Library

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • 1980-1984
  • 1965-1969  (902)
  • 1968  (902)
  • Physics  (496)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (379)
  • Cat  (15)
  • Kidney  (12)
  • Nuclear reactions
Material
Years
  • 1980-1984
  • 1965-1969  (902)
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 127 (1968), S. 221-231 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Marginal glia ; Superficial nerve cells ; Brain stem ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung An Paraffinschnitten durch perfusionsfixierte Gehirne von erwachsenen Katzen werden in der Glia marginalis des Hirnstamms unterschiedlich gebaute Bezirke beschrieben. Es wird gezeigt, daß über dem Nucleus paragigantocellularis und über dem Ncl. “z” swischen den Fasern der Glia marginalis Nervenzellen liegen. Über dem erstgenannten Kern stellen diese Zellen möglicherweise das morphologische Substrat der chemosensiblen Felder dar, die durch die physiologischen Untersuchungen von Loeschcke, Mitchell u.a. bekannt geworden sind.
    Notes: Summary In the marginal glia covering the brain stem of the cat, regional differences are described in paraffin sections of brains which had been fixed by perfusion of Bouin's fluid. It is shown that between the glia fibres covering the nucleus paragigantocellularis and the nucleus “z” there are nerve cells. It is suggested that in the region of the nucleus paragiganto-cellularis these cells are the morphological substrate of a chemosensible zone described in physiological experiments by Loeschcke, Mitchell and others.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 127 (1968), S. 138-144 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Capillary density ; Postnatal development ; Corpus callosum ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung An Paraffinschnitten durch das Corpus callosum perfusionsfixierter Gehirne von 19 Katzen im Alter von einem Tag bis zu 2 1/2 Jahren wurde das Capillarvolumen bestimmt. Es beträgt bei der neugeborenen Katze 0,81 Vol.-%. In der 2. Lebenswoche beginnt eine Zunahme, die in der 5. Woche ein Maximum von 2,92 Vol.-% erreicht. Im Verlauf der 6. Woche setzt eine zunächst rasche, von der 7. Woche an aber nur noch langsam verlaufende Abnahme ein, bis bei einem Lebensalter von etwa 1 Jahr ein für das erwachsene Tier charakteristischer Wert um 1,5 Vol.-% erreicht wird. Die Abnahme des Capillarvolumens hängt mit der Markscheidenbildung und der dadurch bedingten Zunahme des Fasermaterials zusammen.
    Notes: Summary Postnatal changes of capillary density have been determined in paraffin sections through the corpus callosum of 19 cats. At birth the capillary density amounts to 0.81 vol.-%. In the 2nd week of postnatal life it begins to increase and reaches a maximum of 2.92 vol.-% in the 5th week. From the 6th week onwards there is an initially steep and later on less pronounced decrease until at an age of about 1 year a value of about 1.5 vol.-% is reached, which is maintained in adult life. — The decrease in the percentage of capillary volume seen after the 5th week is caused by the rapid increase in fibrous material due to myelination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Alumina Cream ; Intracerebral Injection ; Pathology of Growing Brain ; Myelination ; Demyelination ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Zum Studium der Reaktion des jugendlichen und erwachsenen Gehirnes auf einen chronischen Reiz wurden bei Katzen verschiedenen Lebensalters intracerebrale Injektionen von Aluminiumhydroxyd vorgenommen. Die Tiere wurden nach Überlebenszeiten von 7 Tagen, 40 Tagen und 3 Monaten durch Perfusion mit Bouinscher Lösung getötet. Die histologische Untersuchung der Gehirne ergab eine Reihe von Unterschieden, je nachdem ob die Injektion vor oder nach der Markscheidenbildung erfolgt war. Besonders auffällig war der Befund, daß in der noch unmyelinisierten weißen Substanz jugendlicher Tiere kein Hirnödem und keine Gliose auftritt. Obgleich durch fluorescenzmikroskopische Untersuchungen gezeigt werden konnte, daß das Aluminium von der Injektionsstelle aus weit in das umgebende Hirngewebe eindringt und dort über lange Zeit festgehalten wird, werden bei den jungen Tieren die Markscheiden später bis in die unmittelbare Umgebung des Herdes normal angelegt. Bei erwachsenen Tieren kam es dagegen in der Nachbarschaft des Herdes stets zu einem starkem Ödem der weißen Substanz, zum Zerfall der Markscheiden und zu einer ausgebreiteten Gliose. Weitere Unterschiede in der Reaktionsweise des Gehirnes jugendlicher und erwachsener Tiere, die den Cortex und insbesondere die marginale Gliafaserschicht betreffen, werden im einzelnen beschrieben und diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary In order to compare the reaction to chronic irritation of young and adult brain intracerebral injections of alumina cream were made in cats of various ages. The animals were killed by perfusion with Bouin's fluid after a survival time of 7 days, 40 days, and 3 months. Histological investigation revealed gross differences in the reaction according to whether the intracerebral injections had been made before or after myelination. Particularly striking was the finding that in the non-myelinated white matter of young animals there was no edema and no subsequent gliosis. Although alumina, as evidenced by fluorescence microscopy after staining with Morin, spreads into the tissue surrounding the focus, subsequent myelination appeared to be normal even in regions close to the site of injection. In contrast, injection into the brains of adult animals was followed by edema, widespread demyelination and gliosis of the white matter near the site of injection. Further differences between young and adult animals were found in the reaction of the grey matter and particularly of the marginal glia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 5 (1968), S. 326-340 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Subcellular fractionation ; Parallel fiber axons ; Cerebellum ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Fractionation of the cat cerebellum has revealed that the parallel fibers of the cerebellar cortex break into two types of fragments which can be recognized in thin sections and in suspensions of negatively stained material. Fragmented material correlates well with electron micrographs of parallel fibers in situ. Parallel fiber axons and their bulbous presynaptic expansions sediment mainly into two subfractions. One unique layer consists of the intersynaptic tubular pieces of parallel fiber axons. Another layer is enriched in the synaptic portions which make contact with Purkinje spines. The possible contaminants of these fractions are discussed. These fractions may permit analysis of the chemical organization of conducting vis à vis synaptic membranes from a known anatomical source. This material was presented as a preliminary report at the Sixth Annual Meeting of the American Society for Cell Biology, November 1966, and is contained in J. Cell. Biol. 31, 52A, 1966.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 6 (1968), S. 234-246 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Tactile discrimination ; Dorsal column-medial lemniscus ; Spino-cervico-thalamic tract ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The role of two spinal sensory pathways, the dorsal column (DC) pathway and the spino-cervico-thalamic tract (SCTT), involved in tactile discrimination was studied. Pour lesion groups of cats (DC lesion, SCTT lesion, combined DC and SCTT lesion, and sham-operated) were tested to discriminate various degrees of roughness. Animals with either the SCTT or the combined lesions performed at around 50–60% level under all the conditions tested. On the other hand, those with the DC lesion and sham-operations generally attained 80–100% level of performance. A difference between the DC group and sham-operated group was found in their rate of learning and ability for finer discrimination. These results are interpreted as an indication that a duplicity in transmission of tactile sensation exists, the DC pathway being more specific than the SCTT.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 5 (1968), S. 55-60 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: EEG frequency ; Regional cortical blood flow ; Isotope measurements ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The EEG frequency content in cats, anaesthetized by Nembutal and artificially ventilated, was altered by means of injections of either additional Nembutal or of Metrazol. The EEG in cerveau isolé preparations was also changed in the same way. The regional cortical blood flow was determined by means of the 85Krypton technique. A high correlation was found between the frequency content of the EEG, measured by means of manual frequency analysis, and the regional cortical blood flow. The cortical blood flow increased when the mean frequency increased, and vice versa. A similar correlation was found when the EEG mean frequency was changed by means of sensory stimulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 5 (1968), S. 61-71 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: EEG frequency ; Regional cortical blood flow ; Isotope measurements ; Effects of hypoxia ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. The relationship between cortical blood flow and the frequency content of the EEG was studied in a circumscribed area of the exposed cerebral cortex in cats under nitrous oxide-oxygen anaesthesia. Autoregulation of the cortical blood flow was also tested during step-changes of the arterial blood pressure. Observations were made before and after an episode of severe hypoxia. 2. An episode of systemic hypoxia disrupted the normal high correlation between cortical blood flow and EEG frequency content. In the post-hypoxic period cortical flows of up to about three times normal values were recorded together with brain swelling and a slow wave EEG. The hyperemia and swelling subsided during 1–2 h after the hypoxic episode, and were accompanied by partial or complete recovery of the EEG. In the post-hypoxic period a defective autoregulation of the cortical blood flow to changes in the systemic blood pressure was demonstrated. 3. The cerebral post-hypoxic state with hyperaemia, brain swelling, EEG depression, and loss of autoregulation of blood flow, is probably caused by an accumulation of anaerobic metabolites which lead to cerebral tissue acidosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Cerebral cortex ; Thalamus ; Cat ; Nauta
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The corticothalamic projections from the gyrus proreus and the medial wall of the rostral hemisphere have been studied in the cat with the silver method of Nauta. The gyrus proreus projects upon the following nuclei (for abbreviations, see list on page 133), ipsilateral R, VA, VM, VL, MD, Pc, CL, CM, Pf, VPM, VPMpc. VPI and to the contralateral principal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve. The medial wall of the rostral hemisphere projects bilaterally upon R, VA, VM, VL, MD, Pc, CL, CM, Pf, VPM, VPMpc, VPI, VPL, the dorsal column nuclei and the principal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve. The ipsilateral thalamic projection is more abundant than the contralateral. The latter appears to increase in amount as the lesion is placed successively more ventrally on the medial wall of the rostral hemisphere. Some degenerating fibers cross in the corpus callosum and descend in the contralateral internal capsule but the majority cross in the dorsal part of the anterior commissure and reach the medial aspect of the anterior limb of the contralateral internal capsule. A somatotopical organization of the medial wall of the rostral hemisphere has been demonstrated. The rostrocaudal part projects upon the ipsilateral VPL lateralis (VPLl) and nucleus cuneatus and the contralateral nucleus gracilis and VPL medialis (VPLm). The caudal part of this cortical area sends fibers bilaterally to VPM, VPMpc, and the principal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve. The intermediate part, which also includes agranular cortex on the medial wall, projects upon ispsilateral VPLm and nucleus gracilis and upon contralateral VPLl and nucleus cuneatus. — The fibers to the ventro-basal complex, dorsal column nuclei and the principal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve are rather thick. The corticofugal fibers to the other thalamic nuclei are quite thin. — The findings are discussed in light of relevant anatomical and physiological observations in the literature and special emphasis has been laid on reported observations on the “supplementary motor” area.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 5 (1968), S. 153-172 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: SII ; Thalamus ; Cat ; Somatotopical localization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The corticothalamic projection from the anterior ectosylvian gyrus in the cat has been studied with the silver impregnation method of Nauta. The second somatosensory cortical area (SII) projects upon the ipsilateral nucleus ventralis posterolateralis (VPL), nucleus ventralis posteromedialis (VPM), the posterior thalamic region (PO) and to a slight extent upon the reticular nucleus of the thalamus (R), the centrum medianum (CM), the parvocellular part of VPM (VPMpc) and the nucleus ventralis posterior inferior (VPI). A somatotopical arrangement in the projection upon the ventro-basal (VB) complex has been demonstrated and a topical arrangement in the corticothalamic fibers from SII to PO is also evident. The transitional area between SII and the second auditory cortex sends fibers mainly to the entire magnocellular part of the medial geniculate body (MGmc) and to a lesser degree to the principal division of this nucleus (MGp). The corticofugal fibers from SII follow various and rather complicated circuitous routes before they end in the different thalamic nuclei. The experimental findings are discussed in the light of recent anatomical and physiological observations. It is shown that zones B and C of SII which have been shown by Carreras and Andersson (1963) to possess a large number of place and modality specific neurons project upon the VB-complex. On the other hand, zone A which contains a majority of place and modality unspecific neurons sends its fibers exclusively to PO. Finally the problem of thalamocortical projections to SII is briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 5 (1968), S. 210-234 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Sensorimotor cortex ; Pontine nuclei ; Somatotopical localization ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Small lesions (in some cases bilateral) were made in the cerebral primary sensorimotor region in altogether 21 adult cats and the ensuing degeneration in the pontine nuclei was studied with the silver impregnation methods of Nauta and Glees. Using thermocoagulation it was possible to obtain lesions restricted entirely to particular cortical regions (for example the “hindlimb region” in the posterior sigmoid gyrus). The main results are as follows: 1. All parts of the primary sensorimotor region send fibres to the pontine nuclei. The projections from the posterior part of the posterior sigmoid gyrus and the posterior part of the coronal gyrus are relatively scanty. 2. The cortical “motor” area (the anterior sigmoid gyrus and the anterior part of the coronal gyrus) and the “sensory” area (the posterior sigmoid gyrus and the posterior part of the coronal gyrus) do not project to identical pontine regions, although both projections are organized in principally the same way. 3. The “motor” and “sensory” areas both project in a somatotopical manner onto two longitudinally oriented sharply delimited columns. In both projections one column is located medial and one lateral to the longitudinal fibre bundles of the corticospinal and corticobulbar tracts. Within the medial columns the “hindlimb” is represented ventrally with “face” most dorsally, within the lateral columns the “hindlimb” is located most caudally, with “forelimb” and “face” successively more rostrally. 4. The present results are in agreement with physiological observations on the cerebrocerebellar relations, but show that the pontine projection from the primary sensorimotor cortex is organized in a more complex manner than hitherto assumed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 4 (1968), S. 321-329 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Temperature ; Interval histograms ; Optic nerve ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In 13 Katzen wurde die Aktivität von 128 Einzelfasern des N. opticus bei Temperaturen zwischen 27 und 39° C abgeleitet und direkt einer Intervallanalyse zugeführt. Die Durchschnittsfrequenz sank mit abnehmender Temperatur von 56/sec bei 39–37° C auf 21/sec unter 29° C. Bei Temperaturen über 35° C wurden nur unimodale oder zweigipfelige Verteilungen mit gehäuften Mehrfachentladungen gefunden. Unter 35° C traten multimodale Intervallhistogramme und Übergangstypen auf, bei denen einer Verteilung mehrere Gipfel aufgesetzt erschienen. Unter 29° C wurden nur mehrgipfelige Verteilungen beobachtet. In der phasischen Reaktion der Neurone wurden mit der Temperaturabnahme Latenzen länger und Hemmungen stärker. Unter 30° C konnte der Reaktionstyp des Neurons oft nicht mehr erkannt werden. Das vermehrte Auftreten multimodaler Verteilungen bei niedrigen Temperaturen ließe sich durch Verminderung von Interaktionen in der Retina erklären. Die Anregung zu dieser Untersuchung wurde von Herrn Professor Dr. Hans Bornschein gegeben.
    Notes: Summary The activity of 128 single fibers of the optic nerve was recorded in 13 cats at temperatures between 27 and 39° C. Nonsequential interval histograms were computed on line. Decreasing temperature diminished the mean frequency of the fiber activity from 56/sec at 37–39° C to 21/sec below 29° C. Above 35° C the histograms were unimodal or bimodal, the first peak caused by repetitive discharges. Below 35° C multimodal histograms appeared; in some distributions several peaks were superimposed. At temperatures below 29° C only multimodal distributions were obtained. The phasic response of the neurons to light showed an increase of latency and of inhibition according to the decrease of temperature. Often the type of the response of the neuron could not be recognized below 30° C. During hypothermia interactions in the retina may be reduced and this may explain why multimodal distributions occur more frequently.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 12
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Kidney ; Aldosterone ; Tubular Sodium Reabsorption ; Proximal Tubule ; Sodium Chloride Loading ; Niere ; Aldosteron ; tubuläre Natriumresorption ; proximaler Tubulus ; Natriumchloridbelastung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Ratten erhielten 4 Wochen lang isotone Kochsalzlösung als Trinkflüssigkeit. Glomerulumfiltrat und Passagezeit von Lissamin-Grün im proximalen Tubulus blieben unverändert. Die spezifische Resorptionskapazität des Tubulusepithels — gemessen mit der „gespaltenen-Tropfen-Methode“ — nahm signifikant ab. Daraus ergab sich eine Verminderung der fraktionellen Natrium-und Wasserresorption im proximalen Tubulus von 51 auf 38% der gefilterten Menge. Die Na+-Ausscheidung stieg von 0,06 (Kontrollen) auf 1,25% der gefilterten Menge. Diese Veränderungen waren rückgängig zu machen durch Injektion von d-Aldosteron. Durch Bestimmung des TF/P-Inulin-Quotienten am Ende des proximalen Konvolutes wurden die Ergebnisse bestätigt. Es wird angenommen, daß die Resorptionshemmung im proximalen Tubulus bei chronischer Kochsalzbelastung durch verminderte Sekretion von Mineralocorticoiden bedingt und letzten Endes Ursache der vermehrten Na+-Ausscheidung ist. Ein Teil der proximalen Resorptionshemmung wird anscheinend in weiter distal gelegenen Nephron-Abschnitten kompensiert.
    Notes: Summary Rats were kept on isotonic saline as drinking fluid for a period of 4 weeks. Glomerular filtration rate and proximal transit time of Lissamine green remained unchanged. The intrinsic reabsorptive capacity of the proximal tubular epithelium—measured by the “shrinking-droplet-method”—decreased significantly. As a result, fractional proximal reabsorption of sodium and water decreased from 51 to 38 per cent of the filtered load. Sodium excretion rose from 0.06 (controls) to 1,25 per cent of the filtered load. These changes were reversible by injection of d-aldosterone. The results were confirmed by measuring the TF/P ratio of inulin at the end of the proximal convolution. The results indicate that in rats chronically loaded with salt, the inhibition of fractional proximal reabsorption is due to a decreased secretion of mineralocorticoids, and is the cause of the higher sodium excretion. Apparently, the decreased proximal reabsorption is partly compensated in more distal parts of the nephron.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 13
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Kidney ; Concentration ; Dialysis ; Urea ; Electrolytes ; Niere ; Konzentrierung ; Dialyse ; Harnstoff ; Elektrolyte
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Um den Einfluß des Plasmaharnstoffspiegels auf die Konzentrierfähigkeit der Niere zu untersuchen, wird der Blutkreislauf von Ratten an eine Dialysiervorrichtung angeschlossen und der Harnstoffspiegel des Blutes für 3 Std durch Dialyse gegen eine harnstoffreie Spüllösung gesenkt. Gleichzeitig wird der Harnfluß der Tiere durch eine Regelanordnung konstant gehalten. Die Regelung wird dadurch erreicht, daß dem Blutkreislauf bei zu hohem Harnfluß automatisch Flüssigkeit entzogen und bei zu niedrigem Harnfluß Flüssigkeit zugeführt wird. Es wird gefunden, daß die Harnstoffkonzentrationen im Harn linear mit dem Plasmaharnstoffspiegel abfallen bzw. ansteigen. Die Summe der Elektrolytkonzentrationen fällt dagegen mit dem Plasmaharnstoffspiegel nur wenig ab. Falls ein völliger Harnstoffentzug möglich wäre, würde auch dann noch eine Konzentrierung der Elektrolyte auf mehr als doppelt isoton möglich sein. Die Ergebnisse der Untersuchung lassen sich am einfachsten mit der Annahme interpretieren, daß in der Niere der Ratte zwei unterschiedlich arbeitende Konzentrierungsmechanismen wirksam sind, von denen der eine im wesentlichen Elektrolyte, der andere im wesentlichen Harnstoff konzentriert. Der Konzentrierungsmechanismus für Elektrolyte könnte im äußeren Mark, der für Harnstoff im inneren Mark lokalisiert sein.
    Notes: Summary To investigate the influence of plasma urea levels on the concentrating power of the kidney, the blood circulation of rats was connected to a dialyser; with dialysis against a urea-free cleaning solution, the urea level of the blood was lowered for three hours. During this, the urine flow of the animals was kept constant by a regulating arrangement. This control was achieved by removing fluid from the blood circulation in the case of too high urine flow and by putting in fluid in the case of too low urine flow. It was found that the concentration of urea in the urine had a direct linear relationship with the plasma urea level. The total electrolyte concentration fell only slightly compared to the plasma urea level falls. If the urea could have been completely removed, high concentrating of the electrolyte, to more than double isotonic, would still have been possible. The simplest way to interpret the results of this research is by the hypothesis that two different concentrating mechanisms are at work in the rat kidney, the one essentially concentrating electrolytes, and the other principally urea. The concentrating mechanism for electrolytes could be localised in the outer medulla, and for urea in the inner medulla.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 14
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Kidney ; Concentration ; Infusion ; Urea ; Electrolytes ; Niere ; Konzentrierung ; Infusion ; Harnstoff ; Elektrolyte
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Um die gegenseitige Beeinflussung von Harnstoff und NaCl bei der Bildung eines konzentrierten Harns zu untersuchen, werden Ratten 2 Tage lang NaCl-Lösungen mit wechselndem Harnstoffgehalt infundiert. Sodann werden der Harn sowie das Gewebe der Nierenrinde, des äußeren Marks und des inneren Marks auf ihren Gehalt an Kalium, Natrium und Harnstoff analysiert. Es wird gefunden, daß die Konzentrierfähigkeit der Rattenniere unter diesen Versuchsbedingungen für NaCl bei gleichzeitiger Zufuhr von Harnstoff geringer wird. In der Niere steigen NaCl und Harnstoffkonzentrationen unter allen Infusionsbedingungen von der Nierenrinde zur Nierenpapille hin an. Bei Infusion reiner NaCl-Lösungen entsprechen die NaCl- und Harnstoffkonzentrationen im Harn denen in der Papille. Bei Infusion von harnstoffhaltigen NaCl-Lösungen sind im Harn die NaCl-Konzentrationen höher und die Harnstoffkonzentrationen niedriger als im Papillengewebe. Diese Ergebnisse schließen aus, daß die hohen Harnstoffkonzentrationen im Nierenmarkgewebe durch einfache Diffusion des Harnstoffes aus den Sammelrohren in das Nierenmarkgewebe zustande kommen. Es wird die Möglichkeit diskutiert, daß die Harnstoffkonzentrierung unter den hier wiedergegebenen Versuchsbedingungen durch Gegenstromdiffusion in dem Vasa recta-System verursacht wird. Der Konzentriereffekt hierfür könnte durch einen Wasserfluß aufgrund osmotischer Kräfte von dem Blutgefäßsystem in die Henleschen Schleifen zustande kommen, wenn der Harn in den Henleschen Schleifen durch Aufnahme von NaCl, das aus den Sammelrohren stammt, hyperton wird.
    Notes: Summary To investigate the mutual interdependence of urea and sodium in producing concentrated urine, solutions of different concentrations of sodium and urea were infused into the stomach of rats. After two days' infusion, the urine and tissues from the different zones of the kidneys were analysed for sodium, potassium and urea content. It was found that the efficiency of the rat kidney in producing urine with high sodium content was diminished if urea was infused together with the sodium chloride. Under all conditions sodium and urea concentrations increased from the cortex to the papilla of the kidneys. When pure sodium chloride solutions were infused, sodium and urea concentrations in the urine were nearly equal to the corresponding concentrations in the papilla. Infusion of solutions containing NaCl and urea caused production of urine with a higher sodium concentration and lower urea concentration than in the papilla. These results show that the high concentration of urea in the medulla of the kidney does not arise by passives diffusion of urea from the collecting ducts into the medullary tissue. The possibility that the concentration of urea in the inner medulla is produced by counter current diffusion of urea in the vasa recta is discussed. The concentration effect necessary for this counter current multiplication could be created by an osmotic flow of water from the vasa recta into loops of Henle, if the urine in the loops becomes hypertonic by taking up sodium chloride from the collecting ducts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 15
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Tubules ; Kidney ; Intraluminal Oil Injection ; Ultrastructure of Kidney ; Proximales Tubuluskonvolut ; Rattenniere ; intraluminale Ölinjektion ; Ultrastruktur der Niere
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Light- and electronmicroscopic evaluation of proximal convolutions of the rat kidney were made following injection with either mineral oil or castor oil. The following observations were made: 1. Injection of mineral oil does not result in a complete blockade of the tubular lumen and leads to morphological lesions of epithelial cells. 2. Injection of the more viscous castor oil, in contrast, leads to a dilatation of the tubular lumen and a compression of the brush border of proximal tubular cells. Thus a better blockade of longitudinal flow is achieved. A toxic effect of castor oil on the tubular epithelium could not be detected. Mechanical lesions, similar to those observed after mineral oil injection, were less frequent. They consisted in a penetration of oil into the cells, perhaps as consequence of the tubular dilatation. 3. In oil-injected proximal tubular segments the following cytologic phenomena were observed: a) a cessation of the normal pinocytosis, which is induced in the presence of tubular fluid, b) simultaneously the “large resorption vacuoles” disappear, indicating that they originate from confluence of pinocytotic vesicles, c) in dilated tubules protein resorption vacuoles are found to have ruptured towards the tubular lumen suggesting a high hydrostatic pressure within the vacuoles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 16
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Kidney ; Experimental Hypertension ; Tubular Sodium Reabsorption ; Tubular Water Reabsorption ; Henle's Loop ; Niere ; experimenteller Hochdruck ; tubuläre Natriumresorption ; tubuläre Wasserresorption ; Henlesche Schleife
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 4 Wochen nach Klammerung einer Nierenarterie war der Perfusionsdruck der geklammerten Niere normal, während der arterielle Mitteldruck auf 188 mm Hg angestiegen war. Die Ausscheidung von Natrium und Wasser im Harn der geklammerten Niere war normal, im Harn der ungeklammerten Niere erheblich höher als normal. Glomerulumfiltrat (pro g Niere), intratubulärer Druck, Tubulusweite, Passagezeit von Lissamingrün und die fraktionelle Resorption von Natrium und Wasser waren im proximalen Tubulus sowohl in der geklammerten wie in der ungeklammerten Niere normal. In der ungeklammerten Niere war die Passagezeit durch die Henlesche Schleife stark verkürzt und die Resorption von Natrium und Wasser in der Schleife erheblich vermindert. Diese Veränderungen — obwohl zum Teil kompensiert durch vermehrte Resorption im distalen Tubulus und im Sammelrohr — sind verantwortlich für die höhere Wasser- und Natriumausscheidung der ungeklammerten Niere. Die Ursache ist wahrscheinlich eine stärkere Durchblutung des Nierenmarkes. Im Nephron der geklammerten Niere war die fraktionelle Natrium- und Wasserresorption nicht signifikant von normalen Werten verschieden mit der Ausnahme einer niedrigeren Natriumresorption im distalen Tubulus und einer höheren Natriumresorption im Sammelrohr. Der Natrium-Transport im distalen Tubulus ist anscheinend gestört; TF/P−Na+ betrug im Mittel 0,6 bis zum Ende des distalen Tubulus. Die Ergebnisse können die unterschiedliche Harnausscheidung erklären, die beim Hypertoniker mit einseitiger Nierenarterienstenose beobachtet wird (Howard-Test).
    Notes: Summary Four weeks after clamping one renal artery, the perfusion pressure of the clamped kidney was normal whereas the mean arterial pressure had increased to 188 mm Hg. Urinary excretion of sodium and water of the clamped kidney had not changed while that of the untouched kidney increased considerably. Glomerular filtration rate (per g kidney), intratubular pressure, tubular diameter, transit time of Lissamine green and fractional sodium and water reabsorption of the proximal tubule were normal in both the clamped and the untouched kidney. In the untouched kidney, the transit time through Henle's loop was shortened and the sodium and water reabsorption in it was significantly reduced. These changes, although partly compensated by higher reabsorption in the distal tubule and collecting duct, are responsible for the increased sodium and water excretion of the untouched kidney. They are probably due to an increased medullary blood flow. In the clamped kidney, fractional sodium and water reabsorption of the whole nephron did not differ significantly from normal values. However, sodium reabsorption was lower in the distal tubule and higher in the collecting duct. Sodium transport in the distal tubule seemed to be impaired; throughout its length sodium TF/P ratio averaged 0.6. These results may explain the different urinary excretion found in human hypertension following unilateral renal artery stenosis (Howard-Test).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 17
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Cat ; Electrophysiology ; Single Units ; Bulbar Trigeminal Nuclei ; Katze ; Elektrophysiologie ; Einzelneurone ; Bulbäre Trigeminuskerne
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. Funktionelle Eigenschaften der excitatorischen Verbindungen von Cortex, Thalamus und Peripherie zu 438 Neuronen der bulbären Trigeminuskerne wurden untersucht. Es konnten Beziehungen zwischen den Latenzzeiten der Antworten auf ipsilaterale, periphere Einzelreize, contralaterale thalamische Einzel- und Serienreize (N. ventralis posteromedialis) und contralaterale corticale Einzel- und Serienreize (somatosensorisches Projektionsgebiet S I, S II) nachgewiesen werden. 2. Für die Gesamtheit der Neurone wurde mit zunehmender Latenzzeit der Entladung auf periphere Reize eine Zunahme der prozentualen Ansprechbarkeit und der Latenzzeit der Antwort auf zentrale Reize beobachtet. 3. Die Neurone, deren periphere, thalamische und corticale Antworten Reizfrequenzen von 50 Hz und mehr folgten, hatten im Mittel kürzere periphere Latenzzeiten als Neurone, die Reizfrequenzen von 50 Hz nicht folgten. 4. Bulbäre Neurone, die mit thalamischen Reizen antidrom erregt wurden (lemniscale Neurone), unterschieden sich im Mittel von den übrigen Neuronen durch kürzere Latenzzeiten für periphere und zentrale Reize. 5. Es wurden lemniscale Neurone beobachtet, die mit corticalen Reizen monosynaptisch erregt werden konnten. 6. Neurone mit kleinen peripheren rezeptiven Feldern hatten im Mittel kürzere Latenzzeiten auf periphere Reize als Neurone mit großen rezeptiven Feldern. 7. Die periphere Reizantwort von Neuronen konnte durch vorausgehende thalamische und corticale Reize gehemmt werden. Im Mittel wurde die Hemmung bei Neuronen mit Latenzzeiten auf periphere Reize häufiger beobachtet. 8. Mögliche Bahnen, die an der Übertragung thalamo-bulbärer Effekte beteiligt sind, wurden diskutiert und schematisch dargestellt. Die Ergebnisse wurden mit statistischen Methoden geprüft.
    Notes: Summary 1. Functional properties of excitatory connections from cortex, thalamus and periphery to a total of 438 trigeminal bulbar neurons of the cat have been investigated extracellularly. For the sample considered, correlations between latency of response to ipsilateral electrical single stimuli, contralateral electrical thalamic single and serial stimuli (N. ventralis posteromedialis) and also contralateral electrical cortical single and serial stimuli (somatosensory areas S I, S II) were established. 2. With increasing peripheral latency of response, the percentage of neurons responding to central stimulation increased as well. 3. Neurons following thalamic, cortical or peripheral stimulation frequencies of 50 cps or more showed in the average shorter latencies of response compared with neurons that could not be driven with 50 cps stimulation. 4. Bulbar neurons antidromically invaded by stimulation of the thalamus showed shorter latencies to peripheral, thalamic and cortical stimuli compared with other neurons. 5. Lemniscal neurons that could be activated monosynaptically by cortical stimulation have been observed. 6. Neurons with a small peripheral receptive field had in the average a shorter latency to peripheral stimuli than neurons with a large receptive field. 7. Responses to peripheral stimuli could be inhibited by preceding thalamic and cortical stimuli. 8. Possible pathways that are involved in transmission of thalamo-bulbar effects have been discussed and schematically represented. 9. All results have been examined by means of statistical methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 18
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Kidney ; Fluxes ; Osmotic Gradients ; Niere ; Flüssigkeits-Substanzbewegungen ; osmotische Gradienten
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Durch artifizielle osmotische Druckdifferenzen von 150 mOsmol/l zwischen Lumen- und Blutseite der Tubulusepithelien von Rana ridibunda wird Flüssigkeit im Richtungssinne der Reabsorption oder — in geringerem Maße — der Sekretion längs des osmotischen Gradienten bewegt. Na+ wird in jedem Fall „trocken” reabsorbiert. Bei mit Furosemid blockiertem aktiven Na+-Transport läuft isoton Flüssigkeit längs des osmotischen Gradienten aus dem Tubuluslumen in das blutseitige Medium. Bei umgekehrt gerichtetem Gradienten wird das Filtrat so verändert, als ob es durch Einstrom reinen Wassers verdünnt würde. Die Tubulusepithelien verhalten sich so, als besäßen sie — im Zustand des blockierten aktiven Na+-Transportes — ein „Rückschlagventil” für Na+. Wenn der osmotische Gradient so gerichtet ist, daß Wasser oder Flüssigkeit aus dem Lumen in das blutseitige Medium läuft, dann kommt es bei umgekehrt gerichtetem Na+-Konzentrationsgradienten nicht zum Einstrom von Na+ in das Tubuluslumen. Die Na+-Harnkonzentration sinkt beträchtlich unter die des Perfusates, was als Ausdruck einer Na+-Reabsorption gegen den Konzentrationsgradienten gedeutet wird. Bei Blockierung des Na+-Transportes durch Furosemid kommt es wiederum zum Einstrom reinen Wassers in die Tubuluslumina. Die Versuche mit durch Furosemid blockiertem Na+-Transportmechanismus sind beweisend, daß die Tubuli für Na+ im Richtungssinne der Sekretion impermeabel sind. Die „Verdünnung” des Tubulusinhaltes durch einen osmotischen Gradienten, der Wasser in die Tubuli hineinlaufen läßt, kommt also nicht durch ein Überwiegen der Reabsorption über die „Sekretion” zustande. Wird statt des leicht penetrierenden Na-Chlorids das schwer penetrierende Natriumcyclohexansulfamat angeboten, dann wird absolut gegenüber den Versuchen mit Na-Chlorid weniger Na+ transportiert. Im übrigen zeigen die Nieren jedoch das gleiche Verhalten wie bei Angebot von Na-Chlorid.
    Notes: Summary Osmotic gradients of 150 mosmol/l between intratubular fluid and blood in the kidney of Rana ridibunda induce a fluid movement down the osmotic gradient which is stronger into the tubule than out of it. In either case Na+ is reabsorbed “dry”. If the active Na+-transport is blocked by Furosemid an osmotically downhill movement of isotonic fluid out of the tubule obtains. Reversal of the osmotic gradient induces a reversal of flow but the inward moving fluid is diluted. The tubular cells seem to inhibit the backwash of Na+. If the osmotic gradient induces an outflow of fluid out of the tubule no influx of Na+ occurs even in the presence of a concentration gradient for Na+ in the opposite direction. The Na+-concentration in the urine falls considerably below that of the perfusion fluid. This finding indicates Na+-reabsorption against a concentration gradient. Upon blocking of the Na+-transport by Furosemid water enters the tubules. The results of the experiments in which the Na+-transport was blocked by Furosemid prove that the tubules are impermeable for Na+ in the direction of secretion. The “dilution” of the tubular fluid as a result of an osmotic gradient which induces an influx of water isnot due to a reabsorption outbalancing “secretion”. If instead of the easily penetrating NaCl the slowly penetrating Na+-cyclohexanesulphamate is used, less Na+ is transported. However, in every other respect the results obtained are similar to those described above.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 19
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Hippocampus ; Corpus geniculatum laterale ; Katze ; Mikroelektrophorese ; Acetylcholin ; Hippocampus ; Lateral Geniculate Body ; Cat ; Microelectrophoresis ; Acetylcholine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary 1. Hippocampal and lateral geniculate neurones in anaesthetized cats (Chloralose-Urethane) were examined with multibarrelled microelectrodes, testing their responsiveness to microelectrophoretic application of acetylcholine and photic stimulation. 2. In the ventral hippocampus and in the lateral geniculate body 60% of all neurones responded to acetylcholine. 3. Hippocampal neurones were activated with relatively short delay, often less than 1 sec. By contrast, lateral geniculate neurones responded with a latency period of 2–12 sec. The recovery time after acetylcholine-microelectrophoresis was found to be 10–20 sec in both regions. 4. The response of hippocampal and lateral geniculate neurones to photic stimulation was enhanced by local application of acetylcholine; even during phenobarbital depression the photic responses were restored by acetylcholinemicroelectrophoresis.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 1. Neurone im Gebiet des Hippocampus und des Corpus geniculatum laterale der mit Chloralose-Urethan narkotisierten Katze wurden mit mehrkanüligen Mikroelektroden auf ihre Ansprechbarkeit auf mikroelektrophoretisch appliziertes Acetylcholin und auf optische Reizung untersucht. 2. Im ventralen Hippocampus und im Corpus geniculatum laterale wurden 60% aller untersuchten Neurone durch Acetylcholin aktiviert. 3. Die Neurone des Hippocampus wurden nach relative kurzer Latenz, oft weniger als 1 sec, aktiviert. Neurone des Corpus geniculatum laterale dagegen zeigten eine Latenz von 2–12 sec. Die Zeit nach der Mikroelektrophorese bis zur Wiedererreichung der normalen Aktivität betrug 10–20 sec für beide Gebiete. 4. Die Acetylcholin-Mikroelektrophorese verstärkte die Reizantwort der Neurone des Hippocampus und des Corpus geniculatum laterale auf visuelle Reizung. Die nach Phenobarbital abgeschwächte Antwort auf visuelle Reizung wurde durch Acetylcholin-Mikroelektrophorese wieder verstärkt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 304 (1968), S. 336-350 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Kidney ; Experimental Hypertension ; Distal Tubular Sodium Reabsorption ; Distal Osmolality ; Tubular Potassium Secretion ; Niere ; experimenteller Hochdruck ; distale Natrium resorption ; distale Osmolalität ; tubuläre Kaliumsekretion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Vier Wochen nach Klammerung einer Nierenarterie wurde die Funktion des distalen Tubulus untersucht. In der ungeklammerten, unter dem hohen Blutdruck stehenden Niere blieb die Tubulusflüssigkeit bis 90% distaler Tubuluslänge hypoton. Dies wird auf eine erhöhten Flüssigkeitseinstrom aus der Henleschen Schleife zurückgeführt; eine verminderte Wasserpermeabilität des distalen Tubulus konnte nicht nachgewiesen werden. In der geklammerten Niere war mit Ausnahme des frühdistalen Abschnittes die Natriumkonzentration on jeder Stelle des distalen Konvolutes signifikant höher als in der ungeklammerten Niere und in Kontrollnieren. Auch fehlte im distalen Tubulus der geklammerten Niere eine Nettokaliumsekretion. die distale Gleichgewichtskonzentration für Natrium war auf der geklammerten Seite erhöht, auf der ungeklammerten Seite normal. Der isotone Natriumausstrom (Methode des gespaltenen Tropfens) war in der geklammerten Niere vermindert, in der ungeklammerten Niere erhöht. Die frühdistale Harnstoffkonzentration war in der ungeklammerten Niere gegenüber der geklammerten Niere und Nieren von Kontrollratten erniedrigt. Spätdistal war TF/P-Harnstoff in beiden Nieren gleich. Beide Nieren hatten ein normales Glomerulumfiltrat und normale tubuläre Passagezeiten mit Ausnahme einer verkürzten Schleifenzeit in der ungeklammerten Niere. Die Befunde werden dahingehend interpretiert, daß der aktive Natriumtransport im distalen Tubulus der beiden Nieren voneinander verschieden ist, möglicherweise infolge des unterschiedlichen Reningehaltes der beiden Nieren.
    Notes: Summary Four weeks after constricting one renal artery distal tubular function was studied using the micropuncture technique. In the untouched kidney tubular fluid remained hypotonic up to 90% distal tubular length. We believe this to be the result of the high inflow of tubular fluid from Henle's loop. A reduced permeability for water could not be demonstrated. Except for the early part of the distal tubule there was a marked increase in sodium concentration in the clamped kidney as compared to values obtained in the untouched one and in kindneys of control animals. In addition no potassium secretion could be observed in the clamped kidney. The distal steadystate concentration for sodium was increased in the clamped kidney and normal in the untouched one. Reabsorptive half-time, measured by the split droplet technique, was prolonged in the clamped kidney and shortened in the untouched one. Early distal urea concentration was lower in the untouched kidney than in the clamped one and in control kidneys, while at the end of the distal tubule urea concentrations did not differ significantly. Both kidneys had normal glomerular filtration rates and proximal tubular transit times, whereas a shortened transit time through Henle's loop of the untouched kidney was found. The results indicate that active sodium transport in the distal tubule of the clamped kidney differs from that of the untouched one, possibly due to the different renin concentration in both kidneys.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 305 (1968), S. 96-104 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Blood Circulation Time ; Kidney ; Plasma ; Radioautography ; Radioisotope Dilution Technique ; Regional Blood Flow ; Mittlere Kreislaufzeit ; Niere ; Plasma ; Autoradiographie ; Isotopenverdünnungstechnik ; Regionale Nierendurchblutung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary At different times after injection into the renal artery of131I-albumin, the distribution of the tracer in kidneys of the rabbit and the dog was illustrated by a series of autoradiograms. In order to determine the mean circulation time for albumin in the kidney, the radioactivity over the kidney was simultaneously registered by external monitoring. A short mean circulation time was measured for albumin (plasma) passing cortex, and a longer one for that fraction of the albumin that passed through medulla, papillae, and capsule. The investigation rendered probable that the mean circulation time for blood through the kidney determined by the external technique applies to blood passing cortex. The circulation times for blood through medulla, papillae, and capsule are not included in the calculation of the mean circulation time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 23 (1968), S. 245-249 
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Bone ; Strontium poisoning ; Parathormone ; Kidney ; Knochen ; Strontiumvergiftung ; Parathormon ; Niere
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Restitution des strontiumgeschädigten Skelets wachsender Sprague Dawley Ratten ist von einem Anstieg der dialysablen Strontium- und Calciumfraktion des Serums begleitet. Die Ergebnisse legen eine Beeinflussung der renalen Manipulation von Kationen bei Knochenschädigungen durch Fremdmetalle nahe.
    Notes: Summary Restitution of skeletal damage caused by strontium in growing Sprague Dawley rats is accompanied by an increase in the dialysable serum fractions of strontium and calcium. The results suggest that the renal manipulation of cations is influenced in bone lesions caused by foreign metals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 211 (1968), S. 43-62 
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Neuronal activity ; EEG-cortex ; Hypoglycemia ; Cat ; Neuronale Aktivität ; EEG-Cortex ; Hypoglykämie ; Katze
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. An Katzen wurden EEG-Veränderungen durch Hypoglykämie hervorgerufen und mit den Aktivitätsveränderungen corticaler Neurone verglichen, wie sie sich bei intracellulären und „quasi-intracellulären“ Ableitungen darstellen. Es zeigte sich, daß pathologische EEG-Veränderungen erst bei niedrigen Blutzuckerwerten (zwischen 30 und 25 mg-%) auftreten und daß es erst bei Werten unter 10–15 mg-% zur elektrischen Stille kommt. 2. Während des flachen, desynchronisierten EEG des wachen Hirns vor Hypoglykämie lassen sich keine Beziehungen zwischen den kleinen EEG- und statistisch verteilten Zellpotentialen nachweisen. — Während der regelmäßigen 8–10/sec- Spindelgruppen, die bei tiefer Hypoglykämie häufig zu beobachten sind, findet sich eine enge Korrelation zwischen den einzelnen Oberflächen-negativen Spindelwellen und Zelldepolarisationen, die meist unterschwellig sind. 3. Bei den langsamen Wellen der δ-Frequenz finden sich ähnliche, aber weniger enge Korrelationen für die flachen, „monomorphen“ δ-Wellen. Andere Formen von langsamen Potentialkomplexen des Cortiocogramms, die im Tintenschreiber als „polymorphe“ δ-Wellen imponieren können, zeigen etwas andere, aber für den einzelnen Wellenkomplex jeweils konstante Beziehungen zur Zellaktivität. 4. Die steilen Wellen wurden unterteilt in primär positive und in primär negative bi- (oder auch tri-)phasische Potentiale. Die primäre Phase der primär-positiven steilen Potentiale ist im Durchschnitt kürzer (unter 20–40 msec) als die negative Phase der primär-negativen Phase (über 100 msec). Die meist überschwellige Zelldepolarisation, die in der Regel zu einer kurzen Gruppenentladung führt, fällt mit der primären Phase, also entweder der positiven oder der negativen zusammen. Die Phasenkoppelung, d. h. die „Synchronisation“ mit dem EEG-Potential, ist jedoch im Fall der primär-positiven Phase enger und die Dauer der Depolarisation kürzer als im Fall der primär-negativen steilen Potentiale. Diese Befunde werden als Hinweis auf eine stärkere Synchronisation der Aktivität der corticalen Nervenzellpopulation im Fall der primär-positiven steilen Potentiale gewertet. 5. Die verschieden engen Phasenkoppelungen und die je nach Steilheit der Wellen wechselnden Phasenbeziehungen zwischen Zellaktivierung und oberflächennegativen resp. -positiven Potentialen werden an Hand eines einfachen Modells der Elektrogenese von EEG-Potentialen erklärt, das den Synchronisationsgrad cortico-petaler und cortico-fugaler Faseraktivität sowie die Summation postsynaptischer Potentiale corticaler Neurone berücksichtigt.
    Notes: Summary 1. The EEG, recorded monopolarly from the pial surface, was investigated during insuline induced hypoglycemia in acute cats and compared with the activity of cortical cells recorded with intra or “quasi-intracellular” electrodes. 2. Pathological changes of the EEG were observed only when the blood glucose fell below 25–30 mg-%. Electrical silence was observed at blood glucose levels below 15–10 mg-%. 3. The essentially flat, “desynchronized” EEG of the awake animal before hypoglycemia did not show any relation between the small, irregular fast EEG- potentials and the statistically distributed cellular potentials. —During the regular 8–10/sec spindles (Fig. 3) a close correlation was found between the single surface- negative spindle waves and the mostly subthreshold compound cellular EPSP's. 4. Slow waves of δ-frequency showed similar but less close correlations, if the waves were of regular appearance comparable to “monomorphic” δ-waves (Fig.4A). Other forms of slow complex potentials (Fig.4B and C), which correspond to “polymorphic” δ-waves in an EEG-record (e.g. Fig.4C and Fig.2d) may show different relations between cellular and EEG-activity which were, however, consistent for each type of complex wave. 5. Sharp waves were divided into primary positive and primary negative bi- (or tri-)phasic potentials. The primary positive phase was always shorter (below 20–40 msec) than the primary negative phase (above 100 msec). The mostly suprathreshold cellular depolarization, which may lead to a short burst of discharge, coincided with the primary, i.e. either the primary positive or the primary negative phase (Fig. 7 shows records from the same cell and different EEG-phenomena). The phase coupling, i.e. the “synchronization” with the EEG-potential, is closer in the primary positive than the primary negative waves, and the duration of the cellular depolarization is also shorter in the former case (compare Fig.7B I–III with 7B IV). This can be interpreted as stronger synchronization of cellular activity during the short primary positive waves. 6. A causal relation between cortical neuronal activity and EEG-potentials is assumed. Differences in the closeness of phase coupling and the changing phase relation between cellular and EEG-activity according to the form and steepness of cortical EEG-potentials are explained by a simple model of electrogenesis of EEG-potentials, which takes in account the degree of synchronization of corticopetal and cortico-fugal fibre activity as well as the summation of postsynaptic potentials of cortical neurones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 211 (1968), S. 155-169 
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Sleep EEG ; Experimental Epilepsy ; Cat ; Schlaf-EEG ; Experimentelle Epilepsie ; Katze
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Frage der Wacho- der Schlaf-Aktivierung der fokalen Epilepsien wird bei 20 epileptischen Katzen im chronischen Experiment untersucht (Kopeloff-Methode). Die Narben wurden im Nucleus amygdaloideus (Pars basolateralis), Hippocampus dorsalis, Formatio reticularis mesencephali, Isocortex gesetzt. Bei einer Untersuchungsdauer der einzelnen Tiere zwischen 3 und 60 Tagen, wurden insgesamt 442 Std in Polygraphie (EEG, EMG, Augenbewegungen) abgeleitet. Die Tiere zeigten innerhalb der ersten 7 Tage Krampfpotentiale im EEG und die meisten ab der 2. Woche Krampfanfälle. Bei Katzen mit subcorticalen Narben war keine Veränderung der Dauer, der Verteilung und der Organisation der einzelnen Schlafstadien nachweisbar. Die im Ruhe-EEG vorhandenen Paroxysmen wurden während des langsamen Schlafes nicht aktiviert und fokalisiert. Im paradoxen Schlaf waren die Krampfpotentiale völlig desaktiviert, es traten einzelne Spindeln auf. Die Tiere mit Narben im Isocortex zeigten im langsamen Schlaf seltene Paroxysmen. Während der häufigeren kurzen Phasen des paradoxen Schlafes war eine Fokalisierung der Spitzen im Bereich der Läsion nachweisbar, jedoch, keine Aktivierung. Bei allen Tieren war die ausgeprägteste Aktivierung der Krampfbereitschft stets in dem von uns als „Wach mit motorischer Inaktivität“ bezeichnete Phase zu bemerken. Daher wird angenommen, daß dieser Zustand bei der Katze mit dem Einschlafstadium des Menschen vergleichbar ist.
    Notes: Summary The activation of focal epileptic activities during wakefulness, slow and REM sleep was studied in chronic experiments in 20 epileptic cats (Kopeloff's method). The lesions were produced in the nucleus amygdaloideus (pars basolateralis), hippocampus dorsalis, formatio reticularis mesencephali and in the isocortex. Each animal was observed from between 3 to 60 days and a total of 442 hours of polygraphy (E.E.G., E.M.G, Eye movements) were recorded. Within the first 7 days all animals showed E.E.G paroxysms and most of them showed seizures from the beginning of the second week. In those cats with subcortical lesions there was no change detected in the duration, distribution and organisation of the different sleep phases. The paroxysmal E.E.G activity seen in the wakeful animal were not activated or focalised during slow-wave sleep; in REM sleep the paroxysms disappeared completely, only a few spindles were seen. Animals with lesions in the isocortex rarely showed paroxysms during the slow wave sleep. However, during REM sleep a clear focalisation was seen, although there was no additional activation in the area of the lesion. In all animals the most significant of the paroxysms was seen during a state which we should like to describe as; “Awake without any motor activity”. It is assumed that this state corresponds to the state of falling asleep in man.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Clinical and experimental medicine 145 (1968), S. 270-277 
    ISSN: 1591-9528
    Keywords: Aldosterone ; Kidney ; Stop flow dog ; Aldosteron ; Niere ; Stop flow-Hund
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Mit Stop flow-Versuchen an Hunden konnten wir nach Infusion von 1,2-3H-18-Aldosteronglucuronid im Gegensatz zur Infusion von freiem 1,2-3H-Aldosteron keine proximale Sekretion von 1,2-3H-18-Aldosteronglucuronid nachweisen. Daraus kann geschlossen werden, daß in Hundenieren die proximalen Tubuluszellen wohl 18-Aldosteronglucuronid aus Aldosteron bilden und an das Tubuluslumen abgeben, während im Nierenarterienblut vorhandenes 18-Aldosteronglucuronid nur glomerulär filtriert und ausgeschieden wird.
    Notes: Summary In stop flow experiments during infusion of 1,2-3H-18-aldosterone glucuronide there was no proximal tubular secretion of this metabolite in contrary to experiments during infusion of 1,2-3H-aldosterone. The discrepancy must be explained by formation of 1,2-3H-aldosterone glucuronide out of3H-aldosterone in proximal tubular cells, while the 1,2-3H-18-aldosterone glucuronide in the plasma of the renal artery blood is only filtered in the glomerulum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Clinical and experimental medicine 146 (1968), S. 336-345 
    ISSN: 1591-9528
    Keywords: Aldosterone ; Kidney ; Man ; Aldosteron ; Niere ; Mensch
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Auf Grund eines Vergleiches der Verhältnisse von 1,2-3HTetrahydroaldosteronglucuronid zu 1,2-3H-18-Aldosteronglucuronid im Plasma von drei Normalpersonen und zwei nephrektomierten Patienten nach einer Injektion von 1,2-3H-Aldosteron haben wir folgende Schlüsse in Betracht gezogen: 1. Das im Blutplasma vorhandene 1,2-3H-18-Aldosteronglucuronid wird nur glomerular filtriert. 2. Die renale Clearance von 18-Aldosteronglucuronid, die etwa das Fünffache der Inulinclearance beträgt [13, 15], mu\ zu vier Fünfteln auf Bildung von 18-Aldosteronglucuronid durch die proximalen [15] Tubuluszellen zurückgeführt werden. 3. Das Ausma\ der renalen Bildung von 18-Aldosteronglucuronid liegt in einer Grö\enordnung von 80% der Gesamtmenge 18-Aldosteronglucuronid im 24 StdUrin.
    Notes: Summary After an intravenous injection of 1,2-3H-aldosterone the ratios of 1,23H-tetrahydroaldosterone glucuronide to 1,2-3H-aldosterone glucuronide in the blood plasma of three normal and two nephrectomized persons were compared. In the three normal persons the ratios were of the same magnitude as in the two nephrectomized persons. On the basis of glomerular filtration of tetrahydroaldosterone glucuronide, as previously demonstrated by renal clearance studies in man [13, 15] and stop flow experiments in dogs [6], we made the following deductions: 1. 18aldosterone glucuronide in blood plasma is only filtered in the glomerulum. 2. The renal clearance of 18-aldosterone glucuronide, as investigated during aldosterone infusion in man [13, 15], therefore must be explained by glomerular filtration of only one fifth and by formation of four fifth of 18-aldosterone glucuronide by proximal [15] tubular cells. 3. This means that about 80% of 18-aldosterone glucuronide excreted in urine is formed by the kidneys.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 124 (1968), S. 37-77 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The cells surrounding a wound in the integument of Rhodnius adults show an increase in RNA content, cytochrome oxidase and esterase activity. An excision in the integument is filled by blood which coagulates and is tanned into an insoluble membrane. The basement membrane of the adjoining epidermis acts as a self-sealing membrane and contracts to cover the excision. The epidermis is attached to the cuticle by the subcuticular layer which it resorbs and by pore canal filaments which are left behind as it migrates. The epidermis migrates as a sheet in contact with the cuticle then with the coagulated blood and basement membrane which cover the excision. Blood cells migrate individually into an excision and do not adhere to a surface in the process. Microtubules cannot be identified with movement. Both epidermal and blood cells remove the cells killed by wounding as evidenced by the appearance of coated vesicles and phagocytic bodies in both cell types. The reconstituted integument consists of a surface membrane in which the layers of the epicuticle are not distinguishable, a nonlamellate cuticle secreted by an epidermis which also appears to secrete the new basement membrane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 124 (1968), S. 295-311 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The development of intraneural vessels was studied in response to an induced hypermorphosis of neural tissue inthe midbrains of 38 chick embryos ranging in age from three days through 14 days of incubation. The pattern of vascularization was compared with that of normal chick embryos at comparable stages of development. In the experimental embryos, the increase in mitotic figures along the ventricular borders of the mesencephalon is accompanied by the establishment of an endoneural plexus approximately one day earlier than is the case during normal vascularization of the midbrain. This plexus also penetrates more deeply and extensively into the ependymal layer. Surface vessels and intraneural vascular elements are dilated, and the cerebrospinal fluid contains varying amounts of blood released from large intraneural vessels which protrude into the ventricle. The most prominent cerebrovascular effects seem to occur between the fourth and eighth days of incubation. Thereafter, the cerebrovascular pattern becomes more normal except for relatively few isolated hemorrhagic areas.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 124 (1968), S. 345-351 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The eye of Haideotriton wallacei is more reduced histologically than those of othe troglobitic salamanders. The tiny eye is imbedded in a mass of adipose tissue. No extrinsic eye muscles are present. A rudimentary lens is present in about half of the eyes examined. In two instances the lens is surrounded by a small chamber; most eyes lack a chamber. The retina and iris are relatively undifferentiated. The relatively massive retina lacks rods and cones, an outer plexiform layer and subdivided nuclear layers. A tiny optic nerve runs to the brain.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 30
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The aesthetascs, short thin-walled pegs on the antennule flagella of Coenobita clypeatus, a terrestrial hermit crab, are similar to those of other decapod crustacea in containing the dendrites of many bipolar neurons whose cell bodies are grouped in spindle-shaped masses beneath the bases of each hair. The dendrites contain rootlets, basal bodies, and cilia, which divide dichotomously before entering the aesthetasc, so that within the hair, each cilium becomes represented by a group of slender branches.The aesthetascs themselves are short, blunt, and partially recumbent so that each has an exposed and an unexposed side. The cuticle on the exposed side is thinner and more tenuous than that on the protected side, and the dendrite branches are concentrated just underneath. The protected side, on the other hand, is lined with nondendritic supporting cells, and the cuticle is thicker, more lamellar, and probably less permeable.All dendritic elements proximal to the dendrite branches are enclosed within the main body of the antennular flagellum, and the initial segments of the cilia lie within a vacuole. In these respects, the aesthetascs of Coenobita resemble the thin-walled pegs on insect antennae more than they do those of the marine decapods thus far examined. This convergence in the terrestrial forms may be in response to the need to conserve water.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 31
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The Brittle Star digestive system is composed of buccal, pharyngeal, esophageal and stomach cavities. The buccal and pharyngeal cavities are lined by columnar cells covered by a cuticle, and are apparently concerned with mucous production. Coelomocytes and tall columnar cells are described in the esophagus and stomach epithelia. The columnar cells are adapted for nutrient absorption, enzyme synthesis, and lipid storage. Nerves are found beneath the epithelia within a connective tissue layer. Smooth muscle and coelomic layers lie external to the connective tissue layer. The coelomic layer lines a perivisceral space and has diverse modifications of its perivisceral surface; a pedicle-cuticle modification perhaps having general significance in echinoderms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 125 (1968), S. 61-70 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Two complete composite photographs of the optic nerve of Limulus, made by electron microscopy, reveal the presence of neurosecretory granules in the large axons of the rudimentary eye neurons. The number of intermediate sized, (3-7 μ), of eccentric cells corresponds with the number of ommatidia as expected, but only their sheath of Schwann cells show an intimate interfolding. Based on the number of fine axons within the nerve each ommatidium has an average of 12-13 retinular cells. The diameter of their fibers is between 0.2 and 3 μ although the majority are between 1 and 1.5 μ. They are aggregated into bundles of six to seven fibers by the sheath cells although some bundles contain only two, others as many as 181 fibers. There is no indication in these studies that retinular cell axons within a bundle are associated with the same, adjacent, or other pattern of ommatidia. The photographs suggest that physiological activity in retinular cell axons might be detected most easily in the smallest bundles because they contain the fewest, but the larger retinular cell axons.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 33
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The lateral and ventral external surfaces of the third and fourth abdominal segments were described and muscle attachments were correlated with surface indentations of the larva. The proleg of this species has a symmetrical planta with a complete circle of crochets. Furthermore, it differs externally from the grasping type of proleg in having a largely membranous coxal region confluent with the body wall, and a relatively large subcoxal lobe.The body wall musculature and innervation of the third and fourth abdominal segments are similar in many respects to those described for other lepidopteran larvae to which they are here compared, but differ from most because of the simpler structure of the prolegs which lack highly developed adductor muscles. Like most muscles innervated by the ventral nerve, the principal plantar retractors of these two segments cease to function in the first day of the pupal stage and have completely degenerated by the forty-fifth hour of pupal life. The ventral nerve retains its four primary branches in the adult, in which many smaller rami can be traced to the cuticle and to the neoblastic body wall muscles.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 34
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The gross anatomy of muscles, the topography of nerve tissues, and the histology of the pregenital abdominal glands of Nomia melanderi Ckll. are reported in detail. The movable and fixed points of muscle attachment were utilized in establishing a system of nomenclature for a typical abdominal segment. Names of nervules correspond to those of the tissues they innervate. The points of attachment of muscles of the fifth abdominal segment are essentially the same in both Nomia and Apis, except for the second tergo-sternal muscle which, in Nomia, has shifted its point of movable attachment to the membranous integument in front of the intersegmental membrane gland where it helps in relasing glandular secretion. The general plan of the nerves in the fifth abdominal segment in Nomia is more diffuse than in Apis, but there is no difficulty in establishing homology between the nervules of the two species. A pair of intersegmental stretch organs was found in abdominal segments 3-6. Glands of the sixth intersegmental membrane possess a reservoir with peripheral pouches both of which are absent in those of the fifth. Both types of glands have neither closing nor opening mechanisms, and neither is innervated. Release of glandular secretion is accomplished by the action of the tergo-sternal muscles.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 125 (1968), S. 253-257 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: This report describes the capacity of larvae of the Leopard frog, Rana pipiens, to regenerate pineal tissue after embryonic pinealectomy, and presents experimental evidence for frontal organ dependence on the epiphysis. In addition, it was found that the “brow spot,” a pigment-free region located in the epidermis betweeen the eyes, is dependent on the frontal organ for its formation. This report also substantiates that the absence of the pineal organ in larval animals does not affect growth or development through metamorphosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 125 (1968), S. 315-328 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Interest in the structure of the antennae of the Florida Queen butterfly arises from the finding that a pheromone is active in their courtship. Light and electron microscopic techniques were used to study the sensilla on the antennae and three types of sensilla with perforated walls were identified. The most common of these are short, thin-walled pegs which are distributed over most of the antennal surface. Long, curved, thin-walled pegs occur in patches on the inner medial antennal surface. Multiple coeloconic sensilla are present having up to 50 pegs in one sensillum. On the outer 28 flagellar subsegments there are two such sensilla per subsegment. In addition there are on the antennae long, thick-walled hairs which are mechanoreceptors and probably also contact chemoreceptors. Sunken pegs, the function of which is not known, occur on the antennae. Grooved sensilla were found with the electron microscope but could not be identified with the light microscope. There was no indication of sexual dimorphism in sensilla types or numbers on the antennae.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 125 (1968), S. 403-417 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Succinic dehydrogenase, NAD and NADP diaphorases, choline oxidase, d-amino acid oxidase, α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, glutamic dehydrogenase, lactic dehydrogenase and aldolase were identified histochemically in the esophagus and proventriculus of the developing chick embryo. In general, the deep glands of the proventriculus reacted more strongly than the epithelium and mucous glands of the esophagus to the tests. The intensity of the enzymatic activity seems correlated with the number of mitochondria and metabolic activity of the cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 126 (1968) 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 39
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Two kinds of tactile hairs, plain and wavy, thick-walled chemoreceptors and two types of thin-walled chemoreceptors are present on the antennal flagellum of Gromphadorhina portentosa males. These are described and their location on the antenna noted. Females of this species have plain tactile hairs and the same types of chemoreceptors as do the males but wavy tactile hairs are absent. The antennal sense organs of a few specimens of five other species of cockroaches  -  Periplaneta americana, Blatta orientalis, Supella longipalpa, Pycnoscelus surinamensis and Diploptera punctata  -  were also examined. All lacked tactile hairs but were provided with thick-walled chemoreceptors and with two types of thin-walled chemoreceptors similar to those described for Gromphadorhina portentosa.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 40
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Pulse labeling with tritiated thymidine has permitted the identification of a progenitor cell compartment at the base of the hypostomal glandular ridges of the marine hydroid Podocoryne carnea. This progenitor compartment produces cells which move out on the ridges differentiate as digestive gland cells, and are ejected into the gastro-vascular cavity. Spherous gland cells of the body appear not to be part of this circumscribed replacement system. There appears to be no proximal movement of gastrodermal cells in the body of this marine hydroid.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 41
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Among eight species of mammals in this study (cattle, sheep, pig-tail and rhesus monkeys, rabbit, pig, rat, and dog) four basic patterns of anatomical structure at the uterotubal junction are described. The classification of types is based upon the presence or absence of an intramural portion of the oviduct and of isthmal folds or plicae projecting into the lumen of the uterine cornu.Histological variations are reported for three tissues: epithelial and connective of the mucosa and smooth muscle of the tunica muscularis. In the epithelium during the estrous cycle the differences recorded include: (a) absence of ciliated cells in the distal end of the oviduct in rat and dog; (b) variations in ciliated and nonciliated cells in (1) cell height, (2) location, shape and stainability of the nucleus, and (3) in amount and stainability of apical cytoplasm; (c) presence of lymphoblast-like cells which appear to migrate through the epithelium from the lamina propria. The connective tissue of the mucosa, as a circular layer and as cores for the mucosal folds, shows variations in thickness and in relative density of cells and fibers of the matrix. Emphasis is given to the presence of an inner longitudinal layer of smooth muscle in the tunica muscularis of the distal oviduct in six of the eight species.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 125 (1968), S. 259-279 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The structure of cells in the colleterial glands of the Cecropia silkmoth was examined. Morphologically and functionally the gland is divided into two regions, a tubular one in which columnar protein-synthesizing cells are located, and an expanded region in which flattened cells with very different structure are most prominent. The fine structure of the latter cells which are presumed to secrete a phenolic glucoside, closely resembles that of cells described in the colleterial glands of orthopterans. The protein-secreting cells have many features normally associated with pancreatic acinar, and other cells of similar function. Among these are extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum, an elaborate Golgi complex, and a modest number of mitochondria. Other features which are less usual in cells of this type are an elaborate secretory apparatus consisting of a cuticular tubule inserted into a microvilli-lined cavity at the apical end of the cell, and large numbers of cytolysomes, myelin figures, and lipid droplets. A chitogenous cell with a very distinct and specific type of ultrastructure is found associated with the secretory cell. This cell type is attached to the cuticular elements of the gland, and the main features of its cytoplasm are extensive bundles of microtubules which presumably serve as supportive elements for the secretory cells.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 43
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 125 (1968), S. 329-365 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Embryonic chick myocardium (stages 8+ to 12-) was studied by light and electron microscopy. The myocardium, which is initially comprised of radially oriented cells with large intercellular spaces gradually becomes more tightly packed. Intercellular spaces decrease and the cells assume a circumferential orientation. Myocardial cells remain epithelial throughout formation of the functional tubular heart and specialized epithelial junctions (apical junctional complex or terminal bars) undergo modification to form intercalated discs. Embryonic myocardial cells contain large amounts of free ribosomes and particulate glycogen, the latter often associated with portions of granular reticulum. Unlike developing skeletal muscle. The amount of granular reticulum contained in the myocardial cell cytoplasm is large and, along with a hypertrophied Golgi apparatus, suggests that these cells may have a secretory function. These organelles persist during the initial period of fibril formation. Myofibrils apparently form from non filamentous precursor material and not by alignment of sequentially synthesized components.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 125 (1968), S. 379-401 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The characteristic anoline climbing organ consists of a number of lamellar scales, on whose outer scale surface are numerous keratinized setae which contact the substrate. These setae are derived from the Oberhautchen of the epidermal generation, and as such are renewed and shed periodically along with the rest of the epidermal material. The histological development of the setae is described, and modifications of the surrounding elements are noted. The relative lengths of the setae and their congregation to form a pad unit poses certain mechanical problems during morphogenesis, simply in terms of accommodation between the functional outer epidermal generation and dermal core of each lamella. Regression of the dermal core and a distal migration of some cells permits accommodation within the lamella for the distal aspect of the Oberhautchen layer, or free margin. Additionally, changes in the gross shape of the lamella occur throughout the sloughing cycle, and a swelling of the cells of the lacunar tissue results in a gap between the stratum corneum of inner and outer epidermal generations. There is a considerable amount of variation in mitotic activity between the germinal layers of opposite sides of the lamella.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 45
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Function and ultrastructure of the excretory organs (antennal glands) of the shore crab Uca mordax were investigated. The crabs were maintained at three different salinities: 50%, 100% and 200% seawater. In spite of previous reports to the contrary, the investigation showed that the powerful osmoregulatory ability found in Uca mordax is not due to participation of the antennal glands. Freezing point depression of urine under all conditions was found to be slightly less than that of the hemolymph, indicating a slightly hypoosmotic urine. It was further found that the antennal gland is extremely effective in resorbing sodium from the filtrate. The higher the salinity to which the crabs were acclimated the lower the sodium concentration in the urine. No water was resorbed from the filtrate as shown by the fact that the inulin U/P ratio remained unity regardless of the salinity to which the crabs were adapted. Electronmicroscopy of the antennal glands revealed that the coelomosac cells are similar to the podocytes described in the crayfish by Kümmel ('64), and the coelomosac appears to be a typical filtration organ. The cells of the labyrinth showed brush border and very elaborate basal infoldings with numerous mitochondria. The deep cytoplasmic infoldings which represent interdigitations with neighboring cells may be correlated with the effective sodium reabsorption in the labyrinth, but apparently not with water movement.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 126 (1968), S. 31-65 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Mitochondria in early spermatids of many insects aggregate and form a round body, the nebenkern. The nebenkern undergoes a structural differentiation and then divides into two separate equal-sized bodies. In the present study, nebenkerns of Murgantia histrionica, a Hemipteran insect, were reconstructed using electron micrographs of serial sections to determine how the mitochondria transform into the two separate bodies.Newly formed nebenkerns are made of one piece, an anastomosis of rod-like segments. Some segments interconnect to join networks of rings. Each network interlocks with another similar network, but networks which interlock are connected with each other by other segments of the nebenkern. Later, the entire nebenkern is made of two unconnected and interlocked networks of rings. The nebenkern appears to remain bipartite during subsequent differentiation. Since the two pieces are interlocked, breaks must occur before the pieces can separate. As breaks occur, each network transforms into a set of curved sheets, producing a nebenkern made of four concentric layers. The three outer layers are each made of two curved sheets which surround a bipartite central core. The surface sheets meet at a furrow in the surface of the nebenkern; segments in each layer are roughly symmetrical with each other about the plane in which the furrow lies. Rod-like segments join alternate segments. The number of layers then decreases to three, and later, to two. These nebenkerns resemble four-layered nebenkerns, but fewer connections between alternate segments are present. The two pieces constituting the nebenkern probably separate after most of the latter connections disappear. Hypotheses to account for the observed changes in nebenkern structure are presented.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 47
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 126 (1968) 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 126 (1968) 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 124 (1968) 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 91-109 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: From the sedimentation-diffusion equilibria of some polymer solutions the average molecular weights M̄n, M̄w, M̄z, and M̄z+1 have been determined in different ways. In particular, the applicability of Fujita's method, which utilizes concentration gradient values at the midpoint of the solution column at a number of rotor speeds, was examined. It appears that if the gradients at some other places in the column are also used, a smaller range of rotor speeds suffices. This method is generally applicable for determining the average molecular weights specified above.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 129-140 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The viscoelastic properties of monodisperse poly-α-methylstyrenes of molecular weights of 4 × 104 to 50 × 104 were studied by the tensile stress-relaxation method. The relaxation-time spectra as well as the steady-flow viscosity, the steady-state compliance, the maximum relaxation time, and the modulus associated with the maximum relaxation time were determined. The molecular weight dependences of these quantities were compared with the theory of Rouse and Bueche as modified by Ferry, Landel, and Williams, as well as with data on other polymers reported in the literature.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 52
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 231-240 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The morphological character of the surface region of polyethylene has been considered with respect to adhesion and adhesive joint strength. By melting polyethylene onto a high-energy surface (e.g., aluminum) we have provided for extensive nucleation and the formation of a transcrystalline region in the polymer. Dissolution of the metal rather than peeling the metal from the polymer leaves the surface region of the polymer intact. The polymer sheet is now amenable to conventional adhesive bonding and forms a strong adhesive joint. We conclude from this study that the occurrence of the normal weak boundary layer is a consequence of the morphology of the surface region of the material and is, therefore, influenced by the method of preparation.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 53
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Molecular structures of chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) and polybutadiene have been studied by high resolution NMR. The spectra of the chlorinated polymers give broad signals. New peaks appear in the lower fields of the —CH2— and —CHCl— groups with increasing chlorine content. The chlorination of poly(vinyl chloride) takes place predominantly on —CH2— rather than on —CHCl—, e.g., a 70% chlorinated polymer has about 10 mole-% of —CCl2— groups. Polybutadiene reacts first with chlorine by addition to give a head-to-head poly(vinyl chloride), and then the substitution of the hydrogen atom takes place. Chlorinated polybutadiene with 70% Cl has about 18 mole-% of —CCl2—. The multiplets characteristic of spin-spin couplings in the spectrum of the original poly(vinyl chloride) are still observed in that of the highly chlorinated product. This fact shows that a considerable number of poly(vinyl chloride) sequences of certain lengths persist in the highly chlorinated polymer.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 281-288 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: For polyethylene fibers, orientation parameters of the form 〈cos2 φ〉 were calculated from traces obtained with an x-ray diffractometer equipped with an orientation integrator. The angle φ is that which a crystal or molecular axis makes with the fiber axis. Traces over a continuous range of diffraction angle were obtained for (2/π)Iav, and also the weighted averages (2/π)Iav 〈cos2φ〉 and (2/π)Iav 〈sin2φ〉, where Iav is the intensity averaged over all orientations. The orientation for the crystal a, b, and c axes were determined from area measurements of the {110} and {200} lines, and the orientation parameter for the molecular axis in the amorphous phase was determined from area measurements of the amorphous halos. An undrawn fiber showed a slight a and c axis orientation along the fiber axis, and a slight transverse orientation of the b axis and the molecular axis. For a highly drawn fiber the orientation parameter for the c axis was 0.98 and for the molecular axis 0.65. The degree of crystallinity, measured from the (2/π)Iav versus 2θ traces, were 66.1% and 73.3% for the undrawn and drawn fiber, respectively.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 55
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 301-301 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 56
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 383-406 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Complete fractionations into 5, 10, and 20 fractions were calculated by a numerical method based on the Flory-Huggins theory in order to evaluate various procedures for determining the molecular weight distribution from fractionation data. If the initial distributions are wide, the differential distribution cannot be accurately reconstructed, not even if each fraction is characterized by two average molecular weights (instead of one, as is customary). In addition to this inadequacy in the evaluation procedure there are the experimental errors which further detract from the accuracy of the result. The integral distribution can, in some cases, be approximated fairly well by means of the Schulz method, provided that the polymer is separated into many fractions with narrow distributions. However, the integral distribution thus obtained does not reflect details in the differential distribution. Polymer fractionation does not appear to be a suitable procedure for accurate determination of the differential distribution. From the assembled material, a thermodynamic method has been derived which seems to hold out better prospects. It should enable the differential distribution to be directly determined from a detailed analysis of the liquid-liquid phase relationships, provided the free energy of mixing function of the system is known.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 57
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 289-293 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 58
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 463-477 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The conductivity of dry poly(hexamethylene adipamide) (nylon 66) was measured as a function of time and temperature. Three temperature ranges were observed in which the time dependence of conductivity differed: (a) below 80°C. the conductivity decreased continuously with time; (b) between 80°C. and 110°C. the conductivity remained constant over long periods; (c) above 120°C. a continuous decrease in conductivity was again observed. In other experiments the volume of gas evolved from the nylon film was measured under continuous potential and compared with the total current passed through the sample. It was observed that above 120°C. the gas evolved corresponded to about one-half the volume calculated if the conduction process involved only protons. Below 120°C. the gas evolved corresponded to an increasingly small fraction of the total current until below 90°C. no evolution of gas was observed. This suggests that at temperatures above 120°C. conduction involves the transport of both protons and electrons, whereas at lower temperatures it is electronic. Mechanisms of conduction are discussed.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 59
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 509-516 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Acid hydrolysis of a stereoblock poly(methyl methacrylate) sample leads to a mixture of isotactic and syndiotactic poly(methacrylic acid) which can be separated by electrophoresis. The experiment confirms the stereochemical identity between the so-called “stereoblock” poly(methyl methacrylate) and the stereocomplex which syndiotactic and isotactic poly(methyl methacrylate) form in the ratio 2:1. A possible mechanism of replica polymerization is suggested to account for this effect.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 60
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 407-420 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The electrical conductivities in vacuo of poly(ethylene oxide) and two higher olefin oxide polymers have been found to be ∼9 orders higher than for other saturated organic polymers. The possibility of ionic transport resulting from the presence of impurities (including water) has been eliminated, and it is proposed that an inherent ionic process is operative, involving the generation of protons and then subsequent transport by a handing-on process. The two general requirements are the presence of proton-accepting atoms (in this case oxygen) in the polymer chains; and proximity to the melting point to ensure adequate chain-mobility. These requirements are met by poly(ethylene oxide), poly(trimethylene oxide), and poly(tetramethylene oxide), which are all close to their melting points at room temperature. poly(methylene oxide), with a melting point of ∼180°C., on the other hand, has the low conductivity of a typical insulator.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 61
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 457-462 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Polymers containing dynamically isolated polymethylene segments of various lengths were obtained from the reaction of bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether with α,ω-diamines. On the basis of the mechanical damping data of these polymers, it was established that the shortest polymethylene segment to show the -125°C. γ dispersion, characteristic of polyethylene, must consist of at least five carbon atoms.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 62
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 499-508 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The theta temperature of poly-α-methylstyrene in cyclohexane has been found to vary with the stereostructure of the polymer. The observed values range from 305.5°K. for highly syndiotactic material (0.95 syndiotactic diads) to 310.0°K. for anio ically polymerized samples (0.67 syndiotactic diads). Results indicate that the unperturbed dimensions of the polymer increase with increasing isotacticity of the chain, whereas the entropy parameter ψ1, measured in cyclohexane, decreased as the structure became more isotactic. Measurements of the second virial coefficient in toluene showed an increasing interaction with the solvent as the polymer became more syndiotactic.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 63
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 1177-1182 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: At present the widely used model for explaining viscoelastic and dielectric properties of polymer solutions is that of Rouse and Bueche. Here the polymer molecule is considered as an array of Gaussian subunits, each of which acts as an entropy spring. The motion of these segments is damped by the viscous drag of the surrounding solvent (RB model). An alternative model is presented, in which the segments are torsional oscillators consisting of two or three backbone links, and the damping is due to hindered internal rotation (DTO model). The mathematical treatment of these two models is essentially identical, but the physical interpretation of the constants used is very different. The DTO model has previously been applied by one of us to the interpretation of viscoelastic data. It is here applied to the interpretation of dielectric loss data. It is shown that dielectric measurements in dilute solution should very readily discriminate between the two approaches. Finally it is shown that the relaxation time computed from the DTO model is in closer agreement with published NMR data on poly(propylene oxide) 2025, than is the RB relaxation time. The postulates of the DTO model appear to be confirmed for this low molecular weight polymer. An even more sensitive distinction should be available by studies of the relaxation time as a function of polymer concentration.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 64
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 1203-1206 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 65
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 895-911 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The incorporation of comonomers bearing functional groups yields butadiene copolymers capable of hydrogen bonding. Three such butadiene-based materials were studied: methacrylic acid copolymers, 2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine copolymers, and stoichiometric mixtures of the acidic and basic copolymers. The elastic effects of intermolecular hydrogen bonding were determined by comparing the simple weighted average of the moduli of the parent copolymers with the observed modulus of their stoichiometric mixture. The results show that measurable increases in the moduli of the mixtures persist even above the glass temperature Tg, which is itself elevated in the mixtures. These increases may be treated as temperature-dependent temporary crosslinks.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 66
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Styrene and maleic anhydride were copolymerized in benzene. The whole polymer thus obtained was fractionated with acetone and petroleum ether as the solvent and precipitant, respectively. The viscosities and osmotic pressures of the fractions were determined in tetrahydrofuran. The relation between the intrinsic viscosity and the molecular weight, [η] = 5.07 × 10-5 M̄n0.81, was obtained in tetrahydrofuran. The unperturbed mean square end-to-end distance was estimated by the Stockmayer-Fixman equation. A theoretical equation for the mean square end-to-end distance for a chain of repeating units of different bond lengths a and b with a fixed valence angle θ and without restriction of internal rotation was presented and applied to this copolymer. In addition, the equation of the mean-square end-to-end distance derived by Wall for trans-polyisoprene without rotational restriction was modified for application to this copolymer. The result evaluated with our equation was about 26% smaller than that from the modified Wall equation. A steric parameter for the present copolymer is defined and discussed in comparison with those of polystyrenesulfone and polystyrene.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 67
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 1083-1091 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Measurements have been made of the anisotropy of viscoelastic behavior in cold-drawn low-density and high-density polyethylene sheets. In the low-density polymer the β transition was shown to be highly anisotropic, maximum losses corresponding to shear on planes containing the axis of drawing and on planes perpendicular to this axis. In high-density polyethylene the α transition shows anisotropy.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 68
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 1141-1148 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The thermodynamic properties of crystalline and amorphous poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether) (PPORegistered trademark of General Electric Company. polymer, General Electric Co.) have been studied calorimetrically between 80 and 570°K. The calculated configurational entropy of this polymer, of similar magnitude to other glass-forming liquids, is consistent with the combination of an unusually high ratio of Tg/Tm, and a low melting entropy.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 69
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 1149-1160 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A method for the theoretical analysis of branching in radical polymerization is presented which includes the dynamics of the process. In particular, the method is applied to a polymerization that occurs by decomposition of initiator, propagation, termination by radical combination, and chain transfer with polymer. By a numerical solution of the kinetic equations (suitably transformed), the time dependence of the number-average degree of polymerization (DP), the weight-average DP, the mean number of branches, and the monomer conversion are obtained. The parameters of the process, that is the rate coefficients and initial concentrations, have the following effects: (1) An increase in the chain transfer coefficient increases the ratio of weight-average to number-average Xw/Xn and the mean number of branches Xb, but does not change the number-average Xn. (2) For a given value of the chain transfer coefficient, a change in the parameters of the process such that Xn increases, causes Xw/Xn and Xb to increase also. (3) Chain transfer with polymer seems to produce relatively few polymer molecules having many branches and a large number of smaller polymer molecules having no branches; consequently, the polymer size (or molecular weight) distribution broadens.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 70
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 825-831 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Extended chain crystals of polyoxymethylene were irradiated with x-rays of about 105 r./min. An immediate decrease in superheating on melting was noted. After 90 min. of irradiation the melting point level, refractive indices, and density also decreased. After 480 min. the DTA melting peak at a heating rate of 20°C./min. had decreased 25°C., the melting point decreased about 18°C., and the density calculated from refractive indices decreased 0.031 g./cm.-3. These effects are interpreted as indication of chain scission and formation of amorphous defects.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 71
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 871-883 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The following measurements were carried out on the melts of two samples of polypropylene, one with a narrow and one with a broad molecular weight distribution: viscosity in steady shear flow, dynamic storage and loss moduli, total normal thrust in cone-and-plate apparatus, and flow birefringence. The validity of various theoretical interrelations between the measured quantities is checked. The influence of molecular weight distribution is qualitatively discussed.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 72
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 913-919 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The mechanical lability of intermolecular hydrogen bonds in stoichiometric mixtures of acidic and basic butadiene copolymers has been studied by both infrared and mechanical methods. Comparison is made between the weight-averaged E(t) and H(τ) spectra of the parent copolymers and those of the mixed copolymers. The results indicate that the maximum contributions of bond-interchange relaxation migrate to shorter times as the concentration of bonding groups increases.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 73
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 933-946 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The mechanical lability of quadrupolar links in cationic and anionic polyelectrolytes and of ion-pair links in mixed polyelectrolytes is investigated in terms of deviations from the WLF viscoelastic theory. The behavior of E(t), log AT, and Evisc indicate that the quadrupolar links do not interchange below the second transition Tt* found in these materials. The blended polyelectrolytes exhibit low yields of the desired ion pair linking and have transitions characteristic of quadrupolar migration of the unreacted polyelectrolytes.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 74
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 953-960 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A series of well-characterized polyamic acids from pyromellitic dianhydride and 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether of systematically varied molecular weight and known molecular weight distribution were chemically converted to polyimide films under regulated conditions. The films were essentially noncrystalline, of moderate orientation, and soluble in concentrated sulfuric acid. The mechanical properties of the films varied sigmoidally with the solution properties of the precursor. Molecular weights were derived for the onset of mechanical strength and limiting property values are given. The relations between film properties and molecular structural parameters suggest that cyclization probably occurs here with little contribution from crosslinking, degradation, or other side reactions which would appreciably alter molecular weight and molecular weight distribution.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 75
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 1593-1606 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Gum arabic was found to have an osmotic molecular weight of 250,000, in agreement with earlier determinations. A molecular weight of 365,000 was found by light scattering, somewhat higher than obtained earlier by sedimentation equilibrium analysis but lower than light-scattering values reported by other investigators. The M̄w/Mn ratio, 1.46, is quite low in gum arabic. The angular dependence of light scattering exhibited the upward curvature to be expected of a spherical molecule and a radius of gyration of about 100 A. or less, as estimated from a Zimm plot. Fractionation of the original gum arabic was done by precipitation of a 0.5% solution in aqueous 0.5% NaCl with acetone. Comparison of the curves of viscosity versus molecular weight and the estimated radius of gyration shows that the hydrodynamic volume is less than that of branched dextran of similar molecular weight. The electroviscous effects for gum arabic in aqueous solution were shown by reduced viscosity curves at various acidities and in salt. The degree of dissociation was calculated for each pH level. The minimum intrinsic viscosity was found in 0.04N HCl where the degree of dissociation at pH 1.5 was found to be 0.049. When the acidity was increased, further reduction in viscosity was found to be negligible. Routine determination of the viscosity and molecular weight of the fractions was done in 0.35M NaCl at pH 10 to which 0.25% of the sodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid was added as a sequestrant. The intrinsic viscosity in this solvent was nearly as low as in 0.04N HCl. Light-scattering dissymmetries in water and in 0.35M NaCl plus EDTA at pH 10 were similar, 1.13 and 1.09, respectively, which showed that actual expansion of the macroion is not the cause of the large increase in viscosity of gum arabic when the ionic strength of the solvent is reduced. Periodate oxidation of the polymer confirmed the existence of a 1-3-linked backbone of galactose. Subsequent treatment of the oxidized polymer with alkali reduced the osmotic molecular weight to 45,000 but failed to remove oxidized side branches. The oxidized polymer was fractionated by gel permeation chromatography and the intrinsie viscosity-molecular weight relation compared with relations for fractions of the unoxidized polymer and for other branched and crosslinked polymers.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 76
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 1051-1063 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The energy component of the stress has been determined for poly(vinyl alcohol) networks in swelling equilibrium with a series of water-ethylene glycol compositions. The data are analyzed by using the equations describing the thermoelasticity of networks in swelling equilibrium. The ratio fe/f of the energy component to the total force, as calculated from these equations, varies systematically with diluent composition but is independent of elongation in a given diluent. For a network crosslinked by terephthalaldehyde, fe/f varied from -0.33 to -0.42 as the diluent composition was changed from pure water to 20% ethylene glycol. Similar effects were found in a network crosslinked by formaldehyde. It is not yet certain whether this effect represents a real solvent dependence of fe/f or a failure of the equation of state to account for the effect of composition changes on the force.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 77
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 1689-1703 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Stress-induced crystallization in a rapidly stretched natural rubber gum vulcanizate has been studied using thermal techniques to follow the development of crystallinity. A special-purpose analog computer has been assembled and used on-line to process the thermal and mechanical data obtained in high speed tensile testing. Roughly first-order room temperature crystallization kinetics curves were obtained having time constants of 50-60 msec in the range of 400-540% extension. While the rate of this rapid, presumably primary crystallization appears rather insensitive to elongation in this limited range, the extent of crystallization at 400 msec increases smoothly from zero at 340% elongation to around 18% at 540% elongation. It is shown that our high-speed tensile tester can stretch this vulcanizate fast enough that most of the crystallization takes place after extension has been completed. Stress-strain curves obtained at this high rate are compared with those obtained at lower rates where crystallization takes place during the stretching.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 78
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 1759-1772 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Experimental evidence concerning the dependence of the intrinsic viscosity [η] on molecular weight M in the low molecular weight range (from oligomers to M = 5 × 104) has been collected in a variety of solvents for about ten polymers, i.e., polyethylene, poly(ethylene oxide), poly(propylene oxide), polydimethylsiloxane, polyisobutylene, poly(vinylacetate), poly(methyl methacrylate), polystyrene, poly-α-methylstyrene, and some cellulose derivatives. In theta solvents, the constancy of the ratio [η]Θ/M0.5 extends down to values of M much lower than those predicted by current hydrodynamic theories. In good solvents, and on decreasing M, the polymers examined, with the exception of polyethylene and some cellulose derivatives, show a decrease in the exponent a of the Mark-Houwink equation [η] = KMa. This upward curvature gives rise to the existence of a more or less extended linear region where the equation [η] = K0M0.5 is obeyed. Below the linear range, i.e., for even shorter chains, the exponent a can increase, i.e., polydimethylsiloxane, or decrease below 0.5, i.e., poly(ethylene oxide), depending on the particular chain properties. These different dependences have been discussed in terms of: (a) variations of thermodynamic interactions with molecular weight; (b) variations of conformational characteristics (as for instance the ratio) 〈r02/nl2〉, where 〈r02〉 is the unperturbed mean square end-to-end distance and n is the number of bonds each of length l; (c) hydrodynamic properties of short chains.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 79
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 1209-1216 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: It is predicted that the net repulsion between the segments of a polymer network and a poor solvent can cause a phase transition marked by a sudden change in the degree of swelling. This is analogous to the “coil-globule” transition recently predicted by Ptitsyn to occur for a macromolecule in solution. The critical conditions for the transition. as well as phase diagrams, are calculated for the gel in free swelling and under uniaxial tension, which facilitates the transition. The transition depends on the gel being formed of chains crosslinked while greatly swollen by a diluent and also having a high degree of crosslinking. It is concluded that it would be difficult to attain the conditions necessary for the transition in the free-swelling case, but that it should be possible for gel under tension.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 80
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 1255-1271 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Morphology and crystal structure of solution-grown and melt-grown crystals of thermally decomposed polypropylene have been studied by electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction. By crystallization from dilute α-chloronaphthalene or carbitol solutions well-defined lamellar crystals about 100-150 A. in thickness are obtained from fractions (number-average molecular weights 1600-2100) of thermally decomposed crystalline polypropylene. The structure is monoclinic as crystallized from very dilute α-chloronaphthalene or carbitol solutions (0.02-0.005 wt.-%). However crystals of the triclinic as well as of the monoclinic forms are precipitated from carbitol solutions of higher concentrations (0.05-1 wt.-%). On the other hand, the separated triclinic form has been obtained from the melt. Crystals of both modifications have similar morphology. In addition, the chain molecules cannot be expected to fold, within the thickness of lamellae in crystals of either modification prepared from the low molecular weight fractions used in this study.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 81
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 2009-2019 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: With low-shear mixing, a portion of a high molecular weight poly(DMVPMS) is immediately adsorbed, and fairly stable aggregates are formed by the polymer bridging mechanism. The adsorption equilibrium is not established after several weeks because of a very slow liberation of the partly covered surface that is trapped within the aggregates. At a high ionic strength, or when the polymer is degraded to a low molecular weight, the adsorption equilibrium is quickly established because of a weaker bridging in the aggregates. It is proposed that poly(DMVPMS) adsorbs from water in a flattened conformation by an ion exchange mechanism. The saturation level increases and then becomes constant as the ionic strength is increased. Simple electrolytes show a specific effect on the adsorption of poly(DMVPMS) that is analogous to their effect on the interaction of other colloidal particles.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 82
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Adult sloths (Bradypus tridactylus) were studied by electrocardiography and by light and electron microscopy under normal conditions and under experimental conditions as provided for by injection of 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) and ether anesthesia. ECG's of the animals indicated heart rates of 45-71/min, which can be considered as the normal heart rate of the sloth under laboratory conditions. Under normal conditions, the contracted ventricular myocardium of the sloth exhibited (a) a wrinkled sarcolemma, (b) the usual pattern of myofibrils and of sarcoplasmic reticulum, (c) small mitochondria with spiked and branched, often anastomosed cristae, including a few small intramitochondrial dark bodies, (d) an amount of sacrcosomes smaller than the amount of myofibrils, (e) many glycogen granules, isolated, in the form of a chain, or as clusters, in subsarcolemmal, intermyofilamentous and perimitochondrial positions, (f) few multivesicular bodies and (g) large flat sections of the transverse tubular system.Injection of DNP (1 mg/kg) caused tachycardia. With ether anesthesia, the ECG showed monophasic action potential of myocardial injury and prolongation of inter or intraventricular condition. Electrically, the sloth's heart responded to hypoxia as do other mammalian hearts.The administration of DNP produced (a) derangement and reduction in number and length of the mitochondrial cristae, (b) disappearance of spikes, connections between the cristae and, consequently, the honeycombed arrangement, (c) increased matricial space in the center of mitochondria which was often filled with a grayish substance, (d) disappearance of small dark intramitochondrial granules, (e) depletion of glycogen particles and (f) few dilations in the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 83
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 124 (1968), S. 167-179 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Latex endocranial casts, which may be made without damaging the skull, reveal much of the information provided by a hemisected skull. Examination of drawings of endocasts superimposed on skulls may provide insight into the biological significance of skull and brain morphology. The high degree of cranial flexion and the globose brain shape of Daubentonia appear to be related to the functional demands of its gnawing mechanism. The broad frontal lobes of indriids are correlated with orbital orientation; differences in frontal lobe sulcal pattern suggest greater elaboration of the motor filed for the hand in indriids than in lemurids. Several features of lorisid cranial anatomy are discussed. It is suggested that, as a first approximation, increased splanchnocranial declination in small prosimians results from the necessity of accommodating relatively large eyes in a skull with a relatively small splanchnocranium.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 84
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 124 (1968) 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 85
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 124 (1968), S. 283-293 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In March through April when the oocyte growth in the ovaries of the wall lizard (Hemidactylus) is very rapid, the yolk nucleus continues to persist through various stages of previtellogenesis. This persisting yolk nucleus and associated cell components have been studied with histochemical techniques. The spherical and dense yolk nucleus stains for protein, lipoprotein and RNA. It does not form any close morphological association with the other cell components such as the mitochondria, lipid bodies (L2), spaces or canals, diffuse sudanophilic substance and dense bodies, which are arranged into three zones round the yolk nucleus proper. The mitochondria stain for lipoprotein; the L2 bodies consist of phospholipid; the spaces do not contain any material demonstrable with histochemical techniques; and the ooplasm containing the diffuse sudanophilic substance and dense bodies shows lipoprotein, protein and RNA. Eventually, the yolk nucleus disintegrates, and its substance as well as the other cell components are distributed in the cortical ooplasm of oocytes which are ready to form the yolk bodies.Concepts of the origin, morphology, cytochemistry and function of the yolk nucleus in the oocytes of invertebrates and vertebrates, which have come about recently through the application of cytochemical and submicroscopical techniques, are discussed.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 86
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 124 (1968), S. 353-359 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Symmetrical gaits of 37 breeds of dogs were analyzed. Usual walking and trotting gaits resemble those of other carnivores of similar size and conformation. Only certain long-legged dogs pace - usually at the fast walk or slow run. At the moderate walk, long-legged dogs tend to use lateral-couplets gaits, whereas short-legged breeds tend to use single-foot gaits. Many dogs must turn the axis of the body slightly from the line of travel at the trot to prevent interference between fore and hind feet. The relative duration with the ground made by fore and hind feet is discussed, usual support-sequences of the varicus gaits are presented, and the amount of variation is shown.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 87
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 124 (1968), S. 387-421 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Electron microscope autoradiography was used to study cartilage from regenerating limbs of adult newts, Triturus, after intraperitoneal injections of proline-3H. The labeling in the endoplasmic reticulum, small vesicles, Golgi vacuoles, ground cytoplasm and extracellular matrix was compared during the secretion of radioactive products. The data appear to indicate that a large part of the radioactive secretion probably leaves the cell after having been in only one cellular compartment. Although this compartment may be the endoplasmic reticulum, a considerable amount of radioactivity fluxes through the ground cytoplasm and the possibility cannot be excluded that some secretory components leave the cell directly from the ground cytoplasm. The data appear incompatible with the hypothesis that all the radioactivity seen in the extracellular matrix arrived there via a single pathway involving first the endoplasmic reticulum and then the Golgi vacuoles. It is not, however, incompatible with a hypothesis that a fraction of the radioactive product uses this pathway.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 88
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 124 (1968), S. 249-261 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: An electron microscope examination of the minute bristle organules in the Drosophila eye revealed an organisation characteristic of insect hair sensilla. They were derived from four concentrically arranged cells which were active at the mid-pupal stage in producing the bristle, socket and receptor structures. Two of the cells degenerated towards the end of pupation, the mature organule consisting of a bipolar sense cell and an accessory cell.Growth in length of the bristle was accompanied by a proliferation of longitudinally oriented microtubules which gradually disappeared after maximum growth had been achieved. The breakdown of microfibrillar aggregates, which were also present as transient structures in the developing bristle and showed some correspondence with the longitudinal ridges formed at the surface, may similarly be related to the establishment of cell shape by the deposition of the cuticle which occurred at the same time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 89
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 124 (1968), S. 313-320 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Forty-two unselected ovaries from adult mares were examined histologically, and with histochemical methods for mucins. A considerable part of the surface of the ovulation fossa was directly covered by columnar epithelium, with many ciliated cells. This epithelium, which was distributed mainly on the anterior side of the ovulation fossa, closely resembled the contiguous epithelium of the infundibulum of the oviduct, was frequently folded, and gave rise to short clefts projecting into the ovarian substance. The remainder of the ovulation fossa was covered by non-ciliated, low cuboidal or squamous epithelium, lacking folds or clefts.“Fossa cysts,” up to 6.5 mm in diameter, were observed in the ovarian tissue around the ovulation fossa in 27 (64%) of these ovaries. Both simple and branched, tubular and vesicular forms were present, and all were blind-ending. Their epithelial lining cells, which varied from simple squamous to columnar in type, were frequently ciliated. Many fossa cysts contained secretions histochemically similar to those of the columnar epithelium of the ovulation fossa and infundibulum. Both sialic acidcontaining and neutral mucins were present. It is suggested that these cysts were probably derived by ingrowth from the columnar epithelium of the ovulation fossa. This epithelium may be of müllerian duct origin.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 90
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 124 (1968) 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 91
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Light microscopic sections of the adult opossum (Didelphis virginiana) spleen were observed to lack venous sinuses; this primitive mammalian spleen may be classified as non-sinusal in nature. In the spleen of the opossum, the capillary segments of the penicillar arteries lacked ellipsoid sheaths characteristic of certain mammalian spleens.Separating the lymphoid nodules from the surrounding red pulp was a distinct band of vascular tissue, the marginal zone. Arising from the central artery within the lymphoid nodule, vessels of capillary dimension were observed to terminate within the marginal zone and the area between lymphoid nodule and marginal zone. In addition to the vascular channels established by the terminal arterial vessels within the red pulp, the system of vessels within the marginal zone has been implicated as an important intermediate vascular channel within the spleen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 92
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A total of 54 embryos of Chrysemys (Chelonia) and 29 embryos of Aristelliger (Lacertilia) were used in examining septation of the embryonic bulbus cordis. Division of this region of the heart includes a period of cushion or septal primordia formation and a period of physical partitioning. In both reptilian genera, the physical configuration of the early bulbus, the temporal sequence of appearance of the endocardial cushions, the number of major endocardial cushions, the primordia composing the two primary bulbar septa, and the mode of descent of the bulbar septa are strikingly similar. The two genera differ primarily in the pattern of the endocardial cushions and consequently the rotation of the two bulbar septa. In both the turtle and the lizard the aortico-pulmonary septum passes through an angle of about 120° in its descent toward the ventricle. In Aristelliger the aortic septum rotates through an angle of approximately 120°. By contrast, the same partition in Chrysemys spirals through an angle of about 90°. The lesser spiral of this septum in the turtle is interpreted as the result of a decrease in the rotation of distal endocardial ridge 4. The pattern of the two bulbar septa in the turtle appears to represent an advanced phylogenetic feature in terms of the evolution of the reptilian bulbus cordis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 93
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 125 (1968), S. 71-103 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Oogenesis and the relationships between oocytes and other ovarian tissues have been studied in Sypharochiton septentriones. The ovarian tissues were examined by electron microscopy and by histochemical methods.The sac-like ovary is dorsal, below the aorta, and opens to the exterior by two posterior oviducts. Ventrally, the ovarian epithelium is folded inwards to form a series of plates of tissue, which support the developing ova. Each ovum is attached to a tissue plate by a stalk, the plasma membrane of which is bathed by the blood in the tissue plate sinus. Dorsally, ciliated vessels from the aorta enter the ovary and open into blood sinuses in the top of the plates.After each germinal epithelial cell rounds up to become a primary oogonium, it undergoes four mitotic divisions to give rise to a cluster of 16 secondary oogonia. Of these, the outer ones become follicle cells and the inner ones become oocytes. As in other molluses, the increases in nuclear and nucleolar volume are relatively greatest towards the end of previtellogenesis, when chromosomal and nucleolar activity are most intense. This phase of activity is accompanied by a great increase in cytoplasmic basophilia. Subsequently this basophilia is decreased during vitellogenesis, when chromosomal and nucleolar activity diminish. Fluid filled interstices appear in the cytoplasm during early vitellogenesis. Protein yolk deposition is associated with these interstices, but the lipid yolk appears to arise de novo. The follicle cells do not appear to be directly involved in oocyte nutrition.At times during oogenesis, certain manifestations of polarity can be found in the oocyte. This polarity is based on an apical-basal axis and can be related to the nutritive source of the oocyte, namely the blood which bathes the plasma membrane of the oocyte in the stalk.Numerous granulated cells are present in the ovarian tissue plates and ventral epithelium as storage cells containing lysosomes, and they are capable of phagocytosis and micropinocytosis of extracellular material. A scheme is outlined whereby reserves in these cells may be incorporated into the oocyte cytoplasm. Lysosomal activity is responsible for autolysis of the cells as well as resorption of unspawned ova.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 94
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The postnatal development of the pelage and ventral gland of male Mongolian gerbils ranging from newborn to 86 days of age was studied. The development of the gerbil pelage follows a pattern similar to that observed for other rodents. The length of the dorsal and ventral skin juvenile hair cycle was found to be 26 to 28 days with a 15 to 18 day anagen and a ten to 11 day catagen and telogen. Hair follicles in the ventral gland began growth ten days later than those of the general pelage and secondary follicles budded from the sides of primary follicles. The ventral gland area differed from the general pelage in that it lacked a panniculus carnosus. The ventral gland is a complex of pilosebaceous glands which, in the adult, fill the entire hypodermis. The length and width of the pilosebaceous canals of the gland units are greater than those of the dorsum. The period of telogen of the hair follicles in the ventral gland is very short. The mid-ventral gland of the male gerbil appears to be a secondary sexual characteristic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 95
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 125 (1968) 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 96
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The ultrastructure of lymphatic capillaries in the tail fin of Rana catesbiana larvae was investigated. With the use of a colloidal marker particle (Biological Carbon) the extent that these delicate vessels ramify throughout the fin region was demonstrated. This opaque substance also serves as a marker particle for identification of lymphatics with some degree of certainty at both light and electron microscopic levels. The cytoplasm of the lymphatic endothelial cell is abruptly attenuated beyond the perinuclear region, reaching widths as thin as 300 Å. Lymphatic Anchoring filaments are present, but to a lesser degree than noted for other species studied. Other features of interest include an extensive Golgi complex and electron dense bodies that are surrounded by a smooth surfaced unit membrane. These bodies are somewhat heterogeneous in size (500 Å up to 0.5 μ in diameter) and density. Numerous exit channels are provided by the extensive supply of lymphatics throughout the tail fin region of amphibian larva thus allowing them to serve an important function during metamorphosis. It is suggested that these vessels also act as passageways through which lysed cellular and connective tissue components may be rapidly removed during the process of tail fin resorption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 97
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The cuticle of Watersipora nigra is at first translucent, but it later becomes black and differentiates into two layers. It is composed, at least in part, of a protein-polysaccharide complex. Calcified parts are three-layered: (1) an outer, cuticular layer, (2) a calcium carbonate skeleton deposited on a matrix of acid mucopolysaccharide, and (3) a “skeletal membrane.” The relationships of these layers indicate that the skeleton is intracuticular. A layer of cuticular material, the “intercalary cuticle” is present in lateral walls, but not transverse walls; it may become calcified in some species. The cuticles of calcified and uncalcified parts of cheilostomes are not necessarily homologous.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 126 (1968), S. 67-93 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Cell population and neuropile morphology of larval and adult brains of the monarch butterfly, Danaus plexippus plexippus, L., are compared. The larval brain is in continuous transition, the processes of adult brain development being underway from the earliest larval stages. It is characterized by a less diverse population of cells and more homogenous fiber areas than those of the adult. Neuroblasts, which divide to form the neurones of the adult brain, occur either in discrete proliferation centers or scattered among the larval ganglion cells. The larval brain contains, in addition to small homogeneous antennal centers and a distinct larval optic center, rapidly developing adult optic centers, corpora pedunculata, and protocerebral bridge. The larval brain lacks a central body. Major differences between larval and adult brains are clearly related to the increased dependence of the adult upon sensory input from the eyes and antennae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 126 (1968), S. 123-161 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Distomus variolosus from Roscoff, France, comprises two sorts, differing in their branchial and gonadal patterns. Their sexual cycle has been followed histologically and micro-anatomically. Gonads begin as clumps of lymphocytes that persist along germinal tracts. Cavitation of the clump, growth of the gonoduct, maturation of the gametes, and elaboration of accessory structures are described. Oocytes develop in a linear series in each ovary; only one or two reach maturity in each gonad. The released egg and subsequent tadpole may be held to the ovary by a “leash” formed of the partially everted outer follicle of the egg. Post-mature gonads deteriorate. Testes disrupt altogether; ovaries may persist as moribund loci of remnant germinal tissue. The sharp right-left hermaphroditism of the zooid appears to combine with a subtler anterior-posterior gradient of sexual determination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 100
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In a hydrozoan jellyfish, the female gonad is differentiated from a specialized region of the epidermis near the manubrium. Changes in the oocytes during growth and vitellogenesis are described as observed with electron microscopic and cytochemical techniques. Three major types of yolk are formed; these include lipid, glycogen, and membrane-bound granules consisting of both protein and carbohydrate. The latter first appear evident within vesicular and cisternal elements of the numerous Golgi complexes. The orientation and structural variations noted between the endoplasmic reticulum and forming face of the Golgi complexes suggest that the protein component of the yolk granules may be transferred from the cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi complex where it is joined to carbohydrate perhaps synthesized by the Golgi complexes. Stages in the release of the precursor yolk material sequestered in cisternal elements of the Golgi complexes are illustrated. The presence of coated and uncoated vesicles in the Golgi regions and their possible role in intracellular transport are described and discussed. The presence and possible method of morphogenesis of vesiculate yolk bodies are also described. What appear to represent invaginations of the oolemma extend into the ooplasm and display a special orientation with respect to lamellae of the rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum. Intraooplasmic synthesis appears to constitute the major pathway for protein-carbohydrate yolk deposition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...