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  • 1975  (557)
  • Chemical Engineering  (390)
  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (167)
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  • 1975-1979  (557)
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  • 101
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transient kinetics of yeast growth in batch and continous culture with an inhibitory carbon and energy sourcePresented at the 168th Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Atlantic City, New Jersey, September 9, 1974. (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 965-983 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Growth and acetate metabolism by Candida utilis (ATCC 9226) is reported for both acetate- and zinc-limited cultures in defined media. Acetate concentrations were varied from suboptimal to inhibitory levels in both types of media in differential shake flask culture and in batch and continuous cultures in stirred fermentors. Transient responses of steady-state cultures to small or large additions of concentrated sodium acetate, or to shifts in dilution rate or inlet acetate concentration are compared with one another and with simple mathematical models of growth and acetate metabolism. Exponential growth was observed during unrestricted growth (differential shake flask and batch cultures) with both types of media. Addition of acetate during unrestricted growth always caused lags and for larger pulses, lower specific growth rates were observed after exponential growth resumed. Inhibition by high acetate concentrations was much greater in acetate-limited than in zinc-limited cultures. During restricted growth (steady-state, continuous cultures), high acetate concentrations again consistently caused growth lags but stimulated, inhibited, or temporarily stopped acetage uptake. Qualitative agreement between the predictions of a simple mathematical model of acetate inhibition fitted to differential shake flask data and the observed transient data was surprisingly good.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170703
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  • 102
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of substrate inhibition of exponential yeast growthPesented at the 164th Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Division of Microbial Chemistry and Technology, New York, New York, August 28, 1972. (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 943-964 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This work concerns mathematical modeling of the rate of microbial growth on inhibitory levels of nutrients as affected by pH, concentration of the nutrients, temperature, cultivation method, and method of data analysis. Candida utilis (ATCC 9226) was grown with sodium acetate as growth-limiting carbon and energy source in mineral salts medium in shake flask and continuous cultures to study inhibition by excess acetate. Differential shake flask cultures were grown at low yeast concentrations at temperatures (T) of 25 and 30°C, pH's between 5.5 and 7.0, and acetate concentrations (S) between 0.25 and 3.0% (w/v). Growth data were exponential with correlation coefficients greater than 0.995 in 49 of 56 experiments; the lowest correlation coefficient was 0.986. Specific growth rates (μ) determined by graphical methods showed only fair correlation with those determined by regression analysis. Both sets of specific growth rate data were grouped at constant T and pH and fitted to the three parameter equation, \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$\mu = \mu _m /(K_s + S + S + S^2 / K_i )$$\end{document}The improvement in use of the fitted equation instead of the mean value was significant with greater than 70% confidence in all (14 groups) and 90% confidence in only half of the data groups; the correlation does not improve with the increasing acetate inhibition at lower pH. Both defects in the model and insufficient data at each pH are responsible. A modified six parameters with hydrogen ion concentration(H+) as follows: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \begin{array}{*{20}c} {\mu _m = \mu _m /(1 + K_2 /{\rm H}^ + + {\rm H}^ + /K_1 )} \\ {K_i = K_I (1 + {{K_3 } \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{K_3 } {{\rm H}^ + }}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {{\rm H}^ + }})} \\ {K_s = {\rm Contant}} \\ \end{array} $$\end{document} Specific growth rates calculated with the six parameter equation matched observed values in all groups of isothermal data better than the means with greater than 99% confidence. The six parameter model adequately represents effects of acetate and hydrogen ion concentrations under constant or slowly changing environmental conditions and balanced growth; although better models probably exist. Thus steady-stste and transient continuous culture experiments agreed with many published growth yields, but specific growth rates could only be predicted qualitatively from the model fit to the shake flask data. The data and present models could be incorporated into published models for transient growth at low nutrient concentrations to correlate and perhaps predict microbial growth kinetics over a much wider range of growth conditions than now possible.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170702
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  • 103
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamics of mixed populations having complementary metabolism (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1065-1081 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The dynamics of a system of two microbial populations having complementary metabolism are investigated by means of simple mathematical models of growth. Complementary metabolism as used here means that each population produces a substance - not present in the initial or feed medium - required by the other for growth. The simple models indicate that (1) something other than lack of the substrate or growth factor produced by its partner must limit the growth of at least one population and (2) the coexistence steady state of such populations in continuous culture is not stable with respect to large perturbations, though it is stable with respect to a wide range of perturbations.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170709
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  • 104
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzymatic preparation of 20β-hydroxysteroids in a two-phase system (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1101-1108 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The behavior of 20β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in a two-phase system consisting of an emulsion of water with an immiscible organic solvent was investigated. The effect of several organic solvents on the stability, activity, and kinetic profile of the enzyme was considered. The most suitable system for carrying out the enzymatic reactionproved to be water-butyl acetate.The production of high quantities of 20β-hydroxysteroids in 100% yield using catalytic amount of cofactor was achieved by coupling the 20β-, hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and the alcohol dehydrogenase-catalyzed reactions.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170802
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  • 105
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of plant virus inhibitor by Phytolacca americana suspension culture (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1335-1347 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The inhibitory activity of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) infection was assayed with the extracts of various callus tissues derived from the intact plants. Phytolacca americana callus was selected as a producer of the virus inhibitor and its cultural conditions in suspension were examined for cell growth and the inhibitor production. A modified liquid medium containing twofold concentrations of all components in that of Murashige and Skoog plus 2,4-D (1.0 mg/liter) and sucrose (6%), but without any vitamins and glycine was chosen for production of higher levels of the inhibitor. TMV infections in tobacco, bean, and tomato plants were markedly inhibited by the introduction of the disrupted whole broth of suspension cultured P. americana.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170908
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  • 106
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Activation of alumina with bovine serum albumin for immobilizing enzymes (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1369-1372 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: No Abstrast.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170912
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  • 107
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glycosylation of proteins: A new method of enzyme stabilization (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1391-1397 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: No Abstrast.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170918
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  • 108
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New suspension culture system (Mini-AR) (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1467-1471 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A new suspension culture system (Mini-AR) based on the Stoke's drag law for suspended particles is described. This apparatus can be utilized for the maintenance of mammalian kidney cells in both short- and long-term cultures.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171007
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  • 109
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cell disintegration by rapid decompression (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1545-1550 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171012
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  • 110
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171101
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  • 111
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Substrate inhibition kinetics: Phenol degradation by Pseudomonas putida (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1599-1615 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A pure culture of Pseudoinonas putida was grown in both a batch and continuous culture using phenol as the limiting substrate. Of two substrate inhibition models examined, the Haldane function was found to statistically best describe the kinetics. The applicable kinetic constants were either measured (μM, KI) or estimated (KS) from the experimental data. Particularly in the continuous culture, wall growth was found to exert significant effects on the broth biomass concentration and phenol conversion, both of which decreased with increasing amounts of wall growth. These effects are opposite to those predicted by wall growth models and to experimental results of others using mixed culture (activated sludge) systems.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171105
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  • 112
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reversal of enzymatic hydrolysis: Rate and extent of ester synthesis as catalyzed by chymotrypsin and subtilisin Carlsberg at low water concentrations (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1627-1637 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Immobilized chymotrypsin catalyzes esterification of N-acetyltyrosine in a medium containing high concentrations of alcohols. The hydrophilic support and inclusion of glycerol protect the enzyme activity and allow catalysis to proceed in the presence of only 10% (v/v) water. The same equilibrium concentration of ester is obtained whether reaction proceeds from ester or from free acid. Hates of ester synthesis and hydrolysis are similar when measured under the same conditions, but are at least one order of magnitude slower than optimal rates of hydrolysis. Subtilisin Carlsberg in the free, unmodified form catalyzes ester synthesis at even lower water concentrations; optimal rates are obtained at 5-15% H2O.Hydrolytic enzymes can thus be utilized as catalysts of synthesis reactions in nonaqueous solvents where synthesis is thermodynamically favored over hydrolysis; in some cases this may provide economic and/or energetic advantages over conventional techniques.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171107
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  • 113
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immobilization of lactase on carbon (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1695-1696 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171111
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  • 114
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of methanol, formaldehyde, and formic acid on growth of Candida boidinii 11 Bh (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1717-1728 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The dependence of the specific growth rate of Candida boidinii 11 Bh on methanol concentration follows Monod-type kinetics only in a narrow concentration range (0-0.8% v/v), with a saturation constant of about 19 mmol. With a further increase in methanol concentration of up to 3% v/v, the specific growth rate remains constant. Beyond this level, the growth rate gradually drops to zero, reaching the threshold value at 7.8% v/v. The specific growth rate is also strongly dependent on the size of the inoculum. The biomass yield decreases with an increase in the methanol concentration. Formaldehyde and formic acid, oxidative products of methanol, approximately 100 and ten times, respectively, more toxic to growth than the original substrate.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171203
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  • 115
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The yields of extracted protein and of residual fiber from potato haulm taken as a by-product (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1775-1782 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In July the yield of protein extractable from potato haulm could be 600 kg/ha and the beginning of September it is 200 kg/ha. The yield of fiber containing 1 to 2% N is less affected by maturity. The annual waste of extractable protein, suitable for feeding nonruminants, is about 60,000 tons. The contribution that some small changes in conventional potato husbandry might make to minimizing this waste is discussed.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171207
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  • 116
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Profiles for pH, temperature, and dissolved O2 levels in enzyme production: Monitoring in small-scale fermentorsPresented at the American Chemical Society Meeting, Chicago, Illinois, August 26-31, 1973 (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1839-1845 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171215
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  • 117
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of the Dyna-Cell vessel for production of surface-substrate dependent cells (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1847-1852 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171216
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  • 118
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Continuous Cellulase Production (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Trichoderma viride QM 9414 growth characteristics on glucose were investigated in single stage continuous stirred tank reactor operation and growth parameters μmax, Ks, QO2 identified. Multistage stirred tank fermentors in series with the first stage utilizing glucose and the subsequent stages utilizing cellulose yielded results in general agreement with theoretical predictions. Significant increase in enzyme productivity over single stage fermentation was obtained in multistage operation.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170102
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  • 119
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cofactor recycling in an enzyme reactor. A comparison Using free and immobilized dehydrogenases with free and immobilized NAD (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 51-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The requirements for enzymic cofactor recycling have been investigated in a system employing alcohol and lactate dehydrogenases. The interactions of various combinations of free dehydrogenases or dehydrogenases immobilized either to the same or separate supports, with free NAD, a soluble highmolecular weight derivative of NAD or an insoluble derivative of NAD have been examined.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170105
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  • 120
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microbiological studies on the formation of gramicidin S synthetases (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 129-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Rapid and extensive growth of Bacillus brevis ATCC 9999 was obtained in a complex medium containing yeast extract and peptone. Gramicidin S (GS) production in this medium reached 2.5 g/liter and 0.25 g/g dry cell weight. GS synthetase I production was also high in this complex medium. Chemically defined media were also developed for this strain. In a glycerol-ammonium sulfate-Tris-salts medium, the culture grew about 40% as well (rate and extent) as in complex medium. Although GS production was low (0.23 g GS/liter), peak specific activity of GS synthetase I was as high as on complex medium. Nutritional experiments showed that growth was stimulated by glutamine, methionine, proline, arginine, and histidine. Addition of these amino acids almost doubled the rate and extent of growth and GS production on a volumetric basis. However the increase in GS was due merely to the increased cell density; GS synthetase I specific activity was in fact decreased by the supplement. Complex medium is better than defined medium for GS and GS synthetase production due to increased cell density and a slower rate of synthetase disappearance.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170111
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  • 121
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170201
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  • 122
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzymes immobilized on alumina and stainless steel supports (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 203-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Enzymes can be sorbed on inorganic carriers followed by crosslinking with glutaraldehyde. In some cases superior results are obtained when the support is precoated with a porous layer of titanium oxide. Immobilized lactase prepared in this way retains essentially all its activity when stored under water at 23°C for long periods of time and loses activity only slowly while treating cheese whey at 55°C over the course of several weeks contact time. Furthermore, catalyst activity is unaffected by frequent sanitization. Optimum pH for these immobilized-lactase catalysts (enzyme produced from A. niger) is about 3.0 and optimum temperature is about 60°C. Amyloglucosidase catalase, L-asparaginase, and trypsin have also been immobilized by these techniques.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170206
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  • 123
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some experiments and analysis of a predator-prey model: Interaction between Colpidium campylum and Alcaligenes faecalis in continuous and mixed culture (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 167-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Following previous work in which a mass and monoxenous culture of Vorticella microstoma had been successfully established (Water Res., 7, 615 lpar;1973) another species of Ciliata, Colpidium campylum was subjected to continuous cultivation using Alcaligenes faecalis as the sole bacterial food and asparagine as the limiting substrate. This work was primarily undertaken to reveal the interaction and biological oscillation between these two types of organisms which simulate theecological behavior of activated sludge.The fact that the bacteria tended to flocculate and/ or deflocculate depending on the protozoan populastion density was incorporated into the rate equations to account for the oscillation in individual population density of the predator-prey system The mathematical approach presented earlier by canal and other workers forbiological oscillation used a homogeneously of the bacterial food wasoverelooked in the earlier publication.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170204
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  • 124
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A harvest valve for continuous fermenters (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 277-278 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170213
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  • 125
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Shear modification of enzyme kinetics (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 299-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: No Asbtract.
    Additional Material: 23 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170218
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  • 126
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lactase and other enzymes bound to chitin with glutaraldehyde (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 315-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Acid tolerant lactase (I), α-chymotrypsin (II), and acid phosphatase (III) were immobilized on chitin with glutaraldehyde. Pretreatments of the chit in with acid, alkali, ammonia, and pronase were compared with respect to release of titratable amino groups and ability to retain lactase activity. Shrimp chitin appeared to be more sensitive to pretreatment conditions and so effort was concentrated on crab. An acid-alkali pretreatment was selected as most practical and economical, and the properties of enzymes fixed on crab chitin were studied intensively. The pH optima of the fixed enzymes were shifted about one pH unit; the shift for I was toward more acid pH, for II was toward alkaline pH, and for III was toward acid pH. The retained activity of immobilized I was approximately 60% that of the native enzyme. A column in continuous operation with I on chitin-glutaraldehyde gave an apparent activity half-life of 27 days.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170303
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  • 127
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    Models for the continuous culture of microorganisms under both oxygen and carbon limiting conditions (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 375-398 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Two models for predicting the behavior of cultures of microorganisms under both oxygen and carbon limiting conditions have been evlauated on a chemostat growing Candida utilis on a glycolysis suppressing glycerol medium. The work indicated that parameter values obtained under wholly oxygen limiting or wholly carbon limiting conditions successfully predict the behavior of the chemostat under the wide range of flow and substrate concentration conditions tested. Both models are satisfactory and hence it is deduced that the simpler one may be used with confidence. It was found that Monod kinetics were applicable to the growth rate dependence on oxygen concentration but that Contois kinetics were superior for the corresponding dependence on carbon substrate concentration.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170307
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  • 128
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    Degradation of polysaccharides by endo and exo enzymes: A theoretical analysis (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 433-439 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170311
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  • 129
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    Enzyme-coupled ultrafiltration membranes (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 445-449 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170313
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  • 130
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    The design of stirred reactors with hollow fiber catalysts for Michaelis-Menten kinetics (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 99-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A method of calculating the conversion in Rony's hollow fiber reactor is outlined. It, is assumed that, the kinetics are of Michaelis-Menten type and that diffusion within the hollow fiber, as well as through its wall, should be taken into account. The normalization of the Thiele modulus suffices to unify the treatment of internal diffusion and the pseudosteady state hypothesis is found to be valid under almost all conditions.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170108
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  • 131
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    Preparation of immobilized enzymes from acrylic monomers under γ-ray irradiation (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 119-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Immobilized glucoamylase, invertase, and β-galactosidase were prepared by using 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate and dimethylacrylamide under γ-ray irradiation. In the case of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, the monomer-enzyme solution was changed to the gel by irradiation of less than 1.0 Mrad, but it was difficult to eliminate enzyme leakage from the gel. When leakage was eliminated by increased irradiation, the activities of the gels were very low. In the case of dimethylacrylamide, the monomer-enzyme solution was changed to a gel by irradiation of 1.0 Mrad; leakage could be eliminated by irradiation of 2.0 Mrad. This gel possessed very high activity. In the case of acrylic acid-sodium acrylate, the monomer-enzyme solution could not be changed to a gel. In preparing gels, high concentrations of enzyme protein had a tendency to obstruct gelation.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170110
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  • 132
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    Editorial notes (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. i 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170202
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  • 133
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    Solution of immobilized enzyme problems by collocation methods (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 211-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A method of solution to the problem of enzyme effectiveness factor has been presented. For a rapid estimation of the same, a graphical procedure is discussed which is sufficiently accurate for many practical situations. Applications to systems with rate dependent on position in the pellet and substrate and product inhibition is discussed. The case of concentration dependent diffusivity (facilitated diffusion) can also be solved by a simple transformation.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170207
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  • 134
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    Enzyme immobilization on macroreticular polystyrenePresented at the 166th american chemical society meeting chicago, illinois, august 1973. (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 253-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Macroreticular polystyrene beads may be converted into suitable supports for covalent binding of enzymes. In many respects the supports are physically similar to controlled pore glass (CPG). Our results for immobilized glucoamylase were very similar to published results using CPG as a carrier. The characteristics of immobilized papain were less satisfactory. The product exhibited a Z-shaped activity-time profile suggestive of the involvement of multiple mechanisms.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170210
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  • 135
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    Kinetic studies on insoluble cellulose-cellulase system (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1421-1433 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Enzymatic hydrolysis of insoluble amorphous cellulose by Trichoderma viride cellulase was investigated in a batch reactor at several substrate concentrations and three enzyme levels. The reactions were carried out at 50°C and pH 4.8. Enzyme was rapidly adsorbed onto solids on contact, then gradually returned to the liquid phase as the reaction proceeded. A kinetic model that considered the fast adsorption which was followed by the slow reaction, and subsequent product inhibition was developed to interpret the experimental observations. The resulting equation successfully correlated the data for up to 70% conversion. The methods for determining the kinetic parameters are discussed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171003
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  • 136
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    Wine fermentations using membrane processed hydrolyzed whey (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1443-1453 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A process for the utilization of modified whey syrups in wine alcohol fermentations is described. Palatable wines containing 10-12.5% alcohol were produced when various strains of S. cerevisiae var. ellipsoideus were fermented with hydrolyzed whey permeate syrups and grape juice concentrates. Experimental control of final alcohol and residual sugar levels in the wines by various chaptalization techniques is discussed. The possibility of utilizing this process in areas where both whey and grapes are abundant is mentioned.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171005
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  • 137
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    Effect of carbon dioxide on the formation of α-amylase by Bacillus subtilis growing in continuous and batch cultures (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1109-1118 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The influence of CO2 on the formation of α-amylase by Bacillus subtilis NCIB 8646 growing in continuous and batch cultures was investigated.Different levels of CO2 examined in the batch cultures stimulated the formation of α-amylase, with the highest activity being obtained using 6% CO2(V/V). The additions of CO2 inhibit the growth and division ofvegetative cells of B.subtilis when CO2 is present in a concentration of more than 3%(V/V).In chemostat cultures, air containing 8% CO2 (V/V) increased the specific enzyme productivity almost three times over the control, without affecting the cell growth.An attempt is made to correlate the obtained results withthe already established theory for the regulation of the α-amylase synthesis.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170803
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  • 138
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    Nitrate and nitrite reduction by liquid membrane-encapsulated whole cells (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1137-1156 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Purified enzymes and cell-free homogenates encapsulated by liquid-surfactant membrane have been shown to retain their catalytic activity (see previously published literature). This paper describes the preparation and properties of liquid-surfactant membrane-encapsulated whole cells of Micrococcus denitrificansATCC 21909. Batch and continuous studies with this model system have demonstrated that encapsulated viable cells reduce nitrates and retain their catalytic activity over anextended period of time. In batch operation, the reactivity of the encapsulated whole cells has been investigated under a variety of experimental conditions. The system is capable of reducing NO3- or NO2-. Data obtained indicate that encapsulated live cells have a broad pH and temperature optimum range. The encapsulated cells remain viable and do not “escape” into the external aqueous phase, even after five days of constant stirring with nitrate-containing simulated wastewater. Pulsed substrate addition experiments have demonstrated that the encapsulated cells also effectively reduce NO2- with no significant reduction in activity, even after 5.5 days of incubation at 30°C. The membrane selectivity for ion transfer has been achieved by incorporating oil-soluble ion exchangers in the membrane. Because of the protection of the liquid membranes, the catalytic reduction of NO2- by the encapsulated whole cells is not inhibited by 1 × 10-4 M mercuric chloride, which is otherwise extremely toxic to the cells, when present in the external aqueous phase. Continuous reduction of 20 ppm of NO2- by liquid membrane-encapsulated whole cells has been demonstrated in a constantly stirred reactor over a test period of about one week. In this paper we will discuss the reduction of NO3-and NO2- by the liquid membrane-encapsulated whole cells of M. denitrificansATCC 21909 mainly in batch runs undera variety of experimental conditions, such as cell and substrate concentrations, product and inhibitor permeation, pH and temperature, effect of oil-soluble ion exchangers on the substrate diffusion, etc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170805
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  • 139
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    Cellulase and protein production from mixed cultures of Trichoderma viride and a yeast (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1291-1299 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Fermentations with mixed cultures of the cellulolytic fungus Trichoderma viride and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae or Candida utiliswere examined. The fermentations were carried out in an aerated 5 liter fermentor with NaOH treated barley straw as the cellulose source (2-4%). Yeast was inoculated 24-32 hr after the fungus and the growth of the two organisms was followed through the production of CO2 and cell protein. In comparison with fermentations with T. viridealone, the production time for maximum yields of cellulases and cell protein was reduced by several days, depending on the straw concentrations. The protein content of the growth product was 21-22% and the amino acid composition of the product resembled that of T. viride alone.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170904
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  • 140
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    Adsorption of amyloglucosidase on inorganic carriers (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1323-1333 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A simple method for immobilizing amyloglucosidase by adsorption on inorganic carriers is described. Amyloglucosidase was adsorbed on acid-activated molecular sieve and on alumina. The immobilized enzyme preparations exhibited 50-100% of the initial activity and possessed high temperature stability. A prolonged working life span was achieved, which could possibly satisfy requirements for industrial application.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170907
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  • 141
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    Activity of acid phosphate as a gel layer on an ultrafiltration cellulose acetate membrane (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1365-1367 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: No Abstrast.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170911
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  • 142
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    Simplified flow reactor for electrochemically driven enzymatic reactions involving cofactors (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1379-1382 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: No Abstrast.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170915
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  • 143
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    Urease-collagen-ion exchange membrane (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1387-1389 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: No Abstrast.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170917
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  • 144
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    Hydrolysis of particulate tributyrin in a fluidized lipase reactor (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1401-1419 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Pancreatic lipase has been immobilized onto stainless steel beads by adsorption followed by crosslinking, and onto polyacrylamide by covalent bonding. The activities of the two types of immobilized enzyme toward the particulate substrate, tributyrin emulsion droplets, were determined experimentally, and rate constants based on Michaelis-Menten kinetics were calculated. The activity of the stainless steel-lipase was determined for various flow conditions and for various support sizes by the use of a differential fluidized bed recycle reactor. The rate constants calculated indicate that the experimental reaction rate is free from mass transfer influences, since the observed Michaelis constant does not vary with the fluidization velocity or with the support particle size. In addition, the Michaelis constant of the stainless steel-lipase was found to be equal to that of the free enzyme, suggesting that adsorption and subsequent crosslinking does not alter the enzyme-substrate affinity. The emulsion substrate mass transfer rates, calculated from the filtration theory, indicate that each substrate particle which contacts the immobilized enzyme is hydrolyzed to a significant extent. Theexperimentally determined kinetic rate constants may be used directly to predict the size of integral fluidized bed reactors.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171002
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  • 145
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    New mechanisms for the biosynthesis and metabolism of 2-keto-L-gulonic acid in bacteria (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1485-1514 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: L-Sorbose is oxidized to 2-keto-L-gulonic acid (KGA) via the following sequence of reactions which we call the “sorbosone pathway”: L-sorbose ⇌ L-sorbosone → KGA. The first step is reversible and is mediated by enzymes found in a soluble fraction obtained from Pseudomonas putida ATCC 21812. Although no cofactor requirements were found for the forward reaction, the reverse reaction clearly required NADH. Enzymes for this NADH-dependent synthesis of L-sorbose could be differentiated on the basis of molecular weights. The second step in the sorbosone pathway is catalyzed by a particulate enzyme found in extracts from P. putida and Gluconobacter melanogenus IFO 3293. The rate limiting reaction in the sorbosone pathway is the synthesis of L-sorbosone. In addition to P. putida, Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 27858) and Serratia marcescens (ATCC 27857) also contain the enzymes which catalyze the reactions of the sorbosone pathway. Two of the bacteria studied, P. putida and G. melanogenus, also contain an enzyme involved in the further metabolism of KGA to L-idonic acid. This enzyme, referred to as KGA-reductase, is found in the soluble fraction of cell-free extracts and is dependent on NADH or NADPH.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171009
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  • 146
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    Kinetics of enzyme reactions in the initial transient domain (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1551-1554 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171013
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  • 147
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    Extended Monod equation for batch cultures with multiple exponential phases (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1591-1598 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The batch growth curves of Laclobacillus delbreuckii exhibit several exponential phases. From the results of a series of shaker flask experiments, the position of the slope changes in the growth curve and the overall bacterial yield is affected by the initial amount of yeast extract in the medium. It is postulated that this behavior is due to several growth enhancing substances that are initially in the yeast extract and are consumed by the bacteria during the course of the fermentation. Using a Monod-type expression to represent the effect of growth enhancing components in a proposed growth rate expression, a mathematical model of the system is set up and solved on the analog computer.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171104
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  • 148
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    Thermophilic microbiological treatment of high strength wastewaters with simultaneous recovery of single cell protein (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1639-1662 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Simultaneous removal of organic materials and recovery of protein in the form of bacterial cells from a simulated high strength biodegradable wastewater was studied using thermophilic aerobic microorganisms. A naturally occurring mixed culture of thermophilic microorganisms was obtained from soil, wastewater, hay, silage, etc. A chemically defined medium containing glucose along with other essential nutrients was employed as the feed. The kinetic behavior of the culture was studied in a continuous culture at an optimum temperature of 58°C. Studies were also performed on the effects of solids retention time (SRT) on the observed cell yield and the protein and ash content of the harvested biomass. An economic analysis of the process or single cell protein recovery was given.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171108
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  • 149
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    Coalescence frequencies in Waldhof-agitated systems (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1697-1703 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171112
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  • 150
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    Interparticle mass transfer study with a packed column of immobilized microbes (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1729-1747 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The kinetics of whole-cell lactase of Escherichia coli immobilized in spherical agar gels was determined under the influence of interparticle mass transfer in a fixed bed reactor. The dependence of the pseudokinetic parameters (K′m and v′max) fluid conditions was in accordance with the prediction derived from combinedeffects of kinetics and mass transfer. Within the limited conditions of theexperiments, it was observed that the apparent Michaelis constant could be represented by the following simple equation, K′m/Km = 1 + (φ/kLa)(vmax/Km).The mass transfer coeflicient (kL) needed in the theoretical analysis was determined in correlation with particle size (0.12-0.45 cm) and liquid flow rate (0.30-12.0 cm/min) using the more stable enzyme, cell-bound invertase of Saccharomyces pastorianus, as the material to be entrapped in the gelatinous particles. The relationship was expressed in the following dimensionless equation, (1-φ)Sh = 2 + 0.6Re1/2Sc1/3, except that marked deviation resulting in the reduction of kL was noticed with a Reynolds number less than 0.8.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171204
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  • 151
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    Some properties of a protease (subtilisin BPN′) immobilized to porous glass (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1783-1795 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Subtilisin BPN′ was immobilized to porous glass via isothiocyanate coupling. The pH optimum of the enzyme was shifted to the alkaline side on binding. This effect was more pronounced with ethyl lactate than with N-tosyl arginine methyl ester (TAME). Presumably, the shift is a reflection of the negative charge on the surface of the glass. The Michaelis constant and Vmax of soluble subtilisin BPN′ with TAME were two and one orders of magnitude, respectively, lower than with ethyl lactate. Vmax, calculated per g of active enzyme, with TAME as the substrate was not affected by immobilization, while Vmax with ethyl lactate decreased greater than tenfold. The apparent KM decreased on immobilization with ethyl lactate as substrate and increased with TAME. Results are explained in terms of diffusional resistance and a possible attraction of ethyl lactate to the glass surface. Active site titration indicated that about 25%, of the immobilized enzyme was active.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171208
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  • 152
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    Bottom outlet valve for large glass vessels (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1827-1828 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171212
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  • 153
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    Bacterial cyanide detoxification (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 457-460 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170316
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  • 154
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    Further studies on the mechanism of cell disruption by extreme pressure extrusion (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 465-479 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The use of another air operated extreme pressure hydraulic pump fitted with either a needle valve or a simple microbore tube is described, together with the figures obtained for the soluble protein released from suspensions of commercially obtained baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). The theory of the mechanism is also discussed.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170402
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  • 155
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    Immobilization of enzymes by radiocopolymerization of monomers (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 599-605 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170411
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  • 156
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    Immobilization of β-galactosidase in collodion microcapsules (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 617-619 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170414
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  • 157
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    Symposium on animal cell culture and its applications (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 625-627 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170502
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  • 158
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    Behavior of subcellular marker enzymes during the Hela cell cycle (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 695-701 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Six enzymes associated with the activities of the nucleus (thymidine kinase), mitochondria (succinate dehydrogenase), lysosomes (acid phosphatase), peroxisomes (catalase), (cytosol lactate dehydrogenase), and the intermembranal mitochondrial space (alkaline DNase) were assayed at 2 hr intervals over the division cycle of repetitively resynchronized HeLa cells. The results indicated a high degree of reproductibility for cells synchronized by the method of perpetual resynchronization and may be of direct use to those interested in subcellular organellogenesis.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170506
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  • 159
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    Sucrose inversion by immobilized yeast cells in a complete mixing reactor (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 481-497 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Using whole cell invertase of Saccharomyces pastorianus, entrapped in spherical agar pellets, sucrose hydrolysis was carried out in a continuously fed fluidized bed reactor. The effective rate of reaction determined experimentally for the catalytic pellet was correlated with particle radius (R), intraparticle concentration of enzyme (Ep) and external concentration of substrate (SR).The results were elucidated by theoretical analysis incorporating internal mass transfer resistance. At high degrees of diffusional resistance, the effectiveness factor was successfully estimted from Bischoff's equation. A dimensionless number, mA = R(k2Ep/KmD)0.5(Km/(Km + SR)), was used conveniently to predict the effectiveness factor in those cases wher the intraparticle diffusional effect was less significant. This number was employed to determine critical pellet size for an optimal reaction.The relationship between the properties of the pellet (size and intraparticle enzyme activity) and its apparent kinetic constants (k′2 and K′m), estimated according to Lineweaver-Burk, are discussed.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170403
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  • 160
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    Dynamic response of a polarographic oxygen probe (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 527-539 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The dynamic characteristic of dissolved oxygen probes is usually modeled as being equivalent to a single diffusion layer. Other workers have shown that in response to a downstep in oxygen tension a polarographic probe initially follows single diffusion layer dynamics but that during the last 10% of response the probe deviates significantly from this behavior.Probe response to a series of downsteps of various magnitudes after exposure to calibration gases for 1, 2, and 3 min was recorded. When the probe membrane was new the response behavior was found to be largely independent of the step size as well as the exposure duration.The deviation fro the single diffusion layer model was explained in terms of lateral diffusion of oxygen from the anodic compartment to the cathode. By use of a model incorporating the lateral diffusion, probe response to a general oxygen tension-time function was calculated.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170406
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  • 161
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    Using multiresponse data to estimate biokinetic parameters (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 571-583 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Biokinetic parameters are usually calculated from slopes and intercepts taken from plots of experimental data. One response at an item is plotted and used for parameter estimation. Aside from problems that may be caused by transformations made when the data are plotted, this approach has the weakness of not using all the data simultaneously when there is more than one response. This paper shows how multiresponse biological data can be handled to get parameter estimates that are much more precise than those obtained using conventional methods.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170409
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  • 162
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    Kinetics of biosynthesis of polyene macrolide antibiotics in batch cultures: Cell maturation time (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 925-938 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The changes in several parameters of the candicidin fermentation (total, mycelium-associated, and extracellular product formation; growth rate; DNA content; glucose utilization; dissolved oxygen in the broth; and oxygen uptake rate) during the trophophase-idiophase transition are compared with previously reported data for the polyene macrolides, candidin and candihexin. The maturation time, tm, and the productformation rate constant, kp, have been calculated for each of the three polyene macrolides using a simple mathematical model. Slow-feeding of glucose, which resulted in candidin and candihexin overproduction has been shown to increase the polyene formation rate constant and toretard trophophase to idiophase transition (longer maturation time). The opposite effect is achieved by repeated feeding of soybean meal. The values of the maturation times and polyene formation rates obtained were used to predict the production of polyene macrolide antibiotics in batch cultures.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170611
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  • 163
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    Continuous lactic acid fermentation of whey to produce a ruminant feed supplement high in crude protein (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 997-1018 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A mathematical model was developed to simulate, on a digital computer, the continuous fermentation of whey lactose to lactic acid with neutralization by ammonia. The simulation predicted the retention times for experimental test and the use of two stages for greatest efficiency. In the experimental tests, Lactobacillus bulgaricus was inoculated into whey in a 14-liter continuous fermentor at 44°C and with automatic pH control. A series of steady-state conditions was managed nonaseptically for 42 days without evident contamination and with an actual increase in the efficiency of conversion. Lactic acid was produced predominately' throughout the period, with less than 0.2% of other compounds. The product contained approximately 8 times as much crude protein (N × 6.25) as the original whey. In a single-stage fermentation at pH 5.5, a retention time of 15 hr resulted in a residual lactose concentration of 0.7%; and little improvement was realized by increasing the retention time. Increasing the pH to 5.8 resulted in a significant improvement, but further increasing the pH to 6.0 resulted in only a small additional gain. By the employment of two fermentors in series at pH 5.5 with a total retention time of 31 hr, the residual lactose was reduced to less than 0.1%. Lactic acid was produced as a function mainly of maintenance rather than growth metabolism.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170705
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  • 164
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    Kinetics of a hollow fiber dehydrogenase reactor (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1029-1050 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A hollow fiber module was used as a reactor for conversion of ethanol to acetaldehyde in the presence of horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase as catalyst. Mass transport rates for NAD+, the overall acetaldehyde generation rate, catalyst effectiveness factors, and the overall order of the reaction with respect to NAD+ concentration were measured. A coupled-substrate reactor with continuous in situ regeneration of cofactor was also examined. Two substrates of opposite redox state were added simultaneously to the feed stream. NADH and acetaldehyde concentrations were monitored in the effluent stream. The cofactor recycle number, or ratio of moles of product to moles of NADH produced, exceeded 10,000 under certain conditions. While decreasing the NAD+ concentration in the feed stream decreased reactor productivity somewhat, it greatly enhanced the ratio of product formed per mole of NAD+ fed to the reactor. It is suggested that high cofactor costs in dehydrogenase reactors may be overcome with efficient in situ regeneration and secondary recovery and recycling of cofactor from the process stream.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170707
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    Masthead (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170801
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  • 166
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    Kinetic studies of mold α-galactosidase on PNPG hydrolysis (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1455-1465 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The kinetic properties of α-galactosidase of Mortierella vinacea were investigated in detail using PNPG (p-nitrophenyl-α-D-galactopyranoside) as a substrate. Consequently, the enzyme was markedly inhibited not only by the substrate, but also by the galactose hydrolized. The initial rate of reaction at sufficiently high substrate concentrations, however, did not fall to zero and did approach a finite value. Galactose behaved as a mixed inhibitor and was neither totally competitive nor totally noncompetitive. A rate equation was obtained from a generalized equation derived from a kinetic model which took both the inhibitions into consideration. The constants used in the equation were appropriately estimated. The calculated rate agreed fairly well with the observed initial rate. Moreover, the PNPG hydrolysis progressing in a batch system was found to be approximately representable by simple first order kinetics in which the rate constant was dependent on the initial substrate concentration.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171006
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  • 167
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    Enzyme immobilized in a packed-bed reactor: Kinetic parameters and mass transfer effects (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1515-1528 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: To describe axial dispersion, particle film mass transfer, intraparticle diffusion, and the chemical reaction of the substrate for enzymes immobilized in porous particles in packed columns, we have developed mathematical models for first- and zero-order limits of Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Steady-state solutions were derived for both long and short column boundary conditions and for plug flow. Theory was compared to experiments of hydrolysis of sucrose catalyzed by invertase bound to porous glass particles. Steady-state conversions were measured for a range of flow rates. Pulse response experiments with inert packing were used to determine values of bed void fraction and particle porosity.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171010
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  • 168
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    Masthead (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210101
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  • 169
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    Molecular rheology of polymer solutions: Interpretation and utility (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 1-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Molecular theories of polymer rheology are reviewed with emphasis on predictions of the more familiar properties: non-Newtonian viscosity and normal stress in steady shear, complex viscosity in oscillatory shear, and elongational viscosity in extensional flow. Both dilute and concentrated solutions are discussed, with emphasis on the former. An important objective is clarification of polymer modeling strategies and how they are related to polymer structure. The intended readership consists of those engineers familiar in a general way with continuum polymer rheology, but with no special expertise in polymer physical or theoretical chemistry.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210102
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  • 170
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    Porous-electrode theory with battery applications (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 25-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Developments in the theory of flooded porous electrodes are reviewed with regard to simulation of primary and secondary batteries, adsorption of ions and double-layer charging, and flow-through electrochemical reactors.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210103
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  • 171
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    Oscillating behavior on distillation trays-II (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 41-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper describes an extension of an earlier study on oscillations which can develop on distillation trays. The oscillations take the form of violent lateral movements of the gas/liquid biphase, and they are generally undesirable for good column performance. It has been found that lower density gases need higher velocities to initiate oscillation, and vice versa for higher densities. The predictive method for the onset of oscillations proposed previously appears to remain valid for the range of gas density covered, and for small hole size trays. The presence of oscillations has been shown to increase weeping significantly.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210104
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  • 172
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    Thermodynamic consistency using orthogonal collocation or computation of equilibrium vapor compositions at high pressures (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 49-57 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The numerical method of orthogonal collocation is used within a thermodynamically consistent framework to calculate equilibrium vapor compositions from P-T-x data for binary systems. The method may be used for isothermal or isobaric data in both the normal liquid and in the critical region, and it applies to any choice of standard states.To use the method it is necessary to have experimental or estimated values of vapor phase fugacity coefficients for both components in the mixture and liquid molar volumes (isothermal case) or heats of mixing (isobaric case). If vapor composition data are available, each set of P-T-x-y data may be checked for thermodynamic consistency by comparing y (experimental) with y (calculated). Illustrative calculations are given. The method is shown to provide an excellent procedure for obtaining Henry's constants from P-x data for systems with one noncondensable component.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 173
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    A dynamic method for catalyst diffusivities (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 58-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: It is shown that a pulse-response technique can be used with the Wicke-Kallenbach type of diffusion cell to determine effective diffusivities in catalyst pellets. The diffusivity is a function of the retention time of the pulse of diffusing gas in the pellet. Experimental values obtained with an alumina pellet agreed well with expected results for this type of material.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210106
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  • 174
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    Vapor-liquid equilibrium: Part IV. Reduction of P-x data for ternary systems (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 72-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Total pressure measurements taken for the ternay systems acetone-chloroform-methanol and chloroform-ethanol-n-heptane at 50°C are reduced by Barker's method and correlated by an equation similar to one proposed by Wohl (1953).
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210108
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  • 175
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    Vapor-liquid equilibrium: Part III. Data reduction with precise expressions for GE (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 62-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Through an empirical but rational appraoch to the development of equations to represent the composition dependence of the excess Gibbs function for binary liquid systems, it has been found possible to correlate VLE data precisely, even for highly nonideal systems. This makes possible the application of Barker's method to the reduction of VLE data on a routine basis. The validity of the method is demonstrated through application to several sets of data from the literature, and new experimental data are presented for six diverse binary systems in vapor-liquid equilibrium at 50°C.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210107
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  • 176
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    Flexible solutions to linear programs under uncertainty: Inequality constraints (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 77-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In most industrial applications the linear model used for optimization by linear programming involves significant uncertainties and inaccuracies in the model parameters. This paper presents a framework which allows uncertainties in the matrix elements of the linear program to be taken into account without requiring detailed knowledge of the statistical characterstics of these uncertainties. Three cases for the inequality constrained problem are considered: independent variations in the array elements, column dependent variations, and row dependent variations. In each case the problem can still be solved as a linear program. In the first two cases, the problem size is doubled, while for the row dependent case a finitely terminating cutting plane algorithm is constructed.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210109
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  • 177
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    Flexible solutions to linear programs under uncertainty: Equality constraints (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 83-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper presents a framework which allows uncertainties in the matrix elements of an equality constrained linear program to be taken into account without requiring detailed knowledge of the statical characteristics of these uncertainties. The results are derived using the model of the linear program with flexibility previously introduced for the inequality constrained case. However, because a feasible region common to all perturbed constraint sets does not exist in the equality constrained case, a flexibility set which intersects all perturbed sets individually rather than jointly is defined. The flexibility set is constructed by identifying a finite subset of all perturbed constraint sets which need to be investigated. Three cases for the equality constrained problem are considered: independent variations in the array elements, column dependent variations, and row dependent variations. In each case the problem is solved using a possibly large but decomposable linear program. In the first two cases, this program needs to be solved only once; while in the row dependent case an iterative but finite solution procedure is required.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210110
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  • 178
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    Synthesis of fault tolerant reaction paths (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 90-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The problem of synthesizing an optimal low risk reaction network from unreliable reactions is formulated. An expected cost criterion function for decision-making is derived both for the case of a continuously operating network of reactions and for the case of reaction paths that involve batch reactions. It is shown that in general the decision space has a nonserial structure and the search for the optimal path will involve use of network search methods. An example is given where the optimal reaction path is synthesized for deoxyribonucleic acid. This example demonstrates the decision-making strategy for a class of bath reaction systems.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210111
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  • 179
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    Thermal effects in gas absorption (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 96-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The transformation of the energy equation from the mass average to the volume average reference frame exposes a pseudo Dufour effect. The theoretical model for absorption into a stagnant liquid including this effect, the heat of absorption, variable density, an interfacial velocity, and an arbitrary equilibrium condition at the interface is able to predict experimental data over a wide range of conditions. The data consisted of liquid temperature profiles and mass transfer rates into a stagnant liquid. The ammonia-water system exhibited interfacial temperature rises from 6.9°K to 18.2°K. The interfacial temperature rise for the propane-decane system was 1.3°K. Simpler theoretical models were able to predict the mass transfer rates or the temperature profiles.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210112
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  • 180
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    Estimation of bubble diameter in gaseous fluidized beds (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 109-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Bubble size is one of the most important parameters in the design and simulation of a fluidized-bed reactor.A correlation of the bubble size and growth in fluidized beds of various diameters is developed. A maximum bubble diameter determined from the bubble coalescence is incorporated in the correlation to relate the effect of the bed diameter on the bubble size.Experimental data of bubble size reported are used to develop and test the validity of the correlation. The bubble diameters calculated using this correlation show good agreement with the observed bubble diameters.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210114
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  • 181
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    Mass transfer studies across liquid/liquid interfaces (use of an analytical ultracentrifuge) (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 103-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Experimental data have been obtained using an Analytical Ultracentrifuge, in regions much closer to the interface in immiscible liquid/liquid systems than have hitherto been reported. The water/toluene system was investigated with acetic and propionic acids as the transfer solutes. The direction of mass transfer was from the water to the toluene phase. The data derived from the study indicates that the maximum mass transfer flux in the water/toluene system occurs, not at the interface, but at regions further away from it and that the water/toluene system offers significant interfacial resistance of about 104 s/cm to the transfer of acetic and propionic acids. The water/n-butanol system was also studied and found to offer negligible resistance to the transfer of acetic acid across the interface.Diffusion coefficients for ethylene glycol, glycerol, and n-butanol in water were also determined with the Ultracentrifuge. The values derived in this study were reproducible to within 5% and were in close agreement with those derived from classical diffusion experiments.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210113
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  • 182
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    Two kinds of self-preserving size spectra of a cloud of particles (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 128-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The population balances describing the time dependence of the size distribution can, under some conditions, be trasformed by means of a similarity transformation into an ordinary integro-differential equation containing two instead of three variables. If there is compatibility between the transformed equation and the constraints given by the total mass conservation equation and the equation for the total number of particles, a self-preserving spectrum of the first kind can be obtaiened. There are, however, many situations such as the sintering controlled aging of supported metal catalysts, coagulation of colloidal particles in laminar shear flow, and coagulation of colloidal particles in a turbulent flow when the particles are smaller than the size of the smallest eddy for which, although a similarity transformation is possible, the transformed equation has no solution because of incompatibility with the above mentioned constraints. A second kind of self-preserving spectrum is suggested for these situations. The new variables are induced from a particular case for which an analytical result is available. A detailed presentation of the sintering controlled aging of supported metal catalysts is presented.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210116
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  • 183
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    Statistical thermodynamics of liquid mixtures: A new expression for the excess Gibbs energy of partly or completely miscible systems (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 116-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: To obtain a semi-theoretical equation for the excess Gibbs energy of a liquid mixture, Guggenheim's quasi-chemical analysis is generalized through introduction of the local area fraction as the primary concentration variable. The resulting universal quasi-chemical (UNIQUAC) equation uses only two adjustable parameters per binary. Extension to multicomponent systems requires no ternary (or higher) parameters.The UNIQUAC equation gives good representation of both vapor-liquid and liquid-liquid equilibria for binary and multicomponent mixtures containing a variety of nonelectrolyte components such as hydrocarbons, ketones, esters, amines, alcohols, nitriles, etc., and water. When well-defined simplifying assumptions are introduced into the generalized quasi-chemical treatment, the UNIQUAC equation reduces to any one of several well-known equations for the excess Gibbs energy, including the Wilson, Margules, van Laar, and NRTL equations.The effects of molecular size and shape are introduced through structural parameters obtained from pure-component data and through use of Staverman's combinatorial entropy as a boundary condition for athermal mixtures. The UNIQUAC equation, therefore, is applicable also to polymer solutions.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210115
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  • 184
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    Selection of decompositions for chemical process simulation (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 136-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A method has been developed for selection of the set of torn streams in a process simulation that leads to convergence of a direct substitution calculation in the minimum number of iterations. It is based on the establishment of families of decompositions, the members of each of which have identical convergence behavior. Explicit criteria for choice among families have been found that lead, in almost every case, to a single optimum decomposition family. These results have been verified by application to several chemical process simulation examples.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210117
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  • 185
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    Some fundamental aspects of spray drying (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 143-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Equations are proposed to predict the three-dimensional motion of droplets in a spray dryer, based on a knowledge of the characteristics of the atomizing device and of the gas flow patterns in the drying chamber. If the droplet size distribution produced by the atomizing device is known or can be assumed, the trajectories of the droplets can be calculated throughout the drying process and hence the evaporative capacity and thermal efficiency of the spray dryer can be predicted.Experimental verification of this theoretical approach was obtained from a study of the drying of calcium lignosulfonate solutions of various concentrations in a 122-cm diam. × 183-cm high laboratory circular concurrent chamber with a conical bottom where the drying air was introduced tangentially near the top.An experimental study of the effects of a number of operating variables on the capacity and the efficiency of the spray dryer was also carried out. These effects were interpreted in terms of the droplet trajectories obtained in each case.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210118
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  • 186
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    Mathematical modeling of atomizing scrubbers (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 153-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A mathematical model for predicting particle collection efficiency in an atomizing scrubber has been developed. The model solves the diffusion equations for both droplets and particles by using particle in cell technique. The effect of scrubber size and water distribution from various points of injection have been studied on collection efficiency. The results of the mathematical prediction agrees very well with the data reported in the literature for a wide variety of operating conditions and configurations.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210119
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  • 187
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    Prediction of unsymmetric convention liquid-phase activity coefficients of hydrogen and methane (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 157-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A corresponding states method has been developed to predict the binary parameter in the unsymmetric-convention one-term Margules relation for binary activity coefficients of H2 and CH4 in solvents. In addition to the solvent density, only characteristic volumes used previously for partial molar volumes at infinite dilution and pure solvent compressibility are required. Comparisons with experiment for nonpolar solvents indicate that use of the method is usually significantly more accurate than assuming ideal solution (Henry's law).
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210120
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  • 188
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    Electronic Resource
    Membranes with common ion pumping (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 160-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Liquid membranes containing a macrocyclic polyether can move or pump a specific cation against its concentration gradient. The cation flux is not proportional to the difference of the cation concentration but to the difference of the product of cation and anion concentrations across the membrane. The results are inconsistent with existing theories of ion transport, but can be explained in terms of ion pairs.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210121
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  • 189
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    A reasonable Gibbsian definition of the dew point and its experimental verification (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 168-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210122
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  • 190
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    Reply to Notter and Sleicher note (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 170-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210124
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  • 191
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    Diffusivity ratios in fully developed turbulent pipe flow (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 169-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210123
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  • 192
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A generalized isothermal equation of state for dense liquids (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 171-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210125
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  • 193
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    Unlike pair potential interaction force constants for hydrogen-light hydrocarbon systems (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 173-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210126
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  • 194
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    Electronic Resource
    Ignition on catalytic wires: Kinetic parameter determination by the heated-gas technique (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 176-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210127
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  • 195
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    On spatial formulation of the Orr-Sommerfeld equation for thin liquid films (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 178-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210128
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  • 196
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    Additional comments on the spatial formulation of the Orr-Sommerfeld equation for thin liquid films (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 179-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210129
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  • 197
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    Electronic Resource
    New methods for the estimation of the viscosity coefficients of pure gases at moderate pressures (with particular reference to organic vapors) (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 181-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210130
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  • 198
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    Holographic determination of local mass transfer coefficients at a solid-liquid boundary (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 184-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210131
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  • 199
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    An analysis of turbulent pipe flow with viscosity variation in the wall region (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 187-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210132
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  • 200
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Various types of instabilities on a falling liquid film (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 190-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210133
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