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  • 1995-1999
  • 1975-1979  (5,800)
  • 1880-1889
  • 1830-1839
  • 1976  (5,800)
  • Chemistry  (5,694)
  • Ultrastructure  (106)
  • Nuclear reactions
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  • 1995-1999
  • 1975-1979  (5,800)
  • 1880-1889
  • 1830-1839
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative ultrastructure of thyroid, tongue and eyelid lesions in the neuroma phenotype of medullary carcinoma of the thyroid (1976)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 369 (1976), S. 249-258 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Ultrastructure ; Thyroid ; Mucosal neuromas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Electron-microscopic and histochemical studies of thyroid tumor, tongue neuromas and eyelid neuromas from the lesions of a patient with medullary thyroid carcinoma were compared. In the thyroid tumor, a significant number of the C cells showed heterogeneity of granule types; no C cells, however, were identified in the tongue and eyelid neuromas. Amyloid was clearly shown by Congo red staining in the thyroid neoplasm and in the tongue neuromas. In all tissues, amyloid fibrils were found to be ultrastructurally closely associated with fibroblasts. These fingings suggest that the fibroblast rather than the C cell may have played the important role in the deposition of amyloid in this patient's thyroid carcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00427713
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural investigations of peripheral nerves in neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinoses (NCL) (1976)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 213 (1976), S. 295-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis ; Lipopigments ; Ultrastructure ; π-granules
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei einem Patienten mit spätinfantiler und 3 mit juveniler NCL wurden periphere Nerven verschiedener Herkunft (Armplexus, N. suralis und 2 Hirnnerven) elektronenmikroskopisch untersucht. Im Lichtmikroskop wurden keine signifikanten histologischen Veränderungen gefunden. Kurvilineäre und/oder Fingerabdruck-Einschlüsse konnten ultrastrukturell in jedem Fall festgestellt werden, und zwar hauptsächlich in Schwannschen Zellen. Außerdem fanden sich lamelläre π-granulaähnliche Cytosomen. Sie kamen in den juvenilen Fällen gewöhnlich gar nicht und in dem spätinfantilen Fall lediglich vereinzelt mit kurvilineären/Fingerabdruck-Profilen gemeinsam vor. Bei spärlichen Veränderungen an Axonen und Myelinscheiden könnten diese Cytosomen Zeichen einer chronischen Schädigung der Schwannschen zellen sein und die spezifische morphologische Ausprägung eines „cellulären Verschleißprozesses“ darstellen, wie er im Alter und bei der NCL diskutiert wird. Biopsien aus peripheren Nerven eignen sich aufgrund der zahlreichen π-Granula und ihrer Varianten weniger zur Diagnose der NCL als beispielsweise solche der Haut, der Skeletmuskulatur und des Rectums.
    Notes: Summary Specimens of brachial plexus, sural nerve and two cranial nerves of one patient with the Jansky-Bielschowsky type and 3 patients with the Spielmeyer-Sjögren type of NCL were studied by electron microscopy. Significant light microscopic changes were absent in all specimens. Ultrastructurally, curvilinear and/or fingerprint inclusions were present in each case, located chiefly in Schwann cells. These diagnostic findings were, however, overshadowed by masses of lamellar π-granule-like cytosomes, usually not mixed with curvilinear or finger-print profiles in the juvenile cases and only rarely associated with curvilinear profiles in the late infantile case. Since secondary changes of axons and myelin sheaths were mild, these lamellar cytosomes might indicate chronic damage to Schwann cells, perhaps by “wear and tear” as seen in aging as well as NCL. On account of the abundance of π-granules in NCL, peripheral nerve biopsy appears less suitable for confirming this diagnosis than biopsy of skin, striated muscle and rectal tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00316269
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Early embryogenesis in Tropaeolum majus L.: Diversification of plastids (1976)
    Springer
    Planta 133 (1976), S. 15-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Tropaeolum, Embryogenesis ; Differentiation ; Plastids ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Embryogeny in the nasturtium is characterized by the development of a large, tripartite suspensor and storing cotyledons. A light and electron microscopic study revealed an early diversification of the plastids in the various regions of the suspensor and the embryo proper. Amyloplasts are found in the developing cotyledons of the heart-like embryo, while chloroplasts occur within the meristematic part of the embryo and the adjacent portion of the suspensor. The cells between the meristem and the storing cotyledons display undifferentiated leukoplasts, whereas leukoplasts with an electron-dense matrix occur in the basal cell mass of the embryo-suspensor. Etioplasts develop in several cells of the placental haustorium of the suspensor. The carpel haustorium shows rather undifferentiated leukoplasts, which are transformed into electron-dense plastids during autolysis of the suspensor. This early plastidal differentiation in discussed with respect to its control and functional significance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00386000
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Abnormal cilia in the bronchial mucosa (1976)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 371 (1976), S. 121-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Compound cilia ; Axial filament complex ; Bronchitis ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Atypical cilia in the bronchial mucosa of non-smoking women and in guinea-pig lungs were studied by the electron microscope. In human cases, numerous compound cilia were observed in the main bronchi. The largest one contained about 40 axial filament complexes in a ciliary shaft. Occasionally, atypical basal bodies were also seen. In the experimental model in guinea-pigs, 50% oxygen at one atmospheric pressure damaged the bronchial surface and resulted in degeneration and reduction of cilia and pellicular structures. The injury was not sufficiently severe to initiate adaptation and reparative mechanisms in the bronchial mucosa, and rapid renewal of the surface structures was found. The human cases were associated with bronchogenic carcinoma but the experimental model suggested that atypical cilia were not always related to pulmonary carcinogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00444928
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Das zentrale Riesenzellgranulom (1976)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 371 (1976), S. 161-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Giant cell granuloma ; Histochemistry ; Ultrastructure ; Cell function ; Osteoclasts
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die mehrkernigen Riesenzellen des zentralen Riesenzellgranuloms entstehen durch Zellfusion aus den Pericyten der Kapillaren. In der vorliegenden Studie werden die Funktionsmerkmale der Riesenzellen durch Kombination histologischer, histochemischer und elektronenmikroskopischer Methoden untersucht. In den mehrkernigen Riesenzellen ließen sich in Übereinstimmung mit älteren Untersuchungen die lysosomalen Enzyme saure Phosphatase und Aminopeptidase nachweisen. Das lysosomale System der Riesenzellen befähigt diese zur aktiven Phagocytoseleistung. Darüber hinaus können sich die Riesenzellen neugebildeten Geflechtknochenbälkchen anlagern und osteoclastäre Funktionen übernehmen. Die enzymhistochemische und funktioneile Ähnlichkeit mit den mehrkernigen Osteoclasten wirft die Frage nach einer vergleichbaren Cytogenese beider Zellformen auf.
    Notes: Summary Multinucleated giant cells in giant cell granuloma are formed by cell fusion of capillary pericytes. In our present study we tried to analyze cell function and activity by histologic, histochemical, and electronmicroscopic examination of giant cells. Lysosomal enzymes such as acid phosphatase and amino-peptidase were found in giant cells which is in agreement with former work. By their lysosomal system giant cells are proved phagocytic. In addition, giant cells being localized at trabecular surfaces of newly formed woven bone may develop osteoclastic functions. The enzymatic and functional resemblance of giant cells and multinucleated osteoclasts points to the possibility of a similar cytogenesis of both cell types.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00444932
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über die Feinstruktur von Mammamischtumoren der Hündin (1976)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 371 (1976), S. 219-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Canine mammary gland ; Mixed tumor ; Myoepithelial cells ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurden licht- und elektronenmikroskopisch Spindelzellen fischzugartiger Verbände in 19 Mammamisehtumoren von Hündinnen untersucht. Die elektronenmikroskopischen Befunde sprechen dafür, daß es sich bei den spindeligen Tumorzellen meist um Zellen myothelialen Ursprungs handelt. Es wurden jedoch auch spindelzellige Verbände gefunden, die aus Fibroblasten bzw. Pibrocyten bestehen. Im lichtmikroskopischen Bereich ist eine sichere Unterscheidung nicht in jedem Fall möglich.
    Notes: Summary Spindle cells of myomatous formations of 19 canine mixed mammary tumors were studied by light and electron microscopy. The EM findings indicate that the spindleshaped tumor cells are mostly of myoepithelial origin. However there were also formations of spindle cells which consisted of fibroblasts or fibrocytes. By light microscopy they are not always clearly distinguishable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00433069
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Das zentrale Riesenzellgranulom (1976)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 370 (1976), S. 163-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Central giant cell granuloma ; Histogenesis ; Histochemistry ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bisherige Untersuchungen an zentralen Riesenzellgranulomen des Gesichts-Kieferbereiches haben die Histogenese dieser tumorähnlichen Knochenerkrankung nicht klären können. Wir untersuchten daher zwei bioptisch gesicherte zentrale Riesenzellgranulome unter dieser Fragestellung histochemisch und elektronenmikroskopisch. Histochemisch findet sich eine enge Enzymverwandtschaft zwischen den mehrkernigen Riesenzellen und den Pericyten der Kapillaren, die das Granulom dicht durchsetzen. Elektronenmikroskopisch zeigen sich typische Membranphänomene der Zellfusion zwischen den mehrkernigen Riesenzellen und den Pericyten. Die für das Granulom charakteristischen mehrkernigen Riesenzellen entstehen daher durch Zellfusion aus den Pericyten, die als ihre Stammzellen angesehen werden müssen. Da die Pericyten das Granulom auch in Form zahlreicher blinder Kapillarsprossen durchsetzen, erklärt sich die Entwicklung einer Vielzahl von Riesenzellen. Die Ursachen, die diesem Verhalten der Pericyten aetiologisch zugrunde liegen, sind unbekannt. Ob die Cytogenese der Riesenzellen des zentralen Riesenzellgranuloms Modellcharakter hat und analog auch für die Entwicklung von Riesenzellen in anderen Gewebsneubildungen oder für die Enstehung der mehrkernigen Osteoclasten gilt, muß weiteren Untersuchungen vorbehalten bleiben.
    Notes: Summary Until now numerous studies on central giant cell granuloma of jawbones have not been able to reveal the histogenesis of this tumourlike lesion. The aim of the present investigation in two surgically proven cases was to study this question by means of histochemical and electron-microscopic methods. Rather similar histochemieal properties were shown in giant cells and pericytes of capillary sprouts penetrating the granuloma. Cell fusion occurred between both cell types as was observed by electron microscopy. The process of cell fusion is defined by characteristic interdigitations of cell membranes. Therefore pericytes are believed to be the stem cells of multinucleated giant cells in giant cell granuloma. The abundance of giant cells usually occurring in the granuloma might be explained by plenty of capillary sprouts made up by clusters of pericytes. The factors inducing the pericytic cell fusion process are still unknown. The question arises whether cytogenesis of giant cells in giant cell granuloma might be similar in other giant cell lesions or even in the development of multinucleated osteoclasts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00430812
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The fine structure of the normal, resting terminal ductal-lobular unit of the female breast (1976)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 372 (1976), S. 205-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Breast ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The fine structure of the terminal ductal-lobular unit (TDLU) of the normal, resting female breast is described. Tissue used conformed to strict criteria for normal. 4 distinct cell types, were observed, epithelium, myoepithelium, macrophages and lymphocytes. A gradation in structure, especially of myoepithelium, was found between the ductule tip and intralobular duct, apparently reflecting the age and function of each region. Cilia originating from the myoepithelial cells are possibly sensory in function. Epithelial vesicular inclusions may represent minimal secretory activity, transport of material across the cell, or be lysosomal in nature. The capillaries in close contact with the delimiting fibroblasts of the epithelial-stromal junction (ESJ) are described and the zone designated the capillary-fibroblast junction (CFJ). The CFJ is conceived as a regulatory unit similar to the ESJ, and may contribute to dysplasia due to biochemical or functional alterations, or to disruption of the microvascular geometry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00433280
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Histogenese des Sarcoma idiopathicum multiplex haemorrhagicum (Morbus Kaposi) (1976)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 369 (1976), S. 215-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Kaposi's sarcoma ; Endothelial cells ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. Das wesentliche histologische Substrat des M.K. ist charakterisiert durch eine Proliferation von Zügen spindelförmiger Zellen, durch zellig begrenzte Gefäßspalten und durch eine geringfügige zellulär-entzündliche Begleitreaktion. 2. Die Zellen, welche die Gefäßspalten begrenzen, vehalten sich wie Capillarendothelzellen. Sie zeigen eine starke alkalische Phosphatase-Reaktivität und eine deutliche Leucinaminopeptidase-Aktivität; sie enthalten typische Weibel-Palade Granula. 3. Die ultrastrukturelle Analyse der Tumorzellen läßt ferner gefäßsprossenartige Formationen mit und ohne Lumen erkennen, an deren Ausbildung in der Hauptsache wenig ausdifferenzierte Endothelzellen beteiligt sind. Daneben erscheinen fibroblastoide Tumorzellen die sich möglicherweise von den Perithelzellen herleiten lassen. 4. Typisch für M.K. sind Extravasation und Phagocytose von Erythrocyten mit intracytoplasmatischem Abbau und Einlagerung myelinartiger, an Schwannzellen erinnernde Figuren. 5. Folgerung: Der M.K. ist gekennzeichnet durch eine multifokale Neubildung kapillarartiger Strukturen mit einer progressiven sarkomatösen Entwicklung.
    Notes: Summary 1. Histologically, Morbus Kaposi is primarily characterized by a proliferation of streams composed of spindle-shaped cells, by vascular slits lined by cells, and by a minor cellular inflammatory reaction. 2. The cells lining the vascular slits resemble endothelial cells and exhibit strong alkaline phosphatase activity and a clear leucinaminopeptidase activity. They contain Weibel-Palade bodies. 3. The ultrastructural analysis of the tumor cells shows a proliferative formation resembling capillary sprouts with and without lumina. The lumina are composed primarily of poorly differentiated endothelial cells. A second typical cellular component are fibroblast-like tumor cells possibly derived from perithelial cells. 4. Indicative of M.K. are also extravasation and phagocytosis of erythrocytes with intracytoplasmic decomposition, and storage of myelinlike structures somewhat resembling Schwannian-cells. 5. Conclusion: M.K. is characterized by a multifocal neoplasia of capillary like structures and by a progressive sarcomatous development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00427710
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Giant cell tumor of soft parts (1976)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 371 (1976), S. 199-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Giant cell tumor of soft parts ; Histopathology ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The light-microscopic and ultrastructural findings in a case of so-called giant cell tumor of soft parts, localized at the dorsal side of the left foot of a 23-years-old male are described. An amputation of the lower extremity was performed and subsequently chemotherapy with adriamycin was given for 3 months. Despite the histology and cytologic malignant appearance and the evident vascular invasion, already present at the time of the first excision, the last known status 2 years later seems favorable. There are no pathologic lymph nodes in the groins and no signs of metastases on chest X-rays. From the electron-microscopic study no definite conclusion can be drawn as regards the histogenesis of this tumor. We feel, as do others, that many of the principal mononuclear tumor cells are poorly differentiated mesenchymal cells. Some of the neoplastic cells, however, show ultrastructural features suggestive of chondro- or osteoblasts (a well-developed r.e.r. containing electron-dense material; multiple Golgi complexes; masses of glycogen; interdigitating cell membrane villi; cytoplasmic filaments; an extracellular amorphous matrix). Some of the larger tumor cells have the submicroscopic aspects of histiocytes as described in osseous, cutaneous, or pulmonary lesions of the histiocytosis X group. As yet undetermined cytoplasmic inclusion bodies constitute another rare observation in our material.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00433068
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Ultrastruktur und formalen Pathogenese des embryonalen Rhabdomyosarkoms (1976)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 86 (1976), S. 55-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Rhabdomyosarcoma ; Rhabdomyoblast ; Cellular Differentiation ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In der vorliegenden Untersuchung werden die cytomorphologischen Merkmale eines embryonalen Rhabdomyosarkoms des Nasenrachenraumes bei einem 10 jährigen Jungen aufgezeigt. Aufgrund der Ultrastruktur lassen sich im Tumor 4 Zelltypen darstellen: 1. Undifferenzierte mesenchymale Tumorzellen mit großem, euchromatischem Zellkern und schmalem, organellenarmem Cytoplasma; 2. undifferenzierte Tumorzellen mit einem Netzwerk von Intermediärfilamenten (Durchmesser etwa 100 Å) im breiten Cytoplasma; 3. unreife Rhabdomyoblasten mit zunehmender Entwicklung spezifische Myofilamente (Myosin: 180–210 Å, Actin: 68–80 Å Durchmesser); 4. reife Rhabdomyoblasten mit Myofibrillen in sarkomerischer Gliederung (Sarkomerlänge: 1,8 μ). Die starken Glykogenablagerungen in einigen cytoplasmareichen Tumorzellen werden als Zeichen eines Degenerationsprozesses gedeutet. Die cellulären Entwicklungsstadien des embryonalen Rhabdomyosarkoms sind identisch mit dem Ablauf der Embryogenese sowie der Regeneration normaler quergestreifter Muskulatur. Daher bieten sich für die Entstehung des embryonalen Rhabdomyosarkoms zwei Denkmodelle an: 1. Entstehung des Tumors aus einer undifferenzierten mesenchymalen Tumorstammzelle und 2. Atypische Regeneration nach Schädigung der quergestreiften Muskulatur mit Übergang in ein autonomes Tumorwachstum. Die zweite Hypothese ist jedoch wenig wahrscheinlich, da bis heute weder morphologisch noch experimentell eine derartige Tumorentstehung nachgewiesen werden konnte und zudem ätiologisch gesicherte Faktoren zur Induktion von Rhabdomyosarkomen beim Menschen fehlen.
    Notes: Summary An embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the nasopharynx of a 10 year old boy is analysed with light and electron microscopy. With regard to cell shape and cytoplasmic features the following four tumour cell types could be distinguished: 1. Undifferentiated mesenchymal cells with a big loosely packed nucleus and a small cytoplasmic rim with only few cell organelles; 2. Undifferentiated tumour cells with a broad cytoplasmic body which contains a dense network of nonspecific intermediate filaments with a diameter of about 100 Å; 3. Immature rhabdomyoblasts with randomly orientated specific myofilaments; 4. Fully differentiated rhabdomyoblasts with well developed myofibrils often showing a sarcomeric pattern. Glycogen deposits which were seen in great masses in many tumour cells were regarded to result from degenerative processes within the tumour. The cellular stages in the development of rhabdomyoblasts are basically identical to those known from the embryogenesis and regeneration of striated muscle. From these observations the two following developmental pathways are suggested: 1. Origin of the tumour from an undifferentiated mesenchymal cell; 2. Atypical regeneration of striated muscle which terminates in malignant progressive tumour growth. At present, the body of information about rhabdomyosarcomas supports the assumption of an origin from immature mesenchymal cells. Nevertheless, the second theory cannot be totally excluded.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00304934
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of the surface principal cells of the large intestine in postnatal developing rats (1976)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 149 (1976), S. 155-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Large intestinal epithelium ; Postnatal development ; Rat ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The principal cells of the surface of the cecum, the ascending colon, and the descending colon in postnatal developing rats were investigated using both light and electron microscopy. In rats 1 to 14 days old the ultrastructure of the surface principal cells in the cecum and ascending colon were characterized by apical tubulo-vacuolar systems and large supranuclear vacuoles similar to those in the absorbing cells of the neo-natal ileum as reported by Clark, 1959, and others. After about the 16th day, the special membrane system disappears from the principal cells of the proximal large intestine. On the other hand, in the descending colon, this special membrane system was absent from the cytoplasmic matrix of the epithelium. It is thought that the proximal portion of the large intestine together with the distal part of the small intestine actively participate in the absorption of protein molecules at least during the early postnatal period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00317895
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The ultrastructure of the nucleus of the oculomotor nerve (somatic efferent portion) of the cat (1976)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 149 (1976), S. 323-346 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Oculomotor nucleus ; Ultrastructure ; Synapses ; Membrane apposition ; Motoneurons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructure, of the somatic efferent portion of the nucleus of the oculomotor nerve was studied in four adult cats. The neuronal population is composed of neurons of variable size. A continuous pattern of morphological aspects is evident between the large neurons, which show abundant cytoplasm with well developed organelles and the small neurons which have a reduced amount of cytoplasm. The dendrites are generally smooth, with few short spines. Axo-somatic and axo-dendritic synapses are numerous. Synaptic boutons are also present on the axon hillock. The neuropil is characterized by the occurrence of small groups of dendrites which may be in direct touch with their membranes. Direct membrane appositions may also occur between neighbouring neurons and between the cell somata and tangentially running dendrites. Generally beneath the site of apposition there is accumulation of mitochondria, multivesicular bodies, coated vesicles and moderately dense amorphous material. The morphological features suggest the possibility of cellular interchanges at the sites of direct membrane apposition. Five types of synaptic boutons were recognized on the basis of their vesicular content, the presence of abundant filaments in the pre-synaptic bag, the occurrence of post-synaptic specializations. The, different synaptic types and their distribution are similar to those reported in the spinal motor nuclei. Many of the synapses make synaptic contacts with two or more post-synaptic elements. Axo-axonic synapses were also observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00315448
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Le cortex cérébral des malades atteints d'hydrocéphalie à pression normale (1976)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 34 (1976), S. 353-357 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Normal pressure hydrocephalus ; Human cerebral cortex ; Ultrastructure ; Extracellular space
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A cortical biopsy was taken at the time when ventricular pressure was measured, or a ventriculo-atrial shunt placed, in 11 patients with Normal Pressure Hyprocephalus (N.P.H.), and was studied with the electron microscope. In 9 cases, a rather typical electron microscopic picture with marked increase of extracellular space in an otherwise normal cortical neuropil was observed. 2 patients did not exhibit this pattern and, coincendentally, did not benefit from the placing of the shunt. As a control, about 600 cortical biopsies that had been taken for other reasons were reviewed. In the group, there were only 3 cortices that had a pattern of increased extracellular space similar to the described in N.P.H. On review of the clinico-pathologic data of these cases, it was felt that all 3 probably represented cases of normal pressure hydrocephalus. It is concluded that the ultrastructure of the cerebral cortex is of at least nosological interest in the study of N.P.H.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00696564
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Origin of sclerotia-like cells in submerged Claviceps purpurea producing clavine alkaloids (1976)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 107 (1976), S. 321-327 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Claviceps purpurea ; Saprophytic ; Clavine alkaloids ; Ultrastructure ; Extended hyphae ; Blastospores
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Ultrathin sectioning of submerged mycelium of Claviceps purpurea Tul. producing clavine alkaloids revealed yeast-like budding resulting in asexual sporesblastospores. These deciduous spores were born by extended hyphal cells and retained the same ultrastructure of cell organelles. Both the extended hyphae and the blastospores resembled the cells of ergot sclerotial tissue. A surface culture of C. purpurea Tul. producing no alkaloids was used as a reference.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00425347
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prevention by steroids of cerium hepatotoxicity (1976)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 35 (1976), S. 115-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Cerium ; Microsomal enzyme inducers ; Pregnenolone-16α-car-bonitrile ; Estradiol ; Fatty liver ; Ultrastructure ; Triglycerides ; Cerium ; Arzneimittelmetabolisierende Enzyme ; Pregneno-lon-16α-carbonitril „PCN“ ; Oestradiol ; Leberverfettung ; Elektronenmi-kroskopie ; Triglyceride
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Nach Vorbehandlung mit Steroiden und mit nicht steroidartigen Substanzen (Pregnenolon-16α-carbonitril „PCN“, Dexamethason, Spironolacton, Phenobarbital), welche die arzneimittelmetabolisierenden Enzyme der Leber stimulieren, und nach Oestradiol, wurde die Sterblichkeit und die Lebertoxicität der weiblichen Ratte erheblich verändert. PCN, Oestradiol, Dexamethason senken die hepatischen Triglyceride wesentlich, jedoch erhöht Dexamethason die Sensitivität der Tiere für CeCl3 bedeutend. Spironolacton und Phenobarbital üben keine große Wirkung auf die Triglyceride aus. Licht- und Elektronenmikroskopie zeigten, daß die durch CeCl3 hervorgerufenen hepatocellulären Veränderungen durch PCN, Oestradiol und Dexamethason bedeutend verringert wurden. Die Steroide dürften die Verteilung und die Bindung des Metalles an das endoplasmatische Reticulum verändern, und somit diese Membranen vor Cerium schützen.
    Notes: Abstract In female rats, the lethality and hepatotoxicity of cerous chloride (CeCl3) were significantly altered by pretreatment with steroidal and nonsteroidal compounds (pregnenolone-16α-carbonitrile “PCN”, dexamethasone, spironolactone, phenobarbital) that stimulate hepatic drug-metabolizing enzyme activity and by estradiol. PCN, estradiol, and dexamethasone considerably decreased hepatic triglycerides, but the latter steroid also greatly sensitized the animals to CeCl3 lethality. Spironolactone and phenobarbital similarly lowered the triglyceride level but not significantly. Light and electron microscopy indicated that the hepatocytic damage elicited by CeCl3 was decreased significantly by PCN, estradiol, and dexamethasone. The steroids may have altered the distribution and binding of the metal to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) thus protecting these membranes against the effect of cerium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00372765
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    Unusual cell structures in tumor-like formations of Gracilaria (Rhodophyta) (1976)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 108 (1976), S. 167-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Red algae ; Gracilaria verrucosa ; Tumor-like formations ; Ultrastructure ; Viruses ; Endoplasmic reticulum ; Plastids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract This paper deals with electron microscopic observations on cultivated plants of the marine red alga Gracilaria verrucosa which developed simple galls; also sea collected material, without galls, had been studied. The galls showed unusual but characteristic cell structures, caterpillar-like bodies, containing rows of fusiform bodies. These were found mostly in the cytoplasm near the plastids, in one case connected with the endoplasmic reticulum, occasionally even inside the nucleus, and are described here, as far as we know, for the first time. It does not seem probable that the caterpillar-like bodies represent mitochondria or bacteria, but the hypothesis that fusiform bodies are related to virus-like structures is discussed. The normal tissues as well as the gall tissue of the laboratory plants contained, besides plastids typical for the red algae, another type of plastids characterized by tubular thylakoids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00428947
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth of Nitrobacter in the presence of organic matter (1976)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 108 (1976), S. 305-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Nitrobacter agilis ; Chemoorganotrophic growth ; Acetate ; Formate ; Pyruvate ; Yeast extract-peptone ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract 1. After a resting period of up to 6 months cells of Nitrobacter agilis grow with acetate, formate, and pyruvate as carbon and energy source. Yeast extract and peptone were added to supply the organism with nitrogen and to meet possible vitamin requirements. 2. The length of the growth period depends on the substrate; it increases according to the following sequence: pyruvate, formate, acetate. The highest growth yield is observed with pyruvate, the lowest with formate. 3. O2 consumption is increased in the presence of substrates as compared to endogenous respiration. With pyruvate and acetate twice as much O2 is consumed, with formate 7 times, with yeast extractpeptone 10 times as much. 4. The ability of nitrite oxidation is largely preserved, except in cells grown with acetate or pyruvate in the presence of 0.015% yeast extract and peptone. Such cells have nearly no cytochrome a 1. Accordingly, the cytochrome spectra of nitrite oxidizers grown under chemoorganotrophic and lithoautotrophic conditions coincide qualitatively. 5. The nitrite oxidizing system is inducible. It is induced by nitrite but also by substances present in yeast extract and peptone. Cells grown on acetate and yeast extract and peptone (0.015%) require 3–4 weeks before they regain the ability to grow with nitrite. Cells grown chemoorganotrophically with the same substrates and yeast extract and peptone (0.15%) start growing with nitrite as energy source without a lag. 6. Cell size and form, distribution of storage materials, order and fine structure of double membranes are correlated with growth conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00454857
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    Isolation of a moderate halophilic ammonia-oxidizing bacterium, Nitrosococcus mobilis nov. sp. (1976)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 107 (1976), S. 277-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Nitrosococcus mobilis ; Ammonia oxidizing bacterium ; Morphology ; Ultrastructure ; Physiology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An ammonia-oxidizing bacterium was isolated from a sample of brackish water (North Sea, Harbour of Husum). It is a motile large coccus 1.5–1.7 μm in diameter. The extensive cytomembrane system occurring as flattened vesicles in the peripheral region of the cytoplasm and as intrusions into the center of the cytoplasm is to be emphasized as a characteristic mark of identification. The lithoauto-trophically growing bacterium turned out to be an obligate halophile. Because of its physiological and morphological properties, we assigned it to the genus Nitrosoccus and propose the name Nitrosococcus mobilis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00425339
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  • 20
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    Ultrastructure of infection of Cokeromyces recurvatus by Piptocephalis unispora (Mucorales) (1976)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 109 (1976), S. 277-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Ultrastructure ; Mucorales ; Piptocephalis ; Mycoparasitism ; Cokeromyces ; Yeastphase ; Appressorium ; Infection peg ; Penetration ; Haustorium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Infection of the mucoraceous host Cokeromyces recurvatus by Piptocephalis unispora was studied ultrastructurally, using a new technique involving yeast-phase cells of the host to obtain large numbers of infection sites for thin-sectioning. Morphologically, the haustorial apparatus was similar to that of fungi parasitic on higher plants, and comprised an appressorium, a neck region with a collar and a neck ring, and a lobed region surrounded by a sheath matrix enclosed in an extra-haustorial membrane. Penetration of the host by the infection peg probably involved both enzymatic degradation and physical pressure. Reaction of the host to infection is described and the results related to the theory of host infection by haustorial fungal parasites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00446639
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    An ammonia-oxidizing bacterium, Nitrosovibrio tenuis nov. gen. nov. sp. (1976)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 108 (1976), S. 105-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Ammonia oxidizing bacterium ; Nitrosovibrio tenuis ; Isolation ; Morphology ; Ultrastructure ; Physiology ; Taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An ammonia-oxidizing, autotroph growing, slender, curved rod was isolated from the soil of Hawaii. It is well distinguishable from any other nitrifying bacteria thus far described by their morphology. The cells are 1.1–3.0 μm long and 0.3–0.4 μm wide. They are motile by means of 1–4 subpolar to lateral flagella. In contrast to most of the ammonia-oxidizing bacteria the isolated vibrio is void of an extensive cytomembrane system. To categorize this not yet described species we propose to create the new genus Nitrosovibrio and to classify the isolated strain as Nitrosovibrio tenuis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00425099
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  • 22
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    Electronic Resource
    The protracted form of juvenile neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis (1976)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 36 (1976), S. 393-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Ceroid lipofuscinosis ; Juvenile or adult ; Protracted form ; Lipopigments ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Clinical and ultrastructural findings consisting of curvilinear and fingerprint residual bodies, in a protracted juvenile form of NCL are reported from a woman who died at the age of 35 years. Homochrony and homotypy of her brother's illness emphasize intrafamilial similarities within subgroups of lysosomal disorders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00699645
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  • 23
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    Electronic Resource
    Extraocular muscles light microscopy and ultrastructural features (1976)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 34 (1976), S. 237-253 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Strabismus ; Extraocular muscles ; Hirano bodies ; Ultrastructure ; Luse bodies ; Leptomeres
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Thirty extraocular muscles (EOM) from 20 patients were evaluated by light microscopy (LM), electron microscopy (EM), and enzyme histochemistry (EZH). Twenty-one EOM were obtained from 13 patients with strabismus, 9 EOM from 4 patients undergoing eye surgery for other reasons and from 3 autopsy cases. One μm thick sections revealed marked variation in muscle fibre shape and size and in myofibrillar structure; also noted were small, hypertrophied, whorled, and ringbinden fibres. Dense and granular material in the central portion of some fibres and sarcomere disruption in 2–3 μm sections was observed. EZH revealed the absence of the classical mosaic pattern usually found in skeletal muscles. ATPase studies were inconsistent and did not correlate with the expected reciprocal activity of NAD-H diaphorase, particularly on the large fibres. Ultrastructural features consisted of vacuoles within myofilament bundles, “smearing” of Z bands, and “nemaline rods”. Occasional myelin figures and lipid-like droplets were observed in subsarcolemmal spaces, associated with scattered clusters of glycogen granules. Abnormal mitochondria and subsarcolemmal inclusions of dense and granular material were conspicuous. “Leptomeric” profiles, “Zebra bodies”, or “striated bodies” were noted in 8 EOM's, and an Hirano body was found in 1. The intramuscular nerves contained structures resembling “Luse bodies” in 7 cases. These observations suggest that EOM from individuals with and without strabismus possess unique structural characteristics suggestive of developmental and morphological disarrangement of contractile elements. Some of these changes might play a role in the pathogenesis of strabismus and in the development of clinical symptoms. These features are significantly different from striated skeletal muscle. Therefore the criteria used in the pathological evaluation and diagnosis of skeletal muscle disorders cannot be unequivocally applied to EOM investigations. These data establish the necessity to determine histological norms, ultrastructural patterns, and develop new enzyme histochemistry criteria for the evaluation of EOM. Only then can an acceptable comparison of EOM and skeletal muscle be made.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688678
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    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural changes in blood vessels of peripheral nerves in leprosy neuropathy (1976)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 35 (1976), S. 159-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Leprosy neuropathy ; Ultrastructure ; Angiopathy ; Basement membrane ; “Blood-nerve barrier”
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Radial or superficial peroneal nerve biopsies of 6 patients with tuberculoid or borderline-tuberculoid leprosy and 6 control nerve biopsies were examined by electron microscopy. Endoneurial blood vessels showed histopathology in all the leprosy patients. Changes, in particular, involved the basement membrane in postcapillary venules and venules. Multilayered parellel basement membranes, with collagen and ground substance, formed a thick coat (“hyaline zone”) around the vessels. It is suggested that the zone inhibits passage of nutrients and metabolites and, thus, contributes to or is the main cause of the local destruction of (unmyelinated) nerve fibres and the lack of nerve fibre regeneration observed in this type of leprosy. The perivascular zone, presumably, is produced by pericytes in response to defects in the “blood-nerve barrier” of endoneurial vessels. In granulomata of leprosy skin lesions, a perivascular zone was not present. The endothelium of endoneurial vessels, in affected nerves, generallywas normal. Occasionally, however, gaps and fenestrations were seen and there were histological indications that leakage of blood plasma had occurred through the gaps and through the basement membrane of the endothelium. Occlusion of endoneurial vessels was found only in the oldest patient and the degeneration of nerve fibres generally observed thus is considered not to be caused by ischaemia. Histopathology in epi-and perineurial vessels was definitely less pronounced than in endoneurial vessels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00690562
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    Electronic Resource
    Dense core mitochondria in peripheral ganglia of man (1976)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 36 (1976), S. 85-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Mitochondrial inclusions ; Mitochondria ; Peripheral ganglia ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Neuronal perikarya of peripheral ganglia contained unusual dense core mitochondria that were not seen in other cell types or tissues of the same individual. They were found in several patients autopsied with GM1-gangliosidosis and neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis. Previous observations on human sympathetic ganglia, obtained by biopsy, and our findings suggest that these dense core mitochondria might represent a rare but regular feature of neuronal perikarya in peripheral ganglia of man.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00685151
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    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative ultrastructural observations on the inhibited recovery of the hypoglossal nucleus from the axotomy response when regeneration of the hypoglossal nerve is prevented (1976)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 26 (1976), S. 141-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Rat ; Hypoglossal nucleus ; Inhibited regeneration ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Electron micrographs of the left hypoglossal nucleus were quantitatively analyzed in adult rats 52 to 98 days after transection of the left hypoglossal nerve and implantation of the proximal stump into the already innervated ipsilateral sternomastoid muscle, a procedure which prevented the transected nerve from regenerating. Many presynaptic boutons with clear spherical synaptic vesicles and symmetrical synapses were lost from the injured perikarya and dendrites. Some perikarya and dendrites (and, rarely, boutons) became electron dense, and astrocyte or microglial sheaths partly surrounded them. Numbers of dendrite profiles in the neuropil decreased. These statistically significant effects persisted throughout the postoperative period, whereas after axotomy with unimpeded nerve regeneration, these features would have returned to normal by 84 days postoperatively. It was therefore suggested that their recovery depended upon successful regeneration and reconnection of the hypoglossal nerve with the tongue. Subsurface cisterns, and profiles containing unusual inclusions, were numerically normal 52 to 98 days postoperatively, so it was suggested that their early response and recovery after simple axotomy might be entirely dependent on nerve disconnection and not on nerve reconnection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238278
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    The ultrastructure of the zygospore in Endogone flammicorona Trappe & Gerdemann (1976)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 59 (1976), S. 117-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Ultrastructure ; Zygospore ; Mycorrhizal fungus ; Flaming crown
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The ultrastructural organization of the spores of the sporocarp of Endogone flammicorona was studied. Two types of organization are described. Initially the spore possessed a vacuolate protoplasm and was bound by two cell wall layers. The spore was surrounded by a hyphal mantle formed of a sheet of vacuolized hyphae with uniformly thin walls. Secondly, although the ultrastructural features of the spore appeared the same, it was now surrounded by a hyphal mantle with unevenly thickened walls (i. e., the so-called flaming crown) due to the gradual and irregular deposition of granules and lamellae. This crown gives the spore its most commonly observed morphological feature and is the preminent character employed taxonomically to speciate Endogone flammicorona Trappe & Gerdemann.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00493564
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    The discrimination of nine different types of synaptic boutons in the fundus striati (nucleus accumbens septi) (1976)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 168 (1976), S. 489-505 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Fundus striati ; Cat ; Nine bouton types ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary An attempt has been made to discriminate additional types of synapses than have been previously described in the nucleus accumbens septi of the cat, which can, according to Brockhaus (1942), justifiably be termed the fundus striati due to the fact that it possesses all of the morphological and some of the neurochemical features of the striatum. This was undertaken in order to correlate at least one type of synapse with each different afferent pathway. Nine distinct types of synapses could be differentiated electron microscopically: Type I: axo-spinous synapses with sparse, small, round vesicles which seemed to be the nigro-striatal endings (35%). Type II: axo-somatic or axo-dendritic en passant synapses containing small, round vesicles (3%). Type III: axo-spinous synapses filled with densely-packed, small, round vesicles displaying strong postsynaptic thickenings which seem to be corticostriatal (17%). Type IV: large axo-spinous synapses with densely-arranged, small, round vesicles contacting larger spines branching off a pedicle (9%). Type V: axo-somatic or axo-dendritic synapses containing large pleomorphic vesicles, probably axon collaterals (1%). Type VI: axo-somatic or axo-dendritic synapses with elongated small vesicles (20×45 nm) (3%). Type VII: large axo-somatic or axo-dendritic synapses filled by denselypacked, small, round vesicles (11%). Type VIII: large axo-somatic or axo-dendritic synapses containing loosely-arranged, small, round vesicles (8%). Type IX: axo-somatic or axo-dendritic synapses containing large, round vesicles in a translucent axoplasm (13%).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00215999
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    Ultrastructural study on the hypothalamic-hypophysial-adrenal axis in fetal rats (1976)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 168 (1976), S. 549-559 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Hypothalamic-hypophysial-adrenal axis ; Rat ; Development ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The adrenal glands of decapitated and encephalectomized fetal rats were investigated electron microscopically and compared to those of normal intact fetal rats. Although the adrenal cortices did not show three zones (zona glomerulosa, fasciculata, and reticularis) on the 16.5th day of gestation when the decapitation or encephalectomy was carried out in utero, the zonation was recognized in fetuses operated on the 21.5th day of gestation. The same was true for normal control fetuses. However, cytoplasmic characteristics suggesting steroidogenesis in the cortical cells were reduced to various degrees in the encephalectomized or decapitated fetuses, especially in the latter ones. The change in cytoplasmic appearance was more conspicuous in the inner portion of the cortex. This result suggests that for the maintenance of normal adrenocortical function the hypothalamus may be indispensable even during the prenatal life of rats.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00216002
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    Permeability of the amphibian pars intermedia to peroxidase injected intravascularly (1976)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 173 (1976), S. 401-406 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Pars intermedia ; Ultrastructure ; Peroxidase ; Stellate cell
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary To study the penetration of protein from the blood into and through the pars intermedia of anurans, the electron-dense tracer, horseradish peroxidase (HRP), was injected into the vascular system of the frog, Rana pipiens. Pinocytotic vesicles were seen along plasma membranes of the stellate cells abutting the pericapillary spaces between the pars intermedia and pars nervosa. The HRP was seen within both the pericapillary spaces and these pinocytotic vesicles. In addition, the HRP was very prominent in the extracellular spaces between adjacent stellate and/or MSH cells and around nerve endings and thus, appeared to move from the vascular spaces and into the interior of the pars intermedia. Therefore, the poorly vascularized pars intermedia may have such a route for transfer of materials throughout the gland.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00220327
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    Comparative ultrastructural study of the effects of serum-free medium and dibutyryl-cyclic AMP on newborn rat astroblasts (1976)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 167 (1976), S. 221-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Glial Cells ; Cyclic AMP ; Differentiation ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Modifications of cell shape induced in cultured newborn rat astroblasts by serum deprivation or dibutyryladenosine 3′–5′ monophosphate (dBcAMP) are described. Serum suppression modifies the adhesivity of the cells to the substrate, but this modification is not consistent with a true differentiation. The main ultrastructural feature of dBcAMP-treated astroblasts is the presence of an extensive system of 90 Å microfilaments, while control cells are relatively devoid of these structures.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224329
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  • 32
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    Ultrastructure of the corneal nerves in the Rat (1976)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 172 (1976), S. 133-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Cornea ; Nerves ; Rat ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructure of the corneal nerves of the rat was studied in tissue fixed by immersion in and by perfusion with glutaraldehyde-containing fixatives. Of the four types of axonal terminal identified in the nerves, those with the features of adrenergic and cholinergic terminals were confined to the nerves at the limbus and were concentrated in the perivascular plexuses. The remaining two types of terminal were found on axons located in all parts of the cornea and on both intraepithelial axons and axons in the stromal nerves. Of these, one contained the numerous mitochondria which occur in the terminals of axons associated with known mechanoreceptors and the second contained variable and often small numbers of both clear and large dense-cored vesicles. While most of the mitochondria-containing terminals were seen in nerves located near the periphery, vesicle-containing terminals were numerous in all of the nerves, and especially in those in the avascular cornea. In material fixed by immersion in glutaraldehyde-paraformaldehyde, the vesicle-containing terminals appeared to be dilated, but in material fixed by perfusion there was little evidence of any increase in the diameter of the axons in the terminal regions. The structure of the terminals was compared with that of the terminals of axons identified in the nerves of the skin and the urinary tract and the differences in the vesicle content of the terminals to those reported in other studies of the corneal nerves was related to the use of different fixation procedures. The possibility that axons possessing such terminals are identical with the beaded axons and both the cholinesterase-positive and fluorescent axons demonstrated in light microscopical studies of the corneal nerves is discussed, and the widespread distribution of the axons in the cornea is equated with the hypothesis that they are afferent in nature and represent the peripheral receptors for pain impulses.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00226054
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    The effects of testosterone, 5α-dihydrotestosterone, 3α-androstanediol, and 3β-androstanediol on epithelial fine structure of the rabbit epididymis in organ culture (1976)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 167 (1976), S. 493-514 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Epididymis ; Rabbit ; Organ culture ; Androgens ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The fine structure of the corpus epididymidis of the rabbit has been studied following organ culture. Various modifications of tissue preparation and culture conditions were examined to obtain good maintenance of cellular integrity as well as to preserve sperm fertilizing ability. After 5 to 7 days in culture in the absence of hormonal support, the epididymal epithelium showed signs indicative of cellular regression. Such changes included shrinkage of the cells, loss of the border of stereocilia, decrease in smooth endoplasmic reticulum, and an increase in autophagic vacuoles. The presence of androgens in culture media prevented cellular regression to varying degrees, depending on the hormone utilized. With regard to maintenance of cellular integrity, potency of the androgens tested was as follows: 5α-dihydrotestosterone 〉= 3α-androstanediol 〉 testosterone 〉 3β-androstanediol. Addition of insulin to dihydrotestosterone-containing cultures resulted in no improvement in maintenance. Phagocytosis of spermatozoa by epithelial cells was observed in cultured tubules and the degree of spermiophagy was inversely proportional to successful maintenance of fine structural characteristics of epithelial cells. The morphological findings reported here correlate well with the fertilizing ability of spermatozoa from cultured epididymis as reported in an accompanying communication.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00215180
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    Dedication (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 1-1 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070102
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    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prüfung von Flanschverbindungen in GFK-Rohrleitungen NW 200 durch Kurz- und Langzeitbeanspruchung - Teil I: DichtverhaltenHerrn Dir. Dr.-Ing. Kurt Richard zum 65. Geburtstag gewidmet (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 12-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Testing of flanged joints in GRP pipelines of 200 mm nominal diameter by means of short-term and long-term stressing. Part I: Sealing behaviour. The first part of this report deals with the sealing behaviour of joints with fixed and loose flanges in GRP pipelines of 200 mm nominal diameter. Tests were made with seven different flanges from three manufacturers and four different types of sealing rings. At room temperature the spring rate of the GRP flanges amounted to between 8% and 18% of that of welded steel flanges and at a temperature of 80°C within the pipe it was 5% to 16% of that of the steel flanges. Of the sealing rings tested a bulged soft rubber ring with steel reinforcement was found to have the flattest resilience characteristic and required the least bolt force to produce a tight joint under operational conditions. Its relaxation rate was low after low bolt force had been applied and increased rapidly when the initial bolt force was increased to higher values. Because of their lower spring rates, the GRP flanges sealed with this ring required 2.5 to 3.5 times as much initial bolt force as welded steel flanges. In an 1100-hour creep test at 80°C internal temperature and 10 bar internal pressure, a joint consisting of loose steel flanges and GRP shoulders exhibited considerably less loss of initial force than a fixed GRP flanged joint. Because losses of initial force increase at a disproportionately high rate as the force is raised, high initial force would not seem to increase remarkably the reliability of the seal in the long term. Since rigid flanges require less initial force than less rigid ones, high spring rate appears desirable. Apparently it could best be achieved by loose steel flanges with GRP shoulders. The results of the strength tests will be presented in the second part of this report.
    Notes: Der erste Teil dieser Arbeit befaßt sich mit dem Dichtverhalten von GFK-Fest- und -Losflanschen NW 200 dreier Hersteller sowie von vier verschiedenen Dichtungen. Die Federrate der GFK-Flansche betrug bei Raumtemperatur 8% bis 18% und bei 80°C Innentemperatur 5% bis 16% der Federrate von Vorschweißflanschen aus Stahl. Von den untersuchten Dichtungen hatte eine ballige Weichgummidichtung mit Stahleinlage die flachste Kennlinie und benötigte die niedrigste Betriebsdichtungskraft. Ihre Relaxationsgeschwindigkeit war bei niedrigen Dichtungskräften gering und nahm bei höheren Kräften stark zu. Die GFK-Flansche erforderten wegen ihrer geringeren Federrate mit dieser Dichtung eine 2,5- bis 3,5mal höhere Vorspannkraft als Stahl-Vorschweißflansche. In einem 1100-h-Zeitstandversuch bei 80°C Innentemperatur und 10 bar Innendruck des Prüfkörpers hatte eine GFK-Losflanschverbindung mit Stahlringen wesentlich geringere Vorspannungsverluste als eine GFK-Festflanschverbindung. Wegen der mit der Dichtungskraft überproportional steigenden Vorspannungsverluste dürften hohe Vorspannkräfte die Sicherheit gegen Leckwerden auf Dauer wenig erhöhen. Da steife Flansche eine geringere Vorspannung als weniger steife benötigen, erscheint eine hohe Federrate erstrebenswert. Sie dürfte sich am ehesten bei Losflanschen aus Stahl mit GFK-Bunden erreichen lassen. Die Ergebnisse der Festigkeitsuntersuchungen werden im zweiten Teil dieser Arbeit mitgeteilt.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070105
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  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identifikation röntgenographischer Pulverdiagramme mit dem TischcomputerHerrn Dir. Dr.-Ing. Kurt Richard zum 65. Geburtstag gewidmet (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 38-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Identification of X-Ray powder diffraction patterns with the mini-computer. A description is given of a programme for identifying X-ray diffraction patterns of multiphase, polycrystalline materials with the minicomputer Wang 720 C. It is determined by the identification strategy, the identification criterion and the Δd(d) function which describes the permissible variation between the measured d values and those laid down in accordance with ASTM material data cards in the magnetic tape file. In the course of these investigations the partially erroneous and often also incomplete information provided by this file in respect of relevant material data proved in particular to be the decisive factor for the limitation of the reliability of the identification result.The efficiency of the programme is demonstrated by means of characteristic examples. In conclusion, the prospects for the future development of this programme are discussed.
    Notes: Es wird ein Programm zur Identifikation von Röntgenbeugungsdiagrammen mehrphasiger, polykristalliner Stoffe mit dem Tischcomputer Wang 720 C beschrieben. Seine bestimmenden Größen sind die Identifikationsstrategie, das Identifikationskriterium und die Δd(d)-Funktion, die die zulässige Abweichung zwischen den gemessenen und den in der Magnetband-Datei nach ASTM-Stoffdatenkarten festgelegten d-Werten vorgibt. Im Verlauf dieser Untersuchungen erwiesen sich insbesondere die z. T. fehlerhaften und nicht selten auch unvollständigen Angaben dieser Kartei bei relevanten Stoffdaten als der entscheidende Faktor für die Begrenzung der Zuverlässigkeit des Identifikationsergebnisses.An charakteristischen Beispielen wird die Leistungsfähigkeit des Programms demonstriert. Abschließend wird ein Ausblick auf die Weiterentwicklung dieses Programms gegeben.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070108
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    Electronic Resource
    Metallphysik. Von G. E. R. Schulze. 2. überarbeitete Auflage, Springer-Verlag, Wien, New York 1974, 480 Seiten, 277 Bilder, Gebunden 98,-DM (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 123-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070309
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  • 38
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    Electronic Resource
    Moderne Verfahren der Oberflächenanalyse. Von Dechema, Deutsche Gesellschaft für chemisches Apparatewesen e. V. Dechema-Monographien, Band 78, Nr. 1537-1548. 1. Auflage, Verlag Chemie GmbH, Weinheim/Bergstraße. 1975, 297 Seiten, zahlr Bilder zahlr. Iabellen, DIN A 5, Ln. Preis DM 57,75 für Mitglieder der DECHEMA, DM 72,20 für Nichtmitglieder (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 123-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070311
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  • 39
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    Electronic Resource
    Die Phosphatierung von Metallen. Von Werner Rausch und Mitarbeitern. Eugen G. Leutze Verlag, Saulgau/Württ. 1. Auflage, 1974. 344 Seiten, 137 Bilder, 105 Tabellen (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 123-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070313
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  • 40
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    Electronic Resource
    High Temperature Materials in Gas Turbines. Von P. R. Sahm und M. O. Speidel. 1. Auflage, Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, Amsterdam. 1974, 388 Seiten, zahlreiche Bilder. Ln. 38,50 U$ (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 123-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070314
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  • 41
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    Electronic Resource
    Grundlagen des Festigkeits-und Bruchverhaltens. Von W. Dahl, Aachen. 1. Auflage, Verlag Stahleisen m.b.H., 4 Düsseldorf 1, 1974, 284 Seiten, 465 Bilder, 12 Tafeln, DIN A4, 88,-DM (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 124-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070317
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  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Veranstaltungshinweise (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. A67 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070410
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  • 43
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    Electronic Resource
    Untersuchungen über gestaltungsbedingte Einflüsse auf die BauteilzähigkeitHerrn Dir. Dr.-Ing. Kurt Richard zum 65. Geburtstag gewidmet (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 2-7 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Tests on influence of shape to structural member toughness. Supplementary to former work on temperature depending toughness of boiler plate and low temperature steel vessels, influences of shape and manufacturing are investigated with model vessels of a different design, made of boiler plate. The expected influences seem to be evident only with regard to bursting behaviour of the vessels depending on temperature, whilst toughness behaviour may be estimated - without dependence on shape - by materials property data (crack arrest temperature and impact transition temperature).
    Notes: Ergänzend zu früheren Arbeiten über die temperaturabhängige Zähigkeit von Modellbehältern aus Kesselblech und aus Tieftemperaturstahl werden hier an Behältern anderer Konstruktionsform aus Kesselblech zusätzlich Einflüsse der Gestaltung und der Fertigung untersucht. Dabei zeigt sich, daß diese Einflüsse sich offenbar nur auf die Haltbarkeit der Behälter und den Verlauf des Berstdrucks über der Temperatur auswirken, daß aber die Verformungsreserve und damit das Zähigkeitsverhalten unabhängig davon aufgrund von Werkstoffkennwerten (Rißauffangtemperatur und Kerbschlagübergangstemperatur) abgeschätzt werden kann.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070103
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  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diskussion: Kompaktverbundwerkstoff und Schicht-Grundwerkstoff-Verbundsysteme (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 314-315 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070905
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  • 45
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    Electronic Resource
    Mechanische Verträglichkeit bei VerbundwerkstoffenDer Fachausschuß „Verbundwerkstoffe“ der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Metallkunde hat zu Beginn der Tagung „Verbundwerkstoffe“ in Konstanz (31. März bis 2. April 1976) im Rahmen einer separaten Diskussionsveranstaltung den Themenkreis „Mechanische Verträglichkeit bei Verbundwerkstoffen“ behandelt. Mit diesem Workshop wurde das Ziel angestrebt, Probleme der mechanischen Verträglichkeit aus verschiedenen Blickrichtungen zu beleuchten, zukünftige Forschungs- und Entwicklungsarbeiten anzuregen und Wissenschaftlern und Technikern einen Überblick über dieses Gebiet der Materialforschung zu geben (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 305-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: The Mechanical Compatibility of Composite Components. The mechanical interactions between the components of a composite material are governed by the elastic constants, the strength and the plastic deformation behavior of the components. They can be furthermore influenced by the coefficients of thermal expansion and by the bond strength between the components. The extent of mechanical compatibility depends on the structure of the composite material and on its processing technique and practical application. This paper gives an introduction to a series of papers on the mechanical compatibility presented in a workshop meeting at Konstanz.
    Notes: Die Mechanische Verträglichkeit bewertet das Verhalten von Materialkomponenten in einem Verbundsystem. Die mechanischen Wechselwirkungen bei Verbundwerkstoffen werden einerseits durch die elastischen Konstanten, die Festigkeit und das plastische Formänderungsvermögen der einzelnen Komponenten bestimmt und andererseits durch Unterschiede in den thermischen Ausdehnungskoeffizienten und durch die Haftfestigkeit zwischen den Komponenten festgelegt. Bei der Beurteilung der mechanischen Verträglichkeit spielt die Art des Verbundwerkstoffs und der äußeren Beanspruchung eine wesentliche Rolle. Diese Arbeit gibt eine Einführung in die Probleme der mechanischen Verträglichkeit, die in einem Workshop der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Metallkunde in den Themenkreisen Grundlagen, Meßmethoden und Beeinflussung des Werkstoffverhaltens ausführlich behandelt werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070902
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  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bemerkungen zur Frage der mechanischen Verträglichkeit von Verbundwerkstoffen (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 316-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070906
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  • 47
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    Electronic Resource
    Diskussion: Spannungsanalyse und Methode der finiten Elemente (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 323-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070909
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  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diskussion: Dilatometrie und mechanische Meßmethoden (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 332-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070912
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  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanische Verträglichkeit von Schichtverbundstoffen im Hochtemperatur-Korrosionsfall (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 338-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070915
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  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanische Verträglichkeit bei Verbundwerkstoffen - Naßkorrosion (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 340-343 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Mechanical compatibility of metallic composites. Corrosion in aqueous media. As a main condition for corrosion in aqueous media between components of a composite material, both components have to be touched by an invironmental wed atmosphere or of a fluid. If this condition is given contact corrosion can take place with any composite, independent of the mechanical compatibility of the components. Crevice corrosion is possible too if mechanical incompatibility (or extern loads) causes cracks between the components; stress corrosion cracking is possible as well. Stainless steel vires, for instance, can not reinforce the composit if attached by SCC. The other kinds of corrosion mostly dammage the matrix, which also reduces properties of the composit.Examples are given of possible kinds of corrosion for some fiber reinforced metallic composites and for metal laminates.
    Notes: Das Auftreten von Naßkorrosion zwischen den Komponenten eines Verbundwerkstoffs setzt voraus, daß beide Komponenten der umgebenden feuchten Atmosphäre oder einer umgebenden Flüssigkeit zugänglich sind. In diesem Fall kann bei jedem metallischen Verbund - faserig, lamellar oder geschichtet - und unabhängig von der mechanischen Verträglichkeit Kontaktkorrosion ausgelöst werden. Entstehen durch Unverträglichkeit (oder durch äußere Einflüsse) Risse, so kann Spaltkorrosion hinzukommen; und bei Eigenspannungen, wie auch bei äußeren Spannungen, kann Spannungsrißkorrosion beobachtet werden, sofern eine der Komponenten dagegen anfällig ist. Austenitische Stahldrähte z. B. neigen zu SpRK und können damit ihren Verstärkungseffekt einbüßen. Auch die anderen Korrosionsarten, die meist zu Lasten des Matrix- oder Grundwerkstoffs gehen, mindern in jedem Fall die Eigenschaften des Verbundes.Für einige Beispiele heute gebräuchlicher Verbundwerkstoffe werden die möglichen Korrosionsarten tabellarisch zusammengestellt.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070916
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  • 51
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    Thermische Ermüdung (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 353-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070921
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  • 52
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    Electronic Resource
    Nachrichten-Personalie (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. A107 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070923
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  • 53
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    Bestimmung des Elastizitätsmoduls aus der Nachgiebigkeit angerissener Bruchmechanik-Proben (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 364-367 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Determining the moduls of elasticity from the compliance of precracked specimens. A new method is described which allows the determination of the modulus of elasticity of solid materials. Compliance tests with precracked fracture mechanics specimens in a simple tensile test machine yield accurate measurements of the modulus of elasticity in the orientation and material condition desired for fracture mechanics calculations.
    Notes: Es wird über ein neues Meßverfahren berichtet, den Elastizitätsmodul von Werkstoffen zu bestimmen. Es ist an einfachen Zerreißmaschinen durchzuführen und gibt Meßwerte des Elastizitätsmoduls in der für bruchmechanische Untersuchungen gewünschten Probenorientierung, Materialbeschaffenheit und Genauigkeit.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760071005
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  • 54
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    Electronic Resource
    Der Einfluß der Porosität auf einige Eigenschaften von Wolfram/Kupfer-Kontaktwerkstoffen (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 376-380 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: The Influence of Porosity on a Few Properties of Tungsten/Copper Contact Materials. An investigation has been carried out on the influence of the amount of residual porosity on the electrical and mechanical properties of infiltrated tungsten/copper materials. By means of adding different quantities of infiltrating metal materials with a tungsten content of approximately 70 wt.% containing between 0,2 and 30% pores were produced. The following properties were measured for the different material specimens: are erosion rate, electrical conductivity, Vickers hardness number, and notch impact toughness. The arc erosion rate is not noticeably increased by pore contents up to 4%, all the other properties, however, are influenced considerably even by the smallest amount of measurable residual porosity. Thus it has to be concluded that infiltration with a slightly smaller quantity of infiltrating metal than that necessary to attain a pore-free material - a technique used occasionally in order to avoid the necessity of finishing the infiltrated parts - will lead to changes in quality.
    Notes: Es wird die für die praktische Fertigung von W/Cu-Tränkwerkstoffen wichtige Frage untersucht, inwieweit Restporositäten von Einfluß auf die elektrischen und mechanischen Eigenschaften sind. An Werkstoffen mit ca. 70 Gew.% Wolfram werden durch abgestufte Tränkmetallzugaben unterschiedliche Porositäten zwischen 0,2 und ca. 30% eingestellt und die Eigenschaften Abbrandverhalten im Hochstromlichtbogen, elektrische Leitfähigkeit, Vickershärte und Kerbschlagzähigkeit gemessen. Während Restporositäten bis zu 4% noch keine Erhöhung des Abbrandes bewirken, zeigen die übrigen Eigenschaften schon von kleinsten Porenanteilen an einen deutlichen Abfall. Die manchmal angewandte Fertigungsweise, durch geringe Unterschußtränkung eine mechanische Nachbearbeitung der Tränkteile zu vermeiden, ist mit den im Bericht aufgezeigten Qualitätsänderungen verbunden.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760071007
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    Werkstoff  -  Konstruktion  -  Fertigung. Eine Berichtsreihe zur angewandten Werkstoffkunde für Studium und Praxis (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 390-391 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760071009
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  • 56
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    Kurze Informationen (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 392-392 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760071010
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  • 57
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    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760071101
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  • 58
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    Das Schadensbild bei Kavitations-Korrosion von Reinaluminium Al 99,5 (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 409-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Cavitation-Corrosion - Types of Damage on the Surface of Pure Aluminium. By scanning electron microscope studies the development and propagation of plastic deformation and other types of damage are investigated.
    Notes: Mit Hilfe des Rasterelektronenmikroskopes werden die Ausbildung und der Fortschritt einer Werkstoffschädigung von Reinaluminium bei Kavitationsbeanspruchung studiert.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760071105
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  • 59
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    Problemlösungen durch Schichtverbundwerkstoffe in der ElektrotechnikVortrag anläßlich der Tagung „Verbandwerkstoffe“ der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Metallkunde vom 31. März bis 2. April 1976 in Konstanz (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 413-417 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Clad Metals for Electrical Engineering. Materials with optimum properties for conducting springs can be produced by cladding a metallic sheat of high electrical conductivity between two sheats of a metal with high stiffness.Using suitable cladding components, thermo bi metals with different electrical resistance can be produced without essential variation of deflection and force. With this it is possible, to use groups of devices with uniform mechanical construction for different currents, which means a good technical as well as economic solution.High prices of noble metal based contact materials have led to the production of contact bimetals some years ago. Inspite of higher production costs these materials can be used very economically.
    Notes: Durch geeignete Anordnung hochfester und hochleitfähiger Komponenten in einem Schichtverbundwerkstoff lassen sich Werkstoffe mit optimalen Eigenschaften für stromführende Federn herstellen. Durch Verwendung geeigneter Plattierungskomponenten können Thermobimetalle mit unterschiedlichem elektrischen Widerstand ohne wesentliche Veränderung der Ausbiegung und der Kraftwirkung hergestellt werden. Somit ist es möglich, Gerätegruppen mit gleichem mechanischen Grundaufbau für verschiedene Stromstärken zu verwenden und damit technisch und wirtschaftlich günstige Problemlösungen zu erzielen.Der hohe Preis der Kontaktwerkstoffe auf Edelmetallbasis führte schon vor vielen Jahren zur Herstellung von Kontaktbimetallen. Trotz höherer Formkosten sind diese Werkstoffe in den meisten Fällen besonders wirtschaftlich einsetzbar.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760071106
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  • 60
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    Electronic Resource
    Nachrichten-Hinweise (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. A126 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760071202
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  • 61
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    Jahrbuch Oberflächentechnik 1976. Von H.-W. Lieber, G. Oelsner und W. Riedel (Redaktion). Band 32, Metall-Verlag GmbH, 1 Berlin 33 1976, 450 Seiten, zahlr. Bilder, zahlr. Tabellen, DIN A 5, Kunststoffeinband, 49,60 DM (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 452-452 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760071206
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  • 62
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    Untersuchungen zur Zeitstandfestigkeit von Thermoplast-Rohren unter Chemikalieneinwirkung (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 429-437 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Investigations on long term strength of thermoplastic tubes in chemical media. Mechanical long term behaviour of plastics is influenced by environmental media, similar to stress corrosion cracking of metals. Therefore chemical resistance is not to be seen only by immersion tests but has to be found by long term tests under both, mechanical and chemical loading. The paper deals with a test method which shows shortening of the time for rupture of small tube specimens loaded by internal pressure after being filled with the medium.Examples are given for interpretation of results obtained in an international test program.
    Notes: Ähnlich der Spannungsrißkorrosion bei Metallen beobachtet man bei Kunststoffen unter Einwirkung chemischer Agenzien eine Änderung des zeitabhängigen Festigkeitsverhaltens. Zur Beurteilung der chemischen Beständigkeit sollte daher das Ergebnis von Immersionsversuchen nur für eine Vorauswahl herangezogen werden, während für die konstruktive Verwendung die Zeitstandfestigkeit in dem Umgebungsmedium ermittelt werden muß. Hierfür wird ein Prüfverfahren gezeigt, das mit Hilfe von Rohr-Innendruckversuchen an kleinen Probekörpern die Standzeitverkürzung durch das Medium erkennen läß; als Bezugsgröße wird die Zeitstandfestigkeit in Wasser bei der betreffenden Prüftemperatur herangezogen. Ist eine Wasserkurve noch nicht vorhanden oder liegt die vollständige Zeitstandkurve für das Medium noch nicht vor, so kann aus den Langzeitversuchen immerhin eine Abschätzung der Lebensdauer und eine Entscheidung über die Verwendbarkeit des Kunststoffes in dem Medium getroffen werden. Anhand von Beispielen aus einem auf internationaler Basis angelegten Untersuchungsprogramm werden der Aussagewert der Prüfmethode und die Interpretationsmöglichkeit dargelegt.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760071204
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  • 63
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    An Introduction to Metallurgy. Von A. Cottrell. 2. Auflage, Edward Arnold (Publishers) Ltd., London. 1975, 548 Seiten, zahl. Bilder, zahlr. Tabellen, kartoniert. 5,- Ł (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 452-452 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760071209
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  • 64
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    IR-Spektroskopie-taschentext 43/44. Von H. Günzler und H. Böck. Studienbücher der Instrumentellen Analytik, herausgg. von -E. Fuhr. Verlag Chemie GmbH, Weinheim. 1975. XV, 363 Seiten mit 152 Abb. und 50 Tab. Brosch. DM 38,- (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 452-452 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760071208
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  • 65
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    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070701
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  • 66
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    Millionen fü Förderung Physikalischer Technologien VDI übernahm Projektträgerschaft vom BMFT (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. A83 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070613
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  • 67
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    Zur weltweiten internationalen Normungsarbeit im Rahmen der ISO (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. A88 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070703
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  • 68
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    Wärmespannungen in dickwandigen Bauteilen (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 236-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Thermal stresses in thick-walled structures. The thermal stresses in typical components of chemical apparatus (plate, cylindrical shell) are calculated for nonuniform temperature distribution. The „exact“ results of the three-dimensional theory obtained by finite element method are compared with the results of the classical theories for thin structures. It is recognizable when an extensive analysis is necessary and when the stresses may be calculated by the relatively simple equations of thin structures theory.
    Notes: Für typische Bauteile des Apparatebaus (Scheibe, Platte, Schale) wurden die Wärmespannungen infolge ungleichmäßiger Temperaturverteilung mit Hilfe finiter Elemente berechnet. Diese „exakten“ Ergebnisse der dreidimensionalen Theorie werden mit den Werten verschiedener Näherungstheorien verglichen. Damit wird erkennbar, in welchen Fällen man umfangreiche Rechnungen durch führen muß bzw. wann die Spannungen aus einfachen Näherungsformeln gewonnen werden können.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070705
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  • 69
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    Werkstoff  -  Konstruktion  -  Fertigung. Eine Berichtsreihe zur angewandten Werkstoffkunde für Studium und Praxis (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 261-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070710
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  • 70
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    Electronic Resource
    Nachrichten-Hinweise (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. A128 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760071203
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  • 71
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    Nachrichten-Hinweise (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. A131 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760071211
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  • 72
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    Korrosionsverhütung im Schweißnahtbereich nichtrostender austenitischer StähleTeilweise vorgetragen auf der gemeinsamen Sondertagung des Deutschen Verbandes fü Schweißtechnik und des Technischen Überwachungsvereines Bayern e. V. „Schweißen von Behältern und Rohrleitungen“, 29. bis 31. Januar 1975 in München.Herrn Dir. Dr.-Ing. Kurt Richard zum 65. Geburtstag gewidmet (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 32-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Transkristalline Spannungsrißkorrosion an mechanisch überarbeiteten Schweißnähten und Lochfraß im Bereich von Schweißzunder können durch eine angepaßte Beizbehandlung vermieden werden. Unter Schweißzunder, welche beim Beizen zwar gelockert aber nicht entfernt wurde, entsteht bei der anschließenden Spülung mit Wasser schon eine gute Passivschicht, so daß an schwer zugänglichen Stellen auf eine mechanische Beseitigung des noch lose anhaftenden Zunders verzichtet werden kann. Auch sand- und kugelgestrahlte Flächen müssen in der Regel nachträglich gebeizt werden, wenn eine gute Passivität erforderlich ist. Anlauffarben zeigende Flecken auf den Nähten längsgeschweißter Rohre sind für Lochfraß bevorzugt anfällig und müssen gegebenenfalls durch Beizen entfernt werden. Die spaltbehafteten Rohreinschweißungen an Rohrbündel-Wärmeaustauschern lassen sich normalerweise nicht sicher beizen. Dem diesbezüglichen Vorteil der spaltfreien Rohreinschweißung steht bei verschiedenen Stahlqualitäten der Nachteil gegenüber, daß unter den erforderlichen Schweißbedingungen ein Netzwerk aus δ-Ferrit auftritt. Auch die niedrig gekohlten, stickstofflegierten Stähle sind nicht ganz frei von dieser Erscheinung, die sich hier aber stark zurückdrängen läßt, wenn dem Argon-Spülgas etwa 0,5% Stickstoff zugesetzt werden.Schweißnähte können leicht zu Schwachstellen von Chemie-Apparaten werden. Dieser Erfahrung ist bei der Planung, Ausführung und Betreibung von Anlagen Rechnung zu tragen. Das Korrosionsverhalten eines Apparates wird zwar im wesentlichen durch die Auswahl des Grund- und Schweißzusatzwerkstoffes bestimmt, aber erst eine werkstoffgerechte Konstruktion und eine konstruktionsbezogene Verfahrensweise im Betrieb gestatten es, die Möglichkeiten eines Werkstoffes ganz auszuschöpfen. Als Besonderheit kommt bei den nichtrostenden austenitischen Stählen der abschließenden Oberflächenbehandlung des Schweißnahtbereiches eine hohe Bedeutung zu.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070107
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  • 73
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    Metallische Verbundwerkstoffe (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 49-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070204
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  • 74
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    Grundsätzliche Betrachtungen zur Oberflächen-ErmüdungVorgetragen anläßlich der Tagung „Methodik der Schadensuntersuchung“, VDI-Tagung Stuttgart 1975, vgl. auch VDI-Berichte 243, VDI-Verlag GmbH Düsseldorf 1975Herrn Professor Dr.-Ing. Heinrich Wiegand zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 85-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Rolling Contact Fatigue. Wear, rolling contact fatigue, fatigue - calculation of stresses - stresses caused by normal load - influence of friction - influence of surface roughness - influence of residual stresses - influence of temperature - influence of pressure profile in EHL-contacts - influence of material - influence of lubricants - influence of additives - size effect - investigation of damages.
    Notes: Abgrenzung der Oberflächenermüdung gegenüber Verschleiß und allgemeinen Ermüdungsvorgängen - Beanspruchungsanalyse - Werkstoffanstrengung infolge Normalkraft - Einfluß der konstruktiven Gestaltung - Einfluß der Makroreibung - Einfluß der Oberflächenfeingestalt - Einfluß von Eigenspannungen - Temperatureinfluß - Einfluß des Druckverlaufes unter EHD-Bedingungen - Einfluß von Werkstoff (-Paarung) und Werkstoffzustand - Schmierstoffeinfluß - Einfluß von Schmierstoffbestandteilen - spannungsmechanischer und oberflächentechnischer Größeneinfluß - Vorgehensweise bei der Analyse von Oberflächenermüdungsschäden.
    Additional Material: 19 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070304
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    Über Korrosionserscheinungen, ausgelöst durch duroplastische Formstoffe (Teil 2) - Elektrolytische KorrosionHerrn Professor Dr.-Ing. Heinrich Wiegand zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 97-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Investigations on corrosion caused by therm osetting materials (part 2) Electrolytic corrosion. Electrolytic corrosion on metallic materials is caused by plastics under the influence of a direct voltage. This second part of the investigations on plastic corrosion deals with the characteristic qualities of thermosetting materials, responsible for such type of corrosion. These qualities may be determined by the composition of the plastics and by the curring conditions. Measuring the insulation current in the plastic specimen gives an indication to the corrosive effect. It is shown by measuring the insulation current in longtime tests with varying materials and test conditions that short-time tests may give a conclusive statement on the corrosiveness of plastics.
    Notes: Es wird über die an metallischen Bauelementen durch Kunststoffe verursachten Korrosionserscheinungen berichtet, bei denen die Einwirkung elektrischer Gleichspannungen auf die jeweiligen Anordnungen Grundlage des Korrosionsvorganges ist. Dabei wird insbesondere auf die von den Eigenschaften der Kunststoffe bestimmten Parameter eingegangen. Über die Messung der Isolationsströme und Vergleich mit dem jeweils eingetretenen Ausmaß der Korrosion wird die Schlüssigkeit von Kurzzeitversuchen auf die Beurteilung der Korrosionswirkung verschiedener Kunststoffe bei längeren Beanspruchungszeiten untersucht.
    Additional Material: 24 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070305
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  • 76
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    Masthead (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070401
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  • 77
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    Möglichkeiten der Kombination von Stoffen durch hohe und höchste Verformung (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 125-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Possibilities of producing composites by extremely high deformation. One of the principal problem in the studies of composite-wires with metallic matrix was wether fibre textures of such wires are changed by the contents of second phases or not. An inhibition of the texture development of the matrix occours, if the flow stress of the addition is lower than that of the matrix, and the plasticity of the addition is small, compared with that of the matrix. The mechanism of plastic deformation of the second phase (crystal slip, amorphous flow) is without influence.Preparation of the speciment can be done by solidifiction from the melt, especially combined with directional solidification and furtheron by powder metallurgycal methods.A very high decrease of cross section is connected with the formation of fibres. If the diameter is beneath 1000 Å remarcable anomalies of mechanical and physical properties were observed.The compatibility of the different phases is very good, provided that a high and joint deformation occurs. It is caused by the increase of inner surface during deformation.
    Notes: Ausgangspunkt der Untersuchungen über Verbundwerkstoffe war die Frage, ob und wie sich Verformungstexturen ändern, wenn zweiphasige Legierungen oder Verbundmaterialien mit metallischer Matrix bei gemeinsamer Verformung verändert werden.Eine Beeinträchtigung der Matrixtextur tritt auf, wenn die Fließgrenze des Zusatzstoffes höher liegt als die der Matrix; ferner dann, wenn die Verformungsfähigkeit des Zusatzes geringer ist als die des Matrixmetalls. Die Natur der Formänderung des Zusatzes (kristallografisches Gleiten, amorphes Fließen) ist dabei ohne nennenswerten Einfluß.Herstellungsmöglichkeiten für Verbunddrähte sind über die Schmelze möglich, wobei die gerichtete Erstarrung zunehmende Beachtung findet, ferner auf pulvermetallurgischem Wege.Bei sehr hoher Querschnittsverminderung findet Faserbildung statt. Im Bereich unter 1000 ÅE Faserdicke zeigen sich erhebliche Anomalien einer Reihe von mechanischen und physikalischen Eigenschaften. Die Verträglichkeit der verschiedenen Phasen ist bei gemeinsamer starker Verformung sehr gut. Die Oberflächenvergrößerung bewirkt eine feste adhäsive Bindung.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070403
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    Verformungsverhalten von Aluminium-Verbunddrähten mit Chloridzusätzen (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 136-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Deformation of aluminium composite wires with admixtures of silver-alkali-chlorides. The deformability, the formation of the fibre texture and the tensile strength properties of aluminium compound wires with 5 Vol% saline components of the phase diagramm NaCl-AgCl are investigated. The systematic change of the extended plasticity of the AgCl ionic crystal by alloying with NaCl to the pure NaCl component effects a a penetrating influence of the deformation mechanisms of the aluminium matrix. This fact is obvious by the meaningful change of the fibre texture (110) (111) to complete random orientation of the metallic matrix with increase NaCl portion of the saline solution phase. The excellent plasticity of the pure AgCl-compound produces a fibre structure and a maximum of tensile strength of the fibre like compound wires by fibre reinforcement. With increasing solid solution hardening of the second phase the fibre like shape of the components diminishes. The increment of the strength by pure NaCl compound is caused by dispersion hardening of the aluminium matrix.
    Notes: An Aluminium-Verbunddrähten mit 5 Vol% salzartigen Zusätze des Zweistoffsystems AgCl-NaCl wurden das Formänderungsvermögen, die Fasertexturausbildung und die Festigkeitseigenschaften während des Drahtziehens untersucht. Die systematische Änderung der ausgezeichneten plastischen Eigenschaften des AgCl-Ionenkristalls durch das Legieren mit Natriumchlorid bis zum reinen NaCl-Zusatz bewirkt eine tiefgreifende Beeinflussung des Umformmechanismus der Aluminiummatrix. Dies wird durch die prägnante Änderung der Doppelfasertextur (110) (111) offensichtlich, die mit steigendem NaCl-Gehalt der Ionenmischkristallkomponenten bis zur vollständigen Regellosigkeit abgebaut wird. Die außergewöhnliche Plastizität des reinen AgCl-Zusatzes führt zum faserförmigen Gefügeaufbau und zur maximalen Festigkeitssteigerung der Aluminiumverbunddrähte. Mit zunehmender Mischkristallverfestigung der zweiten Phase nimmt deren Neigung zur Faserbildung ab. Die Festigkeitszunahme durch die reine NaCl-Komponente beruht demnach ausschließlich auf dem Vorgang der Dispersionshärtung der Aluminiummatrix.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070405
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    Werkstoffe des Maschinen-, Anlagen- und Apparatebaues. Von Autorenkollektiv; herausgegeben von Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. W. Schatt. 1. Auflage, VEB Deutscher Verlag für Grundstoffindustrie, Leipzig. 1975, 503 Seiten, 188 Bilder, 140 Tabellen. 39,- DM (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 232-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070611
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  • 80
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    Wasser-Grundlage des Lebens (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. A86 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070702
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  • 81
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    Werkstoffe und Bauteilfestigkeit. Von Verein Deutscher Ingenieure. VDI-Berichte 214. 1. Auflage, VDI-Verlag GmbH, 4 Düsseldorf. 1974, 142 Seiten, zahlreiche Bilder, zahlreiche Tabellen, DIN A4. 68,-DM (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 232-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070612
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  • 82
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    Die Förderung der Werkstofforschung in der Deutschen ForschungsgemeinschaftVortrag anläßlich der DGM-Tagung „Verbundwerkstoffe“ vom 31. März bis 2. April 1976 in Konstanz; mit freundlicher Genehmigung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Metallkunde auch in dieser Zeitschrift veröffentlicht. (Wird außerdem in den Gesellschaftsnachrichten der Z. Metallkunde publiziert.) (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 233-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070704
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  • 83
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    Eine auf der Systemanalyse von Reibungs- und Verschleißvorgängen aufbauende Methodik zur Auswahl von tribotechnischen Werkstoffen (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 247-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: A method for the selection of tribotechnical materials based on a system analysis of friction and wear processes. The tribological behaviour of materials cannot be specified by their physical, chemical and mechanical properties only. Besides these „system-independant“ properties „system-dependant“ data are important. This is demonstrated by applying the methods of systems analysis to friction and wear processes. Based on systems thicking a method for the selection of tribotechnical materials is outlined.
    Notes: Zur Charakterisierung des Reibungs- und Verschleißverhaltens von Werkstoffen reicht die Angabe von chemischen, physikalischen und mechanischen Werkstoffeigenschaften im allgemeinen nicht aus. Neben diesen „systemunabhängigen“ Eigenschaften sind vielmehr „systemspezifische“ Daten von Bedeutung, wie mit Hilfe der Systemanalyse von Reibungs- und Verschleißvorgängen gezeigt werden kann. Darauf aufbauend wird eine Methodik zur Auswahl von tribotechnischen Werkstoffen vorgestellt.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070707
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    Kurze Informationen (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 266-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070711
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  • 85
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    Kunststoff Bestimmungstafel. Von H. Saechtling. 7. Auflage, Carl Hanser Verlag, München Wien. 1975, Falttafel mit 16seitigem Textheft, Taschenformat. Kunststoffeinband 7,80 DM (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 268-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070713
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  • 86
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    Masthead (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070801
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  • 87
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    Kurze Informationen (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. A94 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070802
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  • 88
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    Flächenpressung unter Schrauben aus austenitischen Chrom-Nickel-Stählen (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 279-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Allowable limits for loads under heads of fasteners out of stainless austenitic chromium nickel steels. Safety and load carrying capacity of fastened joints are determined through the strength of the fasteners, the pressure under the head and nuts which can be endured without plastic deformations and the variation of the actual preload. The strength of screws of stainless steels are known with its variations since long time. The allowable pressure under the head and nut of fasteners for the various austenitic chromium steels in the solution annealed and cold formed condition are not known so far. The result of such investigations for the important austenitic chromium steels are published herewith. The now known loadability limits must be recognized. After loading above these limits a recreational effect was observed for which interpretations and explanations still have to be found.
    Notes: Sicherheit und Belastbarkeit von Schraubenverbindungen werden durch die Festigkeit der Schrauben, die ohne plastische Verformungen ertragbaren Flächenpressungen der verspannten Teile unter Schrauben/Mutternauflagen sowie durch die Streubreite der wirksamen Vorspannung bestimmt. Die mechanischen Festigkeiten von Schrauben aus nichtrostendem Stahl sind lange bekannt. Die zulässigen Flächenpressungen austenitischer Chrom-Nickel-Stähle im lösungsgeglühten wie im kalt verformten Zustand wurden bisher nicht ermittelt. Diese Erkenntnislücke wird für die wichtigsten austenitischen Chrom-Nickel-Stähle geschlossen. Die hierdurch jetzt zahlenmäßig festgelegten Belastbarkeitsgrenzen müssen berücksichtigt werden. Nach Überschreiten der zulässigen Flächenpressung wurde ein Erholungseffekt gefunden, dessen Erklärung und Deutung noch aussteht.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070805
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  • 89
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    Zur Bewertung von Schutzschichten gegen Heißgaskorrosion an Gasturbinenschaufeln (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 161-166 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Assessment of Protective Coatings to combat Hot Gas Corrosion on Gas Turbine Blades. Turbine blades of aero-engines are normally protected from hot gas corrosion by means of aluminium diffusion coatings. The inherent negative results of these coatings - the resistance to corrosion gains with the growing thickness of the coating, but the strength generally suffers - calls for an optimum balance between resistance to hot gas corrosion and resistance to mechanical stresses for a maximally long life of the blades. Conventional criteria - chiefly that of the progress of corrosion - not being adequate for a reliable assessment of the potential gain, it is recommended that creep and fatigue tests using simultaneously superimposed corrosion be employed for evaluating protective coatings. Tests conducted at faithfully simulated service conditions on samples and blades in cast nickel material IN 100 show how increasing thickness will cause the fatigue strength and the ductility of the coating to be reduced at a more or less rapid rate. The tests suggest the conclusion that conventional coating parameters still need improving if the optimum balance between resistance to hot gas corrosion and resistance to mechanical stresses shall be gained. The still small number of tests conducted cannot provide conclusive evidence. This paper is nevertheless published in the hope that it will invite in-depth studies of the problem of high temperature protective coatings under the additional aspect of true-to-life mechanical stresses.
    Notes: Gegen Heißgaskorrosion werden Turbinenschaufeln in Flugtriebwerken üblicherweise mit Aluminium-Diffusionsschichten geschützt. Gegenläufige Wirkungen der Schichten (die Korrosionsbeständigkeit nimmt mit wachsender Dicke zu, die Festigkeit im allgemeinen ab) erfordern eine Optimierung zwischen Beständigkeit gegen Heißgaskorrosion und Widerstand gegen mechanische Beanspruchung mit dem Ziel einer möglichst langen Lebensdauer der Schaufeln. Da bisher herangezogene Kriterien (hauptsächlich des Korrosionsfortschritts) zur zuverlässigen Beurteilung des Nutzens nicht ausreichen, werden Zeitstand- und Ermüdungsversuche unter gleichzeitig überlagerter Korrosion zur Bewertung von Schutzschichten vorgeschlagen. Betriebsnah gestaltete Versuche an Proben und Schaufeln aus dem Nickelgußwerkstoff IN 100 zeigen, wie mit zunehmender Dicke Ermüdungsfestigkeit und Zähigkeit der Schicht mehr oder weniger ausgeprägt abnehmen.Die Versuche legen den Schluß nahe, daß die bisher üblichen Beschichtungsparameter noch verbessert werden müssen um den optimalen Kompromiß zwischen Beständigkeit gegen Heißgaskorrosion und Widerstand gegen mechanische Beanspruchung zu erlangen. Bei der vorerst nur geringen Zahl von Versuchen sind die Ergebnisse als nur vorläufig zu betrachten. Die trotzdem vorgenommene Veröffentlichung soll dazu anregen, das Problem der Hochtemperatur - Schutzschichten unter dem zusätzlichen Gesichtspunkt betriebsnaher mechanischer Beanspruchung vertieft zu untersuchen.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070503
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  • 90
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    Werkstoffentwicklung im Triebwerkbau - Leitlinien und Versuch einer Priorisierung (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 167-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Development of materials used in gas turbine engines. Guide lines and proposal for a priority scheme. The development of materials used in gas turbine engines has the following aims: (a) the development of functioning components from new materials, (b) quantitative assessment of the behaviour of the material for a fail-save design of the engine, (c) quantitative assessment of the effect of defects in the material and (d) the securing of a constant level of quality. In order to evaluate the large number of conceivable, individual subjects for the purpose of a priority scheme, first of all 3 subject groups are differentiated and described in more detail, the differentiating feature adopted being the development stage of the candidate engines for application. (A fourth group of general subjects is only touched on). The subject groups are distinguished by the stress put, in pursuing general development targets, on such factors as higher gas temperature, lower weight, lower price, greater reliability, longer working-life and elimination of weak spots. Within each group, a priority is given according to the (simplified) formula P = T · E · D, whereby the combined factor T represents the technical progress, E the probability of success and D the individual operational urgency.A medium-term planning of materials development programmes, carried out and alloting priorities in this way, can serve as a basis not only for in-house budget planning, but also for national and international cooperation.
    Notes: Die werkstofftechnische Entwicklung im Triebwerkbau zielt auf (a) die Entwicklung funktionsfähiger Komponenten aus neuen Werkstoffen, (b) quantitative Ermittlung des Werkstoffverhaltens für die sichere Auslegung der Triebwerke, (c) die quantitative Ermittlung des Einflusses von Werkstoffehlern und (d) die Sicherstellung einer gleichbleibenden Qualität. Um die große Zahl der denkbaren Einzelthemen im Sinne einer Priorisierung bewerten zu können, werden zunächst drei Themengruppen unterschieden und näher beschrieben, wobei als unterscheidendes Merkmal der Entwicklungsstand der Triebwerke eingeführt wurde, die für eine Anwendung in Frage kommen. (Eine vierte Themengruppe mit Themen allgemeiner Art wird nur kurz gestreift). Die Themengruppen unterscheiden sich in der Gewichtung, mit der allgemeine Entwicklungsziele wie höhere Gastemperatur, niedrigeres Gewicht, geringerer Preis, größere Zuverlässigkeit, längere Lebensdauer und Schwachstellenbeseitigung verfolgt werden. Innerhalb jeder Gruppe wird eine Priorisierung nach der (vereinfachten) Formel P = T · E · D durchgeführt, wobei die zusammengesetzte Größe T den technischen Fortschritt, E die Erfolgswahrscheinlichkeit und D die individuelle betriebliche Dringlichkeit repräsentieren.Eine auf diese Weise durchgeführte und priorisierte Mittelfristplanung von Werkstoffentwicklungsprogrammen kann als Basis sowohl für betriebsinterne Budgetplanung als auch für nationale und internationale Kooperation dienen.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070504
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  • 91
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    Optimierung der Zerspanbarkeit von Automatenstahl (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 181-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Optimizing the Machinability of Free Cutting Steel. Competitive machining requires steels which guarantee a low tool wear, favourable chip form and a high grade surface finish, even unter extreme cutting conditions. Free cutting steels containing special alloying elements which improve the machinability, meet these requirements to a high degree. Machinability depends highly on the chip formation process, in particular size, form and the influence of the built-up edges (BUE).BUE's are formed, depending on the chemical composition, at cutting speeds of v = 100 m/min and more, and have a decisive influence on the tool wear. The influence of the alloying elements Carbon, Sulfur, Manganese, Phosphorus, Nitrogen, Silicon, Aluminium, Lead, Bismuth and Tellurium on the tool life has been studied under working conditions almost similar to praxis.Knowledge of the effect of single combinations of alloying elements allows optimal adaptation of the free machining properties of free-cutting steels to the set requirements.
    Notes: Die wirtschaftliche Fertigung spanend bearbeiteter Werkstücke erfordert Stähle, die selbst bei extremen Schnittbedingungen geringen Werkzeugverschleiß, günstige Spanformen und hohe Oberflächengüten gewährleisten. Diese Anforderungen werden weitgehend von den Automatenstählen erfüllt, denen besondere Legierungselemente zur Verbesserung der Zerspanbarkeit zugegeben werden. Die Zerspaneigenschaften sind wesentlich von den Vorgängen bei der Spanentstehung abhängig, insbesondere von der Größe, Form und Wirkungsweise der Aufbauschneiden. Aufbauschneiden entstehen bei Automatenstählen je nach chemischer Zusammensetzung bis zu Schnittgeschwindigkeiten von v = 100 m/min und darüber und beeinflussen entscheidend den Werkzeugverschleiß. Einfluß und Wirkungsweise der Legierungselemente Kohlenstoff, Schwefel, Mangan, Phosphor, Stickstoff, Silizium, Aluminium, Blei, Wismut und Tellur auf die Werkzeugstandzeit werden unter praxisnahen Zerspanbedingungen untersucht. Die Kenntnis der Wirkung einzelner Legierungskombinationen erlaubt es, Automatenstähle in ihren Zerspaneigenschaften optimal den gestellten Anforderungen anzupassen.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070506
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  • 92
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    Werkstoff - Konstruktion - Fertigung (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 193-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070508
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    Sintern von Eisen-Mangan mit ZinnzusätzenHerrn Prof. Dr. R. Kieffer zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 190-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Sintering of iron-manganese with tin additions. Small tin additions strongly influence the sintering behaviour of iron-manganese powder compacts. Dilatometric, metallographic and microprobe investigations enable conclusions about the sinter processes. At low temperatures the molten tin reacts with the manganese particles to form various intermetallic compounds. Above 900°C, melting of these intermetallics causes swelling of the compacts and fast homogenization. Therefore at the relatively low sintering temperatures of 1050 to 1100°C mechanical properties are achieved in iron-manganese-tin compacts which are comparable with the properties of iron-manganese sintered at 1300°C.
    Notes: Das Sinterverhalten von Eisen-Mangan-Pulverpreßlingen wird durch Beimischung kleiner Zinnmengen stark beeinflußt. Dilatometrische, metallographische und Mikrosondenuntersuchungen gestatten Aussagen über die Sintervorgänge. Nach dem Aufschmelzen reagiert das flüssige Zinn bevorzugt mit den Manganpulverteilchen und bildet verschiedene intermetallische Verbindungen. Oberhalb von 900°C schmelzen diese Verbindungen. Dies verursacht Schwellen der Pulverpreßlinge und beschleunigt die Homogenisierung. Eisen-Mangan-Zinn-Preßlinge erreichen daher schon durch Sinterung bei 1050 bis 1100°C mechanische Eigenschaftswerte, wie sie Eisen-Man-gan-Mischungen erst nach Sinterung bei etwa 1300°C aufweisen.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070507
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    Hartlegierungen zum Verschleiß-Schutz. Aufbau, Eigenschaften, Verarbeitung, Anwendung. Stahleisen-Bücher Band 20. Von Professor Dr. techn. O. Knotek, Dr. techn. E. Lugscheider und Dr. rer. nat. H. Eschnauer. Verlag Stahleisen mbH., 4 Düsseldorf. 1975, XXII/285 Seiten, 196Bilder, 65 Tafeln, DNV C5. 138,-DM (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 195-195 
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    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070509
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    Kleine Stahlkunde für das Bauwesen. Von H. Gladischefski. VDI-Taschenbücher, T 64. 1. Auflage, VDI-Verlag GmbH, Düsseldorf. 1974. 104 Seiten, 19 Bilder, 16 Tabellen 1976 kartoniert, Preis DM 16,80 (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 195-195 
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    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070510
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    Kleine Stahlkunde für den Maschinenbau. Von H. Kiessler. VDI-Taschenbücher, T 63. 1. Auflage, VDI-Verlag GmbH, Düsseldorf. 1974. 106 Seiten, 16 Bilder, 54 Tabellen 13,8 × 21 cm kartoniert, Preis DIM 16,80 (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 195-195 
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    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070511
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    Das Verhalten mechanisch beanspruchter Werkstoffe und Bauteile unter Korrosionseinwirkung. Tagung Lindau 1975. VDI-Berichte Nr. 235. 1. Auflage, VDI-Verlag GmbH, Düsseldorf 1975, 182 Seiten, 232 Bilder, 13 Tabellen, DIN A 4, Kartoniert Pries DM 81,- (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 195-195 
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    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070512
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    ABC-Umformtechnik Metall. Von Neumann. 1. Auflage, VEB Deutscher Verlag für Grundstoffindustrie, Leipzig. 1974, 350 Seiten, 681 Bilder, 75 Tabellen. Ln. 48,-M (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 195-195 
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    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070514
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    Kupfer und Kupferlegierungen, Werkstoffe und Halbzeug. Band I, Taschenbuch NE-Metalle. VEB Mansfeld Kombinat Wilhelm Pieck, Eisleben. VEB Deutscher Verlag für Grundstoffindustrie, Leipzig 1974, 412 Seiten, zahlreiche Tabellen, DIN A 5, Kunststoff, Preis DM 19,80 (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 195-195 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070513
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  • 100
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    Metallographie. Von H. Schumann, Rostock. 8. Auflage, VEB Deutscher Verlag für Grundstoffindustrie, Leipzig 1974 608 Seiten, 1033 Bilder, 76 Tabellen und 8 Farbtafeln. Ln. 48,-M (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 196-196 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19760070515
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