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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Generation and Metabolism of Leukotrienes and Release of Histamine from Human Dispersed Tonsillar Cells (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 27 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We studied the generation and metabolism of leukotrienes (LT) and the release of histamine by human tonsillar cell suspensions. Human tonsils were dissected and mechanically dispersed. This procedure yielded a single cell suspension with 1.6±0.5×108 cells/g tissue consisting of 97.3±0.4% lymphocytes, 1.4±0.3% granulocytes, 1.3±0.3% macrophages/monocytes, and 0.03±0.02% mast cells/basophils. The cells were stimulated either with Ca-ionophore A 23187, melittin, or anti-human IgE. Determination of the 5-Lipoxygenase products LTB4 and LTC4 was performed with specific radioimmunoassays (RIA), and histamine release was measured by the fluorophotometric technique. A time-and dose-dependent release of the mediators was monitored LTB4 exceeded the amount of LTC4 in the supernatants. The concentration of leukotrienes ranged between 0.8 and 5.4 ng LTB4/1×108 cells or 0.5 and 1.5 ng LTC4/1×108 cells, depending on the stimulus. Histamine release after stimulation ranged between 25 and 35% of the total histamine content, whereas buffer controls amounted to 17%. The incubation of the cells (1×108) with exogenously added LTB4 resulted in the formation of ω-oxidated products (20-OH and 20-COOH-LTB4) and a novel unpolar metabolite, as identified by thin layer chromatography. This metabolite was not immunoreactive in the LTB4-RIA used. LTC4 and LTD4 were converted into LTE4 when added either to sonicated cells or to the cell-free supernatants of prestimulated tonsillar cells, indicating the release of γ-glutamytranspeptidase and dipeptidase, respectively. Our data clearly demonstrate the generation and metabolism of the 54-lipoxygenase products LTB4 and LTC4 as well as the release of histamine from human dispersed tonsillar cells, suggesting that they have a modulatory function with respect to the inflammatory potential at local sites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1988.tb02371.x
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Bedeutung der Leukotriene bei chronischen Atemwegserkrankungen im Kindesalter (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 64 (1986), S. 257-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Asthma ; Bronchitis ; Leukotrienes ; HPLC ; RIA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The role of lipoxygenase products was studied in children suffering from chronic diseases of the lung. Leukotrienes C4, D4, E4 and B4 were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and a specific radioimmunoassay (RIA) for C4. Elevated levels (up to 40 ng/ml), especially for leukotriene E4, were found in plasma of asthmatic and bronchitic patients (leukotriene C4 concentrations varied between 0.05 and 40 ng/ml, mean 4.9±7.8 ng/ml). In healthy donors the concentrations were below the detection limits of HPLC, leukotriene C4 ranging between 5±4 ng/ml (RIA data). The conversion of leukotriene C4 to D4 and E4 was observed by incubating the samples with synthetic leukotriene C4. The half-life of leukotriene C4 in plasma varied greatly, ranging from 〈12 min to 72 min (mean 39±16 min). Bronchial lavages yielded leukotriene C4 concentrations of 0.2 to 7 ng. Leukotriene E4 was detected in 10 of 41 cases. Conversion of leukotriene C4 did not occur in 50% of all cases, but was regularly observed in putrid lavages. These data suggest that leukotrienes play an important role in allergic and infectious lung diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01711931
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treatment of hypertension (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 64 (1986), S. 1229-1236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: High blood pressure ; Epidemiologic study ; Treatment ; Control ; Drug utilization ; Electrocardiogram
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the Munich Blood Pressure Study (MBS), a cross-sectional study (MBS I) with follow-up (MBS II) of a random sample of 3,198 citizens aged 30–69 (response rate, 69.3%), treatment and control of hypertension were examined. Of the actual hypertensives 59% (221) in MBS II (373) were on drug treatment and about two-thirds (150) of those being treated had controlled blood pressure (BP). Women's BP was better controlled than men's. Of the 221 treated hypertensives 85% (188) received types of drugs or drug combinations which were in accordance with the recommendations of the German Hypertension League. However, this did not apply to the prescribed dosages of the various drugs. Of the treated hypertensives 52% were either on a diuretic, on a beta-blocker, or on a combination of both drugs. Rauwolfia alkaloids combined with a diuretic were given to 27%. In 79% of the participants who had received a beta-blocker either alone or in combination with other antihypertensive agents and who still had high BP values, the prescribed beta-blocker dosage was below the recommended daily dose. Fatigue was the most frequently reported symptom, possibly attributable to antihypertensive drug treatment. Electrocardiographic signs of left ventricular hypertrophy were found less frequently in controlled hypertensives, in comparison to treated but uncontrolled hypertensives or untreated hypertensives.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01734464
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determinanten von Digoxin-und Digitoxinplasmakonzentrationen bei älteren Patienten (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 65 (1987), S. 1073-1080 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Digoxin derivatives ; Digitoxin ; Variables determining plasma concentration ; Multiple linear regression analyses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 1063 patients (≥60 years, 531 men, 532 women) the plasma concentration during digitalis maintenance therapy (metildigoxin, n=356, beta-acetyldigoxin, n=359, and digitoxin, n=348) was determined and related to sex, age, body weight, serum potassium, renal function and the prescribed daily maintenance dose. Classification of treatment groups according to renal function (Crea ≤1.3 mg/dl//〉 1.3 mg/dl) did not show any difference of the mean maintenance doses. In multiple linear regression analyses only a weak relationship between plasma digitalis concentration and the studied variables was found, which could be equally attributed to dose, creatinine and serum potassium in the digoxin derivative groups, whereas for digitoxin only body weight had a significant effect on the plasma concentration. During a maintenance dose of 0.07 or 0.1 mg/die which was given to 87% of patients in the digitoxin group, 70% were found to have plasma levels within the therapeutic range.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01736113
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of ‘pityol’ and ‘grandisol’ as pheromone components of the bark beetle, Pityophthorus pityographus (1987)
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 74 (1987), S. 343-345 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00367933
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The synthesis of caffeic acid esters, a new group of naturally occurring contact allergens (1989)
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 76 (1989), S. 426-427 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00366169
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über die Abhängigkeit des Geburtsgewichtes des Neugeborenen vom Vitamin-Gehalt der Mütterlichen Nahrung (1923)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 2 (1923), S. 2077-2079 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01726348
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of convective clouds on the large-scale vorticity budget (1989)
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 41 (1989), S. 213-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Summary The effects of clouds on the large-scale vorticity budget are parameterized in terms of cloud mass flux and momentum differences between the cloud ensemble and the large-scale environment. The cloud mass flux distribution is calculated using the parameterization scheme of Arakawa and Schubert (1974). For the determination of the momentum effects of a cloud ensemble, three different parameterization concepts are developed: first, constant momentum in the cloud which is injected from the environment in the convergence layer of the lower troposphere; second, a generation of a vortex couplet induced by the tilting of horizontal vorticity components; third, drag effects of clouds which interact with the large-scale flow. The computed momentum effects from each of the three parameterizations are compared with the residual of the large-scale vorticity budget for B/C-scale observations during GATE 74 Phase III using a composite technique. With moderate convection and wind shear best results are achieved by the description of the vortex couplet; intense convection and small wind shear are best explained by the constant cloud momentum model; the drag of the clouds on the large-scale flow appears to dominate during periods of weak convection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01026111
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monoclonal murine anti-DNP IgE:in vitro histamine release of rat mast cells in the presence of reaginic rat and mouse sera (1985)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 16 (1985), S. 485-490 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Mast cells from normal rats and animals reinfected withNippostrongylus brasiliensis (N.b.) were sensitizedin vitro with monoclonal anti-DNP mouse IgE, reaginic mouse serum with ovalbumin (OA) specificity and reaginic rat serum against N.b. The sensitized cells were triggered for the release of histamine with DNP-bovine-serum-albumin (DNP-BSA), OA, N.b.-homogenate and guinea-pig antimouse IgE. The histamine release from normal mast cells sensitized with monoclonal mouse IgE was inhibited either with N.b.-reaginic rat serum or OA-reaginic mouse IgE (30μg/105 mast cells) completely densensitized mast cells from reinfected rats for specific histamine release in the presence of either N.b.-antigen or DNP-BSA. Anti-mouse IgE which was prepared by monoclonal mouse IgE did not bind to rat mast cells sensitized with rat IgE as was revealed by immunofluorescence experiments. Consequently we observed that anti-mouse IgE failed to trigger the histamine release from mast cells of reinfected rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01983651
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells by a factor from human serum — identification as transferrin (1986)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 19 (1986), S. 10-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Recently, we described the presence of a blocking factor (BF) in rat serum which inhibited the histamine release from rat mast cellsin vivo andin vitro. The blocking activity was demonstrated in human serum as well. Purification of the human-BF was carried out in a similar way as previously described for the rodent molecule. Both protein fractions produced a marked suppression of histamine release from rat mast cells and human basophils in a dose-dependent fashion. Qualitative analysis of the purified preparations demonstrated a major component with a molecular weight of 70 000 daltons. In human serum the blocking factor was identified as transferrin by serological and biochemical methods. It is suggested that this molecule may play an important role in regulating histamine release during allergic and inflammatory reactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01977250
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