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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Osteosarcoma ; Chemotherapy ; Electronmicroscopy ; Histochemistry ; Autoradiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twelve osteosarcomas treated according to the COSS 80 protocol (preoperative chemotherapy, resection) were studied by light and electron microscopic, histochemical, and autoradiographic methods. Evidence of regressive and necrotic changes was found in many tumor cells, but the alterations were unspecific. Viable tumor cells of high malignancy were also observed regularly, often at the S phase. As the tumor regression continued, a strong reaction of the mononuclear phagocyte system was manifested by the presence of macrophages and giant cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Multidrug resistance ; P-glycoprotein Neuroblastoma ; Nephroblastoma ; Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We evaluated the expression of MDR1/p-glycoprotein in paediatric tumours using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), RNA dot blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry on formalin fixed paraffin-embedded material with JSB-1 and C-219 monoclonal antibodies, and compared these three techniques. The expression of multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) gene was examined by RT-PCR assay. We studied MDR1/p-glycoprotein and MRP expression in 13 samples from 10 neuroblastoma patients, 11 samples from 10 nephroblastoma patients, 2 rhabdomyosarcomas, 1 adrenocortical carcinoma and 10 benign tumours or tumour-like lesions. Eleven of 13 neuroblastomas, 7 of 11 nephroblastomas, 2 rhabdomyosarcomas, 1 adrenocortical carcinoma, and 7 of 10 benign tumours or tumour-like lesions showed MDR1 PCR products. By RNA dot blot analysis, MDR1 transcripts were detectable in 11 of 34 specimens. Immunohistochemically, we detected positive reaction products for JSB-1 in 26 of 36 samples. There was a significant correlation between the immunoreactivity for JSB-1 and the expression of MDR1 mRNA expression by RTPCR (P=0.0001). However, the presence of p-glycoprotein immunostaining does not correlate with the MDR1 expression shown by RT-PCR in every case. As for MRP mRNA expression, 9 of 13 neuroblastomas and 10 of 11 nephroblastomas revealed PCR products.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 118 (1992), S. 72-74 
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Ewing's sarcoma ; (Sub)periosteal ; Differential diagnosis ; Prognostic factors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Ewing's sarcoma is a small malignant round-cell tumour that arises from mesenchymal cells, predominantly in the medullary cavity of bone. In exceptional cases it originates in the soft tissues and subsequently invades the underlying bone. A (sub)periosteal origin of Ewing's sarcoma is a very rare condition: only a few cases have been published so far. Three cases of (sub)periosteal Ewing's sarcoma, having received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy as well as wide excision, are reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: P glycoprotein ; Ewing's sarcoma ; Multidrug resistance ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Increased expression of P glycoprotein is associated with multidrug resistance in many cell lines. P glycoprotein has been detected in different human tumors. To assess the implication of multidrug resistance in the prognosis of Ewing's sarcoma the expression of P glycoprotein was studied immunohistochemically in pre- and post-therapeutic tumor tissues of 21 cases treated according to the CESS 81 or 86 protocol. The response to chemotherapy was evaluated histologically. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded and fresh frozen sections were immunostained with a monoclonal antibody to P glycoprotein, clone JSB 1, using the double APAAP method. P glycoprotein was detected in 12 cases of 21 (57%) in either pre- or postchemotherapy tumor tissues. From the 21 cases 8 revealed a good morphological response to chemotherapy (33%); 10 of the 13 non-responders were positive for P glycoprotein (77%), but only 2 of the 8 responders (25%). The difference was statistically significant (P〈0.05). Comparing P glycoprotein expression with the clinical outcome, we found that 7 of 12 positive cases had died (58%). From the negative cases only 3 of 9 had died (33%). However, judged by the the Kaplan Meyer life tables, these data were not significant. In conclusion our results suggest that the immunodetection of P glycoprotein indicates a poor response to chemotherapy and probably a bad clinical outcome for Ewing's sarcoma patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Osteosarcoma ; Chemotherapy ; Collagen analysis ; Differentiation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The authors studied effect of chemotherapy on osteosarcoma by collagen analysis. As a result of this case study we propose the induction of osteosarcoma differentiation by chemotherapy. Treatment of a conventional osteosarcoma with two intra-arterial infusions of cisplatin and the T-12 protocol of Rosen resulted in sclerotic changes and good margination accompanied by the disappearance of the soft-tissue component from the X-rays. More than 90% tumour destruction was histologically demonstrated; tumour bone and osteoid increased after the chemotherapy, and the viable area of the tumour resembled an osteoblastoma. Before the chemotherapy, immunolocalization determined collagen types I and V to be diffusely present in the bone and osteoid. After the chemotherapy, the antibody to type I collagen was diffusely present, but the antibody to type V collagen occurred only on the surface of the increased bone and osteoid as in normal bone. When osteosarcoma cells were treated in vitro with methotrexate or cisplatin, collagen production increased significantly. It is thus believed that tumour cells were directly stimulated with these chemotherapeutic agents to produce collagen. The findings suggested that some anticancer agents might not only be cytotoxic to but also differentiate osteosarcoma cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 113 (1987), S. 241-248 
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Osteosarcoma ; Chemotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Osteosarcoma is known to metastasize rather early, and even after surgical resection of the primary metastases may occur predominantly in the lung. Administration of polychemotherapy for destruction of micrometastases has served to improve prognosis. Preoperative chemotherapy facilitates the evaluation of regression, another factor of high prognostic relevance. Morphologic analysis of pulmonary metastases developing during chemotherapy is of considerable interest on account of the potential therapy resistance of certain histologic subtypes of osteosarcoma. In the present study pulmonary metastases resected in 20 thoracotomies of 15 osteosarcoma patients were investigated by light microscopy and compared, if possible, to the respective primaries. All patients had received chemotherapy, predominantly according to the COSS 80 and COSS 82 protocols. The histologic picture of a tumor was found to change from the primary to the pulmonary metastasis, a pattern also verified in the lung metastases collected in consecutive thoracotomies from the same patient. Several different subtypes were regularly found side by side in the metastases, but generally no special sensitivity or resistance to chemotherapy could be attributed to any of these subtypes. Our results nevertheless do indicate an increased resistance of anaplastic tumor tissue. The response to chemotherapy agreed in 9 of 10 primaries with that of their metastases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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