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  • Electronic Resource  (2,219)
  • Loose Leaf
  • 2010-2014
  • 1970-1974  (2,219)
  • Chemical Engineering  (1,794)
  • Electron microscopy  (425)
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  • Electronic Resource  (2,219)
  • Loose Leaf
Years
Year
Keywords
  • 101
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Similarities between Hassall's corpuscles of the human thymus and the epidermis (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 151 (1974), S. 347-368 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Human thymus ; Hassall's corpuscles ; Histochemistry ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Substrate-histochemical, enzyme-hystochemical and ultrastructural investigations were performed on thymic tissue from children, obtained in heart operations. β-Amylaseresistant, PAS-positive and Hale-positive substrates presumably neutral and acid mucosubstances, can be demonstrated in the central concentric lamellae of Hassall's corpuscles (HC). These lamellae also give positive reactions for sulphydryl groups and disulphide groups. Some flattened cell elements gave strong reactions for phospholipids, and small sudanophilic droplets, presumably neutral fats, are scattered throughout the HC. All investigated hydrolases and dehydrogenases either give no or only very weak reactions in the central part of progressive HC, but react strongly positive in their peripheral hypertrophic epithelial cells. In the central part of regressive HC, positive reactions for acid phosphatase and β-D-glucuronidase were recognized. These lysosomal enzymes may indicate degenerative processes. By electron microscopy progressive HC show central concentric lamellae with an amorphous matrix tightly filled with tonofilaments. They are surrounded by a thickened plasma membrane (200 Å), and do not contain nuclei. These central lamellae resemble the horny cells of the epidermis. The peripheral hypertrophic epithelial cells have pale nuclei with one or two nucleoli. Their cytoplasm contains numerous tonofibrils. These cells resemble stratum spinosum cells of the epidermis. In regressive HC the central concentric lamellae loose their intercellular contacts. The widened intercellular spaces are filled with cellular debris, and are invaded by macrophages. Similarities between the ultrastructure and the patterns of the histochemically investigated substrates and enzymes in human HC and epidermis are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224546
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  • 102
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the juxtaglomerular apparatus (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 151 (1974), S. 471-480 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Juxtaglomerular apparatus ; Rat ; Influence of deoxycorticosterone (DOC) ; Electron microscopy ; Morphometric analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die quantitativ-morphologische Analyse des juxtaglomerulären Apparates nach DOC-Behandlung zeigte, daß mit der Hemmung der Reninbildung eine Hypoplasie der epitheloiden Zellen des juxtaglomerulären Apparates einhergeht. Der Granulagehalt der juxtaglomerulären Zellen nahm ab; die Kern-Plasma-Relation änderte sich und die Leiomyofibrillen in den Epitheloidzellen nahmen zu. An den übrigen Anteilen des juxtaglomerulären Apparates, insbesondere der Macula densa, wurden keine morphologischen Veränderungen beobachtet. Die DOC-Behandlung führte darüber hinaus zu einer Bildung von Einschlüssen in den Podocyten, den Mesangiumzellen und den Zellen der Bowman-Membran. Die verschiedenen Möglichkeiten, über welche Faktoren die juxtaglomerulären Zellen nach DOC-Behandlung degranuliert werden, werden diskutiert. Das ultrastrukturelle Bild der Epitheloidzellen nach DOC-Behandlung entspricht deutlich einer gehemmten Sekretion, da das Ergastoplasma und der Golgi-Apparat ganz besonders stark zurückgebildet werden.
    Notes: Summary Quantitative morphological analysis of the Juxtaglomerular apparatus of rats treated with deoxycorticosterone (DOC) and salt revealed hypoplasia of the epithelioid cells as a concomitant of the inhibition of renin synthesis. The granular content of the Juxtaglomerular cells was significantly decreased, while the nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio and the volume density of leiomyofilaments in the epithelioid cells increased. No morphological alterations were observed in the remaining constituents of the Juxtaglomerular apparatus, including the macula densa. DOC-treatment also induced the appearance of inclusions in the podocytes in the cells of the mesangium, and in the cells of Bowman's capsule. The possible mechanisms of degranulation of the Juxtaglomerular cells after treatment with DOC are discussed. The ultrastructural appearance of the epithelioid cells after treatment with DOC corresponds to an inhibition of secretion, since the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus undergo marked regressive changes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222992
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  • 103
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The reaggregation of neurons and their satellite cells in cultures of trypsin-dissociated spinal ganglia (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 152 (1974), S. 175-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Cell aggregation ; Spinal ganglia ; Cell cultures ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Dorsal root spinal ganglia of chick embryos were trypsinized and the cellular components isolated. Suspensions of these cells reaggregate. During this process satellite glial cells and neurons established intimate contacts. The reconstructed glial envelopes around the neurons are morphologically similar to the ones formed in the intact animal during development. The formation of the characteristic glial-neuronal relation is an example of specific cell recognition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224693
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  • 104
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The interaction of phagocytes and the large-sized parasite Cryptococcus neoformans: Cytochemical and ultrastructural study (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 152 (1974), S. 165-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Phagocytosis ; Large foreign bodies ; Cryptococcus neoformans ; Tissue culture ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The yeast Cryptococcus neoformans may develop under certain conditions a large polysaccharide capsule 50–100 μM in diameter and therefore cannot be phagocytosed by either polymorphonuclear cells (PMN's) or mononuclear phagocytes (MN's). The cellular defense mechanism — in various animals — against the yeast is composed by formation of ringlike structure of PMN's or MN's cells which surround the C. neoformans. Ring structures develop either in vivo or in vitro in tissue culture; destruction of the yeast occurs within 36–72 hours. Several hydrolases, such as acid phosphatase, β-glucuronidase and non-specific esterase were found to be released from the phagocytic cells into the enclosed yeast. Considerable reduction of NBT used as a marker for oxidative activity was observed in MN rings at contact regions of the MN cells and the yeast. Electron microscopic studies indicate that the phagocytic cells in the ring structure have many pseudopodes penetrating into the polysaccharide capsule of the yeast. Disintegration of the capsule was observed as well as phagocytosis of its material. A possible analogy between normal phagocytosis of small-sized bodies and the ring structure obtained when large bodies are involved is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224692
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  • 105
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Involution of the caudal musculature during metamorphosis in the ascidian, Botryllus schlosseri (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 153 (1974), S. 293-305 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Ascidia (Botryllus schlosseri) ; Metamorphosis ; Muscle tissue involution ; Phagocytes ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The caudal musculature of the free-swimming tadpole of the ascidian, B. schlosseri consists of cylindrical mononucleated cells connected in longitudinal rows flanking the axial notochord. During resorption of the larval tail, which is apparently induced by the contraction of the epidermis, muscle cells are dissociated and pushed into the body cavity where most of them are rapidly engulfed by phagocytes. In the initial stages of tail withdrawal muscle cells display surface alterations due to the disruption of intercellular junctions and disarrangement of myofibrils. Extensive degenerative changes, with shrinkage of mitochondria and disintegration of the contractile material are subsequently observed. Lysosomes and autophagic vacuoles are rarely seen and appear to play a secondary role in the degradation of the muscle cells, which occurs predominantly within the phagocytes. Myofilaments and myofibrils have never been observed within autophagic vacuoles. Clumps of muscle fragments and degenerated phagocytes undergo eventual dissolution in the blood lacunae, concomitantly with the differentiation of the young oozooid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00229160
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  • 106
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adhesion plaques associated with the production of a daughter cell in Euglypha (Testacea; Potozoa) (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 153 (1974), S. 261-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Amoebae (Testacea) ; Siliceous plates ; Production ; Role of microtubules in fission ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Euglypha acanthophora and Euglypha strigosa, testate amoebae with siliceous shells, undergo binary fission producing daughter cells. The siliceous plates from which the shells are constructed are produced in the Golgi and perinuclear regions of the parent. At binary fission these pass along microtubule pathways and are manoeuvered into position in the daughter-cell by microtubule (20–25 nm) and microfilament (7–9 nm) systems. The latter in the form of adhesion plaques are instrumental in the coordination and deployment of the shell-plates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00226614
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  • 107
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transformations of hypothalamic arcuate neurons (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 153 (1974), S. 497-515 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Arcuate nucleus ; Hypothalamus ; Sexual cycle ; Ribbon-rolls ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Changes in subcellular structures of arcuate neurons correlated in a consistent way with stages of the estrous cycle of the rat. Associated with the rough endoplasmic reticulum short ribbons of moderately electron dense material appeared at metestrus and circular or elliptical bodies termed “ribbon-rolls” at diestrus and proestrus. Although present in proestrus, the ribbon-rolls were smaller at this stage. In a few neurons in diestrous females and in ovariectomized animals one to seven months before perfusion multiple large ribbon-rolls occupied much of the cytoplasm. Also, frequency of dense granules and lysosomes increased in diestrus. The significance of the ribbon-rolls and changes in other structures during the estrous cycle are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00231543
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  • 108
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The ventricular system in neuroendocrine mechanisms (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 154 (1974), S. 1-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Ventricle ; Tanycytes ; Monoamine transport ; Autoradiography ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary This investigation has dealt with a light and electron microscopic autoradiographic analysis of the median eminence of the rat following intraventricular infusion of 3H-dopamine. This study has demonstrated that 3H-dopamine, once infused into the mammalian cerebral ventricular system, is rapidly and selectively absorbed by tanycytes and transported to the contact zone within 5 minutes after ventricular infusion. Certain axon terminals in the ependymal, hypendymal, and palisade-contact zones selectively sequester 3H-dopamine as do subpopulations of arcuate neurons. This picture of intense labelling of neurons and axon terminals is discussed with respect to monoaminergic re-uptake mechanisms. Uptake and transport of 3H-DA by tanycytes is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00221067
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  • 109
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new membrane organelle in developing amphibian neurones (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 154 (1974), S. 103-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Plasma membrane specialisations ; Developing neurons ; Xenopus laevis ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Membrane specialisations have been found on neurones in embryos of the clawed toad Xenopus laevis. The specialisations have been called dense membrane knobs and consist of an outpushing of the plasma membrane with a slight increase in its density. The out-pushing forms a spherical knob with an amorphous dense core and a total diameter of 500 to 600 Å. The knobs are found on axons and dendrites both in the spinal cord and peripherally.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00221074
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  • 110
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gap junctions in the heart of teleost fish (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 154 (1974), S. 131-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Heart musculature ; Teleost ; Gap junctions ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary An examination of cell contacts was made in the atrial and ventricular muscle of Teleost fish. The intercalated discs consist of two types of junction resembling fascia and macula adherens. Small focal areas of gap junctions were shown to be numerous away from the regions of intercalated disc between the myocardial cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00221077
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  • 111
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of the neurosecretory system of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 154 (1974), S. 275-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Neurosecretion ; Insect ; Leptinotarsa decemlineata ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructure of seven types of neurosecretory cells (NSC) in the medial and lateral groups of the protocerebrum is described. The differences among cell types established earlier by light microscopy parallel differences in size and appearance of the neurosecretory particles observed in electron micrographs. No relationship was found between the affinity for Gomori's paraldehyde fuchsin stain and the nature of the particles. The secretions of the A-, A1-, and C-types of NSC of the medial group are characterized by electron-dense neurosecretory granules of 1250 Å dia., medium-dense granules of 2100 Å, and electron-lucent vesicles of 1700 Å, respectively. The L-type NSCof the lateral group contain smaller (1300 Å) or larger (1700 Å) neurosecretory granules. The medial B- and E-types of NSC and the lateral LB-type contain granulated vesicles (1200 Å) of the same appearance. These cell types differ in other respects and most likely have separate functions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223726
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  • 112
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Myofibroblasts in the rat testicular capsule (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 154 (1974), S. 533-541 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Myofibroblasts ; Testicular capsule (rat) ; Connective tissue ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A specialized type of fibroblast occurs in the testicular capsule of adult rats. The flattened cells are characterized by bundles of cytoplasmic filaments. Filament bundles run parallel to the cell surface and insert in plaques of granular, electron dense material which is attached to the inner surface of the plasma membrane (attachment zones). Cytoplasmic filaments measure 60–80 Å in diameter. Sporadically plaques of basal lamina-like material are found, especially in the region of attachment zones. These specialized fibroblasts are interpreted as myofibroblasts. It is supposed that contractility of the testicular capsule in rats is caused by myofibroblasts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00219672
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  • 113
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The ultrastructure of the sinus gland of Carcinus maenas (Crustacea: Decapoda) (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 155 (1974), S. 117-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Sinus gland ; Carcinus maenas (Crustacea, Decapoda) ; Nerve fibre cell types ; Neurosecretion ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The sinus gland of Carcinus maenas consists of the swollen axonal endings of the neurosecretory cells of the major ganglia and acts as a storage release centre for the membrane bound neurosecretory material. These neurosecretory granules fall into five different types based on size and electron density. Their contents are released by exocytosis of the primary granules or smaller units budded from the primary granules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00220288
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  • 114
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fine structural and enzyme histochemical observations on the dorsal tail tubercle of Mertensiella caucasica (Urodela, Amphibia) (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 156 (1974), S. 103-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Dorsal tail tubercle ; Urodela ; Skin ; Hedonic glands ; Electron microscopy ; Enzyme histochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Dorsal tubercle and skin of Mertensiella caucasica have been investigated with the electron microscope and enzyme histochemical methods. The epidermis of the tubercle consists of 8–9 cell layers, that of normal dorsal skin of 5–6. The tubercle is filled with large mucous glands which are surrounded by an almost complete layer of smooth muscle cells (myoepithelial cells). Their glandular cells undergo cyclical changes and are characterized by specific secretory granules, which differ from those of the relatively small mucous glands of the normal dorsal skin. In the connective tissue of the tubercle a relatively rich supply of nerve fibres has been found, which in part contain synaptic and dense core vesicles or accumulations of mitochondria. In the normal dorsal skin nerve fibres occur less frequently. The following enzymes have been demonstrated in the mucous glands of the tubercle: SDH, acid phosphatase, unspecific esterases, E 600 resistant esterase. The tubercle seems to stimulate the female cloaca chemically and mechanically.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00220104
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  • 115
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analytical formulas for disk filters (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 36-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Formulas relating the rate of filtrate flow in a sectioned disk filter to the process variables are derived. It is demonstrated that an optimum inner radius which yields a maximum flow of filtrate can be chosen. Flow rates for drum and disk filters operating under similar conditions are compared.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200104
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  • 116
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of the normal stress extruder (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 67-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A theoretical and experimental investigation of the pumping characteristics of the normal stress extruder was made. The theoretical model requires only material property data and extruder dimensions and rotation speed to evaluate the main velocity field, flow rate, and pressure. The flow from the extruder was measured for two viscoelastic polymer solutions and a polymer melt as a function of gap setting and angular velocity. These measurements were in reasonable agreement with the proposed model.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200108
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  • 117
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Salt effects on vapor-liquid equilibrium: Some anomalies (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 103-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Experimental data are presented for five systems, each consisting of water, an alcohol (methanol or ethanol), and an inorganic salt dissolved to saturation in the boiling liquid phase. The data confirm and extend knowledge of recently discovered anomalies to the general theory of salt effect in vapor-liquid equilibrium. A partial accounting for the observed anomalies is attempted based on recent advances in the understanding of the structural nature of alcohol-water mixtures.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200113
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  • 118
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chlorination of sulfur dioxide in a plasma arc photochemical reactor: Part I. Reactor performance (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 141-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This is a study of a photochemical reactor consisting of a vortex-stabilized arc and an annular, triple-walled, fused silica reaction chamber. An argon arc plasma provides the light. For power inputs of 3-12 kw, the spectral output of the light source was characterized as a function of wavelength, arc-gas flow rate, power input to the arc, and position along the arc. For power inputs of 3.84 and 8.45 kw, there were, respectively, 0.314 and 0.862 einsteins emitted per hour in the 2500 to 5000Å wavelength region. Selective filter solutions of 1.5N KNO3 and 0.05N KI were investigated. A reactor analysis is presented, based on mass and energy balances, and the geometrical properties of the system.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200118
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  • 119
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Turbulent diffusivities for turbulent pipe flow (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 172-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200123
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  • 120
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of reaction rate on the openloop stability of chemical reactors (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 175-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200126
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  • 121
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Criteria for the onset of drag reduction (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 185-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200131
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  • 122
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Note on light transmission through a polydisperse dispersion (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 184-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200130
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  • 123
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rectilinear diameter for saturated densities of binary mixtures (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 200-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200136
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  • 124
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemical engineers' handbook, R. H. Perry and C. H. Chilton (eds.), McGraw-Hill, New York (1973). $35.00 (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 205-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200140
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  • 125
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Letters to the editor (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 207-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200145
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  • 126
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    Errata (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 206-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200144
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  • 127
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    Molecular oxygen induced crystallite size effect in reduction of nitric oxide with ammonia ober supported platinum (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 219-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effect of changing platinum crystallite size from 2.7 to 15.5 nm on the specific catalytic activity in NO reduction by NH3, with and without added O2, was studied over alumina supported platinum catalysts between 423 and 473°K. In the NO-NH3 system both specific catalytic activity and selectivity to N2 are independent of crystallite size. In the NO-O2-NH3 system the specific catalytic activity of the 15.5 nm crystallites is about six times that of the 2.7 nm crystallites. The NO reduction rate shows dependence on NO to the first power and on NH3 to the one-half power.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200203
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  • 128
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    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200101
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  • 129
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fast fluxes with supercritical solvents (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 353-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Measurements of iodine dissolution rates in supercritical carbon dioxide and other supercritical fluids show when the iodine flux in these systems can be made fast. For these systems, the dominant factor in achieving this fast flux is the solubility; increases in diffusion coefficient have less effect. An approximate guide for estimating these fluxes is developed and compared with the experimental results.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200222
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  • 130
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Catalyst temperature profiles under poisoned conditions (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 395-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200230
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  • 131
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas absorption with first-order reaction in turbulent liquid films (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 402-404 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200233
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  • 132
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    Longe'S handbook of chemistry, 11th edit., John A. Dean, (Ed.), McGraw-Hill, New York, xiii + 1, (1973). 576 pages. $19.50 (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 413-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200237
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  • 133
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    Electronic Resource
    Vapor liquid equilibria, L. R. Iellrich, U. J. Plöcker, and H. Knapp, Institute of Thermodynamics, Technical University of Berlin (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 414-414 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200241
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  • 134
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    Electronic Resource
    Errata (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 415-416 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200245
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  • 135
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    π-Particulate information, Particle Science and Technology Information Service, University of Technology, Loughborough, Leicestershire, England. $43/yr (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 206-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200142
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  • 136
    Electronic Resource
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    Determination of slip ratios in air-water two-phase critical flow at high quality levels utilizing holographic techniques (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 209-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Holographic techniques employing a pulse ruby laser were used to measure the size and velocity of drops for air-water two-phase critical flow at quality levels above 0.95. The use of a large numerical aperture in the holographic recording system permitted diffraction limited resolution of the droplets. The measured slip ratio a long withthe observation that a very significant portion of the liquid phase was concentrated near the boundary layer at the exit plane indicates that a separated flow model describing two-phase critical flow would represent the actual conditions to a better degree than the other models.
    Additional Material: 20 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200202
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  • 137
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    Electronic Resource
    Coagulation of lead chloride aerosol in the presence of water vapor (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 273-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Polydisperse submicronic lead chloride aerosols were generated from melt phase under dry and humid conditions. The particle size and concentration increased with increasing generation temperature. The aerosol particles generated in a dry atmosphere were pherical while the aerosol particles generated in humid atmosphere showed development of crystallinity at the surface.Coagulation rates of the aerosol generated in a dry atmosphere were measured at room temperature under different humidities. The coagulation rates were in goodagreement with Smoluchowski's theory, modified to include the effect of polydisperisity and were unaffected by humidity. The interaction of lead chloride particles with the water vapor was characterized by a process of adsorption a the interfce. The coagulated aerosol exhibited a chain structure for humidities lower than 70% and, at higher humidities, compact agglomeration was observed.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200210
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  • 138
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Separation of multicomponent mixtures via thermal parametric pumping (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 306-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A thermal continuous parametric pump for separating multicomponent mixtures was experimentally investigated using the model system tolueneaniline-n-heptane on silica gel adsorbent. A simple method for predicting separations is presented and is found to be in good agreement with the experimental results. The method, based on an equilibrium theory, invokes the assumption that a multicomponent mixture contains a series of pseudo binary systems. Each binary system consists of one of the solutes as one component and the common inert solvent as the other component.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200215
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  • 139
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermodynamic properties of sea salt solutions (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 326-335 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Based on new experimental data presented for the boiling point elevation of natural sea water solutions, smoothed tabular values are presented for boiling point elevation (BPE), osmotic coefficient, water activity, osmotic pressure, and minimum separation energy to 200°C and 12% sea salt.The concentration of sodium chloride solutions having the same water activities as sea salt solutions is also presented.Rigorous thermodynamics and the equations for strong electrolytes by Bromley (1973) were used for the correlation together with previously obtained heat capacity and enthalpy data and equations. A simplified equation is presented for boiling point elevation.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200218
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  • 140
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    Electronic Resource
    Carbon dioxide-ethane phase equilibrium and densities from experimental measurements and the B-W-R equation (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 357-362 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Liquid composition-total pressure and liquid composition-liquid density data for the carbon dioxide-ethane system were measured at -31.7°, -17.8°, -3.9°, and 10.0°C (-25°, 0°, 25°, and 50°F ± 0.02°F), from 0 to 80 mole % CO2 at 10°C and 0 to 100% CO2 for the other isotherms. The Benedict-Webb-Rubin equation of state with a modified A0 mixing rule was used to correlate the composition-pressure data, with deviations in predicted pressures of only 0.8% average and 2% maximum. Vapor-liquid equilibrium compositions and component K values y/x were then predicted for this minimum boiling azeotrope system from 10° down to -56.7°C (50° to -70°F).
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200223
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  • 141
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fault tree synthesis for chemical processes (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 376-387 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper outlines the concepts for a systematic approach to the safety analysis of chemical processing systems. A procedure for automatically generating fault trees is presented. The fault trees describe nearly all the failure modes for the system under analysis. The fault tree generation procedure uses information on (1) the description of the system (detailed flowsheet), (2) physical and chemical properties of materials in and around the system, and (3) unit models which describe the behavior of the units within the system and which are assembled to describe the behavior of the complete system. The unit models are connected to form an information flow structure for the complete processing system. Unit failure models are also defined for common chemical units. By systematically defining hazard states and searching the information flow structure for the system, it is possible to generate fault trees for the complete process. An analysis of the fault trees can reveal the important failure modes for the process.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200226
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  • 142
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    nth - Order reaction with mole changes in porous catalysts in the molecular, transition, and Knudsen regimes (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 391-393 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200228
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  • 143
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis and optimization of the Williams-Otto process by geometric programming (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 742-750 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper applies the principles of geometric programming to the optimization of the well-known Williams-Otto process. Following the trend of the articles published on this subject, two different objective functions are considered and the results are compared to those of other investigators.The dual geometric program is used to provide an answer to the question of why the optimal value of the objective function remains unchanged for perturbations in a certain variable.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200416
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  • 144
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas absorption by non-Newtonian fluids in agitated vessels (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 770-775 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Carbon dioxide was absorbed by aqueous Carbopol solutions in a turbine-agitated vessel for the cases of absorption across an unbroken interface and absorption with the gas bubbling through the liquid. The rheological behavior of the solutions was described by the non-Newtonian power law model with flow behavior indices varying from 0.92 to 0.59. An effective viscosity technique which had previously been developed to correlate agitated vessel rates of viscous dissipation and heat transfer with power law pseudoplastic fluids was used to correlate the data.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200419
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  • 145
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    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200301
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  • 146
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unsteady mass transfer in a long composite cylinder with interfacial resistances (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 461-466 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A solution is given for unsteady state concentration profiles in an infinitely long composite cylinder resulting from a step-change in concentration in a large reservoir surrounding the cylinder. The composite cylinder consists of an inner cylinder with diffusivity D1 surrounded by a permeable tube with diffusivity D2 and has interfacial mass transfer resistances at the cylinder-tube and tube-reservoir interfaces. Numerical values are given for the first eight roots and various coefficients of the solution for physical properties typical of tubular (hollow fiber) membranes. These results can be used in the analysis of data from unsteady state mass transfer experiments to determine the permeability of homogeneous tubular membranes. A simple, approximate method for data analysis is suggested for the rapid estimation of the permeability of both homogeneous and asymmetric (skinned) tubular membranes.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200305
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  • 147
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    Synthesis strategies for multicomponent separation systems with energy integration (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 491-502 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The problem of synthesizing an optimal multicomponent separation system which is energy integrated is solved by a combined decomposition and dynamic programming technique.Dynamic programming is an optimization technique which allows the solution by decomposition of a multistage or serial optimization problem. Whenever the special serial structure is absent, again decomposition can be tried, but in this case it is by no means obvious how to decompose effectively the given problem into subproblems. In this paper the nonserial problem of synthesizing an energy integrated separation system is solved by decomposing the original problem so that a serial structure results.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200309
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  • 148
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    Sorption and diffusivity characteristics of acid-leached mordenites (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 522-529 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The apparent diffusivity for the binary liquid systems benzene-cumene and cyclohexane-cumene in H-mordenite crystals at 25°C to 44°C was increased by an order of magnitude or more after the zeolite was acid-leached to increase the silica-alumina mole ratio from the range of 14 to 18 to the range of 70 to 89. The calculated diffusivities, which range from 10-12 to 10-16 cm2/s, decrease with approach to sorption equilibrium and may be markedly reduced under some circumstances by adsorption of molecules from the bulk liquid, causing blockage of pores.Comparison of sorption capacities as a function of silica-alumina ratio as reported by various investigators indicates that considerable differences exist in the properties of acid-leached mordenites of the same silica-alumina ratio but of different origins.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200313
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  • 149
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    Prediction of transport processes within porous media: Creeping flow relative to a fixed swarm of spherical particles (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 530-538 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A geometric model for an homogeneous swarm of spherical particles was introduced by us in an earlier paper and successfully employed in a theoretical investigation of diffusive transport processes occurring therein.The same geometric model is used here in a theoretical study of the hydrodynamic transport process occurring within a fixed swarm of spherical particles. The product of the application of this model to the problem of incompressible, creeping fluid flow within an homogeneous swarm of impermeable spherical particles may be regarded as a logical extension of the well-known Brinkman model; it permits physical representation and rigorous mathematical solution, yielding predictions which are in good agreement with experimental data throughout the entire porosity range. For porosities in excess of 0.7, the predictions agree closely with those obtained by means of Happel's free surface model.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200314
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  • 150
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    Comparison of the Kalman filter with classical digital filter (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 598-600 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200324
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  • 151
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    Statistical characteristics of thin, wavy films: Part II. Studies of the substrate and its wave structure (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 695-706 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Waves on falling liquid film display certain random features. At least two classes of such random waves are shown to exist; large waves which carry the bulk of the fluid and small waves which cover a substrate film that exists between large waves. It is shown that the statistics of the substrate thicknes and its wave structure can be extracted from measurements of the variation of film thickness with time. A theory is presented for calculating the mean substrate thickness and the substrate flow rate. The statistics of the wave structure is presented and compared with existing theory. The importance of the substrate in controlling transfer processes is demonstrated.
    Additional Material: 24 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200410
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  • 152
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    New developments in gas chromatography, Howard Purnell, (ed.), John Wiley, New York (1973). 408 pages. $9.95 (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 1040-1040 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200540
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  • 153
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    A semimicro thermomechanical technique for characterizing polymeric materials: Torsional braid analysis (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 1066-1079 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An overview of a nondestructive semimicro mechanical technique-pioneered, developed, and exploited by the author-which is used for characterizing phase transitions and transformations in polymeric materials is presented. Particular attention is given to literature published since January, 1972, which pertains to advances in automation, data acquisition and processing, and application to polymeric systems. The instrument has been consolidated as a powerful and convenient mechanical spectrometer in this short period.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200603
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  • 154
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    Kinetics of ice crystallization in sugar solutions and fruit juices (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 795-803 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Ice-crystal secondary nucleation kinetics are derived from thermal response experiments carried out with concentrated sugar solutions and fruit juices. Variables studied include the level of supersaturation, power input, sugar concentration, sugar type, and the presence of high-molecular-weight additives. The nucleation rate is indicated to have a low-order dependence upon subcooling (about 1.25 power) for subcoolings in the range 0.25 to 1.00°C. Fruit juices are well modeled by the corresponding synthetic sugar solution. The selection and improvement of processing approaches for freeze concentration of food liquids are discussed in light of the experimental results.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200422
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  • 155
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    An example of the effect of chemical interactions on transport phenomena (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 819-820 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200426
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    Proces modeling, estimation, and identification, John H. Seinfeld and Leon Lapidus, Vol. 3 of Mathematical Methods in Chemical Engineering, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J. (1974). $19.95. 545 pages (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 830-830 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200434
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  • 157
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    Biochemical engineering, second edition, S. Aiba, A. E. Humphrey, and N. F. Millis, Academic Press, Inc., New York (1973). 434 pages $28.50. Also publ. in English by Univ. Tokyo Press, Japan, 6000 yen (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 831-831 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200435
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  • 158
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    Three-phase equilibria using equations of state (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 847-855 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: It is demonstrated that a single equation of state may be used to describe all three phases in liquid-liquid-vapor equilibrium situations. Wilson's version of the Redlich-Kwong equation is shown to predict accurately the water solubility in normal paraffins with interaction parameters k12 = 0.50. A simple procedure for three-phase flash computations is presented. Results obtained using this procedure for the system methane, n-butane, water exhibit many of the characteristics of the experimental data of McKetta and Katz (1948). In particular, the water content of the vapor phase and the liquid hydrocarbon phase are accurately predicted.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200504
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  • 159
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    Part II. Case study of the effect of the dimensionless groups and comparison with experimental data (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 900-905 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A case study is made to determine the dependence of the deep bed filtration rate (expressed in terms of the fraction of suspended particles impacted) on the eight dimensionless parameters, which are found to be relevant in the filtration process, based on the trajectory calculation method developed in Part I of this series. In addition, comparisons between results based on the theoretical model of this work and available experimental data are made. Comparisons are also made with some of FitzPatrick's theoretical results. The results of this study demonstrate clearly the complex and interactive nature of the relation between the various parameters and the efficiency of filtration. Accordingly, the conventional format of correlating experimental data, which equates the filter coefficient with a product of the pertinent dimensionless groups, each raised to an empirical exponent, will not be adequate in providing a generalized correlation of experimental filtration data.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200510
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  • 160
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    Application of Khodorov's and Li's entrainment equations to rotary coke calciners (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 1017-1020 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200527
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  • 161
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    Failure of the element-by-species method to calculate the number of independent reactions (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 1026-1027 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200531
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  • 162
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    Electronic Resource
    Entrainment in rotary cylinders (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 1031-1034 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200535
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  • 163
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A coating technique for mass transfer spheres (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 823-824 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200428
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  • 164
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    An introduction to process dynamics and control, Thomas W. Weber, John Wiley, New York (1974). 434 pages. $19.95 (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 829-829 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200432
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  • 165
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    Processes for major addition-type plastics and their monomers, Lyle F. Albright, McGfaw-Hill, New York (1974). 385 pages $22.50 (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 831-831 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200436
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  • 166
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    Laboratory reactors and their limitations (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 833-840 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Choosing the type of laboratory reactor for evaluating process kinetics may be the most crucial step in an industrial process development program. Not only would a wrong choice result in expensive delays, but data may be obtained which would scale-up erroneously, leading to a disastrous commercial design. Some of the pitfalls and limitations of various laboratory reactors are discussed for some typically complex industrial reaction systems. A modus operandi is suggested for choosing from among the potential reactors those that have the best chance of supplying the desired data. As is typical of many complex industrial reaction systems, no one reactor turns out to be ideal and many times the building of two or more types is advantageous.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200502
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  • 167
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    Effect of mass transfer on laminar jet breakup: Part I. Liquid jets in gases (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 863-872 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The instability and breakup of laminar liquid jets in gaseous surroundings is investigated for conditions under which a solute is transferring across the jet interface rendering the system susceptible to Marangoni convection. Linear hydrodynamic stability analysis reveals that solute transfer out of the jet is stabilizing (produces longer jets) while transfer into the jet is destabilizing and promotes breakup. Solute adsorption, including as a limiting case the presence of a spread surfactant monolayer, may strongly counteract the stabilizing or destabilizing effects of mass transfer but has only a negligible effect on jet stability in the absence of interphase mass transfer. Qualitative experimental results for water jets in air with acetone as the transferring solute corroborate both the stabilizing and destabilizing mass transfer effects predicted by the theory.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200506
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  • 168
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    Electronic Resource
    Corresponding states. III. Henry's constants for nonpolar binary mixtures (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 906-915 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A Henry's constant correlation is developed from a macroscopic Corresponding states theory for fluid mixtures. The method requires three interaction parameters which are correlated for mixtures of paraffin with nitrogen, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, or another paraffin. Henry's constants can be calculated by this method to within experimental accuracy (about ± 5%) for the mixtures tested.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200511
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  • 169
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    Synthesis of distillation systems with energy integration (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 940-950 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A formal method is described for the synthesis of multicomponent distillation systems when energy integration is considered between streams both within the separation sequence and in other parts of the process. The pressure in each column is considered as an optimization variable for both the energy integration and column sizing computations. Four rules are used to enumerate all feasible energy matches between the streams associated with the distillation columns. A bounding strategy which uses both upper and lower bounds is combined with dynamic programming to synthesize the optimal distillation sequence with energy integration. A five-component separation problem demonstrates the effectiveness of the methods.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200515
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  • 170
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    Experimental investigation of polarization effects in reverse osmosis (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 966-974 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: With a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, salt concentration profiles were measured in a reverse osmosis system under natural convection with the membrane in a vertical position. The measured concentration profiles compared favorably with those predicted theoretically as long as the motion remained laminar. At large distances from the leading edge, however, the flow developed a wavy pattern, especially for bulk salt concentrations in excess of 0.1 moles/liter. As expected, whenever this motion became especially pronounced, the concentration of salt at the membrane surface was less and the production rate of fresh water greater than that predicted using the laminar analysis.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200518
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  • 171
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    Electronic Resource
    Minimum cost design of a multimodal fluidized reactor-heater system involving an exponential function inside an integral equation (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 996-1002 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A simple procedure for achieving the minimum cost design of a single reaction fluidized reactor system with feed and recycle heaters is presented and proven. The problem's mathematical interest stems from its multimodality, the handling of the exponential dependence of temperature, and the presence of an integral equation constraint. The proof technique is an extension of Lagrange's method, supplemented by ideas from geometric programming, extended to exponential and the integral functions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200522
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  • 172
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    Electronic Resource
    Optimal performance of equilibrium parametric pumps (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 1020-1022 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200528
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  • 173
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Liquid diffusion of nonelectrolytes: Part II (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 1-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Part II of the review paper covers the self-diffusion theories and their comparison with experimental results. This is followed by a review of empirical and semi-empirical predictive equations of mutual and self-diffusion coefficients. Recent developments in experimental techniques for measuring liquid diffusivities are discussed in the last section. A supplement of experimental diffusion data since 1956 is available.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200102
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  • 174
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    Electronic Resource
    A theoretical model for enzymatic catalysis using asymmetric hollow fiber membranes (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 50-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The behavior of an immobilized enzyme reactor utilizing asymmetric hollow fibers is simulated using a theoretical model. In this reactor, an enzyme solution contained within the annular open-cell porous support structure of the fiber is separated from a substrate flowing through the fiber lumen by an ultrathin dense membrane impermeable to enzyme but permeable to substrate and product. The coupled set of model equations describing the behavior of this reactor represents an extended Graetz problem in the fiber lumen, with diffusion through the ultrathin fiber skin and reaction in the microporous sponge region. Exact analytic expressions for substrate concentration profiles throughout an idealized fiber which incorporate the membrane and hydrodynamic mass transfer resistances are obtained for a first-order enzyme reaction, and numerical techniques for their evaluation are given. This analysis is extended to yield a numerical finite difference solution for nonlinear Michaelis-Menten reaction kinetics, which is shown to agree with the analytic solution, as Km/C0, the ratio of the Michaelis constant to the initial substrate concentration, becomes large (〉 100).
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200106
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  • 175
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the oxidation of fuel nitrogen in a diffusion flame (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 81-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The kinetic mechanisms of fuel nitrogen conversion to NO and N2 in a diffusion flame were investigated. A simple model of a diffusion flame in which the reaction zone has a finite thickness was developed. The purpose of this model was to allow the testing of complex kinetic mechanisms of pollutant formation under conditions where the fuel and oxidant feed rates are controlled by diffusion. A simple kinetic mechanism in which fuel nitrogen was simulated by nitrogen atoms showed the correct functional dependence of nitric oxide emissions on fuel nitrogen content. The model also predicts a significant effect of combustion intensity and temperature on fuel nitrogen conversion. For the hydrogen air diffusion flame the Zeldovich reaction mechanism could account for the production of N2 as well as NO.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200110
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  • 176
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    On meeting the provisions of the clean air act (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 118-127 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A general structure is proposed for determining a set of long-term (multi-year) source control measures which achieve specified levels of air quality for an airshed at least cost. Such a structure is useful in evaluating alternative air pollution abatement strategies from the standpoint of air quality and total cost. The theory is applied to the problem of evaluating sets of control actions over the period 1973-1975 in Los Angeles. Costs of achieving various levels of air quality in Los Angeles over this period are determined.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200115
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  • 177
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    Generalized f/P, ZT and ZP values for liquids at low reduced temperatures (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 109-118 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The three-parameter correlation of Pitzer et al. for fugacity coefficients (f/P) has been extended to liquids in the 0.5 ≤ Tr ≤ 0.8 and 0.2 ≤ Pr ≤ 9.0 region. In addition, values of the derivative compressibility factors ZT and ZP have also been obtained in the same region. This extension is based on the generalized correlation of the compressibility factor Z recently reported. The isothermal coefficient of bulk compressibility βT compiled by Rowlinson has been employed with the pressure effect on βT taken into consideration. The correlation for f/P obtained in this work is compared with that of Curl and Pitzer at Tr = 0.8, Chao et al. at Tr from 0.50 to 0.70, and that of Carruth and Kobayashi in the 0.50 ≤ Tr ≤ 0.64 region. Using the tabulated ZP and ZT values \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \frac{{H^* - H}}{{T_c }},{\rm }\left ({\frac{{\partial V}}{{\partial P}}} \right)_T $\end{document}, and \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \left ({\frac{{\partial V}}{{\partial T}}} \right)_P $\end{document} have been calculated and compared satisfactorily with the corresponding values derived from literature data. In addition, a correlation of vapor pressures of both hydrocarbons and nonhydrocarbons is also presented. The agreement between this correlation and those reported by Pitzer et al. and Carruth and Kobayashi is very satisfactory.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200114
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  • 178
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    Developing pressure profiles for non-Newtonian flow in an annular duct (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 154-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A steady, laminar, isothermal flow of non-Newtonian fluids in the entrance region of an annulus has been studied experimentally. The axial pressure distributions, as well as the excess pressure energy, in the developing flow region are presented. The loss coefficients are found to increase with increasing flow behavior index for inelastic power law fluids. The experimental values of the loss coefficients are about 20% lower than those predicted from the boundary-layer approximation method presented earlier. A preliminary result indicates that the entrance loss for a viscoelastic fluid is much smaller than that for the inelastic fluid of the same flow behavior index.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200120
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  • 179
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    Theoretical development and experimental verification of a novel, well-mixed vessel (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 166-171 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The mixing characteristics of a vessel containing no moving parts have been studied theroretically and experimentally. The vessel consists of two chambers separated by a porous barrier. Mixing results because elements of fluid permeating the barrier at various distances from the inlet reside for different periods of time within the vessel and combine with other elements having entered earlier and later. An apparatus was designed a priori and experimentally verfied to give a residence-time distribution function the same as a completely mixed vessel. The method was extended to show that in principle a vessel exhibiting any residence-time distribution function can be designed by modifying the geometries of the chambers and the porous barrier.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200122
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  • 180
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    Modifications in bubbly flow on antifoam addition (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 178-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200127
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  • 181
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    Gravitational instability in the thermal entry region with liquid film flow (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 194-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200134
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  • 182
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    Advences in polymer sciences and engineering, K. D. Pae, D. R. Morrow, and Y. Chen (eds)., Plenum Press, New York (1972). 346 pages. $19.50 (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 205-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200138
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  • 183
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    Engine emissions, George S. Springer and Donold J. Patterson (eds.), Plenum Press, New York-London (1973). 371 pages. $28.50 (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 206-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200143
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  • 184
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    Masthead (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200201
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  • 185
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Steady state multiplicity and stability in an adiabatic controlled cycled stirred tank reactor (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 256-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Steady state multiplicity in exothermic adiabatic reaction systems has previously been demonstrated by a number of authors. Specifically, the work of Root and Schmitz proved the existence of multiple steady states in a loop reactor, but difficulty was encountered in controlling such a reaction system at the intermediate steady states.Since a close analogy can be demonstrated between loop reactors and controlled cycled reactors (CCTR), it appeared reasonable to attempt to achieve steady state multiplicity in a CCTR. When the chemical reaction of Root and Schmitz was carried out in a CCTR, it proved relatively easy to obtain experimental values of intermediate steady statesf and to control the reactor at these conditions by means of a simple on-off temperature controller.This work suggests that chemical systems displaying steady state multiplicity can be experimentally investigated in a CCTR and that cyclic operation may be the best way for controlling such reactions systems.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200208
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  • 186
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simultaneous measurement of interfacial area and mass transfer coefficients for a well - mixed gas dispersion in aqueous electrolyte solutions (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 285-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A new measuring technique involving concurrent chemical absorption of carbon dioxide and desorption of oxygen is developed for simultaneously evaluating the liquid-phase mass transfer coefficient kL and the specific area a of sparingly-soluble gas dispersions in stirred tanks containing an aqueous solution of inorganic electrolytes. The method ensures that kL and a are evaluated under consistent hydrodynamic conditions.Results from three different nonviscous systems show that at high agitation power, such that the average bubble diameter is between 0.2 and 2 mm, kL decreases with increasing power input and is dependent on the bubble diameter. This behavior is in contrast to the results of others at lower agitation levels or in nonelectrolytic liquids, but in general agreement with previous results for bubbles of the same diameter range produced in viscous, nonelectrolytic solutions.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200212
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  • 187
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computer-aided safety interlock systems (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 311-319 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Since operation error is a major factor contributing to industrial disaster, it is necessary to develop safety interlock systems which prevent modes of operation that are known to be dangerous. It is not possible to foresee all the disruptions that might occur and, for this reason, an a priori analysis of safety problems is incomplete. At each step in operation the state of the process must be updated if hazardous conditions are to be avoided. To a large extent this is a problem in logic which can be handled rapidly by the computer using the methods developed here.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200216
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  • 188
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement and prediction of high-pressure phase equilibria with a dilute component in the gas phase: The methane-n-hexane system (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 347-353 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The design of vapor recovery processes requires very accurate vapor-liquid equilibria data. In this work the problem is attacked from both an experimental and a correlational viewpoint, and the methane-n-hexane system is chosen for study. A predictive model for vapor-liquid equilibrium aids in the interpretation of the experimental measurements, and data acquired in this study agree closely with the theoretical predictions. Maximum deviation between calculated and experimental equilibrium ratios (yi/xi) is 8.5% with average absolute deviations of 3% for n-hexane and 0.1% for methane. Several procedures are described for checking the accuracy of experimental VLE data when a heavy vapor is present at low concentrations in the gas phase. Several potential sources of experimental error are also identified and discussed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200221
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  • 189
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An effective numerical integration method for typical stiff systems (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 368-375 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: There is an equivalence between stiff and singularly perturbed systems of ordinary differential equations. This feature is exploited in this paper by numerically employing recent singular perturbation methods to attack troublesome boundary layer stage of the solution in which some variables have very short response times. The numerical method affords a means of essentially determining the thickness of this boundary layer. The algorithm is capable of high stability and accuracy for the commonly occurring stiff system, whether or not it is in singularly perturbed form. Application to a singularly perturbed reaction system and a highly stiff reactor system not in singularly perturbed form demonstrate the effectiveness and utility of this approach.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200225
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  • 190
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Importance of slip velocity in determining growth and nucleation kinetics in continuous crystallization (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 388-390 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200227
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  • 191
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dilute polymer solution pressure hole errors in turbulent boundary layers (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 393-394 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200229
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  • 192
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induction-period kinetics in acrylamide photopolymerization (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 404-407 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200234
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  • 193
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flow of a liquid film down a slightly inclined tube (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 408-410 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200235
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  • 194
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dust explosions and fires, K. N. Palmer, Chapman and Hall Ltd., London (1973). 396 pages. $18.50 (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 414-414 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200240
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  • 195
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transfer processes, D. K. Edwards, V. E. Denny, and A. F. Mills, Holt, Rinehart, Winston, Inc., New York (1973) 361 pages. $15.00 (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 414-414 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200242
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  • 196
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Principles of heat transfer, 3rd edit., Frank Kreith, Intext Educational Publishers, New York (1973). 656 pages. $15.0 (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 415-415 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200244
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  • 197
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scale-up of agitated vessels gas-liquid mass transfer (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 445-453 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Procedures are developed for predicting liquid film controlled mass transfer in gas sparged contactors with and without mechanical agitation. Mass transfer is shown to depend on mean bubble size. Bubble shape, motion, and interface fluctuations are all properties that are associated with bubble size, which, in turn, can be determined from the physical characteristics of the contacting system.Experimental measurements were made on CO2 stripping from aqueous solution with air in 0.00252, 0.0252, and 0.252 m3 tanks. The vessels were geometrically similar, fully baffled, and equipped with four flat-blade impellers and spargers. These measurements are used to evaluate earlier correlations and to develop improved scale-up procedures.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200303
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  • 198
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simulation of the precipitation of silver bromide photographic emulsions (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 467-474 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Nucleation and crystal growth processes involved in the batch precipitation of photographic emulsions by the addition of silver nitrate to an aqueous solution of bromide and gelatin have been reasonably successfully modeled. Simulation predicts the known increase in average crystal size with increased addition time, with increased temperature, and with increased halide levels. Solubility is related to crystal size by the Gibbs-Thomson equation. The predicted decrease in the number of crystals during the course of precipitation is similar to published data, but there are quantitative differences. The model is very sensitive to variations in the constant in the growth equation, but not to variations in the constants in the nucleation equation.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200306
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  • 199
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of diffusional limitations on lineweaver-burk plots for immobilized enzymes (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 503-510 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Lineweaver-Burk plots of reaction rate data obtained with immobilized enzymes need not be linear even when intrinsic enzyme kinetics follow the simple Michaelis-Menten rate expression. Theoretical calculations show that mass transfer effects may cause curvature which is concave or convex to the abscissa, depending upon experimental conditions. Consequently, graphical procedures commonly employed for analysis of soluble enzyme kinetics may yield misleading results when applied to immobilized enzymes. Three approaches which follow from the behavior of numerical and asymptotic solutions to the problem are proposed for extraction of intrinsic kinetic information.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200310
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  • 200
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stabilizing effects of surfactants on pseudoplastic falling films (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 551-555 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effects of nonionic surfactants on thin-film flow of pseudoplastic non-Newtonian liquids down a smooth vertical plate have been studied experimentally. For all liquids examined there was a surfactant concentration at which the stabilizing action of surfactants was maximized. Comparison with experimental data showed that an existing equation, developed for the stabilizing action of surfactants on thin-film flow of Newtonian fluids, may be used to predict the effect of surfactants on the stability of pseudoplastic thin-film flow by using the zero-shear rate apparent viscosity in place of the Newtonian viscosity.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200316
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