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  • 1970-1974  (2,128)
  • 1935-1939
  • 1920-1924
  • 1890-1899
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (2,128)
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Year
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  • 101
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    News and events (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. A5 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030116
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  • 102
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030201
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  • 103
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Editorial (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. 51-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030202
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  • 104
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of overall system efficiency of an energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer using a bremsstrahlung exciting sourceWork supported in part by the Department of the Interior (Office of Water Resources Research). (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. 53-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Four independent techniques for quantitatively calibrating an energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence system are compared. These include commercially available powder standards, vacuum deposited standards, laboratory developed powder standards and a semi-theoretical method. A technique is presented for using the latter method in the case where the exciting radiation is bremsstrahlung. These methods are discussed and their resulting efficiency values compared. The most complete, most reliable and easiest method is the semi-theoretical method. Single compound powders of standard chemicals can be used one at a time for periodic checks of the system.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030203
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  • 105
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theoretical correction procedures for X-ray fluorescence analysis (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. 64-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Theoretical to formulae for the fluoresent X-ray intenisty are obtained and calculations made for nickel + iron + chromium binary and tertiary systems. In the calculation, the continous X-ray of the irradiating source should be taken into account. The theoretical results agree well with the experimental results but have maximum deviations of 1% and it is thought that the error may be due to coexistent elements. The effect of the coexistent elements can be estimated by theoretical calculation and in routine work the effects are usually expressed as linear expansion factors. These factors are generally obtained from a series of experiments but they can be easily obtained by calculation. The errors caused by the linear approximation are also estimated and it is concluded that the approximation is approved in routine analysis of steels when the composition ranges of the steel type are limited by industrial standards.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030205
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  • 106
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application de la Spectrométrie de Fluorescence X á la Mesure de l'Espace de Diffusion du Brome dans le Corps Humain (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. 59-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Measurement of the extracellular fluid volume (ECFV) in the human body is an useful means of recognizing pathological conditions. X-ray fluorescence spectrometry allows a simple and accurate determination of the difusion space of bromide ions, from which the ECFV value can be calculated. The method consists of the quantitative determination of stable bromine (80Br) at low concentration in biological fluids, using the Br Kα line. A simultaneous study run with a radioactive tracer (82Br) allowed us to check the validity of the procedure.
    Notes: Le volume de liquide extracellualaire (LEC) chez l'homme estun parameétre important pour la deétection de certins eétats pathologiques. La spectromeétrie de fluorescence X permet de mesurer avec une bonne preécision I'espace de deffusion de I'ion bromure et d'en deédrire la valeur du volume de LEC. La meéthode consiste en un dosage direct du brome stabel (80Br) à faible concentration dans les liquides biologiques, en utilisant la raie Br Kα Une étude paralleéle au moyen d'un radiotraceur (82Br)permet de tester la valcur de la meéthode.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030204
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  • 107
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microprobe analysis. C.A. Andersen (Ed.), Wiley Interscience, 1973. $24.95 (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. A28 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030415
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  • 108
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conferences (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. A29 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030416
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  • 109
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    News and events (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. A31 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030417
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  • 110
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030101
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  • 111
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Editorial (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. 1-1 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030102
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  • 112
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dilution method in quantitative X-ray diffraction analysis (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. 21-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The theory of the single dilution and double dilution methods for quantitative X-ray diffraction analysis is presented, and verified experimentally for the analysis of silica in a set of seven synthetic standards. Dilution methods are a new concept in diffraction analysis, and show advantages over other methods.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030105
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  • 113
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ein Beitrag zur quantitativen Elektronen-strahlmikroanalyse von Phasen in polierten Anschliffen von Silikatproben mit dem Raster-Elektronemikroskop und energie-dispersiver Messung der Röntgenstrahlung (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. 26-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: This article describes the quantitative determination of phases in polished silicate samples by means of energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis. The scanning electron microsope that was used, is equipped with a semiconductor detector for energy dispersive X-ray measurements and with a special detector for the production of backscattered electron images. The precision of the instrument used and the limit of detection obtainable were determined. The concerntration of the elements was calculated by means of Salter's empirical formula, using binary oxide systems and pure oxides as standards. The microanalysis of cement clinker is discussed.
    Notes: In diesem Artikel wird als Beitrag zur Elektronenstrahlmikroanalyse eine quantitaive röntgenographische Analyse von Phasen in polierten Anschliffen von Silikatproben beschrieben. Für die energiedispersive Messung der Röntgenstrahlung ist das Raster Elektronenmikrosk op mit einem Halbleitermessplatz und für Die Bilderzeugung mit einem Halbeitermessplatz und fü die Genauigkeit der Anlage und die damit erreichbare Nachweisgrenze werden bestimmt. Die Berechung der Konzentration wied nach einer von Salter vorgeschlagenen vorschrift mit Hilfe von binären Oxidsystemen und renien Oxiden als Standardproben berechnet. Als analytisches Bisipiel für die Elektronenstrahlmikroanalyse wurde ein Zementklinker gewählt.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030106
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  • 114
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative analysis using the absorption of white X-ray radiation (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. 37-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The absorption of continuous radiation was used in X-ray absorption analysis. The entire spectrum was measured simultaneously by using a solid state detector and a multi-channel pulse height analyser. The analysis of the spectra was performed via a method, where only the energy spectrum but not the intensity of the primary beam need be known.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030108
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  • 115
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theoritical alpha coefficients for the Claisse-Quintin relation for X-ray spectrochemical analysis (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. 31-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Mathematical equation are given for calculating the theoritical values of α coefficients in the Claisse-Quintin relation for any combination of elements and experimental conditions. The Claisse-Quintin relation becomes an approximation of the Sherman equation with minor deviations.The method can be extended to electron microprobe analysis.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030107
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  • 116
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conference reports (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. A1 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030111
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  • 117
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    X-ray fluorescence analysis of powder pellets utilizing a small quantity of material (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. 74-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The amount of material usually required for X-ray fluorescene analysis of briquetted rock powders is of the order of 2 to 3 g. By reducing the diameter of the pellets and the cross-section of the incident X-ray beam, it is possible to analyse a small quantity of material (about 40 mg) reliably. The results obtained from the analysis of about 40 mg of powder for the major components (MgO, Al2O33, SiO2, P2O5, K2O, CaO, TiO2, MnO, Fe2O3) and for 12 trace elements (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Rb, Sr, Zr, La, Ce, Ba, Pb) in 6 standard samples of rocks (US Geological Survey Standards: G-2, GSP-1, AGV-1, BCR-1, DTS-1 and PCC-1) are reported. These data are compared with those obtained from standard pellets and from literature values.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030206
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  • 118
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of compton scattering on high energy X-ray fluorescence (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. 88-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effect of Compton scattered γ and X-rays on fluorescent intensities is examined for heavier elements when using radioisotope excitation. It is shown to have a major effect in aqueous solutions and the implication of this on mathematical correction procedures is briefly discussed.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030208
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  • 119
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An X-ray fluorescence method for analysis of lead zirconate-titanate compositions (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. 109-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An X-ray fluorescence method for the determinatios of lead, titanium, zirconium and strontium oxides in lead zirconate-titanate has been developed. The method is a simple empirical correction procedure and requires only one standard containing all the elements analyzed. Moreover, the method does not require prior determination of correction factors obtained by a complex calculation, a multiple regression procedure, or from use of a considerable number of well analyzed standards.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030304
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  • 120
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030401
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  • 121
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Editorial (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. 135-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030402
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  • 122
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    X-ray spectrometry of Al + Ni powder compacts and alloy thin films (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. 143-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: This paper reports on expeeriments to determine the composition of thin aluminium + nickel films. The techniques used were similar to those described by both Rhodin and Weyl but for reasons of simplification of the calculations involved, the effective wavelength concept was employed. Fluorescence measurements were also made on aluminium + nickel powder compacts of known composition. The comparison of measured intensities from powder compacts and thin films revealed a strong particle size intensity dependence.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030404
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  • 123
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A time saving approach to peak spectra analysis (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. 151-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In X-ray fluorescence, as well as other quantitative methods for determining trace metal concentrations, computer methods for extracting characteristic peaks from background are very important. Cases where background is large and nonlinear, or there are overlapping peaks, present difficulties in the development of simple computer programs which give an accurate analysis of the peak. The method of analysis that will be described here was developed to meet these demands. The basic concept is simple, and good accuracy and reproducibility are achieved in samples with large nonlinear background, as well as overlapping peaks. The analysis is essentially independent of background.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030406
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  • 124
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative analysis with an energy-dispersive detector using a pulsed electron probe and active signal filtering (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. 153-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The pulsed beam technique has been used to achieved a high data acuumulation rate in an energy-dispersive analytical system consisting of an electron probe analyser and the Harwell ‘Highspec’ pulse analyser system 3074. The use of fast beam switching ( ∼ 30 ns transient time) and the special timing facilities available in the Harwell equipment reduce the spectrum contamination due to displacement of the probe during switching to a low level and also provide precise measurements of live time, essential for accurate analysis. Analyses performed at spectrum accumulation rate of up to 12 kP.P.S. shows agreement with accepted values to within ± 1% for major constituents. Simple modification of the system permits accumulation rates up to 25 kP.P.S.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030407
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  • 125
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    Forthcoming conferences & meetings (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. A2 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030112
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  • 126
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    Electronic Resource
    X-ray fluorescence analysis  -  results of a first round intercomparison study (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. 47-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The results are presented of an intercomparison study between twelve investigators and three analytical techniques. The objective was to determine the precision and accuracy with which multi-element analysis of air particulates on filters can be accomplished using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Special emphasis was placed on testing calibration techniques and methods of correction for absorption in both particulate deposits and substrates. Results indicate that errors in calibration and correcting for substrate absorption can be reduced to much less than 10% for elements K and above, but the more work is required to test methods of correcting for particles size to achieve 10% accuracy at energies below 3 keV.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030110
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  • 127
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    X-ray fluorescence spectrometry on variable thin deposits of powdered materialsPaper presented at the Symposium on Analytical Chemistry ‘Analysis 72’, London, 18 to 22 September, 1972. (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. 40-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: This work is aimed at providing a direct analytical method for powdered materials collected on cellulose filters. The origin and composition of these materials may be very different. The analytical technique employed was X-ray fluorescence spectrometry without preliminary treatment of samples.It is known that different thickness of thin deposits, due for example to different sampling condition, cause some difficulties on the correct accomplishment of the analysis. To eliminate this drawback the basic principles characterising the behaviour of X-ray penetration in the matter, were developed, thus leading to some equations, applicable to the analysis of the following kinds of samples: (a) sample of infinite thickness for X-ray penetration; (b) sample of finite thickness below the critical value; (c) sample of infinite thickness placed over the sample of finite thickness.The equation relating to case (c) was then applied to the analysis of powdered materials collected on cellulose filters.A suitable plate of a selected metal was placed over the sample, and the fluorescence radiations intensity values of the element to be analysed were recorded together with the intensity of the radiation emitted by the plate.By substituting some terms of the above mentioned equation with experimental data, X-ray intensity values were corrected, and then independent measurements were performed on the sample thickness.This work described both the theoretical part and the experimental procedures with results showing the method's reliability.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030109
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  • 128
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    Courses (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. A3 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030113
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  • 129
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    Conference (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. A14 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030213
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  • 130
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    Courses (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. A14 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030214
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  • 131
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    News and events (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. A15 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030215
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  • 132
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    Masthead (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030301
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  • 133
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    Editorial (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. 101-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030302
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  • 134
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    Concerning interelemental crossed effects in X-ray fluorescence analysis (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. 102-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Fluorescence crossed effects are discussed as to their exact significance, and relative importance regarding quantitative analysis. While they do not occur in binary systems, crossed effects appear when a fluorescent element is influenced by two or more interfering elements, more particularly when it is subject to enhancement effects. Dissociating crossed effects from pure binary interactions enabled us to establish an accurate general equation for expressing interelement effects in accordance with fundamental theory, and then the associated corrections in any analytical system. As a rule, practical applications should include some suitable modification of the general formula, with respect to the magnitude of corrections for the particularsystem considered.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030303
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  • 135
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    A method for predicting X-ray fluorescence anomalies in multiphase metal alloys (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. 111-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The problem presented by a multiphase metal system is studied, where one element is able to migrate from one phase of the alloy to another due to different states of heat treatment. The experimental work was performed on the simple Al + Si system; the results demonstrate that in extreme cases relative analytical errors of 400% may be accumulated if the ‘metallurgical history’ of sample and standard is neglected. The Claisse-Samson particle size formulae for powder samples are applied to the grain size of the phases present in the allows with good agriment, and may be used to predict whether analytical problems are to be expected.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030305
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  • 136
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    On obtaining consistent solutions of the equations for quantitative analysis by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. 115-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Many of the equation systems proposed for calculating elemental composition by X-ray fluoresence spectrometry are overdetermined. In the present work an attempt has been made to overcome this difficulty by reducing the problem outlined to an eigenvalue one.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030306
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  • 137
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    Eine Methode Zur eichprobenfreien quantitativen Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. 120-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: A method for quantitative X-ray fluorescence and analysis without reference samples is discussed. There is no comparison with pure elements necessary, since the count rate is defined as a trpical parameter of the instrument used. The quantitative analysis is performed by using count rate ratios of parirs of elements from the unknown sample, together with the method of variable take-off angle.
    Notes: Es wird eine Methods zur eichprobenfreien Rötgenfluoreszenzanalyse beschrieben. Der Vergleich mit Reinelementstandards kann dabci entfallen, da das Zählratenverhältnis von je zwei Reinelementen als Gerätefunktion definiert wird. Durch Verwendung der Zählratenverhältnisse jeweils zweier Elemente der unbekannten Probe wird zusammen mit der Methode des variablen Beobachtungswinkels die quantitaive Zusammensetzung erhalten.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030307
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  • 138
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    An X-ray fluorescene technique for the analysis of lead in gasoline (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. 125-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A technique has been developed for the measurement of lead in gasoline in the range 0.002 to 5 g/U.S. gal. The method is based on the use of Campton Scattering as an internal standard, and on a comparison of the unknown with a blank and with a standard solution. A correction procedure has been devised which takes into account the dependence of the analysis on the carbon-hydrogen ration of the gasoline. The method has an accuracy, for a single measurement, of ± 0.002 at the 0.002 g/U.S. gal. level to ± 0.1 at the 5 g/U.S. gal. level.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030308
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  • 139
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    Letters to the editor (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. 133-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030310
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  • 140
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    A new method for first order line interference correction in X-ray spectrochemical analysis. Application to the analysis of geological samples (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. 130-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A mathematical procedure used for correcting the interference between two nearest first order overlapping lines is described. The intensity of the ‘composite’ peak is assumed to be a linear superposition of the individual components; the shift in angular position of the sample. The proposed method is based on the dependence existing between the different parameters involved, which can be represented by a mathematical relationship of the [Ri]=[kij] [Cj], where Ri is the observed intensity, measured at the theoretical 2θ values for the elements involved, Kji are characteristic constants of the angular position and Cj the concentration of the elements.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030309
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  • 141
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    Forthcoming conferences & meetings (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. A20 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030311
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  • 142
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    Kβ/Kα intensity ratios for elements of atomic number 20 to 30 (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. 149-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Twenty-five new measurements of Kβ/Kα X-ray intensity ratios for elements in the atomic number range 20 to 30 confirm other recent evidence that the variation with atomic number in this region is much less than previously thought, but there is still some disagreement for atomic numbers above 27. A table of recommended values is given.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030405
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  • 143
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    Préparation Automatisée de Perles pour l'Analyse par la Fluorescence de Rayons X (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. 137-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: An automatic device for preparing samples for X-ray fluorescence analysis is described. Based on a fusion technique with the proper flux, it produces glass buttons which can lbe directly analysed with the spectrometer.The apparatus consists essntially of two high frequency furnaces which are used for fusing the samples and casting the beads, respectively. The corresponding vessels, i.e. crucible and mould, and made of a special platinum + gold + rhodium alloy. The automatic preparation sequence lasts eight minutes.The preparation reproducibility which can be achieved with this device is illustrated by an application to the analysis of high grade iron ores dissolved in sodium tetraborate. The standard deviation obtained for iron is 0.15% at a 60% iron level.
    Notes: Description d'un appareil automatique de préparation des échantillons pour l'analyse par fluorescence de rayons X, La technique est basée sur la mise en soluation solide de l'échantillon en uve de l'obtention d'une perle directement analysable.L'appreil est composé de deux fours HF, I'un pourla fusion, I'autre pour la coulée Les récipients de fusion et de coulée sont en alliage platine+ or+ rhodium. La seéquence automatique de préparation dure huit minutes.Une application á I'anlyse de minerais de fer reches par miscen solution dens le tétraborate de sodium illustre les reproductibilités de préparation que I'on peut atteindre avec ce matériel (écart type de reproductibiliteé égal á 0,15% de Fe au niveau de 60%).
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030403
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  • 144
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    Theoretical determination of BA/Ti molar ratios of titanates by X-ray fluorescene spectrometry (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. 167-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A mathematical approach for determining Ba/Ti molar ratios of barium titanates has been made. A computer program applies the necessary corrections for absorption and secondary fluorescene. The method requires no standards and appears to be sufficiently accurate over large compositional variations. Evaluations of the magnitude of the secondary fluorescence contributions on TiKα intensities are given.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030409
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  • 145
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    X-ray spectrometric analysis of chlorine in concrete by borate fusion (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. 170-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Borate fusion over a propane flame has been successfully applied to the analysis of chlorine concentration in cement. Volitization and weight loss effects have proven to be negligible.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030410
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  • 146
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    Die Korrektur der Probentransparenz in der Röntgenspektralanalyse (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. 159-166 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The loss of X-ray fluorescene intensity caused by an imperfect absorption of the primary beam in specimen which are mainly composed of light elements (for example: aqueous liquids, scoriae, minerals and rock samples) is derived and its practical measurement is described. The corrections start in the range of the K spectra near Rb (Z=37) at a few per cent and increase rapidly towards Ba (Z=56). The correction factor for all elements in question can be derived from one diagram by interpolation. To accomplish the correction it is necessary to know the matrix factor and the weight of the specimen; no additional preparation is necessary.
    Notes: Die Strahlendurchlässigkeit Von Proben mit vormiegend leichten Elementen (z.B.wässrige Lösungen, Schlacken, Mineralund Gesteinsproben) führt zu Fluoreszenzatrahlungsverlusten, die unter Berücksichtingung der Strahlengeometric berechnet Werden und deren praktische Messung beschrieben wird. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die erforderlichen Korrekturen im Bereich der K-Spektren etwa beim Element Rb (Z=37)mit maximal einigen %einsetzen und zum Ba (Z=56) hin rasch ansteigen, Durch Interpolation lassen sich alle in Frage kommenden Elemente an Hand einer einzigen Korrekturtafel erfassen, Die Durchfuhrung der Korrektur verlangt die Kenntnis des Matrixfaktors und des Probengewichtes und des Probengewichtes und erfordert keine zäsatzliche präparation.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030408
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  • 147
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    Forthcoming conferences & meetings (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. A27 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030413
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  • 148
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    An introduction of X-ray spectrometry. R. Jenkins, Heydn, 1974. £5.50. $15.00. DM45.00 (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. A28 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030414
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  • 149
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    A versatile thin film method for quantitative X-ray emission analysis (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. 172-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Liebhafsky and Zemany proposed two terms in X-ray emission analysis: one is the linear thickness of a specimen below which the absorption effect vanishes; the other is the critical thickness of a specimen above which the specimen becomes infinitely thick. The criteria for these two terms are defined here in quantitative terms. A procedure for making thin films of closely controlled thickness is described. The sample is dispersed into a film-forming polymer solution which contains an internal standard element. A thin film is made of this suspensoid by a film applicator. The internal standard element is used to correct for variation in actual film thickness. A single calibration curve can be used for samples of different matrices. Experimental data are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of this thin-film method in eliminating matrix effects.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300030411
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  • 150
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    Carbon-13 chemical shifts of some cholinergic neural transmission agentsSupported by a grant from the Research Corporation, and by grant NS-09932-01 from the National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 226-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Carbon-13 chemical shifts have been obtained in the pulse Fourier transform mode on the following cholinergic neural transmission agents: acetylcholine, β-methyl acetylcholine, carbamoyl choline, choline, tetramethylammonium, scopolamine, atropine, methyl atropine, tropine, tropic acid, nicotine, dimethyl phenylpiperazinium, arecoline, oxotremorine and pilocarpine. The effects of structural variations, asymmetric centers and steric interactions on the 13C shielding are considered. The observed chemical shifts do not appear to correlate simply with potencies in the cholinergic nervous system.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270060409
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  • 151
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    Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of some 2-substituted tetrahydropyrans (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 233-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Fourier transform carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra have been obtained and interpreted for some 2-substituted tetrahydropyrans. The effects of the substituents on α, β, γ and δ-carbon atoms are discussed. Using suitable reference compounds the γ-parameter can be used for quantitative conformational analysis.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270060410
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  • 152
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    Stereochemical studies: XVII - the proton coupling constants and conformational equilibria of trans-1,2-disubstituted cyclohexenes (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 236-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The vicinal 3Jaa and 3Jee spin-spin coupling constants of a number of deuterated trans-1,2-disubstituted cyclohexenes and the ΔH and ΔS values of the conformational equilibria of these compounds have been determined by computer optimisation of the 3J(HH) = f(T) function. Compounds with  - CF3 and CCl3 substituents were shown to have an enhanced proportion of the diaxial conformer.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 153
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    NMR spectroscopic study of rotation around C=C and C—N bonds in diene δ-aminocarbonyl compounds (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 240-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A relatively fast rotation around the α,β carbon-carbon double bond at the equilibrium of geometrical isomers and a comparatively slow rotation around the carbon-nitrogen single bond in compounds of the type \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ {\rm X}_1 ({\rm X}_2){\rm C}_{\rm \alpha}=\!={\rm C}_\beta {\rm H}-{\rm C}_\gamma {\rm H}=\!={\rm C}_\delta {\rm H}-{\rm N}({\rm R}_1){\rm R}_2 $$\end{document} (X1, X2 are electron-attracting substituents) were detected and investigated by the NMR technique. The relationships between the free energies of activation for these rotational processes and the character of the substituents, the number of double bonds, solvents and concentration were studied.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270060412
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  • 154
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    Forthcoming papers (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. A5 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270060415
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  • 155
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    Lanthanide chemical shift reagents as tools for determining isomer distributions in 2,4-hexadienoates and related compounds (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 250-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Quantitative analysis of geometrical isomers of unsaturated esters and alcohols is facilitated with Eu(fod)3. Commercial sorbic acid exists in the all-trans form, while sorbyl alcohol contains c. 10% of the cis-4,5 isomer.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270060414
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  • 156
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    The NMR spectra of the carbanions of xanthene and thioxanthene. Evidence for paratropism (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 245-249 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The proton NMR spectra of the carbanions of xanthene [XH]- and thioxanthene [TxH]- have been recorded and interpreted. Paratropism in the central rings of [XH]- and [TxH]- is inferred from a comparison of the chemical shifts with those of the carbanion of 9,10-dihydroanthracene [AH]-. The contributions to the chemical shifts arising from n-electron excess charges, local dipoles and magnetic anisotropies are discussed. Numerical values for the various ring currents have been estimated by a least squares analysis of the observed chemical shifts after applying corrections for the excess charge effect. The results point to a strongly increasing paramagnetic ring current in the central ring in the order [AH]-, [TxH]-, [XH]-.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270060413
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  • 157
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    Ionen. XIX. Mitteilung: Lit. 10. - Das Tetraphenyloborat-Ion als Hilfsmittel bei Diastereotopie-Problemen (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 276-278 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: [B(C6H5)4]⊖ is an efficient NMR shift reagent for aminosulphonium cations. An example is presented where diastereotopic protons fail to show anisochronism under ordinary conditions (chloride in CDCl3). The nonequivalence is revealed by a solvent effect, but this is insufficient in magnitude to make the geminal coupling constant and the true signal positions available. [B(C6H5)4]⊖, however, creates almost a first order spectrum from which all parameters can easily be obtained. The data are useful to locate very weak signals in the chloride spectrum and to evaluate the amount of anisochronism in the chloride. Salt mixtures help to recognise hidden signals.
    Notes: [B(C6H5)4]⊖ ist ein leistungsfähiges NMR-Verschiebungsreagens für Aminosulfonium-Kationen. In einem Beispiel zeigen diastereotope Protonen unter normalen Meßbedingungen (Chlorid in CDCl3) keine Anisochronie. Diese wird durch einen Solvenseffekt sichtbar, jedoch nur in einem Maße, das die geminale Kopplungskonstante und die wahren Signallagen noch nicht zu ermitteln gestattet. [B(C6H5)4]⊖ erzeugt jedoch annähernd ein Spektrum erster Ordnung, dem alle Parameter glatt entnommen werden können. Die Daten helfen im Chlorid-Spektrum sehr schwache Signale aufzuspüren und das Ausmaß der Anisochronie festzustellen. Salzmischungen legen verdeckte Signale frei.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270060508
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  • 158
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    An indo investigation of magnetic resonance constants of azaaromatic systems (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 5-7 
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    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: INDO-MO calculations have been performed on the ESR hyperfine coupling constants of the pyridinyl radical and the radical anions of pyrimidine, quinoline, isoquinoline, acridine and benzcinnoline. The nuclear spin coupling constants and the 14N nuclear quadrupole coupling constant of pyridine have also been calculated. In general, calculated values are in satisfactory agreement with the experimental data.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270060103
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  • 159
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    NMR studies of sulphur heterocycles. IIFor Part I, see Ref. 1. - substituent effects in the thieno[2,3-b] [1]benzothiophene and thieno[3,2-b] [1]benzothiophene systems (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 293-297 
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    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Substituent chemical shifts for the title systems have been determined at infinite dilution in CDCl3 from a study of 40 derivatives. An excellent correlation is found between the ortho effect of substituents in the thiophene ring and the corresponding effects in thiophene itself, indicating negligible perturbation by the fused rings. Long range effects of 2- and 3-substituents on the 5- and 6-protons are electronic in origin, but cannot be interpreted in terms of simple resonance theory. These long range effects correlate linearly with σp°. An O, S-cis conformation for the formyl group in 2-formyl-thieno[2,3-6][1]benzothiophene is adduced on the basis of chemical shifts.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270060512
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  • 160
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    Carbon-13 assignments in 1- and 2-naphthyl compounds: Extensive benefits of deuterium substitution (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 289-292 
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    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The natural abundance, proton-decoupled carbon-13 spectra of 1-methylnaphthalene, 1-fluoronaphthalene, l-naphthonitrile and their 4-deutero analogues, as well as 2-naphthol and its 6-deutero analogue, have been recorded. Careful comparisons of the spectra of the deuterated and undeuterated compounds allow assignment, not only of the deuterated carbon, but also of the two ortho carbons (based on an upfield ‘two-bond’ deuterium isotope effect), as well as the two meta carbons (based on a significant J(CCCD) of ∼1 Hz) which causes substantial broadening). In the 1-naphthyl compounds, significant coupling between the deuterium (at C4) and C5 allows assignment of this latter carbon. Thus, the consequences of the introduction of one deuterium atom, together with results from off-resonance noise decoupling, permits assignment of most of the spectra. Tentative, but very likely assignments of the few remaining signals, can be made on the bases of chemical shifts and compressional effects. This approach could allow indirect assignment of an aryl carbon to which direct attachment of deuterium is difficult, due to directive effects of an existing substituent.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 161
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    Conformational analysis: IX-a 300 MHz study of 4-vinylbutyrolactoneFor Parts VII and VIII, see Ref. 1. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 301-302 
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    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 300 MHz 1H NMR spectrum of 4-vinylbutyrolactone has been recorded and analysed. The results showed that the compound is a mixture of two rapidly interconverting envelope forms in which (C-3) is the flap atom. The vinyl group favours the pseudo-equatorial orientation by 1·9 ± 0.3 kJ mol-1, as shown by the dependence of the vicinal coupling constants on temperature.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270060514
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  • 162
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    Forthcoming papers (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. A5 
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    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270060515
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  • 163
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    News and events (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. A9 
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    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270060516
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  • 164
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    Masthead (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270060601
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  • 165
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    Conformational analysis of 7,7-dichloro-2,5-dioxabicyclo[4.1.0] heptane by NMR (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 303-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 1H NMR spectra of 7,7-dichloro-2,5-dioxabicyclo-[4.1.0]heptane (1) were analyzed through the application of programs NMRIT and NMREN2.See Ref. 1. The half-chair conformation of 1 was obtained from the vicinal coupling constants by the Buys R method.See Ref. 2.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270060602
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  • 166
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    Mesomere Kationen: IIIFür II. Mitteilung, siehe Lit. 1. - 13C-Fourier-Transform-NMR-Spektren von Harnstoffen, Thioharnstoffen und Guanidinen (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 305-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The 13C-chemical shifts of methyl substituted ureas, thioureas and related compounds are reported and discussed. π-Electron densities, as obtained by simple HMO calculations, do not reproduce the 13C-chemical shift trend. A correlation has been found for the carbonyl and thiocarbonyl resonances which has been discussed as being mainly influenced by the mean excitation energy in the paramagnetic screening term.
    Notes: Die 13C-chemischen Verschiebungen von methylsubstituierten Harnstoffen, Thioharnstoffen und verwandten Verbindungen werden diskutiert. Es wurde eine Korrelation von 13C=O und 13C=S-chemischen Verschiebungen gefunden. Die mittlere Anregungsenergie im paramagnetischen Verschiebungsanteil wird für die Änderung der Verschiebungen bei Übergang von Carbonyl- zu entsprechenden Thiocarbonyl-Verbindungen als wesentlich angesehen. Einfache HMO-Berechnungen der Ladungsdichte können die Trends der 13C-chemischen Verschiebungen nicht wiedergeben.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 167
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    Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy: VIII - aliphatic hydrocarbon derivativesPresented partly at the 24th Annual Meeting of the Chemical Society of Japan, 1970.For Part VII, see Ref. 1. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 313-321 
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    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Carbon-13 NMR chemical shifts of several series of aliphatic hydrocarbon derivatives--substituted methanes, ethanes, isopropanes, n-propanes and n-butanes--were found to have a linear relationship with σ-electron densities (Qσ) calculated by the method of σ-included ω-HMO. A plot of the 13C NMR chemical shift of a given carbon in a substituted propane versus that of the corresponding carbon in a substituted butane showed a good linearity with a slope of unity. The values of the 13C chemical shifts of the n-butyl derivatives converged rapidly to a constant value as the distance from the substituent increased. Accordingly, the value for the δ-carbon was found to be constant regardless of the substituent. These results show that the 13C NMR chemical shifts of aliphatic hydrocarbon derivatives are mainly dependent on inductive effects. The convergence shown by the experimental results is supported by the calculated results of the Qσ values of the n-butyl derivatives.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 168
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    Etude par RMN du proton de la complexation du triéthylaluminium par l'éther diéthylique (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 322-323 
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    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The complex between triethylaluminium and diethylether has been studied by 1H NMR; separate signals have been observed for free and bonded triethylaluminium. From the area ratios, a 1:1 stoichiometry is demonstrated. At higher ether concentrations, chemical shift measurements prove that other complexes do not appear.
    Notes: La complexation entre le triéthylaluminium et l'éther diéthylique a été étudiée par résonance magnétique du proton. On a pu observer des signaux distincts pour le triéthylaluminium libre et le triéthylaluminium lié. Une stoechiométrie 1:1 est démontrée grâce aux rapports des aires de ces signaux. A plus haute concentration d'éther, des mesures de déplacements chimiques prouvent qu'il n'apparaît pas d'autres complexes.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 169
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    NMR studies of bridged ring systems: XIX - 13C—1H spin coupling and 13C chemical shift of the bridge methylene in benzonorbornene and benzonorbornadieneA part of this paper was preliminarily read at the 6th Symposium on NMR, Kyoto, Japan, 1967; Abstracts p. 25. Dedication. This paper is dedicated to the late Dr Haruyuki Watanabe of this laboratory, the last Regional Editor of Japan for this journal, in memory of his activity in the field of NMR spectroscopy. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 324-326 
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    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Data on 13C chemical shifts and 13C—1H spin coupling constants of norbornane (1), norbornene (2), norbornadiene (3), benzonorbornene (4) and benzonorbornadiene (6) are reported. The non-equivalence in J(13C—H) values determined from the two bridge methylene proton signals in 2,2,3,3-tetradeuteriobenzonorbornene (5) and 6 is briefly discussed. The extraordinary deshielding of the bridge methylene carbon in 6 has been noted.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 170
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    NMR study of the acetylation of 2,3-diphenylbenzofuran (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 327-330 
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    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The positions of acetyl groups introduced by Friedel-Crafts reactions into 2,3-diphenylbenzofuran and its derivatives monomethylated in the 5,6 and 7 positions and dimethylated in the 5,6 positions were determined by means of single and double resonance NMR spectra. It was found that the first acetyl group occupies position 6 for all 6-unmethylated compounds and position 5 for 6-methylated compounds. The next two acetyl groups enter the para positions (4′ and 4″) of the phenyl groups with the same probability. When positions 5 and 6 are methylated the acetyl group enters positions 7,4′ and 4″ which are found to be of almost equal reactivity. The NMR parameters of compounds studied are listed.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270060607
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  • 171
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    Stéréochimie en pentacoordination. Apport des réactifs inducteurs de déplacement chimique à l'etude de spirophosphoranes à liaison P—H (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 340-345 
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    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The NMR spectra of eight spirophosphoranes bearing a P—H bond have been recorded in the presence of europium NMR shift reagent. The spectra are simplified by addition of the europium chelate. The observed displacements in the proton NMR lines allow the assignment of the endo and exo signals in some cases. By addition of the NMR shift reagent, one observes a displacement in the phosphite-spirophosphorane equilibrium in some cases.
    Notes: Le spectre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire de huit spirophosphoranes à liaison P—H a été enregistré en présence de chélate d'europium. L'addition du complexe d'europium amène la levée partielle ou totale de dégénérescence des spectres. Les modifications observées dans les déplacements chimiques permettent de proposer une attribution de position endo ou exo de certains signaux. L'addition du complexe d'europium entraîne, dans certains cas, une modification de l'équilibre entre les formes phosphites et spirophosphoranes.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270060609
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  • 172
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    Rotational isomerism: XVIIFor Part XVI, see Ref. 1. - solvent effects on the NMR spectra and rotamer energies of some tetrahaloethanes (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 331-339 
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    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The NMR spectra of 1,1-dichloro-2,2-difluoroethane (1), 1,1-dibromo-2,2-difluoroethane (2), meso and dl 1,2-dichloro-1,2-difluoroethane (3) and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (4) have been analysed in a number of solvents. The 19F spectrum of 3 in L-bornyl acetate at 56·4 and 94·1 MHz allows an unambiguous identification of the meso and dl isomers. The spectra of the d and l isomers consist of two AA′XX′ spectra with a small chemical shift difference between the d and l forms, whilst that of the meso form is an apparent AA′XX′ spectrum at 56·4 MHz but an ABXX′ spectrum at 94·1 MHz, the 19F nuclei in this isomer being anisochronous in this solvent. The observed solvent and temperature dependence of the couplings of 1, 2, meso 3 and 4 when combined with the calculated solvation energies, allow the determination of the rotamer energies and couplings in these molecules. The rotamer energy differences (Eg - Et) in the liquid and vapour states are 0·6 and -0·2 kcal/mol (1); 0·4 and -0·5 kcal/mol (2); 0·9 and 0·2 kcal/mol meso (3) and -0·1 and -0·8 kcal/mol (4). The 3J(HH), 3J(HF) and 3J(FF) couplings for the distinct rotamers are considered together with those of similarly constituted molecules. The general agreement demonstrates that the solvation theory may be applied to multisubstituted ethanes without any basic modifications. The trans oriented HH couplings show a linear substituent electronegativity dependence, which differs appreciably from that obtained for disubstituted ethanes, however. The gauche couplings show the influence of dihedral angle variations as well as substituent electronegativity. The rotamer 3J(FF) couplings in meso 3 are -38·2 Hz (Jt) and -17·4 Hz (Jg).
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 173
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    Calculation of gauche coupling constants from substituent electronegativities (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 355-357 
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    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The calculation of gauche coupling constants from substituent electronegativities by a method which takes into account the orientation of the substituents is described. This correlation has been derived from the coupling constants of disubstituted ethanes and has been applied to the calculation of coupling constants in cyclohexanes and 6-membered heterocycles. The detection of angular distortion in 6-membered rings from the difference between calculated and observed coupling constants is also described.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 174
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    Carbon-13 magnetic resonance study of spiro compounds (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 346-354 
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    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A large series of cyclohexane and cyclopentane spiro compounds has been studied by carbon-13 NMR. Increments have been derived in terms of α, β, γ spiro substituent effects, one ring being considered as the substituent of the other. As usual α and β effects are paramagnetic and γ effects are diamagnetic. They are compared with the corresponding effects associated with the introduction of a gem dimethyl group into a cyclohexane or cyclopentane ring. The size of the two rings involved in the spirane structure has a marked influence especially on the chemical shift of the spirane carbon atom. Comparison between monospiro and dispiro derivatives gives information about the so-called 1,5 or δ effect which is paramagnetic. From an analytical point of view, carbon-13 NMR appears to be a powerful method of detecting the spirane structure, apparently including the relative size of the rings.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 175
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    1H NMR study of cyclo-L-Thr-L-Thr and cyclo-L-Thr-L-His conformations (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 358-359 
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    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Cyclodipeptides containing L-Thr and L-His residues have been studied by 1H NMR in D2O and DMSO-d6. In the neutral form in D2O as in DMSO-d6, the folded form of the L-His residue is not unique. The diketopiperazine ring seems to be not strictly planar.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 176
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    Boron-carbon coupling constants: II - the tetraphenylborate anionFor Part I, see Ref. 1.See Ref. 2. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 360-361 
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    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Boron-carbon coupling constants were obtained from the 13C FT-NMR, 1H noise decoupled spectra of sodium tetraphenylboron and tetra-n-butylammonium tetraphenylboron. The appearance of the spectra, as well as values obtained for J(BC), are discussed and contrasted with previously published data.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 177
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    Quantitative analysis by N.M.R. sprectroscopy by F. Kasler, Academic Press, London, 1973. £4.50 (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. A9 
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    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270060615
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  • 178
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    Annual reports on N.M.R. spectroscopy, vol. 5B, edited by E. F. Mooney, Academic Press, London, 1973, pp. xi + 441. £11.20 (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. A9 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270060616
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    Masthead (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974) 
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    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270060301
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  • 180
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    On the NMR spectrum of 1,3-oxathiane-3-oxide: A contrast between the conformational preference of the sulphinyl oxygen in 1,3-oxathiane-3-oxide and in 1,3-dithiane-1-oxides (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 127-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 100 MHz spectrum of 1,3-oxathiane-3-oxide is reported. Parameters obtained from first order analyses are interpreted in terms of an absence of a conformational preference of the S=O bond at 38°C, but an axial preference at low temperatures. The behaviour contrasts with that found previously in the 1,3-dithiane-1-oxide series.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270060216
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  • 181
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    Chemical shift reagents in the study of polycyclic alcohols IXPart VIII: J. Paasivirta and J. Korvola, Suomen Kemistilehti B 46, 259 (1973). - 1H NMR spectra of myrtenol and some other primary alcohols (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 380-383 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Structure proof of ( - )-myrtenol, 3-cyclopentenyl-1-methanol and 5-norbornene-2-endo-methanol has been obtained from their proton magnetic resonance spectra in carbon tetrachloride containing different added amounts of tris(dipivaloylmethanato)europium. For each alcohol, a 1:1 complex structure with Eu(dpm)3 could be computed, in which the calculated pseudocontact shift effects on all skeleton protons of the ring system were consistent with the observed shift effect values. A considerable contact contribution of opposite sign to that of the pseudocontact part of the effect could be estimated for the methylene protons of the CH2OH group.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270060705
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  • 182
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    Relative signs and conformational dependence of H,H coupling constants in cyclohepta-1,3,5-trienesProton Magnetic Resonance Spectra of Unsaturated Ring Systems, Part XX: for Part XIX, see preceding paper - H. Günther and M. Görlitz, Org. Magn. Resonance 6, 384 (1974). (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 388-394 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 1H NMR spectra of 7,7-dimethyl-3-carbomethoxy-cyclohepta-1,3,5-triene (thujic acid methyl ester), 3,7,7-trimethylcyclohepta-1,3,5-triene and 7,7-dimethoxycyclohepta-1,3,5-triene have been analysed in terms of chemical shifts and coupling constants. Extensive spin tickling experiments were performed to determine the relative signs of the H,H coupling constants in cycloheptatrienes. The conformational dependence of these parameters is discussed and calculated within the framework of the Pople-Santry theory using the extended Hückel method.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270060707
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  • 183
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    Long range carbon - carbon coupling in olefins. 4-13C-4-propyl-3-heptene and 1-13C-1-methylcyclohexene (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 395-397 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: All 13C - 13C splittings involving the C-4 carbon of 4-propyl-3-heptene and the C-1 carbon of 1-methylcyclohexene were determined from the appropriately labeled (〉 90%-13C) derivatives. The observed trends in coupling constants continue to offer additional means of carbon chemical shift assignments and to provide mechanistic information regarding the nature of long range carbon - carbon coupling.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270060708
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  • 184
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    Forthcoming papers (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. A4 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270060712
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  • 185
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    News and events (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. A7 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270060713
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  • 186
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    Konformationsanalyse von 1,4:3,6-bis(Thioanhydro)-D-idit DerivatenZum Teil vorgetragen am XVI.C.S.I. Heidelberg, BRD, Oktober 1971. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 407-412 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Analysis of the 1H NMR spectra of 1,4:3,6-bis (thioanhydro)-D-iditol derivatives (1a to 1c) led to the prediction of the dominant conformations. The configuration and conformation of the symmetric (3) and asymmetric (4) disulphoxides as well as that of the disulphone (5), obtained by oxidation of the 2,5-di-O-acetyl-1,4:3,6-bis(thioanhydro)-D-iditol (1b) was also determined.
    Notes: Die dominierende Konformation einiger 1,4:3,6-bis(Thioanhydro)-D-idit Derivate (1a bis 1c) wurde durch 1H NMR Untersuchungen bestimmt. Weiterhin konnte auch die Konfiguration und Konformation des durch Oxydation aus 2,5-Di-O-acetyl-1,4:3,6-bis(thioanhydro)-D-idit (1b) hergestellten symmetrischen (3) und asymmetrischen (4) Disulfoxyds, sowohl die des Disulfons (5) aufgeklärt werden.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270060802
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  • 187
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    Carbon-13 NMR spectra of arylmethyl carbanions (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 580-582 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Carbon-13 chemical shifts of three arylmethyl carbanions have been determined by changing solvents and counter ions. The charge distributions in the carbanions are discussed and compared with those obtained from the 1H chemical shifts.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270061106
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  • 188
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    A carbon-13 NMR study of some sulfur-containing organic compounds (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 583-585 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Carbon-13 NMR spectra have been obtained and analyzed for a series of saturated linear and cyclic sulfur-containing organic molecules. For the large cyclic polythiaethers whose proton spectra are broad and unresolved, it is found that carbon-13 spectra are sharp and well resolved. The resonances of all carbons fall within the expected chemical shift ranges. Based upon the comparative resolution in the spectra of large and small cyclic species, it is concluded that whatever conformational motion may exist within the rings must be occurring very rapidly on the NMR time scale.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270061107
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  • 189
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    The structure of 1,6,6aλ4-trithiapentalene and substituted 1,6,6aλ4-trithiapentalenes studied by means of NMR spectroscopy (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 586-589 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 13C NMR spectra of unsubstituted 1,6,6aλ4-trithiapentalene and a series of methyl and phenyl substituted 1,6,6aλ4-trithiapentalenes have been recorded. The spectra have been assigned by comparison with 1H NMR data based on coupling constants from undecoupled spectra. From the chemical shift of C-3a it is concluded that the double bond character of the C-3a - S-6a is low. The relaxation times for C-2 and C-3 only show small differences; this seems not to be in favour of a fast interconversion between two thiocarbonyl forms. The NMR data obtained seem thus to be in accordance with a bicyclic naphthalene-like structure with ten delocalised π-electrons.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270061108
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  • 190
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    Mass spectral studies on steroidal compounds - V: Rings B and A seco 5-keto compounds in the cholestane series (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 1-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of several structurally related ring B seco 5-keto compounds (I to VII) have been examined. The mass spectra of I, II, III and IV are conspicuous by an intense peak at m/e112(C7H12O) and those of V (highest mass peak at [M — CH3COOH]), VI and VII by a prominent peak at m/e 100 (C7H10O), which apparently results from McLafferty rearrangement involving 5-keto function and an appropriate γ-hydrogen at C-8 and C-11. This rearrangement, leading to the aforementioned ions, is of diagnostic value in the characterisation of such compounds. The mass spectrum of VIII exhibits a prominent ion peak at m/e 332 (C23H40O) resulting from McLafferty rearrangement involving the 5-keto function and C2—H. This offers an excellent means of differentiating between the isomeric acids (III and VIII). The fragmentation pathways suggested are supported by accurate mass measurement of the salient fragment ions and in some cases by appropriate metastable peaks.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210080102
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  • 191
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    The electron-impact-induced fragmentation of acridine (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 95-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Studies of both high and low resolution spectra, and of metastable decompositions occurring in both the first and second field-free regions of the mass spectrometer have led to a postulated scheme for the fragmentation of acridine under electron-impact. There is no specific loss of label from either [9-2H1]acridine or [4,5-2H2]acridine in any fragmentation, nor is there any total scrambling of label in either molecular ion prior to loss of HCN. There is certainly some degree of scrambling preceding HCN loss from [M]+· at 70 eV, but this does not involve the 9-H to any detectable extent. There is no strong evidence for the acridine molecular ion having the same structure as that of four other C13H9N isomers.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210080113
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  • 192
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    Mass spectrometric studies of peptides - VI:For Part V, see Ref. 1.. Applications of metastable ion and collisional activation spectra (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 117-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An unambiguous differentiation between leucine and isoleucine residues in peptides is possible with unimolecular metastable ion (MI) and collisional activation (CA) spectra. The immonium ion \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm [Y}\!\mathop {\rm N}\limits^{\rm + } {\rm H = CHC}_{\rm 4} {\rm H}_{\rm 9} {\rm ]} $\end{document}, which is present in the normal mass spectra of all leucine or isoleucine containing peptides, yields MI spectra with which this differentiation can be made with high sensitivity. The MI and CA spectra of other peptide fragments are also applicable in particular cases. MI and CA spectra can also be used to obtain information on the amino acide sequences of individual ions. In general more extensive sequece information is available from CA than from MI spectra. This information appears to be particularly promising for the sequencing of oligopeptide mixtures or of ions produced by field or chemical ionization.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210080116
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  • 193
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    Ionisation et Fragmentation en Spectrométrie de Masse. IV -  Appreciation de L'energie D'activation Pour des Fragmentation Simples`me Partie, voir Réf. 1. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974), S. 12-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Different methods have been tested to determine the activation energy for simple cleavages.
    Notes: L'énergie d'actvation des ruptures simples a été determiné par différents méthodes.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210090103
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  • 194
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    Étude D'une Série de Phénoxazines et D'azaphénoxazines par Spectrométrie de Masse (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974), S. 19-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Mass spectra of substituted phenoxazines and azaphenoxazines have been determined and are discussed here. These compounds are characterised by hydrogen on the heterocyclic nitrogen and aromatic rings with nitro groups and chlorine as substituents. The fragmentation patterns are explained by known mechanisms. An interpretation of almost all the peaks is offered. The presence of the substituents causes a complete change in the fragmentation patterns compared with the unsubstituted phenoxazine. This is due to changes in charge localisation, caused by the substituents. Isomerisation of the nitro group to the nitroso group gives rise to a particular fragmentation route.
    Notes: Nous avons effectué les spectres de masse de phénoxazines et d'azaphénoxazines substituées. Ces composés sont caractérisés par la présence d' un hydrogéne sur l'azote hétérocyclique et la position de substituants NO2 et Cl sur les cycles aromatiques. A l'aide de mécanismes classiques, nous avons rationalisé les processus de fragmentation et expliqué les pics principaux de ces specters. La présence de substituants Cl et NO2 perturbent totalement la fragmentation observée dans le cas de la molécule de phénoxazine. Ils favorisent la localisation de la charge suivant leur position sur le cycle, soit sur l'azote, soit sur l'oxygéne hétérocycliques. Quant au gropement NO2 par isomérisation (forme nitroso), il donne lieu éa une fragmentation spécifique.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210090104
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  • 195
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    Etude Comparée de la Fragmentation de Trois Composés Médicamenteux a Structure Hétérocyclique: la Primaclone, le Glutethimide et le Phenobarbital (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974), S. 53-57 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Mass spectra obtained from the three title compounds were compared. High resolution studies and deuterium labelling allowed a proposal for an original cracking pattern, typical of the structure. The postulated mechanism involves a six-centred cyclic electron transfer, generating an aromatic radical ion. Cracking patterns characteristic of barbiturates could also be observed.
    Notes: Les spectes de masse de ces trois composés ont éteacute; comparé. L'utilisation de la haute résolution et de la méthode de marquage au deuté a permis de mettre en évidence un mécanisme de fragmentation particulier commun aux trois dérivés. Ce mécanisme consiste en un transfert électronique cyclique á six centres donnant naissance á un ion radical aromatique. Les mécanismes de fragmentation propres aux barbituriques ont également été observé.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210090107
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  • 196
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    Massenspektrometrische Untersuchung von Amiden: IIIAls II. Mitteilung gilt: H. Schwarz und F. Bohlmann, Tetrahedron Letters 3703 (1973). - Intramolekulare Nucleophile Substitution bei der Methyl-Abspaltung aus Crotonsaurepiperidid und Vinylogen Derivaten (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974), S. 84-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The methyl cleavage from piperidides of type CH3(CH=CH)nCONC5H10 with n = 1 to 3 does not proceed via ring contraction as shown earlier with n = 0. The fragmentation can be formulated with the concept of neighbouring group participation of the amide function which leads to a cyclic transition state. Investigations with a 2H-labelled compound in the case of n = 1 as well as energy measurements (AP, IP, Ek) agree with this assumption.
    Notes: Die Methyl-Abspaltung aus Piperididen des Typs CH3(CH=CH)nCONC5H10 verläft bei n = 1 bis 3 nicht über einem Ringverengungsprozeß, wie er früher für n = 0 bewiesen wurde. Die Fragmentierung kann über einen cyclischen Übergangszustand formuliert werden, der unter Nachbargruppenbeteiligung der Amidfunktion entsteht. Sowohl die Untersuchung einer 2H-markierten Verbindung für n = 1 als auch energetische Messungen (AP, IP, Ek) bei n = 0 bis 3 stimmen mit dieser Vorstellung überein.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210090112
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  • 197
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    The mass spectra of some pyridazines, pyrido-pyridazines and related compoundsPresented in part at the ‘Atti del II° Convegno di Spectrometria di Massa,’ Ispra, Italy, September 1971, Euratom Report-EUR 4765, 1972, p. 251. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 31-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectral fragmentation behaviour of substituted sulphur containing pyridazines, pyrido (2,3-d) pyridazines and pyrido-thiazolo-pyridazines has been investigated and fragmentation patterns proposed.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 198
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    SN2 reactions in the gas phase. Structure of the transition stateThis work has been supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 77-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The alkylhalide-halide association ions, [RX2]- that are observed in the negative chemical ionization mass spectra of alkyl halides appear to be directly related to the corresponding SN2 transition states in solution. ‘Frontside’ association of halide ions with bridgehead alkyl halides does not occur in our system. The Change in heats and entropies of association for the chloromethane series is consistent with delocalization in the [RX]2- ions.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210080109
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  • 199
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    Mass spectrometry of stable free radicals - II:For Part I, see Ref. 1. pyrrolidine nitroxides (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 43-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 3-Substituted-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine nitroxides are stable free radicals used extensively in the synthesis of ‘spin labels’. The high resolution mass spectra of these nitroxides substituted with —CH2OH, —OH, —NH2 and =o have been recorded on magnetic tape and the elemental compositions of the ions calculated by computer. Ionisation by electron bombardment(70eV), gives rise to an even-electron molecular ion species. [M+1]+. ions are observed in the spectra of all compounds examined, except in the case of the 3-carbonyl compound, 2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolid-3-one-1-oxyl. Loss of a methyl radical from these ions leads to the appearance of ions at [M -14]+. The predominant fragmentation for those compounds in which the substituents can supply electrons to the ring, is the sequential elimination of isobutene, nitric oxide and a hydrogen radical. In the case of the 3-hydroxy compound, these ions account for 23 percent of the total ion current.2,2,5,5-Tetramethylpyrrolid-3-one-1-oxyl, which bears an electron-withdrawing substituent gives rise to a fragmentation pattern somewhat different from those of the other compounds. The main features are the absence of a peak at [M + 1]+· and the general phenomenon of fewer peaks but with higher intensities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210080106
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  • 200
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    Using model ionization efficiency curves to evaluate the methods for determining appearance potentials (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 61-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Six methods of estimating appearance potentials from ionization efficiency curves of ions arising from single, competitive, consecutive and isolated ionic reactions are evaluated, using computed electron-impact ionization efficiency curves as ‘experimental’ data.Of the linear extrapolation, semi-log, second derivative, energy compensation, Warren and critical slope methods, a modified critical slope method gives the most accurate appearance potentials for fragment ions. Experimental data are presented to support this conclusion.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210080108
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