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  • 1995-1999  (477)
  • 1985-1989  (596)
  • 1920-1924
  • Life Sciences (general)
  • 101
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Handbuch des Umweltschutzes und der Umweltschutztechnik. Vol. 1: Emissionen und ihre Wirkungen. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, Barcelona, Budapest, Hong Kong, London, Milan, Paris, Santa Clara, Singapore, Tokyo: Springer-Verlag GmbH XXX + 842 pages, 169 figures, 121 tables; DM 118.00 ISBN 3-540-58584-2 (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 106-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: No Abstracts.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180203
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  • 102
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Masthead (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180401
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  • 103
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Yeast physiology and biotechnology. Chichester, New York, Weinheim, Brisbane, Singapore, Toronto: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 350 pages; £ 29.95. ISBN 0-471-96447-6 (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 314-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: No Abstracts.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180404
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  • 104
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Microbial cleaning of waste gas containing volatile organic compounds in a bioreactor system with a closed gas circuit (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 291-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The cleaning of the exhaust gases of a bioreactor containing volatile hydrocarbons in a bioreactor system with a closed gas circuit is described. The bioreactor system consisted of three different reactor types: a stirred tank which was filled with hydrocarbon-containing waste water to simulate the exhaust gases of a remediation process; a trickle-bed reactor for aerobic treatment of the exhaust gas from the stirred tank; and a photoreactor containing an algae culture which assimilated CO2 from the trickle-bed reactor and also produced O2. With this bioreactor system, it was possible to efficiently remove volatile organic compounds (VOC) from the waste gases. Depending on the type of waste water investigated, elimination rates of 41% to 93% of BTEX (benzene, ethylbenzene, toluene, xylene) and 29% to 53% of VCH (volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons) were obtained. Due to the photosynthesis of the algae in the system's photoreactor, oxygen concentrations between 12% and 18% [v/v], equivalent to about 57% to 83% DOT, were obtained. This concentration permitted the aerobic degradation to be carried out without having to add fresh air. The trickle-bed reactor and the photoreactor worked continuously, whereas the waste water in the stirred bioreactor was replaced in different batches. The accumulation of toxic compounds in the nutrient solutions of the trickle-bed (EC-50 〉 30 g/l) and of the photoreactor (EC-50 〉 35 g/l) was low. Carbon dioxide concentrations in the gas flow were higher than in fresh air (1% to 3% [vol/vol]), but no long-term accumulation of CO2 occurred. This means that the algae in the photoreactor were active enough to assimilate the CO2 which had been produced. They were also able to produce sufficient oxygen for aerobic hydrocarbon degradation. The system described is a first step towards treating waste gases which results from the bioremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated media in a closed gas circuit without any emission (e.g. VOC, CO2, germs).
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180402
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  • 105
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Forschungsethik. Gentechnik und neue Biotechnologie. Stuttgart: Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaftj mbH, 411 pages; DM 96.00. ISBN 3-8047-1452-8 (WVG) (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 325-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: No Abstracts.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180406
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  • 106
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Yeasts in natural and artificial habitats. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, Barcelone, Budapest, Hong Kong, London, Milan, Paris, Santa Clara, Singapore, Tokyo: Springer Verlag. IX + 381 pages, 59 figures, 28 tables; DM 198.00. ISBN 3-540-56820-4 (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 352-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: No Abstracts.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180409
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  • 107
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Fusion of yeast protoplasts and isolated nuclei of Fusarium moniliforme (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 353-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Protoplasts of a xylose-fermenting yeast strain (a fusion product of Pachysolen tannophilus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae) were fused with isolated nuclei of the xylan degrading filamentous fungus Fusarium moniliforme. Polyethyleneglycol 4000 was used as the fusogenic agent. Fourteen stable hybrids showing xylanase activity were obtained. It can be assumed that this ability was acquired from the nuclear genome of the fungus, since the parental yeast strain did not show any xylanase activity. The enzymatic activity was determined quantitatively. The parental strain of the fungus reached its maximum xylanase activity of 796 nkat/ml at 96 h of growth. Four of the hybrids had a xylanase activity of between 211 and 297 nkat/l at 24 h of growth. Zymograms of these hybrids showed the presence of xylanases when grown on xylan as the sole carbon source. Using pulse field electrophoresis gels, no difference between the chromosome pattern of the fusion products and the parental yeast strain was observed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180410
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  • 108
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Dynamics of cell and tissue motion. Basel, Boston, Berlin: Birkhäuser, 1997, 352 pages; DM 118.00. ISBN 3-7643-5781-9 (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 367-367 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: No Abstracts.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180413
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  • 109
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Selection of hydroxyproline-resistant cell lines from Solanum Tuberosum L. Callus. II. Plant regeneration and frost tolerance of regenerated plants (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 361-366 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The calluses of two hydroxyproline-resistant lines (D20-1 and D30-1) of Solanum tuberosum L. were transferred to a solidified MS medium containing 1.0 mg/I IAA, 2.0 mg/l zeatin, 40.0 mg/l adenine sulphate, 1 g/l casein hydrolysate, 20 g/l sucrose and 10 g/l agar for plant regeneration. The shoot regeneration was only achieved from the callus of line D20-1. Regenerated shoots exhibited morphological variability. The degrees of frost tolerance were higher in the leaves of the regenerated plants compared with the leaves of the non-selected control plants, but lower than that of the callus from which they were regenerated.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180412
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  • 110
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Optimization of the growth parameters of Aspergillus foetidus (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 327-338 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The batch production of gluconic acid in the presence of glucose, sucrose and molasses was investigated using free mycelia of Aspergillus foetidus NRRL 337 in shake flasks. Eight growth parameters were chosen as independent variables. The temperature, pH, substrate type and initial concentrations, inoculum percentage and shake rate directly affected the specific microorganism growth and gluconic acid production rates. The optimum temperature and initial pH values were found to be 33°C and five to six, respectively. The maximum specific growth and gluconic acid production rates were established as 57 g/dm3 of glucose, 75 g/dm3 of sucrose and 150 g/dm3 of molasses. The optimum values of the shake rate, inoculum percentage and initial ammonium nitrate concentration were determined as 100 1/min, 0.5% and 1.5 g/dm3, respectively. The maximum gluconic acid concentrations corresponding to these initial substrate concentrations were observed to be 8.3 g/dm3, 17.4 g/dm3 37.0 g/dm3, respectively. The optimum specific microbial growth and gluconic acid production rates were found as 0.0145 1/h and 0.0375 g/g × h, respectively, for the fermentation conditions of SGo = 57 g/dm3, T = 28°C, initial pH = 6.5, N = 84 1/min, A = 0.5 g/dm3 and I = 0.5%.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180407
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  • 111
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Characteristics of immobilized thermostable amylases from two Bacillus licheniformis strains (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 339-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Covalent immobilization of thermostable α-amylases from catabolite resistant and sensitive Bacillus licheniformis strains on controlled pore glass (CPG) and porous silica (Spherosil) beads and ionic binding on DEAE-cellulose, Amberlite and Dowex were investigated. Preparations with satisfactory operational stabilities and activities up to 1,600 U/g of support (ionic binding) and 800 U/g carrier (covalent coupling) were obtained. Immobilization led to a narrowing of the pH interval of maximum activity. The fixed amylases were stable in limited pH regions around the optimum pH level. An enhancement of the enzyme thermostability was observed. Apparent shifts of the optimum temperatures were not found. The apparent Vmax decreased up to 80 times. The Km′ remained unchanged (for amylopectin as the substrate) or increased up to 10 times (soluble starch). Maltose, maltotriose and maltopentaose were the main products of the hydrolysis. A significant increase in maltopentaose content was observed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180408
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  • 112
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Handbuch des Umweltschutzes und der Umweltschutztechnik. Sanierender Umweltschutz (Volume 5). Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, Barcelona, Budapest, Hong Kong, London, Milan, Paris, Santa Clara, Singapore, Tokyo: Springer Verlag XXII + 410 pages, 117 figures, 30 tables; DM 118.00 ISBN 3-540-58062-X (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 359-360 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: No Abstracts.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180411
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  • 113
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Molecular biotechnology: Therapaeutic applications and strategies. Chichester, New York, Brisbane, Toronto, Singapore, Weinheim: Wiley-Liss (A John Wiley & Sons Inc. Publications), 223 pages, 37 figures, 5 tables; £ 34.95. ISBN 0-471-11681-5 (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 147-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: No Abstracts.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180209
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  • 114
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Immobilization of glucoamylase on polyamide nets (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 135-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The formation of reactive groups on polyamide nets (nylon 6) and the subsequent immobilization of glucoamylase were investigated. Different mesh sizes of the nets and two chemical methods of enzyme coupling - i( partial hydrolysis of the polyamide with subsequent glutaraldehyde binding and ii) O-alkylation of the carrier using a treatment with a benzene-methyl sulphate mixture - were used. The reactivity of immobilized glucoamylase (GA) was tested by hydrolysis reactions using 1% starch solutions. The highest reactivity (140 μg glc/)min × cm2 was obtained for methylated nylon samples attached to a glass rod and by coupling glucoamylase on the nylon surface which had been treated with lysine and glutaraldehyde. This method resulted in a more reactive and more stable preparation of immobilized glucoamylase as compared to a simpler method of coupling glutaraldehyde to partially hydrolyzed nylon.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180208
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  • 115
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Book announcement (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 148-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: No Abstracts.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180210
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  • 116
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Biochemische Labormethoden (2nd revised edition). Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, London, Paris, Tokyo, Hong Kong, Barcelona, Budapest: Springer-Verlag GmbH, XIV + 249 pages, 15 figures, 72 tables; DM 48.00. ISBN 3-540-58584-2 (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 156-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: No Abstracts.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180212
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  • 117
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Culture conditions for the production of pectinolytic enzymes by the white-rot fungus Trametes trogii on a laboratory scale (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 157-166 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Different cultural parameters that regulate pectinolytic enzyme production in vitro by Trametes trogii were studied. When grown in a medium containing pectin, T. trogii produced extracellular polymethylgalacturonase, polygalacturonase and pectin lyase but no pectate lyase activity. No significant differences in the maximum enzyme activities measured were observed with the addition of xylan, carboxymethylcellulose or both to the medium containing pectin. The addition of glucose to that medium considerably decreases all the activities studied, and in a medium with glucose as the sole carbon source no galacturonase activity could be measured, and pectin lyase activity was at its minimum. The low synthesis of pectin lyase in cultures containing glucose suggests that this enzyme is constitutive in contrast to the polygalacturonases that were not detected. The increase in pectin concentration stimulated growth and enzyme production. The highest specific activities were attained with the greatest concentration tested (15 g/l). Casamino acids were the best nitrogen source for enzyme production. Maximum growth was measured at pH 3.3; pH values of around 4.5 stimulated enzyme production, but high pectinase activities were also detected in media with more alkaline initial pH values (6.2 for galacturonases and 6.6 for lyases), probably owing to the specific induction of particular isoforms. In the range of 23 to 28°C, good results were obtained in growth as well as in enzyme production. The addition of Tween 80 promoted growth and gave the highest yield of polymethylgalacturonase and pectin lyase (0.37 and 36.2 E.U./ml, respectively). The highest polygalacturonase activity (1.1 E.U/ml) was achieved with polyethylene glycol. Tween 20 and Triton X-100 inhibited growth and pectinase production.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180213
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  • 118
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Influence of different vitamin-nitrogen sources on cell growth and propionic acid production from sucrose by Propionibacterium shermanii (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 267-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Cell growth and organic acid production by Propionibacteria are dependent on the vitamin-nitrogen source in the culture medium. Final cell and propionic acid concentrations produced by Propionibacterium shermanii, using corn-steep liquor, were higher than those obtained utilizing yeast extracts. Since corn-steep liquor is much cheaper than yeast extract, the process becomes more attractive. By calculating the specific growth rates, it was observed that the critical propionic acid concentration, that prevents all growth (μX = 0), is different depending on the vitamin-nitrogen source used and its concentration. For example, for 5.0 and 15.0 g/l Oxoid yeast extract, those critical propionic acid concentrations were 16.0 and 27.0 g/l, respectively. Such propionic acid concentrations inhibit the cell growth, but not the formation of acid. The specific propionic acid production rate also indicates that the critical concentration for metabolic activity, when propionic acid is no longer produced (μP = 0), varies according to the vitamin-nitrogen source and its concentration in the medium. For 5.0 and 15.0 g/l Oxoid yeast extract, those concentrations were 22.1 and 30.1 g/l, respectively.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180312
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  • 119
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Bacteria in biology, biotechnology and medicine (fourth edition). Chichester, New York, Weinheim, Brisbane, Singapore, Toronto: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 414 pages, 104 figures, 16 photographic plates, 21 tables; £ 45.00, $ 80.00. ISBN 0-471-97468-4 (paperback) (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 287-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: No Abstracts.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180315
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  • 120
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Studies on whey fermentation using lactic acid bacteria L. acidophilus and L. bulgaricus (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 277-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The fermentation process of acid curd whey using pure cultures of L. bulgaricus and L. acidophilus was investigated. The influence of the starter culture amount on the acidification rate in the fermentation was specified, the biological value of fermented and fermented-ammoniated curd whey was determined, and the ability of fermented whey to prevent the injurious effect of Bac. mesenthericus on the wheat bread quality was examined.Acid curd whey was fermented up to a titratable acidity of 19.8-21.6 g lactic acid/kg whey using L. acidophylus and L. bulgaricus. Mathematical equations were developed on the basis of experimental data to calculate the titratable acidity (A) as a functionof fermentation time (τ) and temperature (t). Fermentation and fermentation-ammoniation processes increase the biological value of whey (the content of the vitamins B1, B2, B6, PP and the free amino acids increase). A new dry fodder BIOLAKTS was developed from fermented curd whey and was recommended for use in veterinary medicine. The fermentation-ammoniation process of curd whey was carried out by adding calculated amounts of non-protein nitrogen NH4OH to increase the total protein equivalent and to achieve mutual proportions of protein and lactose 1:1.4, as in skimmed milk. Fermented-ammoniated curd whey was used to obtain a skimmed milk substitute. A dry flour lactic acid concentrate (FLC) was created as a mixture of high quality wheat flour and evaporated fermented whey in established ratios. As our experiments prove, it can be used as an additive in bread-making to prevent the spoiling of wheat bread by Bac. mesenthericus.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180314
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  • 121
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Flow cytometric discrimination between Acinetobacter calcoaceticus 69-V and Alcaligenes eutrophus JMP134 by fluorescently labelled rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes and DNA staining (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 19-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: In situ hybridization with fluorescently monolabelled rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes (17 to 18 nucleotides) was used to discriminate between Alcaligenes eutrophus JMP 134 and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus 69-V by flow cytometry. The strains were grown in batch experiments in a mixed population. The forward light scatter and fluorescence of each bacterial cell were measured with a single laser cytometer. The intensity of fluorescence after rRNA staining depended on the content of ribosomes, which correlated with the growth rate of bacteria. Therefore exponentially growing cells could be clearly detected. For other growth phases, signal amplification was necessary using multiple probes. The two bacterial strains were identified with differently labelled probes under an epifluorescent microscope. Using a single laser cytometer, rRNA based identification was possible nut not ideal. Better discrimination between the two strains of the mixed population was achieved by DNA staining, combined with the different forward light scatter signals. Due to the significantly different cellular DNA and GC content of both strains, the fluorescent dye DAPI (4′, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole), preferring AT-rich regions of DNA, was found to be a supplementary tool for population analysis. The abundance ratios of the two strains in mixed culture determined by DNA or rRNA staining were similar.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170103
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  • 122
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Analyzing nitrogen and sulphide elimination from leachate by coulometric continuous flow titration (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 39-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The process of leachate denitrification by populations of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria was investigated. Leachate, derived from a local municipal landfill site, was nitrified in a continuously operating packed-bed biofilm reactor and thereafter denitrified in an activated sludge bioreactor. To follow the progress of nitrogen elimination, ammonium, nitrite and nitrate concentrations were determined at all stages of the process. While the nitrite and nitrate concentrations were measured by conventional colorimetric methods, computer controlled coulometric titration with in situ generated hypobromite was used for ammonium determination, which had previously been selectively separated from the sample matrix by gas dialysis. The detection range of the method was from 1 × 10-6 to 1 × 10-3 M ammonium (relative standard deviation (RSD) = 2%, n = 6). No interference of the complex sample matrix was found in ammonium determination. The average ammonium concentration in the leachate was 409 mg/l (standard deviation (SD) = 142 mg/l, n = 55). The ammonium concentrations decreased to 1-5 mg/l during nitrification under continuous operating conditions. Increased ammonium concentrations after nitrification correlated with a decrease in the efficiency of nitrogen elimination by up to 45% due to the build-up of high concentrations of nitrite. The concentration of sulphides, another source of pollution of the leachate, was also determined by triangle programmed coulometric titration. The average concentration of sulphides in the leachate was 221 mg/l (SD = 374 mg/l; n = 55). The sulphide concentrations decreased to concentrations below the detection limit of the coulometric titration (2 × 10-6M) during nitrification.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170104
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  • 123
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Urease immobilized on an aminated polysulphone membrane - inhibition by boric acid (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 223-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: An enzymatic membrane for application in the processes of decomposition and removal of urea from aqueous solutions was prepared: jack bean urease was immobilized on an aminated polysulphone membrane by adsorption. The inhibition of the system by boric acid was studied using procedures based on the MICHAELIS-MENTEN integrated equation (non-linear regression, and the linear transformations of WALKER and SCHMIDT, JENNINGS and NIEMANN, and BOOMAN and NIEMANN). The reaction was carried out in a 100 mM phosphate buffer of pH 7.0, containing 2 mM EDTA, obtained by neutralization of orthophosphoric acid with NaOH, at an initial urea concentration of 10 mM, and a temperature of 25 °C. The reaction was initiated by the addition of the enzyme to the urea solution, and was monitored by removing samples of the reaction mixture for NH3 determinations by the phenol-hypochlorite method until the urea was exhausted. The results were compared with those obtained earlier under the same reaction conditions for free urease and urease covalently immobilized on chitosan. The inhibition was found to be competitive, similar to that of the free enzyme and urease immobilized on chitosan, with inhibition constants Ki equal to 0.36, 0.19 and 0.60 mM. The results show that adsorption of the enzyme on a polysulphone membrane changed the enzyme to a lesser degree than covalent immobilization of the enzyme on a chitosan membrane.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170305
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  • 124
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ökologie der Abwasserorganismen. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, Barcelona, Budapest, Hongkong, London, Mailand, Paris, Santa Clara, Singapur, Tokio: Springer-Verlag, 1996, 313 pages, 73 figures, 18 tables; DM 128. ISBN 3-540-60402-2 (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 251-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170309
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  • 125
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Coconut cake - a potent substrate for the production of lipase by Candida rugosa in solid-state fermentation (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 241-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Investigations were conducted with the aim of producing extracellular lipase from Candida rugosa by solid-state fermentation (SSF), using coconut oil cake (COC) as a solid substrate. To optimize production, various modifications were made to enrich the substrate by supplementing it with mineral solution, different carbon sources and several inorganic as well as organic nitrogen sources. Among them, urea (1%), peptone (3%) and maltose (5%) were found to be most suitable. Addition of olive oil (10%) encouraged lipase synthesis. The maximum lipase activity in the enriched substrate was 87.76 units per gram of dry fermented substrate [U/gds] compared to 25.81 U/gds in the raw cake at 96 h of fermentation, and growth was as high as 14.44 mg/gds of glucosamine. This was reached at 72 h in the enriched substrate. C. rugosa growth was calculated indirectly by estimating the glucosamine content in the cell wall after its hydrolysis. The enzyme yield was far better than any values reported as yet.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170308
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  • 126
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Masthead (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170401
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  • 127
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Levan production by Zymomonas mobilis cells. Attached to plaited spheres (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 265-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: In this work, an immobilization method for polymer-levan production by a non-flocculating Z mobilis culture was developed. The extent of cell attachment to the stainless steel wire surface, culture growth and product synthesis were described. It was established that during short-term passive immobilization of non-flocculation Z mobilis cells on a stainless steel wire surface, sufficient amounts of biomass for proper levan and ethano fermentation could not be obtained. Adherence of cells was improved by pressing the paste-like biomass within stainless steel spheres knitted from wire with subsequent dehydration. Biomass fixed in metal spheres was used for repeated batch fermentation of levan. The activation period of cells within wire spheres (WS) was 48 h in duration. During this time, cell growth stabilized at production levels of ethanol and levan of Qeth = 1.238 g/l × h and qeth = 0.47 g/l × h; Qeth = 0.526 g/l × h and qeth = 0.20 g/l × h. Five stable fermentation cycles were realized using one wire sphere inoculum, and maintaining a stable ratio of 2.4 of biomass suspended in the medium to biomass fixed in the sphere. Using fixed Z mobilis biomass in the WS, the total amount of inoculum could be reduced for batch fermentation. Large plaited wire spheres with biomass may have potential in fermentation in viscous systems, including levan production.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170312
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  • 128
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Transformed root cultures for biotechnology (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 131-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: This review is concerned with the application of hairy roots, i.e. plant roots formed from plant cells after transformation by Agrobacterium rhizogenes for the production of bioactive compounds. Transformed root cultures have been established from numerous species of dicotyledonous plants. The plants, as well as the main products accumulated in hairy root cultures derived from these plants, are listed in this paper. Data are presented on novel compounds, hitherto detected only in transformed roots but not occurring in the corresponding intact plants.The possible use of hairy root cultures for the over-production of secondary metabolites and biotransformation of chemicals is discussed. In order to enhance the productivity of hairy root cultures, various methods have been derived, and optimized procedures are proposed. They include selection of high-producing clones, elicitation, composition of growth media, culture conditions and genetic approach. Hairy roots usually store secondary metabolites in vacuoles inside the cells. Therefore, several methods have been used to increase the amount of products released into the medium. Unfortunately, no general procedure is known that works in all cases, and the excretion behaviour of hairy root cultures varies from one species to another and even within one species from one clone to another.Special attention is given to the cultivation methods and bioreactor systems for hairy root cultures. Hairy roots are cultivated usually in shake flasks; however, shake flask culture is not suitable for the complex optimization and continuous control of the culture conditions. In this paper, we are going to present bioreactors proposed for the cultivation of hairy roots under more or less controlled conditions. Modifications of typical bacterial bioreactors, i.e. stirred tanks, airlift loop reactors and other constructions, are presented. A very special type of bioreactor providing good conditions for loose root mass multiplication without oxygen or substrate limitations, is the mist bioreactor. Nowadays, it is practically impossible to select the one best bioreactor type for hairy root culture.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170205
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  • 129
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Kinetics of olive oil hydrolysis in an enzyme membrane reactor. Bond graph network model of reactor performance (part 1) (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 161-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Hydrolyses of olive oil were performed in a reactor with lipase immobilized on a laboratory ultrafiltration poliamide-6 membrane. The reactor consisted of two circulating phases of olive oil and buffer solution. For the characterization of the reactor performance, a model of the hydrolysis process was developed. It was created by means of thermodynamic network representation of both the chemical processes and the transport of the reactants. According to an estimated bond graph network, the model is represented quantatively by a set of thirty-three differential equations representing the time derivatives of the particular species concentration. The parameters of the model were estimated based on experimental data and/or literature notations. Close agreement of numerical estimations of the product concentrations with experimental data was gained. The model enabled an extended analysis of the influence of different reaction parameters, enzyme inhibition and concentration of the reactants on reactor performance.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170207
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  • 130
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effects of anoxic conditions on the enzymatic conversion of D,L-2-amino-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid to L-cystine (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 185-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The effects of anoxic conditions on product inhibition and the stability of L-ATC hydrolase were investigated in the conversion of D,L-2-amino-Δ2-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid (D,L-ATC) to L-cystine using the cell free extract enzyme of Pseudomonas sp. in the presence of hydroxylamine. At L-cysteine equivalent levels, where one mole of L-cystine was counted as two moles of L-cysteine, L-cystine inhibited the L-ATC hydrolase reaction to a greater extent than L-cysteine. In air, the product occurred predominantly as L-cystine (94.9%), whereas in a nitrogen atmosphere the product occured as a mixture of L-cysteine (39.3%) and L-cystine (40.7%). As a result, less product inhibition took place in nitrogen. The activity of L-ATC hydrolase was almost fully lost after 20 h of incubation by shaking at 30 °C in air, but considerable activity remained under the anoxic conditions of nitrogen. A kinetic analysis of the reactions confirmed that reduced product inhibition and enhanced enzyme stability in nitrogen result in a more efficient enzyme reaction. The inactivation rate constant (k1) was estimated to be 0.11 h-1 in nitrogen and 0.22-1 in air, indicating that the stability of L-ATC hydrolase in nitrogen was greater than in air. The values of the Kp1 and Kp2 constants related to product inhibition were 43.36 mM and 30.48 mM for L-cysteine and L-cystine, respectively, where higher values were an indication of less product inhibition. The value of the rate constant (k2) for the oxidation of L-cysteine to L-cystine was 0.09 h-1 in nitrogen and 1.01 h-1 in air, suggesting that the oxidation of L-cysteine to L-cystine proceeds faster in air than in nitrogen.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170210
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  • 131
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Masthead (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170301
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  • 132
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Umweltbiotechnologie. Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag GmbH, 1997, 357 pages, 102 tables; DM 78.00, ISBN 3-437-25230-5 (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 264-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170311
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  • 133
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Lipase-catalyzed kinetic resolution of (R,S)-1-phenylethyl propionate in an enzyme membrane reactor (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 253-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Enzymatic stereoselective hydrolysis of (R,S)-1-phenylethyl propionate was performed in a stirred tank and in a biphasic enzyme membrane reactor. Lipase from Pseudomonas sp. was proved to be a good enantioselective catalyst for this reaction. The enzyme was covalently immobilized in a porous polyamide membrane (flat sheet as well as hollow-fibres) via glutaraldehyde. An influence of membrane hydrophobicity on reactor performance was observed. Initial lipase activity and productivity in the processes were equal to 1.05 × 10-4, 1.3 × 10-5 and 1.0 × 10-5 mole/(h × mg of enzyme) in the case of native lipase, in the aromatic polyamide hydrophobic membrane reactor and in the hydrophilic polyamide-6 membrane reactor, respectively. The influence of some factors such as temperature, pH, buffer concentration, initial substrate concentration and addition of β-cyclodextrin derivatives on reaction rate and enantioselectivity was investigated and discussed. In the enzyme membrane reactor both organic and aqueous phases circulated countercurrently on both sides of the membrane. At a conversion degree of under 55-60%, pure enantiomer of the remaining ester (i.e. 〉 98%) was obtained.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170310
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  • 134
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    NATO ASI Series, Series H, Cell Biology, Volume 95. Flow and image cytometry. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, London, Paris, Tokyo, Hong Kong: Springer Verlag, 1996, 241 pages; DM 148.00 ISBN 3-540-60696-3 (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 275-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170313
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  • 135
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A laboratory guide to RNA: Isolation, analysis, and synthesis. New York, Chichester, Brisbane, Toronto, Singapore: John Wiley & Sons, 1996, 445 pages, 72 figures, 13 tables, £ 45.00 ISBN 0-471-12536-9 (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 276-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170314
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  • 136
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Methods based on artificial intelligence, for controlling biotechnological processes. Monitoring of the concentration of dissolved oxygen (part III) (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 309-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A real-time artificial intelligence method for controlling the concentration of dissolved oxygen is proposed.Two projection versions of algorithms are considered in this paper. The versions vary in structure of the intelligent agents. One of the agents represents an automaton of expedient behaviour, the structure of the other consists of two automata which behave expediently in a complicated random medium.The first algorithm holds a check on a trend of change in values. The second version of the algorithm takes into account both the trend of change in the values and the speed of change in the values.Simulation studies show that expedient behaviour of the automata in the random medium for the control of dissolved oxygen concentration can bring about a good performance.
    Zusätzliches Material: 11 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170406
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  • 137
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Modelling L-glutamic acid production with Corynebacterium glutamicum under biotin limitation (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 327-337 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The production of L-glutamic acid with Corynebacterium glutamicum under biotin limitation was studied. Assuming a formal type of cell maturation, an adequate formal kinetic model was developed. This model includes growth, dependent on biotin, and uses the same retention term for describing the lag phase and cell maturation. Special attention was paid to the graphical interpretation of the performance between the variables, which is relevant for kinetics. Comparison between experiments and the model resulted in different degrees of agreement. However, the main trend of the experimental patterns of the complex bioprocess can clearly be mirrored in this model.
    Zusätzliches Material: 13 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170408
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  • 138
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Isolation of phenoxy herbicide-degrading Rhodoferax species from contaminated building material (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 351-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Bacterial strains have been isolated from contaminated concrete debris which exhibit the metabolic capability to degrade 2,4-chlorinated and 4-chloro-2-methyl-substituted phenols and phenoxyalkanoic acids including phenoxyacetate and phenoxypropionate derivatives. These strains were taxonomically identified. Two of them were found to belong to the β-subgroup of the proteobacteria and showed strong similarity to Rhodoferax fermentans. Preliminary investigations by PCR amplification using respective primers revealed that the strains harbour tfdA-like gene sequences.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170411
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  • 139
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    β-Galactosidase in immobilized cells of Daucus carota L. (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 357-363 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The cell suspension culture Daucus carota L. was permeabilized by Tween 80 and immobilized by glutaraldehyde. β-Galactosidase showed an optimum pH of 4.7 and an optimum temperature of 55 °C. The enzyme hydrolysis was linear for 3 h, reaching a 65% conversion. A very good level of storage stability was achieved when using dry catalyst, or a solution of 0.15 M NaCl with the addition of chloramphenicol, (l-methyldodecyl)-dimethylamin-4-oxide (ATDNO), chlortetracycline hydrochloride (CLCTC) or by freezing the immobilized cells in 0.15 M NaCl. The cells characterized by high enzyme activity and stability in long-term storage showed convenient physicomechanical properties.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170412
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  • 140
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Remediation of hazardous waste contaminated soils. New York, Basel, Hong Kong: Marcel Dekker, Inc., XVI + 929 Pages, 323 figures, 187 tables; $ 195 ISBN 0-8247-9160-6 (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 72-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170108
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  • 141
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An advanced method based on artificial intelligence for controlling biotechnological processes (part II) (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 73-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A new finite-state method is proposed which has been designed for use in biotechnological processes, in particular for the control of the pH in acidic waste water.The automation of expedient behaviour takes into account the non-linear character of the process and a good control stability in spite of variations in the influent acidic concentration, dissociation constant of the acid and change of the pH set point.To design the controller with the proposed method, no model of the process is required. Simulation studies show that expedient behaviour of an automaton in a random medium for the control of the pH neutralization process can give a good performance.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170109
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  • 142
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Conference announcement (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 104-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170115
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  • 143
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Seminar announcement (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 122-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170203
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  • 144
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Characteristics of a microbial assay for the detection of halogenated hydrocarbons using cells of an actinomycete-like organism as a biological component (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 123-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Cells of an Actinomycete-like bacterium, strain GJ70, with the ability to degrade several haloalkanes were used as a biological component in a discontinuous microbial bioassay for the detection of 1,3-dichloropropene and 1,2-dibromoethane in water. The cells were entrapped in different matrices such as calcium alginate, carrageenan, chitosan, polyacrylamide-hydrazide and chitosan-carboxy-methyl cellulose; the specific dehalogenating activity of the immobilized cells to a stirred sample solution and by the use of an ion selective electrode (ISE) for the quantification of enzymatically released halogen ions, the concentration of halogenated hydrocarbons could be estimated by determining the change of electrode potential within a period of 5 min. The detection limits for 1,3-dichloropropene and 1,2-dibromoethane were below 100 μg/l and 25 μg/l, respectively; the relative standard deviation was 〈 10%. In addition, several chlorinated and brominated hgydrocarbons were converted by the bacterial cells at a reduced rate e.g. 1, 2-dibromopropane, 1-bromoethane, 1,5-dichloropentane, etc. Moreover, temperatures of between 20 and 40%C did not affect the enzymatic activity of the cells, and a pH of between at 5 and 9 had little influence. Several organic substances and non-metabolizable compounds did not affect the conversion, whereas some heavy metal ions acted as inhibitors.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170204
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  • 145
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Kinetics for the life sciences: Receptors, transmitters and catalysts. Cambridge University Press, 346 pages, 42 figures; £ 17.95 (US$ 29.95), ISBN 0-521-48586-X (paperback) (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 363-363 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170413
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  • 146
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Immobilization of enzymes and cells. Methods in biotechnology™ 1. Totowa (New Jersey): Humana Press, 1997, 367 pages, 72 figures, 14 tables; US $ 79.50, ISBN 0-896-03386-4 (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 159-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170206
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  • 147
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Internationale Praxis Gentechnikrecht IP-GenTR, EG-Recht und Länderrecht. Heidelberg: C. F. Müller Verlag, Hüthig GmbH, 1134 pages; DM 198, ISBN 3-8114-0701-5 (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 184-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170209
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  • 148
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Degradation of sugar cane bagasse by several white-rot fungi (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 177-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Forty-two white-rot fungi isolated in South America were incubated with long fibre sugar cane bagasse (LFB). The residual composition of LFB was determined after white-rot decay at 30 and 60 days. The ratio of residual lignin to residual lignin to residual cellulose (RL/RC) of untreated material (LFB) was 0.48. After white-rot-decay, the residual material with lower RL/RC ratios indicated that mainly lignin was degraded. In only 30 days, Phlebia sp. MVHC 5535, Athelia sp. MVHC 5509 and Spongipellis pachyodon MVHC 5019 caused a decrease in the RL/RC ratio to 0.36, 0.37 and 0.38, respectively, while it took 60 days for Ganoderma applanatum MVHC 5347, Hyphodontia sp. MVHC 5544, Panus tigrinus MVHC 5400, Stereum sp. MVHC 5113, Phellinus punctatus MVHC 5346 and MVHC 6388 to reach a ratio lower than 0.40. No correlation was found between the amount of some ligninolytic enzymes secreted and the residual composition of bagasse after white-rot fungi fermentation. Most of the fungal strains caused an increase in the relative amount of residual cellulose, indicating that hemicellulose was the preferred energy source.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170208
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  • 149
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Conference announcement (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 202-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170213
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  • 150
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    PCR Essential techniques. Chichester, New York, Brisbane, Toronto, Singapore: John Wiley & Sons, 153 pages; £ 16.99, ISBN 0-471-95697-X (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 194-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170211
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  • 151
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    α-Galactosidase in immobilized cells of Papaver somniferum L. (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 195-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A poppy cell suspension culture was permeabilized by Tween 80 and immobilized by glutaraldehyde. The α-Galactosidase in these cells showed an optimum pH level at 5.2 and an optimum temperature at 70 °C. Enzyme hydrolysis was linear for 3 h, reaching 86% conversion. A very good level of storage stability was achieved when using dry catalyst and immobilized cells in 0.15 M NaCl solution (with the addition of chloramphenicol, [1-methyldodecy1)-dimethylamin-4-oxide (ATDNO), chlortetracycline hydrochloride (CLCTC)] or by freezing them in 0.15 M NaCl solution.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170212
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  • 152
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Bioextraction and biodeterioration of metals. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 372 pages: £ 70, ISBN 0 521 41757 0 (hardback) (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 221-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170303
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  • 153
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Lebensmittel-Biotechnologie und Ernáhrung. Probleme und Lösungsansátze. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, London, Paris, Tokyo, Hong Kong: Springer-Verlag, 1997, 326 pages, 71 figures, 97 tables; DM 78. ISBN 3-540-61135-5 (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 240-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170307
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  • 154
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    In Situ Polymerase chain reaction and related technology. Basel, Berlin, Boston: Birkhäuser Verlag AG, 149 pages, 31 figures; DM 68, ISBN 3-7643-3870-9 (hardcover) (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 308-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170405
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  • 155
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The European patent office's case law and the patentability of biotechnological inventions. Köln, Berlin, Bonn, München: Carl Heymanns Verlag, 1997, 379 pages; DM 120 (paperback), ISBN 3-452-23627-7 (2nd edition) (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 326-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170407
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  • 156
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The role of formate for the growth of Rhodococcus opacus UFZ B 408 on pyridine (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 291-307 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: R. opacus UFZ B 408 is able to use pyridine, a potentially growth-inhibiting substrate, as the sole source of carbon, energy and nitrogen. In a previous publication [1] we reported that with the simultaneous utilization of a second carbon and energy source in carbon-substrate-limited chemostat culture, stable steady states could be achieved at higher dilution rates than with growth on pyridine as the sole substrate. Owing to the higher growth yield during growth on such a substrate mixture, both the specific pyridine consumption rates and the residual pyridine concentrations were lower at similar dilution rates than with growth on pyridine alone. Therefore, the critical growth-inhibitory pyridine concentration was only achieved at a higher dilution rate.With the investigations presented here in carbon-substrate-limited continuous culture, the simultaneous utilization of pyridine and formate by R. opacus UFZ B 408 was studied. The yield coefficient during growth on pyridine as the sole substrate amounted to about 0.55 g dry mass/g pyridine. Theoretically, however, the carbon-metabolism-determined yield coefficient should have been about 0.915 g dry mass/g pyridine. Because of the difference between these two values the conclusion was drawn that pyridine is energetically deficient. That means that during growth on pyridine a part of the substrate was dissimilated to supply the energy required for the incorporation of the pyridine carbon into biomass. Formate cannot be used as a carbon source for growth by R. opacus UFZ B 408. However, with growth on pyridine, formate was oxidized simultaneously. During growth on pyridine/formate mixtures, the yield coefficient could be enhanced up to 0.7 g dry mass/g pyridine. That means that biologically usable energy, generated in the course of the formate oxidation, was used for the assimilation of pyridine carbon. The increase in the yield coefficient was related to the utilization ratio of formate to pyridine in a linear manner. However, the carbon-metabolism-determined yield coefficient of 0.915 g dry mass/g pyridine could not be achieved. That can be put down to the fact that R. opacus UFZ B 408 possesses only a limited capacity to oxidize externally supplied formate. Because of the limited formate oxidation capacity the probability is low that, with simultaneous utilization of formate, stable steady states could be achieved at substantially higher dilution rates than with growth on pyridine alone.Enzymatic studies revealed the induction of both NAD(P)+-linked glutaric dialdehyde dehydrogenase and isocitrate lyase during growth on pyridine. Therefore, the conclusion was drawn that pyridine is metabolized by R. opacus UFZ B 408 via the same pathway described for the utilization of pyridine by Nocardia Z1 [2]. This conclusion implies that the ability to oxidize formate represents a metabolic performance which seems not to be directly related to the pyridine metabolism of R. opacus UFZ B 408.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170404
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  • 157
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Umweltverschmutzung: Ökologische Aspekte und biologische Behandlung. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Verlag, 1996, 344 pages, 57 figures, 24 tables; hardcover DM 98, ISBN 3-540-58726-8 (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 338-338 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170409
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  • 158
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hydrolysis and transformation of cellulose with Aspergillus niger IBT-90 enzymes (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 339-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Hydrolysis and transformation of Fibrenier cellulose (USA) with enzymes from Aspergillus niger IBT-90 was studied. The process was performed at 50°C and pH 4.8 for 24 h using an enzyme complex either as a properly diluted culture filtrate or as a mixture of isolated and purified enzymes from A.niger IBT-90. In the latter experiments, enzyme-substrate ratios expressed as units of activity per 1 g of cellulose were as follows: endoglucanase E1 and E2, 40; β-glucosidase, 40 and cellobio-hydrolase, 2. Cellulose concentration was 5%. It was proved that the crude celluloytic complex from A. niger IBT-90 exhibits higher efficiency in the decomposition of cellulose in comparison to the mixture of enzymes isolated from this complex, as was revealed in assays of reducing sugars and determinations of light transmission throughout cellulose fibres using a computer analysis of the microscopic image. Comparison of both the endoglucanases E1 and E2 showed that the first enzyme is more active against cellulose. It liberated more reducing sugars and caused more significant decomposition of fibres. The predominant effect of the endoglucanase E2 was a smoothing of the fibre surface. The cellobiohydrolase split a cellulose fibre into many short fibres.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170410
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  • 159
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Masthead (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170101
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  • 160
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Gentechnik. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, Jena, 1996, 512 pages, 206 figures, 43 tables; DM 45.80 ISBN 3-8252-1290-4 (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 90-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170112
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  • 161
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Research and development of vaccines and pharmaceuticals from biotechnology, (a guide to effective project management, patenting and product registration). Weinheim, New York, Basel, Cambridge, Tokyo: VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, 173 pages, 3 figures, 39 tables; DM 98,- ISBN 3-527-30059-7 (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 103-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170114
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  • 162
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Application of statistical selection procedures for selecting the mutant with the highest enzyme activity from a set of mutants of the species Aspergillus niger (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 91-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The enzyme Glucoamylase [1,4-α-D-glucan-glucohydrolase EC 3.2.1.3] is very important for the food industry. It is used for producing glucose, ethanol and beer, as well as in technological processes that require the decomposition of starch. Eight mutants of the species Aspergillus niger are evaluated and tested with respect to their production of Glucoamylase and proved to be suitable. The task is to find the mutant showing the highest enzyme activity with a given precision. Conventionally, this kind of multiple decision problem is handled by the analysis of variance (Model I), which tests the homogeneity of the population means, but in this case the results do not supply the desired information. Provided that the enzyme activities of the mutants are different, selection procedures can be used to choose the mutant with the “best” or at least a “good” level of activity.In this paper, a short methodical summary about the two classes of selection procedures is given, i.e. the indifference zone (and d-correct) procedures and the subset procedures. By the example of the selection of a mutant with high enzyme activity the planning of experiments is shown. Depending on suppositions about the variances, different selection rules are applied. Starting with the subset procedure of GUPTA, the number of mutants is reduced to seven. The following application of the d-correct procedures of BECHHOFER, DUNNETT and SOBEL allow us to calculate the necessary sample size of n = 49. Then the mutant whose sample has the largest mean will be selected as a “good” one with a given precision of d = 4 [u/l] and a probability of correct selection of (1-β) = 0.9This application is result of a cooperation between the Dept. of Food of the Technical University, Berlin, and the Dept. of Biotechnology of the Higher Institute of Food and Flavour Industry, Plovdiv, sponsored by the DAAD andthe TU Berlin.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170113
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  • 163
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Masthead (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170201
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  • 164
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Studies on cultivation, biological efficiency and chemical analysis of Pleurotus sajor-caju (FR.) SINGER on different bio-wastes (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 107-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Three different kinds of biomass, namely Populus deltoides, Eupatorium adenophorum and sericulture waste were used individually for the cultivation of Pleurotus sajor-caju, alone and mixed with paddy straw. P. sajor-caju, when used alone, exhibited a very good colonizing ability on these substrates, except in sericulture waste. The biological efficiency of P. deltoides and E. adenophorum when used as pure substrate was 75 and 77%, respectively, but it increased to 102% when P. sajor-caju was cultivated in a mixture with paddy straw in a ratio of 1:2. Experiments examining the growth on sericulture waste in both pure and mixed substrate are encouraging. From the analysis of substrate before and after the cultivation of P. sajor-caju it was noted that subsstrates were enriched in their protein content as a result of growth of this mushroom. The percentage of degradation of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin showed that P. sajor-caju is capable of utilizing all three major components. The fruit bodies of P. sajor-caju were analyzed for crude protein content, crude fat and carbohydrate content. The energy values in the fruit bodies of P. sajor-caju and different organic wastes were found to vary from 282 to 309 kcal/100 g and from 319 to 467 kcal/100 g, respectively. It was found, however, that the energy recovery from organic wastes by fruit bodies was very low, i.e. 4.19-8.73 kcal/100g of dry substrate.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170202
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  • 165
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Formation of aminium lactates in lactic acid fermentation preparation and characterization of 1,4-piperazinium-(L,L)-dilactate obtained from L(+)-lactic acid (part I) (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 3-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The potential for the production of 1,4-piperazinium-(L, L)-dilactate from L(+)-lactic acid preparations obtained by fermentation was studied. Piperazinium dilactate was found to be a very suitable source material for poly(lactic acid) production. In a novel polymerization process, the intermediate dilactide was directly formed in the salt melt at a moderate temperature. High-performance cultivation of Lactobacillus paracasei on a glucose-MRS medium was carried out using high-viability inocula. After the cell mass had been removed from the fermentation broth by centrifugation and/or ultrafiltration, the lactic acid solution was concentrated to 45% [w/w] by a two-stage electrodialysis process. Two methods of preparing 1,4-piperazinium dilactate were developed: the first from the medium-concentrated lactic acid (45%) and the second from a highly-concentrated lactic acid (85%) obtained by evaporation from the first one. Because there were no physical data on 1,4-piperazinium-(L, L)-dilactate in specialized literature, the pure product was characterized according to its solubility characteristics, melting point and spectroscopic analysis.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170102
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  • 166
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Selection of yeast strain and fermentation conditions for high-yield ethanol production from lactose and concentrated whey (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 51-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A total of 65 yeast strains were screened for their ability to grow and ferment lactose in a standard DURHAM tube test at 30 °C. Based on the kinetic parameters for lactose and whey lactose fermentations in shake flask cultures, the strain Candida psedotropicalis 65 was chosen for further studies.Some of the cultural parameters affecting ethanolic fermentations on lactose were standardized. At an initial lactose concentration of 100-120 g/l in the medium containing concentrated whey or lactose, at 40 °C and within 48 h, the selected strain reached an ethanol concentration of 41-59 g/l, an ethanol productivity of 1.3-3.0 g/l/h, a lactose consumption of 99%, an ethanol yield 0.4-0.49 g/g and a biomass yield of 0.027 g/g.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170105
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  • 167
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Protein engineering. Principles and practice. New York, Chichester, Brisbane, Toronto, Singapore:, Wiley-Liss, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 104 figures, 33 tables, 518 pages; £ 55, ISBN 0-471-10354-3 (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 62-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170106
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  • 168
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ethanol fermentation of HTST extruded rye grain by bacteria and yeasts (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 63-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: High temperature extrusion cooking of rye was used as a pretreatment for ethanol fermentation, and yeasts and bacteria were compared for their fermentation rates. Extrusion cooking caused, on average, a 7.5% increase in ethanol yield in comparison to autoclaved samples. The best results were achieved for grain with a moisture of 21-23% which was extruded at temperatures of 160-180 °C.Extrusion decreased the relative viscosity of rye grain water extracts, so it was possible to mash it without α-amylase. The efficiency of fermentation of extruded rye without Termamyl was equal to that of autoclaved and traditionally mashed rye (using α-amylase).The rate of fermentation of extruded rye grain by Zymomonas was higher during the first stage, but the final ethanol yield was similar for the bacterium and the yeast.Though both microorganisms gave good quality distillates, the concentration of compounds other than ethanol achieved from extruded rye mashes, which were fermented by Z. mobilis, was five times lower than for yeasts.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170107
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  • 169
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Biotechnology. A multi-volume comprehensive treatise completely revised 2nd edition. Volume 9. Enzymes, biomass, food and feed. Weinheim, New York, Basel, Cambridge, Tokyo: VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, ISBN 0-527-28319-6 (Weinheim). Single volume price: DM 520.00, Series Price: DM 390.00 per volume. Series ISBN 3-527-28310-2 (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 81-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170110
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  • 170
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Correlation between hypericin content and the ploidy of somaclones of Hypericum perforatum L. (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 83-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: An altered ploidy level was observed in plants regenerated by adventitious shoot formation from seedlings of Hypericum prformatum L. (2n = 4x = 32). Among the somaclones of the Ro generation, the presence of diploids (2n = 2x = 16), triraploids (2n = 3x = 24), tetraploids (2n = 4x = 32) and mixoploids was detected. Cytogenetic analyses of the R1 and R2 progenies showed that the chromosomal instability of the Ro somaclones was transferred onto the next generation.While almost all the seed progeny of diploids (100% in R1 and 94% in R2) progenies showed that the chromosomal instability of the Ro somaclones was transferred onto the next generations.While almost all the seed progeny of diploids (100% in R1 and 94% in R2) and more than 60% of tetraploids (61% in R1 and 73% in R2) retained their chromosome number, cytogenetic diversity was observed in the progeny of triploids, mixoploids and some tetraploids.Somaclones and their offspring were analyzed for hypericin content. Statistical evaluation showed a correlation between hypericin content and ploidy during a two-year cultivation of R0 somaclones and in their R1 and R2 progenies.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170111
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  • 171
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Advances in biosensors. Biosensors: A Russian perspective (vol. 3). London (England), Greenwich (Conn., USA): JAI Press Ltd., 300 (approx.) pages, 103 figures, 19 tables, 8 schemes; £ 62.50, ISBN 1-55938-535-9 (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 222-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170304
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  • 172
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Estimation of biological kinetic parameters from an analysis of the BOD curve of waste waters-effects of a chemical preoxidation (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 207-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Urban waste waters were treated with pure ozone or combinations of ozone, hydrogen peroxide and/or UV radiation to study the course of resulting BOD (biological oxygen demand)-time profiles and to propose a kinetic model. BOD-time profiles of chemically treated waste waters show an initial lag period that first order kinetic models cannot describe. A second order kinetic model is then proposed that satisfactorily fits experimental BOD-time profiles, except when hydrogen peroxide has been used. In these cases, BOD-time profiles present the highest lag periods observed. By applying this model, three parameters are determined: the biokinetic constant (k) which is an index of the biological removal rate; the potential amount of biodegradable matter (BODT), and the measure of the size of inocula and microbial activities of microoganisms (λ). The model was checked with experimental results of BOD-time profiles corresponding to both untreated and chemically ozonated urban waste waters. Ozonated waste waters showed the highest values of k and BODT, which implies an improvement of waste water biodegradability after ozonation. However, values of λ corresponding to ozonated waste waters presented lower values than those of untreated waste waters. This was due to the lag period observed in the BOD-time profile, which was a consequence of a lack of microorganism acclimation to ozonated waste waters. The effect of the ozone does, pH and carbonates during ozonation on COD (chemical oxygen demand) and the above indicated parameters was also studied. There was an optimum ozone dose which was 138 mg/l for this specific system. This led to the highest biodegradable fraction (ϕ) and the highest biokinetic constant (39% increase in ϕ and 4.7- fold increase in the value of k, respectively, compared to untreated waste waters.). Another significant fact was that a higher COD reduction was observed in the absence of carbonate during ozonation at basic pH values. In addition, the percentage of variation in the biodegradable fraction (Δϕ) of ozonated waste water increased compared to the untreated waste water at acid pH. The results suggest that ozonolysis, the direct molecular ozone way of reaction, due to its selective character, increases the biodegradability of waste water more than other chemically advanced oxidation processes based on hydroxyl radical reactions.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170302
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  • 173
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Degradation of waste waters from olive oil mills by Yarrowia lipolytica ATCC 20255 and Pseudomonas putida (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 231-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Waste waters from olive oil processing may cause severe pollution in the Mediterranean area, since they have a high level of chemical oxygen demand (COD) (100-200 g/l) and contain other organic and inorganic compounds. In all olive oil producing countries, the reduction of pollution in olive oil mill waste waters at reasonable costs and using techniques suitable for most industrial applications is an unsolved problem.For this paper, the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica ATCC 20255 was grown on waste waters from an olive oil mill in a 3.5 1 fermenter under batch culture conditions.The results showed that the yeast was capable of reducing the COD value by 80% in 24 h. In this way, a useful biomass of 22.45 g/l as single cell protein (SCP) and enzyme lipase were produced.During this process, most of the organic and inorganic substances were consumed, only aromatic pollutants were still present in the fermentation effluents. Therefore, we used a phenol degrader, namely Pseudomonas putida, to reduce phenolic compounds in the fermentation effuents after removing Yarrowia lipolytica cells. P. putida was effective in reducing phenols in only 12 h.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170306
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  • 174
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Handbuch des Umweltschutzes und der Umweltschutztechnik, Band 2: Produktions- und produktintegrierter Umweltschutz. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, Barcelona, Budapest, Hong Kong, London, Mailand, Paris, Santa Clara, Singapore, Tokyo: Springer-Verlag, 1996, XXXVII + 1174 pages, 523 figures, 134 tables; 118 DM, ISBN 3-540-58059-x (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 290-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170403
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  • 175
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Growth and formation of poly (hydroxybutyric acid) by Methylobacterium rhodesianum at methanol concentrations of above 25 g/I (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 279-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Methylobacterium rhodesianum MB 126 was cultivated using extended cultures without outflow. The feeding regime was based on the pH-regulated synchronous dosages of ammonia, methanol, phosphatc and trace elements according to supposed stoichiometric relations. The acidity of the culture medium was kept constant at pH 6.8, whereas the dissolved oxygen concentration was adjusted at 80% of saturation by autoregulation of the stirrer speed. However, besides testing technical conditions, two types of fermentations were discovered which are described in this paper. Firstly, although at the beginning of the bioprocesses the impeller speed increased up to 2,000 rpm, a decrease of dissolved oxygen down to zero was unavoidable. Secondly, methanol was accumulated temporarily up to 44 g/l and 26 g/l at 23 h of fermentation time and without inhibition of growth at least up to 30 g/l or PHB production. During this accumulation of the carbon substrate, exponential growth phases were detected showing growth rates of μ = 0.20/h and 0.21/h. But then, phases of retarded growth followed, whereas the methanol disappeared either continuously or after a steady level. In the course of a 54-h fermentation period, the synthesized PHB amounted to a content of above 50% of cell dry mass. From this data, a volumetric productivity of 0.4 g PHB/lxh was estimated. Moreover, the growth related yield coefficients were calculated to YX/MeOH = 0.21 and YX/MeOH = 0.14, whereas the product related yield coefficients amounted to YPHB/MeOH = 0.12 and YPHB/MeOH = 0,09. Since the shift down of growth rates as well as the production of PHB agreed in time with partial oxygen limitation (40% oxygen saturation), the competition observed between the tricarboxylic acid cycle and PHB synthesis was discussed. Summarizing the results, it was concluded that the frequently described inhibitory effect of methanol of above 2 g/l seems to be rather an effect of experimentally chosen conditions than of a general physiological phenomenon. Therefore, it could be demonstrated that the toxicity of methanol could be overcome if it was not dosed at different times but simultaneously with other medium components.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170402
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  • 176
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Masthead (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 12 (1996) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320120301
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  • 177
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Current awareness on yeast (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 12 (1996), S. 299-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320120302
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  • 178
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Pyruvate decarboxylase: An indispensable enzyme for growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on glucose (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 12 (1996), S. 247-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): pyruvate decarboxylase ; sugar metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; metabolic compartmentation ; acetyl-CoA ; Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the structural genes PDC1, PDC5 and PDC6 each encode an active pyruvate decarboxylase. Replacement mutations in these genes were introduced in a homothallic wild-type strain, using the dominant marker genes APT1 and Tn5ble. A pyruvate-decarboxylase-negative (Pdc-) mutant lacking all three PDC genes exhibited a three-fold lower growth rate in complex medium with glucose than the isogenic wild-type strain. Growth in batch cultures on complex and defined media with ethanol was not impaired in Pdc- strains. Furthermore, in ethanol-limited chemostat cultures, the biomass yield of Pdc- and wild-type S. cerevisiae were identical. However, Pdc- S. cerevisiae was unable to grow in batch cultures on a defined mineral medium with glucose as the sole carbon source. When aerobic, ethanol-limited chemostat cultures (D = 0·10 h-1) were switched to a feed containing glucose as the sole carbon source, growth ceased after approximately 4 h and, consequently, the cultures washed out. The mutant was, however, able to grow in chemostat cultures on mixtures of glucose and small amounts of ethanol or acetate (5% on a carbon basis). No growth was observed when such cultures were used to inoculate batch cultures on glucose. Furthermore, when the mixed-substrate cultures were switched to a feed containing glucose as the sole carbon source, wash-out occurred. It is concluded that the mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex cannot function as the sole source of acetyl-CoA during growth of S. cerevisiae on glucose, neither in batch cultures nor in glucose-limited chemostat cultures.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 179
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effects of a novel DNA-damaging agent on the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell cycle (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 12 (1996), S. 349-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; rad9 ; mutant ; alkylating agents ; cell cycle ; checkpoints ; Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: We have investigated the effects on Saccharomyces cerevisiae of a novel antitumour agent (FCE24517 or Tallimustine) which causes selective alkylations to adenines in the minor groove of DNA. Tallimustine, added to wild-type cells for short periods, reduced the growth rate and increased the percentage of budded cells and delayed the cell cycle in the late S+G2+M phases. In the rad9Δ null mutant cells, Tallimustine treatment did not affect growth rate and the percentage of budded cells but greatly reduced cell viability compared to isogenic cells. Consistent with a role of RAD9 in inducing a transient delay in G2 phase which preserves cell viability, the potent cytotoxic effect of the drug on rad9Δ cells was alleviated by treatment with nocodazole. Tallimustine was also found to delay the resumption from G1 arrest of wild-type but not of rad9Δ cells. These data indicate that the effects of Tallimustine on cell cycle progression in yeast are mediated by the RAD9 gene product. From our data it appears that yeast could be a valuable model system to study the mode of action of this alkylating drug and of minor groove alkylators in general.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 180
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Physical mapping of a centromere-proximal region of chromosome IV-l defines the placement of genes USO1, MBP1, PSA1 and SLC1 (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 12 (1996), S. 411-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; chromosome IV ; USO1 ; INT1 ; MBP1 ; PSA1 ; SLC1 ; YLA1 ; Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: A physical map of a 14·5 kb region close to the centromere on the left arm of chromosome IV of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is presented. This map has been constructed by restriction analysis of a clone from a YCp50 genomic library and by use of pre-existing and new sequence data from this region. The map reveals the following gene order (reading from the most centromere-distal to the most centromere-proximal locus): USO1/INT1-MBP1-PSA1-SLC1-YLA1 and defines the size of the open reading frames and intergenic regions.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 181
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Sequencing a cosmid clone of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome XIV reveals 12 new open reading frames (ORFs) and an ancient duplication of six ORFs (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 12 (1996), S. 391-402 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): yeast ; gene duplication ; ribosomal protein ; dnaJ homologue ; fork head domain ; Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: A sequence of 31431 bp located on the left arm of chromosome (chr.) XIV from Saccharomyces cerevisiae was analysed. A total of 18 open reading frames (ORFs) could be identified. Twelve ORFs are new, two of which are most likely ribosomal protein genes, leaving ten ORFs of unknown function. Nine of the 18 ORFs show either at least 20% overall amino acid identity or significant regional homology to other S. cerevisiae ORFs. Additionally, six of these nine ORFs have homologues of similar size and the same transcriptional orientation within a stretch of 50 kb on chromosome IX. The degree of homology ranges from 90% overall identity to 23% in 375 amino acids. The homologues on chromosome IX are grouped in two blocks that are separated by relatively long ORFs. This is the first example of a multi-gene duplication in S. cerevisiae not linked to a centromere or subtelomere region. The sequence has been deposited in the EMBL data library under Accession Number X86470.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 182
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Masthead (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 12 (1996) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320120401
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  • 183
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Genomic reorganization between two sibling yeast species, Saccharomyces bayanus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 12 (1996), S. 757-764 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Saccharomyces bayanus ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; chromosomal rearrangement ; translocation ; Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Genomic comparison of two sibling yeast species, Saccharomyces bayanus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, was performed by Southern blot analysis with various S. cerevisiae gene probes following electrophoretic karyotyping. Fifteen genes on chromosome IV of S. cerevisiae were examined and classified into two groups. Gene probes of CEN4 and TRP1, as well as six other genes located on the left arm of the chromosome hybridized to a 1100-kb chromosome of S. bayanus that is smaller than chromosome IV of S. cerevisiae. On the other hand, probes of seven genes located on the right arm of chromosome IV hybridized to a 1350-kb chromosome that is homeologous to chromosome IV, judging from its size. Two genes located on the left arm of chromosome II hybridized to the 1350-kb chromosome, while four genes on the right arm hybridized to the 1100-kb chromosome. These pieces of evidence indicate that chromosomes II and IV of S. cerevisiae are rearranged into 1350-kb and 1100-kb chromosomes in S. bayanus. Furthermore, it is suggested that chromosome XV is rearranged into two chromosomes (800 and 850 kb in size) in S. bayanus. The translocation points of chromosomes II and IV were delimited using S. cerevisiae prime clone membranes. The results indicated that the translocation points are located close to the FUR4 locus on chromosome II and close to the RAD57 locus on chromosome IV.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 184
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Vacuolar and extracellular maturation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae proteinase A (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 12 (1996), S. 823-832 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): aspartyl protease ; proteolytic activation ; zymogen ; yeast ; Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The vacuolar aspartyl protease proteinase A (PrA) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is encoded as a preproenzyme by the PEP4 gene and transported to the vacuole via the secretory route. Upon arrival of the proenzyme proPrA to the vacuole, active mature 42 kDa PrA is generated by specific proteolysis involving the vacuolar endoprotease proteinase B (PrB). Vacuolar activation of proPrA can also take place in mutants lacking PrB activity (prb1). Here an active 43 kDa species termed pseudoPrA is formed, probably by an autocatalytic process. When the PEP4 gene is overexpressed in wild-type cells, mature PrA can be found in the growth medium. We have found that prb1 strains overexpressing PEP4 can form pseudoPrA extracellularly. N-terminal amino acid sequence determination of extracellular, as well as vacuolar pseudoPrA showed that it contains nine amino acids of the propeptide, indicating a cleavage between Phe67 and Ser68 of the preproenzyme. This cleavage site is in accordance with the known substrate preference for PrA, supporting the notion that pseudoPrA is formed by autoactivation. When a multicopy PEP4 transformant of a prb1 mutant was grown in the presence of the aspartyl protease inhibitor pepstatin A, a significant level of proPrA was found in the growth medium. Our analyses show that overexpression of PEP4 leads to the secretion of proPrA to the growth medium where the zymogen is converted to pseudoPrA or mature PrA in a manner similar to the vacuolar processing reactions. Amino acid sequencing of secreted proPrA confirmed the predicted cleavage by signal peptidase between Ala22 and Lys23 of the preproenzyme.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 185
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Identification of ACT4, a novel essential actin-related gene in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 12 (1996), S. 839-848 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): actin-related protein ; DAPI staining ; gene disruption ; chromosome X ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Actin molecules are major cytoskeleton components of all eukaryotic cells. All conventional actins that have been identified so far are 374-376 amino acids in size and exhibit at least 70% amino acid sequence identity when compared with one another. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, one conventional actin gene ACT1 and three so-called actin-related genes, ACT2, ACT3 and ACT5, have been identified. We report here the discovery of a new actin-related gene in this organism, which we have named ACT4. The deduced protein, Act4, of 449 amino acids, exhibits only 33·4%, 26·7%, 23·4% and 29·2% identity to Act1, Act2, Act3 and Act5, respectively. In contrast, it is 68·4% identical to the product of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe Act2 gene and has a similar level of identity to other Sch. pombe Act2 homologues. This places Act4 in the Arp3 family of actin-related proteins. ACT4 gene disruption and tetrad analysis demonstrate that this gene is essential for the vegetative growth of yeast cells. The act4 mutants exhibit heterogenous morphological phenotypes. We hypothesize that Act4 may have multiple roles in the cell cycle. The sequence has been deposited in the Genome Sequence Data Base under Accession Number L37111.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 186
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The targeting of bacillus subtilis levansucrase in yeast is correlated to both the hydrophobicity of the signal peptide and the net charge of the N-terminus mature part (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 12 (1996), S. 953-963 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Heterologous gene expression ; levansucrase ; signal peptide ; B. subtilis ; S. cerevisiae ; Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: We compared the ability of signal sequences from various Bacillus or yeast secreted proteins to direct Bacillus subtilis levansucrase into the secretion pathway of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The efficiency of these sequences correlated with the overall hydrophobicity of their h-domain and was independent of their origin. Furthermore, the net charge of the proximal protein sequence downstream from the signal sequence contributed to the competence of the heterologous proteins to be secreted by yeast. Modification of this net charge allowed the protein to be translocated under the control of the yeast invertase signal sequence. Moreover, glycosylation of levansucrase did not modify significantly the fructosyl polymerase activity.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 187
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Characterization of the SAC3 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 12 (1996), S. 965-975 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): act1-1 ; SAC3 ; ConA-labelling ; Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: A temperature-sensitive mutation (act1-1) in the essential actin gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae can be suppressed by mutations in the SAC3 gene. A DNA fragment containing the SAC3 gene was sequenced. SAC3 codes for a 150 kDa hydrophillic protein which does not show any significant similarities with other proteins in the databases. Sac3 therefore is a novel yeast protein. A nuclear localization of Sac3 is suggested by the presence of a putative nuclear localization signal in the Sac3 sequence. A SAC3 disruption mutation was constructed. SAC3 disruption mutants were viable but grew more slowly and were larger than wild-type cells. In contrast to the sac3-1 mutation, the SAC3 disruption was not able to suppress the temperature sensitivity and the osmosensitivity of the act1-1 mutant. This demonstrates that act1-1 suppression by sac3-1 is not the result of a simple loss of SAC3 function. Furthermore, we examined the act1-1 and the sac3 mutants for defects in polarized cell growth by FITC-Concanavalin A (Con A)-labelling. The sac3 mutants showed a normal ConA-labelling pattern. In the act1-1 mutant, however, upon shift to non-permissive temperature, newly synthesized cell wall material, instead of being directed towards the bud, was deposited at discrete spots in the mother cell.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 188
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Current awareness on yeast (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 12 (1996), S. 991-998 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320121002
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  • 189
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A computer filtering method to drive out tiny genes from the yeast genomeThis paper is dedicated to the memory of Angelos Kalogeropoulos who left us prematurely. (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 12 (1996), S. 1163-1178 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Gene prediction ; correspondence analysis ; functional analysis ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The authors of the first yeast chromosome sequence defined a minimum threshold requirement of 100 codons, above which an open reading frame (ORF) is retained as a putative coding sequence. However, at least 58 yeast genes shorter than 100 codons have an assigned protein function. Therefore, the yeast genome may contain other tiny but functionally important genes that are discarded from analyses by this simple filtering rule.We have established discriminant functions from the in-phase hexamer frequencies of functional genes and of simulated ORFs derived from a stationary Markov chain model. Fifty-two out of the 58 genes were recognized as coding ORFs by our discriminating method. The test was also applied to all the small ORFs (36 to 100 codons) found in the intergenic regions of published chromosomes. It retained 140 new potential tiny coding sequences, among which we identified seven new genes by similarity searches. Our method, used conjointly with similarity searches, can also highlight sequencing errors resulting from the disruption of the coding frame of longer ORFs. This method, by its ability to detect potential coding ORFs, can be a very useful tool for functional analysis.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 190
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The S. cerevisiae nitrogen starvation-induced Yvh1p and Ptp2p phosphatases play a role in control of sporulation (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 12 (1996), S. 1135-1151 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; sporulation ; phosphatase ; nitrogen metabolism ; gene regulation ; Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Starvation for nitrogen in the absence of a fermentable carbon source causes diploid Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells to leave vegetative growth, enter meiosis, and sporulate; the former nutritional condition also induces expression of the YVH1 gene that encodes a protein phosphatase. This correlation prompted us to determine whether the Yvh1p phosphatase was a participant in the network that controls the onset of meiosis and sporulation. We found that expression of the IME2 gene, encoding a protein kinase homologue required for meiosis- and sporulation-specific gene expression, is decreased in a yvh1 disrupted strain. We also observed a decrease, albeit a smaller one, in the expression of IME1 which encodes an activator protein required for IME2 expression. Under identical experimental conditions, expression of the MCK1 and IME4 genes (which promote sporulation but do not require Ime1p for expression) was not affected. These results demonstrate the specificity of the yvh1 disruption phenotype. They suggest that decreased steady-state levels of IME1 and IME2 mRNA were not merely the result of non-specific adverse affects on nucleic acid metabolism caused by the yvh1 disruption. Sporulation of a homozygous yvh1 disruption mutant was delayed and less efficient overall compared to an isogenic wild-type strain, a result which correlates with decreased IME1 and IME2 gene expression. We also observed that expression of the PTP2 tyrosine phosphatase gene (a negative regulator of the osmosensing MAP kinase cascade), but not the PTP1 gene (also encoding a tyrosine phosphatase) was induced by nitrogen-starvation. Although disruption of PTP2 alone did not demonstrably affect sporulation or IME2 gene expression, sporulation was decreased more in a yvh1, ptp2 double mutant than in a yvh1 single mutant; it was nearly abolished in the double mutant. These data suggest that the YVH1 and PTP2 encoded phosphatases likely participate in the control network regulating meiosis and sporulation. Expression of YVH1 and PTP2 was not affected by nitrogen source quality (asparagine compared to proline) suggesting that nitrogen starvation-induced YVH1 and PTP2 expression and sensitivity to nitrogen catabolite repression are on two different branches of the nitrogen regulatory network.
    Zusätzliches Material: 11 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 191
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Masthead (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 12 (1996) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320121101
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  • 192
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Current awareness on yeast (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 12 (1996), S. 1179-1186 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320121102
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  • 193
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cloning of Candida albicans SEC14 gene homologue coding for a putative essential function (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 12 (1996), S. 1097-1105 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): SEC14 ; Candida albicans ; protein secretion ; pathogenic fungi ; PI-TP ; Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The yeast SEC14 gene product is required for the transport of proteins from the Golgi complex. We have cloned the homologous Candida albicans SEC14 gene (CaSEC14) by functional complementation of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae thermosensitive mutant, sec14. Some putative TATA boxes have been identified in CaSEC14 and, contrary to S. cerevisiae SEC14, no introns were found in the Candida homologue. Sequence analysis revealed that CaSec14p is a 301 amino acid protein, 67% identical to S. cerevisiae and Kluyveromyces lactis Sec14p, and 61% identical to the 300 amino-terminal residues of Yarrowia lipolytica Sec14p. Hydrophatic profile analysis of CaSec14p suggests a soluble protein without transmembrane domains, as has been described for the S. cerevisiae counterpart. While it was easy to disrupt one allele of SEC14 in C. albicans, repeated attempts to disrupt the second allele were unsuccessful, thus suggesting that the gene could be essential for vegetative growth in C. albicans. The sequence has been deposited in the EMBL data library under Accession Number X81937.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 194
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Molecular, functional and evolutionary characterization of the gene encoding HMG-CoA reductase in the fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 12 (1996), S. 1107-1124 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): HMG-CoA reductase ; endoplasmic reticulum ; molecular evolution ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe ; lovastatin ; karmellae ; Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The synthesis of mevalonate, a molecule required for both sterol and isoprene biosynthesis in eukaryotes, is catalysed by 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase. Using a gene dosage approach, we have isolated the gene encoding HMG-CoA reductase, hmg1+, from the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Accession Number L76979). Specifically, hmg1+ was isolated on the basis of its ability to confer resistance to lovastatin, a competitive inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase. Gene disruption analysis showed that hmg1+ was an essential gene. This result provided evidence that, unlike Saccharomyces cerevisiae, S. pombe contained only a single functional HMG-CoA reductase gene. The presence of a single HMG-CoA reductase gene was confirmed by genomic hybridization analysis. As observed for the S. cerevisiae HMG1p, the hmg1+ protein induced membrane proliferations known as karmellae. A previously undescribed ‘feed-forward’ regulation was observed in which elevated levels of HMG-CoA synthase, the enzyme catalysing the synthesis of the HMG-CoA reductase substrate, induced elevated levels of hmg1+ protein in the cell and conferred partial resistance to lovastatin.The amino acid sequences of yeast and human HMG-CoA reductase were highly divergent in the membrane domains, but were extensively conserved in the catalytic domains. We tested whether the gene duplication that produced the two functional genes in S. cerevisiae occurred before or after S. pombe and S. cerevisiae diverged by comparing the log likelihoods of trees specified by these hypotheses. We found that the tree specifying post-divergence duplication had significantly higher likelihood. Moreover, phylogenetic analyses of available HMG-CoA reductase sequences also suggested that the lineages of S. pombe and S. cerevisiae diverged approximately 420 million years ago but that the duplication event that produced two HMG-CoA reductase genes in the budding yeast occurred only approximately 56 million years ago. To date, S. pombe is the only unicellular eukaryote that has been found to contain a single HMG-CoA reductase gene. Consequently, S. pombe may provide important opportunities to study aspects of the regulation of sterol biosynthesis that have been difficult to address in other organisms and serve as a test organism to identify novel therapies for modulating cholesterol synthesis.
    Zusätzliches Material: 13 Ill.
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  • 195
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity related to the 20S RNA replicon of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 12 (1996), S. 1219-1228 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): replication ; WdsRNA ; RNA polymerase ; Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains two double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) viruses (L-A and L-BC) and two different single-stranded (ssRNA) replicons (20S RNA and 23S RNA). Replicase (dsRNA synthesis on a ssRNA template) and transcriptase (ssRNA synthesis on a dsRNA template) activities have been described for L-A and L-BC viruses, but not for 20S or 23S RNA. We report the characterization of a new in vitro RNA replicase activity in S. cerevisiae. This activity is detected after partial purification of a particulate fraction in CsCl gradients where it migrates at the density of free protein. The activity does not require the presence of L-A or L-BC viruses or 23S RNA, and its presence or absence is correlated with the presence or absence of the 20S RNA replicon. Strains lacking both this RNA polymerase activity and 20S RNA acquire this activity when they acquire 20S RNA by cytoduction (cytoplasmic mixing). This polymerase activity converts added ssRNA to dsRNA by synthesis of the complementary strand, but has no specificity for the 3′ end or internal template sequence. Although it replicates all tested RNA templates, it has a template size requirement, being unable to replicate templates larger than 1kb. The replicase makes dsRNA from a ssRNA template, but many single-stranded products due to a terminal transferase activity are also formed. These results suggest that, in contrast to the L-A and L-BC RNA polymerases, dissociation of 20S RNA polymerase from its RNA (or perhaps some cellular factor) makes the enzyme change its specificity.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 196
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    SHM1: A multicopy suppressor of a temperature-sensitive null mutation in the HMG1-like abf2 gene (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 12 (1996), S. 1239-1250 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): HM ; ABF2 ; SHM1 ; mitochondrial carrier proteins ; Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: HM, an HMG1-like mitochondrial DNA-binding protein, is required for maintenance of the yeast mitochondrial genome when cells are grown in glucose. To better understand the role of HM in mitochondria, we have isolated several multicopy suppressors of the temperature-sensitive defect associated with an abf2 null mutation (lacking HM protein). One of these suppressors, SHM1, has been characterized at the molecular level and is described herein. SHM1 encodes a protein (SHM1p) that shares sequence similarity to a family of mitochondrial carrier proteins. On glycerol medium, where mitochondrial function is required for growth, shm1 deletion mutants are able to grow, whereas shm1 abf2 double mutants are severely inhibited. These results suggest that SHM1p plays an accessory role to HM in the mitochondrion. The GenBank Accession Number for the SHM1 sequence is U08352.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 197
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    N-glycosylation affects endoplasmic reticulum degradation of a mutated derivative of carboxypeptidase yscY in yeast (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 12 (1996), S. 1229-1238 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): alpha1,2-mannosidase ; calnexin ; endoplasmic reticulum ; degradation ; glycosylation ; yeast ; Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of eukaryotic cells contains a quality control system, that is required for the proteolytic removal of aberrantly folded proteins that accumulate in this organelle. We used genetic and biochemical methods to analyse the involvement of N-glycosylation in the degradation of a mutant derivative of carboxypeptidase yscY in the ER of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Our results demonstrate that N-glycosylation of this protein is required for its degradation since an unglycosylated species is retained stably in the ER. Cells that were devoid of the ER-processing α1,2-mannosidase showed reduced degradation of the glycosylated substrate protein. Disruption of CNE1, a gene encoding a putative yeast homologue for calnexin, did not exhibit any effects on the degradation of this substrate protein in vivo. Also, the α1,2-mannosidase-dependent reduction in the degradation rate did not show any correlation with the function of the CNE1 gene product. Our results suggest that the ER of yeast contains a glycosylation-dependent quality control system, as has been shown for higher eukaryotic cells.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 198
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Functional conservation of cytosolic proteins required for endosomal vesicle fusion (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 12 (1996), S. 1251-1262 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): yeast ; Sec18 ; endocytosis ; NEM ; Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Recent studies suggest that intracellular membrane traffic relies upon families of related proteins which confer specificity to individual transport reactions but which operate in tandem with a ubiquitous fusogenic complex containing the N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein (NSF). The extent to which components of this process are functionally conserved is apparent from the finding that yeast Sec18 protein (Sec18p) can substitute for mammalian NSF in intra-Golgi transport reactions. Here we report that yeast cytosol can support mammalian endosomal vesicle fusion, demonstrating conservation of cytosolic components required for this reaction. Furthermore, under conditions in which the fusion reaction is NSF-dependent we show that yeast Sec18p can functionally substitute for NSF, showing that the yeast protein is capable of catalysing at least two distinct mammalian membrane fusion events. In addition we exploit the complex pattern of sensitivity of the mammalian reaction to N-ethylmaleimide (NEM), coupled with the use of yeast cytosol, to dissect a number of factors required for fusion. We reveal at least three novel NEM-sensitive activities. One of these can be restored by yeast cytosol suggesting that it is functionally conserved.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 199
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Mapping of gene controlling thiamine transport in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 12 (1996), S. 1279-1283 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; thiamine transport ; recessive allele ; chromosome VII ; Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: A recessive mutation leading to complete loss of thiamine uptake in Saccharomyces cerevisiae was mapped on the left arm of chromosome VII, approximately 56cM centromere-distal to trp5. As the analysed locus is relatively distant from its centromere and from the markers used, its attachment to chromosome VII was confirmed by chromosome loss methods.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 200
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The sequence of a 23·4kb segment on the right arm of chromosome VII from Saccharomyces cerevisiae reveals CLB6, SPT6, RP28A and NUP57 genes, a ty3 element and 11 new open reading frames (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 12 (1996), S. 1273-1277 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; right arm of chromosome VII ; cosmid clone pEGH054 ; CLB6 ; SPT6 ; RP28A ; NUP57 ; Ty element ; autonomous replicating sequence ; Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The DNA sequence of 23427bp from the right arm of chromosome VII of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is reported. The sequence contains 18 open reading frames (ORFs). Four of these are identical to genes already known. G5970 corresponds to the CLB6 gene. G6169 is identical to the SPT6 gene. G6178 represents the RPS28A gene and G6320 corresponds to the 3′-region from the NUP57 gene. Four ORFs (G5978, G5982, G5984, G5995) belong to a Ty3-1 element. A further ORF (G5975) encodes a tRNAcys. The other ORFs revealed no significant similarity to any known gene.The DNA and protein sequences have been deposited in the EMBL Data bank. They are available under the following accession numbers: ORF G 5970, G 5975, G 5978, G 5982, G 5984, G 5995, G 5999, G 6140, G 6145, G 6150, G 6153, G 6163, G 6166, G 6169, G 6172, G 6178, G 6320; DNA sequence accession Z72894/ X70436/ X72890, M34549,  - , Z72895, Z72896, Z72897, Z72898, Z72899, Z72899, Z72899/ M34391, Z72902, Z72903/ M96570, Z72904/ X83099/ X81155; Protein sequence accession S64417/ S43736, S41736,  - , S64417, S64419, S64420, S64421, S64422, S64423, S64423/ A36468, S64425, S64426/ A46703, S64428 /S51799/ S55976.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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