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  • 2000-2004  (9)
  • 1965-1969  (30)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectrochemical analysis of semiconductor grade boron tribromide with a plasma jet (1968)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 40 (1968), S. 2041-2042 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac60269a040
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The HIV-1 protease inhibitor indinavir impairs insulin signalling in HepG2 hepatoma cells (2000)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 43 (2000), S. 1145-1148 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords HIV protease inhibitors ; lipodystrophy syndrome ; diabetes mellitus ; insulin resistance ; insulin signalling.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aims/hypothesis. Patients treated with human immunodeficiency virus-1 protease inhibitors often develop impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes, most likely due to an induction of insulin resistance. We therefore investigated whether the protease inhibitor indinavir alters insulin signalling. Methods. We incubated HepG2 cells for 48 h without or with indinavir (100 μmol/l). Subsequently 125I-insulin binding to the cells and the effects of insulin stimulation on insulin-receptor substrate-1-phosphorylation, association of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase with insulin-receptor substrate-1 and Akt-Thr308-phosphorylation were measured. Results. In cells not exposed to indinavir, insulin (100 nmol/l) led to rapid increases of insulin-receptor substrate-1-phosphorylation, association of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase with insulin-receptor substrate-1 and Akt-phosphorylation during the first 75 s, followed by subsequent decreases. In indinavir-treated cells, these insulin-stimulated increases during the first 75 s were reduced by 30–60 % and this was not associated with alterations in cell number or viability, insulin binding to the cells or cellular insulin-receptor substrate-1-content. Conclusion/interpretation. Effects of indinavir on initial insulin signalling could cause, or contribute to, the metabolic effects of human immunodeficiency virus-1 protease inhibitors. [Diabetologia (2000) 43: 1145–1148]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250051505
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serine residues 994 and 1023/25 are important for insulin receptor kinase inhibition by protein kinase C isoforms β2 and θ (2000)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 43 (2000), S. 443-449 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Insulin receptor inhibition, tyrosine kinase activity, serine phosphorylation, protein kinase C.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aims/hypothesis. Inhibition of the signalling function of the human insulin receptor (HIR) is one of the principle mechanisms which induce cellular insulin resistance. It is speculated that serine residues in the insulin receptor β-subunit are involved in receptor inhibition either as inhibitory phosphorylation sites or as part of receptor domains which bind inhibitory proteins or tyrosine phosphatases. As reported earlier we prepared 16 serine to alanine point mutations of the HIR and found that serine to alanine mutants HIR-994 and HIR-1023/25 showed increased tyrosine autophosphorylation when expressed in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells. In this study we examined whether these mutant receptors have a different susceptibility to inhibition by serine kinases or an altered tyrosine kinase activity.¶Methods. Tyrosine kinase assay and transfection studies.¶Results. In an in vitro kinase assay using IRS-1 as a substrate we could detect a higher intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity of both receptor constructs. Additionally, a higher capacity to phosphorylate the adapter protein Shc in intact cells was seen. To test the inhibition by serine kinases, the receptor constructs were expressed in HEK 293 cells together with IRS-1 and protein kinase C isoforms β2 and θ. Phorbol ester stimulation of these cells reduced wild-type receptor autophosphorylation to 58 % or 55 % of the insulin simulated state, respectively. This inhibitory effect was not observed with HIR-994 and HIR-1023/25, although all other tested HIR mutants showed similar inhibition induced by protein kinase C.¶Conclusion/interpretation. The data suggest that the HIR-domain which contains the serine residues 994 and 1023/25 is important for the inhibitory effect of protein kinase C isoforms β2 and θ on insulin receptor autophosphorylation. [Diabetologia (2000) 43: 443–449]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250051327
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zytochemische Untersuchungen an Zellen eines extramedullären Plasmozytoms des Magens (1967)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 14 (1967), S. 211-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Cytochemical examination of cells of an extramedullary plasmocytoma, of the stomach yielded large amounts of 1,2 glycol, acid mucopolysaccharides and glycogen, as well as small amounts of lipids and paramyloid. Furthermore, reactive NH2 groups and the amino acids cysteine and cystine, tyrosine and tryphophane were found to be present. The numerous multi-nuclei giant cells contained substantial amounts of these cytochemically established substances. There was striking proof of larger amounts of acid sulfogroup-free mucopolysaccharides. On the other hand, only sporadic protein coacervates in the form ofRussel bodies were found.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die zytochemischen Untersuchungen an Zellen eines extramedullären Plasmozytoms des Magens ergaben reichlich 1,2-Glykole, saure Mukopolysaccharide und Glykogen und geringe Mengen Lipide und Paramyloid. Weiterhin konnten reaktionsfähige NH2-Gruppen und die Aminosäuren Cystein, Cystin, Tyrosin und Tryptophan dargestellt werden. Die zahlreichen, mehrkernigen Riesenzellen enthielten besonders reichlich diese zytochemisch nachgewiesenen Substanzen. Auffallend war der Nachweis größerer Mengen saurer, sulfogruppenfreier Mukopolysaccharide. Dagegen konnten nur vereinzelt Eiweißkoazervate in FormRusselscher Körperchen gefunden werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01631636
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Autoradiographische und hämatologische Untersuchung zur Zellkinetik der Erythroblasten im Kurzzeitversuch nach doppelseitiger Nephrektomie und Ureterligatur bei Mäusen (1969)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 19 (1969), S. 449-456 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In this study the duration of the generation cycle as well as individual partial stages of the cell cycle of erythroblasts of mice were determined autoradiographically by means of the double labelling method in a short-term experiment under normal conditions as well as after bilateral ureteral ligature and bilateral nephrectomy. After nephrectomy but not after ureteral ligature the individual cell groups of erythroblasts showed a prolongation of the mean generation time and this was more than twofold. In contrast to this the DNA-synthesis time, which was approximately 8 hours, was approximately constant in the individual cell groups of erythroblasts as well in the individual test groups. These experiments show that for the prolongation of the mean generation time of erythroblasts, which has been observed after nephrectomy, obviously the deficiency of erythropoetin is of significant importance and not azotemia. By this model experiment in mice it might be possible to provide an explanation for the decrease of erythroblasts which has been observed in patients with acute renal failure.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die Zeitdauer des Generationszyklus sowie einzelner Teilphasen des Zellzyklus für die Erythroblasten der Maus unter normalen Bedingungen sowie nach doppelseitiger Ureterligatur und doppelseitiger Nephrektomie mittels der Doppelmarkierungsmethode im Kurzzeitversuch autoradiographisch bestimmt. Es fand sich nach Nephrektomie, nicht dagegen nach Ureterligatur für die einzelnen Zellklassen der Erythroblasten eine Verlängerung der mittleren Generationszeit, und zwar um mehr als das Doppelte. Dagegen war die DNS-Synthesezeit mit einem Wert um 8 Std. sowohl bei den einzelnen Zellklassen der Erythroblasten wie bei den einzelnen Versuchsgruppen annähernd konstant. Die Versuche zeigen, daß für die nach Nephrektomie beobachtete Verlängerung der mittleren Generationszeit der Erythroblasten offenbar der Mangel an Erythropoetin und nicht die Azotämie von wesentlicher Bedeutung ist. Durch diesen Modellversuch an der Maus könnte der beim akuten Nierenversagen des Menschen beobachtete Erythroblastenschwund eine Erklärung finden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01631054
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thrombelastographische Untersuchungen in vitro mit Heparin, Histamin, Serotonin, Protamin und Theophyllin-Nikotinat (1966)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 13 (1966), S. 161-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The influence of heparin, histamine, serotonin, theophylline-nicotinate (Complamin®), and protamine, as individual substances and combined, on blood coagulation was studied in vitro in the “Thrombelastograph”. Fibrinolysis could not be detected. Histamine, serotonin, and Complamin slightly reduce—without statistical confirmation—the r and c times as compared to untreated blood. A comparison of untreated blood with blood samples of the same donor with histamine, serotonin, and Complamin showed a reduction of the r time in all cases in the case of histamine, in 9 of 11 cases in the case of serotonin, and in 50% in the case of Complamin. Heparin and protamine as individual substances prolonged-statistically confirmed—the r and c times. The following combinations of pharmaceutical products reduced the shearing elasticity of the thrombus-statistically confirmed-partly by more than 50% compared with untreated blood: heparin, heparin-histamine-protamine II, heparin-histamine, heparin-Complamin-serotonin, heparin-histamine-serotonin heparin-Complamin-histamine, serotonin-protamine II. The heparin-neutralizing action of protamine could not be statistically confirmed at the dosages used in the pharmaca combinations heparin-Complamin-histamine-serotonin, heparin-Complamin, heparin-histamine.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Im Thrombelastographen wurde in vitro der Einfluß von Heparin, Histamin, Serotonin, Theophyllin-Nikotinat (Complamin®) und Protamin, als Einzelsubstanzen und in Kombination miteinander, auf die Blutgerinnung untersucht. Eine Fibrinolyse konnte nicht erfaßt werden. Histamin, Serotonin und Complamin verkürzten geringgradig-ohne statistische Sicherung—die r- und k-Zeiten gegenüber Nativblut. Ein Vergleich zwischen nativen und mit Histamin, Serotonin und Complamin versetzten Blutproben desselben Spenders ergab jedoch für Histamin in allen, für Serotonin in 9 von 11 Fällen und für Complamin in der Hälfte der Fälle eine Verkürzung der r-Zeit. Heparin und Protamin, als Einzelsubstanzen, verlängerten-statistisch gesichert—die r- und k-Zeiten. Die Scherelastizität des Thrombus wurde durch folgende Pharmakakombinationen-statistisch gesichert-teilweise um mehr als die Hälfte gegenüber Nativblut herabgesetzt: Heparin, Heparin-Histamin-Protamin II, Heparin-Histamin, Heparin-Complamin-Serotonin, Heparin-Histamin-Serotonin, Heparin-Complamin-Histamin-Serotonin-Protamin II. Der heparinneutralisierende Effekt des Protamins konnte in den hier verwendeten Dosierungen in den Pharmakakombinationen Heparin-Complamin-Histamin-Serotonin, Heparin-Complamin, Heparin-Histamin statistich nicht gesichert werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01635453
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Ultrastruktur der Onkocytome (1965)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 43 (1965), S. 798-800 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The fine structure of a typical oncocytoma of the parotid gland reveals an excessive accumulation and hypertrophy of the mitochondria in the cells of this tumor. It is supposed, that this accumulation of mitochondria, which occurs also in oncocytes of other tissues is caused by a defect of the intramitochondrial metabolism.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Zellen eines typischen Onkocytom der Gl. Parotis zeigen bei elektronenmikroskopischer Untersuchung eine exzessive Vermehrung und Vergrößerung der Mitochondrien. Als Ursache dieser bei Onkocyten verschiedenster Herkunft nachweisbaren Hyperplasie des Chondriom wird eine intramitochondriale Stoffwechselstörung angenommen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01720473
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimenteller Beitrag zur Beziehung zwischen Niere und Erythropoiese: PAS-positive Erythroblasten im Knochenmark doppelseitig nephrektomierter Ratten (1967)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 45 (1967), S. 644-648 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary 1. The recently described positive PAS-reaction (Periodic-acid-Schiff) in the cytoplasm of erythroblasts in the bone marrow of patients with kidney diseases can be reproduced in animal experiments: Variably high numbers of PAS-positive erythroblasts are found in the bone marrow of bilaterally nephrectomized rats. The PAS-positive erythroblasts belong to the maturity stages of polychromatic and oxyphilic erythroblasts. 2. The appearance of a positive PAS-reaction in the cytoplasm of erythroblasts is connected with necrobiosis of these cells. PAS-positive erythroblasts are phagocytized by reticulum cells of the bone marrow. Moreover, as reaction of the necrobiosis of these erythroblasts a strong, diffuse plasmocytosis and eosinophilia are found in the bone marrow of nephrectomized rats. 3. The uremia does not cause the appearance of PAS-positive erythroblasts. 4. A heat-resistant factor in the kidney of rats, rabbits, and human beings — probably a lipid bound to proteins — prevents the appearance of PAS-positive erythroblasts. 5. The PAS-positive material in the cytoplasm of erythroblasts is composed mainly of glycogen and lipids, but also of glyco- or mucoproteids or neutral mucopolysaccharides too. Furthermore, small amounts of acidic mucopolysaccharides and of the amino acid tyrosine as well as greater amounts of free NH2-groups and 1,2 glycols are found.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 1. Die früher bei nierenkranken Patienten im Knochenmark gefundene positive PAS-Reaktion (Perjodsäure-Schiff) im Cytoplasma von Erythroblasten ist im Experiment reproduzierbar. PAS-positive Erythroblasten treten im Knochenmark doppelseitig nephrektomierter Ratten in wechselnd hoher Zahl auf, wobei die Erythroblasten der Reifestufe der polychromatischen und oxyphilen Erythroblasten angehören. 2. Das Auftreten einer positiven PAS-Reaktion im Cytoplasma von Erythroblasten steht im Zusammenhang mit einer Nekrobiose dieser Zellen. PAS-positive Erythroblasten werden vermehrt von Knochenmarks-reticulumzellen phagocytiert. Außerdem besteht eine starke diffuse Plasmocytose und Eosinophilie des Markes, die als Reaktion auf die Nekrobiose der Rattenerythroblasten angesehen wird. 3. Die Urämie kann als Ursache für das Erscheinen PAS-positiver Erythroblasten ausgeschlossen werden. 4. Ein hitzestabiler Nierenfaktor, der wahrscheinlich ein an Eiweiß gebundenes Lipid darstellt und bei Ratte, Kaninchen und Menschen vorkommt, verhindert das Auftreten PAS-positiver Erythroblasten. 5. Das PAS-positive Material im Cytoplasma der Erythroblasten setzt sich vorwiegend aus Glykogen und Lipiden daneben auch aus Glyko- oder Mucoproteiden oder auch neutralen Mucopolysacchariden zusammen. Weiterhin finden sich kleine Mengen saurer Mucopolysaccharide und der Aminosäure Tyrosin sowie reichlich freie NH2-Gruppen und 1,2-Glykole.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01745639
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Untersuchungen über den Mechanismus der Magensaftsekretion der Ratte nach Pentagastrin- und Betazolstimulierung (1969)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 47 (1969), S. 1206-1213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A series of experiments were designed to study factors influencing basal gastric secretion in rats as well as its variation under different doses of pentagastrin and histalog. The action of pentagastrin was found to be dose-dependent; with increasing amounts of the drug given, three distinct dose-ranges could be observed: I. a submaximal range (1–60 µg/kg body weight) with a slow rise predominantly of the HCl concentration, II. a maximal range (80–300 µg/kg body weight) with a accelerated increase of water secretion greater than that of acid output and III. a supramaximal range (400–2000 µg/kg body weight) with inhibition especially of HCl-production. The effect of increasing histalog doses (ca. 1000 times higher than for pentagastrin) resulted in a slower and lesser but almost parallel rise in the rate of water secretion and the acid output, as well as a supramaximal inhibition of both HCl and water secretion. The predominant type of secretory response after simultaneous administration of pentagastrin and histalog is determined by their respective dose-relation. A starvation period of 16–24 hours prior to experiments is necessary and sufficient in rats. The loss of water and salt did not seem to influence gastric secretion during the first 1 1/2 hours of juice collection; in longer experiments however, a diminution of volumes more than of HCl production could be observed. With increasing volumed of the injected pentagastrin solution (at constant concentration) water secretion was found to be decreased. Repeated gastric juice examination in the same experimental animal revealed parallel but irregular and inconstant variation of water and HCl secretion. On repeated stimulations with pentagastrin significantly elevated basal water secretion was found. Sustained stimulation with histalog lead to a progressive increase in basal HCl production up to twice the initial value. The results suggest different mechanism of HCl and water secretion and of pentagastrin and histalog action.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Experimentell wurden in verschiedenen Versuchsreihen die beeinflussenden Faktoren der basalen Magensaftsekretion sowie der Effekt unterschiedlicher Dosen von Pentagastrin und Betazol an Ratten untersucht. Pentagastrin führt zu einer dosisabhängigen Stimulation der Magensekretion, bei der drei Wirkungsbereiche zu unterscheiden sind: I. ein submaximaler Bereich (1–60 µg/kg KG) mit einem dosisabhängigen langsamen Anstieg überwiegend der HCl-Konzentration. II. ein maximaler Bereich (80–300 µg/kg KG) mit einem steileren Anstieg der Wasser- als der HCl-Sekretion und III. ein supramaximaler Inhibitionsbereich (400 bis 2000 µg/kg KG) mit vornehmlicher Hemmung der HCl-Ausscheidung. Die Wirkung steigender Betazoldosen zeigt dagegen einen langsameren und geringeren, annähernd parallelen Anstieg des Magensaftvolumens und der HCl-Konzentration und eine supramaximale Hemmung sowohl der HCl- als auch der Wassersekretion. Bei der kombinierten Verabreichung von Pentagastrin und Betazol ist der vorherrschende Sekretionstyp von dem jeweiligen Dosisverhältnis abhängig. Für Magenfunktionsuntersuchungen an der Ratte erwies sich ein Nahrungsentzug von 16–24 Std als geeignet. Ein Einfluß des Wasser-Salzverlustes auf die Magensekretion war während einer 1 1/2 stündigen Versuchsdauer nicht erkennbar; länger dauernde Untersuchungen führten dagegen zu einer Verminderung mehr der Wasser- als der HCl-Sekretion. Ein Abfall der Wassersekretion zeigte sich auch bei Vergrößerung des injizierten Lösungsvolumens. Bei mehrfach wiederholten Magensaftuntersuchungen am gleichen Versuchstier wurde eine parallele Schwankung der Wasser- und HCl-Sekretion ohne Gesetzmäßigkeit festgestellt. Eine Mehrfachstimulierung mit Pentagastrin bewirkte eine deutliche Erhöhung der Basal-Wassersekretion. Eine Dauerstimulierung mit Betazol führte zu einem kontinuierlichen Anstieg der Basal-HCl-Sekretion auf das Doppelte. Die Versuchsergebnisse deuten auf unterschiedliche Mechanismen der HCl- und Wassersekretion sowie auf eine verschiedenartige Wirkung von Pentagastrin und Betazol hin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01484885
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serum leptin concentrations throughout the menstrual cycle (2000)
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 263 (2000), S. 99-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Keywords: Key words Leptin ; Menstrual cycle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Leptin is a cytokine involved in the regulation of food intake and fertility in rodents and in humans. No data exist about serum leptin serum levels during the spontaneous menstrual cycle. In this study 16 ovulatory cycles of endocrinologically normal volunteers were analyzed. Blood samples were taken on alternate days throughout the menstrual cycle for measurement of serum estradiol, progesterone, LH, FSH and leptin serum levels. No correlation of leptin values with estradiol values (r = 0.07) or progesterone values (r = 0.14) were seen. Mean leptin values during the luteal phase were significantly higher (16.67 ± 9.45 ng/mL) compared to the follicular phase (13.50 ± 8.75 ng/mL) (P 〈 0.02). A strongly positive correlation with the progression of the menstrual cycle could be seen (r = 0.91). The physiological significance of higher luteal phase leptin levels is unknown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004040050004
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