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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-Term Functional Effects of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Haemorrhage with Special Emphasis on the Patient's View (1999)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 141 (1999), S. 571-577 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Keywords: Aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage; long-term effects; quality of life; rehabilitation.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary  Although physical and emotional dysfunction appears to be quite frequent even among independent survivors of aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), these symptoms may easily be missed on routine follow-up examinations. To assess the long-term functional effects of SAH and to outline possible treatment approaches, a cross-sectional study using multidimensional measures of relevant areas of function was performed on 40 independent survivors. After an average follow-up period of 22 months, patients were selected and enrolled following a pre-designed protocol. The comprehensive test battery consisted of subjective and objective measures of physical, psychological and social function and relationships between the different levels of assessment were calculated. We found a considerable proportion of cognitive, emotional and physical dysfunction in this sample, but on the subjective level, the majority of the patients stated satisfaction with life in general. Mild cognitive dysfunction was frequently missed and causes distress in the family. Mild to moderate depression was underdiagnosed, although such an emotional dysfunction influences working capacity and quality of life. Referral to rehabilitation centers appears to be restricted to patients with severe impairments. Our results help to alert the neurosurgeon to these possible symptoms and show the urgent need for a prospective, interdisciplinary and multidimensional follow-up of SAH survivors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007010050345
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Botulinum A toxin injection in Focal hyperhidrosis (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 134 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1996.tb07974.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treatment of focal hyperhidrosis with botulinum toxin type A: long-term follow-up in 61 patients (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 145 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background The blocking action of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) on cholinergically innervated sweat glands has been used successfully to treat patients with focal hyperhidrosis. Objectives To investigate the long-term efficacy and safety of intradermal injections of BTX-A. Methods We performed an open-label study in 61 patients treated over a period of 3 years for axillary or palmar hyperhidrosis. A total dose of 400 mU BTX-A (Dysport®) was injected into both axillae or 460 mU BTX-A (Dysport®) into both palms. The injections were repeated after relapse. Objective quantification of sweat production was performed using digitized ninhydrin-stained sheets. Results Four weeks after BTX-A treatment the median reduction in sweat production was 71% compared with baseline (P 〈 0·001) in the axillary group and 42% (P = 0·005) in the palmar group. Subjective assessment of sweat production by the patients using a visual analogue scale (0, no sweating; 100, the most severe sweating) showed a significant reduction in both the axillary (P 〈 0·001) and palmar groups (P 〈 0·001). Secondary disturbances due to focal hyperhidrosis interfering with daily activities were markedly improved in both groups. The median time interval between the sets of injections was 34 weeks for axillary hyperhidrosis and 25 weeks for palmar hyperhidrosis. The treatment of palmar hyperhidrosis was complicated by transient but not disabling weakness of the small hand muscles in nine of 21 patients. Conclusions Repeated intradermal injections of BTX-A in patients with axillary and palmar hyperhidrosis are as effective as first treatments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.04349.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Double-blind trial of botulinum A toxin for the treatment of focal hyperhidrosis of the palms (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 136 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We performed a randomized double-blind study within-group comparison in 11 patients to study the effect of subcutaneous injections of botulinum A toxin in focal hyperhidrosis of the palms. A total dose of 120 mU (mouse units) of botulinum A toxin (Dysport®) was injected into six different sites on one palm, whereas the other was injected with sterile saline. Objective quantification of sweat production was performed using digitized ninhydrin-staincd sheets. Three weeks after treatment, the mean reduction of sweat production in the botulinum A toxin-treated palms was 26% (P〈0·001). after 8 weeks 26% (P= 0·002) and after 13 weeks 31% (P〈0·001).Subjective assessment of sweat production by the patients using a visual analogue scale showed a 38% improvement in the botulinum A toxin-treated palms at 3 weeks (P=0·002). 40% at 8 weeks (P=0·002) and 38% at 13 weeks (P= 0·002). Neither the objective measurement nor the subjective rating showed a statistically significant reduction of sweating in the placebo-treated palms. Three patients reported reversible minor weakness of powerful handgrip after injection at the toxin-treated site, lasting between 2 and 5 weeks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1997.d01-1233.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dose thresholds and local anhidrotic effect of botulinum A toxin injections (Dysport®) (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 145 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.04366.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Circadian secretion pattern of melatonin in Parkinson's disease (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 3 (1991), S. 41-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Melatonin ; Parkinson's disease ; 1-dopa
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Although several studies on the efficacy and the toxicity of exogenous melatonin in Parkinson patients have been carried out, there are no data available on melatonin secretion in these patients. We therefore performed a controlled trial in 9 Parkinson patients (aged 62.1±8.7 years, ×±SD) and in 14 control persons (58.0±10.4 years). Parkinson patients were treated with 1-dopa (300–1000 mg per day) in combination with a peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor (benserazide, carbidopa). 14 venous blood samples were taken from each person during a period of 24 hours in order to investigate the circadian secretion pattern of melatonin. Serum melatonin levels were estimated by radioimmuno assay. We found that the circadian secretion patterns of 1-dopa-treated Parkinson patients and age-matched controls were very similar except for a phase advance of the nocturnal melatonin elevation in the parkinsonian group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02251135
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physical activity and sports in patients suffering from Parkinson's disease in comparison with healthy seniors (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 5 (1993), S. 157-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Parkinson's disease ; sports ; physical activity ; exercise
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Physical activity during lifetime was investigated among 32 Parkinson patients (age 65.6±8.1 yrs, mean±SD) retrospectively by means of a structured interview. Data were compared with 31 healthy controls (age 61.7±5.8 yrs). An objective score was obtained by presenting a list of all kinds of sports, subjective estimation of physical activity was done by visual analogous scales. Until the occurrence of the first symptoms (mean=58.5 yrs) the patients did not differ from controls. During the course of disease a striking reduction in physical activity but no complete abandonment of sports was found. Swimming, hiking and gymnastics were the favoured sports in both groups. Learning of new sports seemed to be impossible for the patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02251206
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Circadian secretion pattern of melatonin in de novo Parkinsonian patients: evidence for phase-shifting properties of l-dopa (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 5 (1993), S. 227-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Melatonin ; Parkinson's disease ; l-dopa ; phase shift ; tremor ; human circadian rhythm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Aim of this study was the characterization of the circadian melatonin profile in de novo Parkinson patients (N=9, age 60.0±3.2 years, mean ± SEM) and the comparison of these profiles with those of controls and Parkinson patients treated with I-dopa/decarboxylase inhibitor (l-dopa/DCI). We collected 14 venous blood samples during a period of 24 hours and measured the serum melatonin levels by a radioimmuno assay. De novo Parkinson patients displayed the nocturnal melatonin peak (acrophase) at the same time as controls and significantly later than l-dopa/DCI treated patients (1:54±15.6 min [average clock time ± SEM in minutes] vs. 1:45±15.6 min vs. 0:13±40.8 min). The amount of secreted melatonin did not differ among the three groups. Stage and duration of Parkinson's disease did not correlate with the amount of secreted melatonin. Patients of the tremor subgroup, however, secreted more melatonin than patients presenting only with rigidity and akinesia. The phase advance in Parkinson patients treated with l-dopa/DCI is possibly due to a central nervous dopaminergic effect elicited by l-dopa administration and not inherent to Parkinson's disease per se.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02257677
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Initiation of visual-guided random saccades and remembered saccades in parkinsonian patients with severe motor-fluctuations (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 7 (1994), S. 101-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Saccades ; Parkinson's disease ; fluctuations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We studied the initiation of saccades to visual-guided random time and remembered targets in a group of nine Parkinsonian patients with severe motor fluctuations and in 9 age matched control subjects. In contrast to a marked skeletomotor improvement during the “on” condition, saccadic latencies for both visual-guided random saccades and remembered saccades were increased in the patients during the “on” condition compared to the “off” condition. This result of dissociation between skeletomotor and oculomotor function indicates that common concepts of saccadic initiation in parkinsonian patients do not hold true in patients with severe fluctuations since dopaminergic stimulation seems to increase saccadic latencies in these patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02260964
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Torticollis spasmodicus, Blepharospasmus und hemifazialer Spasmus Subjektive Bewertung der Therapie durch Patienten (1999)
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 70 (1999), S. 903-908 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Torticollis spasmodicus ; Blepharospasmus ; Hemifazialer Spasmus ; Therapien ; Botulinumtoxin ; Key words Spasmodic torticollis ; Blepharospasm ; Hemifacial spasm ; Therapies ; Botulinum toxin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Injections with botulinum toxin type A (BTX) are considered the first-line treatment for spasmodic torticollis (ST), blepharospasm (BL) and hemifacial spasm (HFS). Because BTX brings only temporary and partial relief, patients frequently try other additional therapies to minimize their symptoms. The subjective rating of all therapies ever tried by patients with ST, BL and HFS was evaluated by using a simple questionnaire. Two hundred questionnaires were considered (112 TS, 54 BL, 34 HFS). BTX was rated subjectively the best therapy in all three diagnostic groups (median: 2=good effect). Despite Citalopram and physiotherapy (median: 3=average effect), all other therapies were rated with a median of ≥4 (=minimal effect). Patients with ST tried 7.7, patients with BL 2.4 and patients with HFS 2.6 different types of therapy. In conclusion, BTX is the most effective treatment for patients with ST, BL and HFS, as rated subjectively. Further evaluation of therapies additional to BTX injections is recommended.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Botulinumtoxinbehandlung (BTX) gilt als Therapie der Wahl bei Torticollis spasmodicus (TS), Blepharospasmus (BL) und hemifazialem Spasmus (HFS). Da bestehende Beschwerden mit BTX meist nur vorübergehend und manchmal nicht im ganzen Ausmaß beseitigt werden können, werden von Patienten immer wieder andere Behandlungsformen versucht. Mit einem einfachen Fragebogen wurde von Patienten mit TS, BL und HFS eine subjektive Beurteilung aller bisher versuchten Therapien eingeholt. Ausgewertet wurden 200 Fragebögen (112 TS, 54 BL, 34 HFS). BTX wurde in allen drei Diagnosegruppen als subjektiv wirksamste Therapie bewertet (Median: 2=gute Wirkung). Abgesehen von Citalopram und Physiotherapie (Median: 3=durchschnittliche Wirkung) beim TS wurden alle anderen Therapien mit einem Median von ≥4 (=minimale Wirkung) bewertet. Patienten mit TS haben im Durchschnitt 7,7, Patienten mit BL 2,4 und mit HFS 2,6 Behandlungsformen ausprobiert. Zusammenfassend ist BTX die subjektiv wirksamste Behandlung bei Patienten mit TS, BL und HFS. Weitere Untersuchungen über ergänzende Begleittherapien zur BTX-Behandlung sind erforderlich.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001150050594
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