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  • Chemistry  (41)
  • Children  (6)
  • Glutathione peroxidase  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serum zinc concentration during childhood (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 126 (1977), S. 199-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Zinc ; Serum ; Normal values ; Children ; Infants ; Cord blood ; Adults
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Serum zinc concentrations in subjects of different ages were estimated by neutron activation analysis to obtain reliable reference values for the diagnosis of primary or secondary zinc deficiency during childhood. In these healthy individuals a small age-dependent variation of the mean values was found. Serum zinc concentrations were lower in cord blood (mean value: 880×10−9 g/ml) and in infants (mean value: 820×10−9 g/ml) than in adults (mean value 1178×10−9 g/ml). In comparison to these values, the serum zinc concentration in a patient with secondary zinc deficiency and 4 patients with acrodermatitis enteropathica was reduced to about 25% of normal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00477045
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selenium intake of infants and young children, healthy children and dietetically treated patients with phenylketonuria (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 143 (1984), S. 99-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Selenium ; Intake ; Children ; Phenylketonuria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In 20 healthy infants and children, 5–20 months old, the Se intake was estimated by analysing food samples by instrumental neutron activation analysis. The intake was calculated by weighing the portions offered and actually consumed. The median Se content of the food amounted to 27 ng/g wet weight (gww) and median daily Se intake to 33.5 μg. The Se intake was not equally distributed over the day. About 50% of the daily Se intake was derived from the supper. The main Se sources (41%) for young children were cereal paps. Commercially, available meals (30 ng/g) contained less Se than home-made ones (50 ng/g). In nine dietetically treated patients with phenylketonuria the median Se intake amounted only to 6.9 μg/day corresponding to a mean Se content of the diet of 7.9 ng/g. The main Se source in the diet was vegetables (36.3%) and 20% derived from their protein supplements. The Se intake of young children, healthy or dietetically treated, cannot be calculated accurately from tables but must be estimated by measuring the Se content of the local food because cereals and vegetables-the main Se sources-exhibit great regional variations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00445794
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The selenium state of healthy children (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 125 (1977), S. 81-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Selenium ; Glutathione peroxidase ; Normal values ; Blood ; Infants ; Children ; Milk ; Nutrition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The selenium concentration of serum is age-dependent. The median value at birth ( $$\tilde x$$ =50×10−9g/ml) amounts to half of the median value of adults ( $$\tilde x$$ =102×10−9g/ml). After a decrease in early infancy to $$\tilde x$$ =34×10−9g/ml it steadily increases to $$\tilde x$$ =58×10−9g/ml in the second half of the first year, to $$\tilde x$$ =82×10−9g/ml in 1–5 year old children, and to $$\tilde x$$ =92×10−9g/ml in school children. The activities of the selenium containing enzyme glutathione peroxidase of erythrocytes are also reduced in early infancy (x=7.2±0.36 U37/g Hb), whereas the enzyme activities of cord blood erythrocytes (x=8.72±0.76 U37/g Hb) are in the same range as those of older children or adults. The selenium content of some commercially available milk formulas for infants are lower than those of human and cow's milk.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00470608
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fatty acid composition of phospholipids of plasma and of mononuclear blood cells in children with allergic asthma and the influence of glucocorticoids (1990)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 149 (1990), S. 508-512 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Allergic asthma ; Children ; Phospholipids ; Fatty acids ; Glucocorticoids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Fatty acid (FA) composition of plasma phospholipids and phospholipids extracted from peripheral mononuclear white blood cells (MNC) was investigated in 11 allergic asthmatic children (age 8.9±4.6 years), in 10 age-matched non-allergic healthy controls and in 14 allergic and non-allergic children with an acute attack of asthma, who had received prednisolone medication for 2–4 days. In allergic asthmatics eicosapentaenoic acid (20∶5n−3) was significantly elevated in both plasma and MNC. The relative amount of 20∶5n−3 in MNC as well as in plasma correlated positively with increasing levels of total serum IgE (P〈0.02). The pattern of the other FAs in plasma and of MNC phospholipids did not differ between allergic asthmatic and non-allergic control children. In children with an acute attack of asthma, who had been treated with glucocorticoids (2 mg prednisolone/kg body weight for 2–4 days), distinct changes of relative FA composition of phospholipids were restricted to plasma, where some very long chain FA (22∶4n−6, 22∶5n−6) were elevated. No significant changes in FA from MNC phospholipids could be observed after glucocorticoid treatment. These findings may indicate a possible role of 20∶5n−3, the precursor of “group 3” eicosanoids, in allergic asthmatic children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01959406
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selenium requirements in patients with inborn errors of amino acid metabolism and selenium deficiency (1980)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 134 (1980), S. 65-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Selenium ; Glutathione peroxidase ; Selenium deficiency ; Selenium supplementation ; Nutrition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The diets of 5 patients with phenylketonuria or maple-syrup-urine disease were supplemented with yeast which was rich in selenium. For 120 days the patients received 45 μg Se/day to increase the Se content of their diets to 10–12ng Se/Kjoule. Before supplementation the selenium content of serum (5–15 ng/ml) and whole blood (10–27 ng/ml), and the activity of the erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (0.19–2.69 U37/g Hb), amounted to only 10–20% of normal. The serum selenium content reached normal values within 4 weeks of supplementation, followed by normalisation of the selenium content of whole blood within 4–8 weeks. Restoration of the activity of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase took 9 to 15 weeks —the red cell life span. There was a significant positive correlation between the selenium content of the erythrocytes and the activity of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00442405
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma glutathione peroxidase after selenium supplementation in patients with reduced selenium state (1982)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 138 (1982), S. 138-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Selenium ; Supplementation ; Plasma ; Glutathione peroxidase ; Glutathione S-transferase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The plasma glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) activity was measured in normal adults and children and in patients with reduced selenium state because of dietary treatment of metabolic diseases (phenylketonuria or maple-syrup-urine disease) before and after selenium supplementation. Besides GSHPx (measured with t-butyl hydroperoxide, cumene hydroperoxide and hydrogen peroxide as acceptor substrates) the activity of glutathione S-transferase was estimated in plasma. Plasma GSHPx activity in healthy children was significantly lower than in healthy adults. In 11 dietetically treated patients with phenylketonuria or maple-syrup-urine disease the plasma GSHPx was reduced to about 17% of the values of healthy children of the same age. No glutathione S-transferase activity could be found in plasma of children in normal or reduced Se state. During administration of yeast rich in Se (200μg Se/d) for 90 days 2 healthy adults showed no significant change of plasma GSHPx activity. During Se supplementation (75–100μg Se/d) for 120–163 days 5 dietetically treated patients with PKU or MSUD exhibited a significant increase of plasma GSHPx activity within 2 days. The values reached a plateau after 1 to 3 weeks of supplementation and remained at this level within the following 4 to 5 months. Therefore, the activity of plasma glutathione peroxidase can be used as an indicator of short-term changes of selenium intake in selenium deficient individuals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00441140
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hair selenium content during infancy and childhood (1982)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 139 (1982), S. 295-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Selenium ; Hair ; Infants ; Children
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Hair selenium content was estimated by instrumental neutron activation analysis in Libyan infants and children. There was no significant difference between the values of young infants from North and South Libya. The hair selenium content rapidly decreased from 1071 ±75 ng/g in newborns to 301±99 ng/g in 7–10 months old infants in North Libya and to 557±204 ng/g in South Libya. In North Libya the values of preschool children were 409±117 ng/g and those of school children 464±124 ng/g.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00442184
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fatty acid composition of plasma lipids in Nigerian children with protein-energy malnutrition (1986)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 145 (1986), S. 109-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Essential fatty acids ; Delta-6-desaturase ; Nigeria ; Protein energy malnutrition ; Children
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The fatty acid (FA) composition of the main plasma lipids was analysed in eight well-nourished, generally healthy Nigerian children aged 14.1±7.2 months and in 17 malnourished children (8 marasmus, 9 kwashiorkor) aged 14.6±3.8 months within the first 2 days of admission at the Dept. of Child Health, University of Benin. In comparison to the control group, the malnourished children showed a marked decrease of polyunsaturated FA with low linoleic acid, mainly in sterolesters (STE), and severely reduced linoleic acid metabolites, including arachidonic acid, in all lipid fractions. ω-3-FA were not altered except for a reduction of docosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids in phospholipids. Clearly increased values were found for saturated FA in STE and for the non-essential monoenoic FA in all lipid classes. This pattern indicates the presence of essential fatty acid deficiency in the malnourished children. There was no significant difference between marasmus and kwashiorkor. Eight malnourished children were followed up in the early phase of recovery during hospital treatment 14.0±3.1 days after obtaining the first sample. Linoleic acid had increased again in STE, but its metabolites were as low or even lower than before. An impaired activity of delta-6-desaturase, the rate limiting enzyme of linoleic acid metabolism, in suggested by elevated substrate-product-ratios of this enzyme in untreated children with protein energy malnutrition and in the early phase of recovery, which may be due to low insulin levels, protein and zinc deficiency. The trientetraen-ratio (20∶3ω9/20∶4ω6) thus is not a reliable indicator of essential FA status in protein-energy malnutrition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00441868
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Herstellung und Eigenschaften von Aluminiumaquoxid. I. Böhmit aus Aluminiumnitrat und Ammoniakwasser (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 579 (1989), S. 211-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Preparation and Properties of Aluminium Hydroxide. I. Boehmite from Aluminium Nitrate and AmmoniaThe physical-chemical properties of mainly boehmite containing aluminium hydroxide are studied which were made by continuous precipitation from aluminium nitrate solution with ammonia liquor using technical raw materials and test conditions being very similar to those applied in production. The influence of the precipitation conditions (pH value, temperature, concentration and residence time in the precipitation solution) on the composition, structure and texture of the precipitation products is investigated and information about their effect on the filtration behaviour are given.In the case of a continuous precipitation it is possible to obtain phase-pure boehmite being relatively well crystallised. The crystallinity and dispersity of the precipitated hydroxide determine their filterability and the cavity structure.
    Notes: Es werden die physikalisch-chemischen Eigenschaften von vorwiegend Böhmit enthaltenden Aluminiumaquoxiden untersucht, die durch kontinuierliches Fällen aus Aluminiumnitratlösung mit Ammoniakwasser unter Verwendung technischer Rohstoffe und bei produktionsnaher Versuchsführung hergestellt wurden. Der Einfluß der Fällbedingungen (pH-Wert, Temperatur, Konzentration und Verweilzeit in der Fällsuspension) auf die chemische Zusammensetzung, Struktur und Textur der Fällprodukte wird erforscht und über deren Auswirkung auf das Filtrationsverhalten berichtet. Im Unterschied zur diskontinuierlichen Arbeitsweise kann bei kontinuierlichem Fällen bereits nach kurzen Verweilzeiten phasenreiner, relativ gut kristalliner Böhmit erhalten werden, dessen Filtrierbarkeit mit den morphologischen Eigenschaften der Niederschläge variiert.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19895790125
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Untersuchungen an oxidischen Katalysatoren. XLVI. Synthetische Boroalumosilicate mit Pentasilstruktur (SABO): Strukturelle, oberflächenchemische und katalytische EigenschaftenProfessor Ch. M. Minačew zum 80. Geburtstage am 24. Dezember 1988 gewidmet (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 566 (1988), S. 39-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Studies on Oxide Catalysts. XLVI. Synthetic Boroaluminosilicates with Pentasil Structure (SABO): Structural, Surface Chemical, and Catalytical PropertiesA remarkable modification of ZSM-5 type zeolites is possible by isomorphous substitution of silicon and/or aluminium by boron. In the H-forms of these SABO zeolites the boron atoms mainly exist in a trigonal lattice oxygen environment and hence they are not envolved in the formation of Broensted acid sites. Consequences of incorporated boron for catalytic reactions result from a decrease in the strength of existing Broensted sites as well as from a partial lattice contraction.
    Notes: Eine bemerkenswerte Modifizierung von Zeolithen des ZSM-5-Typs gelingt auf dem Wege der isomorphen Substitution von Silicium und/oder Aluminium durch Bor. In den H-Formen derartiger SABO-Zeolithe liegt Bor bevorzugt in trigonaler Gittersauerstoffkoordination vor und ist 30mit an der Bildung von Brönsted-Säurezentren nicht beteiligt. Konsequenzen eines isomorphen Boreinbaus für katalytische Reaktionen ergeben sich im wesentlichen aus einer Verringerung der Stärke vorhandener Brönsted-Zentren sowie aus einer mehr oder weniger starken Gitterkontraktion.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19885660106
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