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  • 1985-1989  (462)
  • 1986  (324)
  • 1985  (138)
  • Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics  (462)
  • 101
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1177-1180 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The preferred conformations of the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) have been calculated by the global optimization method proposed earlier by us. [G. Subba Rao, R. S. Tyagi, and R. K. Mishra, J. Theor. Biol. 90, 377 (1981)]. The potential function used comprises the electrostatic, nonbonded, torsional and hydrogen-bonding terms. The results are in good agreement with the crystal structures of TRH. No intramolecular hydrogen bonding is found to occur.
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  • 102
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986) 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 103
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1139-1146 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 104
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1155-1164 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In a previous paper we have shown that the long-range potential generated by the two-center distributions can be written as a sum of two multipolar expansions centered at the terminal atoms and defined so that the two series of multipoles be minimal. In this paper we show that both charge distributions and short-range potentials can also be separated in atomic contributions in a way consistent with the above mentioned partition of the long-range potentials.
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  • 105
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1191-1208 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Several common basis sets, ranging from minimal to double-zeta, are applied to study the neutral singlet and triplet as well as positive- and negative-ion doublet states of cyclodisiloxane. The effect of d-polarization function exponents on the equilibrium geometries and energies is analyzed. The d-type functions seem to be essential in the basis set of silicon, whereas their presence on oxygen is less critical. The optimum exponents (with respect to SCF energy) are determined to be 0.45 for Si and 0.60 for O, very close to those recommended for the 6-31G** basis set. The best structural predictions are obtained with the 6-31G(2d, p) basis set, which contains two sets of d functions on the heavy atoms. The predicted Si—O bond length is 166 pm; the Si—Si and O—O distances are 237 and 232 pm, respectively, which correspond to an O - Si—O angle of 88.6°. The ground state is found to be a singlet. All higher states have longer Si—O bonds and Si - Si distances, whereas O - O distances are shorter. The energy separation between the singlet and other states is modified by electron correlation (MP treatment) by only a few kcal/mol.
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  • 106
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1209-1222 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Tests of the local-space approximation for electronic structure are carried out on a variety of hydrogenbonded systems. Regardless of size they are all found to be well localized in the sense of this approximation. For a local space defined by the valence atomic orbitals on X—H ··· Y, one obtains a bond energy within 6% of the “exact” full-space value. The potential energy surface and the electronic charge distribution are also accurately determined. In contrast with cluster models the local-space approximation satisfactorily accounts for long-range electrostatic and polarization effects.
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  • 107
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1277-1282 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 108
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1383-1396 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The present work reviews a systematic spectroscopic investigation of water in the single crystal K4Fe(CN)6 · 3H2O (KFCT) and its isotopic solid solutions. On the basis of precise polarization measurements of Raman spectra and infrared studies, the positions of the OH(OD) oscillators in the ordered crystal state (T 〈 150 K) are determined. Overtones and combinations of water vibrations in the near infrared region are studied that allow for the evalution of the coupling and anharmonicity constants of the modes. The isotopic dilution technique is used in order to investigate the influence of intra- and intermolecular interactions on the OH(OD) vibrations. Information about the distortion of the water molecules, as well as many correlations between spectral parameters of OH(OD) stretchings and structural characteristics of H bonds in KFCT, are derived. As a result, a complete picture of the vibrational dynamics and the structure of the crystallization water in KFCT is obtained.
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  • 109
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1397-1428 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The experimental technique of electron momentum spectroscopy (EMS) (i.e., binary (e, 2e) spectroscopy) is discussed together with typical examples of its applications over the past decade in the area of experimental quantum chemistry. Results interpreted within the framework of the plane wave impulse and the target Hartree - Fock approximations provide direct measurements of, spherically averaged, orbital electron momentum distributions. Results for a variety of atoms and small molecules are compared with calculations using a range of Fourier transformed SCF position space wavefunctions of varying sophistication. Measured momentum distributions (MD) provide a “direct” view of orbitals. In addition to offering a sensitive experimental diagnostic for semiempirical molecular wavefunctions, the MD's provide a chemically significant, additional experimental constraint to the usual variational optimization of wavefunctions. The measured MD's clearly reflect well known characteristics of various chemical and physical properties. It appears that EMS and momentum space chemistry offer the promise of supplementary perspectives and new vistas in quantum chemistry, as suggested by Coulson more than 40 years ago. Binding energy spectra in the inner valence region reveal, in many cases, a major breakdown of the simple MO model for ionization in accord with the predictions of many-body calculations.Results are considered for atomic targets, including H and the noble gases. The measured momentum distribution for H2 is also compared with results from Compton scattering. Results for H2 and H are combined to provide a direct experimental assessment of the bond density in H2, which is compared with calculations. The behavior of the outer valence MD''s for small row two and row three hydride molecules such as H2O and H2S, NH3, HF, and HCl are consistent with well known differences in chemical and physical behavior such as ligand-donor activity and hydrogen bonding. MD measurements for the outermost valence orbitals of HF, H2O and NH3 show significant differences from those calculated using even very high-quality wavefunctions. Measurements of MD's for outer σg orbitals of small polyatomic molecules such as CO2, COS, CS2, and CF4 show clear evidence of mixed s and p character. It is apparent that EMS is a sensitive probe of details of electronic structure and electron motion in atoms and molecules.
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  • 110
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1535-1554 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Potential energy curves for the lowest singlet and triplet states of Me + C2H4, Me+ + C2H4, MeO, MeO + C2H4, and (MeO + C2H4)+ systems for Me = Be, Mg, and Zn have been determined employing PP-MRD-CI or an all electron MRD-CI procedure. A binding interaction in the ground state has been found for oxides, all cation systems, and the BeO + C2H4 system. In the cases of MgO + C2H4 and ZnO + C2H4, only low lying excited states exhibit attractive interactions. Among three oxides considered, BeO is less pronounced biradically than MgO and ZnO. In order to obtain a binding interaction between an oxide and the olefin in the ground state, the p orbital of the metal must be sufficiently involved in binding.
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  • 111
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An ab initio LCAO-MO-SCF calculation was made on the proton affinity (PA) of methylsilane (CH3SiH3) by using STO-3G, MIDI-1, and MIDI-1* basis sets. Three types of protonated methylsilane are taken into account, and their geometrical parameters are optimized. The calculated PA of CH3SiH3 is 160.5 kcal/mol, which exceeds that of SiH4 by 11.5 kcal/mol. The protonated species (I) which refers to Si - C bond protonation is shown to be most favorable, and to be a weak σ-complex between CH4 and SiH+3. Other two species are also σ-complexes between H2 molecule and SiH3CH+2 or CH3SiH+2, and similar to CH+5, SiH+5, GeH+5, and C2H+7.
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  • 112
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1839-1839 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 113
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1841-1841 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 114
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 213-224 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reaction pathway of fulminic acid (HCNO) and acetonitrile oxide (CH3CNO) with methanol as a nucleophile (RCNO + CH3OH → RC(OCH3)=NOH) and the formation of H-bonded complex with methanol have been studied using the MNDO method. MNDO-SCF calculations were performed with complete geometry optimization using the Davidon-Fletcher-Powell method. The reaction pathways were studied by varying all the bond lengths, the bond angles and the twist angles, using the distance C3—O2(R) between the carbon of the 1,3-dipoles and the oxygen of the methanol molecule as the reaction coordinate. The reaction is exothermic and proceeds in two steps. The first step is the formation of a five-centered hydrogen-bonded complex (INT) and is the rate-determining step of the reaction. The second step involves the rearrangement of the H-bonded complex to the product, and this step requires a very small amount of activation energy. Thus, there is an intermediate on the reaction pathway, and therefore, the reaction is stepwise. Acetonitrile oxide is less reactive (activation energy 34.59 kcal/mol) relative to fulminic acid (activation energy 28.91 kcal/mol).
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  • 115
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 305-309 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The present paper considers a charge distribution with an axis of rotational symmetry and formulates a variational principle in prolate spheroidal coordinates by which an approximate solution to Poisson's equation may be obtained. The feasibility of the suggested approach is demonstrated by a simple example for which the exact solution is known.
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  • 116
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 433-436 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In this letter we show that the calculation of analytic second derivatives of variational potential energy surfaces with respect to nuclear coordinates is a minimization problem.
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  • 117
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 437-437 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 118
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986) 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 119
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1755-1774 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The symmetry properties of the mono- and bielectronic terms contributing to the Fock matrix in the ab initio Hartree-Fock treatment of periodic systems are discussed. A computational scheme which takes full advantage of the point symmetry is presented; in this respect, it represents a generalization of the scheme proposed in Int. J. Quantum Chem. 17, 501 (1980). Computational details and numerical examples are reported; it is shown that with respect to two of the bottlenecks of this kind of calculation, namely, computer time and backing storage required for the bielectronic integrals, it is possible to obtain saving factors as large as h and h2, respectively, where h is the order of the point group. Preliminary tests are reported which indicate that the study of relatively complicated systems, like quartz or corundum (9 and 10 atoms in the unit cell, respectively) at an ab initio Hartree-Fock level is now within reach.
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  • 120
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 7-18 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: It is known that the diagonalization of the exciton-phonon Hamiltonian gives rise to the composite exciton-phonon energy states. Within the single phonon approximation, two different diagonalized Hamiltonians are obtained for 0-0 and 0-1 phonon transitions in pure molecular crystals. The resulting secular equations are solved, and analytical expressions for the energy eigenvalues corresponding to the two transitions are derived. The thermal broadening due to the composite exciton-phonon states interaction is also calculated at low temperatures, and the results agree with experiments.
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  • 121
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 31-49 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The theory of mixed valence hopping conductivity is reviewed and prepared in a way suitable for quantum chemical calculations. Metallic conductivity appears as a limit case, if the thermal barrier for electron transfer is approaching zero and the orbital contact between the electron exchanging subsystems is large enough for adiabatic transfer. The theory is exemplified by calculations on the molecular crystal model and a model for doped polyacetylene. In the latter case it is possible to explain the decreasing thermal barrier for increased concentration of doping molecules as due to increased interaction between these molecules through the polymer chain.
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  • 122
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 51-75 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A theory of isoelectronic molecules which describes stable and metastable members of a sequence has been developed. To achieve this synthesis, it has been necessary to require that the total electronic energy surface E(R,Z,Z') for the sequence contain critical points - that is, values of the nuclear charges Z and Z' at which energy minimum, maximum [at Re(min) and Re(max)], and horizontal inflection points occur. For ground state sequences a primary physical source of these extreme points is the screened, coulombic repulsion of like-charged atomic centers in the diatomics. With this realization, we can write analytical forms that have the correct scaling behavior and which properly model the screened, coulombic repulsion for E along certain straight-line trajectories in the (Z,Z') plane. This leads to the observation that Re(max) values diverge logarithmically in λ-like transitions wherever the screened coulombic repulsion becomes small as the nuclear charges vary along those trajectories.At the horizontal inflection points the E surface contains A2 folds, as required by Thom's theorem for analytical surfaces containing one control parameter. Within the isoelectronic sequence molecular subgroups have been noted and explained in terms of the underlying atomic shell structures of the molecules' constituent atoms. Using input data for seven stable molecules together with the analytical surface selected for study, we have estimated the equilibrium bond distances Re(min), dissociation energies De(min), and harmonic force constants E(2)(min) for 18 other neutral and charged species.
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  • 123
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 97-107 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The geometrical and electronic structures and the 1H-chemical shifts of some conjugation deficient hydrocarbons and their benzenoid isomers 1-3 which consist of two concentric perimeters have been studied by means of semiempirical procedures. Conclusions on the importance of macrocyclic annulenoid conjugation are drawn from the bond lengths pattern and the proton shifts in these compounds.
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  • 124
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 109-118 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Theoretical calculations for polaron-type defect structures on organic conjugated polymers are carried out by Green's function and transfer function formalism. Firstly, the renormalization concept is applied to mathematically convert the polymers PPP, PPY, and PTP to an equivalent (trans-PA)-like form. Then, it is shown that Green's functions and polaron wave functions are readily obtained from the equations for trans-PA by the appropriate substitution of the renormalized parameters. It is suggested that the existence of defects such as polarons or bipolarons could be invoked to provide a unified treatment of electric conduction in organic conjugated polymers.
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  • 125
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 119-126 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new definition of the MO-LCAO effective atomic charge is proposed, based on the concept of the topo-logical atom A general equation for the MO-LCAO electron occupancy of a topological atom is derived. It is shown that the intuitively introduced Mulliken gross atomic population is in fact an approximation to the electron occupancy of the corresponding topological atom. An approximate semiempirical procedure for evaluating the effective charge and effective radius of the topological atom is discussed.
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  • 126
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 13-19 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 127
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 57-63 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Solutions to the many-dimensional analogue of the Schrödinger equation for the hydrogen atom are used as a starting point for solving the many-particle Schrödinger equation for systems with Coulomb interactions. It is shown that zeroth-order solutions can be improved by means of perturbation theory, which is simplified by means of a sum rule.
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  • 128
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 445-447 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 129
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 451-451 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 130
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Lipkin's method is used to rigorously transpose field-theoretic, self-consistent descriptions of Cooper pairs and Bose condensation of Lewis structures and resonance. The effective one-body equations can be simplified according to models of valence. The resultant self-consistent problem may require not much more work than the Hartree-Fock problem. The effort required for MBPT remains comparable to the Hartree-Fock case.
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  • 131
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 119-127 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 132
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 153-171 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A general computationally amenable chemico-graph-theoretic cluster expansion method is suggested as a paradigm for incorporation of chemical structure concepts in a systematic manner. The cluster expansion approach is presented in a formalism general enough to cover a variety of empirical, semiempirical, and even ab initio applications. Formally such approaches for the utilization of chemical structure-related concepts may be viewed as discrete analogues of Taylor series expansions. The efficacy of the chemical structure concepts then is simply bound up in the rate of convergence of the cluster expansions. In many empirical applications, e.g., boiling points, chromatographic separation coefficients, and biological activities, this rate of convergence has been observed to be quite rapid. More note will be made here of quantum chemical applications. Relations to questions concerning size extensivity of energies and size consistency of wave functions are addressed.
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  • 133
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A graph representation of terms in the gradient expansion of the kinetic energy density functional is presented. We briefly discuss the implications of the virial theorem for the graph structure and relations between possible graphs at a given order of expansion.
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  • 134
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 271-276 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Lieb and Thirring derived a lower bound to the electronic kinetic energy of an N particle system. Using an energy-density functional approach, and the Ne atom as an example, the present work investigates the tightness of the bound both in its original form and in its modified forms.
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  • 135
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 763-768 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A theoretical measure of molecular similarity based on ab initio computations of electron density derived from molecular orbital wave functions is first applied to a model series (CH3CH2CH3, CH3OCH3, and CH3SCH3) and then to the rings in a series of prostaglandins and to some histamine H2 antagonists. Comparison in terms of valence electron density seems to be a good basis for structure-activity studies.
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  • 136
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 791-797 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The effective pair correlation function g̃(N)(r1;r2) accounting for the contribution of the kinetic energy functional to the electron correlation energy has been constructed. This function possesses the asymptotic property g̃(N)(r1;r2) = 0 at r1 = r2 and provides an efficient formalism for a model description of the electron correlation in many-electron systems.
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  • 137
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 799-807 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Calculation of blocks of matrix elements between determinants associated with two fixed orbital configurations is very easy. A simple method to obtain the whole blocks and then transform them to the spinadapted basis is described. The method is suitable for many-particle operators, the number of operations to obtain matrix elements being independent of the number of orbitals or electrons. Some applications of the proposed algorithm, and possible extensions to eigenfunctions of Ľ2 and other operators, are discussed.
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  • 138
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 409-435 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In this paper, a method of generating separable forms of the wave-operator for incomplete model spaces is discussed. With a time-dependent access to the many-body perturbation and coupled-cluster theories, it is shown how one can extract the regular part of the wave-operator which consists of linked cluster-operators only in the adiabatic limit. The procedure naturally suggests a hierarchy of lower valence model spaces P(k). once a particular m-valence incomplete model space P(m) is specified. The wave-operator Ω and the effective Hamiltonian Heff are linked in this development and are valence-universal in the sense of being valid for all P(k)' s. 0 ≤ k ≤ m. We have derived two distinct forms for Ω: (i) Ω = {exp(S)}, with { } as normal order with respect to suitable vacuum, where S are open operators inducing transitions from P(m) to outside it; (ii) ΩN = {exp(S + X)}, where X are additional closed operators which are introduced to maintain isometry of ΩN: P(k)ΩN + ΩN P(k) = P(k). In neither of these choices do we have intermediate normalization. It is also possible to develop an alternative strategy with the complete model spaces, such that an effective valence-universal operator H may be found which generates roots, only a subset of which are equal to the eigenvalues of H. These subsets are the ones that Heff would have furnished. This may thus be viewed as a Fock-space realization of the intermediate Hamiltonian approach.
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  • 139
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 471-481 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The time-dependent variational principle is applied to the manifold of Gaussian wave packets. The translational and spreading degrees of freedom are treated equally. Comparison is made with frozen Gaussian dynamics and with the exact Schrödinger dynamics.
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  • 140
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 495-506 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Variational transition state theory with semiclassical ground-state transmission coefficients is applied to calculate reaction rate constants, activation energies, and kinetic isotope effects for the protium (H) and muonium (Mu) cases of H + F2 → HF + F and H + Cl2 → HCl + Cl. We examine four potential energy surfaces for H + F2 and two for H + Cl2. For H + F2 there is an unresolved difference between the available experiments; the calculations are consistent with the Mu experiments of Fleming and coworkers and with the H experiment of Albright et al. but not with the H experiment of Homann et al. For H + Cl2 the calculations based on the surface of Polanyi and coworkers are in good agreement with experiment, but those based on the surface of Last and Baer are not. For both reactions the Mu rate constants and the kinetic isotope effects are greatly enhanced by tunneling.
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  • 141
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 603-612 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An ab initio version of the inner projections of the polarization propagator (IPPP) method to separate different transmission components of nuclear spin-spin coupling constants is presented. All four terms - Fermi contact, spin-dipolar, Paramagnetic spin-orbital, and diamagnetic spin-orbital - contributing to the interaction energy of the nuclear spins are considered and their through-space components analyzed for the 19F-1H coupling of 1-fluoro-propane with a double zeta (DZ) basis set. Results obtained qualitatively agree with experimental data.
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  • 142
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 635-645 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Pulsed laser optogalvanic spectra of a 32 MHz radiofrequency discharge (RFLOG) in flowing, low pressure (˜1 Torr) nitrogen are reported. The region of excitation was 16300-17300 cm-1. The observed features correspond mainly to B3Πg ← A3Σu+ transitions (Δv = 4). These are well known in emission and constitute the First Positive System that is of high intensity in almost all discharges in pure N2. A comparison of the emission, absorption, and RFLOG spectra provides an interpretation of missing and/or additional, unassigned lines that occur in the various spectra. The results indicate that RFLOG spectroscopy, as presented here, is a powerful alternative to the absorption spectroscopy of low pressure gases.
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  • 143
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 665-680 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The multidimensional product between an N-dimensional array B and an M-dimensional array C produces an (N + M - 2L)-dimensional array A from the dot-product-like contraction of L pairs of dimensions in B and C. For example, in the multiplication\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$A(i,j,k,l,...) = \sum\limits_{a,b,...} {B(i,a,j,b,...){\rm}C(l,a,b,k,...)}$$\end{document}indices a,b,… are contracted, and the remaining indices i,j,k,l,… are mapped from matrices B and C to the target matrix A.We have developed an algorithm, which we incorporated into a program called GENPRD, for interpreting the topological description of a general multidimensional matrix product, optimizing the execution path, and finally evaluating the product.No specific information about the nature of a given product is included in the program. Instead, GENPRD is driven by two tables: one specifies the indices to be contracted and the mapping of the uncontracted indices to the target array; the second one indicates the organization of the arrays in secondary storage. The tables are text files which are read at execution time. The information is then processed to form an optimized set of loops for evaluating the product and performing associated I/O.GENPRD is implemented in a program for quantum-chemical computations using many-body perturbation theory and the coupled-cluster method. This implementation produced code that ran at 90% of the speed of the hand-coded version. Ultimately, GENPRD will reduce the FORTRAN code from 20,000 lines to 2,000 lines.
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  • 144
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 21-32 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: For the multidimensional Schrödinger equation, we develop a technique based on the moment problem formulation of this equation. The method provides systematic and rapidly converging upper and lower bounds to the ground state energy, and it enjoys the following features: 1The bounds are insensitive to the strength of the perturbation; that is, the method applies even to the most singular perturbation.2The method does not require the potential to be semibounded. It applies directly to potentials whose spectrum extends from minus to plus infinity, as is the case for the Zeeman effect in hydrogenic atoms.3The presence of continuum spectrum does not affect the method: no information coming from the continuum is needed.
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  • 145
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 73-80 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The R matrix theory in its simplest form is discussed and analyzed in terms of the classical Titchmarsh-Weyl's theory for a singular second order differential equation. It is observed that the R matrix described as an abstract R operator is contained in the framework of Weyls classical extension to an infinite interval of finite Sturm-Liuoville theory. As a result we find that the exterior complex rotation method can be synthesized with the R matrix theory to obtain a method for deriving the S matrix poles out in the complex energy or momentum planes.
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  • 146
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 173-183 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Several identification (ID) numbers for chemical structures (connectivity ID number, prime ID number, weighted ID number) are analyzed and tested until a counterexample (a pair of structures with the same ID number) is found. The analysis is carried out for acyclic structures with up to 20 atoms, trees with up to 20 points, benzenoid graphs and polyhexes with up to 10 hexagons, and all connected graphs with up to 6 points.Although all the (chemical) ID numbers studied are highly selective for many families of (molecular) graphs, none of them are unique: in all three cases the counterexamples are found. However, the greatest discriminative power is shown by the weighted ID number.
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  • 147
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    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 148
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 277-287 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We have analyzed the nonlocal contribution A(1) = ∇1 · ∇2G(1,2)|2→1 to the kinetic energy density term for a few representative atomic systems in order to gain some insight into the factors which are responsible for the occurrence of shell structure.We have advanced a method for obtaining the nonlocal correlation function G(1,2) once A(1) is known. We discuss simple analytic approximations to A(1) and hence to G(1,2) which could be used for the construction of an energy density functional based on ρ.
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  • 149
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 325-333 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We consider the dielectric response to a donor ion in GaAs quantum wells of finite depths in two cases: (1) The ion is placed at the center of the well, (2) the ion is placed in off-center positions in the well. In each of these cases we calculate the binding energy of the donor atom for several well depths as a function of the width of the well and compare our values with those that arise when the donor atom is considered a hydrogenic impurity. We find that consideration of the dielectric response of the GaAs quantum well leads to deviations with respect to the hydrogenic theory. Specifically, we find that, in case (1), at a given well depth, our binding energies at the same well widths are larger in magnitude than those calculated from the hydrogenic theory. We also find that the discrepancy between the two sets of binding energies is a function of the width of the well, becoming less pronounced as the width of the well is increased. We further find that, in case (2), at a given well depth, as the donor atom is moved from the center of the well toward the wall of the well, our binding energies rise toward those that are calculated from the hydrogenic theory. Finally, we find that, both in case (1) and in case (2), the effect of the dielectric response of the GaAs quantum well to the presence of the donor ion becomes less pronounced as the depth of the well is decreased.
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  • 150
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 547-554 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Using a comprehensive set of electron cross sections, we have carried out a Monte Carlo study of the spatial and energetic aspects of electron degradation in the energy range from 30 eV to 1 MeV. The results are given in terms of a four-dimensional spatial yield spectral distribution. This is represented by a simple approximate analytic form which is convenient to use for calculating the spatial distribution of the initial species created due to electron energy degradation. We also investigate the sensitivity of these electron transport results to some of the input cross sections. We have specifically examined the influence of the assumed form of cross sections for vibrational states on the gross yields. We conclude that in transport calculations it is important to use approximate forms with reasonable asymptotic limits. Finally, we call attention to molecular processes which are important in microdosimetry but whose cross sections are particularly uncertain.
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  • 151
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 573-584 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Further developments in the local reaction field (LRF) model of solvent effects are presented. The improved formalism, including dielectric saturation effects, permits a better description of the solvent polarization vector. As a result, the calculation of entropies of solvation is significantly improved with respect to the standard reaction field models, allowing a complete thermodynamic picture of ion solvation to be obtained. The calculated thermodynamic functions of solvation are combined with gas-phase proton affinities to yield theoretical estimates of solution equilibrium properties in some acid-base processes. Some preliminary results concerning the basicity of primary alkylamines in water are used to illustrate the reliability of the present approach.
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  • 152
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 647-655 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The transition probability of multiphoton processes strongly depends on the angle between the directions of the spin quantization and the magnetic field to induce the transitions. The rotary saturation method in NMR is an excellent one to observe the multiphoton processes in solids. In this paper, the experimental observation of the multiphoton transitions between the nuclear spin Zeeman levels of F nuclei in a CaF2 single crystal by the rotary saturation method is reported. Results are discussed by using a second quantization formalism and the nth order time-dependent perturbation theory in the doubly rotating frame.
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  • 153
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The through-space transmission of 19F-19F couplings is analyzed in a model compound employing inner projections of the polarization propagator, at the RPA and monoexcited CI levels, using an INDO ground state wave function. The emphasis of this work is (1) to study the dependence of the through-space transmitted component of such couplings on the interatomic F-F distance, and (2) to obtain an intuitive, although rigorous, model to describe the through-space transmission that could be used as a complementary tool in experimental measurements. In the first case an exponential decay is found and experimental data for different compounds are found to fit this curve fairly well. In the second case, localized molecular orbitals representing chemical functions are plotted, and the way in which they influence the through-space transmission is analyzed at the perturbator level as well as in inner projected polarization propagator terms. The important role played by the anti-bonding orbitals and the lone pairs of the F atoms is discussed.
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  • 154
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 763-765 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 155
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 149-161 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The method of local-scaling transformations is developed with a view to applications of the nonrelativistic quantum mechanical variational principle in quantum chemistry. Some properties of local-scaling transformations are studied. The method presented links local-scaling transformations and one-electron densities via the ordinary differential equation that provides a proof of the theorem on the existence of the energy density functional within any given orbit and its universality in a sense of the general theory of ordinary differential equations, and allows the construction of this functional explicitly.
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  • 156
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 293-303 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In this paper it is shown that, by use of the double coset decompositions of the point symmetry group and permutation group, the related symmetry coefficients and Clebsch-Gordan coefficients can be given in close formulas.
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  • 157
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 345-350 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The [2s + 2a] cycloaddition of ethylene and acetylene has been studied. A transition structure of C2 symmetry was located on the potential surface. Activation energies for the process are also reported.
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  • 158
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 323-332 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The kinetic-energy anisotropies of fifteen diatomic hydrides AH with A = H, Li, Be, B, C, N, O, F, Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl are calculated from self-consistent-field wave functions constructed from extended basis sets of Slater-type orbitals. It is found that there is no consistent ordering of the bond-parallel and bond-perpendicular components of the kinetic energy with respect to separated atom values. An analysis of the orbital contributions reveals that nonbonding π orbitals make large contributions to the total kinetic-energy anisotropy. This makes it difficult, if not impossible, to deduce anything about the nature of the chemical bond from the total anisotropy. However, certain dimensionless orbital kinetic-energy anisotropies are useful for interpretative studies because, in free atoms, these quantities have fixed values that depend only on the symmetry of the orbital.
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  • 159
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 361-371 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The minimal energy conformations of o-benzosemiquinone anion radical were calculated for several cases of assignments by using the INDO method and the molecular geometry adjusting method. In order to know the effect of lithium ion in the solvent, the minimal energy conformations of the system of Li—O—H and o-benzosemiquinone anion radical were calculated. The calculations of the minimal energy conformations of this radical in t-butyl alcohol, alkaline aqueous ethanol, alkaline water, neutral methanol, and acetonitrile were carried out. The total energies of the minimal energy conformations in the assignment |A3| 〉 |A4| were lower than those in the assignment |A3| 〈 |A4|.
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  • 160
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 73-84 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The concept of bond order and valence indices calculated at the ab initio level is discussed in connection with their close relationship to the nonclassical exchange effects in bonding. An improved definition of bond order and free valence indices is given for the open-shell SCF (UHF) case, and the generalization of the bond order and valence indices to correlated wave functions is also introduced.
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  • 161
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 393-397 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In this paper we extend our previous studies to investigate the ionization energies of some XPY3 molecules (X = O, S and Y = Cl, Br). The calculated orbital energies agree very well with reported experimental ionization energies. The molecular orbital orderings obtained coincide with recent experimental orbital assignments. The results are also compared with previous ab initio and semiempirical calculations for OPCl3, OPBr3, SPCl3, and SPBr3 molecules. The comparison indicates that the present results show improved agreement with experiment and clarify certain ambiguities in the earlier assignments.
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  • 162
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 165-167 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 163
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. v 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 164
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 177-183 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A triple infinite sum of formulas is generated by a computer algebra implementation of the Löwdin α function method (supplemented by a C matrix with integer elements that characterize an orbital) for a fourcenter two-electron repulsion integral over 1s Slater-type orbitals, with screening constants of 1. In this example, one orbital is placed at the origin and the others at equal distances along the x, y, and z axes. Surprisingly few terms are needed for five figure accuracy. There should be no problem in generalizing these methods to all cases of four-center integrals.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 191-196 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The interaction between theoretical and experimental investigations of hydrogen bonded dimers is examined. The influence on the interaction of the type of information available from current experimental techniqes is discussed, and new areas of profitable interaction are suggested. Dimer geometries, the directional character of hydrogen bonds, bond lengthening, and streching and bending force constants are considered in turn. Emphasis is placed on general features of hydrogen bonding rather than on properties of specific dimers.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 527-539 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The interaction of some neutral acids of π type, bearing appropriate unsymmetrical substitutions at the C=C group with some selected bases (H2O, NH3, OH-), is compared with that of the parent compound of a new set of neutral π acids, bearing symmetrical substitutions at the C=C group with the same bases. The analyses of the interaction energy, performed according to two decomposition schemes, with and without the counterpoise corrections, make clear the similarity of symmetrically and unsymmetrically substituted neutral organic acids.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986) 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 168
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 579-587 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In this paper we propose a topological rule to account for both the simple and conjuctopolyhedral boranes and heteroboranes. The calculated results are in good agreement with the real molecular formulas. Furthermore, we have also made some quantum chemistry calculations to verify and discuss the rule.
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  • 169
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 597-617 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: After briefly reviewing the results of ab initio band structure calculations on periodic polynucleotides, it is shown how these band structures can be corrected for correlation (quasi particle band structures). Some new results on the electronic structure of aperiodic polypeptides (having up to four different amino acids as components) obtained with the help of the matrix block negative factor counting technique are then presented. They are supplemented by similar results calculated for nonperiodic nucleotide base stacks. Some plausible long-range effects for the activation of oncogenes through carcinogens are then reviewed. Finally, the preparation of much better defined samples of biopolymers (on which reliable physical measurements could be performed) is discussed.
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  • 170
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 897-908 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 1/N expansion is used to generate semiclassical effective potentials for two-electron ions. These potentials can be considered an improvement over the conventional ones computed by Lin and Fano for the full two-electron coulomb potential insofar as they incorporate some of the quantum mechanical effects. No falling into the nucleus is allowed. Furthermore, the minima of these effective potentials are in surprising agreement with those computed by Fano, Macek, and Lin. This would indicate that the collective variable R, associated with N = 6, leads to a much smaller expansion parameter N, making the adiabatic separation more justified. The role and significance of these broken symmetry solutions with geometric localization are discussed as well as generalizations. The procedure is semiclassical in the sense that the kinetic energy becomes negligible by having a large effective mass.
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  • 171
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 949-958 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We have first studied empirical regularities in various series of heteronuclear diatomic molecules between the energy E, the total number of electrons N, the equilibrium distance Re and Z̄ = (Z1Z2)1/2 where Z1e and Z2e are the nuclear charges in the diatom. In particular, for various alkali halide series, Re2|E|/N5/3 is shown to correlate rather simply with Z̄Re3. Some theoretical basis is afforded by generalizing the 1/Z expansion used early by the writers in work on homonuclear diatomics. Finally, when Z2/Z1 → ∞, a model is presented which predicts a finite asymptotic bond length and this prediction is confronted with available experimental data for both heteronuclear diatoms and for the polyatomic series CH4 to SnH4.
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  • 172
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1017-1024 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The electronic structure, charge distribution, and chemical bonding of the dimer of bis-(η5-cyclopentadienyl)ytterbium methyl have been studied by an unrestricted INDO program made applicable for the lanthanoid compounds [1]. The bond order, composition, and the nature of the bridge bonds have been discussed. The existence of weak interaction between two ytterbium atoms was shown.
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  • 173
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 519-526 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Selected portions of the S0 and T1 potential energy surfaces of acetaldehyde surveyed in our earlier studies have been reexamined. The assumption of the additivity of basis-set polarization and of electron correlation effects used extensively in our earlier work on acetaldehyde has been tested through explicit polarized basis-set electron-correlation calculations. The “additivity assumption” introduces average absolute errors in energy differences of only 1.9 (MP3) to 3.4 (MP2) kcal mol-1 in seven comparisons. The effects of using 6-31G** SCF optimized geometries as opposed to single-point calculations on 3-21G SCF structures (6-31G**//3-21G) as in our previous papers were examined. In six comparisons, the average absolute error in relative SCF energies introduced by the use of the 3-21G geometries rather than the fully consistent 6-31G- ones was only 0.3 kcal mole-1. After a uniform scaling procedure, comparisons of the 6-31G** and 3-21G calculated vibrational frequencies with experiment for CH3CHO (S0), CH4, and CO (20 comparisons) yielded absolute differences of 41 cm-1 (6-31G**) and 57 cm-1 (3-21G). All these more elaborate calculations support for the specific case of acetaldehyde and various minima and transition states of relevance to its photochemistry, the commonly used and practically important approximations (e.g., additivity) made in our earlier studies.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 755-766 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: It has been shown by ab initio configuration-interaction methods that the lowest 2Σ+ states of NS and SiF are ‘semidiffuse’ states, like the B 2Σ+ state of PO. The lowest 2Σ+ state of CCl also appears to be semidiffuse, although here the situation is not so clear. Semidiffuse states require diffuse orbitals in the wavefunction, but they are not Rydberg states. The second 2Σ+ state of each molecule is shown to be the lowest ns Rydberg state, whereas the third 2Σ+ state is a valence state for NS and CCl, and a 4po Rydberg state for SiF. The lowest 2δ state of each molecule derives from the 7σ → 3π valence configuration. Comparison with available experimental information shows, in general, good agreement.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 843-854 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The total-energy pseudopotential method is described, and some applications are presented with emphasis on the predictive nature of the approach. For several applications, silicon is used as a prototype material, and the successful predictions related to structure and superconductivity at high pressure are discussed.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 829-842 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: As part of a study aimed at better understanding of molecular and dissociative chemisorption of oxygen on Ag(110), linear combinations of Gaussian type orbitals-local spin density (LCGTO-LSD) calculations have been performed for O, O-, O2, O-2, O2-2 and a variety of silver clusters interacting with O or O2.For atomic O adsorption a very small cluster, Ag4, chosen to model the long-bridge site already affords very good agreement with both recent EXAFS experiments and recent ab initio calculations. We calculate O to be 0.25 Å above the surface (exp. 0.2 Å). The Ag4—O vibrational frequency is estimated to be 400 cm-1, in reasonable accord with the experimental EELS value of 325 cm-1.Determination of the geometry for O2 (ads.) and, ultimately, of the dissociation path are far more difficult tasks. An extensive search for local minima in the vicinity of the LB site is being carried out. Results to date for small, Ag2 and Ag4, clusters have furnished insight into the factors influencing the structure. Overlap between the π* orbital of the O2 moiety and Ag s functions is a key factor; that is, there is an important covalent component of the binding. For geometries with O2 parallel to the surface, this is achieved by twisting the O2 fragment with respect to the [11¯0] grooves (geometries either parallel or perpendicular to the grooves yield zero π‖*-s overlap by symmetry). The structure with O2 perpendicular to the surface also achieves reasonable overlap and lies close in energy to the most stable ‘parallel’ geometry.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 883-896 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An important metabolic pathway for halogenated methanes is the detoxification reaction with glutathione in the cell cytosol fraction. Experimental studies have shown that the rate of this SN2 displacement reaction is directly related to the leaving group ability of the dissociating halide; the rate increases in order of the ions F-, Cl-, Br-, and I- leaving. In this study, we examine the role of the other halomethane substituents on the rate of this reaction for compounds with a common leaving anion. To this end, reaction Cl- + CY3Cl → ClCY3 + Cl- (Y = H,F,Cl) is examined using ab initio methods. The barrier for this exchange process may arise from requiring an inversion of the CY3 group in the transition structure, the energy required to homolytically cleave the C—Cl bond, or from unfavorable steric and electronic interactions in the five-coordinated transition structure. Of these three factors, only the third explains the calculated ordering of barrier heights. This suggests that successive halogenation of methane not only increases its activity as a substrate for anaerobic reduction, as was shown earlier, but also decreases its ability to take part in the detoxification reaction with glutathione.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 915-935 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Theoretical core effective potential methods are widely used in valence-only electron molecular calculations. These methods, which imply the frozen-core approximation, work well for the elements of the righthand side of the periodic table but are often unrealistic for metallic elements with highly polarizable cores. For these atoms one has to consider the polarization of the cores under the influence of the electric field created by the valence electrons. Moreover, relativistic corrections must be added for heavy atoms.Various theoretical approaches of core-valence interactions (polarization and core-valence correlations) will be reviewed, with a special emphasis on practical methods of calculation. The problem of handling the relativistic effects will mainly be discussed within the two-component Pauli formalism. It will be shown that the Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation is not the unique way for deriving relativistic corrections and that the second-order Dirac equation also provides a good starting point for obtaining relativistic corrections. Analytical exact results are given for the hydrogen atom. The accuracy of this approach is tested on many-electron atoms and molecules.It is finally shown that the problem of the core-valence separation is relevant to the general methodology of effective Hamiltonians that seems to provide the best promising way for filling the gap between the semiempirical and purely theoretical ab initio methods.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 975-991 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Molecular orbitals for Si2 and Ge2 have been optimized in hyper-HF calculations and utilized in valenxe CI treatments to describe the low-lying states of the molecules. The calculational results reveal pronounced similarities between the electronic structures of Si2 and Ge2. Thus, for both molecules the two lowest-lying electronic states, 3Σ-g(σ2gΠu3) and 3πu(∑g1πu3), have crossing potential energy curves, and the two lowestlying states of 1∑g+ symmetry exhibit crossing of configurations. The Sequence of the low-lying electronic states can be rationalized on basis of a simple molecular-orbital picture in which the σg and the πu valence orbitals are almost degenerate. The spectroscopic constants derived from the present work compare favorably with the results of more elaborate calculations. It appears that transition energies derived in valence CI calculations between states of identical configurations are improved in large CI calculations, whereas this is not the case for transition energies between states of different configurations. The valence CI calculations based on the molecular orbitals optimized in hyper-HF calculations appear to effer reliable descriptions of the chemical bonds as well as of the electronic structures of the molecules Si2 and Ge2.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 993-999 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Experimental results on the bombardment of some rhenium trihalides by argon ions in a photoelectron spectrometer have yielded lower-valency rhenium halides. The presence of the compounds have been made evident by the destabilization of the Re(4f) and the relative decrease in the halogen spectral line intensities. A theoretical approach to the energy of the Re(4f) states have been studied by the MS X-α method. The molecular model used in the calculations is made up of rhenium polyhalides in D4h symmetry having the structure Re2Xn-8 (n = 2, 4, 6). A discussion is also presented on the formation of multiple bonds as a result of the overlap between the dxy orbitals of rhenium.
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1047-1058 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The recently developed Gaussian basis functions [2] were used in calculations on the ground electronic states of molecules containing transition-metal atoms: ScF3, TiCl4, ZrCl4, Cr(CO)6, Ni(CO)4, CuF, CuCl, Zn(CH3)2, and Cd(CH3)2. The usefulness of minimal basis sets, the importance of splitting of the valence part of the minimal basis sets, the role of the triple splitting of the d-block functions, and the need for p-, d-, and f-type polarization functions were discussed in the context of the geometrical structure and the firstorder electronic properties of the transition-metal atom compounds.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1067-1076 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Use of the London-Eyring-Polanyi + 3-Center + power-series (LEP-3C-PS) analytical potential as a fit to potential energy surfaces (PES) which are known numerically only are suggested. This analytical fit was performed for the diatomics-in-molecules + 3 Center (DIM-3C) PES of HCl2 and HI2 systems. The HCl2 analytical LEP-3C-PS potential was used for classical trajectory calculations of the Cl' + HCl → HCl' + Cl reaction. The rate constant obtained from these calculations for T = 358° K is 1.95 X 109 cm3/mol sec which is close to the experimental value of 2.5 109 cm3/mol sec.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1105-1116 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Potential energy surfaces (PES) for Na(2S, 2P) interacting with a tungsten surface partially covered with sodium ions are computed within the framework of the diatomics-in-molecules (DIM) method. A small number (1 to 10) of adsorbed sodium atoms are considered explicitly, the effect of the rest being taken into account through the fragment matrix elements in the DIM formulation. A physical model proposed previously to account for the experimental observation of Na+ and Na+2 ions is supported by these calculations and, in addition, a new pathway to Na+2 products is identified. The effect of including extra adsorbed atoms is discussed in terms of the molecular wave functions and a sensitivity analysis.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1127-1137 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The IR frequencies of cyclopropene and methylenecyclopropene were computed with inclusion of correlation (MP2/6-31G*). These along with those of ethylene obtained earlier by Pople were compared with SCF results (DZ + P). It was found that the MP2 frequencies agreed better with experiment, but that the order of the bands remained the same as those computed without correlation.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1705-1712 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The omega model is reviewed in the case of a three-electron function and the omega function determined for the lithium atom ground state by using a procedure based on Brillouin' theorem. The resulting function is analyzed in terms of natural configurations, and the correlation coefficient determined as a function of the distance to the nucleus. It is found that the omega function is essentially equivalent to two configurations built up with the occupied NO' and that the model introduces mainly correlation at large distance. These results contrast with those obtained for the beryllium atom using the same model.
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  • 187
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1241-1251 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Several small peptide fragments are investigated with ab initio (Hartree-Fock) calculations, using Gaussian basis sets. Complexation energies, net atomic charges, and optimum geometries are obtained. The geometries predicted by the STO-6G, and 6-31G* basis sets are quite similar, whereas the binding energies obtaiend by the 6-31G calculations are higher than those obtained with STO-6G and 6-31G* basis sets.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1789-1797 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An approximate method for the calculation of the electronic structure of molecules has been developed. The principal approximations involve freezing of the atomic core orbitals, description of the core-valence interactions by density matrix expansion techniques, and the enforcement of the core-valence orthogonality by auxiliary bases and projection operator techniques. The general principle in the approximations is their stepwise execution. Each approximation can be separately relaxed and tested for reliability. The developed computational techniques have been described. A detailed analysis for the approximations is given for LiH. Other molecular test calculations include HCl, H2S, H2Se, and H2S2 molecules. The results demonstrate the suitability of the method for molecular studies.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1843-1844 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 190
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986) 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1291-1302 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The concept of two particle transition density (TPTD) and two particle bond order (TPBO) is introduced and formally developed in order to extend the considerations of Callis, Scott, and Albrecht [1] to two particle interactions. These interactions may become important if the TPTD (TPBO) for one particle effects is small or the perturbation considered is essentially a two particle perturbation. As an example the geometric deformation of annulene perimeters is studied in detail. This deformation can be interpreted as a two particle perturbation because one particle effects do not contribute considerably. As a result of the perturbation characteristic energy shifts of the four lowest electronic singlet excitations depending on the type of deformation can be observed.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1351-1364 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We have used the MINDO/SR molecular orbital method in order to model the migration of hydrogen atoms over a Ni(100) surface. The present calculations indicate the existence of two different states for adsorbed hydrogen, a result which is in agreement with experimental thermal desorption data and LEED. A detailed analysis of the electronic factors involved in this process is presented.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1429-1435 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Reactions of photoisomerization proceeding through a “funnel” are discussed (Fig. 1a, θ ≅ θ*, where θ is the angle of isomerization). Strong nonadiabatic interactions in the region of conical intersection of the multidimensional adiabatic potentials Us and Us0 are supposed to be responsible for the ultrafast nonradiative transition S1θ* → K2 S0 (K2 ≅ 1010-1012 s-1). The K2 dependence on the solvent viscosity (isomerization of t-stilbene in series ethanol--octanol) and polarity (isomerization of cyanine dyes in polar solvents) was determined to be in a good agreement with experiments.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1685-1685 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: No. Abstract.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 195
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1687-1695 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: It is shown that the exclusion principle merely requires the electrons to be divided into two distinct groups, then, according to our assumption of the distinguishability of electrons, its mathematical representation can be the spatial double antisymmetrization or the spatial-spin antisymmetrization; in the latter case an auxiliary spin double symmetrization is also required in order to distinguish the two types of electrons. The second requirement is used to recognize the fact that, although all electrons can be assumed to be indistinguishable under certain condition, their natural characteristic of two distinct groups must still be preserved.It is further shown that the double antisymmetrization (or double symmetrization) determines the spin quantum number M, whereas the Löwdin spin projector for nonorthogonal eigenfunctions and the Wigner matric basis for orthogonal eigenfunctions will decide the spin quantum number S, Both the spatial double antisymmetrizer and the spin double symmetrizer will reject all the unnecessary eigenfunctions and project out only one unique set of linearly independent eigenfunctions.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 196
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1735-1743 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Formulas are derived which allow the direct construction of total orbital angular momentum eigenfunctions for many-particle systems without the use of Clebsch-Gordan coefficients. One of the equations is closely analogous to Dirac' identity for the total spin operator. This equation describes the action of L2 on a function of the particle coordinates in terms of a class operator of the symmetric group and a "contraction operator." A general projection operator for constructing symmetric eigenfunctions of L2 is presented.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 197
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1779-1787 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: By use of the graphical method of spin algebra, simple, and closed expressions for SN1+N2 ⊃ SN1 ⊗ SN2 and U(n1 + n2) ⊃ U(n1) ⊗ U(n2), subduction coefficients are derived.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 198
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1635-1649 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The electron density near the lithium nucleus in the species LiH, LiH+, Li2, Li2+, LiH2+, and Li2H+ was analyzed by transforming the SCF molecular orbitals into a sum of atomic contribnutions, for both core and valence orbitals. These “hybrid-atomic” orbitals were used to compare: electron densities, orbital polarizations, and orbital mean kinetic energies with the corresponding lithium atom quantities. Core-orbital electron densities at the lithium nucleus were observed to increase by up to 0.5% relative to the lithium atom 1s orbital. Lithium cores also exhibited polarization but, surprisingly, in the direction away from the internuclear region. Similar dramatic changes were seen in the electron densities of the valence orbitals of lithium: The electron density at the nucleus for these orbitals increased two-fold for homonuclear species and twenty-fold for heteronuclear triatomic species relative to the electron density at the nucleus in lithium atom. The polarization of the valence orbital electronic charge, in the vicinity of the lithium nucleus, was also away from the internuclear region. The mean “hybrid-atomic” orbital kinetic energies associated with the lithium atom in the molecules also showed changes relative to the free lithium atom. Such changes, accompanying bond formation, were relatively small for the lithium core orbitals (within 0.2% of the value for lithium atom). The orbital kinetic energies for the lithium valence electrons, however, increased considerably relative to the lithium atom: By a factor of about 2 in homonuclear diatomics, by a factor of 7 in heteronuclear diatomics, and by a factor of 11 in the triatomic species. In summary, the total electronic density (core plus valence) at the lithium nucleus remained remarkably constant for all of the species studied, regardless of the effective charge on lithium. Thus, the drastic changes noted in the individual lithium orbitals occurred in a cooperative fashion so as to preserve a constant total electron density in the vicinity of the lithium nucleus. In all cases, bond formation was accompanied by an increase in the orbital kinetic energy of the lithium valence orbital. We suggest that these two observations represent important and significant features of chemical bonding which have not previously been emphasized.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 199
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Molecular difference densities (DD) are conventionally constructed using spherically averaged atomic densities at the appropriate positions. For atoms in degenerate ground states, this is an unphysical choice, and artifacts dominate the DD. We suggest the extraction of both the position and the orientation of an atom with an open valence shell from x-ray scattering or molecular density data. Subtracting the oriented atoms yields a uniquely defined, as well as chemically meaningful, DD. Covalent bonds to electronegative atoms such as O are no longer exceptional but show bond charges of normal magnitude. Lone pairs are characterized by a dipolar density shift from the bond to the back side of the atomic core.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 200
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1815-1824 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A theory of electron transfer at low temperatures has been developed. The mechanism of electron transfer consists in the fact that donor ionization and electron capture by the acceptor take place in a tunnel manner.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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