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  • 1985-1989  (479)
  • 1920-1924
  • 1988  (479)
  • Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling  (332)
  • Genetics  (147)
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  • 1985-1989  (479)
  • 1920-1924
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 94 (1988), S. 428-430 
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Lithium ; Clonidine ; alpha2-Adrenoceptor ; Locomotor activity ; Genetics ; Mice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Four strains of mice (C57, BALB, DBA, C3H) were used to determine whether genetic factors influence the effects of lithium on hypoactivity induced by a low dose of the alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine (0.2 mg/kg). Lithium was administered in the diet for 3–4 weeks at a dosage that produced average serum lithium levels of 0.58–0.66 mmol/l. Locomotor activity was reduced by either clonidine or by lithium given alone. When combined, however, lithium attenuated the activity-suppressant effects of clonidine, and that action was influenced by genetic factors. The findings suggest that genetic differences in alpha2-adrenoceptors play a role in behavioural effects of lithium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 76 (1988), S. 405-410 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Zea mays ; Haploid induction ; Gynogenesis ; Genetics ; Inducer line
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The effect of genotype on maternal haploid plant production in maize was studied. The frequency of gynogenetic plants when “Stock 6” was used as pollinator varied according to the female parent genotype. No simple relation was observed between genotypic aptitudes for gynogenetic and androgenetic development, which occured after pollination of “W23” plant carrying the “indeterminate gametophyte” gene. Furthermore, the population NS, a favorably responsive genotype to anther culture, does not exhibit exceptional ability for in vivo gynogenesis. The effect of inbreeding and the influence of maternal haploid origin suggest that specific genes control maternal haploid initiation and development. However, gynogenetic development is not limited to a particular genotype. The frequency of maternal haploids may be increased by using specific pollen parents. Attempts were made to select for a high haploidyinducing trait and the present study reports the successful development of lines that can be utilized as pollen parents to induce haploids for experimental purposes and breeding programmes. When an inbred line “WS14”, derived from the cross W23 x Stock 6, was used as pollen parent, 2%–5% maternal haploids were obtained according to the female parent genotype. A high haploidy-inducing potential is a heritable trait and may be controlled by a limited number of genes. Genetic determination of the haploidy-inducing character was examined in relation to the efficiency of the selecting method and the mechanisms involved in the origin of maternal haploids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 2 (1988), S. 239-243 
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Keywords: Cockayne syndrome ; Renal histology ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two siblings with typical features of the Cockayne syndrome were studied at autopsy. Many glomeruli revealed a paucity of capillary loops and had thickened capillary walls. Some glomeruli with advanced lesions showed collapse of the glomerular tufts or complete hyalinization. Atrophy of tubules and interstitial fibrosis were also observed. There were no significant arteriosclerotic changes in the vessels. Ultrastructural studies demonstrated thickened glomerular basement membranes with bends and folds. These histopathological findings are different to those previously reported with the exception of the 1966 report by Ohno and Hirooka.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Genetics ; Hepatitis-B virus ; Immunogenetics ; Vaccination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The variation in immune responses to standard inoculation of the hepatitis-B virus vaccine suggest that host factors influence response in ways that are not presently understood. We studied 25 low/nonresponding health care workers (anti-HBs titer 〈50 IU/l) after the third inoculation of an experimental hepatitis-B vaccine to determine their immune status (through lymphocyte phenotypes) and HLA type. After application of a fourth inoculation, the seroconverting subjects showed only low anti-HBs levels; three male subjects remained anti-HBs negative. Twelve months after the fourth inoculation only 9 of 25 subjects (36%) maintained anti-HBs titer 〉10 IU/l. Almost all subjects had normal B-cell and CD-4 and CD-8 counts and ratios. Relative to other European populations HLA-A-10 (P〈0.05), B-12 (P〈0.025), CW-5 (P〈0.05), DR-3 (P〈0.025), and DR-5 (P〈0.025) were increased, whereas DR-2 (P〈0.05) was decreased. However, after correction of theP-values for the number of HLA antigens determined, these differences were no longer significant. Furthermore, these HLA types were not the same as those reported in other studies (except for DR-3). We suggest that larger sample sizes or even not yet available immunogenetic markers will be required to prove an “immunogenetic background” in low/nonresponders, if it exists.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 44 (1988), S. 491-495 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Genetics ; stress ; emotionality ; locus ceruleus ; Maudsley strains
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The Maudsley Reactive and Non-Reactive strains have been developed as a model for the study of individual variations in stress-reactivity, and many differences in biobehavioral systems have been found between them. This review discusses limitations of the ‘emotionality’ construct in accounting for differences between the Maudsley strains and offers an alternative, theoretical approach. Amaral and Sinnamon have proposed that the locus ceruleus (LC) plays a stress-attenuating role in mediating behavioral, physiological and neuroendocrine response to prepotent, emergency-provoking stimuli and, building upon this formulation, it is proposed that the LC has been an important focus for gene action in the Maudsley model. It is suggested that the LC of the Non-Reactive strain is more strongly activated by stressful stimuli than the LC of Reactive rats, and is the basis of many of the behavioral and physiological differences between them. Behavioral and biochemical evidence consistent with this proposition is reviewed. Identification of the LC as a target for gene-action in the Maudsley model has an important advantage. It substitutes variations at a specific anatomic location in the brain for a loosely defined construct like emotionality, and the hypothesis is amenable to empirical tests by a variety of experimental approaches.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 147 (1988), S. 550-552 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Pterygium syndrome ; Congenital malformations ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We present two brothers with Multiple Pterygium Syndrome type Escobar. Characteristic findings in this autosomal recessively inherited pterygium syndrome are, in addition to multiple pterygia, short stature, cleft palate, vertebral fusion defects and minor facial anomalies. The adult height in the two male siblings was below the third centile. Secondary sexual development and testicular size were normal, in contrast with the cryptorchidism and pubertal delay documented in most young patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Genetics ; Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes ; insulin receptor ; linkage analysis ; maturity onset diabetes of the young
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The possibility of linkage between the human insulin receptor gene locus and diabetes was examined in three Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic families and one family with maturity onset diabetes of the young. Insulin receptor gene haplotypes were established using BglII, Rsal and Sstl restriction enzyme digests of genomic DNA from all available family members. The digested DNA was subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis, Southern blotted, and hybridised to 32P-labelled human insulin receptor gene cDNA. In the pedigree with maturity onset diabetes of the young, formal linkage analysis allowed exclusion of close linkage between the insulin receptor locus and diabetes (logarithm of the odds for linkage versus non-linkage was −5.35 at recombination fraction of 0.01). This confirms the absence of linkage between insulin receptor and diabetes which has been reported in two similar pedigrees. In the three Type 2 diabetic families there were a minimum of 4 recombinants between the insulin receptor locus and diabetes, which makes a direct role for insulin receptor defects unlikely. The importance of using realistic estimates of penetrance when performing linkage analysis in a disease with a late age of onset is emphasised. In contrast to the one previous linkage analysis study of the insulin receptor gene, no specific association of diabetes with the rare Sstl Sl(-) allele was observed in either the maturity onset diabetes of the young or the Type 2 diabetic families.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diabetologia 31 (1988), S. 407-414 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Genetics ; Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes ; linkage analysis ; restriction fragment length polymorphism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the last five years, genetic markers for a large number of diseases have been localised using linkage analysis of DNA polymorphisms in affected families. The site of the genetic defect or defects leading to Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, a common illness with a major genetic component, remains unknown. This is due, at least in part, to the lack of large well-defined Type 2 diabetic pedigrees suitable for linkage analysis. There are several features of the disease which make large pedigrees difficult to find. The late age of onset of most probands means that informative older generations are often dead, while there is difficulty in detecting disease in younger generations. The diagnostic criteria for diabetes are, as yet, dependent on an arbitrary cut-off along a continuum of plasma glucose. The high prevalence of the disease may also produce problems as, in any given family, diabetogenic genes may be contributed by more than one parent. Varieties of the disease with a well-defined inheritance, such as maturity onset diabetes of youth, are more suitable for linkage analysis but might be due to defects at a different gene locus. Despite these difficulties, once large well-defined pedigrees have been found, linkage analysis using both candidate genes and random highly polymorphic markers is the strategy most likely to find genetic markers for the disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Ornithine decarboxylase ; Chicken ; Muscle ; Genetics ; Growth differences
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Little is known about the biochemical correlates of selection for growth in farm or laboratory animals, or the identity of the gene products affected or produced by ‘trait-genes’. Modern broiler chickens have about 8-fold greater breast muscle mass than layer chickens at 7 weeks of age and over 2-fold greater breast muscle mass than their 1972 counterparts. This increase in muscle mass is associated with over 20-fold higher levels of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) in broiler chickens at 1 week of age as compared with layer strain chickens; there is a comparable increase in a relaxed-selection strain of broilers. The increase in ODC levels is larger than the differences in muscle or body weight between broilers and layers at 7 weeks of age, occurs at an age when there is no difference in weights between the strains and precedes the major growth spurt. Increases in ODC levels and hence polyamine synthesis have been associated with, and usually precede, rapid growth and cell proliferation in a wide range of cell types and organisms in response to many different stimuli. Therefore, the correlation of ODC levels with genetic differences in muscle growth make it worth investigating the control of ODC gene expression in these strains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 75 (1988), S. 889-901 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Soybean ; Restriction fragment length polymorphism ; Genetics ; Allele ; Variation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLP) have been identified between widely distant cultivars (‘Minsoy’ and ‘Noir 1 ’) of soybean Glycine max (L.) Merrill. Using as probes randomly chosen clones of DNA, one in five probes revealed a polymorphism. More than half of these polymorphisms appear to result from rearrangements of the genomic DNA. Twenty seven markers were analyzed for linkage in F2 plants. Eleven of these markers were contained in four linkage groups. Five cultivars were compared in a search for new alleles. When RFLP markers corresponding to low copy DNA were used to analyze three other cultivars — ‘Sooty’, ‘Forrest’ and ‘Mandarin (Ottawa)’ — few new alleles were found. Using these probes, five different markers could be used to differentiate the five cultivars. Complex probes, which correspond to repeated DNA, revealed different polymorphisms in different cultivars and a single such probe could be used to distinguish the five cultivars from each other.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 95 (1988), S. 237-244 
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Morphine ; Etonitazene ; Genetics ; Mice ; Taste ; Saccharine ; Gender
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract C57BL/6J and DBA/2J mouse strains have been characterized as morphine preferrers and avoiders, respectively (Horowitz et al. 1977). Previously, sweetened morphine solutions were presented with a water alternative, primarily with male subjects. Because sweetness may affect the endogenous opioid system and rodents have shown strain and sex differences in taste preferences, this study looked for strain- and gender-related taste preferences that might have affected opiate consumption. Preference for sweetened and unsweetened morphine and etonitazene was compared across gender and strain. In all choice tests, the control was a similar tasting quinine sulphate solution. Under these conditions, C57BL/6J mice continued to show strong preference for morphine. However, DBA/2J mice drank approximately equal amounts of morphine and quinine solutions, rather than avoiding morphine as when water was the alternative. Both strains appeared surprisingly indifferent to the synthetic opioid etonitazene, compared because it is potent at concentrations having barely perceptible bitterness. This raises the possibility of unexpected differences in post-ingestional effects between morphine and etonitazene. Contrary to reports of gender differences in sweet preference in rats, none were found in either strain of mouse. Neither were there any significant sex differences in opiate preference in either strain. C57 mice preferred sweetness more than did DBA mice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Selective breeding ; Mouse ; Ethanol-stimulated activity ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Low doses of ethanol (EtOH) stimulate activity in an open field in many strains of laboratory mice. We are selectively breeding two lines of mice to exhibit a large (FAST) response on this test, and two other lines to exhibit a small (SLOW) response (Crabbe et al. 1987). The lines initially diverged in response to EtOH, but despite continued selection pressure, the difference between each pair of FAST and SLOW lines has not increased over generations as much as expected. Our practice has been to test animals on the 1st day after saline injection, and repeat the test after EtOH injection 24 h later. Lister (1987) recently demonstrated that the order in which an animal was exposed to EtOH and saline influenced the magnitude of the response to EtOH, with animals tested initially after EtOH having greater stimulation. Middaugh et al. (1987) recently demonstrated that the magnitude of EtOH stimulation was greater under conditions of relatively bright light than under dim light. Using non-selected Swiss mice, the current experiments essentially confirmed Lister's findings. Using FAST and SLOW mice, the predictions of both groups were tested. Both hypotheses were confirmed. Additionally, these experiments demonstrated that the magnitude of the difference between FAST and SLOW mice was greater under bright light than under dim light. The line difference was also greater when tested in the EtOH-Saline order. In experiments with Swiss mice, the possible role of peritoneal irritation in the EtOH effect was eliminated, and the optimal dose and time for demonstrating the effect was determined. These experiments confirm the importance of lighting condition, order of testing, dose, and route of administration in eliciting EtOH-stimulated open field activity in mice. They demonstrate a genotype-environment interaction, since the magnitude of difference between genetically selected lines varied as a function of the testing parameters chosen. Finally, they indicate that the differences between FAST and SLOW lines in sensitivity to EtOH generalizes to several environmental conditions. We interpret this to mean that the various EtOH-induced activation traits represented by these different environmental and testing conditions are genetically correlated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 235 (1988), S. 366-367 
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome ; Twin study ; Computed tomography ; Clinical neurophysiology ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A 19-year-old male twin pair were concordant for suffering from Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome in different forms and severity. CT revealed ventricular asymmetries of varying degree within the normal range and there were no neurophysiological abnormalities. The interrelationship of genetic and environmental factors in phenotyping the syndrome is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 235 (1988), S. 422-424 
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Epidemiology ; Genetics ; Hereditary motor neuropathy ; Spinal muscular atrophy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A 4-year-search for spinal muscular atrophies (hereditary motor neuropathies, HMN) in Benghazi, Libya, yielded a total of 24 patients, among whom 18 were index cases. This group comprised 6 acute infantile, 12 chronic childhood, and 3 each with adult-onset proximal, and distal forms of the disorder. Distal HMN constituted 12.5% of the total cases. The crude average annual incidence of acute infantile HMN was 0.3/100,000 total population and 1/12,500 births in Benghazi. The crude prevalence rates of chronic childhood, adult-onset proximal, and distal types of HMN were 2.3, 0.6, and 0.6/100,000 respectively. The segregation ratios, 0.26 for acute infantile HMN and 0.24 for chronic childhood HMN, suggested autosomal recessive inheritance. The consanguinity rates among parents of cases and the population did not differ significantly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    ISSN: 0032-8332
    Keywords: Saimiri ; Human-type ABO blood groups ; Genetics ; Colony management
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The human-type ABO blood groups were determined for 94 families of the squirrel monkey which included 151 animals. Four phenotypes of ABO blood groups (A, B, AB, and O) were detected. Family analysis revealed that the human-type ABO blood groups in this species were governed by three alleles, codominantA andB and silentO. There were intraspecific differences in the distribution of phenotypes and gene frequency among three populations imported by different routes at different times. The usefulness of ABO blood groups for defining the genetic variability of a squirrel monkey breeding colony through successive generations is discussed on the basis of the difference in distribution of ABO blood groups between wild-originated parental and its first colony-born populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 237 (1988), S. 244-252 
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: EEG ; Genetics ; MZ/DZ twins reared apart ; Within-pair similarity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Within the broader context of our investigations into the heredity of the human EEG, we analysed the EEGs of 28 pairs of monozygotic and 21 pairs of dizygotic twins who were separated as infants and reared apart. The principal goal of this study was to determine the degree to which environmental factors possibly influence the development of a person's EEG. Monozygotic twins reared apart were, with respect to their EEGs, only slightly less similar to each other (if there is any difference at all) than the same person is to himself over time. For dizygotic twins reared apart, we verified the findings of our previous study, namely, that the average within-pair similarity of EEGs estimated from a sufficiently representative sample of fraternal twins was significantly higher than the average inter-individual similarity of EEGs obtained from unrelated persons. The results on both monozygotic and dizygotic twins, yielded conclusive proof that the individual EEG pattern is predominantly determined by hereditary factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Taxonomy ; Germplasm identification ; Varietal identity ; Environmental interaction ; Genetics ; Multivariate analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Separations of kafirin and alcohol soluble glutelin proteins by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) from 7 inbreds and one hybrid of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] and one source of Johnsongrass [Sorghum halapense (L.) Pers.] were compared. Objectives were to assess the stability of protein profiles for seed sources produced at different locations and in different environments to examine the potential of RP-HPLC to provide genotypic profiles for sorghum. Analyses of variance data showed that levels of variation due to environments and locations were small; the majority of variation (93%) was among genotypes. Associations among inbreds revealed by multivariate and cluster analysis showed similarity with those that would be expected on the basis of pedigree. A chi-square analysis showed no deviation in the hybrid profile from the expected 2∶1 ratio of peaks from the female and male inbred parents, respectively. Improvements in the ability to correctly assign common peaks are necessary before associations among numerous sorghum genotypes can be reliably demonstrated by analysis of data from reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC).
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  • 18
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Nicotiana plumbaginifolia ; Nitrate reductase ; Genetics ; Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A total of 70 cnx mutants have been characterized from a collection of 211 nitrate reductase deficient (NR-) mutants isolated from mutagenized Nicotiana plumbaginifolia protoplast cultures after chlorate selection and regeneration into plants. They are presumed to be affected in the biosynthesis of the molybdenum cofactor since they are also deficient for xanthine dehydrogenase activity but contain NR apoenzyme. The remaining clones were classified as nia mutants. Sexual crosses performed between cnx mutants allowed them to be classified into six independent complementation groups. Mutants representative of these complementation groups were used for somatic hybridization experiments with the already characterized N. plumbaginifolia mutants NX1, NX24, NX23 and CNX103 belonging to the complementation groups cnxA, B, C and D respectively. On the basis of genetic analysis and somatic hybridization experiments, two new complementation groups, cnxE and F, not previously described in higher plants, were characterized. Unphysiologically high levels of molybdate can restore the NR activity of cnxA mutant seedlings in vivo, but cannot restore NR activity to any mutant from the other cnx complementation groups.
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 33 (1988) 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 33 (1988), S. 19-26 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A completely analytic method for evaluating three-center nuclear attraction integrals for STOS is presented. The method exploits a separation of the STO into an ‘evenly loaded’ solid harmonic and a OS STO. The harmonics are translated to the molecular center of mass in closed finite terms. The OS STO is translated using the Gegenbauer addition theorem; 1s STOS are translated using a single parametric differentiation of the OS formula. Explicit formulas for the integrals are presented for arbitrarily located atoms. A numerical example is given to illustrate the method.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 33 (1988) 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 33 (1988), S. 87-113 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Two three-dimensional numerical schemes are presented for molecular integrands such as matrix alements of one-electron operators occuring in the Fock operator and expectation values of one-electron operators describing molecular properties. The schemes are based on a judicious partitioning of space so that product-Gauss integration rules can be used in each region. Convergence with the number of integration points is such that very high accuracy (8-10 digits) may be obtained with obtained with a modest number of points. The use of point group symmetry to reduce the required number of points is discussed. Examples are given for overlap, nuclear potential, and electric field gradient integrals.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 23
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new definition of a canonical set of bonded functions has been introduced. For a given configuration with r singly occupied orbitals and given multiplicity, the set exhibits symmetry properties of a group of order r. It simplifies the evaluation of the energy matrix H as well as the orthogonalization procedure.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 33 (1988), S. 369-369 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 33 (1988) 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 33 (1988), S. 373-394 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We examine various perturbation-variational approximations for molecular electronic energy when the fifth-order perturbational energies are available. Such theories require very little additional computation once the sequence of perturbation energies are known yet supply a bound even when the peturbation sequence is poorly convergent. We choose for computational examples results obtained very rapidly from a zeroth order wave function consisting of doubly occupied localized bonds and examine polarization within these bonds, delocalization, and bond breaking. In general, we find that the fifth-order energy itself, and especially the [2, 1] Padé approximant on this sequence, are especially accurate in estimating the total energy and more accurate than any variational scheme when the zeroth order localized wave function is a good description of the electronic structure. The variational results, however, are nearly as accurate, and a [1, 0] Padé on the sequence of variational results is remarkably robust, even in those cases where the perturbation sequence is poorly defined.We also examine several scaling techniques, or partitionings of the Hamiltonian. Although these scaling techniques do accelerate convergence of the perturbation sequence, none that we examine give better results, than the [2, 1] padé, which is independent of any scaling.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 33 (1988) 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 1-8 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new MO-LCAO description of the nephelauxetic effect is proposed based on the concept of the topological atom and on the method of reduced density matrices. This approach allows one to overcome some conceptual difficulties of ligand-field theory and to derive effective parameters of d-d electron repulsion of a bound transition-metal in a proper way. The two ligand-field mechanisms of the nephelauxetic effect - the central field covalency and the symmetry-restricted covalency - are clarified and generalized. In addition, a new factor, important for the nephelauxetic effect is found: its size-dependence on the region of the topological atom.
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  • 29
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 47-71 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A Hartree-Fock (HF) self-consistent field (SCF) crystal orbital (CO) formalism for two- and three-dimensional (2D/3D) solids on the basis of semiempirical CNDO/INDO (complete neglect of differential overlap; intermediate neglect of differential overlap) Hamiltonians is presented. The employed SCF variants allow for the treatment of atomic species up to bromine under the inclusion of the first (i.e., 3d) transition metal series. Band structure investigations of 2D and 3D materials containing more than 30 atoms per unit cell are feasible by the present SCF HF CO formalism. The theoretical background of the computational scheme is given in this contribution. Special emphasis is placed on physically reliable truncation criteria for the lattice sums, the adaptation of the crystal symmetry in k space, as well as the suitable choice of domains in Brillouin zone (BZ) integrations required in the determination of charge-density matrices. The capability and limitations of the semiempirical SCF HF CO approach is demonstrated for some simpler solids by comparing the present computational results with those of ab initio CO schemes as well as conventional numerical methods in soid-state theory. The employed model solids are graphite and BN (2D and 3D networks for both solids) as well as diamond, silicon, germanium, and TiS2.
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  • 30
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 143-160 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The dynamics of a model triatomic hydrogen bond are analyzed through classical mechanics. The approximate separability of the equations of motion induces the existence of an adiabatic invariant for the intramolecular mode motion. This mode is governed by a Mathieu equation, a feature already present for the antisymmetric mode in symmetric triatomics. The corresponding spectrum readily obtained as the Fourier transform of a classical trajectory shows that the fundamental frequency is shifted to lower values owing to the anharmonicity of the potential. We observe also a substructure of combination lines generated by a nonlinear resonance with the intermolecular mode. These properties are consistent with experimental observation. In a four-atoms model, the lines are split when intramolecular Fermi resonance occurs. When the intermolecular mode becomes chaotic there is no vibrational heating of the intramolecular neighboring mode which tends to behave like a local isolated oscillator.
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  • 31
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 85-86 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 32
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 87-87 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 33
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988) 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 34
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 121-131 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new and very simple one-range expansion of the 0s function is derived and employed as the starting point of three recurrence relations which allow the expansion of arbitrary Slater functions over displaced centers. Convergence of the expansions, both pointwise and in norm, are analyzed, and three-center nuclear attraction integrals are chosen for a further test of the formal developments and the numerical behavior of these expansions.
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  • 35
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 193-193 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 36
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 207-216 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Two molecular charge similarity index (CSI) methods are further evaluated for practical application: one method based on a simple CNDO-type approximation to the electron density function and the other based on an ab initio pseudo total charge density function. The test system consists of isosteric analogues of dimethyl ether and methoxy acetic acid. The effects of differences in skeletal structure on the CSI measure of electron density similarity about corresponding atoms is estimated, and two new developments are presented for application of the ab initio-based method: (1) an INDO-type approximation which improves the efficiency of the CSI calculation; and (2) a FOCUS feature which enables comparisons of local molecule regions.
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  • 37
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 247-266 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The distribution of energy levels of an N-identical-particle system among the irreducible representations of the permutation group is examined for a “spin-free” problem. There are calculated the sums of powers of the eigenenergies obtained from the original N!-fold degenerate energy level when the interaction between the particles is switched on. The first-order perturbation theory is applied. Some results of the present approach are shown to be equivalent to the results of the Weyl's theory of the permutation group. The distribution of energy levels is found to be symmetric with respect to the average energy level belonging to a self-conjugate representation. For a special case of the Coulomb interaction the wave function of the highest level is fully symmetric, whereas that of the lowest level is fully antisymmetric with respect to the interchange of the coordinates of any two particles. The average energy and the dispersion of the levels belonging to a given representation are calculated for some N.
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  • 38
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 289-300 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: It is shown how the properties of the one-particle Green's function lead naturally to the definition of the so-called natural energy orbitals. These orbitals allow the fully correlated total energy of a system to be written in Hartree-Fock-like fashion and might therefore provide a bridge between sophisticated correlated wave functions and approximate theories of chemical structure and reactivity based on a Hartree-Fock-like energy expression. Moreover these orbitals form the basis for a self-consistent scheme to calculate the one-particle Green's function. The relation between these natural energy orbitals and the extended Koopmans' theorem is considered. Finally it is shown that the exactness of the lowest extended Koopmans' ionization potential implies the linear independence of the corresponding Dyson orbital from all other Dyson orbitals.
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  • 39
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 309-323 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The shape wave u(r) is defined in such a way that the square of its absolute value gives the shape of the electron charge density for a nonrelativistic many-electron system: |u(r)|2 = ρ(r)/∫ρ(r) dr, where ρ(r) is the total electron charge density. The u(r) is treated as the probability amplitude for the shape of the electron charge density in the real three-dimensional space. The secular equation of the u(r) is given as L(r)u(r) = λu(r), where L(r) and λ are a real Hermitean operator and the eigenvalue, respectively. This equation has the form of the spinless one-particle Schrödinger equation. The potential is local and is a functional of ρ(r), and so we need a self-consistent field procedure to solve it. For equilibrium state shape wave u = ueq, which is temperature-dependent, and for stationary state shape wave u = u0, respectively, Leq(r)ueq(r) = λequeq(r) and L0(r)u0(r) = λ0u0(r). For one-electron systems, the latter equation reduces to the Schrödinger equation for a stationary state, with the usual eigenvalue λ0 = E0. In general, λ is identified with the Gibbs chemical potential μG. Boundary conditions such as the cusp condition at a nucleus and exponential decay at an infinitely large distance from the nucleus are easily implemented. In case L(r) allows complex eigenfunctions, u(r) = A(r)eiS(r), the hydrodynamical potential appears in the secular equation for the real amplitude A(r). The real phase S(r) satisfies the equation of continuity. By introducing «apparatus» operators [16], the excited state shape wave is also obtained. Comparisons are made with a recent discussion of Levy, Perdew, and Sahni [3].
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  • 40
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 401-406 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 41
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 67-84 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A class of thromboxane antagonists exists where the prostaglandin side chain containing the C16 hydroxyl moiety is replaced by a phenyl ring, and the bridged six-membered pyranose moiety by cyclohexane, pyranose and dioxane ring systems. Analysis of antagonist potency data in terms of a binding constant model previously used for membrane bound receptor-drug interactions shows that the major patterns of antagonist potency are governed as much by axial/equatorial conformer preference of the phenyl moiety and its orientation as by electrostatic effects of the aliphatic ring oxygen atoms. The conformational restriction of the two substituted side chains of the σ-bonded 6-membered ring is shown to be a primary requirement for binding to thromboxane receptors, and a quantitative separation of electrostatic and conformational components in the potency data is attempted.
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  • 42
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 119-135 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ab initio calculations have been performed to investigate hydrogen bonding and ion-molecule association in complexes of H2O with the neutral, protonated, and Li+ complexes of N-formylformaldehyde and N-formylformamidine. In the complexes with the neutral bases, H2O assumes an in-plane bridging position in the amide and amidine regions. The most stable complex is the bridging N-formylformamidine-H2O complex in the amidine region, which has an MP2/6-31 + G(d,p) binding energy of -9 kcal/mol. Hydrogen bonded complexes of H2O with the oxygen-protonated bases have open structures with the protonated bases as proton donors, and binding energies ranging from -16 to -24 kcal/mol. Nitrogen protonation of N-formylformamidine leads to an equilibrium chelated hydrogen bonded structure with a stabilization energy of -21 kcal/mol. When Li+ associates with these bases at a carbonyl oxygen, hydrogen-bonded bridging structures with H2O reappear, and wobble complexes exist in the amide and amidine regions of N-formylformaldehyde and N-formylformamidine. These complexes have binding energies of -13 to -14 kcal/mol. However, the most stable comples has H2O directly bonded to Li+, with an MP2 binding energy of -30 kcal/mol. No hydrogen bonded structures of H2O with N-formylformamidine exist in the amide region when Li+ associates with this base at the C=N group. Hydrogen bond energies computed at the single-determinant Hartree-Fock level with the 6-31G(d) basis set approximate correlated MP2/6-31 + G(d, p) energies to within 1 kcal/mol for all of the neutral and charged complexes. However, when H2O is bonded to Li+, HF6-31G(d) association energies overestimate MP2/6-31 + G(d, p) energies by 3 kcal/mol.
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  • 43
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 301-304 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The role of the boundary conditions is emphasized in determining the relation between the counting problem, posed by Coulson and solved by the number theorists, and the physical problem from which it arises. The surface energy term, which Coulson sought, does exist, but only when the periodic boundary conditions, which he used, are replaced by the finite box conditions.
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  • 44
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 325-332 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The graph theory of molecular orbitals including second neighbor interactions (η) is considered here. Graphical methods of getting the characteristic polynomial for the π system of a conjugated molecule are given. It is shown that the characteristic polynomial can be factorized if there are symmetries in the molecule.
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  • 45
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 375-383 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Calculations have been made at the minima of the X1A1 ground state of the ozone molecule. The equilibrium geometries have been obtained by means of CID calculations. The criterion adopted for the choice of configurations gives realistic results. CIPSI calculations at the two minima lead to an estimated gap of 0.92 eV between them.Our results agree with the analysis of previous theoretical works on the relative stability of open and cyclic zone structures, showing that the D3h minimum is stable relative to the ground state dissociation limit.
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  • 46
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 407-415 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The ground state energies of finite Hubbard molecules are calculated by numerically solving the Lieb-Wu equations for a complex Hubbard repulsion parameter U. From the positions of the singular points located in the complex plane, the radii of convergence of the perturbation expansions for the ground state energies are determined.
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  • 47
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 445-455 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A simple procedure has been created for indexing the spin-free configurations of an N-electron system in spin state S. This indexing has been linked to a procedure for generating the matrix representations of the generators of the unitary group U(n) to enable a direct configuration study to be undertaken.
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  • 48
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 485-486 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 49
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 509-515 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A perturbation expansion which connects the hydrogenic limit energy density functional to the Thomas-Fermi functional is discussed. This perturbation series, where the Coulomb energy density functional is treated as the perturbation to the hydrogenic limit functional, is, in fact, the q = (N/Z) expansion of Thomas-Fermi theory. A truncated form of the first-order correction to the functional provides further insight into the model which treats the ground state energy as a local functional of the electron density.
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  • 50
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 103-118 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A formalism for a computational treatment of the polarization of a solvent and polar solutes immersed in it is presented. The solvent is modeled as a continuum dielectric. Polarization effects are represented by a polarization charge density at the dielectric boundaries and by induced dipoles at the polarizable atoms. Applications of this formalism with nonpolarizable atoms have led to excellent agreement between the calculated and experimental hydration enthalpies of a variety of polar molecules. A problem of the choice of the charge distribution of the solute is addressed in calculations of the solution dipole moment and hydration enthalpy of polarizable molecule of water in solution. Experimental values of these properties were well reproduced in calculations starting with point charges fitted to the vacuum dipole moment of the water molecule. Tests calculations for spherical models and for a 13-residue peptide show good convergence of the computational method. It is shown in calculations on simplified models that a change in the exposure of a charged side chain can lead to large changes in the potential inside protein measured at a fixed distance from the charge and at the same depth from the protein surface. Calculations performed for the C-peptide of the ribonuclease suggest that the differential screening of partial charges can reverse the sign of the vacuum potential of the helix dipole.
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  • 51
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 167-178 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We present models for the interaction of glucocorticoids: dexamethasone (DEX), dexamethasone-21-mesylate (DEXM) and deacylcortivazol (DAC) with the hexanucleotide sequence d(TGTTCT)2 (CORE sequence) found in the long terminal repeat of MMTV. These models are obtained by computer-aided geometry simulation with energy minimization technique, making use of the empirical potential energy functions. We have considered both intercalative and nonintercalative binding. Differences in the glucocorticoid activity of these steroids are explained on the basis of stereochemical and energetic differences. A model is proposed for interaction of the steroid-receptor complex with the hormone-responsive element (HRE).
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  • 52
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 191-199 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Recently, one of the members of this group (Fritz) has observed some unusual properties of rouleaugenic polymer solutions. It was found that the diffusion coefficient of polystyrene spheres in these solutions displayed an expected fall followed by an unexpected rise in values when the radii of these particles are changed. In this paper we present some of these experiments and provide a thermodynamic interpretation of the rise in the values of the diffusion coefficient.
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  • 53
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 235-245 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Data and analyses are presented on the first synthetic polypeptide system to exhibit mechanochemical coupling; the mechanochemical coupling can also be demonstrated to be both polymer-based and solvent-based with respect to where the result of the change in the chemical potential is focused. Both polymer-based and solvent-based processes are the result of chemomechanical transduction in which the change in chemical potential results in a change in the temperature at which an inverse temperature transition occurs. In the polymer-based process, the contraction/relaxation occurs due to a change in the chemical nature of the polypeptide; in the solvent-based process there is no change in the chemical nature of the polypeptide on contraction or relaxation, but rather the change in chemical potential changes the state of hydration of the polypeptide. The new mechanochemical system provides an experimental system with which to clarify and to quantitate what may be called aqueous mediated apolar-polar interaction energies in polypeptides and proteins with hydrophobic groups that may be variously exposed to the aqueous solution or buried within the folded polypeptide or protein. Furthermore, it is noted that any conformational change exhibited by a polypeptide or protein that is the result of a binding of a chemical moiety, the change in chemical nature of a bound moiety or the change in chemical potential of the medium can be viewed in terms of mechanochemical coupling or chemomechanical transduction.
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  • 54
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 275-285 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A modified cluster approach for modeling local chemisorption phenomena is suggested on the basis of the linear combination of Gaussian-type orbitals (LCGTO) Xα method. Contractions of the fitting bases are employed to take into account the reduced polarizability of a surface cluster and to access larger cluster sizes. Furthermore, embedding of a cluster in the surface is mimicked by Gaussian broadening of the one-electron levels leading to fractional occupation numbers via a self-consistently determined Fermi energy of the cluster. As a first application results are presented for the clusters NinNa (n = 5, 9, 17) modeling the low coverage limit of the chemisorption system Ni(100)/Na. Calculated bond length, binding energy, and induced “surface” dipole moment show fair agreement with experimental values, indicating a substantial covalent character of alkali bonding on transition metal surfaces even in the zero coverage limit.
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  • 55
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 319-328 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The spectra and characteristic polynomials of polyhedral cluster graphs containing 4-120 vertices are obtained. Some of the polyhedral graphs considered such as icosahedron, Archimedene etc., are models for some interesting clusters such as C120. For the Archimedene the spectra and delocalization energies are obtained with and without bond alternations. The characteristic polynomials and spectra of all the polyhedral clusters considered in this investigation are unique.
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  • 56
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 383-405 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The multireference many-body perturbation theory (MBPT) method is presented pedagogically. The distinctions between complete and incomplete model spaces are discussed. All second- and third-order diagrams for the diagonal and off-diagonal elements of the effective Hamiltonian matrix are presented in a compact form for complete and incomplete model spaces, including a new treatment of the renormalization diagrams. Illustrative numerical results are presented for the excitation energies of C2H4 using an incomplete single excitation model space, and for a study of FH potential energy surfaces with several different sizes of reference space.
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  • 57
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 457-463 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Dirac-Fock balanced Gaussian basis calculations that employ an extended nucleus model (see Ref. 11) have been performed on Be and Ne atoms by systematically enlarging the basis set. As expansion size increases, the total energy smoothly converges toward the numerical Dirac-Fock limit from above. The balanced expansion method does not introduce any of the variational instabilities that have plagued the early Dirac-Fock basis expansion calculations.
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  • 58
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 481-490 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The Generator Coordinate Approximation (GCA) is the general approximation scheme for molecular systems devised to improve the Adiabatic Approximation (AA). This is achieved by replacing the familiar product-type molecular wave function by a convolution product-like state. One can demonstrate via Born-Oppenheimer perturbation theory that for vibration-rotation levels near potential energy minima the GCA results are bracketted by the exact and adiabatic values, subject to the use of good quality electronic states as input (e.g., the Hellman-Feynman theorem needs to be satisfied accurately). We investigate the relevance of the GCA for energy levels near avoided crossing regions using a system modeled on the EF 1Σ+g state of hydrogen. The results of numerical experiments on this system are very encouraging (80-90%) of the nonadiabatic effects is recovered. This numerical success awaits theoretical explanation.
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  • 59
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 33 (1988), S. 279-300 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We analyze the theoretical basis of a procedure to determine an unknown normalization factor in discretized wave functions, which we have successfully used in a series of calculations of resonance widths for atomic and molecular systems. By reducing this determination to that of a suitable interpolation function for the energy eigenvalues, the problem is easily solved when atomic basis sets are chosen according to simple rules. Illustrations of our procedure are presented for atomic, molecular, and model systems; renormalized wave functions are compared with the exact ones for these model systems. The resulting method of renormalized continuum wave functions has a wide range of application in the study of long-lived quasibound states (predissociation, autoionization, photoionization, unimolecular reactions, etc.).
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 60
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 33 (1988), S. 349-367 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Transmission of vibrational excitation energy conserved in cis-conformation of retinal to the outlet proton channel is considered from the perspective of quantum theory. A distribution of vibrational excitations in the channel is found; it allowed to calculate the magnitude of the directed drift proton current. The differences between velocities of proton movement in active and passive channels are considered. A transition of retinal from cis- to all -trans- conformation with the subsequent capture of proton by Schiff base out of the inlet channel is described. The lack of proton in this channel, i.e., in the H-bonded chain, is eliminated at the expense of the capture of a proton out of the cytoplasmic water enviroment. The correspondence between theoretically established states and spectroscopically identified forms of bacteriorhodopsin (inter-mediates L, M, N, and O) is proposed.
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  • 61
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 33 (1988), S. 395-401 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A comparison of different many-body perturbation theory (MBPT) calculations of the ground state rotational and vibrational constants of SiS is made. The calculations are performed up to the complete fourth-order MBPT level, and in all cases two basis sets are utilized. The results of the third-order and some incomplete fourth-order calculations are in good agreement, but the complete fourth-order is among the worst as compared with the experimental data. Analysis of the different contributions to the calculated correlation eneriges points towards the necessity of including even higher-order terms of the(MBPT) expansion.
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  • 62
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 33 (1988), S. 403-443 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The partitioning of the vibrational-electronic Hamiltonian is presented. This partitioning is based on a new quasiparticle transformation that is constructed in such a way that the adiabatic approximation is included into the unperturbed Hamiltonian; nonadiabacity, anharmonicity, and electron correlation are treated as perturbations. We also present the second quantization treatment for bosons. The many body perturbation theory expansion for the vibrational-electronic Hamiltonian is suggested. A comparison of this approach is made with gradient techniques.
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  • 63
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 33 (1988), S. 479-479 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 64
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 73-84 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The two-dimensional (2D) band structure of (polyphthalocyaninato)Ni(II), Ni(ppc), has been analyzed by a self-consistent field (SCF) Hartree-Fock (HF) crystal orbital (CO) formalism based on an INDO (intermediate neglect of differential overlap) type Hamiltonian. The calculated HF band gap of Ni(ppc) amounts to 0.24 eV. The highest filled band is a ringlike a1u combination (D4h symmetry label) localized at the carbon sites of the organic fragment. Remarkable hybridization in the valence band leads to the considerable band width Δ∊v of 2.92 eV. This value is close to the Δ∊v numbers which are conventionally encountered in one-dimensional metallomacrocycles. The effective width of the states in Ni(ppc) is 13.8 eV. In graphite a net π interval of 13.0 eV is predicted by the present CO formalism; i.e., the energetic distribution of the π electrons is roughly comparable in both 2D solids. The Ni 3d states in Ni(ppc) are far below the Fermi level which is calculated at -4.9 eV; they are predicted between -12.2 and -16.4 eV in the mean-field approximation. Quasi-particle corrections lead to a significant shift of these strongly metal-centered states. Important electronic structure properties of Ni(ppc) are compared with those of 1D metallomacrocycles with similar molecular stoichiometry. The total density of states distribution of Ni(ppc) has been fragmented into projected (ligand π and σ, Ni 3d) contributions in order to allow for a transparent interpretation of the 2D band structure.
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  • 65
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A set of 20 nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, whose mutagenicity has been determined in the Ames test, has been studied using octanol-water partition coefficients (P) as a measure of relative hydrophobicity and molecular orbital energies to account for variation in their electronic characteristics. A good structure-activity relationship was found using log P and ∊LUMO. The latter were taken from the results of ab initio calculations performed by Maynard, Pedersen, Posner, and McKinney [7] and were also calculated by the MNDO method. The dependence of mutagenicity on hydrophobicity was found to be similar to that observed for triazenes [2]. ∊LUMO values calculated by MNDO and STO-3G were found to be strongly correlated, and the role of hydrophobicity in correlating mutagenicity was not significantly affected by the molecular orbital model employed.
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  • 66
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 103-106 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Finiteness is usually imposed as a condition for physical admissibility of a wave function. Examination of this condition in both position- and momentum-space shows that finiteness of the wave function at the origin in one space implies “linear” integrability in the reciprocal space, except in some pathological cases. Some implications of this result are discussed.
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  • 67
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 217-224 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The theory of the Baker-Gammel approximants is applied to the spectral density function associated with the adjacency matrix. As a result, various upper and lower bounds to topological invariants are obtained in a systematic manner. In particular, the (N, M)-type lower bound to the total π-electron energy of benzenoid hydrocarbons is derived for the first time.
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  • 68
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 179-190 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The hydration-free energy, energy, and entropy of monovalent ions are calculated using the extended RISM integral equation theory and computer simulations. Plots of these thermodynamic quantities against 1/R, where R is the Lennard-Jones radius, lie on two distinct curves corresponding to cations and anions. This result is attributed to differences in the microscopic structure of solvent surrounding the ions. Charge distribution functions are used to analyze solvent structure. It is found that the modified Born formula proposed by the Latimer et al. gives good agreement with the RISM results for the energy and the free energy, but not for the entropy. A microscopic interpretation of Latimer formula is attempted in light of the statistical mechanical theory.
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  • 69
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Since the introduction of dynamical simulated annealing (DSA) by Car and Parrinello in 1985, there has been growing interest in the use of nonlinear optimization to perform electronic structure calculations. We review here the complementary method of steepest descents (SD), a first-order treatment designed for local optimization. Modifications are discussed to adapt SD to a supercell treatment of metallic systems using a plane wave basis. An application to the Zintl phase compound NaTl is presented. The application of separable nonlocal pseudopotentials to improve this momentum space formalism is discussed.
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  • 70
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 245-255 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Structural and energetic results are reported from a series of ab initio calculations on ground state CuCl2-4 in D2d and D4h conformations. All-electron Hartree-Fock calculations including geometry optimization have been carried out with large basis sets reaching triple-zeta valence plus f-function quality. Several ab initio effective core potentials and valence basis sets for Cu and Cl have been tested and evaluated based on comparisons of calculated results obtained at the Hartree-Fock or correlated (Moller-Plesset perturbation theory) levels with the all-electron and experimental data. The optimized structural parameters provided by all-electron or effective core potential methods are very similar, but they differ from averaged experimental data. Thus, the calculated CuCl bond lengths are typically 0.15-0.20 Å too large, and the ClCuCl bond angle (D2d) is 10-15° too small. The square planar (D4h) conformation represents a transition state and not a structural minimum for CuCl2-4. The energy difference between the two conformations (D4h - D2d) is consistently 16-18 kcal/mol at the Hartree-Fock level but approaches 10-12 kcal/mol at the highest levels of theory applied (UMP4(SDTQ)).
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  • 71
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 287-296 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The ground state energetics and equilibrium geometries of neutral and positively and negatively charged clusters of Li3, Li2H, Li2Na, Li2Mg, and Na2Li have been obtained from a self-consistent field-linear combination of atomic orbitals-molecular orbital calculations within the Hartree-Fock approximation. The correlation energies are included perturbatively using the Möller-Plesset scheme up to the fourth order. The geometries of all negatively charged clusters are found to be linear with bond lengths that are, in general, larger than their neutral or cationic counterparts. The adiabatic electron affinities and ionization potentials are calculated and compared with earlier theoretical results. The addition of an electron to the neutral cluster is found to stabilize the cluster further against dissociation. The spatial distribution of the electrons in these clusters is studied to determine the extent to which electrons added or taken out are localized in the clusters. Mulliken population analysis is also used to elaborate the charge state of the anionic and cationic clusters.
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  • 72
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 337-342 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A simple proof is given for the thermodynamic inequality F - F0 - 〈H - H0〉0 〈 0 in the case when the two Hamiltonians H and H0 do not commute.
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  • 73
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 377-382 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Electron correlation energies are calculated for a series of small molecules by fourth-order Møller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP4) and by quadratic configuration interaction methods. A method is suggested for partitioning the correlation contributions beyond fourth order that result from single, double, and triple substitutions. Detailed comparison of the results reveals that termination of the MP perturbation series at fourth order is inadequate for some electron-deficient species (inadequate treatment of double substitutions), for triply-bonded molecules (overestimation of the triples effect), and for some unsaturated radicals (poor treatment of single substitutions).
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  • 74
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 549-556 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Some general properties of complex coefficient closed-shell molecular orbital calculations (CRHF) are examined. These types of calculations can be useful for describing systems where the restriction of real coefficients requires multideterminant wave functions. Examples of systems where CRHF calculations are useful are presented. These examples include singlet O2, singlet Cr2, and CH2+4.
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  • 75
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 575-591 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Visualization techniques have proven extremely valuable for understanding the dictates controlling asymmetric organic reactions. A series of chemical reactivity models has been developed, which provide a convenient connection between the structural and reactivity aspects important in chemical systems. Structural information is conveyed through the use of shading, while reactivity information, evaluated at points located upon the structural model, is displayed coincident with structure using the color dimension hue. The utility of the resulting four-information-dimensional image can be appreciated by the speed at which all the information presented is assimilated and interpreted by the viewer. While having been demonstrated to be useful in understanding the dictates of asymmetric organic reactivity, the visualization techniques discussed here should be applicable to the description of problems in molecular interactions and structure-activity relationships in general.
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  • 76
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The kinetics of gas-phase electron transfer reactions for a variety of metal-containing reactants have been studied by using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Classes of ion/molecule processes studied include both self-exchange (thermoneutral) and exoergic cross reactions. The molecules investigated include metallocenes and octahedral coordination complexes of the transition elements. In a few cases, direct comparisons of condensed-phase and gas-phase reactivities can be made. The experiments with octahedral coordination complexes are the first studies of Werner-type metal complexes in electron-transfer reactions in the gas phase. Simple theoretical models involving unimolecular rate theory, classical reorganization barriers, and quantum mechanical approaches are used to rationalize the dependence of the overall rates of these reactions on the molecular properties of the reactants. In particular, the role of Franck-Condon factors in charge-transfer reactions is examined, and theoretically estimated factors are compared with experiment for a typical metallocene, ferrocene.
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  • 77
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 679-696 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: By calculations on CuCl2-4, CuBr2-4, and NiO10-6 clusters it is shown that a first-order configuration interaction (CI) calculation significantly improves the d-d and charge transfer (CT) spectra of ionic transition metal compounds. The first-order CI introduces delocalization (covalency) effects in the dn states, thus increasing the effective ligand-field splitting which is always underestimated at the Hartree-Fock (HF) level. It is demonstrated that this HF + first-order CI treatment is strongly related to a valence bond model. In this model the delocalization is introduced by explicit interactions with relaxed CT states. After account has been taken of the physically very different atomic correlation effects, a very good agreement with experimental d-d spectra is obtained, using only a small cluster. The effect of first-order CI on CT states is to account for hole localization and polarization effects which lead to reductions in the CT excitation energies in the order of 2-3 eV.
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  • 78
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 737-738 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 79
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 33 (1988), S. 41-52 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reaction field (RF) model of solvent effects, implemented within the SCF-CNDO/2 scheme of calculation, has been applied to analyze the proton transfer in the NH3…HCOOH system in the presence of several polarizable media. The aim of such a study was to characterize the tatutomeric equilibrium between the neutral and zwiterionic forms of H-bonded amino acids in aprotic solvents. Qualitative results concerning the energetics of this equilbrium show the stabilization of two different H-bonded complexes, corresponding to two separate minima in the free energy surface. These well known double minima potentials are found to be dependent on both the intermolecular N—O distance and the strength of the reaction field. The behavior of this model is qualitatively consistent with experimental observations of nitrogen-substituted amino acids in solution: both show, for low values of the dielectric constant, tautomeric equilibria where the H-bonded complexes appear to be more stable than the corresponding monomeric forms. The charge transfer process associated with the proton migration along the H-bond is also discussed. It is found that the amount of charge transferred increases with the N—O distance and with the RF strength, In order to test the general approach and compare it with previous work, calculations on the real monomeric systems glycine, β-alanine, and γ-amino butyric acid was also performed.
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  • 80
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 33 (1988), S. 77-85 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Analytical intermolecular potentials for the Fe+-H2O and Feo-H2O systems have been determined from ab initio calculations. Interaction energies for a lot of points along the two potential energy surfaces were calculated using Huzinga's MINI-2 basis set. The results obtained were fitted to an analytical function containing 11 adjustable parameters that we have already used with success for the Fe2+-H2O system. The goodness of the generated intermolecular potentials is discussed.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 33 (1988), S. 159-167 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The quasirelativistic CNDO/1 method has been in investigating the geometry, electronic structure, and redox stability of metal complexes. The systems of [Co(NH3)6]q and [MCl4]q, M being Ni, Pd, and Pt, have been studied. A modified Germer model of solvation has been implemented into the method. This yields reliable results on the redox stability of complexes in aqueous solutions. The calculated excitation energies resemble the electronic spectra of [MCl4]2- complexes.
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  • 82
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 33 (1988) 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 83
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 33 (1988), S. 127-158 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 4-31G wave functions have been computed for five purines and pyrimidines. The calculated deformation densities have been partitioned into atomic fragments, which were integrated to yield atomic multipole moments. The transferability of atomic fragments between related molecules was verified by constructing model maps for uracil and guanine from appropriate fragments of cytosine and adenine. Model electrostatic potentials calculated from the moments of model atoms are similar to the corresponding 4-31G potentials. Comparison of 4-31G and 4-31G** deformation densities of cytosine provides simple rules for estimating the effects of polarization functions on the atomic multipole moments of most atom types occurring in the purines and pyrimidines. These rules were applied to the other molecules and yielded reasonable approximations for their molecular dipole moments. Substituting CH3 for H has little effect on the deformation density beyond the substitution center.
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  • 84
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 33 (1988), S. 543-553 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An adiabatic formalism in the degenerate or quasidegenerate subspaces, which does not depend on the particular form of the switching function g(α, t), is outlined. A general factorization theorem for the dynamic operator Sα(t, t0 | g) is proved. This theorem enables one to formulate the perturbation expansion for the effective Hamiltonian and the wave operator which is free from the adiabatic divergencies.
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  • 85
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 33 (1988), S. 579-579 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 86
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 33 (1988), S. 445-465 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A formalism is developed for the construction of relativistic symmetry-adapted molecular basis functions under consideration of time reversal invariance. The theory is applicable to the finite double point groups Cn, Cnh, Sn, Cnv, Dn, Dnd, Dnh, T, Th, Td, O, and Oh. It is based on the LCAO method. A projection operator technique is employed to construct molecular symmetry orbitals from atomic orbitals. The search for linearly independent basis function is simplified by means of group theoretical considerations.
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  • 87
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 33 (1988), S. 467-475 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: For the Hartree-Fock ground state of atomic two-electron systems, the variational function of Wilson and Silverstone, φ(r) = (a + kr)-1 exp(-kr) / (4π)1/2, can be optimized in two complementary ways. For small values of the atomic number Z, all intergrals have been calculated numerically and optimization can be performed accurately. However, as Z increases, loss of significant figures is increasingly detrimental to the optimization process. For sufficiently large values of Z, the integrals may be replaced by asymptotic expansions in terms of (2a)-. As a result of optimization, the parameters and expectation values can be given as expansions in terms of (32Z)-1/2. Both methods yield good results for Z ≈ 25, so that the whole range of Z can be treated accurately. The results have been compared with those derived from other analytical two-parameter functions. It is found that φ(r) is indeed the outstanding two-parameter function, at least for small and intermediate values of Z.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 88
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    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 33 (1988), S. 529-542 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Extended Hückel molecular orbital calculations have been made for the silver adatom-pyridine complex in order to reveal the very chemical nature of the surface-enhanced Raman scattering. The variation of the behaviors of the bond orders and charge densities as functions of the Ag—N distance and the net charge on the Ag atom, which is applied voltage dependent, is demonstrated. The calculated optical transition of the system can accommodate the experimental observation that as the wavelength of the exciting line shifts from 4880 to 6328 Å, the surface-enhanced Raman signal is enhanced more. Most interesting is the fact that the calculations reproduce well the experimental observation that there is an applied voltage on the electrode at which the surface-enhanced Raman signal is a maximum. The calculations show that the charge transfer enhanced mechanism is mostly due to the transfer of electrons from the silver atom to the pyridine molecule. Several useful overlap integrals involving d orbitals not available in the literature before are listed in the appendices for convenient reference.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 89
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 33 (1988), S. 577-577 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 90
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 33 (1988), S. 583-584 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 91
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 15-23 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In this paper, an SPG function, which is associated with an extreme point of the set of N-representable second-order reduced density matrices, is used to perform the calculation of the ground state energy of LiH with the variation of internuclear separation. The result of our calculation essentially is in accordance with that of AGP function.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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  • 92
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 33 (1988), S. 497-527 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A Fifth-order constant denominator perturbation treatment of all single and double excitations occuring in the third-order perturbation wave function is presented for the perturbation configuration interaction using localized orbitals (PCILO) method. Contributions from triple and quadruple excitations which decay back to singles and doubles at third order are automatically included in this theory. This method is computationally very fast, with an execution speed proportional to N3, Where N is the number of orbitals present. A [2,1] Padé approximate involving only singles and doubles contributions through to fifth order is shown to be remarkably accurate.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 93
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 33 (1988), S. 563-566 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Owing to an error in his determination of the repulsion integral and the kinetic energy. Hall's results [1] for the ground state of atomic two-electron systems are wrong. Here these results have been corrected. For Z ≤ 5, the results have been obtained by determining the pertinent integrals numerically: but for Z ≥ 5, these can be found sufficiently accurately from Z expansions.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 94
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 307-307 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 95
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988) 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 96
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 9-14 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: By means of the SPG function which is associated with an extreme point of the set of N-representable second-order reduced density matrices, an attempt is made to perform the calculations of the ground states of some atoms with four electrons such as Be. The results show that the SPG function is as suitable as the well-known AGP function for approximating the ground states of atoms and molecules.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 191-192 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 199-206 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We have analyzed the ability of a tertiary amide group to activate an ortho position on aromatic system toward an electrophilic attack using an ab initio SCF molecular orbital method. The molecular electrostatic potential was used to analyze the electronic nature of the ortho-lithiated intermediate complex and possible sites for electrophilic attack.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 457-470 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An approach which considers both nuclear and electronic motions for molecular systems is derived using algebraic techniques within the vector model. The dynamical symmetries of the Hamiltonian thus derived are examined and shown to account for the analytic diagonalizability of the LEPS level potential function for molecular systems. The initial application is to the H3 collision system, demonstrating the ability of the model to treat systems without bound states. Extensions to more complicated systems are also considered, and these efforts allow for the determination of the algebraic source of the coupling in the “diatomics in molecules” (DIM) potential surface. In general, these terms in the DIM approach preclude analytical diagonalization of the Hamiltonian, which may also be understood in terms of the dynamic symmetry of the corresponding algebraic description.
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  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988) 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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