleichzeitig die Anwendbarkeit für die schon auf anderem Wege dargestellten SiN-Hetero-cyclen geprüft.  -  So entstanden durch Umsetzung von Brommethyl-dimethyl-silanen mit 12-Diolen, Mercaptoäthanol, Äthanolaminen und 1 2-Diaminen 6 gliedrige Heterocyclen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960143
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  • 99
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    Notiz über Tetraacetyl-[4-brom-n-butyl]β-D-glucosid (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 374-374 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: HgBr2 ergibt in indifferenten Lösungsmitteln mit Acetohalogenzuckern reaktionsfähige Komplexverbindungen1). Bei Verwendung von Tetrahydrofuran als Lösungsmittel tritt schon bei Raumtemperatur, auch ohne Zusatz einer Hydroxylverbindung ROH, eine Reaktion ein: Es läßt sich, wenn auch zunächst nur in einer Ausbeute von etwa 25%, das Tetraacetyl-[4-brom-n-butyl]-β-D-glucoside, Br-[CH2]4-O-C6H7O5(CH3.CO)4, isolieren. Demnach lagert sich im Endeffekt die Acetobromglucose unter Aufspaltung des Furanringes an -[CH2]4-O-an. Sicher geht die Reaktion über eine Reihe von Zwischenstufen, auf deren Diskussion aber vorerst verzichtet wird.Im Anschluß an diesen Befund soll untersucht werden, ob auch andere, Katalysatoren als HgBr2 und ob auch andere sauerstoffhaltige Ringe, auch der Kohlenhydrate selbst, analoge Reaktionen mit Acetohalogenosen ermöglichen.Dem Verband der CHEMISCHEN INDUSTRIE, FONDS DER CHEMIE, sind wir für Unterstützung dieser Arbeit zu Dank verpflichtet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960146
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  • 100
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    Über Lichtreaktionen, XIII. Über photolytisch und thermisch erzeugte Arylsulfonylimene; Nachweis des Benzoylimens als primäres Zerfallsprodukt des Benzazids (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 388-398 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Sulfoxyde und Thioäther fangen die bei der Photolyse und Thermolyse von Sulfonylaziden entstehenden Arylsulfonylimene unter Bildung von N-Sulfonyl-sulfoximinen bzw. N-Sulfonyl-sulfiminen ab. Bei der Photolyse von p-Toluolsulfazid in Methanol entsteht neben anderen Produkten N-[p-Toluolsulfonyl]-O-methyl-hydroxylamin (I). Benzazid, in Dimethylsulfoxyd mit UV-Licht bestrahlt, liefert als Hauptprodukt N-Benzoyl-dimethylsulfoximin (III). Bei allen untersuchten Beispielen stabilisieren nucleophile Molekeln aus dem Solvatbereich die Primärfragmente mit Elektronensextett unter Bildung der oben angegebenen Reaktionsprodukte.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19630960205
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