Library

feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: CRF-granules ; Sodium chloride ; Adrenalectomy ; Rat ; Histology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Bilaterally adrenalectomized female SPF Wistar rats were given tap water containing various concentrations of sodium chloride to drink ad lib. After a survival period of 14 days the animals were killed by perfusion-fixation. Their brains were removed, fixed in pieric acid formalin solution and embedded in Paraplast. Serial sections of median eminence and hypophysial posterior lobe were cut and stained with crotonaldehyde-fuchsine. In the stained sections the amount of CRF-granules visible in the external zone of the median eminence, and the amount of “classical” neurosecretory material (NSM) occuring in the internal zone of the median eminence and in the posterior lobe of the hypophysis were estimated. After administration of drinking solutions to which 0%–1% sodium chloride were added, the amount of CRF-granules increased with increasing NaCl uptake, whereas the amount of “classical” NSM was not changed. Application of tap water containing 2% NaCl led to a marked decrease in the amount of “classical” NSM but did only slightly impair the amount of CRF-granules. From the findings it is concluded that 1. following bilateral adrenalectomy administration of sodium chloride inhibits the secretion of CRF-granules; 2. CRF-granules and “classical” NSM, although histochemical identical, have different functional significances; 3. the mechanisms regulating the secretion of CRF-granules are different from those controlling the release of “classical” NSM.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Corticotropin releasing factor ; Neurosecretion ; Hypophysis ; X-irradiation ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 195 female Wistar rats the influence of adrenalectomy, total body X-irradiation and dexamethasone treatment on the amount of CRF-granules in the external zone of the median eminence and “classical” neurosecretory material (NSM) in the internal zone of the median and in the posterior lobe of the hypophysis has been studied. In the normal rat only very few CRF-granules occur. 15 days after adrenalectomy increased amounts of CRF-granules but normal amounts of “classical” NSM are found. X-irradiation leads to a slight diminishment of “classical” NSM in normal rats. In adrenalectomized animals X-irradiation causes no changes in the amount of “classical” NSM but a marked decrease in the amount of CRF-granules. Application of dexamethasone from the 15th to 18th day after adrenalectomy enhances the augmentation of CRF-granules in irradiated and non-irradiated rats but does not influence the amount of “classical” NSM. The findings show that no correlation exists between the quantitative changes of CRF-granules and “classical” NSM under the experimental conditions used. Therefore it is to be assumed that the release of the two substances is regulated by different control mechanisms and that the substances have a different functional significance. The observations do not exclude the possibility that CRF-granules and “classical” NSM are biochemically identical.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Neurosecretion ; Adrenalectomy ; Diabetes insipidus ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The influence of adrenalectomy on the amount of “Gomori-positive” neurosecretory material in the outer layer of the median eminence and in the supraoptico-hypophysial system was studied in normal Long-Evans rats and in Long-Evans rats heterozygous and homozygous for hypothalamic diabetes insipidus. In all non-adrenalectomized rats very few “Gomori-positive” granules were found in the outer median eminence layer. After adrenalectomy the amount of the granules increased markedly in normal Long-Evans rats and only slightly in Long-Evans rats heterozygous for diabetes insipidus. However, no augmentation of the granules occurred in homozygous diabetes insipidus rats. The amount of “Gomori-positive” substances demonstrable in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei, in the inner layer of the median eminence, and in the neural lobe of the hypophysis was less in rats heterozygous for diabetes insipidus than in normal Long-Evans rats and the smallest in homozygous diabetes insipidus rats. No differences in the amounts of the substances were observed between adrenalectomized and non-adrenalectomized animals. The findings suggest that the “Gomori-positive” granules occurring in the outer layer of the median eminence of adrenalectomized rats are of similar origin as those of the supraoptico-hypophysial system and represent a vasopressin-neurophysin-complex. The results support the concept that vasopressin is involved in the regulation of ACTH release.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 30 (1967), S. 145-153 
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A disruption of the protein metabolism in the dog was brought about by intravenous injection of ethionine; it took the form of a three-phase change in the serumglykogenase activity, and morphological changes in the liver, the exocrine parenchyma of the pancreas and the alpha cells of the Islets of Langerhans. In the supraoptico-hypophyseal system, no morphological reactions due to ethionine intoxication were determinable. This result supports the assertions ofOckenfels andWerner (1965) to the effect that such morphological changes in this system as observed in dogs with alloxan diabetes could be attributable to its specific reaction to a disruption of the carbohydrate metabolism. In the small-celled region of the hypothalamus, the pancreatitis produced by ethionine led to changes similiar to those resulting from alloxan diabetes.
    Abstract: Résumé Par l'application intraveineuse d'éthionine, on provoqua chez des chiens une perturbation du métabolisme de la protéine qui s'exprima dans une modification triphasique de l'activité de la glycogénase du sérum, ainsi que dans les modifications morphologiques du foie, du parenchyme pancréatique excrétoire, et des cellules A des îles de Langerhans. L'intoxication d'éthionine n'a montré aucune réaction morphologique dans le système supraoptico-hypophysaire. Ce résultat s'appuie sur les déclarations d'Ockenfels etWerner (1965), d'après lesquelles les modifications morphologiques constatées dans ce système, chez les chiens diabétiques alloxaniques pourraient être une réaction spécifique à une perturbation du métabolisme de l'hydrate de carbone. Dans la région de l'hypothalame à petites cellules, la pancréatite d'éthionine mena à des perturbations semblables à celles du diabète alloxanique.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Durch intravenöse Applikation von Äthionin wurde bei Hunden eine Störung des Eiweißstoffwechsels hervorgerufen, die ihren Ausdruck in einer dreiphasischen Veränderung der Serumglykogenase-Aktivität sowie in morphologischen Veränderungen der Leber, des exkretorischen Pankreasparenchyms und der A-Zellen der Langerhansschen Inseln fand. Im supraoptico-hypophysären System ließen sich keine morphologischen Reaktionen auf die Äthioninintoxikation feststellen. Dieses Ergebnis stützt die Aussagen vonOckenfels undWerner (1965), wonach die bei alloxandiabetischen Hunden beobachteten morphologischen Veränderungen an diesem System eine spezifische Reaktion auf eine Störung des Kohlenhydratstoffwechsels sein könnten. Im Bereich des kleinzelligen Hypothalamus führte die Äthioninpankreatitis zu ähnlichen Veränderungen wie der Alloxandiabetes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 192 (1967), S. 246-264 
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird an Hand von klinischen und tierexperimentell erhobenen Befunden zusammenfassend über das Vorkommen von ein-, mehr- und vielkernigen Riesenzellen im Liquor cerebrospinalis berichtet. Die verschiedensten Formen der Riesenzellen werden dargestellt, in mehrere Gruppen unterteilt und im einzelnen besprochen. Dabei wurde festgestellt, daß Riesenzellen (RZ) im Liquor pathologische, jedoch unspezifische Zellen sind, die vermutlich aus dem reticulohistiocytären Gewebe im Bereich der Leptomeninx gebildet werden und bei den verschiedensten, insbesondere jedoch chronischen, unspezifischen und spezifischen Erkrankungen und Begleitreaktionen des Gehirns und Rückenmarks im Liquor auftreten können. Die extrem großen, vielkernigen Riesenzellen vom Langhans-und Fremdkörper-Typ wurden besonders bei der Meningitis tuberculosa beobachtet, tierexperimentell erzeugt und vereinzelt auch bei anderweitigen Erkrankungen des Zentralnervensystems (ZNS) nachgewiesen, die durch körpereigene oder körperfremde Stoffe mitbedingt waren, welche in den Liquorraum gelangten und zu einer erheblichen meningealen Reaktion führten. Weitere Möglichkeiten der Entstehung von RZ werden dabei in Erwägung gezogen. RZ im Liquor cerebrospinalis sind funktionell aktive und biologisch vollwertige Zellen, die etwa mit den mononucleären Makrophagen gleichzusetzen sind. Sie können sowohl corpusculäre als auch kolloidale, körpereigene und körperfremde Stoffe oder Zerfallsprodukte phagocytieren, speichern und infolge ihrer fermentativen Potenzen strukturell umgestalten. Damit stellen die RZ im Liquor cerebrospinalis einen wichtigen Faktor im Abwehrmechanismus des ZNS dar.
    Notes: Summary Clinical data and those from animal experiments on the occurrence in cerebrospinal fluid of giant cells containing one, several, or multiple nuclei are summarized. The various forms of giant cells are described, divided into several groups, and individually discussed. It was found that giant cells of cerebrospinal fluid are pathological, though unspecific cells probably derived from reticulohistiocytic tissue of the leptomeninx, and appearing in various diseases, mainly, however, in chronic, specific as well as unspecific disorders involving primarily or secondarily the brain and spinal cord. The extremely big multinucleate giant cells of the Langhans or foreign body type were predominantly observed in tuberculous meningitis. They could also be produced experimentally in animals and were found occasionally in other pathological states of the central nervous system in which endogenous or exogenous agents were participating by reaching the cerebrospinal fluid spaces and causing marked meningeal reactions. Additional mechanisms inducing the formation of giant cells are taken into consideration. Giant cells of cerebrospinal fluid are functionally active and biologically viable cells roughly equivalent to mononuclear macrophages. They are able to incorporate, store and, by virtue of their enzymes, structurally alter corpuscular and colloidal material or degradation products of endogenous or exogenous origin. The giant cells thus play an important part in the defense mechanisms of the central nervous system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In adrenalectomized rats, histochemical and immunohistochemical properties of the following secretion products have been investigated: 1. CRF-granules in the outer layer of the median eminence; 2. neurosecretory material (NSM) in the supraoptico-hypophysial system of the hypothalamus; 3. secretory granules in the TSH-cells of the anterior lobe of the hypophysis; 4. secretory granules in the ependymal cells of the subcommissural organ (SCO); 5. β-cell-granules in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. All these substances are characterized by their stainability with the so-called “Gomorimethod”. The experiments have included studies into: a) the extractability of the substances by various solvents; b) the digestability of the substances by pepsin or trypsin; c) their histochemically detectable content of disulfide groups, arginine and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reactive carbohydrates; d) their reaction with porcine-neurophysin-II-antibodies. All substances exhibited a positive reaction for disulfide groups. Based on their solutility properties, their resistance to pepsin or trypsin, their respective content of PAS-reactive carbohydrates and their failure to react with anti-neurophysin serum the “Gomori-positive” granules in TSH-, SCO- and pancreatic β-cells can be distinguished from one another and from CRF- and neurosecretory granules. In contrast, CRF-granules and NSM showed identical properties. Taking into consideration data from the biochemical and histochemical literature, the present findings suggest that CRF-granules and NSM consist of closely related biochemical substances.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 58 (1978), S. 335-338 
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Application of dark field microscopy to sections fixed with picric acid — formalin and stained with crotonaldehydefuchsin allows the demonstration of neurosecretory granules in the neurones of the suprachiasmatic nuclei of normal rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Proteins reacting with neurophysin antibodies and “Gomori-positive” substances were demonstrated histochemically in hypothalamic neurosecretory material of normal and bilaterally adrenalectomized rats after two different fixations: a) picric acid-formalin (PAF) for 7 days at 37°C; b) Bouin's fluid for 20 h at 4°C. After PAF-fixation anti-neurophysin reactive neurosecretory granules are found in all parts of the supraoptico-hypophysial system and in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of normal and adrenalectomized animals. In the latter they can additionally be demonstrated in the outer layer of the median eminence. Amount and distribution of “Gomori-positive” sustances correspond to those described for the immunoreactive material, except for the suprachiasmatic nucleus, in which the substances can not be detected. Following fixation in Bouin's fluid the immunohistochemical reactions are unchanged whereas the staining of “Gomori-positive” substances is remarkably impaired. The amounts of the substances demonstrable in the neural lobe are diminished and in the cells of the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei as well as in both median eminence layers only traces of the substances are to be seen. The findings indicate that negative results in demonstrating “Gomori-positive” substances may be caused by inappropriate fixation and need to be controlled by immunohistochemical techniques.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 47 (1976), S. 145-157 
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The distribution, histochemical properties and ultrastructural localization of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) hydrolyzing enzymes in the tanycyte ependyma of the third ventricle have been studied in female Wistar rats. Using a calcium-cobalt procedure and a lead capture technique, splitting of ATP could be demonstrated in perikarya and processes of tanycytes in the region of the ventromedial nucleus. The reaction showed no dependence on magnesium or sodium ions, did not occur with other monodi-, and tri-phosphates as substrates, and was inhibited by p-chlormercuribenzoate (PCMB) and sodium fluoride, but not by ouabain. With the calciumcobalt method the highest intensity of reaction was found at pH 9.4, whereas the lead method gave optimal results at pH 6–8. At the ultrastructural level, the reaction product was found at the outer surface of the plasma membranes of tanycytes and reached its highest concentrations in the region of the apical microvilli. From the findings it is concluded that splitting of ATP in tanycytes is due to a true ATPase. The enzyme might be involved in an active transport of substances by tanycytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 66 (1979), S. 118-120 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...