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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 56 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0340-1855
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Psychoneuroimmunologie – autonomes Nervensystem – Azetylcholin – Katecholamine – Immunregulation ; Key words Psychoneuroimmunology – autonomic nervous system – catecholamines – acetylcholine – immunoregulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Starting out from our previous observations that defects in the immune system – brain feedback predispose to pathogenic immune responses, our interest focusses at the roles of adrenergic/cholinergic neurotransmitters in brain – immune interactions. We have shown in rodent models that 1) both catecholamines and acetylcholine are potent modulators of peripheral immune functions, 2) cholinergic signals are involved in the afferent signalling of the immune system, and 3) lymphocytes not only express functional adrenergic and cholinergic receptors, but synthesize and release neurotransmitters, such as acetylcholine, in quantitative dependence of differentiation and activation. Studies are presently being initiated to investigate the role(s) of these non-neural neurotransmitters within immune tissues, and to explore the relevance of excitatory amino acids as important central neurotransmitters in the brain – immune system dialogue.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Ausgehend von vorangegangenen Befunden, wonach Störungen des Feedbacks zwischen Immunsystem und Gehirn zu pathogenen Immunreaktionen prädisponieren, konzentriert sich unser Interesse auf die Rolle von adrenergen/cholinergen Neurotransmittern im Rahmen der Neuroimmunomodulation. Die Daten im Ratten- und Mausmodell zeigen, dass 1) sowohl Katecholamine als auch Azetylcholin potente immunregulatorische Eigenschaften besitzen, 2) cholinerge Mechanismen entscheidend an den afferenten Signalen des aktivierten Immunsystems beteiligt sind, und 3) Lymphozyten nicht nur funktionelle adrenerge/cholinerge Rezeptoren exprimieren, sondern auch in der Lage sind, Neurotransmitter, wie Azetylcholin, zu synthetisieren und in quantitativer Abhängigkeit des zellulären Aktivierungszustandes zu sezernieren. Laufende Untersuchungen haben zum Ziel, die Rolle dieser nicht neuronalen Neurotransmitter in Immungewegen, sowie die Relevanz exzitatorischer Aminosäuren als wichtige zentrale Neurotransmitter im Rahmen des Dialoges Gehirn-Immunsystem aufzuklären.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Immunoenhancingin vivo effects of beta-adrenergic blockers have been previously ascribed to a reduced beta-receptor-mediated immunosuppression. In the present study using a whole blood stimulation assay, the effects of a five-day treatment with the purified (R)- or (S)-isomer of propranolol (3×40 mg/day) on the polyclonalin vitro responsiveness of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of normothyroid and hyperthyroid persons were assessed. It is shown that both isomers likewise exhibit a significant enhancing effect on the proliferative response of PBL to T and B cell mitogens, which strongly argues for nonspecific effects of propranolol to be responsible rather than a specific beta-adrenergic receptor blockade.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: affinity chromatography ; breast cancer ; immunoglobulin G subclasses ; sensitivity ; specificity ; tumor marker, %IgG1
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The diagnostic value of the decrease in percentage of immunoglobulin G1 (%IgG1) in breast cancer was analyzed with special emphasis on early tumor stages. IgG1 and total IgG were preoperatively measured in the sera of a total of 801 individuals using a modified quantitative affinity chromatography. Group A consisted of 174 healthy individuals of both sexes, group B of 324 female patients with benign breast disease, and group C of 303 patients with invasive and non-invasive breast cancer. Within group C, 13 patients presented with intraductal carcinoma, and 22 patients with a pT1a-tumour (diameter less than 0.5 cm). The %IgG1 values were compared among groups A, B and C. In addition, correlations were sought between %IgG1 values of group C and tumor size, stage (UICC), histopathological grade and oestrogen (ER) and progesteron receptor (PR) expression. The mean value of %IgG1 in group A was 63.3 ± 0.5 s.e.m., in group B 57.75 ± 0.4 s.e.m. and in group C 52.37 ± 0.5 s.e.m. The differences of mean values were highly significant between all three groups. Sensitivity and specificity of %IgG1 to discriminate between group A and C were 75% and 87%, and between group B and C 62% and 63%, respectively. The significant decrease of %IgG1 in total serum IgG is able to distinguish patients with breast cancer of more than 5 mm in diameter from healthy controls and patients with benign breast diseases. Finally, calculated posterior probabilities revealed that within certain concentration limits %IgG1 may provide predictive information with high xprobabilities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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