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  • 2000-2004
  • 1995-1999
  • 1985-1989  (2,853)
  • 1920-1924
  • 1987  (2,853)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (1,644)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (1,177)
  • breast cancer
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  • 2000-2004
  • 1995-1999
  • 1985-1989  (2,853)
  • 1920-1924
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Local recurrence of breast cancer: Treatment of nine patients with a recurrence in the skin flap of the chest wall (1987)
    Springer
    Surgery today 17 (1987), S. 78-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: breast cancer ; local recurrent lesion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract From 1975 through 1985, nine patients with a local recurrent lesion (LRL) of breast cancer to the skin flap of the chest wall were treated. Four had undergone primary mastectomies in our clinic and the other five were referred from other surgeons, following signs of recurrence. Aggressive topical therapy, such as resection or irradiation, proved effective in eradicating the LRL in all cases, thereby indicating that topical therapy is useful for improving quality of life. Adjuvant systemic chemo-immunoendocrine therapy is also required for patients with LRL, to increase longevity. Seven of the patients died of a distant metastasis within 66 months after the onset of LRL.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02470645
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Five year results of radical mastectomy for breast cancer, by a sternal splitting, intrapleuralen bloc resection of the internal mammary lymph nodes (1987)
    Springer
    Surgery today 17 (1987), S. 63-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: extended radical mastectomy ; breast cancer ; 5-year survival rate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A new operative method of extended radical mastectomy enables complete resection of the axillary and internal mammary lymph nodes. In this paper, we present the histological analysis of the internal mammary involvement, and the estimated 5 year survival rate, of 100 patients with breast cancer of Stage I, II or III, who underwent this operation. The incidences of axillary and internal mammary involvements were 41 per cent and 17 per cent, respectively. The metastases in the internal mammary lymph node chain were located from just below the supraclavicular vein to the third intercostal space along the internal mammary vessels. The types of lymphatic invasion observed in the internal mammary chain were lymph node metastases in 88 per cent, metastatic lesion in the lymphoid tissue in 29 per cent and cancer cell emboli in the lymphatic channel in 71 per cent. The overall estimated 5 year survival rate was 90.5 per cent. Where there was internal mammary involvement, the estimated 5 year survival rates for those with no axillary lymph node metastasis, those with fewer than 3 metastatic axillary lymph nodes, and those with more than 4 metastatic axillary lymph nodes were 100 per cent, 80 per cent and 31.2 per cent, respectively. Although the assumption that more aggressive surgical removal of the primary lesion and the regional lymphatic spread gives a higher cure rate has not been proved, this extended radical mastectomy with adjuvant chemoendocrine therapy seems to give a higher 5 year survival rate for patients with internal mammary involvement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02470643
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemical demonstration of estrogen, progesterone, CEA and ferritin in breast cancer and their clinical value for the prediction of early postoperative recurrence (1987)
    Springer
    Surgery today 17 (1987), S. 243-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: breast cancer ; estrogen ; CEA ; immunohistochemical study ; early postoperative recurrence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of this paper is to determine whether the incidence of estrogen-, progesterone-, CEA-, and ferritin-positive staining of primary tumors, by using the PAP method, is related to the prognosis of breast cancer status. A significantly higher incidence (71 per cent) of CEA-positive tumors was observed in patients who had a recurrence of breast cancer within 2 years after radical operation. Patients, whose tumors were positive in estrogen or negative in CEA, showed a relatively good prognosis, even after a recurrence of the disease. Distant metastases were seen in most of the patients positive in CEA (78 per cent). Before the recurrence of breast cancer, those patients positive in progesterone had a good prognosis. After the recurrence, however, there was no relationship between the prognosis of recurrent disease and the progesterone-staining of primary tumors. Our data suggest that the immunohistological staining of estrogen, progesterone and CEA might offer the effective prognostic indices in breast cancer patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02470695
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Breast cancer detected by mass screening using physical examination alone (1987)
    Springer
    Surgery today 17 (1987), S. 377-381 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: breast cancer ; mass screening ; physical examination ; interval cancer ; breast self-examination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In Tokushima prefecture, mass screening for breast cancer has been conducted using physical examination alone since 1970. Breast cancer was detected in 116 of 111,571 screened women up until 1984. The detection rate was 0.08 per cent in total examinees, 0.13 per cent in initial examinees, and 0.04 per cent in subsequent examinees. The patients with breast cancer were divided into three groups, i.e., 62 cases detected at initial screening, 28 cases detected at subsequent screenings, and 26 interval cancer cases. 510 patients with breast cancer in the outpatient clinic were serving as controls. The stage classification and nodal involvement were significantly different between the mass screening group and the control group, but not significantly different among the three groups. The interval cases were detected at an early stage. The survival rates were not significantly different between the three groups and the control group. Efforts should be doubled to educate women about the proper method of breast self-examination in order to promote the early detection of breast cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02470637
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mobile unit for use in mass screening for breast cancer (1987)
    Springer
    Surgery today 17 (1987), S. 151-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: breast cancer ; mass screening ; early detection ; mobile unit
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Since 1977, mass screening for breast cancer has been carried out in Miyagi prefecture, Japan. The main activities involve itinerant screening in the communities and group screening at the workplaces. The first step in this screening is the physical examination; the second step, for women with suspicious findings, is examination by mammography and ultrasonography, in a specially equipped mobile unit. The number of subjects screened over a seven-year period ending in March, 1984, was 94.953. Mammography was performed on 4,485 subjects (4.7 per cent) Breast cancer was detected in 116 subjects (0.12 per cent). Since 1980, 2,292 high risk subjects have undergone mammography as the first step screening. The detection rate (0.35 per cent) for this group was higher than for the general subjects examined. Therefore, mammography performed in a mobile unit is a suitable approach for the detecting and diagnosing of breast cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02470590
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Total hemolytic complement (CH50) and its fractions (C3 and C4) in the sera of patients with carcinoma of the oral cavity, uterine cervix, and breast (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of clinical immunology 7 (1987), S. 300-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2592
    Keywords: Complements ; C3 ; C4 ; oral cancer ; cervical cancer ; breast cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The total hemolytic complement activity of CH50 and its fractions C3 and C4 was determined in the sera of 196 patients with carcinoma of the oral cavity, 172 patients with carcinoma of the uterine cervix, and 166 patients with breast cancer. The values were compared with those of 18 patients with mammary dysplasia, 32 patients with mild to moderate dysplasia of the cervix, and 100 healthy, normal age- and sex-matched controls. No alterations in CH50, C3, and C4 were observed in the sera of patients with benign lesions, whereas a significant rise in the three factors was observed in all the cancer patients studied. The complement activity increased significantly with the progression of the disease up to stage III and remained persistently elevated thereafter. Patients who had a clinical cure had normal levels of CH50, C3, and C4, whereas the values remained elevated in patients who were still undergoing treatment for residual lesions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00915551
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Continuous 5-fluorouracil infusion in refractory carcinoma of the breast (1987)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 10 (1987), S. 145-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: 5 FU infusion ; breast cancer ; fluorouracil (5 FU) ; Hickman catheter ; infusion chemotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Twenty-five patients with refractory, metastatic carcinoma of the breast were treated with continuous ambulatory 5-fluorouracil (5 FU) infusion (200 to 300 mg/m2/day) through a chronic indwelling central venous catheter. All patients had had extensive previous treatment, including hormonal therapy in 20/25 patients (80%), radiation therapy in 18/25 patients (72%), and an average of 4.6 previous chemotherapy drugs per patient (range 1–10). Twenty-three of 25 patients (92%) had had previous bolus 5 FU. Seventeen of 25 patients (68%) had two or more metastatic sites of involvement and 17/25 patients (68%) had visceral involvement. Results: complete remission −1/25 (4%), partial remission −7/25 (28%), stable disease −6/25 (24%), and progressive disease −11/25 (44%), for an overall response rate of 8/25 (32%). Median duration of response was 6 months. Toxicities included hand-foot syndrome, mucositis, diarrhea, and nausea and vomiting, and required treatment interruption and/or dose attenuation in 9/25 patients (36%). No myelosuppression or serious catheter-related problems were seen. We conclude that continuous 5 FU infusion is a potentially effective salvage treatment that may provide meaningful palliation in some patients with carcinoma of the breast, in spite of extensive previous treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01810577
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oncogenes in clinical cancer — A panel discussion (1987)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 10 (1987), S. 217-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: breast cancer ; chromosome translocation ; gene amplification ; growth factor receptors ; neuroblastoma ; oncogenes ; prognosis ; proto-oncogenes ; small cell lung cancer ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01805759
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oestrogen receptor activity in breast cancer detected at a prevalence screening examination (1987)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 10 (1987), S. 267-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: breast cancer ; oestrogen receptor ; pathological type ; screening
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In view of the possible introduction of screening programmes, this study compares oestrogen receptor (ER) levels in a series of women whose primary tumour was detected by screening and an age-matched consecutive series of women whose tumours were diagnosed after symptomatic presentation. Because of missing data and other statistical considerations, the comparison was made using T1 and T2 categories of tumour only. Some differences were found: the distribution of ER levels was significantly different in the two groups, with more extreme values in the symptomatic series; the screening series, however, had more moderate/rich ER levels than the symptomatic group. Tumours of special pathological type (for example, tubular, cribriform, lobular, medullary, and mucoid) were more likely to be ER-moderate or -rich, and there were more of these tumours in the screening series. The relationship of these findings to tumour growth rate is discussed. The study highlights the difficulty of obtaining sufficient tissue for conventional DCC biochemical assays from the small non-invasive tumours found by screening, and suggests that newer alternative methods employing monoclonal antibodies may be required for such types of tumour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01805763
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alternating tamoxifen and medroxyprogesterone acetate in postmenopausal advanced breast cancer patients — short and long term endocrine effects (1987)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 10 (1987), S. 201-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: alternating regimens ; breast cancer ; endocrine effects ; hormone therapy ; medroxyprogesterone acetate ; tamoxifen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The endocrine effects of alternating tamoxifen and medroxyprogesterone acetate have been evaluated in 26 post-menopausal patients with metastatic breast cancer. Endocrine evaluations included the RIA determination of plasma levels of sex-hormone binding globulin, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, prolactin, cortisol, and testosterone. The evaluation of the study parameters at different intervals during therapy indicates that with this schedule an alternate sequential effect on the endocrine system is achievable because each drug exerts its own endocrine activity that is completely reversed when the other drug is administered. We can hypothesize that the same alternate activity as seen on the endocrine system could be obtained also on other tissues and organs including tumors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01810584
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rehabilitation needs and breast cancer: The first month after primary therapy (1987)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 10 (1987), S. 243-253 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: breast cancer ; conservative treatment ; mastectomy ; physical problems ; psychosocial outcome ; rehabilitation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Breast cancer is the most common neoplasm in occidental women, yet very little information is available about the rehabilitation needs of these patients. This report reviews in detail the physical, psychological, social, and financial problems identified by fifty women during the first month after primary surgical treatment. The most frequently reported problems were physical and psychological. Patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy (MRM) are compared with patients receiving segmental mastectomy and primary radiotherapy (SM). There were few differences between the two surgical treatment groups; however, patients in the MRM group reported more difficulty with clothing and body image, while the SM group had more disruption of recreation and social activities. Information about the rehabilitation problems of patients with this common neoplasm should be helpful to patients and to the members of the health care team who are helping them recover.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01805761
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estrogen receptor determination by monoclonal antibody in fine needle aspiration breast cancer cytologies: A marker of hormone response (1987)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 10 (1987), S. 287-291 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: breast cancer ; cytology ; estrogen receptor ; fine needle aspiration ; immunohistochemistry ; monoclonal antibody
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A monoclonal antibody (H222) prepared against purified estrogen receptor has been demonstrated to be highly specific and sensitive in an immunohistochemical assay for the detection and quantification of estrogen receptor in human breast carcinoma biopsy specimens. To evaluate the clinical applicability of this assay in cytologic specimens, response to therapy in 12 patients with recurrent breast cancer was correlated with H222 antibody localization in specimens obtained by fine needle aspiration biopsy. All 7 patients with positive H222 responded to hormone therapy (1 complete and 3 partial remissions and 3 stable disease), while 1 of 5 patients with negative H222 responded (1 stable disease). This experience suggests a role for immunohistochemical estrogen receptor determinations in prediction of response to hormonal therapy in patients whose tumor is accessible only to aspiration biopsy. Special care in the handling and interpretation of specimens is essential to optimal application of this method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01805766
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Stockholm trial on adjuvant tamoxifen in early breast cancer (1987)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 10 (1987), S. 255-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: adjuvant therapy ; breast cancer ; estrogen receptors ; tamoxifen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The paper presents interim results of an on-going randomized trial of adjuvant tamoxifen (40 mg daily for 2 years) versus no endocrine adjuvant therapy in postmenopausal women with early breast cancer. A total of 1407 patients were included in the study between November 1976 through June 1984. Estrogen receptor (ER) data were available on 1184 patients (84%). The median follow-up was 53 months. Adjuvant tamoxifen increased the recurrence-free interval (P〈0.01) but had no significant effect on overall survival. Treatment failures were reduced by 25% (P〈0.01) and deaths by 7% (P〉0.05). Tamoxifen mainly decreased the frequency of loco-regional recurrence whereas distant metastases were less affected. The treatment effect was independent of tumor stage but was significantly related to the estrogen receptor (ER) content of the primary tumor. Tamoxifen appeared ineffective among ER negative patients, and the greatest effect was seen among those with high levels of ER. The results indicate that the main mechanism of action of adjuvant tamoxifen is similar to that suggested in advanced disease, i.e. an interaction with the estrogen receptor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01805762
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Methylthioadenosine phosphorylase in human breast cancer (1987)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 9 (1987), S. 53-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: methylthioadenosine phosphorylase ; prognostic markers ; breast cancer ; aneuploidy ; steroid receptors ; DNA S-phase ; flow cytometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Methylthioadenosine (MTA) phosphorylase activity was measured in 47 biopsies from primary breast cancers (n = 34) and metastatic tumors (n = 13). Most specimens were also evaluated by DNA flow cytometry and determination of estrogen and progesterone receptor contents. Median MTA phosphorylase activity was 317 pmol/mg protein/min (range 50-1312 pmol/mg protein/min), but great variations were observed. Samples from four individuals had very low MTA phosphorylase activity (≤70 pmol/mg protein/min). No correlation with aneuploidy, receptor status, or the presence of metastases in the lymph nodes could be demonstrated. However, MTA phosphorylase activity showed a significant (p = 0.009) negative correlation with the fraction of cells in the S-phase of the cell cycle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01806694
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Progesterone binding cyst protein (PBCP) in primary breast cancer: A new prognostic factor? (1987)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 9 (1987), S. 123-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: breast cancer ; prognostic factors ; progesterone binding cyst protein ; tumor markers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Different secretory proteins have been evaluated as possible tumor markers in breast cancer. In this study progesterone binding cyst protein (PBCP) has been quantitated in breast tumor tissue. We report on a correlation of PBCP in cytosols of primary breast cancer, with known prognostic factors. A significant difference (p 〈 0.001, Chi-square) in the frequency of PBCP-negative patients in clinical Stage I and Stage II is found. This was mainly attributed to a difference between T1 and T2 tumors, with less contribution from nodal status. A biological function of PBCP in breast cancer is not known. The distribution of PBCP in our patients has a close resemblance with expected number of node positive patients, suggesting that PBCP as a tumor marker may aid in providing prognostic information in breast cancer patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01807364
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Social and biological factors in relation to survival among black vs. white women with breast cancer (1987)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 9 (1987), S. 135-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: breast cancer ; biological factors ; race ; social factors ; survival
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Longer survival for white women than black women with breast cancer has been observed even when relative survival rates are used and stage at diagnosis is controlled. This study compared prognostic factors in relation to survival for 144 white women and 67 black women with breast cancer diagnosed 1969 to 1979 and identified through the tumor registry. Data were obtained from medical records, the registry, death certificates, and pathology files. Median survival was 7.5 years for whites, vs. 5.6 years for blacks. Significant differences between races were also observed for histological type and grade of tumor, presenting symptoms, and health status at diagnosis. Although Cox multiple regression analyses showed pathological stage at diagnosis and number of positive nodes to be the best predictors of survival in both whites and blacks, the differences in histological type observed in this sample merits further research; blacks have fewer well-differentiated tumors, the type associated with positive estrogen receptors and with better survival.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01807366
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estrogenic effects of phenolphthalein on human breast cancer cellsin vitro (1987)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 9 (1987), S. 151-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: breast cancer ; estrogens ; phenolphthalein ; progesterone receptor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary There is a structural similarity between phenolphthalein and the triphenylethylenes which are known to interact with the estrogen receptor of human breast tissue. Phenolphthalein (10 µM) competed with estrogen for binding to MCF-7 human breast cancer cells in tissue culture and induced the synthesis of the progesterone receptor. The antiestrogen 4-hydroxytamoxifen blocked progesterone receptor induction both by estradiol and by phenolphthalein. Both estradiol (0.1 nM) and phenolphthalein (10 µM) stimulated cell growth as measured by DNA and protein assays. This growth stimulation was blocked by 4-hydroxytamoxifen. Phenolphthalein glucuronide, the major phenolphthalein metabolite, did not inhibit estrogen binding, induce progesterone receptor synthesis, or stimulate MCF-7 cell growth in culture. Yellow phenolphthalein, an impure phenolphthalein preparation used in nonprescription laxative preparations, had similar properties to pure phenolphthalein. Physicians should be aware of the weak estrogenic action of phenolphthalein, especially when recommending laxatives for breast cancer patients with confirmed liver and mesenteric metastases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01807368
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Progesterone receptor activity and relapse-free survival in patients with primary breast cancer: The role of adjuvant chemotherapy (1987)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 9 (1987), S. 191-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: adjuvant chemotherapy ; breast cancer ; progesterone receptor ; prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The prognostic significance of progesterone receptor activity (PgR) with regard to the estimated relapse-free survival (RFS) was studied in 350 one-center patients with primary breast cancer. All receptor assays were performed in one laboratory; PgR levels 〉10 fmol/mg protein were considered positive. Univariate as well as multivariate statistical analyses were used to examine the prognostic significance of several variables. Eighty-nine of the 350 patients received adjuvant CMF chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil). The median observation period was 69 months (range 12–125 months). In the group of 261 patients who did not receive adjuvant CMF, the PgR-status lacked prognostic significance; only the lymph node status significantly affected the RFS (p〈0.00001). In contrast, in the CMF-treated group of patients, the PgR-status was the most powerful predictor of recurrence (p〈0.0001). The menopausal and the lymph-node status increased the predictive value of PgR (p〈0.001). Premenopausal CMF-treated patients with PgR+ tumors had a significantly longer RFS than those with PgR− tumors (p〈0.02). The present data urge the need for a reappraisal of the prognostic significance of PgR and of the mechanism of action of adjuvant chemotherapy in primary breast cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01806379
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The DNA labelling index: A prognostic factor in node-negative breast cancer (1987)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 9 (1987), S. 207-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: breast cancer ; labelling index ; node-negative ; prognosis ; survival
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The DNA labelling index (LI), representing the fraction of S-phase cells, was studied in 76 patients operated on for breast cancer from 1975 to 1979. No patient had lymph node involvement following axillary dissection (N−), and no adjuvant medical treatment was given. Patients were classified in one of two groups according to the median LI. Patient distribution by age, tumour size, and receptor status was identical in both groups. A higher frequency of grade 3 tumours was noted in the group with an LI above the median value. The cell proliferation rate was an important discriminative factor for metastatic potential. The probability of survival at 8 years for patients with a high LI was significantly lower than that of patients with low LI (36% versus 100%;p〈0.001). Relapse-free survival at 8 years was respectively 56% and 83% (p〈0.02). At 2 years, these values were 75% and 100%, indicating the early occurrence of metastases. By contrast, the LI had no prognostic value concerning loco-regional disease recurrence or survival after the appearance of metastasis. No relationship was found in this study between survival and other prognostic factors, namely tumour size, histological grade, or hormone receptor level. The LI currently appears to be the best prognostic factor for N− breast cancer. High risk patients identified by this method could thus be offered adjuvant medical treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01806381
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Specific polypeptide differences in normal versus malignant human breast tissues by two-dimensional electrophoresis (1987)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 10 (1987), S. 177-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: biological markers ; breast cancer ; two-dimensional electrophoresis ; estrogen receptor ; progesterone receptor ; polypeptides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Postmitochondrial and cytosolic polypeptides were extracted from human breast tumors and non-malignant breast tissue and analyzed using high resolution two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE). Approximately 800–1000 postmitochondrial and 600–800 silver stained cytosolic polypeptides were detected over the pH range of 4.8 to 7.5 and molecular weight range of 18–120 kDa. The 2D-PAGE patterns of polypeptides from normal and malignant tissue were very similar, although both qualitative and quantitative polypeptide differences were noted. Six cytosolic polypeptides (pI/molecular weight × 10−3) 5.20/80 kDa, 5.75/43, 6.25/40, 5.43/35, 5.45/34.5, 5.50/34 and 6.15/24 were expressed only in malignant tissues. One constitutive polypeptide, 7.25/52, was not detected in any of the malignant tissue samples. Quantitatively, marked differences in spot density were noted in polypeptides localized mainly in the molecular weight ranges of 22–40 kDa and pI ranges of 5.65–7.00. A general increase in polypeptide expression was noted in malignant tissues as compared to normal. Twenty-two polypeptides were significantly and consistently increased in tumor samples while only one polypeptide was decreased. One polypeptide, p24 (6.15/24) was expressed in greatest concentrations in tumors which also expressed the greatest estrogen receptor content. Expression of p24 was markedly reduced in normal tissue and malignant tissues expressing low levels of estrogen and progesterone receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01810581
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Difference between R5020 and the antiprogestin RU486 in antiproliferative effects on human breast cancer cells (1987)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 10 (1987), S. 37-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: breast cancer ; estrogen ; progestin ; antiprogestin ; antiestrogen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have compared the effects of the progestin R5020 and the antiprogestin RU486 on the growth of the MCF-7 and T47D breast cancer cell lines. Differences between the two compounds were demonstrated in several parameters. 1. Estradiol was required for the efficient inhibition of cell growth of both lines by R5020 but not by RU486. Therefore in the total absence of estrogen (phenol-red free medium), the effects of the two drugs on cell growth were dissociated, RU486 remaining inhibitory while R5020 was inactive. 2. The proteins secreted by cells were differently affected, since R5020 induced a 48K protein and decreased the production of the estrogen-regulated 52K protein, while RU486 had no effect on these two parameters. 3. The morphology of cells treated by R5020 was more altered in the presence of estradiol than in its absence, while that of cells treated by RU486 was not affected whether or not estradiol was present. 4. There was a greater reduction of estrogen receptor sites in MCF-7 cells produced by R5020 than by RU486. Even though the two drugs appear to act through the same progesterone receptor and to inhibit total protein secretion, it is likely that they exert their antiproliferative effects on cultured breast cancer cells by different mechanisms. R5020 antagonizes the stimulation produced by estradiol. RU486 by contrast exerts a more direct progesterone receptor mediated inhibitory effect requiring no synergism by estradiol and therefore does not act through a partial progestin activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01806133
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    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemotherapy drug resistance — a panel discussion (1987)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 10 (1987), S. 133-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: breast cancer ; chemotherapy ; drug accumulation ; endocrine therapy resistance ; glutathione ; multidrug resistance ; P-glycoprotein ; radiation therapy resistance ; resistance mechanisms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Considerable insight into the problem of drug resistance has emerged in the past few years. An understanding of why tumors develop drug resistance is now at hand both from theoretical points of view and from experimental and clinical data. Experimental models of drug resistance, particularly related to the surface P-glycoprotein, have been remarkably successful in teaching us why tumor cells in culture develop resistance to common therapeutic agents. In this panel discussion, the clinical relevance of these and other proposed mechanisms will be examined, with the hope of providing an up-to-date overview on this exciting field.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01810576
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nuclear DNA content and prognosis in human breast cancer: A static cytophotometric study (1987)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 9 (1987), S. 101-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: breast cancer ; DNA ; ploidy ; prognosis ; static cytometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Nuclear DNA content was measured by static cytophotometry in smears from breast carcinomas from 80 women, and the results were correlated with other prognostic variables and survival using multivariate statistical analysis. 49% of patients had diploid tumors and 51% hyperdiploid tumors. There was a strong correlation between DNA ploidy and axillary lymph node status, tumor size, ER status, and short term survival (median follow-up 40 months). Of all parameters measured, ploidy showed the strongest correlation with survival, and was a significant prognostic indicator even when other prognostic factors were taken into account.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01807362
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biological differences among MCF-7 human breast cancer cell lines from different laboratories (1987)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 9 (1987), S. 111-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: breast cancer ; cloning efficiency ; karyotype ; MCF-7 cells ; nude mice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary MCF-7 human breast cancer cells are used widely for studies of tumor biology and hormone mechanism of action. Conflicting results have often been obtained in studies reported from different laboratories. In this report several biological properties were studied in four MCF-7 cell lines obtained from different laboratories. MCF-7 (ATCC), MCF-7, MCF-7 (KO), and MCF-7 (S) demonstrated similar morphology in monolayer culture. Chromosome analysis revealed that three of the lines shared several structural chromosome alterations and marker chromsomes; however, MCF-7 (ATCC) was distinctly different with virtually no chromosomal alterations shared in common with the other lines. All four lines contained variable amounts of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR). The growth rate of MCF-7 (ATCC) was 50% slower than that of the other lines, and, unlike the other three lines, cell proliferation was unaffected by estrogen or antiestrogen treatment despite the presence of receptors. Cloning efficiency of the four lines varied over a 10-fold range. Tumorigenicity in athymic nude mice also varied considerably among these lines. MCF-7 (ATCC) grew well in ovariectomized nude mice, while the other lines required estrogen supplementation. MCF-7 (S) and MCF-7 grew rapidly with estrogen supplementation; MCF-7 (KO) grew very slowly. Antiestrogen therapy inhibited growth of MCF-7, MCF-7 (S), and MCF-7 (KO) tumors, but it had no effect on MCF-7 (ATCC). These data demonstrate that MCF-7 lines from different laboratories may have unique biological properties, despite having a similar karyotype (MCF-7, MCF-7 (S), MCF-7 (KO)). The fundamental differences in karyotype and biological properties of the MCF-7 (ATCC), and the previously reported differences in DNA restriction fragment polymorphism analyses, demonstrate that this line is derived from an entirely different patient. Investigators should carefully document the source and identity of MCF-7 cells used in published experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01807363
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of height, weight, and obesity on breast cancer incidence and recurrence in Auckland, New Zealand (1987)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 9 (1987), S. 145-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: breast cancer ; obesity ; receptor status ; recurrence ; risk factors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The relationship between obesity and breast cancer has been investigated in 1281 Auckland breast cancer patients. Using a definition of obesity as a Body Mass Index (BMI) of ≥ 28 kg/m2, 179 (14%) breast cancer patients were classified as obese. The heights, weights, and BMI of 822 breast cancer patients aged 35–64 compared to 518 randomly selected Auckland women of similar age showed no significant difference. Within the breast cancer patients, there was no variation in nodal status or estrogen and progesterone receptor status between obese and non-obese women. However, tumours 〉 5 cm occurred significantly more often in obese patients. Time to recurrence was reduced in obese women with tumours ≤ 5 cm, no tumour in the axillary nodes, positive estrogen or progesterone receptor, and without metastases at the time of presentation of the disease. Although obesity has not been shown to influence breast cancer incidence, an effect on tumour recurrence is seen in patients with less advanced disease. This is similar to other reports which suggest that obesity is a weak but positive risk factor for recurrence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01807367
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resistance to endocrine therapy A panel discussion (1987)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 9 (1987), S. 165-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: anti-ER therapy ; breast cancer ; clonogenic assay ; endocrine therapy ; growth factors ; non-breast cancer ; receptors ; resistance mechanisms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01806377
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Urinary androgens and tumor estrogen receptor as predictors of ovariectomy response and of survival in advanced breast cancer (1987)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 9 (1987), S. 201-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: breast cancer ; estrogen receptor ; ovariectomy ; urinary androgens ; hormonal factors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Estrogen receptor (ER) status and urinary androgen (A) concentration were simultaneously determined in 50 premenopausal patients submitted to bilateral ovariectomy for advanced carcinoma of the breast. When both the hormonal parameters were positive (ER+ A+), the response to castration was favorable in 87.5% of the cases, with a survival rate of 39% at 5 years. No patient responded to the therapy when both the parameters were negative (ER− A−); none of them was alive at 5 years. An intermediate response (more than 50%) and survival rate at 5 years (more than 20%) was obtained in the group of patients with at least one of the two parameters positive (ER+ A−, or ER− A+). These responses were independent of the topography of neoplastic localizations and the length of the disease-free interval.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01806380
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  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Meningeal carcinomatosis from breast cancer: Spinal cord vs. brain involvement (1987)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 9 (1987), S. 213-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: meningeal ; breast cancer ; metastasis ; site
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twenty-two patients with meningeal carcinoma due to breast cancer were restrospectively evaluated to determine what prognostic factors affected survival. Five patients survived for more than one year. The therapy in these long-term survivors was similar to that of those suffering early death. Patients with primarily brain symptoms survived a median of 21 days vs. 150 days in those with primarily spinal cord symptoms (p = 0.026). The site of involvement may be an important stratification parameter for future prospective trials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01806382
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  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Association between season of first detection of breast cancer and disease progression (1987)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 9 (1987), S. 227-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: age ; breast cancer ; disease-free interval ; photoperiod ; receptor status ; season of recurrence ; season of detection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The season of recurrence of tumour was investigated by follow-up of 1324 patients with breast cancer and compared with the season of initial tumour detection. Unlike primary tumours, where an increased incidence of detection has previously been observed in late spring and early summer, there was no significant seasonal variation in the time of recurrence. However, women with oestrogen receptor positive or progesterone receptor negative primary tumours recurred significantly more frequently in the same season that their primary cancer was initially detected. Overall there was an increased frequency of recurrence one year from diagnosis. Women 〈age 50 who initially found their tumour in winter or autumn had a significantly shorter disease-free interval before recurrence than those first detecting their tumour in summer or spring. This relationship was independent of nodal status and tumour size. Tumours initially detected in winter or autumn thus appeared to follow a more aggressive growth profile. This study indicates that the season of first detection of a breast cancer relates significantly to aspects of the future biologic behaviour of the tumour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01806384
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  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of interval breast carcinomas in a randomized screening trial in Stockholm (1987)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 9 (1987), S. 219-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: breast cancer ; mammography ; screening ; interval cancer ; prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In the interval between screening examinations, some cases of breast cancer are invariably detected clinically in patients whose mammogram was considered to be normal at the earlier screening. During the first interval in the Stockholm study, 60 interval cancers were detected, giving a rate of 1.8 cases/1000 examinations/24 months. About half of these interval cases (31/60) were true interval tumours in that no sign of them could be found on the first mammogram; the other half, non-true, were possible to trace on the first mammogram. It is mainly women under 50 who feature in the interval group, above all in the sub-group of true interval cancers (p〈0.05). The incidence of interval cancer rises, as expected, with the length of the interval (Fig. 1). In the final six months of the 2-year interval the incidence of interval cancers had risen to 88 per cent of the cancers detected in the control group in the same period of time. The cumulative incidence of interval cancers supports the hypothesis that the distribution of sojourn time in the interval 0–2 years is approximately rectangular. This means that shortening the interval by one-half would halve the number of interval cases. If mammography becomes a wide spread screening method for early detection of breast cancer, the number of non-true interval cancers could be a feed back on the effectiveness of the screening. An analysis of the malignancy of the true interval cancers, based on tumour size, axillary status, tumour stage, and estrogen receptor content, shows that these are the more malignant tumours with an unfavourable prognosis, while the control group is intermediate in this respect and the tumours detected at screening have the most favourable prognosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01806383
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  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endocrine therapy of human breast cancer grown in nude mice (1987)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 10 (1987), S. 229-242 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: antiestrogens ; athymic nude mice ; breast cancer ; endocrine therapy ; estrogens ; tumor kinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Although there have been extensive studies of rodent breast tumor models, and of human breast cancer cell lines in culture, there is still need for a human tumor model which can be manipulated experimentally but also provides a valid expression of the tumor cells in a host environment. Athymic nude mice bearing transplanted human breast tumors have been proposed as such a model. This review therefore discusses the use of the athymic nude mouse model of the study of human breast cancer biology, and focuses on four subjects: 1. biological characteristics of heterotransplanted breast tumors; 2. endocrinology and pharmacology of hormonal agents in the nude mouse; 3. endocrine sensitivity of heterotransplanted tumors; and 4. applicability and limitations of this model for the study of human breast cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01805760
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  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in estrogen and progesterone receptor content of primary breast carcinoma during the menstrual cycle (1987)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 10 (1987), S. 273-278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: breast cancer ; estrogen receptors ; progesterone receptors ; menstrual cycle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This study was undertaken to determine if hormone receptor activity in breast cancers changes during different phases of the menstrual cycle. Estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PgR) receptors in seventy-eight primary breast carcinomas from premenopausal women were compared with the phase of the menstrual cycle at the time of biopsy. The frequency of ER positivity did not change, but PgR positivity became significantly higher after the early follicular phase. An increase in mean ER and PgR concentration was found (p〈.05) in the late luteal phase. The results indicate that tumor ER and PgR values change during the menstrual cycle, probably in response to endogenous hormonal fluctuations, and this may account for some vicissitudes in establishing hormone dependence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01805764
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  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection and identification of three thioether conjugates of 2-hydroxyacetanilide by liquid chromatography/electrochemistry (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. 24-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The three 2-mercaptoethanol (ME) thioether conjugates of 2-hydroxyacetanilide (2HAA) are detected and identified using liquid chromatography/electrochemistry (LC/EC). The conjugates are produced either by incubations of 2HAA with liver microsomes in the presence of NADPH and ME or by chemically oxidizing a solution of 2HAA and allowing it to react with ME. Identification of the three isomers is based on retention time and comparison of the electrochemical behavior of model compounds.Production of the three isomers by microsomal protein occurs only in the presence of NADPH and shows that 2HAA proceeds through a cytochrome P-450 mediated pathway to a reactive intermediate similar to acetaminophen, possibly N-acetyl-o-quinoneimine.The relative percentages of each isomer produced were calculated as the percentage of the total peak areas of the isomers. Compound A (2HAA-5-ME) is produced in 53.7% and 24.6%, compound B (2HAA-4-ME) is produced in 16.2% and 70.3% and compound C (2HAA-3-ME) is produced in 30.1% and 5.1% by microsomal incubations and chemical oxidation respectively.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020108
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  • 34
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    Electronic Resource
    Determination of 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylglycol (DHPG) by HPLC with coulometric detection, and correlation with 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) in human plasma (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. 30-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A method for determining plasma 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethyleneglycol (DHPG), a central noradrenaline (NA) metabolite, is described. The method used HPLC with dual coulometric detection set in screen mode of operation. The isolation of DHPG and related catecholamines (noradrenaline, dopamine and dihydroxybenzylamine) was performed on acid washed alumina extracted with 0.2 M HClO4 containing EDTA (0.2%), and reduced glutathione as stabilizer. A reversed phase column with an eluting system containing 0.025 M citric acid-sodium hydrogen phosphate buffer in the ratio 3:2 (v:v) and 5% methanol was used. The experimental results of plasma DHPG levels compared favourably with the results from the literature, and a positively significant correlation with plasma MHPG was found. This method could be used as an alternative in central NA assessment.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020109
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  • 35
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    Electronic Resource
    H. Danielsson and J. Sjövall. Sterols and bile acids. Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam 1985 pp. 447. US $70.00 (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. i 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020113
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  • 36
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    Electronic Resource
    HPLC receptorassay of opioid peptides in the cerebrospinal fluid of lower back pain patients (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. 47-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Total opioid peptide receptoractivity in human cerebrospinal fluid is measured in patients who are experiencing lower back pain. Desalted CSF is eluted from a C18 Sep-Pak and is subjected to a radioreceptorassay (RRA) that employs tritiated etorphin, which is aligand that is effectively displaced by opioids from several different types of opioid receptors. Three clinical groups have significantly different endogenous levels of 2.4, 4.5, and 6.4 pmol of methionine enkephalin-equivalents per mL CSF. Those three levels indicate that more opioid activity is correlated with the amount of drug to relieve the patient's perception of pain. When the total opioid content exceeds an empirical threshold, the sample is further fractionated with gradient reversed phase HPLC, and the opioid receptoractivity in each HPLC fraction is measured to determine the characteristics pattern of those receptoractive opioid peptides present in that patient's CSF. Different HPLC RRA patterns are found for different clinical categories. A possible interpretation of these two different sets of data-is that a lesion exists in one or several of the opioid peptidergic systems (metabolism, receptors) in this particular patient population.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020202
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  • 37
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    Electronic Resource
    Chromatographic studies of human lung elastin digestion products obtained by leucocyte elastase: Comparison between newborn and adult soluble fragments (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. 57-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Human insoluble elastin was prepared from newborn lungs and digested by leucocyte elastase. The soluble fragments were compared to those obtained from adult lung elastin in a previous work (Smyrlaki et al., 1986).Gel filtration on a Bio-Gel P-100 column of newborn elastin allowed the separation of fraction F1N (Mr's 30 000-10 000) which was eluted later than the excluded fraction F1A (Mr's 80 000-30 000) previously isolated from adult elastin. The difference in the sizes of the large peptide fragments originating from both elastins was also shown on SDS-PAGE.Reversed phase HPLC was performed on a C18 column using a multi-step gradient elution procedure. Different patterns were observed for the high (F1N) and the low (F2N) molecular size fragments of newborn elastin. The same peak distribution was obtained with adult elastin. Comparison of the amino acid compositions of the most retained peaks (3, 4 and 5), derived from fractions F1N and F1A, showed analogies for the contents of the major nonpolar amino acids and crosslinks. Thus, this procedure allowed the separation of typical fragments of elastin which might be released in vivo by leucocyte elastase during pulmonary diseases.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020204
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  • 38
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    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of vaginal malodor and efficacy of treatment by high performance ion exchange chromatography (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. 76-78 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: High performance ion exchange chromatography was employed to evaluate the presence of short chain organic acids in the vaginal fluid of a woman troubled by persistent foul vaginal odor, but who did not have typical bacterial vaginosis. The vaginal secretions from this patient were collected on a weighed cotton swab and eluted into water and extracted by acidified ether. Salts of the acids were back-extracted into aqueous solution and chromatographed on an H-form resin column and compared to commercially available standards. A strikingly large amount of caproic acid was found. The caproic acid disappeared after metronidazole therapy, and a subsequent follow-up chromatogram showed a predominance of lactic acid. The success of this technique in evaluating the present case suggests that such a method may prove useful in other types of vaginal infection.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020208
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  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Product news (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. i 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020211
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  • 40
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    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative determination of adriamycin in rat hepatocytes using a volatile extraction buffer, HPLC and fluorescence detection (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. 91-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A rapid and sensitive isocratic technique is described for the determination of concentrations of adriamycin and two of its metabolites, adriamycinol and adriamycinone, in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes. The drugs are easily and efficiently extracted from the cells with an organic mixture (chloroform-n-butanol) after proteolytic digestion with trypsin. Mean recoveries from spiked culture medium cell suspension are greater than 96%. The within run and day-to-day coefficients of variation are less than 7.5%.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020302
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  • 41
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    Electronic Resource
    Computerized chromatographic peak detection using the trigg tracking signal. An application devised for use with an online analog to digital converter connected between an amino acid analyser and a personal computer (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. 104-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Manual integration of the amino acid peaks from physiological samples produced by conventional anion exchange liquid chromatography is a time-consuming process. This paper describes a combined unit, consisting of an analog to digital converter and a personal computer, which was connected in parallel with the chart recorder and the analyser's 570 nm channel of the colorimeter. The computer was programmed to log the digitized data, detect the start, maximum and end of each chromatographic peak, calculate the area under the peak and its retention time and provide a printoct of the results at the end of the elution program. The computer program successfully exploited the Trigg Tracking Signal as both a peak detection and as a moving baseline monitoring device. This approach proved to have an equivalent performance to the manual method for 17 out of the 19 amino acids normally quantitated in physiological samples. The automated detection and quantitation of arginine was unsatisfactory due to its characteristically low profile peak shape, and proline was not measured because the device was not connected to the 440 nm channel of the colorimeter. The automated system provided economic and analytically acceptable solutions to the problem of providing an online integrator versatile enough to be used with the 255 min long amino acid analysis of physiological fluids.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020305
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  • 42
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    Studies on the chromatographic fractionation of metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene in faeces and urine from germfree and conventional rats (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. 120-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Rats, germfree and conventional, were dosed with 14C-labelled benzo[a]pyrene. Faeces and urine were collected. Metabolites in faces were effectively extracted with a new method using a combination of solvents and solid sorbents. Metabolites in urine were extracted with octadecylsilane-bonded silica. The metabolites were fractionated into groups by chromatography on a cation exchanger (SP-LH-20 or SP-Sephadex C-25) and an anion exchanger (TEAP-LH-20). Some of the groups were further purified by column chromatography and analysed by HPLC and TLC. The analyses show a complex pattern of metabolism. A large part of the metabolites (9-24% depending on animal type and route of excretion) had amphoteric properties, e.g. like glutathione and cysteine conjugates. The abundance of conjugates sensitive to β-glucuronidase and sulphatase was low. The relative amount of acidic conjugates in faeces was much higher in the germfree than in the conventional rats indicating the influence of the intestinal flora on the metabolism. The results support the view that the mercapturic acid pathway is a quantitatively important metabolic route for benzo[a]pyrene in rats. The methods of extraction and group fractionation were designed to be generally applicable to the analysis of lipophilic xenobiotics and their metabolites.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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    Determination of galactose in human plasma by HPLC with electrochemical detection (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. 95-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Galactose in plasma from patients with hepatic diseases who had undergone low level galactose infusion was determined by using HPLC with electrochemical detection (LCEC). Agreement between galactose concentration determined by the LCEC and a fluorometric method was remarkably good at moderate levels of galactose in plasma. However, the fluorometric method is not suitable for samples containing very small amounts of galactose (blood from hepatic veins) and even for a few samples at moderate galactose content (blood from peripheral veins), suggesting the presence of an endogenous interference. There was no interference for the quantitation of galactose by the LCEC method, by virtue both of the specificity involved in the electrochemical detection and the separation by liquid chromatography. The detection limit of the LCEC method was 0.4 mg galactose/L blood.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    Comparison of iodinated [Nle15]- and [Met15]-gastrin17 prepared by reversed-phase HPLC (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. 159-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 125I-[Nle15]-gastrin17 prepared by the iodogen method can be separated by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography into two peaks, both of which elute after [Nle15]-gastrin17. Direct determination of the specific activities of the two derivatives by microbore reversed-phase HPLC indicated that they were the mono- and di-iodinated species. In contrast the two peaks obtained with [Met15]-gastrin17 iodinated under the same conditions eluted earlier, relative to the appropriate gastrin17 standard, than the [Nle15]-gastrin derivatives. Treatment of either peak with 0.75 M dithiothreitol at 56°C or 95°C resulted in progressive conversion to compounds migrating in relative positions similar to the 125I-[Nle15]-gastrin17 derivatives. Direct determination of the specific activity of the earlier eluting [Met15]-gastrin17 derivative before reduction indicated that it was the mono-iodinated species. It thus appears likely that iodination of [Met15]-gastrin17 by the iodogen method results predominantly in the formation of mono- and di-125I-[Met sulphoxide15]-gastrin17. To avoid problems arising from oxidation of the methionine residue of gastrin during iodination, the use of 125I-[Nle15]-gastrin17 in binding studies is therefore recommended.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    Product news (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. ii 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020415
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  • 46
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    Micro-scale sequence analysis from the N-terminus of peptides using the fluorogenic edman reagent 4-N, N-dimethylamino-1-naphthyl isothiocyanate (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. 139-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The fluorogenic Edman reagent 4-N,N-dimethylamino-1-naphthyl isothiocyanate (DNTC) was reacted with amino acids and peptides, cyclized by acid and the liberated 4-N,N-dimethylamino-1-naphthyl thiohydantoin (DNTH) amino acids were then separated and detected by HPLC. The fluorescence intensities of DNTH-amino acids except DNTH-proline and -serine were dramatically increased in the alkaline solution and organic solvent. Thus, the postcolumn reaction with alkaline acetonitrile solution was adopted in HPLC. The polar and aromatic amino acids afforded two DNTH-amino acids on derivatization with DNTC and cyclization with acids. These were suggested to be stereoisomers of DNTH-amino acids. The sequence analysis of 0.5 nmol Leu-enkephalin was achieved by the double coupling method with DNTC and phenyl isothiocyanate followed by the proposed HPLC system.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020402
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    Determination of plasma cytidine deaminase activity by HPLC (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. 148-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Cytidine deaminase is an enzyme of nucleic acid metabolism, the measurement of which has been proposed as a useful test for the early detection of pre-eclamptic toxaemia in pregnancy. The enzyme converts the nucleoside cytidine to uridine, with the release of ammonia, and it is the measurement of this latter compound that forms the basis of the conventional methods for the assay of cytidine deaminase. The low activity of the enzyme requires long incubation times, which in turn increase the possibility of contamination by exogenous ammonia. We have developed a new method for determining cytidine deaminase activity, utilising high performance liquid chromatography to measure the production of uridine. This method uses much shorter incubation times and is unaffected by ammonia contamination. This paper describes the development of the method and its comparison with the established assay. The relative merits of each are discussed. Finally, the adaptation of incubation and chromatographic conditions, in order to measure other enzymes of nucleic acid metabolism which are of clinical interest, is briefly mentioned.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020404
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    HPLC determination of polyamines in the femtomole range (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. 173-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A new method for the chromatographic determination of polyamines is presented. The procedure consists of the reaction of 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate (FMOC-Cl) with polyamines at 50 ± 1°C for 10 min, followed by stepwise elution chromatography. The reaction is simple and the derivatives are stable. All the polyamine-FMOC derivatives can be separated within 13 min. The linearity of this method is satisfactory in the range of 0.5-100 pmol. The detection limits for putrescine, cadaverine, spermidine and spermine are 83.3 fmol, 109 fmol, 25.5 fmol and 22.7 fmol respectively.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020410
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    Contraction properties and motor nucleus morphology of the two heads of the cat flexor carpi ulnaris muscle (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 191 (1987), S. 17-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Previous studies have examined the isometric contraction properties of the two heads of the cat flexor carpi ulnaris acting as a single unit. In this study, the contraction properties and fiber architecture of each head of the flexor carpi ulnaris were determined separately and related to previous reports on the histochemical characteristics of this muscle. The morphology of retrograde-labeled motor nuclei for the two heads of the muscle was also examined. The humeral head had a significantly longer contraction time (48 msec) than the ulnar head (36 msec) as well as a significantly lower tetanic fusion frequency (28 Hz vs. 35 Hz). The maximum tetanic tension per gram of muscle tissue was 71% greater in the ulnar head. Motoneurons of the flexor carpi ulnaris formed a column 12 mm long and 0.5 mm wide in the center of the ventral grey in spinal segments C8 and T1. The ulnar head had α-motoneurons with greater soma diameters than those in the humeral head. The smaller soma diameter, slower contraction time, and weaker contraction in the humeral head correlate with the preponderance of oxidative-metabolic muscle fiber types found in the humeral head by other workers. These correlations suggest that the humeral head plays a major role in maintaining a sustained antigravity tension that prevents the wrist from buckling during standing.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051910103
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    Ontogeny of the hyobranchial apparatus in the salamanders Ambystoma talpoideum (Ambystomatidae) and Notophthalmus viridescens (Salamandridae): The ecological morphology of two neotenic strategies (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 191 (1987), S. 205-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Comparison of metamorphosis of skull and hyobranchial system in two species of neotenic salamanders reveals two different types of neoteny. Ambystoma talpoideum is completely neotenic owing to delayed metamorphosis. Notophthalmus viridescens exhibits limited neoteny as a result of incomplete metamorphosis. Morphological details of neoteny are compared to life history in both species in order to discuss the ecological morphology of the two neotenic strategies. Comparisons to Taricha granulosa, Triturus vulgaris, and Ambystoma gracile indicate that these two strategies are widely employed and may represent familial patterns.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051910210
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    Neuromast topography in urodele amphibians (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 191 (1987), S. 247-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Using scanning electron microscopy I determined neuromast number and orientation, neuromast sensory epithelial surface area and relative position, hair cell number per neuromast, hair cell size, and stitch formation in aquatic urodeles. All aquatic salamanders examined (34 specimens, 20 species, 16 genera, nine families) had neuromasts. The basic pattern of neuromast organization was similar in all species, consisting of a single row of circumorbital (supraorbital + infraorbital) neuromasts and anteriorly along the snout two rows of nasal and three rows of maxillary neuromasts. Nasal and maxillary groups consisted of orthogonally oriented neuromasts. Variation in most parameters occured at every taxonomic level, between individuals of the same species, and even on opposite sides of the same individual. Among species, primary neuromast number ranged from 94 to 150, with plethodontids having higher numbers. Despite high intraspecific variation, neuromast number fell into a sufficiently narrow range to be useful systematically. Hair cell number per neuromast was greater in species with larger animals. Hair cell number per neuromast and number of primary neuromasts did not increase with growth. In some species primary neuromasts divided to form secondary neuromasts (together termed a stitch). Two types of stitches-transverse and longitudinal-were formed. Transverse stitches were characteristic of ambystomatids and cryptobranchids, longitudinal stitches were characteristic of proteids and salamandrids. Because transverse stitches are also characteristic of anurans, this trait may be the generalized condition in at least these two amphibian orders. With stitch formation total number of hair cells on the dorsal surface of the head of these animals can be increased over tenfold to almost 20,000. Ecologically, lentic forms tended to form transverse stitches, while lotic forms had single neuromasts in epidermal pits or longitudinal stitches in epidermal grooves. Lotic forms also tended to have more primary neuromasts and more nasal and maxillary neuromasts.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051910306
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    Ultrastructural investigations on the labral glands of Daphnia obtusa (Crustacea, Cladocera) (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 193 (1987), S. 23-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The labral glands of Daphnia consist of three distinct functional units on each side: (1) several cells at the base of the head, (2) two large cells at the base of the labrum and one large cell (cell A) in the median part of the labrum and (3) one large cell (cell B) in the median part of the labrum. These gland cells do not form a syncytium, contrary to reports by previous investigators. With the exception of cell B, they have a well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum and many active Golgi complexes. The Golgi activity changes during the molt cycle. The Golgi activity of the cells of the head base is different from that of the large cells of the labrum. Since clear exocytotic phenomena were not observed, the secretion can be assumed to flow into the hemolymph after accumulation in the enlarged intercellular spaces. Cell B has a distinctive cytoplasmic ultrastructure the function of which is not yet understood.The four large cells of the labrum are in contact with a duct cell (or several duct cells) characterized by a deep infolding of the plasma membrane. This delimits a narrow lumen, which contains no secretion. No passage of substance is visible from the gland cells to the duct cell(s).
    Additional Material: 20 Ill.
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    Comparative study of the adrenergic innervation of the teleost gill (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 193 (1987), S. 63-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The adrenergic innervation of structures in the gills of six teleost species was studied with catecholamine fluorescence histochemistry. The species studied were the following: sand flathead, Platycephalus bassensis and blue-spot flathead Platycephalus caeuruleopunctatus (Platycephalidae); smooth toadfish, Tetractenos glaber (Tetraodontidae); Australian short-finned eel, Anguilla australis (Anguillidae); river blackfish, Gadopsis marmoratus (Gadopsidae); and common carp Cyprinus carpio (Cyprinidae).In all species except C. carpio fluorescent components were observed in the branchial nerves in the gill arch.In the arterio-arterial vascular pathway, the afferent and efferent branchial arteries were innervated only in Cyprinus. Fluorescent nerve fibres were found on afferent filamental arteries of all species except A. australis and on many afferent lamellar arterioles of all species except T. glaber. The secondary lamellae were devoid of fluorescent nerve fibres in all species. In Cyprinus and Anguilla, fluorescent nerve fibres were observed on occasional efferent lamellar arterioles. In Cyprinus, there was an additional innervation on the basal one-third of the efferent filamental artery. The innervation of the arteriovenous vascular pathway was similar in all species. Fluorescent nerve fibres were found on nutritive arterioles, and in the core of each filament between the surface epithelium and the wall of the filament venous sinus.Since most of the adrenergic innervation was found on afferent vessels of the arterio-arterial pathway, it is suggested that adrenergic nerves and circulating catecholamines may have distinct functions in the regulation of blood flow through the gills.
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    Ovary of the pipefish, Syngnathus scovelli (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 193 (1987), S. 117-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Gross dissection, light microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy were used to generate a detailed understanding of the ovarian anatomy of the pipefish, Syngnathus scovelli. The ovary is a cylindrical tube bounded by an outer layer consisting of a smooth muscle wall and an inner layer of luminal epithelium, with follicles sandwiched between the two layers. A remarkable feature of this ovary is a sequential pattern of follicle development. This pattern begins at the germinal ridge with a gradient of follicles of increasing developmental age extending to the mature edge. The germinal ridge is an outpocketed region of the luminal epithelium containing early germinal cells and somatic prefollicular cells. Therefore, the germinal ridge and luminal epithelium share the same ovarian compartment and follicle formation occurs within this compartment. The mature edge is defined as the site of oocyte maturation and ovulation. The outer ovarian wall contains unmyelinated nerve fibers throughout. Longitudinally oriented unmyelinated nerves are also observed near the smooth muscle bundles associated with the mature edge. Oocytes near the mature edge are polarized such that the germinal vesicle (nucleus) is generally oriented toward the luminal epithelium. The sandwichlike organization of the ovary results in follicles that have a shared theca. An extensive lymphatic network is also interspersed among the follicles. Thus, the exceptional features of the pipefish ovary make it particularly well suited for the examination of early events in oogenesis. Specifically, we characterize pipefish folliculogenesis in detail.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051930202
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    Hemocytes of Leiobunum limbatum and two other species of harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones): Morphological classification and functional aspects (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 193 (1987), S. 185-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The hemocytes of Leiobunum limbatum, Mitopus morio, and Opilio ravennae number from about 8,000 (juveniles) to 41,000 (pregnant females) per microliter of hemolymph. Five different types of hemocytes occur in all three species and both sexes. According to their ultrastructural appearance and their similarities to other arthropod hemocytes these five types are designated as prohemocyte, plasmatocyte, granulocyte, coagulocyte, and spherulocyte. From the ultrastructural point of view the prohemocytes are interpreted as stem cells for plasmatocytes which on their part differentiate into granulocytes. Transitional stages which would indicate the origin of coagulocytes and spherulocytes could not be found.Granulocytes and spherulocytes are interpreted as being storage cells; coagulocytes burst when hemolymph is transferred to a microscopic slide. Plasmatocytes are involved in the removal of dead cells or cell fragments. Plasmatocytes are demonstrated as being able to phagocytize and digest bacteria.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051930206
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    Seasonal changes in a lizard pituitary: Immunocytochemistry and ultrastructural morphometry of lactotropes, corticotropes, and gonadotropes (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 193 (1987), S. 225-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Pituitary glands of adult male lizards (Anolis carolinensis) were studied in an effort to monitor seasonal cytologic changes quantitatively. Cells were identified immunocytochemically and on the basis of ultrastructural characteristics.Electron micrographs of the anterior pars distalis (containing lactotropes, corticotropes, and gonadotropes) of lizards collected in spring and fall were analyzed morphometrically. Lactotropes are the most numerous cell type in this area and occupy the largest volume. They are closely followed by corticotropes. Neither kind of cell undergoes a marked seasonal change in number or size or in the percent of the analyzed volume they occupy. Morphometric and ultrastructural criteria indicate an increased level of activity in all three kinds of secretory cells in the spring, although changes are relatively modest in corticotropes and lactotropes.Gonadotropes occupy less than half the volume of either of the other secretory cells in the analyzed area, but undergo considerable seasonal modification. They are larger (〉 40%) and more numerous (20%) in the spring, and show an increase in biosynthetic organelles at this time. Although the density of secretion granules may be reduced in the enlarged spring gonadotropes, the number of granules per cell may not be altered seasonally.Seasonal changes in the three cell types analyzed are moderate in contrast to the cytologic modifications described in pituitary cells following castration or other experimental procedures. Necrotic cells appear to be a normal component of the pituitary gland of Anolis carolinensis throughout the year.
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    Formation of the septate junction in regenerating planarian gastrodermis (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 192 (1987), S. 205-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Septate junctions develop initially just basad from apical junctional complexes at the apical ends of regenerating gastrodermal cells. The first morphological indication of differentiation of the junction is the appearance of gentle undulations of the plasma membranes of apposing cells. Subsequently dense dots develop at fairly regular intervals at the cytoplasmic surface of one cell, while SER cisternae become localized opposite them near the surface of the apposing cell. The dense dots are associated with bulges which narrow the intercellular space. Later the dense dots are replaced by filaments aligned along the inner leaflet of the parent cell. Strands of amorphous deposits form connections between SER cisternae and the sister membrane on the opposite side of the junction. Ruthenium red staining provides information on precursors which occupy the intercellular space between the apposed plasma membranes. As development of the junction progresses, ruthenium red stains only the newly formed septa but not the interseptal matrix. Regular arrangement of individual septa seems to be completed under the control of V-projections from both of their surfaces. Precursors for the structural material of the septa may be a secretory product derived from the SER. Dense dots and their derived filaments probably serve as reinforcing material for strengthening the cell membrane of the junction.
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    Fine structure and histochemistry of the freshly extruded and hardened spermatophore of the spiny lobster, Panulirus interruptus (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 192 (1987), S. 237-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Freshly extruded and hardened spermatophores of the spiny lobster, Panulirus interruptus, were compared using light and electron microscopy (EM). The spermatophore is composed of a sperm tube embedded in an acellular matrix. The sperm tube consists of tightly packed spherical cavities in an acellular material within which the sperm lie. The extruded spermatophore is white, soft, and sticky on all surfaces. The highly coiled sperm tube can be seen near the surface of the foot of the spermatophore, which is the side that will attach to the exoskeleton of the female. The opposite surface, the cap, will harden and darken after exposure to seawater. In the soft spermatophore, the matrix surrounding the sperm tube and extending from foot to cap is composed of small (2-μm) granules embedded in a loose weave of filaments. In the hardened spermatophore, the matrix is composed of small (4-μm) empty spheres. At the cap region the matrix darkens, and at the foot the granules dissolve to form a thick layer characterized by vertical striations. The structure of this spermatophore is compared to those spermatophores of other decapods that have been described at the EM level. The chemical composition and possible function(s) of the various components are discussed.
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    Morphology of the nervous and muscular systems in the heads of pedicellariae from the sea urchin Echinus esculentus L (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 193 (1987), S. 35-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Light and electron microscopy reveal that simple receptor cells in the jaw epithelium of sea urchin pedicellariae are connected by nerve tracts to the neuropile that coordinates jaw movements. The muscles responsible for jaw opening and closure and for flexion of the stem are all innervated in this neuropile. At least two types of vesicles occur at the simple synapses between neurone profiles and at neuromuscular junctions. The muscles include both striated and smooth fibres; however, their distribution varies according to pedicellaria type, and an unexpected arrangement exists in trifoliate pedicellariae.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051930105
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    Morphology, sense organs, and regeneration of the forelegs (whips) of the whip spider Heterophrynus elaphus (Arachnida, Amblypygi) (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 193 (1987), S. 75-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In the whip spider Heterophrynus elaphus the first pair of legs is specialized to serve sensory functions. The morphology of these “whips” and the sensory organs of their tarsi and tibiae are described using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The tarsus is normally subdivided into 74 segments and bears 7 types of sensory hairs: bristles, club sensilla, two types of porous sensilla, two types of rod sensilla, and leaflike hairs. In addition there are modified claws, 3 kinds of slit sense organs, a “pit organ,” a “plate organ,” and probably a joint receptor. The tibia is usually subdivided into 33 segments. In addition to bristles the tibia bears 7 trichobothria at constant locations and a lyriform slit sense organ. The functional and systematic implications of these findings are discussed.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051930108
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    Cytological and cytochemical investigations of development from dormant gemmules of the marine sponge, Haliclona loosanoffi (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 193 (1987), S. 99-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Vernalized gemmules of the marine sponge Haliclona loosanoffi were cultured at 20°C, fixed at 24-hour intervals (0-11 days), and processed for light microscopy by using a variety of absorption and fluorescent staining methods. The cytochemistry and morphology of development were compared to the well-studied developmental patterns of freshwater sponges and to the patterns described in the marine sponge Suberites domuncula. The precocious development of H. loosanoffi gemmules involves early morphogenesis occurring within the unhatched gemmule, as opposed to the patterns in freshwater sponges, where most development occurs after the gemmule hatches. Definitive sponge tissue surrounding a single osculum is present 9 days after release from dormancy.
    Additional Material: 25 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051930110
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    Distribution and innervation of short, interdigitated muscle fibers in parallel-fibered muscles of the cat hindlimb (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 191 (1987), S. 1-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The cat hindlimb contains several long, biarticular strap muscles composed of parallel muscle fascicles that attach to short tendons. Three of these muscles -sartorius, tenuissimus, and semitendinosus -were studied by dissecting individual gold-stained fibers and determining the surface distribution of acetylcholinesterase-stained end-plate zones. In each muscle, fascicles were composed of muscle fibers that ran only part of the fascicle length and tapered to end as fine strands that interdigitated with other tapering fibers within the muscle mass. Most muscle fibers measured 2-3 cm in length. Fascicles of muscle fibers were crossed by short transverse bands of endplates (1 mm wide by 1-5 mm long) that were spaced at fairly regular intervals from the origin to the insertion of the muscle. The endplate pattern suggested that the fiber fascicles were organized into multiple longitudinal strips. In the sartorius, the temporospatial distribution of electromyographic (EMG) activity evoked by stimulating fine, longitudinal branches of the parent nerve confirmed that each strip was selectively innervated by a small subset of the motor axons. These axons appeared to distribute their endings throughout the entire length of the fascicles, providing for synchronous activation of their in-series fibers.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051910102
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    Optimal design of vertebrate and insect sarcomeres (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 191 (1987), S. 49-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: This paper offers a model for the normalized length-tension relation of a muscle fiber based upon sarcomere design. Comparison with measurements published by Gordon et al. (′66) shows an accurate fit as long as the inhomogeneity of sarcomere length in a single muscle fiber is taken into account. Sequential change of filament length and the length of the cross-bridge-free zone leads the model to suggest that most vertebrate sarcomeres tested match the condition of optimal construction for the output of mechanical energy over a full sarcomere contraction movement. Joint optimization of all three morphometric parameters suggests that a slightly better (0.3%) design is theoretically possible. However, this theoretical sarcomere, optimally designed for the conversion of energy, has a low normalized contraction velocity; it provides a poorer match to the combined functional demands of high energy output and high contraction velocity than the real sarcomeres of vertebrates.The sarcomeres in fish myotomes appear to be built suboptimally for isometric contraction, but built optimally for that shortening velocity generating maximum power. During swimming, these muscles do indeed contract concentrically only. The sarcomeres of insect asynchronous flight muscles contract only slightly. They are not built optimally for maximum output of energy across the full range of contraction encountered in vertebrate sarcomeres, but are built almost optimally for the contraction range that they do in fact employ.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051910106
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    Lymph heart musculature in birds (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 191 (1987), S. 77-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Development and innervation of the lymph heart musculature of chicken, emu, rhea, and duck was studied by electron microscopy at posthatch ages from 3 days to adulthood. Development of innervation was monitored by acetylcholinesterase staining. Horseradish peroxidase was used to determine the extent of the transverse tubule network. Chickens were unusual among these birds in that lymph heart myocytes had already undergone a definitive differentiation and degeneration by 3 days. In ducks and ratite birds, lymph heart myocytes more slowly but progressively differentiate a cytomorphology that does not conform in all characteristics to cardiac or skeletal muscle and even resembles in some aspects, smooth muscle. Myofibrils become the dominant cytoplasmic structure, transverse tubules form ‘internal couplings’ with agranular reticulum cisternae, and ‘external couplings’ are formed between myocytes at myomyal junctions. The myomyal junctions also contain AChE-positive reaction product and some subplasmalemmal vesicles that lack a dense core. The lymph heart myocardium of ducks of 2 weeks demonstrated mitotic figures. In adult ducks the myosatellite cell numbers diminish and a characteristic pattern of myocyte degeneration appears. In juvenile ducks and ratites some myocytes differentiate to conductile cells, much as the conductile myocytes and myofibers of the blood heart. The lymph heart innervation is described, and the role of nerve in differentiation and maintenance of myocyte morphology in the lymph heart is discussed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051910108
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    Scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion casts of the glomeruli of two species of turtles (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 191 (1987), S. 145-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Scanning electron micrographs of microcorrosion casts of the renal vascular system of Pseudemys scripta and Testudo hermanni show fairly well-developed, round glomeruli in the former (mean diameter of casts: 83.1 μm) and fewer but bigger, ovoid glomeruli (mean diameter of casts: 111.1 μm/131.6 μm) in the more arid-adapted. T. hermanni. Furthermore, the intrarenal development of the pertiubular capillary system differs in these two species. These relatively minor morphological differences correlate well with the major differences in the ecology of these species, as well as with physiological data on urine composition from the literature.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051910205
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    Specializations within the lumbosacral spinal cord of the pigeon (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 194 (1987), S. 41-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The prominent accessory lobes of Lachi in birds are considered to be marginal nuclei; similar nuclei have been implicated in mechanoreceptive functions in snakes and lampreys. Reptile studies emphasized the involvement of the denticulate ligament with this mechanoreceptive function. This investigation examines the fine structure of the accessory lobes of Lachi in pigeons and their interaction with ligaments for features which might support such a mechanoreceptive function. In the lumbosacral area of the spinal cord, the lateral longitudinal ligaments and the ventral longitudinal ligament are hypertrophied. The ventral transverse ligaments are present only within the lumbosacral segments of the spinal cord and they interconnect with the lateral and ventral longitudinal ligaments. The lateral longitudinal ligament makes intimate contact with the spinal cord, and many glial processes from the spinal cord mingle with and are firmly attached to collagenous fibers of the ligament. The lobes lie dorsal to the lateral longitudinal ligament in the exact area where it interconnects with the transverse ligament. The lobe's multipolar neurons have a number of synaptic contacts but no unusual specializations were noted. Most of each lobe is composed of interdigitating saccular structures filled to varying degrees with flocculent material. The sacs are extensions of the cytoplasm of neuroglial cells, which also give rise to membranes surrounding neuronal processes and the sacs themselves. A possible functional relationship of the lobes and the ligaments of the lumbosacral spinal segments within the vertebral column is described.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051940104
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    Functional characteristics of rat gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior muscles during growth (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 194 (1987), S. 75-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Several morphological and functional characteristics of the rat gastrocnemius medialis and tibialis anterior muscle were studied in young, adult, and old rats to assess the influence of growth. Antagonist muscles were studied to determine how changes of muscle architecture and functional characteristics are influenced by the demands of increased body weight and by the specific roles of these muscles in locomotion.Both muscles change drastically, for instance, in muscle length, volume, physiological cross-sectional area aponeurosis length, and their muscular geometry changes allometrically for both muscles. The relationships between muscle length, distance between origin and insertion, tendon length, and tibial length also change with growth. Both muscles are rather pennate, so that the increase of physiological cross-sectional area is a major factor in the determination of muscle length.No significant difference could be shown for fundamental physiological characteristics (i.e., functional characteristics normalized for muscular dimensions such as maximal work per unit volume). The changes of morphological and functional variables of both muscles parallel each other as is apparent from the index of antagonist characteristics, which is constant for all variables studied with the exception of muscle volume and tendon length.Consequently, the considerable and similar changes of TA and GM morphology and functional characteristics that take place during growth from approximately four weeks postnatally is not caused by changes of muscular material but by changes of the amount and architectural arrangement of the material involved.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051940107
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    The growth of the skull and jaw muscles and its functional consequences in the New Zealand rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 194 (1987), S. 143-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Between weaning and adulthood, the length and height of the facial skull of the New Zealand rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) double, whereas much less growth occurs in the width of the face and in the neurocranium. There is a five-fold increase in mass of the masticatory muscles, caused mainly by growth in cross-sectional area. The share of the superficial masseter in the total mass increases at the cost of the jaw openers. There are changes in the direction of the working lines of a few muscles. A 3-dimensional mechanical model was used to predict bite forces at different mandibular positions. It shows that young rabbits are able to generate large bite forces at a wider range of mandibular positions than adults and that the forces are directed more vertically. In young and adult animals, the masticatory muscles differ from each other with respect to the degree of gape at which optimum sarcomere length is reached. Consequently, bite force can be maintained over a range of gapes, larger than predicted on basis of individual length - tension curves. Despite the considerable changes in skull shape and concurrent changes in the jaw muscles, the direction of the resultant force of the closing muscles and its mechanical advantage remain stable during growth. Observed phenomena suggest that during development the possibilities for generation of large bite forces are increased at the cost of a restriction of the range of jaw excursion.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051940204
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    The exocrine glands of Dysdercus cingulatus (Heteroptera, Pyrrhocoridae): Morphology and function of nymphal glands (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 194 (1987), S. 195-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The exocrine glandular system of the nymphs and the adults of Dysdercus cingulatus were studied. The D. cingulatus nymphs present 3 dorso-abdominal glands (lying under the 3rd, 4th, and 5th abdominal terga) and a pair of dorso-lateral pygidial glands on the pygidium (tergum 8). Histological and ultrastructural studies show that the upper and lower walls of the dorso-abdominal glands differ in structure; 3 types of cells were described: epidermal cells, unicellular secretory cells, and multicellular secretory units. Each of these exocrine glands plays an important part in the behavior of the nymphs (gregariousness, alarm, defense). The morphology of the various glands is discussed, and the chemistry of their secretions and their biological functions are considered.
    Additional Material: 30 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051940208
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    Masthead (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020101
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    Direct determination of vanillylmandelic acid in human urine by reversed-phase HPLC (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. 1-3 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A reversed-phase HPLC method for the determination of epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, and vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) has been developed. The concentration of VMA in the urine of hypertensive patients was measured by direct injection after centrifugation. The method is useful for the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma.
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    Analysis of p-aminobenzoic acid and its metabolites in urine and plasma by ion pair HPLC in the NBT-PABA pancreatic function test (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. 13-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: An ion pair HPLC method which can simultaneously detect the major metabolites of an exocrine pancreatic function testing agent (NBT-PABA) in plasma and urine has been developed. This assay has been applied to a pharmacokinetic study of PABA and its metabolites in 3 healthy adult volunteers following the oral administration of 1 g NBT-PABA. The 6 h testing period currently used to collect urine following the NBT-PABA ingestion is adequate for the recovery of PABA and its metabolites. Plasma determination of these compounds may provide an improved evaluation of the pancreatic performance in patients with abnormal liver or kidney function.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020105
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    Rapid purification of arrowhead proteinase inhibitors by high performance hydrophobic interaction chromatography on a PEG bonded phase column (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. 20-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A new hydrophobic interaction HPLC column is used for the rapid purification of proteinase inhibitors isolated from arrowhead. The inhibitors, partially purified by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography, are resolved into three components with a mobile phase gradient of decreasing salt concentration from 1.1 M ammonium sulfate in 0.01 M phosphate buffer to phosphate buffer alone. This new HPLC column is found to be very useful for rapid, semipreparative purification of hydrophobic protein and sample loading of up to 1.6 mg of inhibitors can be fully resolved on an analytical column.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020107
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    Reduction of quinones with zinc metal in the presence of zinc ions: Application of post-column reactor for the fluorometric detection of vitamin K compounds (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. 4-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A simple and effective chemical method has been developed for quantitatively reducing quinones, which is based on their reaction with zinc metal and zinc ions. Comparison of this method with conventional electrochemical reduction revealed the chemical method to be considerably superior. The reduction of quinones to their corresponding hydroquinones was verified by ultraviolet spectrophotometry. The reduction methodology has been applied to derivatize phylloquinone and its metabolite, namely phylloquinone 2,3-epoxide, ‘on-line’, with subsequent fluorometric detection of the generated hydroquinones.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020103
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    Simultaneous determination of gastrodin and its metabolite by HPLC (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. 17-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A rapid and specific HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of gastrodin and its metabolite gastrodigenin (p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol) in rat plasma, bile, liver, urine and faeces is described. The separation was achieved by using a reversed phase column (YWG-C18) eluted with methanol-water (2.5:97.5 v/v). Phloroglucinolum was used as internal standard and the peaks were detected at UV 221 nm. The protein precipitation with ethanol was a very simple and rapid method for sample preparation. The gastrodin and gastrodigenin were quantitated by measuring the peak-height ratios. There was a linear concentration range of 10-320 μg/mL in the assay for both compounds. The coefficients of variation (within-day) for samples spiked with gastrodin and gastrodigenin were 2.94% and 3.08%, respectively. The method demonstrated a high specificity and was suitable for use in pharmacokinetic studies.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020106
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    HPLC measurement of penticainide and desalkylpenticainide in biological fluids (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. 34-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A simple HPLC method has been developed to measure the antiarrhythmic agent penticainide and its N-desalkyl metabolite in biological fluids. Solvent extraction of a small (200 μL) sample volume with direct analysis of the extract is used to measure the plasma and urinary concentrations of these compounds attained during chronic therapy, although a larger sample volume (1.0 mL) and prior concentration of the extract are required for single oral dose work. In each case chromatographic analysis is performed using a microparticulate (5 μm) silica column and methanolic ammonium perchlorate (10 mM, pH 6.7) as eluent with UV detection (260 nm). No endogenous sources of interference have been encountered and potential interference from other drugs is minimal.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020110
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    Product news (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. ii 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020114
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    Calendar of events (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. ii 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020115
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    Determination of artemether in plasma and whole blood using HPLC with flow-through polarographic detection (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. 53-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: An HPLC method with polarographic detection for the trace determination of artemether in plasma and whole blood was developed and applied to pharmacokinetic and clinical pharmacological studies. The method showed high sensitivity and selectivity because of the easy reduction of the peroxide linkage of artemether at the mercury drop electrode. The detection limit was 10 ng and the detector response was linear over the range of 10 ng to 1 μg artemether injected onto the column. The largest relative standard deviation of 10 replicate measurements of standard solutions (concentrations of 10 ng/mL-1 μg/mL) was 8%. The recovery from whole blood and plasma of added drug (concentrations of 15-48 ng/mL) was 71-100%.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020203
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    HPLC determination of ferrochelatase activity in human liver (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. 71-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A method utilizing HPLC to estimate ferrochelatase activity in human liver cells is presented. A partially purified homogenate of liver cells is incubated with mesoporphyrin IX and cobalt(II) ion. The ferrochelatase in the homogenate incorporates the cobalt(II) ion into the mesoporphyrin. After a fixed time (90 min) the porphyrins are extracted into an ethyl acetate-acetic acid mixture. The porphyrins are then separated using reversed phase HPLC with a mobile phase of methanol-acetonitrile-phosphate buffer pH 3.0 (200:60:30 v/v). The enzyme activity is estimated by measuring the rate of utilization of mesoporphyrin. The optimum pH and substrate concentration for the reaction have been determined.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020207
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    Identification of isoprenoid-type components in human expired air: A possible shunt pathway in sterol metabolism (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. 66-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Expired air samples have been analyzed from three groups of human subjects (normal, liver dysfunction, lung cancer) and the baboon (Papio anubus). Of the several hundred compounds present, three compounds were of particular interest due to their structural relationship to the isoprenoid-type intermediates in the sterol pathway. These compounds were 1-methyl-4-(1-methyl-ethenyl)-cyclohexene, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, and 6,10-dimethyl-5,9-undecadien-2-one. Hydroxyacetone was also found in all samples screened. The relationship of these compounds to the non-sterol pathway of mevalonate metabolism is discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020206
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    Hydrophobic interaction chromatography of autoproteolysis products of human seminal plasma (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. 152-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Hydrophobic interaction chromatography was employed for the fractionation of the glycopeptide mixture obtained after autoproteolysis and delipidization treatment of normal human seminal plasma samples. This sequence of procedures led to the elimination of highly hydrophobic components and to the concentration of the carbohydrate-rich fractions. A partial separation between the O- and N-glycosidic-linked oligopeptides was also achieved after the chromatographic step.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020405
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  • 83
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    Simultaneous determination of myocardial creatine phosphate and adenine nucleotides by reversed-phase HPLC (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. 156-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: An isocratic HPLC system has been developed which allows for the rapid (single run of 20 min) measurement of creatine phosphate (PCr) and adenine nucleotides (ATP, ADP and AMP) in extracts from freeze-clamped and freeze-dried myocardial tissues. The separation was achieved at room temperature by using a RP18 column and a dual variable wavelength spectrophotometer, set at 210 and 254 nm. The solvent was 30 mM potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 15 mM tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulfate, pH 6.7, 19% (v/v) acetonitrile. A distinct separation (confirmed with the retention time of standard sample) of these high energy compounds was achieved. Standard curves were linear. In isolated rat hearts the following values were obtained (μmol/g dry wt, mean ± SEM): ATP 21.5 ± 1.3, ADP 4.6 ± 0.2, AMP 1.5 ± 1.1 and PCr 32.5 ± 1.3; which are consistent with previously published values for high energy compounds in this tissue.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020406
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  • 84
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    Peter Mohr and Klaus Pommerening. Affinity chromatography-practical and theoretical aspects. Marcel Dekker, New York, 1986. $79.75, 312pp (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. i 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020413
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  • 85
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    Fluorometric analysis of urinary chondroitin sulfate isomers by HPLC using dansylhydrazine as a prelabeling reagent (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. 169-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Chondroitin sulfate isomers (ChS isomers) were digested with chondroitinase ABC, and the unsaturated disaccharides produced were converted into fluorescent dansylhydrazine derivatives and analyzed by HPLC. The proposed method was applied to the determination of relative amounts of ChS isomers in normal human urine and analytical results showed that chondroitin-6-sulfate and chondroitin-4-sulfate were excreted in large amounts. Moreover, this method was used for the identification of urinary ChS isomers which were extracted from a cellulose acetate strip after carrying out electrophoresis.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020409
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  • 86
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    An HPLC assay for rat liver ferrochelatase activity (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. 164-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A rapid, reliable, sensitive and reproducible HPLC method was developed for the assay of ferrochelatase activity in rat liver. The assay was carried out aerobically with Zn2+ and mesoporphyrin or protoporphyrin IX as substrates. Zn-porphyrins formed were extracted with dimethyl sulphoxide/methanol (30:70, v/v) containing Zn-deuteroporphyrin as the internal standard for separation and quantification by reversed-phase chromatography. The Km for mesoporphyrin was 5.9 μM, for protoporphyrin IX 8.8 μM and for zinc 6.0 μM. The specific activities were 33.1 ± 5.0 nmol Zn-mesoporphyrin or 13.4 ± 2.0 nmol Zn-protoporphyrin formed per hour per mg of protein for mitochondria and 12.3 ± 2.2 nmol Zn-mesoporphyrin or 4.6 ± 0.9 nmol Zn-protoporphyrin per hour per mg of protein for liver homogenate.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020408
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  • 87
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    HPLC measurement of diltiazem and desacetyldiltiazem in serum or plasma (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. 180-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020412
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  • 88
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    A rapid method for the determination of benzylpenicillin in serum by reversed-phase HPLC (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. 177-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A simple procedure for the determination of benzylpenicillin in serum is described. The assay involves the extraction of the drug and the internal standard (phenoxymethylpenicillinic acid) from the sample into dichloromethane, using tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulfate neutralized with NaOH and buffered with citrate as an ion-pairing reagent. RP-HPLC was performed on a Spherisorb 5 ODS column, eluting the drugs isocratically with 14% acetonitrile in 10 mM ammonium acetate buffer. Monitoring was by UV detection at 208 nm. Our results show that the method is accurate and reproducible, permitting quantification of serum levels of benzylpenicillin without interference from other drugs commonly used in therapy. Analytical recovery was greater than 79.2%.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020411
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  • 89
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    Calendar of events (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. i 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020512
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  • 90
    Electronic Resource
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    Masthead (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020601
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  • 91
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    Study of doxorubicin photodegradation in plasma, urine and cell culture medium by HPLC (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. 242-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: An HPLC method was used to monitor the chemical stability of doxorubicin-HCI (DXR) to light in plasma, urine and cell culture medium at room temperature. The results indicated that DXR was very unstable in cell culture medium and urine when exposed to light. It was more stable in plasma under the same conditions. In all the cases, the decrease in the amount of DXR is greatly dependent on light intensity (no noticeable degradation was observed after 8 h in the dark). These observations may be important for the correct interpretation of the effects and the toxicity of doxorubicin on cells incubated in cell medium, and for determination of urinary or plasma pharmacokinetic parameters.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020603
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  • 92
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    HPLC analysis of polyamines and their acetylated derivatives in the picomole range using benzoyl chloride and 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl chloride as derivatizing agent (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. 254-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Analytical methods are described for the quantitative determination of putrescine, cadaverine, spermidine, spermine and the acetylated derivatives of spermidine and spermine in biological fluids using pre-column derivatization with either benzoyl chloride or 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl chloride, which were added to each sample as solutions in diethyl ether. Putrescine, spermidine and spermine can be analysed in seminal plasma at nanogram levels when benzoyl chloride is used as derivatizing agent. In the analysis of putrescine, cadaverine, spermidine and acetyl derivatives of spermidine and spermine, higher sensitivity is obtained with 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl-chloride. This method can readily be used in the determination of acetylated polyamines in urine samples.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020606
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  • 93
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    MicroHLPC determination of amygdalin in Semen pruni armeniacae and Semen pruni persicae (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. 271-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The application of micro HPLC to the determination of amygdalin in Semen pruni armeniacae and Semen pruni persicae is described. Amygdalin is separated at ambient temperature on a reversed phase column of U-Finepak SIL C18(150×0.5 mm) with methanol + water (25: 75 v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 10 μL/min. The results are calculated by the internal standard method. The linear range is 1-7 μg. The CV and recovery of pure amygdalin are 1.47% (n = 10) and 98.13%, respectively. The results of analysis are lower than those obtained by TLC, but microHPLC is much simpler, faster, and more sensitive and reproducible than TLC.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020609
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  • 94
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    Determination of 4-methylpyrazole in plasma using solid phase extraction and HPLC (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. 226-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A rapid method for the determination of 4-methylpyrazole in plasma is described. Internal standard (3-methylpyrazole) is added to the plasma which is subsequently applied to a BondElut SCX column. After washing the column the 3- and 4-methylpyrazoles are eluted with a phosphate buffer and analyzed by isocratic reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. The concentration of 4-methylpyrazole is calculated from the 4-methylpyrazole/3-methylpyrazole peak high ratio. The method is linear between 2.5 and 100 μmol/L with a within-day precision (CV) of 2.2% (n = 10) and a day-to-day precision of 2.8% (n = 30). The sensitivity is sufficient for analysis of plasma levels in the low micromolar range.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020511
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  • 95
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    Purification of streptococcal protein g expressed by Escherichia coli by high performance liquid affinity chromatography using immobilized immunoglobulin G and albuminThis work was supported by the Crafoord Foundation, the Swedish Medical Research Council (proj. no. 3362, 7144, 7486), the Medical Faculty, University of Lund, Gustav V:s 80-year Foundation, Österlunds Foundation, Stiftelsen JO Nauclers Minnesfond and Excorim KB. (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. 221-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A one-step HPLC method was developed for the purification of protein G, a cell wall molecule from group C and G streptococci with immunoglobulin G- and albumin-binding properties. Lysed Escherichia coli bacteria infected with lambda-phages containing the protein G gene from group G streptococci were used as a starting material for the preparations. The lysate was applied to a column with immobilized human immunoglobulin G or human serum albumin. Protein G was selectively bound and eluted at pH 2.0. A 750-fold purification was achieved. Sodium dodecylsulfate + polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that the highly purified protein G consisted of three sets of doublets with the apparent molecular weight of 64 and 67, 56 and 58, and 45 and 47 kilodaltons, respectively. A specific method for quantitation of small amounts of protein G was developed and used for specific tracing of the protein after the affinity chromatography. Goat polyclonal antibodies were bound to an antigen coated to the plastic walls of microtiter plates, causing the Fc-region of the immunoglobulins to be directed outwards. Unknown samples of protein G were then allowed to compete with radio-iodinated protein G (solid phase radioassay) or protein G coupled to alkaline phosphatase (enzyme linked sorbent assay) for the Fc-regions.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020510
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  • 96
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    Calendar of Events (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 2 (1987), S. iii 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130020611
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  • 97
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    Comparative aspects of cerebellar cytoarchitecture in the European eel life cycle (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 191 (1987), S. 25-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The major anatomical divisions of the cerebellum of the European eel, i.e., corpus cerebelli, lobus vestibulolateralis, and valvula, were studied morphologically and morphometrically. There were differences in cerebellar cytoarchitecture and gross morphology in two stages of the eel life cycle, the trophic stage (yellow eel), and the reproductive stage (silver eel), which are characterized by different degrees of swimming activity. The principal differences between silver and yellow eels in the cytoarchitecture of the corpus cerebelli and the lobus vestibulolateralis were in distribution of Purkinje or Purkinje-like cells in the molecular layer, which is wider in silver eels, in part because of a decreased thickness of the granular cell layer. In the silver eel, the scattering of Purkinje cells was more evident in the lobus vestibulolateralis where the molecular layer is also thicker. The data indicate the transition from the yellow eel to the silver eel is characterized by a migration of granule cells from the ganglionic cell layer to the internal granular layer and by a further development of molecular layer components, e.g., parallel fibers, Purkinje-cell dendrites, etc. In contrast, the thickness of the granular layer and of the Purkinje cell layer, limited to the lower part of the valvula, decreased. There is also a slight increase of cerebellar volume in the silver eel. The volume of the lobus vestibulolateralis was constant. Hypertrophy of the valvula and eminentiae granulares is observed and is due to the migration of cells from the granular layer of the corpus cerebelli whose volume slightly decreases. Perhaps the lobus vestibulolateralis also contributes to the increased volume of eminentiae granulares. Our findings suggest that the cerebellum continues to develop during the passage from the trophic to the reproductive stage of the eel. The appearance of new afferents from the lateral line which becomes more visible in the silver eel probably completes cerebellar ontogeny.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051910104
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  • 98
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    Announcement (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 191 (1987), S. 107-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051910110
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  • 99
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    Regenerative response of amputated forelimbs of Xenopus laevis froglets to partial denervation (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 191 (1987), S. 131-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Xenopus laevis froglet forelimbs normally respond to amputational injury by forming a heteromorphic cartilaginous rod-shaped outgrowth. However, partial denervation of a forelimb by ablation of the N. radialis or the N. ulnaris, followed in 2 days by amputation through the mid radius-ulna, results in a size deficiency of the regenerative outgrowth 14 and 21 days postamputation. The decreasing quantity of forelimb innervation, as a result of partial denervation by 55 or 45%, apparently has a graded effect on the cell population and on the extent of cartilage development in the outgrowth. As a consequence of amputational injury, a nerve independent response of the periosteum was also found. This response produced considerable thickening in the periosteum and was due to cell proliferation in both the control and denervated cases.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051910204
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  • 100
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    A morphological study of the nervous system of the praesoma of Paulisentis fractus (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 191 (1987), S. 193-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The nerve pathways in the praesoma are described for a member of the class Eoacanthocephala for the first time. Eleven nerves, five paired and one single, are traced from the cerebral ganglion to their associations with the musculature of the body wall, neck sense organs, and the musculature of the proboscis wall and the invertor muscles of the proboscis. The structure and location of the stutzzelle and series of nerve endings in the hypodermis of the body wall and at the apex of the proboscis are described.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051910209
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