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  • 1995-1999  (604)
  • 1985-1989  (596)
  • 1820-1829
  • Life Sciences  (1,200)
  • 101
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DNA sequencing strategies: Automated and advanced approaches. New York, Chichester, Brisbane, Toronto, Singapore, Weinheim: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and Heidelberg, Berlin, Oxford: Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, 1997, 216 pages, 76 figures, 4 tables; £ 32.50 (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 51-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: No Abstracts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180108
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  • 102
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bacteria in biology, biotechnology and medicine. (Third edition). Chichester, New York, Brisbane, Toronto, Singapore: John Wiley & Sons Inc. IX + 319 pages, 90 figures, 13 tables, 10 plates. ISBN 0-471-95811-5 (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 52-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: No Abstracts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180109
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  • 103
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biokatalysatoren und Enzymtechnologie. Weinheim, New York, Basel, Cambridge, Tokyo: VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, 1997, 344 pages, 150 figures, 62 tables; DM 78.00. ISBN 3-527-28238-6 (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 76-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: No Abstracts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180112
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  • 104
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Purification and immobilization of dextranase (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 63-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An enzymic characteristic of Novo dextranase was presented. In addition to a high dextranolytic activity (7,200 U/ml), the crude enzyme also contained small amounts of protease, glucoamylase, polygalacturonase, carboxymethylcellulase, laminarinase and chitinase. A highly purified dextranase was then simply separated from a commercial preparation by column chromatographies on DEAE-Sepharose, CM-Sepharose, and by chromatofocussing on Polybuffer Exchanger PBE-94. The enzyme was recovered with an over 200-fold increase in specific activity and a yield of 84%. The final preparation was homogeneous, as observed during high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Size-exclusion HPLC indicated that dextranase had a molecular mass of 35 kDa and its isoelectric point, established by chromatofocussing, was 4.85. Analysis of the dextran break-down products indicated that purified dextranase represents an endolytic mode of action, and isomaltose and isomaltotriose were identified as the main reducing sugars of dextran hydrolysis. The enzyme was then covalently coupled to the silanized porous glass beads modified by glutaraldehyde (Carrier I) or carbodiimide (Carrier II). It was shown that immobilization of dextranase gave optimum pH and temperature ranges from 5.4 to 5.7 and from 50°C to 60°C, respectively. The affinity of the enzyme to the substrate decreased by a factor of more than 13 for dextranase immobilized on Carrier I and increased slightly (about 1.4-times) for the enzyme bound to Carrier II.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180111
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  • 105
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biodegradability of lignosulphonate by Streptomyces viridosporus strain T7A and a mixed natural microbial population antagonistic effects (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 85-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The ability of a mixed natural microbial population, collected in an aerated lagoon treating Fluff pulp effluent and Streptomyces viridosporus strain T7A, to degrade lignosulphonate was evaluated. S. viridosporus growing in a mineral medium containing glycerol (7 g/l) and lignosulphonate (1 g/l) allowed 20% of lignosulphonate to be degraded after 18 days of incubation. A culture of the mixed population on culture medium after S. viridosporus growth was unable to degrade lignosulphonate products. Moreover, antagonism between S. viridosporus and the mixed population or between S. viridosporus and the isolated strains from this population was observed. The enhancement of lignosulphonate biodegradation by naturally occurring microorganisms in association with S. viridosporus (bioaugmentation strategy) seems to be difficult.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180115
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  • 106
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180201
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  • 107
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Handbuch des Umweltschutzes und der Umweltschutztechnik. Vol. 1: Emissionen und ihre Wirkungen. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, Barcelona, Budapest, Hong Kong, London, Milan, Paris, Santa Clara, Singapore, Tokyo: Springer-Verlag GmbH XXX + 842 pages, 169 figures, 121 tables; DM 118.00 ISBN 3-540-58584-2 (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 106-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: No Abstracts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180203
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  • 108
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of oxygen on the degradation of diesel fuel in soil bioreactors (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 109-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In fixed-bed bioreactors, the influence of the oxygen content in the inlet air on the biodegradation of diesel fuel in unsaturated soil/compost mixtures was analyzed at 30°C over a period of 7 weeks. Firstly, a wide range from 0 to 80 vol.% O2 was investigated. Subsequently, the range below 5 vol.% O2 was examined more closely. Over the whole test period of seven weeks, no significant influence of oxygen could be observed above 1 vol. % O2 in the inlet air - either on the decrease of the total contaminants or on the total mineralization. Anaerobic conditions should be avoided for the degradation of diesel fuel. During the test period, the courses of CO2 production varied significantly depending on oxygen supply. Furthermore, a model was developed to estimate the total mineralization as a function of oxygen supply. More investigations are recommended in order to test this model for practical application.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180205
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  • 109
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular biotechnology: Therapaeutic applications and strategies. Chichester, New York, Brisbane, Toronto, Singapore, Weinheim: Wiley-Liss (A John Wiley & Sons Inc. Publications), 223 pages, 37 figures, 5 tables; £ 34.95. ISBN 0-471-11681-5 (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 147-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: No Abstracts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180209
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  • 110
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immobilization of glucoamylase on polyamide nets (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 135-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The formation of reactive groups on polyamide nets (nylon 6) and the subsequent immobilization of glucoamylase were investigated. Different mesh sizes of the nets and two chemical methods of enzyme coupling - i( partial hydrolysis of the polyamide with subsequent glutaraldehyde binding and ii) O-alkylation of the carrier using a treatment with a benzene-methyl sulphate mixture - were used. The reactivity of immobilized glucoamylase (GA) was tested by hydrolysis reactions using 1% starch solutions. The highest reactivity (140 μg glc/)min × cm2 was obtained for methylated nylon samples attached to a glass rod and by coupling glucoamylase on the nylon surface which had been treated with lysine and glutaraldehyde. This method resulted in a more reactive and more stable preparation of immobilized glucoamylase as compared to a simpler method of coupling glutaraldehyde to partially hydrolyzed nylon.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180208
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  • 111
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Book announcement (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 148-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: No Abstracts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180210
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  • 112
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biochemische Labormethoden (2nd revised edition). Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, London, Paris, Tokyo, Hong Kong, Barcelona, Budapest: Springer-Verlag GmbH, XIV + 249 pages, 15 figures, 72 tables; DM 48.00. ISBN 3-540-58584-2 (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 156-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: No Abstracts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180212
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  • 113
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180401
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  • 114
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Yeast physiology and biotechnology. Chichester, New York, Weinheim, Brisbane, Singapore, Toronto: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 350 pages; £ 29.95. ISBN 0-471-96447-6 (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 314-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: No Abstracts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180404
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  • 115
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microbial cleaning of waste gas containing volatile organic compounds in a bioreactor system with a closed gas circuit (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 291-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The cleaning of the exhaust gases of a bioreactor containing volatile hydrocarbons in a bioreactor system with a closed gas circuit is described. The bioreactor system consisted of three different reactor types: a stirred tank which was filled with hydrocarbon-containing waste water to simulate the exhaust gases of a remediation process; a trickle-bed reactor for aerobic treatment of the exhaust gas from the stirred tank; and a photoreactor containing an algae culture which assimilated CO2 from the trickle-bed reactor and also produced O2. With this bioreactor system, it was possible to efficiently remove volatile organic compounds (VOC) from the waste gases. Depending on the type of waste water investigated, elimination rates of 41% to 93% of BTEX (benzene, ethylbenzene, toluene, xylene) and 29% to 53% of VCH (volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons) were obtained. Due to the photosynthesis of the algae in the system's photoreactor, oxygen concentrations between 12% and 18% [v/v], equivalent to about 57% to 83% DOT, were obtained. This concentration permitted the aerobic degradation to be carried out without having to add fresh air. The trickle-bed reactor and the photoreactor worked continuously, whereas the waste water in the stirred bioreactor was replaced in different batches. The accumulation of toxic compounds in the nutrient solutions of the trickle-bed (EC-50 〉 30 g/l) and of the photoreactor (EC-50 〉 35 g/l) was low. Carbon dioxide concentrations in the gas flow were higher than in fresh air (1% to 3% [vol/vol]), but no long-term accumulation of CO2 occurred. This means that the algae in the photoreactor were active enough to assimilate the CO2 which had been produced. They were also able to produce sufficient oxygen for aerobic hydrocarbon degradation. The system described is a first step towards treating waste gases which results from the bioremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated media in a closed gas circuit without any emission (e.g. VOC, CO2, germs).
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180402
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  • 116
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Forschungsethik. Gentechnik und neue Biotechnologie. Stuttgart: Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaftj mbH, 411 pages; DM 96.00. ISBN 3-8047-1452-8 (WVG) (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 325-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: No Abstracts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180406
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  • 117
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Yeasts in natural and artificial habitats. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, Barcelone, Budapest, Hong Kong, London, Milan, Paris, Santa Clara, Singapore, Tokyo: Springer Verlag. IX + 381 pages, 59 figures, 28 tables; DM 198.00. ISBN 3-540-56820-4 (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 352-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: No Abstracts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180409
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  • 118
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fusion of yeast protoplasts and isolated nuclei of Fusarium moniliforme (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 353-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Protoplasts of a xylose-fermenting yeast strain (a fusion product of Pachysolen tannophilus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae) were fused with isolated nuclei of the xylan degrading filamentous fungus Fusarium moniliforme. Polyethyleneglycol 4000 was used as the fusogenic agent. Fourteen stable hybrids showing xylanase activity were obtained. It can be assumed that this ability was acquired from the nuclear genome of the fungus, since the parental yeast strain did not show any xylanase activity. The enzymatic activity was determined quantitatively. The parental strain of the fungus reached its maximum xylanase activity of 796 nkat/ml at 96 h of growth. Four of the hybrids had a xylanase activity of between 211 and 297 nkat/l at 24 h of growth. Zymograms of these hybrids showed the presence of xylanases when grown on xylan as the sole carbon source. Using pulse field electrophoresis gels, no difference between the chromosome pattern of the fusion products and the parental yeast strain was observed.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180410
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  • 119
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamics of cell and tissue motion. Basel, Boston, Berlin: Birkhäuser, 1997, 352 pages; DM 118.00. ISBN 3-7643-5781-9 (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 367-367 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: No Abstracts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180413
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  • 120
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selection of hydroxyproline-resistant cell lines from Solanum Tuberosum L. Callus. II. Plant regeneration and frost tolerance of regenerated plants (1998)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 18 (1998), S. 361-366 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The calluses of two hydroxyproline-resistant lines (D20-1 and D30-1) of Solanum tuberosum L. were transferred to a solidified MS medium containing 1.0 mg/I IAA, 2.0 mg/l zeatin, 40.0 mg/l adenine sulphate, 1 g/l casein hydrolysate, 20 g/l sucrose and 10 g/l agar for plant regeneration. The shoot regeneration was only achieved from the callus of line D20-1. Regenerated shoots exhibited morphological variability. The degrees of frost tolerance were higher in the leaves of the regenerated plants compared with the leaves of the non-selected control plants, but lower than that of the callus from which they were regenerated.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370180412
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  • 121
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170101
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  • 122
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flow cytometric discrimination between Acinetobacter calcoaceticus 69-V and Alcaligenes eutrophus JMP134 by fluorescently labelled rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes and DNA staining (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 19-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In situ hybridization with fluorescently monolabelled rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes (17 to 18 nucleotides) was used to discriminate between Alcaligenes eutrophus JMP 134 and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus 69-V by flow cytometry. The strains were grown in batch experiments in a mixed population. The forward light scatter and fluorescence of each bacterial cell were measured with a single laser cytometer. The intensity of fluorescence after rRNA staining depended on the content of ribosomes, which correlated with the growth rate of bacteria. Therefore exponentially growing cells could be clearly detected. For other growth phases, signal amplification was necessary using multiple probes. The two bacterial strains were identified with differently labelled probes under an epifluorescent microscope. Using a single laser cytometer, rRNA based identification was possible nut not ideal. Better discrimination between the two strains of the mixed population was achieved by DNA staining, combined with the different forward light scatter signals. Due to the significantly different cellular DNA and GC content of both strains, the fluorescent dye DAPI (4′, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole), preferring AT-rich regions of DNA, was found to be a supplementary tool for population analysis. The abundance ratios of the two strains in mixed culture determined by DNA or rRNA staining were similar.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170103
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  • 123
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analyzing nitrogen and sulphide elimination from leachate by coulometric continuous flow titration (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 39-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The process of leachate denitrification by populations of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria was investigated. Leachate, derived from a local municipal landfill site, was nitrified in a continuously operating packed-bed biofilm reactor and thereafter denitrified in an activated sludge bioreactor. To follow the progress of nitrogen elimination, ammonium, nitrite and nitrate concentrations were determined at all stages of the process. While the nitrite and nitrate concentrations were measured by conventional colorimetric methods, computer controlled coulometric titration with in situ generated hypobromite was used for ammonium determination, which had previously been selectively separated from the sample matrix by gas dialysis. The detection range of the method was from 1 × 10-6 to 1 × 10-3 M ammonium (relative standard deviation (RSD) = 2%, n = 6). No interference of the complex sample matrix was found in ammonium determination. The average ammonium concentration in the leachate was 409 mg/l (standard deviation (SD) = 142 mg/l, n = 55). The ammonium concentrations decreased to 1-5 mg/l during nitrification under continuous operating conditions. Increased ammonium concentrations after nitrification correlated with a decrease in the efficiency of nitrogen elimination by up to 45% due to the build-up of high concentrations of nitrite. The concentration of sulphides, another source of pollution of the leachate, was also determined by triangle programmed coulometric titration. The average concentration of sulphides in the leachate was 221 mg/l (SD = 374 mg/l; n = 55). The sulphide concentrations decreased to concentrations below the detection limit of the coulometric titration (2 × 10-6M) during nitrification.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170104
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  • 124
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Remediation of hazardous waste contaminated soils. New York, Basel, Hong Kong: Marcel Dekker, Inc., XVI + 929 Pages, 323 figures, 187 tables; $ 195 ISBN 0-8247-9160-6 (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 72-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170108
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  • 125
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An advanced method based on artificial intelligence for controlling biotechnological processes (part II) (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 73-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A new finite-state method is proposed which has been designed for use in biotechnological processes, in particular for the control of the pH in acidic waste water.The automation of expedient behaviour takes into account the non-linear character of the process and a good control stability in spite of variations in the influent acidic concentration, dissociation constant of the acid and change of the pH set point.To design the controller with the proposed method, no model of the process is required. Simulation studies show that expedient behaviour of an automaton in a random medium for the control of the pH neutralization process can give a good performance.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170109
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  • 126
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    Gentechnik. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, Jena, 1996, 512 pages, 206 figures, 43 tables; DM 45.80 ISBN 3-8252-1290-4 (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 90-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170112
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  • 127
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    Research and development of vaccines and pharmaceuticals from biotechnology, (a guide to effective project management, patenting and product registration). Weinheim, New York, Basel, Cambridge, Tokyo: VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, 173 pages, 3 figures, 39 tables; DM 98,- ISBN 3-527-30059-7 (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 103-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170114
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  • 128
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    Formation of aminium lactates in lactic acid fermentation preparation and characterization of 1,4-piperazinium-(L,L)-dilactate obtained from L(+)-lactic acid (part I) (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 3-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The potential for the production of 1,4-piperazinium-(L, L)-dilactate from L(+)-lactic acid preparations obtained by fermentation was studied. Piperazinium dilactate was found to be a very suitable source material for poly(lactic acid) production. In a novel polymerization process, the intermediate dilactide was directly formed in the salt melt at a moderate temperature. High-performance cultivation of Lactobacillus paracasei on a glucose-MRS medium was carried out using high-viability inocula. After the cell mass had been removed from the fermentation broth by centrifugation and/or ultrafiltration, the lactic acid solution was concentrated to 45% [w/w] by a two-stage electrodialysis process. Two methods of preparing 1,4-piperazinium dilactate were developed: the first from the medium-concentrated lactic acid (45%) and the second from a highly-concentrated lactic acid (85%) obtained by evaporation from the first one. Because there were no physical data on 1,4-piperazinium-(L, L)-dilactate in specialized literature, the pure product was characterized according to its solubility characteristics, melting point and spectroscopic analysis.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170102
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  • 129
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    Selection of yeast strain and fermentation conditions for high-yield ethanol production from lactose and concentrated whey (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 51-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A total of 65 yeast strains were screened for their ability to grow and ferment lactose in a standard DURHAM tube test at 30 °C. Based on the kinetic parameters for lactose and whey lactose fermentations in shake flask cultures, the strain Candida psedotropicalis 65 was chosen for further studies.Some of the cultural parameters affecting ethanolic fermentations on lactose were standardized. At an initial lactose concentration of 100-120 g/l in the medium containing concentrated whey or lactose, at 40 °C and within 48 h, the selected strain reached an ethanol concentration of 41-59 g/l, an ethanol productivity of 1.3-3.0 g/l/h, a lactose consumption of 99%, an ethanol yield 0.4-0.49 g/g and a biomass yield of 0.027 g/g.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170105
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  • 130
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    Protein engineering. Principles and practice. New York, Chichester, Brisbane, Toronto, Singapore:, Wiley-Liss, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 104 figures, 33 tables, 518 pages; £ 55, ISBN 0-471-10354-3 (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 62-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170106
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  • 131
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    Ethanol fermentation of HTST extruded rye grain by bacteria and yeasts (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 63-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: High temperature extrusion cooking of rye was used as a pretreatment for ethanol fermentation, and yeasts and bacteria were compared for their fermentation rates. Extrusion cooking caused, on average, a 7.5% increase in ethanol yield in comparison to autoclaved samples. The best results were achieved for grain with a moisture of 21-23% which was extruded at temperatures of 160-180 °C.Extrusion decreased the relative viscosity of rye grain water extracts, so it was possible to mash it without α-amylase. The efficiency of fermentation of extruded rye without Termamyl was equal to that of autoclaved and traditionally mashed rye (using α-amylase).The rate of fermentation of extruded rye grain by Zymomonas was higher during the first stage, but the final ethanol yield was similar for the bacterium and the yeast.Though both microorganisms gave good quality distillates, the concentration of compounds other than ethanol achieved from extruded rye mashes, which were fermented by Z. mobilis, was five times lower than for yeasts.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170107
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  • 132
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    Biotechnology. A multi-volume comprehensive treatise completely revised 2nd edition. Volume 9. Enzymes, biomass, food and feed. Weinheim, New York, Basel, Cambridge, Tokyo: VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, ISBN 0-527-28319-6 (Weinheim). Single volume price: DM 520.00, Series Price: DM 390.00 per volume. Series ISBN 3-527-28310-2 (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 81-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170110
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  • 133
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    PCR Essential techniques. Chichester, New York, Brisbane, Toronto, Singapore: John Wiley & Sons, 153 pages; £ 16.99, ISBN 0-471-95697-X (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 194-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170211
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  • 134
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    α-Galactosidase in immobilized cells of Papaver somniferum L. (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 195-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A poppy cell suspension culture was permeabilized by Tween 80 and immobilized by glutaraldehyde. The α-Galactosidase in these cells showed an optimum pH level at 5.2 and an optimum temperature at 70 °C. Enzyme hydrolysis was linear for 3 h, reaching 86% conversion. A very good level of storage stability was achieved when using dry catalyst and immobilized cells in 0.15 M NaCl solution (with the addition of chloramphenicol, [1-methyldodecy1)-dimethylamin-4-oxide (ATDNO), chlortetracycline hydrochloride (CLCTC)] or by freezing them in 0.15 M NaCl solution.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170212
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  • 135
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    Seminar announcement (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 122-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170203
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  • 136
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    Characteristics of a microbial assay for the detection of halogenated hydrocarbons using cells of an actinomycete-like organism as a biological component (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 123-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Cells of an Actinomycete-like bacterium, strain GJ70, with the ability to degrade several haloalkanes were used as a biological component in a discontinuous microbial bioassay for the detection of 1,3-dichloropropene and 1,2-dibromoethane in water. The cells were entrapped in different matrices such as calcium alginate, carrageenan, chitosan, polyacrylamide-hydrazide and chitosan-carboxy-methyl cellulose; the specific dehalogenating activity of the immobilized cells to a stirred sample solution and by the use of an ion selective electrode (ISE) for the quantification of enzymatically released halogen ions, the concentration of halogenated hydrocarbons could be estimated by determining the change of electrode potential within a period of 5 min. The detection limits for 1,3-dichloropropene and 1,2-dibromoethane were below 100 μg/l and 25 μg/l, respectively; the relative standard deviation was 〈 10%. In addition, several chlorinated and brominated hgydrocarbons were converted by the bacterial cells at a reduced rate e.g. 1, 2-dibromopropane, 1-bromoethane, 1,5-dichloropentane, etc. Moreover, temperatures of between 20 and 40%C did not affect the enzymatic activity of the cells, and a pH of between at 5 and 9 had little influence. Several organic substances and non-metabolizable compounds did not affect the conversion, whereas some heavy metal ions acted as inhibitors.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170204
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  • 137
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    Transformed root cultures for biotechnology (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 131-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This review is concerned with the application of hairy roots, i.e. plant roots formed from plant cells after transformation by Agrobacterium rhizogenes for the production of bioactive compounds. Transformed root cultures have been established from numerous species of dicotyledonous plants. The plants, as well as the main products accumulated in hairy root cultures derived from these plants, are listed in this paper. Data are presented on novel compounds, hitherto detected only in transformed roots but not occurring in the corresponding intact plants.The possible use of hairy root cultures for the over-production of secondary metabolites and biotransformation of chemicals is discussed. In order to enhance the productivity of hairy root cultures, various methods have been derived, and optimized procedures are proposed. They include selection of high-producing clones, elicitation, composition of growth media, culture conditions and genetic approach. Hairy roots usually store secondary metabolites in vacuoles inside the cells. Therefore, several methods have been used to increase the amount of products released into the medium. Unfortunately, no general procedure is known that works in all cases, and the excretion behaviour of hairy root cultures varies from one species to another and even within one species from one clone to another.Special attention is given to the cultivation methods and bioreactor systems for hairy root cultures. Hairy roots are cultivated usually in shake flasks; however, shake flask culture is not suitable for the complex optimization and continuous control of the culture conditions. In this paper, we are going to present bioreactors proposed for the cultivation of hairy roots under more or less controlled conditions. Modifications of typical bacterial bioreactors, i.e. stirred tanks, airlift loop reactors and other constructions, are presented. A very special type of bioreactor providing good conditions for loose root mass multiplication without oxygen or substrate limitations, is the mist bioreactor. Nowadays, it is practically impossible to select the one best bioreactor type for hairy root culture.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170205
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  • 138
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    Kinetics of olive oil hydrolysis in an enzyme membrane reactor. Bond graph network model of reactor performance (part 1) (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 161-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Hydrolyses of olive oil were performed in a reactor with lipase immobilized on a laboratory ultrafiltration poliamide-6 membrane. The reactor consisted of two circulating phases of olive oil and buffer solution. For the characterization of the reactor performance, a model of the hydrolysis process was developed. It was created by means of thermodynamic network representation of both the chemical processes and the transport of the reactants. According to an estimated bond graph network, the model is represented quantatively by a set of thirty-three differential equations representing the time derivatives of the particular species concentration. The parameters of the model were estimated based on experimental data and/or literature notations. Close agreement of numerical estimations of the product concentrations with experimental data was gained. The model enabled an extended analysis of the influence of different reaction parameters, enzyme inhibition and concentration of the reactants on reactor performance.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170207
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  • 139
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    Effects of anoxic conditions on the enzymatic conversion of D,L-2-amino-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid to L-cystine (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 185-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effects of anoxic conditions on product inhibition and the stability of L-ATC hydrolase were investigated in the conversion of D,L-2-amino-Δ2-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid (D,L-ATC) to L-cystine using the cell free extract enzyme of Pseudomonas sp. in the presence of hydroxylamine. At L-cysteine equivalent levels, where one mole of L-cystine was counted as two moles of L-cysteine, L-cystine inhibited the L-ATC hydrolase reaction to a greater extent than L-cysteine. In air, the product occurred predominantly as L-cystine (94.9%), whereas in a nitrogen atmosphere the product occured as a mixture of L-cysteine (39.3%) and L-cystine (40.7%). As a result, less product inhibition took place in nitrogen. The activity of L-ATC hydrolase was almost fully lost after 20 h of incubation by shaking at 30 °C in air, but considerable activity remained under the anoxic conditions of nitrogen. A kinetic analysis of the reactions confirmed that reduced product inhibition and enhanced enzyme stability in nitrogen result in a more efficient enzyme reaction. The inactivation rate constant (k1) was estimated to be 0.11 h-1 in nitrogen and 0.22-1 in air, indicating that the stability of L-ATC hydrolase in nitrogen was greater than in air. The values of the Kp1 and Kp2 constants related to product inhibition were 43.36 mM and 30.48 mM for L-cysteine and L-cystine, respectively, where higher values were an indication of less product inhibition. The value of the rate constant (k2) for the oxidation of L-cysteine to L-cystine was 0.09 h-1 in nitrogen and 1.01 h-1 in air, suggesting that the oxidation of L-cysteine to L-cystine proceeds faster in air than in nitrogen.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170210
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  • 140
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    Masthead (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170301
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  • 141
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    In Situ Polymerase chain reaction and related technology. Basel, Berlin, Boston: Birkhäuser Verlag AG, 149 pages, 31 figures; DM 68, ISBN 3-7643-3870-9 (hardcover) (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 308-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170405
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  • 142
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    The European patent office's case law and the patentability of biotechnological inventions. Köln, Berlin, Bonn, München: Carl Heymanns Verlag, 1997, 379 pages; DM 120 (paperback), ISBN 3-452-23627-7 (2nd edition) (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 326-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170407
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  • 143
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    The role of formate for the growth of Rhodococcus opacus UFZ B 408 on pyridine (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 291-307 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: R. opacus UFZ B 408 is able to use pyridine, a potentially growth-inhibiting substrate, as the sole source of carbon, energy and nitrogen. In a previous publication [1] we reported that with the simultaneous utilization of a second carbon and energy source in carbon-substrate-limited chemostat culture, stable steady states could be achieved at higher dilution rates than with growth on pyridine as the sole substrate. Owing to the higher growth yield during growth on such a substrate mixture, both the specific pyridine consumption rates and the residual pyridine concentrations were lower at similar dilution rates than with growth on pyridine alone. Therefore, the critical growth-inhibitory pyridine concentration was only achieved at a higher dilution rate.With the investigations presented here in carbon-substrate-limited continuous culture, the simultaneous utilization of pyridine and formate by R. opacus UFZ B 408 was studied. The yield coefficient during growth on pyridine as the sole substrate amounted to about 0.55 g dry mass/g pyridine. Theoretically, however, the carbon-metabolism-determined yield coefficient should have been about 0.915 g dry mass/g pyridine. Because of the difference between these two values the conclusion was drawn that pyridine is energetically deficient. That means that during growth on pyridine a part of the substrate was dissimilated to supply the energy required for the incorporation of the pyridine carbon into biomass. Formate cannot be used as a carbon source for growth by R. opacus UFZ B 408. However, with growth on pyridine, formate was oxidized simultaneously. During growth on pyridine/formate mixtures, the yield coefficient could be enhanced up to 0.7 g dry mass/g pyridine. That means that biologically usable energy, generated in the course of the formate oxidation, was used for the assimilation of pyridine carbon. The increase in the yield coefficient was related to the utilization ratio of formate to pyridine in a linear manner. However, the carbon-metabolism-determined yield coefficient of 0.915 g dry mass/g pyridine could not be achieved. That can be put down to the fact that R. opacus UFZ B 408 possesses only a limited capacity to oxidize externally supplied formate. Because of the limited formate oxidation capacity the probability is low that, with simultaneous utilization of formate, stable steady states could be achieved at substantially higher dilution rates than with growth on pyridine alone.Enzymatic studies revealed the induction of both NAD(P)+-linked glutaric dialdehyde dehydrogenase and isocitrate lyase during growth on pyridine. Therefore, the conclusion was drawn that pyridine is metabolized by R. opacus UFZ B 408 via the same pathway described for the utilization of pyridine by Nocardia Z1 [2]. This conclusion implies that the ability to oxidize formate represents a metabolic performance which seems not to be directly related to the pyridine metabolism of R. opacus UFZ B 408.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170404
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    Umweltbiotechnologie. Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag GmbH, 1997, 357 pages, 102 tables; DM 78.00, ISBN 3-437-25230-5 (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 264-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170311
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  • 145
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    Lipase-catalyzed kinetic resolution of (R,S)-1-phenylethyl propionate in an enzyme membrane reactor (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 253-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Enzymatic stereoselective hydrolysis of (R,S)-1-phenylethyl propionate was performed in a stirred tank and in a biphasic enzyme membrane reactor. Lipase from Pseudomonas sp. was proved to be a good enantioselective catalyst for this reaction. The enzyme was covalently immobilized in a porous polyamide membrane (flat sheet as well as hollow-fibres) via glutaraldehyde. An influence of membrane hydrophobicity on reactor performance was observed. Initial lipase activity and productivity in the processes were equal to 1.05 × 10-4, 1.3 × 10-5 and 1.0 × 10-5 mole/(h × mg of enzyme) in the case of native lipase, in the aromatic polyamide hydrophobic membrane reactor and in the hydrophilic polyamide-6 membrane reactor, respectively. The influence of some factors such as temperature, pH, buffer concentration, initial substrate concentration and addition of β-cyclodextrin derivatives on reaction rate and enantioselectivity was investigated and discussed. In the enzyme membrane reactor both organic and aqueous phases circulated countercurrently on both sides of the membrane. At a conversion degree of under 55-60%, pure enantiomer of the remaining ester (i.e. 〉 98%) was obtained.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170310
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  • 146
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    NATO ASI Series, Series H, Cell Biology, Volume 95. Flow and image cytometry. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, London, Paris, Tokyo, Hong Kong: Springer Verlag, 1996, 241 pages; DM 148.00 ISBN 3-540-60696-3 (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 275-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170313
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  • 147
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    A laboratory guide to RNA: Isolation, analysis, and synthesis. New York, Chichester, Brisbane, Toronto, Singapore: John Wiley & Sons, 1996, 445 pages, 72 figures, 13 tables, £ 45.00 ISBN 0-471-12536-9 (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 276-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170314
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  • 148
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    Handbuch des Umweltschutzes und der Umweltschutztechnik, Band 2: Produktions- und produktintegrierter Umweltschutz. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, Barcelona, Budapest, Hong Kong, London, Mailand, Paris, Santa Clara, Singapore, Tokyo: Springer-Verlag, 1996, XXXVII + 1174 pages, 523 figures, 134 tables; 118 DM, ISBN 3-540-58059-x (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 290-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170403
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  • 149
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    Growth and formation of poly (hydroxybutyric acid) by Methylobacterium rhodesianum at methanol concentrations of above 25 g/I (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 279-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Methylobacterium rhodesianum MB 126 was cultivated using extended cultures without outflow. The feeding regime was based on the pH-regulated synchronous dosages of ammonia, methanol, phosphatc and trace elements according to supposed stoichiometric relations. The acidity of the culture medium was kept constant at pH 6.8, whereas the dissolved oxygen concentration was adjusted at 80% of saturation by autoregulation of the stirrer speed. However, besides testing technical conditions, two types of fermentations were discovered which are described in this paper. Firstly, although at the beginning of the bioprocesses the impeller speed increased up to 2,000 rpm, a decrease of dissolved oxygen down to zero was unavoidable. Secondly, methanol was accumulated temporarily up to 44 g/l and 26 g/l at 23 h of fermentation time and without inhibition of growth at least up to 30 g/l or PHB production. During this accumulation of the carbon substrate, exponential growth phases were detected showing growth rates of μ = 0.20/h and 0.21/h. But then, phases of retarded growth followed, whereas the methanol disappeared either continuously or after a steady level. In the course of a 54-h fermentation period, the synthesized PHB amounted to a content of above 50% of cell dry mass. From this data, a volumetric productivity of 0.4 g PHB/lxh was estimated. Moreover, the growth related yield coefficients were calculated to YX/MeOH = 0.21 and YX/MeOH = 0.14, whereas the product related yield coefficients amounted to YPHB/MeOH = 0.12 and YPHB/MeOH = 0,09. Since the shift down of growth rates as well as the production of PHB agreed in time with partial oxygen limitation (40% oxygen saturation), the competition observed between the tricarboxylic acid cycle and PHB synthesis was discussed. Summarizing the results, it was concluded that the frequently described inhibitory effect of methanol of above 2 g/l seems to be rather an effect of experimentally chosen conditions than of a general physiological phenomenon. Therefore, it could be demonstrated that the toxicity of methanol could be overcome if it was not dosed at different times but simultaneously with other medium components.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170402
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  • 150
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    Methods based on artificial intelligence, for controlling biotechnological processes. Monitoring of the concentration of dissolved oxygen (part III) (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 309-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A real-time artificial intelligence method for controlling the concentration of dissolved oxygen is proposed.Two projection versions of algorithms are considered in this paper. The versions vary in structure of the intelligent agents. One of the agents represents an automaton of expedient behaviour, the structure of the other consists of two automata which behave expediently in a complicated random medium.The first algorithm holds a check on a trend of change in values. The second version of the algorithm takes into account both the trend of change in the values and the speed of change in the values.Simulation studies show that expedient behaviour of the automata in the random medium for the control of dissolved oxygen concentration can bring about a good performance.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170406
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  • 151
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    Modelling L-glutamic acid production with Corynebacterium glutamicum under biotin limitation (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 327-337 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The production of L-glutamic acid with Corynebacterium glutamicum under biotin limitation was studied. Assuming a formal type of cell maturation, an adequate formal kinetic model was developed. This model includes growth, dependent on biotin, and uses the same retention term for describing the lag phase and cell maturation. Special attention was paid to the graphical interpretation of the performance between the variables, which is relevant for kinetics. Comparison between experiments and the model resulted in different degrees of agreement. However, the main trend of the experimental patterns of the complex bioprocess can clearly be mirrored in this model.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170408
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  • 152
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    Isolation of phenoxy herbicide-degrading Rhodoferax species from contaminated building material (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 351-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Bacterial strains have been isolated from contaminated concrete debris which exhibit the metabolic capability to degrade 2,4-chlorinated and 4-chloro-2-methyl-substituted phenols and phenoxyalkanoic acids including phenoxyacetate and phenoxypropionate derivatives. These strains were taxonomically identified. Two of them were found to belong to the β-subgroup of the proteobacteria and showed strong similarity to Rhodoferax fermentans. Preliminary investigations by PCR amplification using respective primers revealed that the strains harbour tfdA-like gene sequences.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170411
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  • 153
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    β-Galactosidase in immobilized cells of Daucus carota L. (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 357-363 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The cell suspension culture Daucus carota L. was permeabilized by Tween 80 and immobilized by glutaraldehyde. β-Galactosidase showed an optimum pH of 4.7 and an optimum temperature of 55 °C. The enzyme hydrolysis was linear for 3 h, reaching a 65% conversion. A very good level of storage stability was achieved when using dry catalyst, or a solution of 0.15 M NaCl with the addition of chloramphenicol, (l-methyldodecyl)-dimethylamin-4-oxide (ATDNO), chlortetracycline hydrochloride (CLCTC) or by freezing the immobilized cells in 0.15 M NaCl. The cells characterized by high enzyme activity and stability in long-term storage showed convenient physicomechanical properties.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170412
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  • 154
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    Application of statistical selection procedures for selecting the mutant with the highest enzyme activity from a set of mutants of the species Aspergillus niger (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 91-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The enzyme Glucoamylase [1,4-α-D-glucan-glucohydrolase EC 3.2.1.3] is very important for the food industry. It is used for producing glucose, ethanol and beer, as well as in technological processes that require the decomposition of starch. Eight mutants of the species Aspergillus niger are evaluated and tested with respect to their production of Glucoamylase and proved to be suitable. The task is to find the mutant showing the highest enzyme activity with a given precision. Conventionally, this kind of multiple decision problem is handled by the analysis of variance (Model I), which tests the homogeneity of the population means, but in this case the results do not supply the desired information. Provided that the enzyme activities of the mutants are different, selection procedures can be used to choose the mutant with the “best” or at least a “good” level of activity.In this paper, a short methodical summary about the two classes of selection procedures is given, i.e. the indifference zone (and d-correct) procedures and the subset procedures. By the example of the selection of a mutant with high enzyme activity the planning of experiments is shown. Depending on suppositions about the variances, different selection rules are applied. Starting with the subset procedure of GUPTA, the number of mutants is reduced to seven. The following application of the d-correct procedures of BECHHOFER, DUNNETT and SOBEL allow us to calculate the necessary sample size of n = 49. Then the mutant whose sample has the largest mean will be selected as a “good” one with a given precision of d = 4 [u/l] and a probability of correct selection of (1-β) = 0.9This application is result of a cooperation between the Dept. of Food of the Technical University, Berlin, and the Dept. of Biotechnology of the Higher Institute of Food and Flavour Industry, Plovdiv, sponsored by the DAAD andthe TU Berlin.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170113
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    Masthead (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170201
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  • 156
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    Studies on cultivation, biological efficiency and chemical analysis of Pleurotus sajor-caju (FR.) SINGER on different bio-wastes (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 107-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Three different kinds of biomass, namely Populus deltoides, Eupatorium adenophorum and sericulture waste were used individually for the cultivation of Pleurotus sajor-caju, alone and mixed with paddy straw. P. sajor-caju, when used alone, exhibited a very good colonizing ability on these substrates, except in sericulture waste. The biological efficiency of P. deltoides and E. adenophorum when used as pure substrate was 75 and 77%, respectively, but it increased to 102% when P. sajor-caju was cultivated in a mixture with paddy straw in a ratio of 1:2. Experiments examining the growth on sericulture waste in both pure and mixed substrate are encouraging. From the analysis of substrate before and after the cultivation of P. sajor-caju it was noted that subsstrates were enriched in their protein content as a result of growth of this mushroom. The percentage of degradation of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin showed that P. sajor-caju is capable of utilizing all three major components. The fruit bodies of P. sajor-caju were analyzed for crude protein content, crude fat and carbohydrate content. The energy values in the fruit bodies of P. sajor-caju and different organic wastes were found to vary from 282 to 309 kcal/100 g and from 319 to 467 kcal/100 g, respectively. It was found, however, that the energy recovery from organic wastes by fruit bodies was very low, i.e. 4.19-8.73 kcal/100g of dry substrate.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170202
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  • 157
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    Immobilization of enzymes and cells. Methods in biotechnology™ 1. Totowa (New Jersey): Humana Press, 1997, 367 pages, 72 figures, 14 tables; US $ 79.50, ISBN 0-896-03386-4 (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 159-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170206
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  • 158
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    Internationale Praxis Gentechnikrecht IP-GenTR, EG-Recht und Länderrecht. Heidelberg: C. F. Müller Verlag, Hüthig GmbH, 1134 pages; DM 198, ISBN 3-8114-0701-5 (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 184-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170209
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  • 159
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    Degradation of sugar cane bagasse by several white-rot fungi (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 177-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Forty-two white-rot fungi isolated in South America were incubated with long fibre sugar cane bagasse (LFB). The residual composition of LFB was determined after white-rot decay at 30 and 60 days. The ratio of residual lignin to residual lignin to residual cellulose (RL/RC) of untreated material (LFB) was 0.48. After white-rot-decay, the residual material with lower RL/RC ratios indicated that mainly lignin was degraded. In only 30 days, Phlebia sp. MVHC 5535, Athelia sp. MVHC 5509 and Spongipellis pachyodon MVHC 5019 caused a decrease in the RL/RC ratio to 0.36, 0.37 and 0.38, respectively, while it took 60 days for Ganoderma applanatum MVHC 5347, Hyphodontia sp. MVHC 5544, Panus tigrinus MVHC 5400, Stereum sp. MVHC 5113, Phellinus punctatus MVHC 5346 and MVHC 6388 to reach a ratio lower than 0.40. No correlation was found between the amount of some ligninolytic enzymes secreted and the residual composition of bagasse after white-rot fungi fermentation. Most of the fungal strains caused an increase in the relative amount of residual cellulose, indicating that hemicellulose was the preferred energy source.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170208
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  • 160
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    Conference announcement (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 202-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170213
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  • 161
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    Correlation between hypericin content and the ploidy of somaclones of Hypericum perforatum L. (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 83-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An altered ploidy level was observed in plants regenerated by adventitious shoot formation from seedlings of Hypericum prformatum L. (2n = 4x = 32). Among the somaclones of the Ro generation, the presence of diploids (2n = 2x = 16), triraploids (2n = 3x = 24), tetraploids (2n = 4x = 32) and mixoploids was detected. Cytogenetic analyses of the R1 and R2 progenies showed that the chromosomal instability of the Ro somaclones was transferred onto the next generation.While almost all the seed progeny of diploids (100% in R1 and 94% in R2) progenies showed that the chromosomal instability of the Ro somaclones was transferred onto the next generations.While almost all the seed progeny of diploids (100% in R1 and 94% in R2) and more than 60% of tetraploids (61% in R1 and 73% in R2) retained their chromosome number, cytogenetic diversity was observed in the progeny of triploids, mixoploids and some tetraploids.Somaclones and their offspring were analyzed for hypericin content. Statistical evaluation showed a correlation between hypericin content and ploidy during a two-year cultivation of R0 somaclones and in their R1 and R2 progenies.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170111
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  • 162
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    Conference announcement (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 104-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170115
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  • 163
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    Bioextraction and biodeterioration of metals. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 372 pages: £ 70, ISBN 0 521 41757 0 (hardback) (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 221-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170303
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  • 164
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    Lebensmittel-Biotechnologie und Ernáhrung. Probleme und Lösungsansátze. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, London, Paris, Tokyo, Hong Kong: Springer-Verlag, 1997, 326 pages, 71 figures, 97 tables; DM 78. ISBN 3-540-61135-5 (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 240-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170307
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  • 165
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    Urease immobilized on an aminated polysulphone membrane - inhibition by boric acid (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 223-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An enzymatic membrane for application in the processes of decomposition and removal of urea from aqueous solutions was prepared: jack bean urease was immobilized on an aminated polysulphone membrane by adsorption. The inhibition of the system by boric acid was studied using procedures based on the MICHAELIS-MENTEN integrated equation (non-linear regression, and the linear transformations of WALKER and SCHMIDT, JENNINGS and NIEMANN, and BOOMAN and NIEMANN). The reaction was carried out in a 100 mM phosphate buffer of pH 7.0, containing 2 mM EDTA, obtained by neutralization of orthophosphoric acid with NaOH, at an initial urea concentration of 10 mM, and a temperature of 25 °C. The reaction was initiated by the addition of the enzyme to the urea solution, and was monitored by removing samples of the reaction mixture for NH3 determinations by the phenol-hypochlorite method until the urea was exhausted. The results were compared with those obtained earlier under the same reaction conditions for free urease and urease covalently immobilized on chitosan. The inhibition was found to be competitive, similar to that of the free enzyme and urease immobilized on chitosan, with inhibition constants Ki equal to 0.36, 0.19 and 0.60 mM. The results show that adsorption of the enzyme on a polysulphone membrane changed the enzyme to a lesser degree than covalent immobilization of the enzyme on a chitosan membrane.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170305
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  • 166
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    Ökologie der Abwasserorganismen. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, Barcelona, Budapest, Hongkong, London, Mailand, Paris, Santa Clara, Singapur, Tokio: Springer-Verlag, 1996, 313 pages, 73 figures, 18 tables; DM 128. ISBN 3-540-60402-2 (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 251-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170309
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  • 167
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    Coconut cake - a potent substrate for the production of lipase by Candida rugosa in solid-state fermentation (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 241-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Investigations were conducted with the aim of producing extracellular lipase from Candida rugosa by solid-state fermentation (SSF), using coconut oil cake (COC) as a solid substrate. To optimize production, various modifications were made to enrich the substrate by supplementing it with mineral solution, different carbon sources and several inorganic as well as organic nitrogen sources. Among them, urea (1%), peptone (3%) and maltose (5%) were found to be most suitable. Addition of olive oil (10%) encouraged lipase synthesis. The maximum lipase activity in the enriched substrate was 87.76 units per gram of dry fermented substrate [U/gds] compared to 25.81 U/gds in the raw cake at 96 h of fermentation, and growth was as high as 14.44 mg/gds of glucosamine. This was reached at 72 h in the enriched substrate. C. rugosa growth was calculated indirectly by estimating the glucosamine content in the cell wall after its hydrolysis. The enzyme yield was far better than any values reported as yet.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170308
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  • 168
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    Masthead (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170401
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  • 169
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    Levan production by Zymomonas mobilis cells. Attached to plaited spheres (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 265-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In this work, an immobilization method for polymer-levan production by a non-flocculating Z mobilis culture was developed. The extent of cell attachment to the stainless steel wire surface, culture growth and product synthesis were described. It was established that during short-term passive immobilization of non-flocculation Z mobilis cells on a stainless steel wire surface, sufficient amounts of biomass for proper levan and ethano fermentation could not be obtained. Adherence of cells was improved by pressing the paste-like biomass within stainless steel spheres knitted from wire with subsequent dehydration. Biomass fixed in metal spheres was used for repeated batch fermentation of levan. The activation period of cells within wire spheres (WS) was 48 h in duration. During this time, cell growth stabilized at production levels of ethanol and levan of Qeth = 1.238 g/l × h and qeth = 0.47 g/l × h; Qeth = 0.526 g/l × h and qeth = 0.20 g/l × h. Five stable fermentation cycles were realized using one wire sphere inoculum, and maintaining a stable ratio of 2.4 of biomass suspended in the medium to biomass fixed in the sphere. Using fixed Z mobilis biomass in the WS, the total amount of inoculum could be reduced for batch fermentation. Large plaited wire spheres with biomass may have potential in fermentation in viscous systems, including levan production.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170312
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  • 170
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    Advances in biosensors. Biosensors: A Russian perspective (vol. 3). London (England), Greenwich (Conn., USA): JAI Press Ltd., 300 (approx.) pages, 103 figures, 19 tables, 8 schemes; £ 62.50, ISBN 1-55938-535-9 (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 222-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170304
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  • 171
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    Estimation of biological kinetic parameters from an analysis of the BOD curve of waste waters-effects of a chemical preoxidation (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 207-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Urban waste waters were treated with pure ozone or combinations of ozone, hydrogen peroxide and/or UV radiation to study the course of resulting BOD (biological oxygen demand)-time profiles and to propose a kinetic model. BOD-time profiles of chemically treated waste waters show an initial lag period that first order kinetic models cannot describe. A second order kinetic model is then proposed that satisfactorily fits experimental BOD-time profiles, except when hydrogen peroxide has been used. In these cases, BOD-time profiles present the highest lag periods observed. By applying this model, three parameters are determined: the biokinetic constant (k) which is an index of the biological removal rate; the potential amount of biodegradable matter (BODT), and the measure of the size of inocula and microbial activities of microoganisms (λ). The model was checked with experimental results of BOD-time profiles corresponding to both untreated and chemically ozonated urban waste waters. Ozonated waste waters showed the highest values of k and BODT, which implies an improvement of waste water biodegradability after ozonation. However, values of λ corresponding to ozonated waste waters presented lower values than those of untreated waste waters. This was due to the lag period observed in the BOD-time profile, which was a consequence of a lack of microorganism acclimation to ozonated waste waters. The effect of the ozone does, pH and carbonates during ozonation on COD (chemical oxygen demand) and the above indicated parameters was also studied. There was an optimum ozone dose which was 138 mg/l for this specific system. This led to the highest biodegradable fraction (ϕ) and the highest biokinetic constant (39% increase in ϕ and 4.7- fold increase in the value of k, respectively, compared to untreated waste waters.). Another significant fact was that a higher COD reduction was observed in the absence of carbonate during ozonation at basic pH values. In addition, the percentage of variation in the biodegradable fraction (Δϕ) of ozonated waste water increased compared to the untreated waste water at acid pH. The results suggest that ozonolysis, the direct molecular ozone way of reaction, due to its selective character, increases the biodegradability of waste water more than other chemically advanced oxidation processes based on hydroxyl radical reactions.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170302
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    Degradation of waste waters from olive oil mills by Yarrowia lipolytica ATCC 20255 and Pseudomonas putida (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 231-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Waste waters from olive oil processing may cause severe pollution in the Mediterranean area, since they have a high level of chemical oxygen demand (COD) (100-200 g/l) and contain other organic and inorganic compounds. In all olive oil producing countries, the reduction of pollution in olive oil mill waste waters at reasonable costs and using techniques suitable for most industrial applications is an unsolved problem.For this paper, the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica ATCC 20255 was grown on waste waters from an olive oil mill in a 3.5 1 fermenter under batch culture conditions.The results showed that the yeast was capable of reducing the COD value by 80% in 24 h. In this way, a useful biomass of 22.45 g/l as single cell protein (SCP) and enzyme lipase were produced.During this process, most of the organic and inorganic substances were consumed, only aromatic pollutants were still present in the fermentation effluents. Therefore, we used a phenol degrader, namely Pseudomonas putida, to reduce phenolic compounds in the fermentation effuents after removing Yarrowia lipolytica cells. P. putida was effective in reducing phenols in only 12 h.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170306
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    Umweltverschmutzung: Ökologische Aspekte und biologische Behandlung. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Verlag, 1996, 344 pages, 57 figures, 24 tables; hardcover DM 98, ISBN 3-540-58726-8 (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 338-338 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170409
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  • 174
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    Hydrolysis and transformation of cellulose with Aspergillus niger IBT-90 enzymes (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 339-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Hydrolysis and transformation of Fibrenier cellulose (USA) with enzymes from Aspergillus niger IBT-90 was studied. The process was performed at 50°C and pH 4.8 for 24 h using an enzyme complex either as a properly diluted culture filtrate or as a mixture of isolated and purified enzymes from A.niger IBT-90. In the latter experiments, enzyme-substrate ratios expressed as units of activity per 1 g of cellulose were as follows: endoglucanase E1 and E2, 40; β-glucosidase, 40 and cellobio-hydrolase, 2. Cellulose concentration was 5%. It was proved that the crude celluloytic complex from A. niger IBT-90 exhibits higher efficiency in the decomposition of cellulose in comparison to the mixture of enzymes isolated from this complex, as was revealed in assays of reducing sugars and determinations of light transmission throughout cellulose fibres using a computer analysis of the microscopic image. Comparison of both the endoglucanases E1 and E2 showed that the first enzyme is more active against cellulose. It liberated more reducing sugars and caused more significant decomposition of fibres. The predominant effect of the endoglucanase E2 was a smoothing of the fibre surface. The cellobiohydrolase split a cellulose fibre into many short fibres.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170410
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    Kinetics for the life sciences: Receptors, transmitters and catalysts. Cambridge University Press, 346 pages, 42 figures; £ 17.95 (US$ 29.95), ISBN 0-521-48586-X (paperback) (1997)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 17 (1997), S. 363-363 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170413
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  • 176
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    Masthead (1996)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 60 (1996) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240600201
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  • 177
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    Masthead (1996)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 61 (1996) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240610201
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  • 178
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    Masthead (1996)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 63 (1996) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240630501
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  • 179
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    T-Cell lymphoma cell lines (HUT102 and HUT78) established at the National Cancer Institute: History and importance to understanding the biology, clinical features, and therapy of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL) and adult T-cell leukemia-lymphomas (ATLL) (1996)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 63 (1996), S. 12-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: CTCL ; Sezary ; HTLV-I ; HIV ; IL-2 ; Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Efforts at the National Cancer Institute to generate continuous in vitro cultures from patients with mycosis fungoides and the Sezary syndrome, neoplasms with a mature T-helper phenotype, led to the establishment of two cell lines, HUT78 and HUT102. Further characterization of these cell lines led to the identification of the first human retrovirus, HTLV-1, in the HUT102 cells, and the clinical description of the syndrome of HTLV-1 associated acute T-cell leukemia/lymphoma; the serum antibody test to screen for this virus was developed from the serum of the patient from whom the cell line was derived. The HUT78 cell line was pivotal in the identification and characterization of the HIV retrovirus in that a subclone, H9, proved to be permissive for replication of HIV in vitro. Propagation of HIV in vitro in H9 cells allowed for the development of immunological reagents to screen blood supplies for the presence of the virus. Further biologic and molecular studies of these lines have led not only to a better understanding of the underlying diseases but also to the development of rational therapeutic approaches. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240630503
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  • 180
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    Biology of colorectal and gastric cancer cell lines (1996)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 63 (1996), S. 131-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Cell lines established from the human colorectal and gastric cancers may provide very useful tools to the study of the disease and to develop and test new therapeutic approaches, and a large bank of well-characterized cell lines should reflect the diversity of tumor phenotypes and provide adequate models for the study of tumor heterogeneity. Colorectal lines are relatively easy to establish, while gastric cancer cell lines remain extremely difficult to propagate in long-term culture, and the number of cell lines is very limited. In this paper, we describe the up-to-date results of the characteristics of our nine colorectal cancer cell lines and four gastric cancer cell lines. Based on culture, xenograft, and ultrastructural morphologies, these cell lines could be subtyped into well-differentiated, moderately differentiated, poorly differentiated, and mucinous carcinomas. Basic properties concerning expression and secretion of antigens, neuroendocrine features, receptor binding of various gastrointestinal hormones and neurotransmitters, cytogenetic studies, gene amplification and expression, and chemosensitivity profiles are described. In particular, a greater number of receptors for hormones and neurotransmitters are expressed on human colorectal cancer cell lines compared to gastric cancer cell lines, raising the possibility that castrointestinal hormones may have a greater autocrine effect on colon cancer cell growth. Despite major differences in the biology of colorectal cancer and gastric cancer as indicated by clinical studies, the multiple properties that we examined reveals marked similarities between the colorectal and gastric cancer cell lines. However, in vitro chemosensitivity patterns to cytotoxic drugs are very different in colorectal and gastric cell lines. Some of these observations may be due to the relatively low expression of the multidrug-resistance-associated (MDR1) gene in gastric cancer cell lines. In addition, colorectal cancer cell lines express receptors for peptide hormones more frequently. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240630508
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  • 181
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    Dipyridamole mediated enhanced antiproliferative activity of 10-ethyl-10-deazaaminopterin (10-EDAM) against human lung cancer cell lines (1996)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 63 (1996), S. 165-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: 10-EDAM ; dipyridamole ; methotrexate ; lung cancer ; Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: 10-ethyl-10-deazaaminopterin (10-EDAM) is a rationally designed derivative of the antifolate, methotrexate (MTX). In a number of tumor models these design features have resulted in an improved spectrum of antiproliferative activity as compared with the parent compound. Using an MTT growth assay, we compared in vitro antiproliferative activity of 10-EDAM with MTX in eight lung cancer cell lines. Growth was inhibited in all lines tested by clinically achievable concentrations of 10-EDAM (0.1-1,000 nM). 10-EDAM was more cytotoxic than MTX at the same concentrations in all eight lung cancer cell lines. In an effort to enhance the antiproliferative effect, we evaluated the addition of dipyridamole (DPM), an inhibitor of nucleoside transport, to 10-EDAM (0.1-10 μm). DPM decreased the concentration of 10-EDAM required to cause 50% growth inhibition (IC50) in all eight cell lines tested. This supperssion was statistically significant by 2-sided sign test (P = .0078). By contrast, the IC50 of MTX was decreased in only two of the eight cell lines when DPM was added (0.1-10 μM). In defined thymidine depleted media, cell kill by the combination of 10-EDAM and DPM was no greater than 10-EDAM alone, consistent with the possibility that DPM exerts some of its effect by inhibition of extrinsic nucleoside salvage. In consideration of the published activity of 10-EDAM in lung cancer and the modest clinical toxicity of DPM based biochemical modulation, we conclude the current in vitro data provide justification for clinical evaluation of this combination in patients with lung cancer. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240630512
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  • 182
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    MYC family DNA amplification in 126 tumor cell lines from patients with small cell lung cancer (1996)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 63 (1996), S. 210-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: Lung neoplasms ; oncogenes ; drug therapy ; mortality ; pathology ; Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: We identified 126 tumor cell lines established from patients with small cell cancer at the NCI-Navy Medical Oncology Branch from 1977 through 1992. Extensive clinical information was available on 96 patients from whom these cell lines were established. These patients comprised approximately one fourth of the 407 patients treated on prospective therapeutic clinical trials during the same time period. The proportion of tumor cell lines established from previously untreated patients with both limited and extensive stage small cell lung cancer increased during the 16 years of the study (P = 0.008). MYC family DNA amplification was present in 16 of 44 (36%) tumor cell lines established from previously treated patients compared to 7 of 52 (11%) of tumor cell lines established from untreated patients (P = 0.009). MYC DNA amplification in tumor cell lines established from patients previously treated with chemotherapy continued to be associated with shortened survival (P = 0.001). The initiation of a policy to obtain tumor tissue for the purpose of selecting chemotherapeutic agents given to individual patients was associated with an increase in the proportion of patients from whom tumor cell lines could be established for both extensive and limited stage patients (P = 0.001 and 0.05, respectively). © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240630516
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  • 183
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    Bombesin receptor structure and expression in human lung carcinoma cell lines (1996)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 63 (1996), S. 237-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: bombesin receptor ; gastrin releasing peptide receptor ; neuromedin B receptor ; bombesin ; autocrine growth ; Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Mammalian bombesin-like peptides gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) and neuromedin B (NMB) are regulatory neuropeptides involved in numerous physiologic processes, and have been implicated as autocrine and/or paracrine growth factors in human lung carcinoma. Three structurally and pharmacologically distinct bombesin receptor subtypes have been isolated and characterized: the gastrin releasing peptide receptor (GRP-R), the neuromedin B receptor (NMB-R), and bombesin receptor subtype-3 (BRS-3). The three receptors are structurally related, sharing about 50% amino acid identity. They are members of the G-protein coupled receptor superfamily with a seven predicted transmembrane segment topology charcteristic of receptors in this family. The signal transduction pathway for GRP-R and NMB-R involves coupling to a pertussis-toxin insensitive G-protien, activation of phospholipase C (PLC), generation of inositol trisphosphate (IP3), release of intracellular calcium, and activation of protein kinase C. While all three bombesin receptors are activated by bombesin agonists, GRP-R, and NMB-R, and BRS-3 have very different affinities for the mammalian bombesin-like peptides GRP and NMB, as well as bombesin receptor antagonists. The three bombesin receptor subtypes are expressed in an overlapping subset of human lung carcinoma cell lines. Any therapeutic strategy based on modulation of bombesin growth responses in human lung carcinoma cell lines. Any therapeutic strategy based on moducation of bombesin growth reponses in human lung carcinoma would be well served to take into account the pharmacologic heterogeneity of the relevant receptors. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240630519
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  • 184
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    Expression in human lung cancer cell lines of genes of prohormone processing and the neuroendocine phenotype (1996)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 63 (1996), S. 257-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: small cell cancer ; non-small cell lung cancer ; peptidylglycin α-amidating monooxygenase ; lung tumor cell lines ; Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Lung tumor cells and cell lines, principally the histologically classified small cell lung cancer, are characterized by the expression of neuroendocrine (NE) features including AADC (aromatic amico acid decarboxylase, previously called DOPA decarboxylase) and the production of many peptide harmones. The general mechanisms by which most aspects of the NE phenotype affect the clinical behavior of lung tumor cells are unknown, but it is well recognized that peptide hormones can have systemic effects (paraneoplastic syndromes) and several have been shown to be autocrine growth factors for cancer cells, In order to determine the relationship between expression of different aspects of the NE phenotype in lung cancer cell lines, we have compared expression of a gene required for biosynthesis of some active peptide hormones (PAM, peptidyglycine α-amidating monooxygenase) to the gene for AADC in 32 lung cancer cell lines. Expression of these genes was quantified by both steady state Northern blot analysis and radiochemical enzymatic activity measurement. To ensure a range of expression of NE markers, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines were chosen to include several which had previously been shown to express NE markers, and several small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines with previous low level of AADC were included. PAM enzyme activity and Northern blot analysis showed a two to three log variation in level of expression in both the small cell and non-small cell lines. A smaller range was found for AADC expression. Using the highly sensitive PAM enzyme assays, all cell lines were found to express detectable PAM. PAM activities were secreted into the growth medium of all cell lines.There was so simple correlation apparent betwenn AADC and PAM gene expression in the lung cancer cell lines. However, calssic small cell lines demonstrated high levels of expression of both PAM and AADC genes, as did the carcinoid subset of the NSCLC lines. NSCLC lines expressed levels of PAM mRNA and enzyme activities equivalent to those of SCLC, but had infrequent expression of AADC (principlly only carcinoid NSCLC expressed AADC). These data demonstrate that separate aspects of the NE phenotype can be diffrentially expresses in lung cancer histological sub-type. Expression of PAM enzymes in all sub-tupe of lung cancer suggests that peptide prohormone activitioin may be common mechanism for autocrine growth stimulation even in non-NE NSCLC cell lines, or may reflect maintenance in cell lines of a common pathway of lung tumor promotion. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240630521
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  • 185
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    Masthead (1996)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 63 (1996) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240630301
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  • 186
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    Regulation of nuclear oncogenes expressed in lung cancer cell lines (1996)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 63 (1996), S. 218-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: lung cancer ; cell lines ; nuclear oncogenes ; myc genes ; c-jun ; c-fos ; transcription factors ; Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Lung cancer is a major cause of mortality in the United States and accounts for the majority of all cancer deaths in both men and women. It is hoped that through broadening our understanding of the mechanisms involved in transformation of bronchial epithelial cells we will be able to improve methods of diagnosis and treatment of this disease, with the ultimate goal of reducing on lung cancer mortality. A knowledge of the molecular mechanisms involved in processes such as cell division and differentiation is paramount to this task, because it is known that aberrant responses to growth factors or cytokines found in the normal celluar milieu can lead to abnormal cell growth and/or transformation. Signals initiated at the cell membrane by tumor promoters, growth factors, or cytokines are transduced from the cell membrane to the nucleus and are, in part, mediated centrally by transcription factors encoded by nuclear protooncogenes. The transcription factor myc, jun, and fos have been characterized in both normal and transformed lung epithelial cells through detailed studies using cell lines. In this manuscript, we review what is known about the expression and regulation of these nuclear protooncogenes in normal and malignant epithelial cells of the lung, and their role in the development of lung cancer. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240630517
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  • 187
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    GRP receptors are present in non small cell lung cancer cells (1996)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 63 (1996), S. 247-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: GRP receptor ; cytosolic calcium ; growth ; arachidonic acid ; protien kinase C ; Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Previously, GRP receptors wer charachterized in sasmll cell lung cancer cells and here non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells were investigated: (125I-Tyr4) bombesin (BN) or 125I-GRP bound with high affinity to NCI-H720 (lung carcioid) and NCI-H1299 (large cell carcinoma) cells. Binding was specific, time dependent, and saturable. Specific (125I-Tyr4) BN binding to NCI-H1299 cells was inhibited with high affinity by GRP, BN, GRP14-27, (D-Phe6)BN6-13methyl ester, moderate affinity by NMB, and low affinity by NMB, and low, and low affinity by GRP1-16. BN (10nM) transiently elevated cytosolic calcium in a dose dependent manner. BN caused translocation of protein kinase C from the cytosol to the membrane and the translocation caused by BN was reversed by (D-Phe6)BN6-13 methylester. BN stimulated arachidonic acid release and the increase caused by BN was reversed by (D-Phe6)BN6-13 methylester. Using a clonogenic assay, BN stimulated the growth of NCI-H720 cells, and ythe number of colonies was reduced using (D-Phe6)BN6-13 methylester. These data suggest that GRP receptors that are present in lung carcinoid and NSCLC cells may regulate proliferation. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240630520
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  • 188
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    Transferrin dependence of Ga(NO3)3 inhibition of growth in human-derived small cell lung cancer cells (1996)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 63 (1996), S. 276-287 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: Ga nitrate ; transferrin ; transferrin receptors ; small cell lung cancer ; Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The effect of a combination of anti-transferrin receptor (TFR) antibody, 42/6, and Ga(No3)3 on cell growth was examined in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines: classic, NCl-H209, NCl-H345, NCl-H510; and variant, NCl-H82 and NCl-N417. The role of TFR and transferrin(TF) in Ga(No3)3 cellular uptake was also tested. Exogenous TF did not enhance the cytotoxicity of Ga. At 〉 3 μg/mL, Ga(No3)3 inhibited growth in all cell lines in TF-supplemented or deficient media. At 〈 3 μg/mL, Ga stimulated growth for all cells but this effect was eliminated by TF or 42/6. Classic SCLC lines required 3-4-fold less exogenous gallium than variant lines to reduce cell number by 50%. The mean Ga uptake (ng/106 cells) in H345 and H209 cell lines was 4-5-fold compared to H82 and N417 uptake (P 〈 0.001). 42/6 reduced exogenous TF-stimulated growth. Antibody plus Ga(No3)3 caused a slight further cell number decline in all cell lines in TF-supplemented or deficient media. These results suggest that the addition of 42/6 antibody treatment would not increase the effectiveness of Ga(No3)3 in patients. Both exogenous and endogenous TF and TFR play an important role in Ga uptake in these cells. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240630523
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  • 189
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    Strategy and planning for chemopreventive drug development: Clinical development plans II (1996)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 63 (1996), S. 54-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: This is the second publication of Clinical Development Plans from the National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Chemoprevention Branch and Agent Development Committee. The Clinical Development Plans summarize the status of promising chemopreventive agents regarding evidence for safety and chemopreventive efficacy in preclinical and clinical studies. They also contain the strategy for further development of these drugs, addressing pharmacodynamics, drug effect measurements, intermediate biomarkers for monitoring efficacy, toxicity, supply and formulation, regulatory approval, and proposed clinical trials. Sixteen new Clinical Development Plans are presented here: curcumin, dehydroepiandrosterone, folic acid, genistein, indole-3-carbinol, perillyl alcohol, phenethyl isothiocyanate, 9-cis-retinoic acid, 13-cis-retinoic acid, l-selenomethionine and 1,4-phenylenebis(methylene)selenocyanate, sulindac sulfone, tea, ursodiol, vitamin A, and (+)-vorozole. The objective of publishing these plans is to stimulate interest and thinking among the scientific community on the prospects for developing these and future generations of chemopreventive drugs. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240630705
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    Clinical development plan: Folic acid (1996)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 63 (1996), S. 100-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240630708
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    Masthead (1996)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 60 (1996) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240600101
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    Masthead (1996)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 60 (1996) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240600401
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    Involvement of signal transduction pathways in lung cancer biology (1996)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 63 (1996), S. 228-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: transduction ; biological signals ; oncogenesis ; lung cancer ; bombesin ; Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Pathways involved in the transduction of biological signals within cells overlap with those involved in oncogenesis. Previous studies have identified a number of discrete disturbances of some elements of these pathways in human lung cancer cells, by virtue of the overexpression or the mutation of certain key molecules. The sequence of biochemical events triggered by a mitogenic stimulus such as the exposure to bombesin-like peptides are being unravelled. The opportunity exists to identify additional changes involving regulatory proteins which may contribute to the regulation of these systems and which may function as suppressors of the malignant phenotype. Furthermore, the understanding of these pathways may identify targets for the pharmacological regulation of tumor cell response to mitogens which may be usable in the clinic. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240630518
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    Monoclonal antibody αIR-3 inhibits non-small cell lung cancer growth in vitro and in vivo (1996)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 63 (1996), S. 269-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: IGF-I ; non-small cell lung cancer ; monoclonal antibodies ; growth ; receptors ; Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The ability of monoclonal antibody (mAb) αI̊-3 to interact with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells was investigated. MAb αI̊-3 inhibited specific binding of 125I-IGF-I and 125I-αI̊-3 to a panel of 8 NSCLC cell lines with high affinity (IC50 = 200 and 50 ng/ml, respectively). 125I-αI̊-3 bound with high affinity (Kd = 40 ng/ml) to a single class of sites (Bmax = 8,000/cell) using NCI-H838 cells. 125I-αI̊-3 was internalized when exposed to NCI-H838 or H1299 cells at 37°C but not 4°C. αI̊-3 immunoprecipitated major 90 and 130 kD proteins. IGF-I stimulated and αI̊-3 inhibited the clonal growth of NCI-H1299 cells. αI̊-3 slowed the growth of NCI-H157 and H838 xenografts in nude mice. In a biodistribution study 125I-αI̊-3 was preferentially localized to the tumor as opposed to other organs. These data suggest that IGF-I may be a regulatory agent in NSCLC. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240630522
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    Foreword: Prospects for chemoprevention in cohorts with cancer risk makers (1996)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 63 (1996), S. i 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240630602
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  • 196
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    Masthead (1996)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 62 (1996) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240620201
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    Masthead (1996)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 62 (1996) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240620401
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  • 198
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    Masthead (1996)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 63 (1996) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240630601
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    Editor' note (1996)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 63 (1996), S. i 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240630603
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    Clinical development plan: Curcumin (1996)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 63 (1996), S. 72-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240630706
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