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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The hyperfine structure in the electronic A 2E″←X 2E′ system of the pseudorotating lithium trimer (2001)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 115 (2001), S. 2590-2602 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Sub-Doppler laser spectroscopy of the A 2E″←X 2E′ band of Li3 shows well-resolved and characteristic hyperfine structures of rovibronic transitions which can be explained in all detail by the interplay between the underlying Fermi-contact interaction, the symmetry species of the rovibronic states and the Coriolis coupling of rotational and pseudorotational motions. Ab initio calculated electron spin densities reproduce the observed line splittings to within 3%. In this Jahn–Teller distorted molecule magnetic equivalence of identical nuclei is strictly valid only for rovibronic states of A symmetry. However, it also holds for rovibronic states of E symmetry if they are of pure A vibronic origin, and it is enforced for many E states of pure E vibronic origin by Coriolis coupling. In contrast, those transitions which involve states with dominant Kc=0 rotation functions and/or with strong vibronic E/A mixing show significant changes in the hyperfine patterns due to magnetic inequivalence, sometimes called "hyperfine doubling." © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1376631
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theoretical investigation of the autoionization process in molecular collision complexes: He*(2 3S)+Li(2 2S)→He+Li++e− (2000)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 113 (2000), S. 1484-1491 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A complete ab initio treatment is applied to the autoionization process in the He*(2s 3S)+Li(2s 2S) collisional complex. Feshbach projection based on orbital occupancy, implemented in a multireference configuration interaction (MRCI) code, defines the resonance state and provides the entrance channel potential curve as well as all pertinent information on the resonance–continuum coupling. The l-dependent coupling elements in local approximation are obtained by projecting a compact one-electron function, named Penning molecular orbital (PMO), onto the wave function of the ejected electron with proper energy. The continuum wave function is obtained by coupled channel calculations in the static-exchange approximation. A converged set of seven complex coupling matrix elements, used in the nuclear dynamics calculation based on a complex Numerov algorithm, fully describes the electron angular momentum transfer. The calculated angle-dependent spectra, as well as the total, angle-, and energy-integrated ionization cross sections agree well with available experimental data. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.481935
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrical characterization of vapor-phase-grown single-crystal ZnO (2002)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 80 (2002), S. 1340-1342 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Gold Schottky-barrier diodes (SBDs) were fabricated on vapor-phase-grown single-crystal ZnO. Deep-level transient spectroscopy, using these SBDs, revealed the presence of four electron traps, the major two having levels at 0.12 eV and 0.57 below the conduction band. Comparison with temperature-dependent Hall measurements suggests that the 0.12 eV level has a temperature activated capture cross section with a capture barrier of about 0.06 eV and that it may significantly contribute to the free-carrier density. Based on the concentrations of defects other than this shallow donor, we conclude that the quality of the vapor-phase-grown ZnO studied here supercedes that of other single-crystal ZnO reported up to now. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1452781
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth Kinetics of Porcine Lymphatic Organs during Early Postnatal Life (2003)
    Berlin, Germany : Blackwell Verlag GmbH
    Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 32 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0264
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: During the critical early postnatal period, the development of lymphatic organs, being the major structural components of the immune system, progresses rapidly. In this context, the growth kinetics and growth rates of Peyer's patches, tonsilla veli palatini, lymphnodes (lc. mesentericum craniale and lc. bronchale), spleen and thymus were investigated in German landrace piglets from birth until 2 weeks of age. The weight of all these organs increased faster than body weight but regression analysis revealed remarkable differences in growth kinetics and growth rates. The lymphoepithelial organs (Peyer's patches, tonsilla veli palatini) had low growth rates at birth (∼10%/day) that increased continuously until 2 weeks, while lymphnodes and spleen exhibited constant high growth rates (∼40%/day). Small intestinal lymphnodes alone showed biphasic growth kinetics which could be attributed to colostrum absorption. The growth kinetics of the thymus included a point of inflexion at the end of the first week. The differences in growth kinetics and growth rates are discussed with regard to their immunobiological relevance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0264.2003.00487.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphometric and Structural Examination of the Collateral Ligaments of the Canine Elbow Joint (2005)
    Berlin, Germany : Blackwell Verlag GmbH
    Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 34 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0264
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The aim of this study was to describe morphological differences between the lateral collateral ligament (LCL) and the medial collateral ligament (MCL) of the canine elbow joint. Forty forelimbs of 22 dogs (adult German shepherd dogs and shepherd mongrels) were dissected. The length and width of defined segments of the ligaments (i. e. total length, areas of origin and insertion, ‘free part’, ‘humeral part’, ‘antebrachial part’) were measured in extension (160°) and flexion (30°). Statistical analyses of the data were performed using the data analysis software SAS 8.0. In addition the collateral ligaments of ten forelimbs of five shepherd mongrels were studied histologically. The LCL differs from the MCL in the following morphological items: a) the areas of origin and insertion are larger and in consequence the ‘free part’ of the lateral ligament is shorter; b) the caudal crus of the LCL is fan-shaped with a broad insertion area at the ulna whereas the caudal crus of the MCL remains slim; c) in the LCL the ‘humeral part’ varies in length depending on extended or flexed position of the joint, which is due to the spiral shape of the capitulum humeri; d) the microscopical structure of the LCL is organized less tightly; the collagen fibre bundles cross in varying angles. Referring to these details the LCL seems to allow and to limit a slight rotation of the forearm when the elbow joint is extremely flexed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0264.2005.00669_57.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultracytochemical Demonstration of Glycoproteins in the Eccrine Glands of the Digital Pads of the North American Raccoon (Procyon lotor) (2005)
    Berlin, Germany : Blackwell Verlag GmbH
    Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 34 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0264
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In the eccrine glands of the digital pads of the North American raccoon (Procyon lotor), ultrastructural localization of glycoproteins with various saccharide residues was studied using preferably lectin cytochemical methods. Secretory granules observed in the dark cells exhibited glycoproteins with different terminal sugars (α-d-mannose, β-d-galactose, β-N-acetyl-d-glucosamine and sialic acid). The cytoplasm of the clear cells contained numerous glycogen particles. Several sugars were also detectable in the surface coat of the plasma membrane of the secretory cells. The results obtained could be helpful in understanding secretion production and cell related secretion functions of the eccrine glands of the raccoon digital foot pads.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0264.2004.00577.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Expression of Connexins during Growth and Development of Skeletal Elements in the Dog (2005)
    Berlin, Germany : Blackwell Verlag GmbH
    Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 34 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0264
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Efficient and well-regulated intercellular communication is essential to organize the activities of the different cell populations involved during growth and concomitant structural maturation of the skeleton. For direct cell-cell communication gap junctions composed of connexins (Cx) are present. So far 21 Cx types have been identified in mammals, which differ in molecular permeability as well as tissue expression pattern. To characterize the Cx distribution in the developing canine skeleton, samples from humerus, scapula and lumbar vertebrae of Beagle dogs aged 1.5, 3, 4.5 months and 1.5 years were fixed in Bouin's solution, decalcified with 25% EDTA and embedded in paraffin wax. Using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, the expression of Cx 26, 30, 31, 32, 43, and 45 was studied in bone tissue plus associated epiphyseal and growth plate cartilage. Of all bone cells, osteoblasts showed the largest Cx expression repertoire: they were positive for Cx 26, 30, 32 and 43. After transformation into bone lining cells Cx43 expression was lost while in osteocytes only Cx 26 and 32 was detected. A wide variety of Cx reactions was also found in osteoclasts: Cx 26, 30, 32, and 43. In contrast, chondrocytes showed a much more restricted Cx expression pattern. Positive reactions were only seen in hypertrophic chondrocytes of epiphyseal cartilage (Cx 26, 31, 32) and in the proliferative (Cx32) and hypertrophic zone (Cx 26 and 32) of growth plate cartilage. Additionally, Cx31 was strongly expressed in the cellular layer of the periosteum covering areas of intensive bone modelling in the puppies. Age- and microlocation-dependent variations in expression and/or staining intensity were also observed in the other Cx types. These results demonstrated that canine bone cells are capable of synthesizing a wide variety of Cx types during skeletal development, thus propagating different cellular signals via gap junctions in a differentially regulated and requirement orientated manner.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0264.2005.00669_106.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Affektive Reaktion von Ärzten bei präklinischen Reanimationen (2000)
    Springer
    Notfall + Rettungsmedizin 3 (2000), S. 13-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-0578
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Psychologie ; Notfallmedizin ; Reanimation ; Notärzte ; Entscheidungskonflikte ; Posttraumatische Belastungsstörungen ; Debriefing ; Key words Emergency medicine psychology ; Resuscitation psychology ; Physicians' psychology ; Decision making ; Attitude of health personnel ; Posttraumatic stress disorders ; Debriefing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Seventy-six physicians, working on a German Mobil Resuscitation Unit, were examined by use of a modified Gottschalk-Gleser technique. The aim was to describe scores for anxiety, hostility and hope and to compare those to the values of a normal population. Physicians' sumscores differed from those of a normal population: Anxiety and hostility were significantly higher. Singlescores for death-, separation- and shame-anxiety were higher, those for injury-anxiety and diffuse anxiety were lower. Guilt anxiety did not differ. Scores for hostility outward open were the same, whereas hostility outward covered and inward were higher than in the normal population. Ambivalent hostility was the same. Scores for positive hope were significantly lower, those for negative hope the same than in the normal population. In conclusion we found three possible obstacles for resuscitating physicians in dealing with anxiety, hostility and hope: Compared to the normal population physicians seem to deal less with injury-, guilt- and diffuse anxiety. Dealing with hostility reveals mechanisms of repression, projection and turning hostility towards the own person. Compared to the normal population resuscitating physicians tend not to talk more about the hopelessness related to their work.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 76 Ärzte eines Notarztwagensystems wurden mittels eines modifizierten Gottschalk-Gleser-Interviews untersucht. Dabei wurden Scores für Angst, Hoffnung und Aggression von Ärzten in ihrem Bericht über die Durchführung präklinischer Wiederbelebungen erfaßt und mit den Werten einer Normalbevölkerungsstichprobe verglichen. Ärzte wiesen signifikant höhere Werte für Angst- und Aggressionssummenscores auf als die Vergleichsstichprobe. Einzelscores für Todes-, Trennungs- und Schamangst waren signifikant höher, für Verletzungsangst und diffuse Angst niedriger als in der Normalbevölkerung. Die Schuldangst unterschied sich nicht. Die Ergebnisse für offen nach außen gerichtete Aggressivität waren gleich, die für nach außen verdeckte und nach innen gerichtete Aggressivität waren signifikant höher als in der Normalbevölkerung. Bei der ambivalenten Aggressivität zeigte sich kein Unterschied. Scores der Ärzte für positive Hoffnung waren signifikant niedriger, diejenigen für negative Hoffnung unterschieden sich nicht von der Normalbevölkerung. Im Vergleich zur Normalbevölkerung ergaben sich insgesamt drei Hinweise auf Hindernisse für Ärzte, mit Angst, Hoffnung und Aggressivität in Reanimationssituationen angemessen umzugehen: Ärzte scheinen sich weniger mit Verletzungs-, diffuser- sowie Schuldangst auseinanderzusetzen. Der Umgang mit Aggressionen offenbart Mechanismen der Verdrängung, Projektion und Wendung gegen das Selbst. Gegenüber der Normalbevölkerung scheinen Ärzte nicht intensiver über die mit ihrer Tätigkeit verbundene Hoffnungslosigkeit zu sprechen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100490050193
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pfortaderresektion im Rahmen der chirurgischen Therapie von Pankreaskopfcarcinomen – verbesserte präoperative Diagnostik als Entscheidungshilfe bei der Indikationsstellung? (2000)
    Springer
    Der Chirurg 71 (2000), S. 803-807 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Keywords: Pancreatic cancer – Portal vein resection – Intraportal endovascular ultrasound. ; Schlüsselwörter: Pankreascarcinom – Portalvenenresektion – endovasculärer Ultraschall.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Die Tumorinfiltration der V. portae bei duktalen Adenocarcinomen des Pankreaskopfes gilt klassischerweise als Inoperabilitätskriterium. Trotz operationstechnischer Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Pfortaderresektion im Rahmen von Whipple-Operationen mit akzeptaler Letalität und Morbidität kann eine Gefäßresektion bei Infiltration nicht prinzipiell empfohlen werden. Problematisch ist vor allem die präoperative Sicherung einer eventuell vorliegenden Gefäßinfiltration, häufig sieht sich der Chirurg erst intraoperativ mit der Situation einer makroskopischen Pfortaderinfiltration bzw. Tumoradhärenz konfrontiert. Im Zeitraum von 1986 bis 1995 wurde an unserer Klinik bei 105 Patienten mit duktalem Adenocarcinom des Pankreaskopfes eine Whipple-Operation vorgenommen. In 8 Fällen erfolgte bei makroskopischer Tumorinfiltration bzw. Tumoradhärenz und unauffälliger präoperativer Diagnostik mittels indirekter Portographie und CT eine partielle Pfortaderresektion. In 4 der 8 Fälle fand sich eine tatsächliche, histologisch nachweisbare Infiltration der V. portae bis in die inneren Gefäßwandschichten, während die übrigen Fälle keine bzw. lediglich eine Adventitiainfiltration zeigten. Die Patienten ohne histologischen Nachweis einer tatsächlichen Gefäßinfiltration wiesen eine deutlich längere Überlebenszeit (27,75 Monate) gegenüber den Patienten mit histologischer Tumorinvasion in die V. portae (6,67 Monate) auf. Neuere Untersuchungen haben gezeigt, daß der endovasculäre, intraportale Ultraschall (IPEUS) einen deutlichen Informationsgewinn bezüglich der Frage einer vorliegenden Pfortaderinfiltration bieten kann. Auch wenn diese Untersuchung derzeit nicht als Standarddiagnostik gelten kann, so besteht die Möglichkeit, bei entsprechender Indikation hierdurch mit hoher Sensitivität und Spezifität eine tatsächliche Gefäßinfiltration zu erkennen. Kann mittels endovasculärem Ultraschall eine Tumorinfiltration in die V. portae ausgeschlossen werden, so zeigen unsere Ergebnisse, daß Patienten mit makroskopischer Tumoradhärenz tatsächlich von einer partiellen Pfortaderresektion profitieren.
    Notes: Abstract. Tumor invasion of the portal vein by ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic head is classically known as a criterion for inoperability. Despite improvement in operation techniques for portal vein resection during Whipple's procedure and acceptable mortality and morbidity, in the case of uncertain tumor infiltration vascular resection cannot be recommended in general. The problem is the preoperative detection of tumor infiltration of the portal vein. Often the surgeon is confronted with unsuspected macroscopic portal vein infiltration or tumor adhesion during the operation. Between 1986 and 1995 105 patients underwent Whipple's procedure for ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic head in our department. In eight of these cases partial portal vein resection was performed because of macroscopic tumor infiltration or tumor adhesion. In all eight cases the preoperative diagnostic procedures with CT and portography did not show any suspicion of tumor infiltration. In four of the eight cases histological tumor infiltration of all vascular layers was found. In the others we found no or only adventitial tumor invasion. The patients without tumor infiltration of the portal vein showed a survival time after surgery of 27.78 months in contrast to 6.67 months in the group with histologically proven tumor infiltration. Endovascular, intraportal ultrasound (IPEUS), a new diagnostic procedure, can give helpful information regarding portal vein involvement. Although the IPEUS is not a standard diagnostic procedure it was shown to detect portal vein infiltration with high sensitivity and specificity. Our results indicate that in such cases where portal vein infiltration has been excluded by IPEUS, patients with macroscopic tumor adhesion do benefit from partial portal vein resection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001040051139
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alkaloid Production and Chinch Bug Resistance in Endophyte-Inoculated Chewings and Strong Creeping Red Fescues (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 26 (2000), S. 279-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Endophyte ; Chewings fescue ; strong creeping red fescue ; ergovaline ; peramine ; lolitrem B ; chinch bug ; Epichloe
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Four Chewings fescue and two strong creeping red fescue selections that had been artificially inoculated and stably maintained with four different endophytes were evaluated in feeding trials with chinch bugs (Blissus leucopterus hirtus). Significant differences in survival were found between the endophyte-inoculated plants and their endophyte-free counterparts. After seven days, 54.2% of chinch bugs were alive on endophyte-free tillers versus only 7.4% of chinch bugs fed tillers from endophyte-inoculated plants. Some differences were also found among the various plant–endophyte combinations. In Petri dish preference trials, chinch bugs showed a preference for the CA endophyte (obtained from a Chewings fescue) over the RC endophyte (obtained from a strong creeping red fescue) in Chewings fescue selection C1117. Only the inoculated plants produced erogvaline, peramine, and lolitrem B; moreover, significant differences were found among the plant–endophyte combinations in the levels of these alkaloids. The Chewings selections C1117 and C1090 produced more ergovaline, and C1090 more lolitrem B, than other plants, regardless of endophyte source. In the presence of the RC endophyte, more ergovaline and lolitrem B was produced than in the presence of the CA endophyte regardless of plant genotype. Both host plant and endophyte, therefore, contributed factors that determined alkaloid production. No significant correlations between chinch bug survival and alkaloid levels were found, however, and overall, no one plant genotype or endophyte source proved to be significantly more toxic than another to chinch bugs. Nevertheless, the results clearly demonstrated that artificial inoculations of endophyte-free fescue genotypes can produce plants with increased toxicity to chinch bugs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005410115940
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