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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998), S. 2081-2083 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We introduce and demonstrate a novel operating mode in near-field optical microscopy. The tip is used to simultaneously optically probe the sample and induce a highly localized strain in the area under study by pushing the tip into the sample. From knowledge of total tip-sample compression and tip geometry, we estimate the magnitude of stress, and show that localized uniaxial-like stresses in excess of 10 kbar can be achieved. We apply this method to a sample of InAlAs self-assembled quantum dots. A blueshift of quantum dot emission lines consistent with estimates of the strain is observed, as well as a quenching of the photoluminescence with strain. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We investigated whether patients with contact allergy differed from non-contact-allergic, non-atopic controls with regard to genotype and phenotype of the polymorphic enzyme N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2). 55 contact-allergic patients recruited from the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK) were compared to 85 controls from among local health care personnel. NAT2 activity was calculated from HPLC analysis of the ratio of the caffeine metabolites 5-acetylamino-6-formylamino-3-methyluracil (AFMU) and 1-methylxanthine (1MX) in the urine. NAT2 genotype was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A statistically significantly increased proportion of rapid acetylators was found in contact-allergic patients. This may have 2 possible implications: acetylation may enhance contact sensitization; or NAT2 status may be a genetic marker for contact sensitizability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 109 (1998), S. 3559-3567 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The ionic molecular crystal potassium amide (KNH2) was investigated by means of quasielastic incoherent neutron scattering (QNS). In the orientationally disordered cubic and tetragonal high–temperature phases as well as in the ordered monoclinic phase reorientational motions of the amide ions (NH2−) are resolved in a frequency range of three orders of magnitude. The QNS spectra are well explained by reorientational models for each phase. Furthermore, the results are compared to structural data and findings of other spectroscopic methods. Finally, a consistent picture of structure and dynamics of all three phases of potassium amide is obtained. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1248-9204
    Keywords: Incisional hernia ; Marlex mesh ; Abdominal wall compliance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In view of the poor results of suturing techniques, incisional hernias are often best repaired with biomaterials. Their use brings the recurrence rate to below 10%, but patients sometimes complain of discomfort and restricted abdominal mobility. We report our experience with 41 patients after implantation of a Marlex®-mesh in a preperitoneal, retromuscular position (mean follow-up period 16.7 months). The effect of implanted meshes on abdominal wall mobility was measured noninvasively with the aid of three dimensional stereography and compared with a non-operated healthy control group (n = 21). The commonest early postoperative complication was seroma in 32% of cases, usually relieved by aspiration. Infection and hematoma were less frequent at 4.9% and 12.2% respectively. Three patients developed a recurrent hernia. During follow-up 7.3% experienced pain during heavy activities, 29.3% during daily activities and 4.9% at rest. Three dimensional stereography showed a highly significant (p 〈 0.001) decrease in abdominal wall mobility following mesh implantation, compared to a non-operated control group. Improved composition of the mesh material involving a smaller proportion of polypropylene and greater elasticity, should be considered for the future, in order to reduce patient discomfort.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Regional acceleratory phenomenon — Systemic acceleratory phenomenon — Inflammation-mediated osteopenia — Bone healing — Woven bone.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. We have previously shown that restoration of a local bone defect in the rat not only leads to a regional acceleratory phenomenon (RAP), but also to a systemic acceleration of osteogenesis (SAP) at distant sites of the skeleton. In this study, we investigated whether specific inhibition of osteoblasts would affect the local RAP and the systemic acceleratory phenomenon (SAP) healing sites. Systemic inhibition of osteoblasts was induced by inflammation-mediated osteopenia (IMO), a nonspecific type of inflammation initiated by S.C. injections of sterile talc. A drill hole defect 1.2 mm in diameter was performed at the midshaft of the left tibia of female rats. On day 7, during the formation phase of the local healing process, IMO did not influence the number of osteoblasts or the bone volume in the marrow cavity of the local healing site, whereas it did lead to a significant reduction of osteoblast number and bone volume at the systemic site (subepiphyseal spongiosa of the tibia). By contrast, on days 14 and 21, during the resorption phase of bone healing, IMO led to a significant reduction in both osteoblast number and bone volume in the marrow cavity of the local healing site. At the same time, however, it did not influence the cortical area of the bone defect where newly formed bone is needed to ensure mechanical stability. In summary, our model of bone healing reveals that a humoral noxious osteoblast stimulus such as IMO is able to inhibit systemically osteoblasts stimulated by SAP, whereas it is not able to inhibit osteoblasts either from producing woven bone during a RAP or from producing bone that is needed to mechanically stabilize a defect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 264-268 (Feb. 1998), p. 69-72 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Pulmonary metastases ; Breast cancer ; Resection ; Survival. ; Schlüsselwörter: Lungenmetastasen ; Mammacarcinom ; Metastasenresektion ; Überleben.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Zumindest ein Viertel aller Patienten mit Mammacarcinom kommen in ein metastasierendes Stadium. Ungeachtet der laufenden Adaptierung palliativer Therapiemodalitäten blieb das mittlere Überleben in diesem Stadium innerhalb von 25 Jahren unverändert (19–32 Monate nach Diagnose), und 95 % dieser Patientinnen starben an der Generalisierung des Malignoms. Das erste Therapieziel muß deshalb Schaffung und Erhaltung von Lebensqualität sein. Daneben hat sich die chirurgische Entfernung isolierter Lungenmetastasen nach anderen Malignomen als therapeutisches Konzept durchgesetzt. Berichtet wird von 3 epidemiologisch vergleichbaren Kollektiven aus insgesamt 125 Patientinnen unserer Abteilung mit isolierten Lungenmetastasen nach Mammacarcinom (Beobachtungszeitraum 1977–1997). Von 96 Patientinnen waren komplette Datensätze erhebbar, sodaß sie retrospektiv entsprechend der chirurgischen Therapie in 3 Gruppen stratifiziert werden konnten. 28 Patientinnen wurden komplett (K), 34 inkomplett (I) und 34 nicht (N) reseziert. Der Vergleich der 3 Therapiegruppen N, K und I untereinander hinsichtlich Tumorstadium, Histologie und Receptorstatus des Primärtumors, Anzahl der Metastasen und des tumorfreien Intervalls ergab keine statistisch signifikanten Unterschiede. Das mittlere Überleben der Gruppe K war mit 79 Monaten nach Resektion der Lungenmetastasen (5-Jahres-Überleben 80 %, 10-Jahres-Überleben 60 %) signifikant besser im Vergleich zu den Gruppen I und N (p 〈0,00002). Das mittlere Überleben der Gruppen I und N war mit 15,5 und respektive 9 Monaten nicht signifikant unterschiedlich. Das tumorfreie Intervall nach Operation des Primärtumors hatte auf die Prognose der Gruppe K keinen Einfluß, korrelierte aber mit dem Überleben in Gruppe N (R2 = 0,81). Die komplette Resektion isolierter Lungenmetastasen nach Mammacarcinom führt zu einer ausgeprägten Lebensverlängerung bei geringer Morbidität. Das Thoraxröntgen stellt daher einen unverzichtbaren Bestandteil des onkologischen Nachsorgeprogramms nach Mammacarcinom dar.
    Notes: Summary. At least 25 % of breast cancer patients develop distant metastases. In spite of increasingly sophisticated palliative therapies, the survival time of patients with metastasis did not appear to be significantly prolonged during the last 25 years (19–32 months following diagnosis) and 95 % of them die from metastatic disease. Therefore, it seems appropriate that the therapeutic risk/benefit ratio and impact on quality of life should be reassessed when asymptomatic patients are treated. Surgical treatment and pulmonary resection for metastatic disease has been proven a valuable therapeutic concept for a variety of malignancies. Three epidemiologically comparable collectives out of a total of 125 patients from our clinic were treated for isolated pulmonary metastasis following breast cancer (observation period: 1977–1997). Complete data sets could be established for 96 patients and were retrospectively analyzed following stratification into three groups according to their surgical therapy. Twenty-eight patients underwent complete resection (K), 34 had incomplete resections (I) and 34 had no surgical intervention for lung metastases (N). Comparison of the three therapy arms concerning stage, histology and receptor levels of the primary tumor, number of metastases, and the disease-free interval yielded no significant differences between groups K, I and N. Patients after complete resection of isolated lung metastases (group K) had a mean survival of 79 months (5-year survival 80 %, 10-year survival 60 %). This was significantly better than groups I and N (P 〈 0.00002). The mean survival of groups I and N was not significantly different (15.5 and 9 months respectively). The disease-free interval after operation of the primary tumor had no impact on the survival of group K, but showed a high correlation with the survival of group N (R 2 = 0.81). Complete resection of isolated pulmonary metastases from carcinoma of the breast results in marked prolongation of survival with a low morbidity rate. Hence, routine chest X-ray should be considered an indispensable part of the oncological aftercare in breast cancer patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1436-6274
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Distale Radiusfrakturen ; Multizentrische prospektive Studie ; Differenzierte Behandlungsindikation ; Key words Distal radial fractures ; Clinical trial ; Primary treatment results
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: During a prospective clinical trial with 17 German clinics participating, we examined the indications and treatment methods of 646 distal radial fractures. Criteria for assessment of primary treatment results were collected and integrated in a clinical score.
    Notes: Im Rahmen einer multizentrischen, prospektiven, klinischen Studie aus 17 deutschen Kliniken wurde bei 646 dokumentierten distalen Radiusfrakturen des Erwachsenen eine dem Frakturtyp entsprechende Behandlungsindikation bzw. ein passendes Therapieverfahren gewählt. Der Erfolg der primären Behandlung wurde ausgewertet, indem ein praxisbezogener Score erstellt wurde.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Key words. Bithorax complex; chromatin domain boundary; insulator; Fab-7; Mcp; scs; scs′; suppressor of Hairy-wing.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Eukaryotic chromosomes are thought to be organized into a series of discrete higher-order chromatin domains. This organization is believed to be important not only in the compaction of the chromatin fibre, but also in the utilization of genetic information. Critical to this model are the domain boundaries that delimit and segregate the chromosomes into units of independent gene activity. In Drosophila, such domain boundaries have been identified through two different approaches. On the one hand, elements like scs/scs′ and the reiterated binding site for the SU(HW) protein have been characterized through their activity of impeding enhancer-promoter interactions when intercalated between them. Their role of chromatin insulators can protect transgenes from genomic position effects, thereby establishing in dependent functional domains within the chromosome. On the other hand, domain boundaries of the Bithorax complex (BX-C) like Fab-7 and Mcp have been identified through mutational analysis. Mcp and Fab-7, however, may represent a specific class of boundary elements; instead of separating adjacent domains that contain separate structural genes, Mcp and Fab-7 delimit adjacent cis-regulatory domains, each of which interacts independently with their target promoters. In this article, we review the genetic and molecular characteristics of the domain boundaries of the BX-C. We describe how Fab-7 functions to confine activating as well as repressive signals to the flanking regulatory domains. Although the mechanisms by which Fab-7 works as a domain boundary remain an open issue, we provide preliminary evidence that Fab-7 is not a mere insulator like scs or the reiterated binding site for the SU(HW) protein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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