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  • 1990-1994
  • 1975-1979  (1,528)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Commissural projection to the amygdala through the fimbria fornix system in the cat (1977)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 27 (1977), S. 61-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Amygdala ; Commissural fibers of the fimbria ; Electrophysiology ; Lesions ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Single shock stimulations have been applied stereotaxically and bilaterally in the region of the caudo-thalamic groove of the cat. These stimulations elicit diphasic potentials in the amygdala. Using combined methods of stimulation and lesion, it has been demonstrated that these electrical responses are due to the excitation of fibers projecting rostrally in the lateral border of the contralateral fimbria and caudally in the homologous part of the homolateral fimbria. A commissural path has been identified in the rostral part of the fimbria-fornix. Analysis of the experimental data has shown that the projection system consists of a discrete bundle of fibers which probably reaches the amygdala directly, in the dorsal part of the basal nucleus. The length of the explored portion of this pathway has been measured. The calculated conduction velocity of this amygdalopetal commissural component of the fimbria is 4.5 m/sec.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00234825
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Discharges of superior colliculus neurons during head and eye movements of the alert cat (1977)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 27 (1977), S. 131-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Colliculus superior ; Single neurons ; Eye movements ; Head movements ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 452 single neurons from the superior colliculus were recorded in awake and non-paralysed cats. 75 neurons were obtained from cats with unrestrained horizontal head movements. 228 neurons remained unaffected by saccadic eye movements. Eye movement related discharge followed the onset of saccades in 156 neurons either only in the presence of a visual pattern (92 neurons) or in darkness, too (64 neurons). The latter reaction type probably depends on eye muscle afferents. In 48 neurons eye movement related activity preceded the onset of eye movements. 12 neurons fired in synchrony with eye movements of any direction (type I). 30 neurons were excited during contralaterally directed eye versions within or into the contralateral head related hemifield. They were inhibited when the eyes moved within or into the ipsilateral head related hemifield (type II). 6 neurons with constant maintained activity during fixation were inhibited by ipsilaterally directed saccades, but remained unaffected by contralateral eye movements. Head movement related discharge followed the onset of head movements in 20 neurons only in presence of a visual pattern and also in darkness in 6 neurons. Ipsilateral head movements or postures strongly suppressed maintained activity and visual responsiveness of some neurons. 15 neurons discharged in synchrony with and prior to contralateral head movements. Ipsilateral head movements inhibited these neurons. Activation or inhibition were usually related to movement and to posture, exceptionally to movement or to posture. Electrical stimulation of recording sites of these neurons through the recording microelectrode elicits contralateral head movements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00237694
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Descending connections between the superior olivary and cochlear nuclear complexes in the cat studied by autoradiographic and horseradish peroxidase methods (1977)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 27 (1977), S. 397-412 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Descending auditory pathways ; Superior olivary complex ; Cochlear nuclear complex ; Axoplasmic flow ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The descending pathways from the superior olivary complex (SO) to the cochlear nuclear complex (CN) were investigated in 58 cats using labelled aminoacid and horseradish peroxidase transport techniques. Descending connections were found coursing bilaterally through the trapezoid body (TB) and ipsilaterally in the intermediate and dorsal acoustic striae. The dorsolateral periolivary nucleus (DLPO) sends fibres through both the intermediate and dorsal striae, which are joined by others from the lateral preolivary nucleus (LPO). Both the latter nucleus and the medial preolivary nucleus (MPO) give rise to a bilateral descending projection which traverses TB. The distribution of these descending pathways within CN is described (although the technique did not permit precise synaptic identification). The possible implications of these pathways for response patterns at the level of CN are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235512
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dendritic spread of dorsal horn neurons in cats (1977)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 28 (1977), S. 153-166 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Cat ; Spinal cord ; Dorsal horn ; Dendritic fields ; Golgi stain
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Observations of neurons in dorsal horn laminae IV–VI of the lumbosacral segments of Golgi-stained spinal cords in kittens and adult cats revealed laminar differences in dendritic architecture. Many neurons in lamina IV had dense, bushy dendritic fields. Lamina V contained, in addition to bushy cells similar in appearance to those of lamina IV, increasing numbers of neurons with radiating dendritic fields. Lamina VI was composed almost exclusively of neurons with radiating dendritic fields. These qualitative differences among laminae were accompanied by systematic variations in mean dendritic spread, which increased more than two-fold in adult cats between laminae IV and VI. A second gradient of dendritic spread was found within individual laminae: dendritic spread, particularly medial to lateral spread, increased for successively more lateral cells within a lamina. These differences in the spread of dendrites for neurons in different regions of the dorsal horn may be related to variations in the areas of peripheral receptive fields of dorsal horn neurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00237093
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temporal aspects of spatial vision in the cat (1977)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 28 (1977), S. 325-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Spatial contrast sensitivity ; Cat ; Grating pattern ; Flicker ; X- and Y-cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Using behavioral techniques, contrast sensitivity for flickering and stationary gratings was measured in ordinary cats. Gratings of low spatial frequency were more easily detected by the cat when temporal modulation was present, but at high spatial frequencies temporal modulation reduced grating visibility. These psychophysical results are consistent with neurophysiological evidence for the existence of two classes of visual cells in the cat, which are distinguishable in terms of their spatio-temporal response properties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235714
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of the presentation of remote visual stimuli on visual responses of cat area 17 and lateral suprasylvian area (1977)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 29 (1977), S. 107-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Area 17 ; Lateral suprasylvian area ; Remote visual stimuli ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Single units were recorded extracellularly from area 17 and lateral suprasylvian area (LSSA) in curarized cats. Visual stimuli, usually a 10 ° black spot, were introduced abruptly in the visual field remote from the discharge area of a neuron's receptive field and moved at a speed of about 30 °/sec. The effect of these remote stimuli (S2) on the response to a restricted visual stimulus (S1) crossing the discharge area was studied. It was found that most units in area 17 were not affected by the presentation of remote stimuli, the remainder being either slightly facilitated or slightly inhibited. In contrast the LSSA neurons were usually inhibited by the presentation of S2: this effect was strong, was present in all classes of LSSA neurons and was independent of the relative directions of movement of S1 and S2. On the basis of these data and those previously obtained from the superior colliculus it is concluded that the way the extrageniculate centres respond to a stimulus abruptly introduced in the visual field is substantially different from that of the striate cortex. Only in the extrageniculate centres a new stimulus, besides exciting the neurons which correspond to the position of the stimulus in the field, concomitantly decreases the responses of neurons located in positions of the visual field remote from that stimulus. Possible behavioral implications of the findings are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236879
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Efferent projections of the pretectum in the cat (1977)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 30 (1977), S. 89-105 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Extrageniculate visual system ; Pretectum ; Efferent connections ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Direct projections from the pretectum in the cat were investigated by means of the Nauta-Gygax and the Fink-Heimer method in an attempt to identify the morphological substrates subserving possible neural mechanisms involved in visual behaviour and reflexes. Degeneration in the diencephalon was found ipsilaterally in the nucleus limitans, lateral pulvinar nucleus, lateral posterior nucleus, lateral dorsal nucleus, dorsal and ventral lateral geniculate nuclei, centre medianparafascicular complex, central medial nucleus, paracentral nucleus, central lateral nucleus, ventroanterior and ventrolateral nuclear complex, zona incerta, H field of Forel and the reticular nucleus. The pretectal fibers projecting to the ventral lateral geniculate nucleus appeared to be topically organized. In the midbrain, the pretectal fibers were observed to terminate ipsilaterally within the superior colliculus, nucleus of Darkschewitsch, dorsolateral portion of the red nucleus, lateral terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract and the reticular formation, and bilaterally within the central gray, interstitial nucleus of Cajal and the rostral portion of the nucleus of Edinger-Westphal. Degeneration in the superior colliculus was marked in laminae II, III and IV. The fibers arising from more anterior part of the pretectum appeared to be distributed more medially in laminae II and III. The pretectopontine fibers terminated ipsilaterally in the paramedial and the dorsolateral pontine nuclei as well as the reticular formation. In the inferior olivary complex, degeneration was found in caudal levels of the dorsal cap and β-nucleus, and additionally in the rostral portion of the dorsal accessory olive.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00237861
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direction-specific optokinetic modulation of monosynaptic hind limb reflexes in cats (1977)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 30 (1977), S. 155-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Cat ; Postural reflexes ; Visual and vestibular reflex modulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The excitability of hindlimb extensor and flexor motoneurons is tonically modulated by animal tilt and a large visual stimulus rotating about the animal's line of sight. This direction-specific modulation is opposite for extensor and flexor motoneurons and opposite for optokinetic and vestibular stimuli, thus combining to a functionally significant pattern of postural reflexes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00237867
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential responsiveness of simple and complex cells in cat striate cortex to visual texture (1977)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 30 (1977), S. 275-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Striate cortex ; Simple and complex cells ; Visual texture ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The responsiveness of 254 simple and complex striate cortical cells to various forms of static and dynamic textured visual stimuli was studied in cats, lightly anaesthetised with N2O/O2 mixtures supplemented with pentobarbitone. Simple cells were unresponsive to all forms of visual noise presented alone, although about 70% showed a change in responsiveness to conventional bar stimuli when these were presented on moving, rather than stationary, static-noise backgrounds. Bar responses were depressed by background texture motion in a majority of cells (54%), but were actually enhanced in a few instances (16%). In contrast, all complex cells were to some extent responsive to bars of static visual noise moving over stationary backgrounds of similar texture, or to motion of a whole field of static noise. The optimal velocity for noise was generally lower than for bar stimuli. Since moving noise backgrounds were excitatory for complex cells, they tended to reduce specific responses to bar stimulation; in addition, directional bias could be modified by direction and velocity of background motion. Complex cells fell into two overlapping groups as regards their relative sensitivity to light or dark bars and visual noise. Extreme examples were insensitive to conventional bar or edge stimuli while responding briskly to moving noise. In many complex cells, the preferred directions for motion of noise and of an optimally oriented black/white bar were dissimilar. The ocular dominance and the degree of binocular facilitation of some complex cells differed for bar stimuli and visual texture. Preliminary evidence suggests that the deep-layer complex cells (those tolerant of misalignment of line elements; Hammond and MacKay, 1976) were most sensitive to visual noise. Superficial-layer complex cells (those preferring alignment) were less responsive to noise. Only ‘complex-type’ hypercomplex cells showed any response to visual noise. We conclude that, since simple cells are unresponsive to noise, they cannot provide the sole input to complex cells. The differences in the response of some complex cells to rectilinear and textured stimuli throw a new light on their rôle in cortical information-processing. In particular, it tells against the hypothesis that they act as a second stage in the abstraction of edge-orientation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00237256
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Visual field measurements in monocularly deprived and normal cats (1977)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 30 (1977), S. 353-368 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Visual deprivation ; Cat ; Behavior ; Perimetry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Visual fields of 15 monocularly deprived (MD) cats and 2 monocularly tested normal adult cats, were measured using stationary stimuli at fixed distances in the horizontal plane. Compared to the visual fields of monocularly tested normal cats, those of the deprived eyes of MD cats were found to be restricted to the ipsilateral hemifield up to the midline. This finding appeared to be permanent since it was measured both in cats tested early (4 cases) and late (11 cases) after deprivation. In addition, it seemed to be independent whether the nondeprived eye was closed by reverse suturing (13 cases), or was left open after deprivation and closed only temporarily during testing (2 cases). Visual fields were also found to be restricted to the ipsilateral hemifield, if MD cats were tested at several levels above the horizontal plane or in a hemisphere (23 cm radius) in which the superior and inferior segment of the visual space could be tested (6 cases). The results are controversial to those of Sherman (1973) who described the visual fields of MD cats to be restricted to the monocular (60–90 ° ipsilateral) segment. The differences observed in our results compared to those of Sherman could not be explained by experimental factors, since testing MD cats by the method employed by Sherman (8 cases) also resulted in visual fields covering the monocular as well as the binocular part of the ipsilateral side. Consequently, Sherman's hypothesis (1974b), that for MD cats the geniculocortical pathways dominate in the visual behavior and that retinotectal pathways are somehow suppressed, could not be confirmed by our results. In our experiments the visual behavior demonstrated by MD cats seemed to be developed mainly through retinotectal pathways. In MD cats in which after the deprivation period the non-deprived eye remained open, the monocular part seemed to be of more importance than the binocular segment; permanent closure of the normal eye seemed to lead to a further shift towards the binocular segment. Therefore, in non-reverse sutured MD cats some suppression of retinotectal pathways by imbalanced corticotectal pathways may be present, but not as elaborate as described by Sherman. This slight suppression is overcome by reverse suturing. The mechanism of release from suppression of retinotectal pathways is unknown, its possible localisation is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00237262
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of monocular deprivation on different neuronal classes in the lateral geniculate nucleus of the cat (1977)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 28 (1977), S. 259-278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Cat ; Lateral geniculate nucleus ; X- and Y-cells ; Visual deprivation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was used to identify two populations of cells in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of the cat. HRP was injected into area 17 and 18 separately in the same animal, and the neuronal somata giving rise to thalamo-cortical axons, identified by the presence of granular HRP reaction product within them, were measured. The mean size of LGN neurones labelled by injections in area 17 (“17-relay” cells) was less than of neurones filled from area 18 (“18-relay” cells). Similar separate injections into area 17 and 18 of monocularly deprived kittens also showed that in non-deprived LGN laminae 17-relay cells were, on average, smaller than 18-relay cells. In deprived laminae, 17-relay cells were some 20% smaller than in nondeprived laminae, but deprived 18-relay cells were 50–60% smaller than normal, being on average, actually smaller than deprived 17-relay cells. We conclude that the population of large LGN neurones projecting to area 18 is more severely affected by monocular deprivation than the smaller neurones projecting to area 17, and discuss the relationship of the morphological results to physiologically defined X and Y cells in the LGN.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235708
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The pontine projection to the cerebellar anterior lobe. An experimental study in the cat with retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase (1977)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 29 (1977), S. 233-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Pons ; Cerebellum ; Pontocerebellar projection ; HRP method ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary By use of the retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) the projection to the anterior lobe from the pontine nuclei was mapped in detail. In 18 cats 0.1–0.5 gml of a,50% suspension of Sigma VI or Serva HRP was injected in the anterior lobe under visual guidance or stereotactically. The main findings are as follows: 1. The projection to the vermis of the anterior lobe is bilateral with a contralateral preponderance (about 3/4). 2. The vermis of the anterior lobe receives afferents from a restricted, laterally located region in the caudal part of the pons. Dorsal parts of this region project anteriorly (lobules I–III), ventral parts posteriorly (lobulus V). 3. The projection to the intermediate-lateral part is almost exclusively contralateral and is considerably heavier than the projection to the vermis. 4. The intermediate-lateral part receives afferents from two pontine regions. One is located laterally and coincides caudally with the region projecting to the vermis. The other is located medially and projects only sparsely to the vermis. 5. Within the projection from the lateral pontine region to the intermediate part there is a somatotopical pattern corresponding to that within the projection to the vermis. Within the medial pontine region the somatotopical pattern is less clear, but there is a tendency for cells projecting to lobules III–IV to be located more ventrolaterally than those sending their fibres to lobulus V. 6. The pontine regions projecting to the anterior lobe seem to coincide closely with those receiving fibres from the primary sensorimotor cortex, particularly the lateral part of the anterior sigmoid gyrus and medial part of the posterior sigmoid gyrus, as determined previously (P. Brodal, 1968a).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00237044
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dark adaptation and receptive field organisation of cells in the cat lateral geniculate nucleus (1977)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 27 (1977), S. 35-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Lateral geniculate nucleus ; Cat ; Dark adaptation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The receptive fields of LGN cells were investigated with stationary light and dark spot and annulus stimuli. Stimulus size and background intensity were varied while stimulus/background contrast was kept constant. The speed of dark adaptation varied considerably from cell to cell. Dark adaptation made responses more sustained in all neurones and eliminated the oscillatory on-responses evoked under some conditions in the light-adapted cells. Dark adaptation led also to a disappearance of early phasic inhibition in on-responses, and increased response rise time and latency. The power of surround responses to inhibit centre responses decreased slightly at low levels of light adaptation in LGN cells but much less than in retinal ganglion cells. Some other traces of changing retinal surround effects also appeared in the LGN on dark adaptation. For example, the functional size of receptive fields increased at low levels of illuminance as has been observed in retinal ganglion cells and the receptive fields as estimated from response peaks were larger than those estimated from sustained components.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00234823
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The distribution of enzymes in the epidermis of the domestic cat (1977)
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 260 (1977), S. 29-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Cat ; Epidermis ; Histochemistry ; Enzymes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Mit Hilfe von enzymhistochemischen Methoden wurden die Verteilung und die Aktivitäten verschiedener oxydativer und hydrolytischer Enzyme in der Epidermis der Hauskatze untersucht. Deutliche Aktivitäten oxydativer Enzyme konnten mit Ausnahme des Stratum corneum in allen epidermalen Zellagen beobachtet werden. Unter den nachgewiesenen hydrolytischen Enzymen zeigte besonders die unspezifische Esterase stark positive Reaktionen im Stratum granulosum und in den basalen Anteilen des Stratum corneum. Cholinesterase-Aktivitäten waren in der Epidermis der Katze nicht festzustellen. Die vorliegenden Ergebnisse von der Epidermis der dicht behaarten Hauskatze werden im Zusammenhang mit den Ergebnissen entsprechender Untersuchungen an der Epidermis spärlich behaarter Säugetierarten (z.B. Hausschwein und Mensch) diskutiert. Insgesamt weist das Enzymmuster der Katzenepidermis nur bedingt Parallelen zu demjenigen der Epidermis des Menschen auf, wobei speziell in der Verteilung und den Aktivitäten von Esterasen Abweichungen auftreten.
    Notes: Summary With the help of enzyme histochemical methods, the distribution and activities of several oxidative and hydrolytic enzymes in the epidermis of the densely-haired domestic cat have been studied. Distinct oxidative enzyme activity could be demonstrated in all epidermallayers except the stratum corneum. Among the hydrolytic enzymes investigated, strong reactions for non-specific esterases were visible especially in the str. granulosum and the basal lamellae of the str. corneum. Positive reactions for cholinesterases could not be observed in the cat epidermis. The results are discussed in relation to corresponding investigations on the epidermis of sparsely-haired mammals, e. g. the domestic pig and man. Generally the enzyme pattern of the cat epidermis only shows limited parallels to man, especially where esterase distribution is concerned.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00558011
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Paraplegia due to actinomyces viscosus infection in a cat (1977)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 39 (1977), S. 231-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Actinomyces viscosus ; Epidural space ; Spinal cord ; Cat ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In a 3 year old female domestic cat a suppurative, granulomatous lesion of the tail and sacral area penetrated into the epidural space, causing paraplegia. A. viscosus was isolated from the inflammatory tissues. A comparative light and electron-microscopic study of the bacterial elements and the architecture of the granules (Drusen) show that the latter are in-vivo microcolonies of the agent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00691702
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct projections from thalamic intralaminar nuclei to extra-striate visual cortex in the cat traced with Horseradish peroxidase (1977)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 28 (1977), S. 133-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Intralaminar nuclei ; Visual cortex ; Horseradish peroxidase ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Thalamic projections to the visual cortex were investigated using the Horseradish peroxidase tracing technique. Besides confirmation of a distinct origin of thalamic projections to striate and extra-striate visual cortex, afferents of the intralaminar nuclei (ILN) to visual cortex were demonstrated. These projections of ILN were shown to be specific in that they terminate in areas 18, 19 and Clare Bishop but not area 17. The coupling of these intralaminar projections on to the extra-striate visual system is considered with respect to orientation of gaze.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00237091
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Compensation of postural effects of hemilabyrinthectomy in the cat. A sensory substitution process? (1977)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 28 (1977), S. 249-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Hemilabyrinthectomy ; Compensation ; Postural deficits ; Vision ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A photographic technique was used to study the evolution of lateral head-tilt following hemilabyrinthectomy in adult cats. Animals were maintained post-operatively in normally lit conditions (LM cats), in total darkness (DM cats), or in stroboscopic light. In LM cats, the head tilt peaked at 45 degrees (with the lesionned side down) on the second post-operative day, and decreased to about 0 degree within about 10 days. This evolution was followed by rebounds of head-tilt to larger angles before a stable compensated head position could be maintained (approximately at the end of the third post-operative month). In DM cats, the head remained tilted by a large angle throughout the duration of the dark period. Re-exposure to light was followed by a rapid decrease of head-tilt. In stroboscopic light, the evolution of head-tilt was found to be closely similar to that in the normally lit condition. Finally, when put back in the dark at a late post-operative stage, already compensated animals were found to loose their symmetrical head position, and to re-acquire a strong head tilt. This effect resumed on re-exposure to light. It is inferred that static visual input is a necessary condition for compensation of the postural deficits of hemi-labyrinthectomy in the cat. Maintenance of a stable head posture also depends upon continuous availability of visual input.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235707
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Degeneration of two of nine types of synapses in the putamen after center median coagulation in the cat (1977)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 28 (1977), S. 345-361 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Putamen ; Cat ; Center median parvocellular neurons ; Ultrastructure ; Degenerated boutons (type VII and IV)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The cat putamen contains the identical nine types of synapses and the same proportion of axo-dendritic (or axo-somatic) synapses as described for the fundus striati. However, type III (cortico-striatal) (31∶16%) and type V (axon-collateral) (13∶1%) occur much more frequently and type I (nigro-striatal) much less frequently (14∶34%) in the putamen than in the fundus striati. Of the axo-spinous synapses only type IV, with densely arranged small round vesicles and interrupted, asymmetric contact, shows a dark degeneration after center median lesions, mainly in the parvocellular part. Of the six axo-dendritic (or axo-somatic) synapses, only type VII, with densely packed small round vesicles and asymmetric contact, is degenerated after the same lesion in the center median nucleus. However, after such lesions type VII synapses are much more frequently degenerated in the putamen than those of type IV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235716
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  • 19
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    The mode of synaptic linkage in the cerebro-ponto-cerebellar pathway investigated with intracellular recording from pontine nuclei cells of the cat (1977)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 29 (1977), S. 123-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Pontine nuclei cells ; Unitary EPSPs ; Synaptic organization ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. Intracellular potentials of pontine nuclei (PN) cells were recorded in cats anesthetized with pentobarbitone sodium. 2. Stimulation of the cerebellar nuclear regions or the brachium pontis induced an antidromic action potential composed of IS-SD spikes, after-depolarization and after-hyperpolarization. 3. Cerebellar stimulation produced EPSPs only in a few PN cells. 4. Activation of the corticopontine or pyramidal tract produced in all PN cells an EPSP built up from the unitary components with variable amplitudes and time courses. Paired or repetitive activation revealed a property of the frequency potentiation of the EPSP. 5. Unitary EPSPs also occurred spontaneously. A great majority of these spontaneous EPSPs were cerebral in origin, and had amplitudes and time courses comparable with those evoked by stimulation of the corticopontine or pyramidal tract. 6. The half-width versus time to peak relationship of these unitary EPSPs suggested a dendritic location of the synapses with variable distances from the soma. It is assumed that large, proximal synapses serve for efficient relay of signals while small, distal synapses for their integration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236880
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
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    Responses of cells in the cat lateral geniculate nucleus to moving stimuli at various levels of light and dark adaptation (1977)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 27 (1977), S. 51-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Lateral geniculate nucleus ; Cat ; Dark adaptation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The responses of neurones in laminae A and A1 of the cat lateral geniculate nucleus to moving stimuli were investigated at different background luminances. Moving bright slits, dark bars and edges were employed; the contrast of stimuli against the background was held constant. Background intensities varied from 10−3 to 102 td. Responses as stimuli passed across the centres of LGN receptive fields became stronger with increasing levels of light adaptation up to 10−1–101 td and then remained constant. Responses as stimuli passed through surround regions altered qualitatively with adaptation level, generally increasing in strength and complexity with background luminance. As a bright slit for on-centre cells or dark bar for off-centre cells left the surround, in almost all units a strong secondary peak could be elicited by an appropriate selection of the adaptation conditions. Many features of the responses to moving stimuli could not be predicted from the responses to stationary stimuli under different adaptation conditions described in the previous paper.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00234824
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  • 21
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    The distribution of degenerating axons after small lesions in the intact and isolated visual cortex of the cat (1977)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 27 (1977), S. 419-440 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Cat ; Visual cortex ; Intrinsic connections ; Degeneration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The extent of the spread of axonal degeneration was investigated in the visual cortex of the cat after making small lesions restricted to the grey matter. Two series of experiments were undertaken. In the first, normal adult cats were used, and in the second, the cortex of the postlateral gyrus was isolated from its extrinsic afferents by surgical undercutting 3 months before making the lesions. The results were similar in the two series in most respects. 1. Horizontal fibres extended in considerable numbers for some 500 μm from the lesion, mainly in layers I, III/IV and V, a few reaching 2–3 mm. These fibres were better seen in the intact than in the isolated cortex. Their spread was usually asymmetrical, being greater posteromedially than anterolaterally. 2. Oblique axons ran downwards from the middle layers into layers V and VI, or upwards into layers I and II. 3. Axons arising from layers II to VI descended vertically into the white matter. Degeneration patterns after lesions in areas 17 and 18 were compared.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235514
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  • 22
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    A study of binocular convergence in cat visual cortex neurons (1977)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 28 (1977), S. 21-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Cat ; Visual cortex ; Binocular convergence ; Ocularity stripes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The average latency of cortical neuronal responses to electrical optic nerve (ON) stimulation was 3.0±0.7 s.d. msec. No significant difference between latencies to ipsi- and contralateral ON stimulation was found. Binocularly excitable cells showed almost equal response latencies to stimulation of both nerves. The average latency of subcortically recorded geniculo-cortical fibers was 0.3 msec less, but showed the same variance as that of cortical cells, suggesting that in all cases direct monosynaptic excitation of cortical cells by fibers of either ocularity is possible. Classes of ocular dominance based on electrical stimulation were positively, but not 100% correlated with classes of ocular dominance to visual stimulation. An anatomical study revealed that in cat terminals of geniculo-cortical projection are segregated to a lesser degree into ocularity stripes than in monkey. Direct monosynaptic excitation of cells by fibers of either ocularity which was found physiologically would also on these grounds appear possible for all cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00237083
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Visual movement perception in the cat is directionally selective (1977)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 29 (1977), S. 429-432 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Visual movement perception ; Cat ; Contrast sensitivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Behavioral experiments show that the visual system of cat contains mechanisms which are selective for direction of stimulus movement. The cat's contrast detection threshold for a drifting grating is unaffected by the addition of a grating moving in the opposite direction; this same pattern of results is found for human observers. The convergence of cat and human psychophysical data suggests that man's brain may hold direction-specific neurons, similar to those known to exist in the cat brain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236181
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  • 24
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    Electronic Resource
    Effects of monocular deprivation on excitatory and inhibitory pathways in cat striate cortex (1977)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 30 (1977), S. 25-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Cat ; Visual cortex ; Deprivation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of monocular deprivation from contour vision were investigated in the striate cortex of cats. In addition to the receptive field (RF) properties of single cells responses to electrical stimulation of the deprived and the experienced optic nerve were analyzed: Evoked potentials as well as intra- and extracellularly recorded single unit responses were evaluated. The main goals were: 1. to determine to what extent the responses to electrical stimulation reflected the shift in ocular dominance apparent from the RF analysis, 2. to determine the relative effects of deprivation on excitatory and inhibitory responses and 3. to locate the site of impaired transmission in the pathway from the deprived eye. The results show that the responses to electrical stimulation reflect precisely the shift in ocular dominance apparent from the RF analysis. The evoked potentials elicited from the deprived nerve further indicate that deprivation had also affected the afferent system at the LGN level or (and) at the terminal field of the thalamo-cortical fibers. In contrast to the reduction of short latency excitatory responses to stimulation of the deprived nerve, oligosynaptic inhibition with latencies of 4–6 msec was equally well elicited by stimulation of either eye. The same was true for delayed excitatory responses which frequently occur with latencies between 40 and 80 msec after nerve stimulation. It is concluded from these results 1. that transmission between thalamic afferents and inhibitory interneurones in the cortex is less affected by deprivation than transmission in those pathways which relay cortical excitation, 2. that there is another deprivation resistant indirect pathway from the retina to the visual cortex which is probably relayed through mesencephalic structures and 3. that deprivation effects are not confined to transmission failure at the thalamo-cortical synapses but include alterations already at the presynaptic level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00237856
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  • 25
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    Neuronal responses to eye muscle stretch in cerebellar lobule VI of the cat (1977)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 27 (1977), S. 101-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Eye muscle afferents ; Stretch receptors ; Cerebellar cortex ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Extraocular proprioceptive input to cerebellar vermis, lobule VI, was investigated in cats under N2O analgesia by recording neuronal responses to eye muscle stretch. Both optic tracts were transected and the periorbital skin and conjunctiva were locally anaesthetized. Eye rotation within the physiological range was achieved by applying a pull of predetermined length and tension to each of the eight musculi recti at their insertion to the globe. Within lobule VI, only small patches of cortex receive stretch receptor afferents. The information made available by these afferents corresponds to a change of eye position. Minimal responses were dependent upon angular deflections of a few degrees. Maximal response amplitudes were obtained within the physiological range of angular deflections and angular velocities for the units tested. Most cells responded to stretch of more than one muscle. Three types of convergence were found: (1) neurons responding according to a certain direction of a conjugated movement of both eyes, (2) neurons responding to movements in either direction of one plane, (3) more complicated response patterns.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00234828
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  • 26
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    The role of vision in compensation of vestibulo ocular reflex after hemilabyrinthectomy in the cat (1977)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 28 (1977), S. 235-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Vestibulo-ocular reflex ; Hemilabyrinthectomy ; Role of vision ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. A new description of vestibulo-ocular responses to angular velocity steps has been used to quantify vestibular compensation in right hemilabyrinthectomized cats. The amplitudes (VM and CM) and the times of occurrence (tM and to) from stimulus onset of the peaks of slow phase eye velocity and slow cumulative eye position were computed for velocity steps directed towards the lesioned side (clockwise, CW) and towards the intact side (counterclockwise, CCW). In addition, the values of these parameters were corrected from the effects of spontaneous nystagmus, when present. 2. In animals recovering in normal laboratory conditions, spontaneous nystagmus disappeared within 10 days after operation. In CCW responses, vm decreased by about 45% during the first 3 days and then remained stationary during the next 2 weeks. In CW responses VM showed a rapid increase during the first 3 days, and then remained stationary. After 2 weeks, VM increased in both CW and CCW responses. CM changes substantially reproduced those of VM. 3. In animals put in the dark immediately after operation, spontaneous nystagmus persisted until re-exposure to light (up to 31 days) and then disappeared rapidly. VM in both CW and CCW responses remained at a low value during the dark period and became more or less doubled after one week of exposure to light. CM also increased rapidly in CW and CCW responses, after re-exposure to light. 4. In the discussion these results are compared with those concerning activity of single vestibular neurons during compensation. It is concluded that vision is a primary factor conditioning disinhibition of vestibular nuclei spontaneous activity after the critical phase of compensation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235706
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  • 27
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    Extraocular proprioceptive projections to the visual cortex (1977)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 28 (1977), S. 421-425 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Visual system ; Cat ; Proprioceptive receptors ; Extraocular muscles
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Electrical stimulation of the intraorbital part of the motor branches of extraocular muscles, where proprioceptive fibers run, evokes responses in 25% of the units of the striate cortex of the cat. The latency ranges between 25 and 40 msec. Mechanical stretch of extraocular muscles evokes multiunit responses in the striate cortex. The response is abolished by injection of xylocaine into the stretched muscle. The suppression of the response is reversible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235720
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  • 28
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    Spatial frequency and orientation tuning curves of visual neurones in the cat: Effects of mean luminance (1977)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 27 (1977), S. 335-345 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Spatial frequency ; Visual neurones ; Mean luminance ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Experiments have been performed on unanaesthetized and paralysed cats. The tuning curves for spatial frequency of retinal, lateral geniculate and simple and complex cells of the cortex have been determined in response to sinusoidal gratings of various spatial frequencies at different levels of mean luminance. For all neurones, decreasing the mean luminance leads to a progressive loss of spatial resolution and contrast sensitivity. Retinal ganglion cells of type X show, for scotopic levels of luminance, a flattening of their spatial frequency tuning curves in the low spatial frequency range. For geniculate and cortical neurones, on the contrary, the spatial frequency characteristics at the various levels of luminance remain practically invariant in their bandwidth. On the average, complex cells still respond to mean luminances ten times lower than simple cells. The tuning curves for orientation of cortical cells maintain, to a first approximation, the same shape at the various levels of mean luminance. The results are discussed, comparing the electrophysiological with psychophysical data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235508
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  • 29
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    Electrodermal reflexes in the cat's paws elicited by natural stimulation of skin (1977)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 369 (1977), S. 27-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Electrodermal reflexes ; Natural stimulation of skin ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. Electrodermal reflexes recorded from the central pads on the hind- and forepaws were elicited by natural stimulation of skin in ketamine anaesthetised cats. 2. Stimuli which excite the Pacinian corpuscles in the paws (air jet stimuli applied to the paw, vibrational stimuli produced by tapping on the experimental frame) and the cutaneous nociceptors (mechanical and thermal noxious stimuli) elicit electrodermal reflexes. Stimuli exciting hair follicle receptors on the trunk or legs or slowly adapting receptors in the feet are without effect. 3. Electrodermal reflexes elicited by non-noxious mechanical stimulation of skin in the hindpaws have a clear-cut spatial organization. Air jet stimuli can only produce them from the distal hindpaws but not from any other skin area indicating that this reflex may be organized at the spinal level. Electrodermal reflexes on noxious stimulation too have some spatial organization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00580806
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  • 30
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    Effects of systemic hypoxia and hypercapnia on cutaneous and muscle vasoconstrictor neurones to the cat's hindlimb (1977)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 368 (1977), S. 71-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Vasoconstrictor neurones ; Skin ; Muscle ; Systemic hypoxia ; Systemic hypercapnia ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. Reactions of cutaneous and muscle vasoconstrictor neurones to the hindlimb on systemic hypoxia and systemic hypercapnia were investigated in chloralose anaesthetized cats. Mainly four types of preparations were used: brain intact and decrebrate (pontomedullary) animals with and without cartotid sinus (CSN) and vagal nerves (VN). 2. In brain intact animals with intact CNS and VN most cutaneous vasoconstrictor neurones were depressed and most muscle vasoconstrictor neurones were excited during systemic hypoxia and hypercapnia. The responses to hypercapnia were smaller than those to hypoxia. 3. In brain intact deafferented animals and in decerebrate animals with and without intact CSN and VN systemic hypoxia and hypercapnia induced excitation in both cutaneous and muscle vasoconstrictor neurones. The responses to hypoxia were significantly smaller in deafferented preparations when compared to those in preparations with intact CSN and VN. Furthermore in muscle vasoconstrictor neurones the size of the responses was not significantly different in decerebrate preparations from that in brain intact preparations. 4. These results indicate a distinct neuronal organization of the chemoreceptor reflexes in the vasoconstrictor systems in the brain stem. Suprapontine brain structures are most important for producing the inhibition of the cutaneous vasoconstrictor neurones during hypoxia and hypercapnia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01063457
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  • 31
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    Vestibular and somatosensory interaction in the cat vestibular nuclei (1977)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 371 (1977), S. 155-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Vestibular nuclei ; Cat ; Somatosensory integration ; Neck movement
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The vestibular nuclei of cats were explored extracellularly with micropipettes to locate units with a resting discharge rate which responded to rotation in the horizontal plane. These units were examined for somatosensory input from neck and limbs. Fewer than half responded to somatosensory stimulation. The neck region was the body area most effective in influencing unitary activity. The response pattern most often noted was an increase and decrease in discharge frequency when the body was moved towards and away from the recording electrode respectively. Change in discharge rate was observed to be primarily dependant upon neck velocity and not upon absolute neck position. Half of the somato-sensory units received input from either the forelimbs or the hindlimbs, while the remaining half responded to both.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00580784
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  • 32
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    Kinetics of distribution of amphetamine in cats (1977)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 54 (1977), S. 209-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Amphetamine ; Para-hydroxy-amphetamine ; Distribution ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The distribution and metabolic fate of amphetamine were studied in cats. In the brain, high levels of drug were detected in the grey matter structures at short intervals after administration, while at longer intervals distribution between white and grey matter areas was more uniform. In peripheral tissues the greatest concentration of the drug was seen in the highly vascularized organs. Para-hydroxyamphetamine was found in minimal amounts in the liver and kidneys and only at trace quantities in the brain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00426782
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  • 33
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    Hereditary deafness in the cat. An electron microscopic study of the stria vascularis and Reissner's membrane (1977)
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 217 (1977), S. 199-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Hereditary deafness ; Cat ; Electron microscopy ; Stria vascularis ; Reissner's membrane ; Microcirculation ; Cellular metabolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The auditory pathway potentials have been recorded from a series of 35 cats, and the stria vascularis and Reissner's membrane examined with the electron microsope. The ages varied from the first postnatal day to at least 6 years. 30 of the animals had white coats, and 45 of the ears lacked potentials. The basal processes of the marginal cells fail to develop in pathological ears, and appear displaced towards the endolymphatic surface by a layer of grossly swollen, chromophobe cells. These features are already present at the 3-day stage, and persist until the third week. Thereafter, increasing electron density of all cell types is found, with progressive reduction in strial thickness. Swelling of the capillary endothelial cells and descent of Reissner's membrane are found in the first coil at 2 weeks. Obliteration of capillaries, and development of vacuolar cytoplasmic outgrowths from the vestibular membrane mesothelial cells occur at later stages. These findings are discussed and compared with the pathological changes produced by a variety of endogenous and exogenous factors in both man and animals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00665540
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  • 34
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    A unidimensional convergence test for matrix iterative processes applied to Strapdown Navigation (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 115-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The investigation of the convergence properties of matrix iterative processes usually involves test matrices of high order. This fact may prohibit an analytic approach to the problem. In this paper a method is presented which converts the multidimensional test procedure into a scalar one. The method is presented in conjunction with the problem of matrix orthogonalization which exists in Strapdown Inertial Navigation. Three examples are presented in which the convergence of matrix orthogonalization techniques is investigated. The examples demonstrate the use of the unidimensional convergence test in determining the order of the processes and in finding sufficient conditions for convergence. Numerical results are presented.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110112
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    A note on an element ordering schemeThis work was supported by S R C Grant B/RG/5549/4 made jointly to Brunel University and Imperial College of Sceience and Technology for research on Finite Element Techniques. (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 194-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper contains an algorithm for the ordering of elements in the finite element method, which can be utilized in the Non-assembly Method of the author and in the Frontal Solution Method of B. M. Irons.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110120
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    Calculation of vibration frequencies by a hybrid element method based on a generalized complementary energy principle (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 231-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Based on a generalized complementary energy principle the derivation of the element matrices is presented for calculation of natural frequencies. The degrees-of-freedom are not defined on nodal points but in an abstract way. No restrictions about the number of interpolation functions in the interior and at the boundaries of the element have been introduced. The exact solution of the discretized element equations leads to the dynamic stiffness matrix while the approximate solution results in a linear eigenvalue problem. Plate bending problems are used to study the convergence of frequencies depending on the degrees of interpolation functions within the element and on its boundaries and on the number of elements.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110203
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  • 37
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    A Block-Stodola eigensolution technique for large algebraic systems with non-symmetrical matrices (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 247-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A Block-Stodola eigensolution method is presented for large algebraic eigensystems of the form AU = λBU where A is real but non-symmetric. The steps in this method parallel those of a previous technique for the case when both A and B were real and symmetric. The essence of the technique is simultaneous iteration using a group of trial vectors instead of only one vector as is the case in the classical Stodola-Vianello iteration method. The problem is then transformed into a subspace where a direct solution of the reduced algebraic eigenvalue problem is sought. The main advantage is the significant reduction of computational effort in extracting a subset of eigenvalues and corresponding eigenvectors. Theorems from linear algebra serve to underlie the basis of the present technique. Complex eigendata that emerge during iteration can be handled without doubling the size of the problem. Higher order eigenvalue problems are reducible to first order form for which this technique is applicable. The treatment of the quadratic eigenvalue problem illustrates the details of this extension.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110204
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  • 38
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    A hybrid crack element for rectilinear anisotropic material (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 377-382 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110211
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  • 39
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    Application of the front solution to two and three-dimensional elastoplastic crack problems (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 393-395 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110215
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  • 40
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    Comment on the paper ‘a finite element solution program for large structures’ (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 404-405 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110219
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    A homework exercise in finite elements (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 411-417 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: We suggest an exercise which illustrates many of the fundamental ideas of finite elements, and is nevertheless easily programmed and quickly solved. It is governed by a partial differential equation on a circular region, but by maintaining symmetry the stiffness matrix becomes small and tridiagonal. The accuracy of linear elements can be studied in detail, and a straightforward extension leads to the eigenvalue problem, elements of higher degree, numerical integration, isoparametric elements, and a simple example in plasticity.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110302
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  • 42
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    Numerical Fourier analysis in the range of higher frequencies (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 469-480 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A novel method is proposed for the numerical computation of Fourier coefficients in the range of higher frequencies for which hitherto no practical method was available. The accuracy of the results obtained by application of this method is discussed, and bounds of a correction term are determined accordingly. An example from the field of Diesel engine research is given, and the computed spectrum is compared with the spectrum recorded by an electronic harmonic analyzer.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110307
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  • 43
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    Least square and Galerkin finite element solution of flow past a flat plate (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 185-190 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110118
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  • 44
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    Announcements (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 204-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110123
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  • 45
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    Finite element solutions of the non-self-adjoint convective-dispersion equation (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 269-287 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Finite element formulations based on the Galerkin and variational principles have been developed for the self-adjoint and non-self-adjoint problems represented respectively by the flow and convective-dispersion equations in the cylindrical polar system of co-ordinates. The formulation based on the variational principle is shown to be restricted to dispersion-dominant transports only. The Galerkin method is demonstrated to be more versatile and free from convergence and stability problems. The computational scheme based on the Galerkin principle is shown to be equally valid for both convection and dispersion dominant transports. The numerical results obtained are verified with known analytical solutions. It is concluded that the suggested scheme can be used in solving a variety of field problems involving groundwater dispersion.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110205
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  • 46
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    The indirect design of fluid channels using a global variational method with trial functions not satisfying the prescribed boundary conditions (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 579-591 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The indirect design problem for compressible fluid flow in a channel determines the physical shape of the channel from the prescribed flow on the channel boundary. In this paper, a global variational method for the solution of this problem is described.The non-linear equations are solved by iteration; at each step of this iteration the solution to the equations (which are now linear) is found by a global variational method. The variational method differs from conventional methods in that the trial function does not satisfy the prescribed boundary conditions, but the method reproduces the conditions on the boundary.Results are presented for various physical quantities associated with the channel.Some comments are made on the extensions of these methods to supersonic flow and to the realistic cascade design problem.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110314
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  • 47
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    Matrices for scientists and engineers, W. W. Bell (University of Aberdeen), Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1974. £3·95 paperback £7·75 cloth (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 605-605 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110318
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  • 48
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    On computer-aided analytic element analysis and the similarities of tetrahedron elements (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 611-622 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A complete analytical analysis of three-dimensional, quadratic displacement tetrahedron elements is presented. The results show that the element stiffness can readily be obtained from the much simpler stiffness matrix of the linear displacement element. Thus, the task of obtaining the matrix of the quadratic displacement element is, in effect, reduced to finding that of the linear displacement element.The analysis has been made possible only by using a symbolic manipulation language (PL/I-FORMAC) on a computer. A rather general program for computer-aided basic element analysis is presented. It seems that the extremely effective tool of symbolic manipulation has hardly been used until now in mechanics.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110402
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  • 49
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    Fuller Obituary on Professor B. Fraeijs de Veubeke (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 407-407 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110221
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  • 50
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    A numerical method for the solution of certain classes of nonlinear Volterra integro-differential and integral equations (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 431-438 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A direct numerical method is presented for the solution of classes of non-linear, singular Volterra integral and integro-differential equations of the types where y is the unknown and the Fs and Gs are given but to a large extent arbitrary functions of their arguments. The adaptation of the method to other equations, in particular with different kernels, is immediate.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110304
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    On the elastic plastic initial-boundary value problem and its numerical integration (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 817-832 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An interative approach is proposed for the numerical analysis of elastic-plastic continua. This approach gives after convergence an implicit scheme of integration of the evolution problem, and is concerned with elastic-perfectly plastic materials and with hardening standard materials. Under a generalized assumption of positive hardening, the proof of convergence of the iterative solutions is given. Some numerical examples by the finite element method are also discussed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110505
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  • 52
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    Elasto-plastic finite element analysis (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 875-881 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An elasto-plastic finite element small displacement procedure to predict the behaviour of structures under cyclic loads is presented. The solution combines incremental procedure with correction for equilibrium and iterative scheme. Applications are made for a rectangular strip and a notched bar under cyclic axial loads. Flow theory of plasticity with either isotropic hardening or kinematic linear hardening is used.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110509
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    A classification and survey of numerical methods for boundary value problems in ordinary differential equations (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 771-796 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The objective of the paper is a survey and classification of available numerical methods for boundary value problems with an emphasis on two point boundary value problems. In the paper a general two point boundary value problem is stated first and later available numerical methods are classified into five main groups according to their approach in numerical solution. In the next sections of the paper, each of these main groups are described and appropriate subgroups are defined and discussed.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110503
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  • 54
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    An isoparametric Hermitian element for the solution of field problems (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 945-962 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A two-dimensional isoparametric Hermitian element is investigated for use in potential field problems with irregular geometry. Nodal degrees-of-freedom are the potential, the gradients in the directions normal and tangential to the element sides, and the twist. In applying the isoparametric principle a simple approximation is used which in general guarantees C1 continuity only at the element corners. The present version is restricted to 90-degree interior angles.The element is applied in the Galerkin solution of the steady-state continuity equation and several examples are presented. It is found that in cases where the potential field is simple but the element is strongly distorted, gradients obtained from the Hermite are not as accurate as those from the Lagrange-type cubic element having the same number of degrees-of-freedom. When the potential field is complex and the distortion is small, the Hermitian gradients are comparable to those of the Lagrange cubic; with increasing distortion they are comparable at the boundaries but less so in the interior. The errors in the potentials themselves are very similar, both elements giving a high degree of accuracy.Since all of its degrees-of-freedom are shared by four elements in the interior of a grid, the Hermite element is approximately 20 per cent more efficient than the Lagrange cubic for all but the smallest grids. Also, since the Hermite uses fewer nodes, data handling is greatly reduced. The element appears to be attractive at least in the area of groundwater flow.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110604
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    Optimization methods applied to hydrodynamic bearing design (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1005-1027 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Optimization techniques are applied to the design of both hydrodynamic journal and tilting pad thrust bearings. Fletcher's adaptation of Davidon's gradient search method is further modified to deal with non-linear constraints in journal bearing design. A form of the Sequential Simplex is used for tilting pad thrust bearings. Penalty functions and variable transformations are used in both cases. Composite objective functions are included and the effect of weighting on each component of the composite function is investigated.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110608
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  • 56
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    Optimum design of laminated fibre composite plates (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 623-640 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A method is presented for the minimum weight optimum design of laminated fibre composite plates, subject to multiple inplane loading conditions, which includes stiffness, strength and elastic stability constraints. The buckling analysis is based on an equivalent orthotropic plate approach leading to two uncoupled eigenproblems per load condition. Overall computational efficiency is achieved by using constraint deletion techniques in conjunction with Taylor series approximations for the constraints retained. The optimization algorithm used, namely the method of inscribed hyperspheres, is a sequence of linear programs technique which exhibits rapid convergence in this application. Several example problems are given to demonstrate that the method presented offers an efficient and practical optimum design procedure for the fundamental and recurring problem treated.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110403
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    Error analysis of penalty function techniques for constraint definition in linear algebraic systems (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 709-728 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The penalty function approach has been recently formalized as a general technique for adjoining constraint conditions to algebraic equation systems resulting from variational discretization of boundary value problems by finite difference or finite element techniques. This paper studies the numerical behaviour of the penalty function method for the special case of individual equation constraints imposed on a symmetric system of linear algebraic equations. Constraint representation and computational roundoff error components are distinguished and asymptotically characterized in terms of the penalty function weight coefficients. On the basis of this study, practical rules for the automatic assignment of values to those coefficients within the linear equation solver are proposed. Numerical problems encountered in the case of more general constraints are briefly discussed, and procedures for circumventing such difficulties are suggested.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110408
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    Application of optimization and finite element methods to a cracking problem in timber (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 756-758 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110412
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    Announcements (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 766-767 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110415
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    Erratum (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 770-770 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110502
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    Superposition method of finite element and analytical solutions for transient creep analysis (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1107-1115 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Based on the Lagrange multiplier's concept, a superposition method of analytical and finite element solutions has been developed to solve efficiently various non-linear and/or time-dependent problems in structural mechanics. According to the theory, the transient creep behaviour of a cantilever beam is analysed as an expository example.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110707
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    An introduction to the mathematical theory of finite elements, J. T. Oden and J. N. Reddy, Wiley, New York, 1976. No. of pages 429. Price $32·00, £17·50 (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1198-1198 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110715
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    Creep analysis of reinforced and prestressed concrete structures under non-uniform temperature distributions, using elastic solutions (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 883-895 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The analysis of stresses and deformations in concrete structures subjected to temperature gradients is described. As a result of the spatial variation of temperature, the creep compliance is a function of position. Previous work has shown that the constitutive equations for concrete creep can be expressed in a form which is invariable although ageing is included in the analysis. Thus viscoelastic methods can be used and correspondence principles can be developed; emphasis is placed in the present work on those which are based on the Laplace transform. A particular form is described, in which replacement of the elastic modulus by a function of the transformed creep compliance gives transformed values of stress; these values are easily obtained numerically by the finite element method using elastic analyses. The transformed values of stress are then expressed as approximate functions of the transformed creep compliance; inversion of the ensuing functions gives the stress as an approximate function of time. Two applications are given; the first considers a simple axially loaded column with reinforcement and the second deals with a thick cylinder subjected to a temperature gradient.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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    Discussion of ‘Finite element residual schemes for unconfined flow’ by Chandrakant S. DesaiInt. J. num. Meth. Engng, 10, 1415-1418 (1976). (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 908-910 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110514
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    A finite element free boundary formulation for the problem of multiphase heat conduction (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 933-943 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The problem of heat conduction in a multiphase medium is a free boundary problem in which the free boundary is the phase transition line. The solution to this problem is highly irregular in that the temperature gradient is discontinuous at the free boundary. Two-dimensional, discontinuous, space-time finite elements are introduced to obtain a finite element, free boundary formulation for this problem. The jump in heat flux and position of the phase transition line become dependent variables in the finite element model. The resulting models give accurate results while allowing the calculation of free boundary problems with a fixed finite element mesh.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110603
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    Numerical analysis of flow with or without wake past a symmetric two-dimensional profile without incidence (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 975-993 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Formulated in the hodograph plane, the bi-dimensional flow of a perfect fluid past a symmetric body leads to an elliptic variational inequality. By this way we show the existence of a one-parameter family of solutions. Furthermore the study gives us a simple and effective method for calculating the solutions. The results obtained with some typical profiles are given and compared with previous works.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110606
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    Static stability of plates using fully conforming element (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 995-1003 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In this paper the geometric stiffness matrices of a 12 degree-of-freedom rectangular element based on a fully compatible displacement field are developed for the first time and used to solve the elastic stability problem of rectangular plates under combined in-plane forces.The rapid convergence of buckling solutions based on the derived geometric stiffness matrices is demonstrated for plates with various boundary and loading conditions. Comparison of results shows that the present conforming element gives in all cases better results than the well known 12 degree-of-freedom non-conforming rectangular element.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110607
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    An alternate finite difference operator for plates of variable stiffness (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1044-1048 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A finite difference approximation for the equilibrium equation of a thin, laterally loaded, elastic plate of variable stiffness is developed; it uses plate stiffnesses at node points and at points midway between the nodes of the rectangular grids. Displacement and moment results using this operator and an alternate one are compared.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110611
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    Call for papers (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1056-1056 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110615
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    Compact computation of natural frequencies and buckling loads for plane frames (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1067-1081 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Existing theory is assembled to give a method which needs only the core of a mini-computer to calculate the eigenvalues of large rigidly jointed plane frames with certainty, the eigenvalues being natural frequencies and critical load factors in free vibration and buckling problems, respectively. The method is illustrated by annotated listings of vibration and buckling programs, each involving under two hundred Fortran statements and with low number storage requirements (see Table I). The use of the programs as ‘black boxes’ is fully explained, with illustrative examples.The member theory used is the ‘exact’ classical Bernoulli-Euler uniform member theory. Possible applications include: evaluation of answers from approximate methods; calculation of critical loads for substitution in the modified Merchant-Rankine formula to estimate collapse loads of frames; and calculation of shifts in natural frequencies caused by structural damage, in connection with structural integrity monitoring of inaccessible structures.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110704
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    A finite element convergence study for accelerating flow problems (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1155-1174 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The convergence properties of several non-linear solution procedures were examined with respect to the accelerated flow of a fluid in a converging channel (the Hamel problem), using two different finite element computer programs with different elemental construction. The Reynolds number varied from that for creeping flow to 1088 without exceeding the radius of convergence. Special attention was given to the successive substitution and Newton-Raphson solution algorithms, with a significant advantage in rate of convergence noted for the latter.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110710
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  • 72
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    An unconditionally stable explicit algorithm for structural dynamics (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1579-1592 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper presents an unconditionally stable explicit algorithm for the direct integration of the structural dynamic equations of motion. The algorithm is restricted to a diagonal mass matrix and positive definite symmetric stiffness and damping matrices. The algorithm is based on splitting the stiffness and damping matrices into strictly lower and upper trangular form. Unconditional stability is proven, but only for the undamped case and a completely symmetric splitting of the stiffness matrix. An alternate splitting method is also presented and numerical examples indicate superior performance over the symmetric splitting, but only a conditional stability. A spring-mass-dashpot model is used to illustrate the algorithm.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620111008
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  • 73
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    Differentiation and integration using Bernstein's polynomials (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1627-1630 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620111012
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  • 74
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    Newtonian die swell evaluation for axisymmetric tube exits using a finite element method (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1621-1626 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Using a finite element method, a value of 13.2 per cent is obtained for the die swell of a highly-viscous Newtonian fluid flowing at very low Reynolds number from a circular tube of constant radius. The same method is then used to obtain die swell values for a variety of axisymmetric tube exits. It is found that, in general, conical constrictions at or near the tube exit result in a decrease in die swell, while conical expansions increase the die swell.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620111011
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  • 75
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    The steady state response of geometrically non-linear shallow arches (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1261-1269 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The non-linear steady state response of structures with curvature is investigated through the expository example of a shallow circular arch. A consistent mass finite element formulation is employed to derive the governing non-linear differential equations.These equations are solved by assuming a single mode expansion reducing the governing equations to the single degree-of-freedom Duffing's equation with a quadratic term. The non-symmetric amplitude-frequency curve is derived and compared with results previously obtained by direct integration of the equations of motion.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110807
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  • 76
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    Temperature load on thick curved shell elements (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1329-1333 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Temperature load on a shell is usually represented as initial strains in the tangent plane directions of the shell, since strains in shell surface normal directions are neglected. It is shown, however, that this simplification may give rise to significant errors for thick curved shell elements. A procedure to overcome this problem is presented. In particular the eight-node subparametric thick shell element is considered.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110811
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  • 77
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    A block iterative finite element algorithm for numerical solution of the steady-state, compressible Navier-Stokes equations (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1879-1892 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An iterative method for numerically solving the time independent Navier-Stokes equations for viscous compressible flows is presented. The method is based upon partial application of the Gauss-Seidel principle in block form to the systems of the non-linear algebraic equations which arise in construction of finite element (Galerkin) models approximating solutions of fluid dynamic problems. The C0-cubic element on triangles is employed for function approximation. Computational results for a free shear flow at Re = 1000 indicate significant achievement of economy in iterative convergence rate over finite element and finite difference models which employ the customary time dependent equations and symptotic time marching procedure to steady solution. Numerical results are in excellent agreement with those obtained for the same test problem employing time marching finite element and finite difference solution techniques.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620111210
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  • 78
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    The finite element solution of dissipative electromagnetic surface waveguides (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 11-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A finite element method is developed for investigating the propagation of high frequency electromagnetic waves along closed or open (surface) waveguides containing dissipative materials and having a cross section of arbitrary shape. The complex propagation constants and associated complex electromagnetic fields are determined as a function of frequency for possible modes of propagation. The method is verified by applying it to structures of simple shape for which analytical results may be calculated for comparison. Waveguides considered include a waveguide filled with dissipative material, a dissipative dielectric rod, a dielectric coated wire and a conducting wire.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110104
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  • 79
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    Infinite elements (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 53-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A series of shape functions analogous to Lagrange polynomials, but including an exponential decay term, are suggested as appropriate for elements which extend to infinity. The shape functions are applied to a number of examples, mainly of viscous flow, where the domain extends to infinity. Both explicitly integrated and numerically integrated elements are described. The technique is applicable to many problems where the domain is supposed to extend to infinity.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110107
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  • 80
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    Integration of triangular finite elements containing corrective rational functions (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 107-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Rational corrective functions are often supplemented to complete polynomials in order to create conforming triangular finite elements for plate bending. Although such elements containing complete polynomials of degree 3 or 4 have long been known, conforming triangular elements for plate bending, which contain complete polynomials of arbitrary degree p ≤ 5 and new corrective rational functions, have been given only recently.Integration of rational functions usually requires numerical quadrature. It is shown here that these new corrective rational functions fall into two classes. For those in one class, explicit closed form integration formulas are available. For those in the other class, integration can be performed very efficiently by summing series whose general term is O(kd) for large k, where d ≤ 5. These formulas also apply to the older third and fourth order elements.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110111
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    The flexural analysis of laminated composites using a parabolic isometric plate bending element (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 174-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110116
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    Technical note: The application of computers to viscosity measurement in non-newtonian fluids (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 191-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A numerical method is described for the determination of viscosity-shear rate dependence in non-Newtonian fluids from simple pipe flow data. Results are presented to illustrate the accuracy of the method.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110119
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    Automatic generation of stiffness matrices for finite element analysis (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 396-400 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Procedures for the automatic generation of symbolic stiffness matrices are presented that greatly reduce the amount of work involved in the construction of finite element stiffness matrices. The related system of programs is presented which completely automates the matrix generation and an example is given.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110216
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    A modified prefrontal routine (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 765-766 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110414
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    Masthead (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110501
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    Vector and tensor methods, Frank Chorlton, Ellis Horwood Ltd., Chichester, 1976. No. of pages: 332. Price: cloth £8.00, paper £3.50 (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 768-768 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110417
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  • 87
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    Structural instability and natural vibration analysis of thin arbitrary shells by use of the Semiloof element (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 481-498 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: At present the Semiloof element is probably one of the most efficient available for the solution of thin shells of arbitrary geometry. Experience in static situations indicates that accurate results can be obtained for non-trivial geometric and loading configurations with relatively coarse meshes. Variable thickness shells or discontinuous thicknesses can be accommodated and no difficulties are encountered in modelling sharp corners or multiple junctions in structures. The element is basically non-conforming but some measure of C1 continuity is provided by the introduction of normal rotation variables at Loof nodes on the element boundary. This paper examines the element behaviour when applied to elastic instability and vibration situations. An eigenvalue solution scheme based on Sturm sequences is presented which does not require the usual elimination of a percentage of the total nodal variables by static condensation. Finally the method is assessed by the solution of several numerical examples.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110308
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    A note on a simple thick finite strip (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 905-907 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110513
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    Numerical methods for constrained optimization (Ed. P. E. Gill and W. Murray), Academic Press, London, 1974. Price £8.80. 283 pages (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 912-912 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110517
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    Numerical integration on a triangle (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 797-815 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Approximations, with any arbitrary degree, of integrals on a triangle are obtained as a product (different from Stroud's conical product formulas) of one-dimensional Gauss-Jacobi formulas.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110504
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    Determination of eigenvalues of large structural systems in an arbitrarily specified range (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 867-874 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: For a large structural system of small bandwidth a technique combining linear interpolation on the characteristic polynomial and suppression of its previously determined roots by deflation can be used to determine its eigenvalues. The eigenvalues, however, have to be found in order, beginning from either the lowest (or the highest) to obtain monotonic convergence to the polynomial roots. A method which eliminates this restriction is presented in this paper. If eigenvalues greater than a are desired, the method, in essence, consists of modifying the deflation procedure to suppress all the eigenvalues smaller than a without actually determining them. Some consequences of the procedure developed in this paper are also presented and it is shown that the standard deflation technique is a special case of this procedure. The method has been applied to a wide range of problems with success and considerable saving in computation time.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110508
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  • 92
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    Analysis of active ladder network by using coates flow graphs and continuants (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 900-904 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A simple method for solving the matrix equation describing the general active ladder network, is presented. Using Coates flow graphs and continuants the expressions for current, voltage, and also example of application are given.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110512
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    A modification of the alpha constant technique (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1053-1054 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110613
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    Erratum (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1058-1058 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110702
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  • 95
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    An energy basis for mesh refinement of structural continua (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1083-1091 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper proposes an energy measure of discretization error and examines its use for finite element mesh refinement in the analysis of structural continua.The measure is based on the strain energy contributions by the admissible displacement response modes of an element. An element energy differential is obtained by separating the energy contribution due to the higher displacement modes. This measure is suitable for use with all element types based on the direct stiffness method.The paper presents results of membrane, plate and shell analyses using the measure. It compares sequences of analysis with successively improved meshes to explore the quality of the measure. It concludes that the element energy difference provides a quantitative measure of the efficiency of a given mesh and a qualitative measure which is useful for selecting further mesh refinements, when necessary.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110705
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    On isoparametric vs linear strain triangular elements (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1041-1043 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110610
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    Static analysis of diaphragm-supported cylindrical shells using a curved finite strip (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1347-1364 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Two versions are presented of a tranversely-curved finite strip for the static analysis of circular cylindrical shells. The strip is a refined displacement model with sixteen transverse degrees-of-freedom arranged either at two or at four nodal lines. The analysis is specialized for cylinders with diaphragm supports at the ends - via the employment of simple trigonometric series in the longitudinal direction - but extension to other end conditions is straightforward in principle. Detailed results of applications of the curved strip are presented.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110902
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    Substructured macro elements based on locally blended interpolation (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1405-1421 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In this paper we describe a new class of locally refined macro finite elements which are especially amenable to the use of substructuring techniques for the efficient solution of the resulting idealization. The tools and guidelines illustrated by the examples of modelling crack tips, point load singularities and singularities at re-entrant corners should enable an analyst to construct other such blended macro elements specifically tailored to his particular class of problems. The use of such substructured macro elements in finite element calculations permits substantial reduction in the manual effort of data preparation and the computational cost of numerical solution.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110906
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    Isoparametric, finite element, variational solution of integral equations for three-dimensional fields (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1455-1471 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An improved numerical method, based on a variational approach with isoparametric finite elements, is presented for the solution of the boundary integral equation formulation of three-dimensional fields. The technique provides higher-order approximation of the unknown function over a bounding surface described by two-parameter, non-planar elements. The integral equation is discretized through the Rayleigh-Ritz procedure. Convergence to the solution for operators having a positive-definite component is guaranteed. Kernel singularities are treated by removing them from the relevant integrals and dealing with them analytically. A successive element iterative process, which produces the solution of the large dense matrix of the complete structure, is described. The discretization and equation solution take place one element at a time resulting in storage and computational savings. Results obtained for classical test models, involving scalar electrostatic potential and vector elastostatic displacement fields, demonstrate the technique for the solution of the Fredholm integral equation of the first kind. Solution of the Fredholm equation of the second kind is to be reported subsequently.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110909
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    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analyse numérique des inéquations variationelles (in French), R. Glowinski, J. L. Lions and R. Trémolieres, Dunod, Paris, 1976. No. of pages: 558. price: 390FF (1977)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1486-1486 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620110914
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