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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Neuropsychologia 28 (1990), S. 429-441 
    ISSN: 0028-3932
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Psychologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Schlagwort(e): Diabetes mellitus ; insulin-treated diabetics ; multiple injections ; control of diabetes ; hypoglycaemia
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Two groups of insulin-treated outpatients (one followed up at the Hotel-Dieu Hospital and the second mainly supervised by general practitioners) were chosen at random in 1978. The two populations were comparable in age, age at diagnosis, sex, level of education, overall activity and socio-professional and economic status. Outpatients followed up in the diabetic unit had better blood glucose control, with about the same number of hypoglycaemic reactions as patients followed up in general practice. This better control was associated with more social activity and less visits to the physician, despite the fact that patients attending the hospital spent more money on their diet and had more daily insulin injections. All these differences remain significant after adjustment for the duration of diabetes. It may be inferred that attempts to improve control in insulin-treated patients are associated with a more active life and with no increase in the frequency of hypoglycaemic reactions.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Diabetologia 15 (1978), S. 143-152 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Schlagwort(e): Diabetes control ; microangiopathy ; blood glucose ; vascular complications ; treatment of diabetes
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary This review seeks to supply the arguments which support or deny the relationship between the quality of control of blood glucose levels and the course of diabetic microangiopathy. The ideal study is impossible to do in man but most prospective studies suggest that the better the control the slower the rate of progression and severity of lesions. “Scientific” but indirect arguments from biochemical, enzymatic and functional studies have shown that insulin and/or blood glucose control reverse some early diabetic changes that are probably related to the late events. Recent studies suggest that observations on animals that have shown the beneficial effect of treatment are relevant to the problem of diabetic microvascular lesions in man. Heredity influences the development of diabetic microangiopathy in diabetics but retinal and/or glomerular lesions — which are definitely not pathognomonic for diabetes — do not appear in the absence of hyperglycaemia. Muscle capillary basement membrane thickening that seems not to be a specific abnormality was not observed by several investigators in recently diagnosed diabetics. Therefore most of the arguments that have been given to support the point of view that tight control is not justified may be rejected. The opinion of the author is that strict control of diabetes is worthwile in patients with long life expectancy and no psychological, social or cultural handicaps.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Diabetologia 18 (1980), S. 447-452 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Schlagwort(e): Haemoglobin A1c ; Insulin-dependent diabetes ; Blood glucose control ; Multiple insulin injections
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Haemoglobin A1c concentrations were measured in 102 insulin-treated diabetic outpatients. Only 19% had Hb A1c levels below three standard deviations above the normal mean value (5.23±0.05%). There were no correlations between Hb A1c levels, random C-peptide immunoreactivity or age. A significant correlation (r = 0.49; p〈 0.001) was, however, observed between HbA1c and random plasma glucose levels. The mean random plasma glucose value was normal (89±18 mg/ 100 ml; 5±1 mmol/l) in the patients on insulin three times a day who had received short acting insulin 160 ±6 min before the sampling. — A significant inverse correlation was found (r = -0.26; p〈0.01) between the number of daily insulin injections and the HbA1c concentration. — These results suggest that the use of multiple daily insulin injections improves diabetic control. It should however be emphasised that the patients receiving multiple insulin injections were younger than those on the single injection regime and had lower plasma insulin antibody titres, different social and psychological status and a shorter duration of the disease.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Diabetologia 18 (1980), S. 289-292 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Schlagwort(e): Amniotic fluid ; C-peptide ; insulin ; diabetes ; pregnancy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Glucose, insulin and C-peptide were determined in amniotic fluid from 28 normal and 46 insulin-treated diabetic pregnant women. Glucose, insulin and C-peptide concentrations in amniotic fluid were higher in the diabetics than in the normal subjects. In diabetic women insulin levels did not correlate with birth weight or birth weight adjusted for gestational age, but C-peptide did. C-peptide correlated poorly with insulin (p〈0.05) in diabetics but closely (p〈0.002) in normal subjects. These results suggest that amniotic fluid investigations in insulintreated diabetic women should use C-peptide assays as these seem to reflect more closely the insulin production of the fetus than do insulin assays. There were no differences in amniotic fluid glucose, insulin and C-peptide concentrations where the amniotic fluid lecithin-sphingomyelin ratio indicated fetal pulmonary maturity or immaturity.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Diabetologia 24 (1983), S. 95-99 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Schlagwort(e): Hypoglycaemia ; Type 1 diabetes ; diabetes management
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The aim of this study was to discover the frequency, severity and causes of hypoglycaemic reactions in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes. One hundred and seventy-two outpatients answered a questionnaire which also inquired about their feelings, opinions and fears with respect to insulin reactions. Hypoglycaemic reactions were common: a mild episode occurred at least once a month in 58% of patients, and at least one severe reaction (defined by the need of assistance) during the past year was described by 26%. Both were positively related to the duration of the disease. However, the occurrence of mild and severe attacks was not related. In addition, patients prone to mild hypoglycaemia seem to be somewhat different from patients prone to severe attacks in their attitudes towards the disease. For example, mild reactions are more frequent in patients devoted to ‘perfect’ control, whereas severe episodes were observed more frequently in those who did not think that controlling diabetes is a difficult task. The social consequences of any reaction, even mild, were important in 30% of the patients. Twenty-one percent of the patients said that the short-term risks of a hypoglycaemic reaction, even if correctly treated, were high and 6% said that the fear of having a reaction was unbearable. In addition to rational explanations, emotional factors were given as a cause of hypoglycaemia (14%), but 11% of cases felt that attacks occured without any obvious reason in spite of correct management.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Diabetologia 5 (1969), S. 25-28 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Schlagwort(e): Diabetes ; uraemia ; growth hormone ; glucagon ; insulin
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Résumé Cette étude confirme nos premiers résultats démontrant une sécrétion d'insuline importante et prolongée chez des patients présentant une azotémie élevée et une intolérance au glucose. Elle montre que les caractéristiques des sécrétions d'hormone de croissance et de glucagon ne sont pas modifiées chez ces patients bien nourris qui présentent des maladies rénales avec hyper azotémie : les valeurs à jeun sont dans les limites normales et la réponse au cours d'un test de tolérance au glucose d'une durée de 5 h est normale, excepté chez un homme ayant une maladie de Fabry chez lequel une très importante augmentation de l'hormone de croissance dans le plasma a été observée au début du GTT lorsque le glucose du sang s'élevait. Il n'y a pas d'augmentation d'hormone de croissance dans le plasma pendant le test de tolérance au glucose de 60 min. Les valeurs du glucagon plasmatique sont normales.-Cette étude effectuée sur 11 sujets montre que la diminution de la tolérance au glucose qui est observée chez les patients azotémiques en présence d'une sécrétion d'insuline importante et prolongée ne peut pas être mise en relation avec des anomalies de sécrétion de l'hormone de croissance ou du glucagon.
    Kurzfassung: Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Untersuchung bestätigt unsere früheren Resultate, die bei Patienten mit Urämie und Störungen der Glucosetoleranz eine ausgeprägte und verlängerte Insulinsekretion zeigten. Sie ergibt ferner, daß das Verhalten der Sekretion von Wachstumshormon und Glucagon bei diesen Patienten mit chronischen Nierenerkrankungen, die sich in gutem Ernährungszustand befinden, nicht verändert war: Die Nüchternwerte lagen im Normbereich und während eines 5stündigen Glucosetoleranztestes kam es zu einer normalen Reaktion, wenn man von einem Mann mit Fabry'scher Erkrankung absieht, bei dem zu Beginn des GTT während des Blutzuckeranstieges eine sehr starke Zunahme des Wachstumshormons festzustellen war. Während des einstündigen i.v. GTT stieg das Plasma H.G.H. nicht an. Die Plasma-Glucagonspiegel verhielten sich normal.— Diese Untersuchungen an 11 Probanden zeigen, daß die verringerte Glucosetoleranz bei urämischen Patienten bei gleichzeitig verstärkter und verlängerter Insulinaus-schüttung nicht auf eine gestörte Sekretion von Wachstumshormon oder Glucagon zurückgeht.
    Notizen: Summary This study confirms our first results showing large and prolonged insulin secretion in patients with azotaemia and glucose intolerance. It shows that the pattern of growth hormone and glucagon secretions was not modified in these well nourished patients with chronic renal diseases and hyperazotaemia : the fasting values were in the normal range and the response during a 5 h glucose tolerance test was normal, except in one man with Fabry's disease, in whom a very large increase in plasma growth hormone was observed at the beginning of the GTT when the blood glucose increased. There was no increase in plasma H.G. H. during the intravenous glucose tolerance test of 60 min. Plasma glucagon values were normal.-This study done on 11 subjects shows that the diminished tolerance to glucose observed in azotaemic patients in presence of a large and prolonged insulin secretion cannot be related to abnormalities in growth hormone or glucagon secretion.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Schlagwort(e): Randomized clinical trial ; insulin dependent treatment ; retinopathy ; microaneurysms
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary We have previously reported a slower rate of progression in the number of microaneurysms in insulin dependent diabetic patients treated by divided insulin injections when compared to patients receiving a single daily insulin injection [Diabetes 25, 463–469 (1976)]. This observation is strengthened by the present analysis which uses complementary data obtained after a further year follow up: the mean yearly increase in the number of microaneurysms was 9±1 in the single injection group and 3±1 in the multiple one (p 〈 0.001).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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