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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Type 1 diabetes and the HLA-D locus (1980)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 18 (1980), S. 41-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Genetic susceptibility in diabetes ; Type 1 diabetes ; the HLA system in diabetes ; HLA-DW typing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary HLA-D specificities have been investigated in 58 classical Type 1 diabetics and 43 healthy subjects. Both groups were selected according to the HLA-B locus antigens which are known to have a significant positive or negative association with the disease. The results indicate that (1) the primary association of the disease is with HLA-DW3, (2) the increased frequency of DW4 in diabetics with rare exception is co-existent with the presence of DW3, (3) the low frequency of DW2 is secondary to the increase in DW3 and/or DW4, and is not consistent with a primary ‘protective’ role. It is suggested that these data support the hypothesis of interaction between HLA-linked genes operating by separate mechanisms to confer the susceptibility to young onset Type 1 diabetes (Type 1 A).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01228300
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A DR3-related DXα gene polymorphism strongly associates with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (1986)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 23 (1986), S. 47-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract HLA-DQα and HLA-DXα gene polymorphisms were analyzed by Southern blot techniques in 78 Caucasoid insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) subjects and 55 control subjects. Five restriction fragment length polymorphisms of the HLA-DQ α gene correlated with HLA-DR typing. Two allelic DX α-related gene fragments, of 2.1 kb (U) and 1.9 kb (L) in size were identified. Genotype frequencies in the IDDM group for UU, UL, and LL were 54%, 38.5%, and 7.5%, respectively, whereas the corresponding frequencies in the control group were 24%,40%, and 36% (P 〈 0.00005 for differences in genotype frequencies). The U allele was associated particularly with IDDM patients who were DR3, with healthy controls who were DR3, as well as with IDDM patients who were not DR3. Thus, if this DX α U allele is not the DR3-associated IDDM susceptibility gene, it is the closest marker hitherto studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00376521
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    2′–5′ oligoadenylate synthetase and its relationship to HLA and genetic markers of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (1989)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 30 (1989), S. 427-431 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cytokines and their related enzyme pathways may play a part in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). We have therefore studied the activity of the enzyme 2′–5′ oligoadenylate synthetase (which is induced by both interferon and the tumour necrosis factors) in circulating mononuclear cells from 40 subjects with IDDM and 32 healthy control subjects. There was no difference in mean basal enzyme activity between the two groups. A polymorphism of the 2′–5′ oligoadenylate synthetase gene, not previously described, was found using the restriction enzymeBam HI. There was no association of 2′–5′ oligoadenylate synthetase genotypes with IDDM, but there was a significant correlation between basal 2′–5′ oligoadenylate synthetase activity and 2′–5′ oligoadenylate synthetase genotypes. Significantly higher mean basal levels of 2′–5′ oligoadenylate synthetase activity were associated with HLA-DQA 4.6 phenotype (determined using the restriction enzymeTaq 1 and a DQA probe) and HLA-DR3 (determined serologically), whereas significantly lower mean levels of enzyme activity were associated with HLA-DQA 5.5 and HLA-DR7, in both IDDM and control subjects. An analysis of variance confirmed that these associations were independent 2′–5′ oligoadenylate synthetase genotype. Likewise, a significantly higher mean level of enzyme activity was associated with the heterozygous 1/3 insulin-related genotype in the IDDM subjects only. This study therefore suggests that the possession of certainHLA haplotypes might be associated with differing levels of basal 2′–5′ oligoadenylate synthetase activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02421174
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DAG (Ly-6.2) effect on skin grafts, antibody and MLC utilizing congenic BALB.DAG (1981)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 12 (1981), S. 415-417 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01561681
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HLA-DR genotyping by restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses (1985)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 22 (1985), S. 231-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have established unique restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns characteristic of homozygous typing cells (HTCs) for HLA-DR-1 through HLA-DR-8 haplotypes. These RFLP patterns were found to segregate in family members and correlate 100% with HLA-DR antibody phenotyping. The RFLP patterns were used to type chronic myelocytic leukemic cells which have a Philadelphia translocation from 23 randomly selected Caucasoid patients. The results show an alternative method for the determination of the HLA-DR types without using live cells and to study disease association with the HLA-DR region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00404482
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    IMMUNOLOGICAL CROSS-REACTIVITY BETWEEN H-2DK PRODUCT AND DTIC - TREATED H - 2d LYMPHOMA (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of immunogenetics 9 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1744-313X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The experiments reported here concern the charcterization by techniques of in vitro cell-mediated immunity of the antigens induced by 5-(3,3'dimethyl-1-triazine)-imidazole-4-carboxamide (DTIC) on L1210, a chemically-induced lymphoma of DBA/2 mice (H-2d). This series of experiments with the DTIC-treated L1210 tumour show the presence of an H-2D'-like antigen which resembles the Dk gene product/s of the H-2k haplotype.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-313X.1982.tb01002.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS, TUMOURS AND VIRUSES (1980)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of immunogenetics 7 (1980), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1744-313X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-313X.1980.tb00702.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SEROLOGICAL AND IMMUNOCHEMICAL STUDIES OF H-2 ALLOSPECIFICITIES ON k36, A SYNGENEIC TUMOUR OF AKR (1980)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of immunogenetics 7 (1980), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1744-313X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Expression of H-2 antigenic specificities on K36, a spontaneous leukaemia originating from AKR (H-2k) mice, was studied by serology and immunochemistry. Two ascites lines of the tumour, as well as a tissue culture adjusted and cloned tumour line, were used in these studies with similar results being obtained.K36 expresses on its cell surface D-region encoded H-2K antigens but does not express K-region encoded H-2K alloantigens. It also expresses on its cell membrane, H-2 specificities of foreign haplotypes not present on normal AKR lymphoid cells. The molecular basis of the H-2Dd specificity on K36 (H-2k was analysed by immunoprecipitation and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The specificity was shown to be present on a glycoprotein of apparent molecular weight 45,000. However, antisera against the H-2Dd private specificity (H-2.4) precipitate additional glycoprotein of 45,000D and also 70,000D.In tryptic peptide maps of the isolated 45,000D fraction precipitated by anti-H-2.4 serum from radiolabelled K36 glycoprotein, all H-2Dd specific peptides were present in the same quantitative ratio. This is consistent with the structural identity of the foreign H-2Dd from the K36 tumour with normal H-2Dd and supports the hypothesis of a regulator system controlling the H-2 allelism. Under certain circumstances such a system could cause suppression of one and derepression of the other H-2 gene products.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-313X.1980.tb00703.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF BETA hCG, HLA AND OTHER MEMBRANE ANTIGEN EXPRESSION ON BLADDER TUMOURS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO TUMOUR INFILTRATING LYMPHOCYTES (TIL) (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of immunogenetics 16 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1744-313X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Expression of beta human chorionic gonadotropin (βhCG) by bladder tumours has been shown to be associated with increased metastases and resistance to treatment with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Preliminary results from typing frozen tumours using monoclonal antibodies against HLA determinants show reduced or lost expression of one or more antigens in two thirds of patients studied with a trend for more malignant behaviour and inability to generate tumour infiltrating lymphocyte expression using Interleukin-2 in those patients whose tumours demonstrate loss. In this series βhCG expression was only seen in a subgroup of those demonstrating loss of HLA antigen expression. Studies of βhCG secreting bladder cancer cell lines showed that it was possible to induce class II HLA antigen expression with gamma Interferon, and that this treatment but not alpha Interferon reduced βhCG production by the cell line.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-313X.1989.tb00485.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MODULATION OF THE EXPRESSION OF HLA CLASS II ANTIGENS BY GAMMA INTERFERON AND PHORBOL ESTER TPA ON MYELOID LEUKAEMIC CELL LINES (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of immunogenetics 13 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1744-313X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: We investigated the effect of gamma interferon and phorbol ester (TPA), on the expression of HLA class II molecules of myeloid leukaemic cell lines K562, U937, KG-1, HG60 and ML-2. Gamma interferon induced the expression of HLA-DR but not HLA-DQ on HL-60 and ML-2, increased the expression of HLA-DR and DQ on U937 and induced the expression of HLA-DQ on KG-1. TPA treatment did not affect the expression of HLA class II antigens on U937 and KG-I and induced the expression of HLA-DR and HLA-DQ on HL-60 and ML-2. TPA treatment did not affect the HLA phenotype of K562 but gamma interferon did induce HLA class I molecules. Thus, gamma interferon cannot only increase the expression of HLA products already expressed on the cells but can also induce the de novo synthesis of these molecules on myeloid leukaemic cell lines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-313X.1986.tb01109.x
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