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  • 1985-1989  (448)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1850-1859
  • 1987  (448)
  • Engineering  (448)
  • 101
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Singular element construction using a mapping technique (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1305-1316 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Conformal mapping regularizes (in the new plane) the singular stress field around the crack tip. So, conventional finite elements can be used in the transformed plane. The inverse mapping of the above elements gives another class of ‘mapped elements’. The crack-tip mapped element is a singular element. Thus, using various elements (the ‘parent elements’) in the mapped plane we obtain an infinity of singular elements, the ‘product elements’. These singular elements are introduced naturally and have no defect, as many other singular elements have.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240707
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  • 102
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    Electronic Resource
    An extension of the application of transmission line modelling (TLM) to thermal diffusion to include non-infinite heat sources (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1333-1341 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The modelling of heat transfer from a moving gaseous atmosphere by the TLM technique is described. For the case of very rapidly moving gas, results are compared with those derived from finite element analysis.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240709
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  • 103
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the preconditioned conjugate gradient method for solving (A - λB)X =0 (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1355-1366 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Classical iterative methods when applied to the partial solution of the generalized eigenvalue problem Ax =λBx, may yield very poor convergence rates particularly when ill-conditioned problems are considered. In this paper the preconditioned conjugate gradient (CG) method via the minimization of the Rayleigh quotient and the reverse power method is employed for the partial eigenproblem. The triangular splitting preconditioners employed are obtained from an incomplete Choleski factorization and a partial Evans preconditioner. This approach can dramatically improve the convergence rate of the basic CG method and is applicable to any symmetric eigenproblem in which one of the matrices A, B is positive definite. Because of the renewed interest in CG techniques for FE work on microprocessors and parallel computers, it is believed that this improved approach to the generalized eigenvalue problem is likely to be very promising.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240711
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  • 104
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    A grid generator based on 4-triangles conforming mesh-refinement algorithms (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1343-1354 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A procedure to generate 2D meshes of triangles in a quite general fashion allowing for local and selective mesh-refinement is presented and discussed. The grid generator is based on the iterative application of 4-triangles conforming mesh-refinement algorithms for triangulations, which are also introduced in this paper. These algorithms are modified versions of those proposed in Int. j. numer. methods eng., 20, 745-756 (1984), and they can be used for global refinement of a grid, as well as for local refinement. The grid generator works in the following way: given any initial coarse triangulation which properly defines the geometry of the problem, a set of user-defined refinement subregions Ri, i = 1,2,…, N, and an associated set of tolerance parameters hi, an irregular and conforming final triangulation is automatically constructed in such a way that the diameter of all the triangles contained in Ri is smaller than hi, i= 1,2,…, N. Moreover, all angles in the final triangulation are greater than or equal to half the smallest angle in the initial, coarse one. The refinement is propagated only to assure the conformity and smoothness of the grid, and consequently, the number of involved nodes will be minimized. The refinement of the final mesh will be determined by the subregions Ri and the parameters Ni and will be essentially independent of the initial coarse grid. The 4-triangles conforming mesh-refinement algorithms are presented and their properties discussed. The implementation of these techniques is discussed and examples of the application of the grid generator are given.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240710
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  • 105
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    On the numerical integration of a class of pressure-dependent plasticity models (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1395-1416 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An unconditionally stable algorithm for the numerical integration of elastoplastic pressure-dependent constitutive relations is analysed in detail in this paper. The application of the method to plane stress problems, in which the out-of-plane strain component is not defined kinematically, is discussed. The tangent moduli resulting from this integration algorithm are obtained by consistent linearization of the elastoplastic constitutive equations. The algorithm is applied to Gurson's constitutive model, some one-dimensional problems are solved, and comparisons with exact solutions are made. The paper closes with a numerical study of the necking of an axi-symmetric specimen using Gurson's plasticity model to describe the constitutive behaviour of the material.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240713
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  • 106
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    Masthead (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240801
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  • 107
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Residual flow procedure for sea water intrusion in unconfined aquifers (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1439-1450 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A simplified procedure is presented for the analysis of sea water intrusion in unconfined aquifers. It involves the finite element method with a residual flow procedure which combines transformation of the salt water zone into the fresh water zone that has the same pressure distribution as that of the salt water. This procedure avoids simultaneous solutions of governing differential equations for both flow and mass transport. Numerical results are compared with laboratory observations.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240803
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  • 108
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Time-domain analysis of infinite fluid vibration (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 945-958 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A damper technique is proposed to model the effects of radiation damping in the finite element analysis of hydrodynamic pressures generated due to the vibration of a structure submerged in a compressible fluid. The proposed damper is suitable for a time-domain analysis. It is assumed that the fluid is inviscid and its vibration is of small amplitude. The structure-fluid system is assumed to be two-dimensional, and the fluid domain is considered to be unbounded along the direction of structural vibration. In the finite element analysis, pressure is assumed to be the nodal unknown, and the discretized equations of motion are solved by using a direct integration procedure. As a result of the analysis of several cases, the proposed damper is found to be very effective and efficient for a wide range of the period of excitation. The only exception is the case when the period of excitation is near the natural period of vibration of the fluid domain. For this case, the pressure becomes infinitely large and there is no requirement for any damper. The implementation of the proposed damper in the finite element analysis requires practically no extra computational effort. With the use of the suggested technique, an unbounded fluid domain may be truncated at a relatively very short distance from the structure, as compared to the distance required when the Sommerfeld damper is used. As a result of these advantages of the proposed technique, the cost of computation is greatly reduced.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240508
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  • 109
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    An automatic design optimization procedure to minimize fillet bending stresses in involute spur gears (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 975-991 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper presents the development of an automatic design algorithm for gears. The criterion on which the design performance is assessed is the maximum tensile stress induced in the gear tooth fillet under service conditions. Starting from an initial set of design parameters the stresses in the gear tooth fillet are calculated. The maximum value of the stress is then expressed as a function of the design variables. By minimizing this function, the objective function, subject to both equality and inequality constraints a new set of design parameters, is produced. Iterative application of the analysis and minimization stages forms a sequence of non-linear optimization problems which converges to yield the optimal design.Finite element techniques employed to calculate accurately the stresses in the gear tooth are again used to compute the design derivatives. This process is very economical, owing to its efficient reuse of the factorized stiffness matrix.The algorithm is illustrated by its application to a spur gear tooth of involute profile. Both linear and non-linear forms of the objective function are used and a comparison made between the solutions obtained.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240510
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  • 110
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    The comparative performance of some finite difference equations for transient heat conduction (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1317-1331 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The established finite difference equations to estimate one-dimensional transient heat flow in solids are the ‘classical’ form (explicit), and the Crank-Nicolson and ‘pure-implicit’ forms (both implicit). They are all based on finite difference approximation to the Fourier continuity equation. To these are now added three more explicit forms: exponential linear, exponential inverse cosine and polynomial, which are based on exact solutions to the Fourier equation. The performance of each of the six equations is tested against the exact results of a well known step excitations problem (the Groeber model). The tests consist of examining (i) finite difference errors arising from a single implementation of each form at different stages in the transient cooling process, (ii) the errors that accumulate during part or all of the cooling process (both as regards any bias that is introduced, and also a measure of variance) and (iii) the run times in executing the various forms. The nondimensional time step r was treated as the independent variable, and can be made arbitrarily large, by use of a simple time-division procedure (otherwise r 〈 ½ for use with the classical form). It is shown that having regard to both error and run time, the polynomial form appears to be the most efficient estimator.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240708
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  • 111
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    Hybrid-Trefftz plate bending elements with p-method capabilities (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1367-1393 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The p-method capabilities have thus far been used only in connection with the assumed displacement model elements. When such elements are used, singular points have to be isolated by one or two layers of small elements graded in a suitable geometrical progression towards singularity. This paper presents an alternative formulation which circumvents this drawback and enables excellent solution results to be obtained with uniform FE-grids. The formulation is based on the recently presented hybrid-Trefftz FE-model and makes use of optional expansion sets for various singularities or stress concentrations. Stress concentrations due to concentrated loads are also properly accounted for. It is shown that by augmenting the order of approximation over a fixed grid of such elements rapid convergence towards the accurate solution is obtained in the most efficient way.This paper summarizes the results of a preliminary study that had been undertaken to critically evaluate the potential of the new approach as a suitable basis for subsequent developments of a fully automated adaptive process.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240712
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  • 112
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    Conference diary (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1417-1419 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240714
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  • 113
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    Announcement (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1419-1419 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240715
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  • 114
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    Stability convergence and accuracy of the DuFort and Frankel difference diagram approximating a class of non-linear parabolic field equations (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1421-1437 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The paper presents a method of calculation for the transient electromagnetic field in a steel rotor screen of a superconducting generator. Using the difference method, the spatial-temporal distributions of the electromagnetic field have been calculated as a result of solving the non-linear partial differential equation for the vector potential A (in space Ω(r, θ,t)). For the difference diagram the conditions of stability and convergence have been determined.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240802
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  • 115
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    On the condition ‘h normal to the wall’ in magnetic field problems (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1541-1550 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In finite element computations of magnetic fields, the boundary condition n × h = 0 is usually enforced on walls made of a material ofgreat permeability. We purport here to question the validity of this approximation. It is shown how this condition stems from a suitable passage to the limit (when the ratio of permeabilities μ0/μ tends to zero), provided a condition of topological nature (‘no loops’) is fulfilled. What to do when this condition does not hold is discussed.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240810
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  • 116
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    A plane hybrid element with rotational d.o.f. and adjustable stiffness (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1499-1508 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A simple formulation of a nine d.o.f plane triangle is achieved by the assumed-stress hybrid approach. The element has two translations and the rotation about a normal to the plane as d.o.f. at each node. Performance of the element is shown to be good. A device for softening overly-stiff elements is found to be effective and is suggested as a widely applicable method of improving the behaviour of hybrid elements. A particularly simple form of the element, herein called the CST Hybrid, appears to be the best performer.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240807
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  • 117
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    Triangular finite element for analysis of thick laminated shells (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1563-1579 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The development of a general curved triangular element based on an assumed displacement potential energy approach is presented for the analysis of arbitrarily laminated thick shells. The associated laminated shell theory assumes transverse inextensibility and layerwise constant shear angle. The present element is a quadratic triangle of C0-type in the curvilinear co-ordinate plane, which is then mapped onto a curved surface. Convergence of transverse displacement, moments, stresses and the effect of two Gauss quadrature schemes also form a part of the investigation. Examples of two laminated shell problems demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the present element. Comparison of the present LCST (layerwise constant shear-angle theory) based solutions, with those based on the CST (constant shear-angle theory) clearly demonstrates the superiority of the former over the latter, especially in the prediction of the distribution of the surface-parallel displacements and stresses through the laminate thickness.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240812
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  • 118
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    Conference diary (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1611-1613 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240816
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  • 119
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    The space-time Sinc-Gallerkin method for parabolic problems (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1629-1644 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper contains the formulation of a space-time Sinc-Galerkin method for the numerical solution of the parabolic partial differential equation in one space dimension. The space-time adjective means that the Galerkin technique is employed simultaneously in time and space. Salient features of the method include: exponential rate of convergence, ease of assembly of the discrete system, a global approximation and the ability to handle singular problems. Two methods of solution for the discrete system are offered and numerical results for test problems, selected from the literature, are included.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240903
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  • 120
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    Basis random variables in finite element analysis (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1849-1863 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Galerkin's method is applied to random operator equations. Appropriate Hilbert spaces are defined for random functions and solutions are projected into these spaces, allowing the first- and second-moment properties of the solution to be calculated. An equivalent energy-based approach similar to the Rayleigh-Ritz method is developed, from which a stochastic finite element technique is derived. Several one- and two-dimensional example problems are solved and the results discussed.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241004
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  • 121
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    A posteriori estimates of the solution error caused by discretization in the finite element, finite difference and boundary element methods (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1921-1939 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A theory is described which guarantees an upper and lower bound estimate of the discretization error in numerical solutions of elliptic boundary value problems. This method gives bounded global estimates of the error in the energy norm. Pointwise estimates of the error in the solution variable or its derivatives can then be obtained if the numerical solution is exhibiting pointwise monotonic convergence.The versatility of this method is illustrated by its application to numerical solutions from finite element, finite difference and boundary element methods.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241008
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  • 122
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    A finite element for edge-cracked beam columns (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1941-1950 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The stiffness matrix is derived for a finite element representing a beam column with rectangular cross section and a single edge crack. The element has zero length, and the standard nodal degrees of freedom associated with beam-column elements. To illustrate its capabilities, the element is used to model propagation of multiple cracks in a self-loaded fixed beam.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241009
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  • 123
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    Field-consistency and violent stress oscillations in the finite element method (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 2017-2033 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The fact that finite element models can give rise to violent stress oscillations and that there are optimal locations where stresses can be correctly sampled in spite of the presence of these violent stress fluctuations has been known for some time. However, it is less well known that these oscillations arise in a specific class of problems - where there are multiple strainfields arising from one or more field-variables and where one or more of these strain-fields must be constrained in particular physical limits. In this paper, we show that unless the interpolations for these constrained strain-fields are ‘field-consistent’, violent oscillations would set in. These oscillations represent spurious self-equilibrating stress-fields generating spurious energy terms that lead to ‘locking’.The field-consistency interpretation offers a conceptual scheme to delineate these problems and an operational procedure called the functional reconstitution technique allows the errors resulting from field-inconsistency to be anticipated a priori. We demonstrate the power of this approach through an interesting example of a multi-strain-field problem - the inextensional/nearly inextensional deformation of a shear flexible curved beam.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241013
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  • 124
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    Conference diary (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 2037-2038 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241017
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  • 125
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    Conference diary (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 2429-2430 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241213
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  • 126
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    Non-linear analysis of elastic plane frames with crooked bars (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 2413-2427 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In this investigation the postbuckling response of plane frames consisting of a large number of crooked bars is achieved by means of an efficient method based on non-linear kinematic stability analysis. The entire formulation of the non-linear equilibrium equations presented in matrix form is implemented by the computer program NLSRF (Non-Linear Stability of Rod Frames). Critical loads and critical displacements are obtained through a direct computation by using the additional stability condition resulting from the vanishing of the stability determinant.The efficacy of the method proposed herein is demonstrated by a three-storey single span frame.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241212
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    Masthead (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241201
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    A Legendre spectral element method for the Stefan problem (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 2273-2299 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In this paper we present a Legendre spectral element method for solution of multi-dimensional unsteady change-of-phase Stefan problems. The spectral element method is a high-order (p-type) finite element technique, in which the computational domain is broken up into general (curved) quadrilateral macroelements, and the solution, data and geometry are expanded within each element in terms of tensor-product Lagrangian interpolants. The discrete equations are generated by a Galerkin formulation followed by Gauss-Lobatto Legendre quadrature, for which it is shown that exponential convergence to smooth solutions is obtained as the polynomial order of fixed elements is increased. The spectral element equations are inverted by conjugate gradient iteration, in which the matrix-vector products are calculated efficiently using tensor-product sum-factorization.To solve the Stefan problem numerically, the heat equations in the liquid and solid phases are transformed to fixed domains applying an interface-local time-dependent immobilization transformation technique. The modified heat equations are discretized using finite differences in time, resulting at each time step in a Helmholtz equation in space that is solved using Legendre spectral element elliptic discretizations. The new interface position is then computed using a variationally consistent flux treatment along the phase boundary, and the solution is projected upon the corresponding updated mesh. The rapid convergence rate and stability of the method are discussed, and numerical results are presented for a one-dimensional Stefan problem using both a semi-implicit and a fully implicit time-stepping scheme. Finally, a two-dimensional Stefan problem with a complex phase boundary is solved using the semi-implicit scheme.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241204
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    A new approach to the finite element modelling of beams with warping effect (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 2327-2341 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: As a first step toward developing a finite element formulation that can model coupling among extensional, bending and torsional behaviour of beams, a new method is proposed to properly represent the warping of arbitrary cross-sections. The basic approach is to introduce a small warping displacement superimposed over flat cross-sections of a shear-flexible beam in a deformed configuration. Numerical tests involving simple isotropic beams undergoing a small elastic displacement demonstrate the validity of the new approach. The present approach can be extended to composite beams as well as isotropic beams experiencing a large deflection or finite rotation.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241207
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    Arch dam-fluid interactions: By fem-bem and substructure concept (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 2367-2388 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Arch dams can be conveniently analysed by the finite element method. For dam-fluid interaction problems, the fluid domain may be more conveniently handled by the boundary element method as a substructure first before connecting to the dam substructure. The added-mass matrix calculated from the fluid domain is symmetrized and lumped first so that the banded and symmetrical characteristics of the finite element method are retained. In the boundary element formulation, a mirror image method and quadratic elements are used for computational efficiency and accuracy. The strong singular terms are handled by using a solution which satisfies the governing equation and the free surface boundary condition. Infinite boundary conditions at the upstream of the reservoir can be reasonably approximated from the fundamental solution with accurate results, if the interior pressure distribution in the fluid domain is neglected. Numerical solutions on hydrodynamic pressure distribution and the natural frequencies of the dam-reservoir system with various water levels are obtained and compared with available analytical and experiment results.
    Additional Material: 24 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241210
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    Numerical methods for heat transfer in hydraulic fracturing (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 75-87 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: During the propagation of a hydraulically induced fracture in a porous material, fluid leak-off occurs from the fracture to the formation. Conduction and convection of heat also take place, owing to the large difference between the fluid injection temperature and that of the reservoir. The paper describes a quasi-two-dimensional heat transfer model coupled with a filtration model. It is then coupled into different coupled fracture propagation models (two-dimensional and quasi-three-dimensional).The rheological characteristics of the fracturing fluid are temperature-dependent with a sharp breakdown. The fluid diffusion model combines cake growth at the fracture face with two-fluid flow in the formation. Temperature profiles along the fracture and the formation are computed during fracture propagation.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240106
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    Numerical models for the thermo-mechanical evolution of Atlantic-type continental margins (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 141-157 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: We have developed a versatile finite element approach to analyse stresses and displacements induced in thermally thinned and thickened geological structures. Material and geometric non-linearities form an important aspect of the finite element simulation. The changes in geometry are incorporated by a multipoint constraint procedure. The method takes into account temperature-dependent variations in rheological properties of the medium, including the presence of a brittle-ductile transition. We illustrate the application of the method for specific geophysical problems associated with the temperature history of the earth's crust at continental margins of the Atlantic type.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240111
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    A finite element method for free and forced convection heat transfer (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 117-128 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A new finite element method is presented. This new method contains several novel features including a streamline upwind formulation for the advection terms and equal order interpolations for all variables: velocities, pressure, temperature and other fluid properties. This new formulation uses an iterative solution method greatly reducing the computer storage requirements. The validity of the new finite element method was tested on both a natural convection problem, a thermally driven cavity, and a forced convection problem, a heated cylinder in cross-flow. The predicted results compared favourably with a benchmark solution for the cavity and an empirical correlation for the cylinder in cross-flow.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240109
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    Numerical simulation in precision castings (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 219-229 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Microporosities often appear during the solidification of foundry pieces. They result from the volume contraction of the alloy during its solidification. Thermal transfers between alloy and mould check the solidification. They are estimated by a finite volume method, including specific calculation of the mould filling-up, the alloy solidification and the resulting feeding of the mould.The calculation uses a geometrical enmeshment of the whole mould, generating numerous elements of different sizes. From the experimental fluid flow measurement, the mould filling-up may be described step by step by the computer, as can the initial thermal transfer. Thermal transfers are related to the solidification enthalpic release obtained from quantitative differential thermal analysis. They are also related to the fluid flow induced by solidification shrinkage.Such a calculation leads to the location of the microporosities, from which pressure drops can be estimated during solidification.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240115
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    On the extrusion of visco-elastic fluids subject to viscous heating (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 263-270 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The die-swell occurring during the extrusion of a visco-elastic fluid has been extensively examined in recent years, both experimentally and numerically. These investigations have been mainly confined to isothermal flows. If the material is initially relatively cool, however, viscous heating may lead to proportionally large changes in temperature and material properties, with significant effects on die-swell. An iterative computational model is presented which describes the flow of Maxwell and Oldroyed fluids subject to the effect of temperature gradients induced by viscous heating and thermal boundary conditions. Predictions are presented for extrusion from both slit and axisymmetric dies.
    Additional Material: 22 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240118
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    Preface (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. i 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240121
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    A block equation solver for large unsymmetric linear equation systems with dense coefficient matrices (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 289-300 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The presented solver uses the Crout L-U decomposition method. Disk memory space requirements are reduced to an absolute minimum and disk input-output is spectacularly limited. Very extensive pivoting improves numerical accuracy and stability. Experimental test runs prove the overall efficiency of the solver.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240203
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    A simple error estimator and adaptive procedure for practical engineerng analysis (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 337-357 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A new error estimator is presented which is not only reasonably accurate but whose evaluation is computationally so simple that it can be readily implemented in existing finite element codes.The estimator allows the global energy norm error to be well estmated and alos gives a good evaluation of local errors. It can thus be combined with a full adaptive process of refinement or, more simply, provide guidance for mesh redesign which allows the user to obtain a desired accuracy with one or two trials.When combined with an automatic mesh generator a very efficient guidance process to analysis is avaiable.Estimates other than the energy norm have successfully been applied giving, for instance, a predetermined accuracy of stresses.
    Additional Material: 19 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240206
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    Treatment of material discontinuities in finite element computations (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 393-417 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: We consider finite element analysis of problems with discontinuous material coefficients. For applications in which the material interface crosses an element, we develop special elements with an embedded flux constraint at the interface. This new procedure is compared with the standard finite element method with interface coincident with the element boundary and with an existing method proposed by Steven.1 Supporting numerical studies are conducted and rates of convergence for the solution and interface flux are examined. Some local superconvergence behaviour is observed.
    Additional Material: 23 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240209
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    Conference diary (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 471-473 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240213
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    Masthead (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240301
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    Using eigenvector projections to improve convergence in non-linear finite element equilibrium iterations (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 497-512 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In an earlier paper a method for calculation of non-linear structural response was described. The method is based on an algorithm, proposed by Bergan, including simultaneous iterations in the load and displacement spaces. A method for selective damping of solution components parallel to critical eigenvectors was proposed reducing the risk for diverging equilibrium iterations.This method is, in the present paper, shown to be related to the ‘dynamic relaxation’ approach. The method has been further studied for practical problems, and especially adapted for the analysis of plate buckling. A method for variable damping is proposed, and compared to existing methods. The conclusions are that damping, based on eigenvector projection, is an efficient way to improve the stability in the iterations, and in this an alternative to other methods for choice of optimum corrections in N-R schemes. The extra computational effort is considered worth while in cases where restarts in the calculation are not desired.In the paper, suitable criteria for reformulation of the tangential relation during iterations in a step are also discussed.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240303
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    The tanh transformation for the solution of singular integral equations (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 543-556 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Using a tanh transformation a quadrature formula for the evaluation of singular integrals is obtained. The formula has the same step length h as the formula for regular integrals derived by F. Stenger. These quadrature formulae are valid for end point singularities of any order and their error exhibits an exponential decay when the number of integrations tends to infinity.Using these formulae the solution of singular integral equations does not depend on the order of the end point singularities. Furthermore the collocation points are given by a very simple equation and, in the case of constant coefficients, by a closed-form formula.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240306
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    A new efficient mixed formulation for thin shell finite element modelsRevised version of a paper presented at the ASME Winter Annual Meeting, Miami Beach, Florida, U.S.A., 17-22 November, 1985 (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 581-604 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A nine node shell element is developed by a new and more efficient mixed formulation. The new shell element formulation is based on the Hellinger-Reissner principle with independent strain and the concept of a degenerate solid shell. The new formulation is made more efficient in terms of computing time than the conventional mixed formulation by dividing the assumed strain fields into a lower order part and a higher order part. Numerical results demonstrate that the present nine node element is free of locking even for very thin plates and shells and is also kinematically stable. In fact the stiffness matrix associated with the higher order assumed strain plays the role of a stabilization matrix.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240309
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    Letters to the editor (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 655-655 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240313
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    An improved discrete Kirchhoff quadrilateral thin-plate bending element (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 635-654 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: By combining discrete Kirchhoff theory with least-squares smoothed shape functions, an improved quadrilateral thin-plate bending element is derived. This element exhibits improved performance over an earlier DKQ element in predicting both displacements and stresses. Numerical examples are presented comparing the element with many other quadrilateral elements for standard test problems.
    Additional Material: 23 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240312
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    Letters to the editor (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 656-658 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240314
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    Three-dimensional transient thermo-elastic analyses by the BIE method (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 25-45 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The proposed method is the direct boundary integral equation (BIE) method applied to three-dimensional transient heat transfer analyses and to corresponding elastostatic analyses under thermal loading. The mechanical and thermal problems are decoupled. For those not familiar with the BIE method, a short survey of the basic principles is given to help them understand the mathematical treatment, which is performed in the frame of distribution theory. The tempered elementary solution of the transient heat transfer problem contains time and space variables. The numerical treatment of the thermal equation is performed analytically with respect to time and numerically with respect to space in the same way as for steady state equations. Great care is paid to space integration in order to compute the values of the kernels precisely enough on the surface and inside the volume. The computational treatments of both problems are realized in such a way as to minimize computing time. Differences between transient and steady state analyses, on the one hand, and between elastostatic analyses with and without thermal loading, on the other, are emphasized. Finally, an analytical example shows the good behaviour of the proposed method to solve singular thermal problems and an industrial example shows the accuracy of the results obtained by using the BIE method to solve three-dimensional thermo-elastic problems.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240103
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    Thermal stress analysis of sintering using a moving grid (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 47-57 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A moving finite element method that calculates the transient temperature distribution, the density distribution and the stress distribution during the sintering cycle has been developed. Coupled two-dimensional axisymmetric energy, continuity and stress equilibrium equations along with a constraint, specifying the direction of the initial material velocity, are solved in a Lagrangian co-ordinate system. The nodes move at the same speed as the material and therefore the convective terms in the differential equations drop out. At every time step, the energy equation is solved, and the computed temperatures are then used to find the densification rate. In two-dimensional problems, the continuity equation is not sufficient to calculate the two components of material velocity. Here, it is assumed that the diffusion caused by the density gradient is the driving force. This implies that the velocity vector of the material is perpendicular to the lines of constant density. Therefore, the combination of the diffusion and continuity equations will generate the initial sintering strains. The elastic stress equilibrium equations are then solved using the thermal and initial sintering strains as the driving forces. As a result, the final shape of the material and the stresses are determined.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240104
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    Numerical studies of buoyancy-driven turbulent flow in a rectangular cavity (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 89-99 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In this paper some numerical predictions are presented for the buoyancy-driven turbulent flow and heat transfer in a large cavity using both a prescribed eddy viscosity model and a k-∊ model. The results from these models are in good agreement, although the calculations with the prescribed eddy viscosity model are considerably cheaper. The results also show the correct qualitative behaviour, but there are some differences between the predictions and the available experimental data. Possible reasons for these are discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240107
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    A hybrid BEM model (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1015-1025 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The hybrid stress method is very successful for stress concentration problems.1-7 Especially for problems of fracture mechanics, procedures can be found that work efficiently for two- and three-dimensional problems. The rate of convergence with this method, evidently, is higher than that with conventional FE models. The BEM procedure, too, works more efficiently, but shows some essential disadvantages against the FEM, such as that for the direct method no symmetric positive definite matrix can be found and that there occur numerical problems at corners.8,9 This happens also when BEM and FEM are even coupled commonly.10-12. In the following, a hybrid BEM model will be described which combines the advantages of both the FEM and the BEM. It will be shown in this paper that BEM is very successful in formulating finite element functions for the hybrid assumed stress method.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240512
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    Conference diary (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1027-1029 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240513
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    Corrections (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1029-1029 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240514
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    Announcements (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1030-1030 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240515
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    Masthead (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240601
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  • 156
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    A new element used in the non-orthogonal boundary plate bending theory - an arbitrarily quadrilateral element (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1031-1042 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper develops an arbitrarily quadrilateral element to analyse bending problems of plates with non-orthogonal boundaries. A second-order Jacobian matrix for the co-ordinate transformation and an explicit form of its inverse matrix are described in detail. A shape function matrix [N] for the plate element of arbitrarily quadrilateral configuration, an equivalent load vector {R}, a strain matrix [B] and element stiffness matrix are given. Finally, four illustrated examples are given and the results of computation are compared with those from other analytical methods.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240602
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    Robust, geometrically based, automatic two-dimensional mesh generation (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1043-1078 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A technical description of the algorithms employed in the modified quadtree mesh generator is given. Although the basis of the mesh generator is the same as the original version developed by Yerry and Shephard,1,2 the actual algorithms on which it is built have been entirely changed for the purpose of ensuring the robustness of the technique. As demonstrated in the paper the algorithmic changes made do ensure the robustness of the approach, but introduce additional algorithmic difficulties, the solutions of which are also presented. In addition to examples showing the capability of the mesh generator, the linear computational growth rate of the mesh generator is demonstrated.
    Additional Material: 37 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240603
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  • 158
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    Sparse quasi-Newton LDU updates (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1093-1100 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Numerical solution of a given non-linear algebraic system of equations by a quasi-Newton type method requires updating the approximation to the Jacobian at each step. Two methods for large sparse systems are described. The approximation for the Jacobian is factored into an LDU form at the first step, then all the subsequent updates are made to L, D and U. Computational evidence is given exhibiting the relative efficiency of these methods over those currently available in the published literature.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240605
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    Constitutive laws for engineering materials: Theory and application (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1609-1609 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240815
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  • 160
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    Masthead (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240901
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  • 161
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    A new approach for the hybrid element method (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1697-1709 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A new functional which forms the basis of an improved hybrid element formulation is proposed. The variables for the functional include stresses, strains and displacements, and the displacements and stresses are further decomposed into two parts respectively. The proposed new formulation appears to be particularly suitable for improving conforming models.Based on this formulation, a new four-node plane hybrid element Qcs6 can be developed, and the conforming element Q4 and the non-conforming Wilson element Q64 and modified Wilson element Qm6 can also be derived directly by this hybrid approach. It should be noted that more accurate stresses can be obtained from this element which utilizes the concept of two stress components.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240907
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    Multi-objective optimization of fuzzy structural systems (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1157-1171 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: It is recognized that there exists a vast amount of fuzzy information in both the objective and constraint functions of the optimum design of structures. Since most practical structural design problems involve several, often conflicting, objectives to be considered, a multi-objective fuzzy programming method is outlined in this work. The fuzzy constraints define a fuzzy feasible domain in the design space and each of the fuzzy objective functions defines the optimum solution by a fuzzy set of points. A method of solving a fuzzy multi-objective structural optimization problem using ordinary single-objective programming techniques is presented. The computational approach is illustrated with two numerical examples.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240608
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    Computational methods for the solution of engineering problems, 3rd revised edn, C. A. Brebbia and A. J. Ferrante, Pentech Press, London. No. of pages: 370. Price: £15.95 (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1225-1225 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240612
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    Self-adaptive stress analysis based on stress convergence (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1973-1992 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A new algorithm for self-adaptive stress analysis is presented. The algorithm is based on h-convergence and uses the measured stress convergence rate as an error indicator. A theoretical relation between stress convergence rate and pointwise error of stresses is derived for both the 1-D and 2-D case. Some examples are presented to illustrate the behaviour of the algorithm.
    Additional Material: 24 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241011
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    Triangular finite element for analysis of thick laminated plates (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1203-1224 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The development of a general triangular C0 element, based on an assumed quadratic displacement potential energy approach, is presented for the analysis of arbitrarily laminated thick plates. The element formulation assumes transverse inextensibility and layerwise constant shear-angle. Convergence of transverse displacement, moments and stresses, the effects of two different Gauss quadrature schemes and comparison of the present solutions with the available analytical/finite-element results also form a part of the investigation. Furthermore, numerical results indicate close agreement between the LCST (layerwise constant shear-angle theory) and the three-dimensional elasticity theory with the length (or width) to thickness ratio as low as 4. Detailed comparison of the LCST-based finite-element solutions with those based on the CST (constant shear-angle theory) and the CLT (classical lamination theory) clearly demonstrates the superiority of the former over the latter two, especially in the prediction of the distribution of the in-plane displacements and stresses through the laminate thickness. This paper also introduces a new non-dimensionalized parameter, Δθ*, which is shown to be a very useful measure for classification of the laminated plates and the suitability of different plate theories over various ranges of length-to-thickness ratio.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240611
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    Software for discrete manufacturing, J. P. Crestin and J. F. McWaters (eds.) (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1226-1226 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240614
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    Multi-grid methods and applications, W. Hackbusch, Springer-Verlag (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 2036-2036 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241016
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    Masthead (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241101
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  • 169
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    Preconditioned conjugate gradient technique for the analysis of symmetric anisotropic structures (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 2057-2070 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An officient preconditioned conjugate gradient (PCG) technique and a computational procedure are presented for the analysis of symmetric anisotropic structures. The technique is based on selecting the preconditioning matrix as the orthotropic part of the global stiffness matrix of the structure, with all the nonorthotropic terms set equal to zero. This particular choice of the preconditioning matrix results in reducing the size of the analysis model of the anisotropic structure to that of the corresponding orthotropic structure. The similarities between the proposed PCG technique and a reduction technique previously presented by the authors are identified and exploited to generate from the PCG technique direct measures for the sensitivity of the different response quantities to the non-orthotropic (anisotropic) material coefficients of the structure. The effectiveness of the PCG technique is demonstrated by means of a numerical example of an anisotropic cylindrical panel.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241104
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    Design sensitivity analysis of non-linear structural systems part I: TheoryResearch supported by NSF Project No. CEE 83-19871. The second author was partially supported by JNICT-PORTUGAL (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 2039-2055 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A unified approach is presented for design sensitivity analysis of non-linear structural systems that include truss, beam, plane elastic solid and plate components. Both geometric and material non-linearities are treated. Sizing design variables, such as thickness and cross-sectional areas of components of individual members and built-up structures, are considered. A distributed parameter structural design sensitivity analysis approach is used that retains the continuum elasticity formulation throughout the derivation of design sensitivity analysis results. Using this approach and an adjoint variable method, expressions for design sensitivity in terms of design variations are derived in the continuous setting which can be evaluated numerically using analysis results of finite element analysis. Both total Lagrangian and updated Lagrangian formulations in non-linear analysis of solid mechanics are used for design sensitivity analysis. Numerical implementation of design sensitivity analysis results using existing finite element code will be presented in Part II of this paper.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241103
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  • 171
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    Numerical simulation of confined unsteady aerodynamical flows (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1233-1250 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A system of algorithms is presented for the computer simulation of confined unsteady flows of a compressible fluid. The methods are valid for a wide range of time scales and are applied to simulate wind tunnel acoustics, flow over a ramp and flow past aircraft cavities.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240702
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  • 172
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    A basis change strategy for the reduced gradient method and the optimum design of large structures (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1269-1281 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper proposes a basis change strategy within the reduced gradient method for optimization under linear constraints. It ensures a non-singular basis matrix at every iteration. The same strategy can reliably be used within the generalized reduced gradient method for optimization under non-linear constraints. This method is applied to the minimum weight design of large structures under displacement and stress constraints, exploiting the sparsity of the constraint Jacobian matrix.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240704
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  • 173
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    Least-squares finite element method and preconditioned conjugate gradient solution (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1283-1296 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A least-squares variational procedure for first-order systems of differential equations and an approximate formulation based on finite elements are developed. Error estimates, a condition number bound and analysis of weighting factors are given. Steepest descent and conjugate gradient solution procedures are examined, and an appropriate preconditioner constructed which is demonstrated to yield rapid convergence and to be insensitive to problem size. Numerical studies of rates of convergence for a test problem are given.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240705
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  • 174
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    A new boundary finite element method for fluid-structure interaction problems (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1251-1267 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In order to study problems on fluid-structure interaction, we have used a mixed formulation which couples the classical functional of the structure with a new variational formulation by integral equations for the fluid. This formulation has the advantage over the finite element methods of avoiding the discretization of the fluid domain. Furthermore, unlike collocation methods, the explicit calculation of the Hadamard finite part of the singular integrals is avoided. This leads after discretization by boundary finite elements to a small and symmetrical algebraic system.Typical examples are presented that demonstrate the efficiency of this variational formulation by studying the sound transmission through a baffled plane structure and through a flexible panel backed by a rigid cavity. These include the calculation of the transmission loss factor and the determination of which modes dominate the noise transmission. Good agreement is obtained between numerical results and analytical results found in the literature.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240703
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    Correction (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 839-839 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240409
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    Masthead (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240501
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    Application of the finite element-difference method to vibration problems (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1581-1591 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The so-called finite element-difference method introduced in References 1 and 2 yields a continuous stress field by finite difference operations and finite element interpolations. In the present paper, applications of the method to vibration problems are discussed. The inverse iteration procedure is modified for this method. Numerical results show that the accuracy of solutions depends strongly on the type of finite difference operator chosen: for reliable and accurate solutions in modal analysis problems, element internal strains must be included in the strain field used to compute nodal forces associated with element deformations.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240813
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    CONDIF: A modified central-difference scheme for convective flows (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1593-1608 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: For most practical purposes, the central-difference scheme (CDS) would be ideal only if it were unconditionally stable. It is a simple and second-order scheme which is easy to implement. It does not introduce any second-order ‘diffusion’ like truncation error. However, for grid Peclet numbers larger than 2, the CDS leads to over- and under-shoots and is unstable. This paper presents a method, called CONDIF, which eliminates this undesirable feature of the CDS. It modifies the CDS by introducing a controlled amount of numerical diffusion based on the local gradients. The numerical diffusion can be adjusted to be negligibly low for most problems.CONDIF has been used to solve a number of test problems which have been widely used for comparative study of numerical schemes in the published literature. For all these problems the CONDIF results are significantly more accurate than those obtained from the hybrid scheme when the Peclet number is very high (→∞) and the flow is at large angles (→45 degrees) to the grid. In general the computational effort for CONDIF is comparable (within 20 per cent) to that for the hybrid scheme. However, in one instance the rate of convergence was found to be significantly slower.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240814
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    Finite element analysis of quasi-prismatic bodies using Chebyshev polynomials (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1461-1477 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A new kind of finite element is presented in this paper which is designed to work efficiently for bodies that are either prismatic or ‘quasi-prismatic’ in shape. Quasi-prismatic shapes are those which can be obtained from prismatic shapes by mere distortion. The element which is formulated in this paper may be coupled with other types of three-dimensional elements to allow the modelling of structures which are only partially prismatic or which have prismatic shapes within them. The element allows for a variety of boundary conditions, yet yields meshes which are easy to generate. The performance of this element is evaluated by numerical experiments that compare its results with analytical solutions for a thick cylinder problem and a curved beam problem. The element has also been demonstrated on a turbine blade model.
    Additional Material: 22 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240805
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    Professor Guy Sander (1937-1987) (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. iii 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241102
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    An ‘upwind’ finite element method for electromagnetic field problems in moving media (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 2071-2086 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Time periodic finite element solutions for sinusoidally excited electromagnetic field problems in moving media are presented. Solutions by the Galerkin method contain spurious oscillations when the grid Peclet number is more than one. To suppress these osillations an upwind finite element method using two different time periodic test functions is introduced. One is multiplied to second and first order space derivative terms and the other to the time derivative term. Test functions are obtained from trial functions by adding or subtracting quadratic bias functions with appropriate scaling factors. Phase differences are considered between trial functions and bias functions. For simple interpretations of the phase differences complex scaling factors are used. The proposed method is developed to give nodally exact solutions for uniform grid spacing in one dimensional problems. Based on the one dimensional results a two dimensional upwinding scheme is also derived.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241105
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    Convected systems for curved structural elements (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 2143-2166 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper presents a new approach to the use of the updated Lagrangian formulation with convected systems. The development of this new method is similar to the updated Lagrangian formulation presented by Bathe et al.4 The main difference is that here the tensors are written in their components in the curvilinear convected system, while Bathe, Ramm, and Wilson employ Cartesian components. A special form of the natural approach5 is also introduced in this formulation to simplify the element computations. The matrices of a two-dimensional curved beam-column element are derived as an example of this new formulation. Finally, a numerical evaluation is performed to evaluate critically the new curved element and the method proposed here.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241109
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  • 183
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    Selective refinement: A new strategy for automatic node placement in graded triangular meshes (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 2183-2200 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Automating triangular finite element mesh generation involves two interrelated tasks: generatine a distribution of well-placed nodes on the boundary and in the interior of a domain, and constructing a triangulation of these nodes. For a given distribution of nodes, the Delaunay triangulation generally provides a suitable mesh, and Watson's algorithm26 provides a flexible means of constructing it. In this paper, a new method is described for automating node placement in a Delaunay triangulation by seieclive refinement of an initial triangulation. Grading of the mesh is controlled by an explicit or implicit node spacing function. Although this paper describes the technique only in the planar context, the method generalizes to three dimensions as well.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241111
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  • 184
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    Conference diary (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1825-1826 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240916
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  • 185
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    An expert system for the optimal mesh design in the hp-version of the finite element methodPresented at the First World Congress on Computational Mechanics, Austin, Texas, September 1986 (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 2087-2106 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper suggests a simple expert system frame and provides the domain knowledge for the optimal mesh design and the prediction of the error in the energy norm for the problem of plane elasticity using the hp-extension in the finite element method. The expert system monitors the progress of the analysis, guides the user through the various steps and is able to reason about its own advice. In an example the user-expert communication is shown and the superiority of the results is demonstrated.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241106
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  • 186
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    Finite element calculation of three-dimensional hot forging (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 2107-2117 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A three-dimensional finite, element model for the simulation of isothermal hot forging is presented.The material behaviour is assumed to be incompressible visco-plastic (Norton-Hoff law), with the associated friction law. The velocity field is calculated with a finite element approximation using eight node hexahedral or six node prismatic elements. An explicit Euler scheme is used for time integration. Simulations of compression of a cubic block and horizontal cylinder are performed. The computed results are compared with experimental measurements made on special Plasticine.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241107
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  • 187
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    On artificial strain of thin curved elements (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 2167-2181 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper presents an attempt to clarify further the nature of the overstiffness of thin curved structural elements. It follows the approach presented by Ashwell and co-workers1,2 who based their study on shape functions of arch elements. Such elements display the same stiff behaviour as complex shell elements but are simpler to study and understand. An examination of several discretizations for a two-dimensional curved beam-column element for linear elastic analysis of arches is performed. This examination and the numerical results obtained from these approximations provide a new interpretation of the artificial strains based on the mapping variables of shape functions. Two new methods to reduce the artificial stiffness of the element are proposed.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241110
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  • 188
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    Petrov - Galerkin method for multidimensional, time-dependent, convective-diffusion equations (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 2201-2215 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A Petrov - Galerkin finite element method for two and three-dimensional time dependent convection-diffusion equations is presented in the context of two space dimensions. The method involves perturbed weighting functions in the weighted residuals formulation, that are bilinear in space and quadratic in time and depend on two parameters which are calculated according to a local analysis for the one dimensional case. The perturbations to the weighting functions can be interpreted as an added local anisotropic balancing diffusion and an added dispersion in the direction of the convective motion. The effectiveness of the method is shown through several examples involving the convective and diffusive transport of scalar distributions in known velocity fields.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241112
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  • 189
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    Solution of three-dimensional natural convection about a vertical square rod in a cylindrical enclosure (1987)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 7 (1987), S. 155-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Cavity Flow ; Three-dimensional ; Primitive Variables ; Navier-Stokes Equations ; Boundary-fitted Co-ordinates ; SIMPLE Solution Scheme ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The problem of three-dimensional laminar natural convection in a vertical enclosure with an inner square rod is treated by a numerical method in boundary-fitted co-ordinates. The inner and outer cylinders are heated and cooled, respectively, to maintain different constant surface temperatures. The horizontal enclosure surfaces are maintained at adiabatic conditions. The Prandtl number is that of air, 0·703, and the Rayleigh numbers span the conduction, transition and boundary layer regimes of flow. The radius ratio is 1, and the aspect ratio (cylinder length divided by maximum annular gap) is 1. The results of the study provide data useful in the design and performance assessment of nuclear reactor spent fuel shipping casks.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.1650070205
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  • 190
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    Finite element analysis of flow in a gas-filled rotating annulusBased on work performed at Oak Ridge Gaseous Diffusion Plant, operated by Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc, for the U.S. Department of Energy under U.S. Government contract DE-AC05-840R21400. (1987)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 7 (1987), S. 215-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Finite Element Method ; Rotating Fluid Mechanics ; Slip Flow ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Linearized multidimensional flow in a gas centrifuge can be described away from the ends by Onsager's pancake equation. However a rotating annulus results in a slightly different set of boundary conditions from the usual symmetry at the axis of rotation. The problem on an annulus becomes ill-posed and requires some special attention. Herein we treat axially linear inner and outer rotor temperature distributions and velocity slip. An existence condition for a class of non-trivial, one-dimensional solutions is given. New exact solutions in the infinite bowl approximation have been derived containing terms that are important at finite gap width and non-vanishing velocity slip. The usual one-dimensional, axially symmetric solution is obtained as a limit. Our previously reported finite element algorithm has been extended to treat this new class of problems. Effects of gap width, temperature and slip conditions are illustrated. Lastly, we report on the compressible, finite length, circular Couette flow for the first time.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.1650070303
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  • 191
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    A finite element method for transient compressible flow in pipelines (1987)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 7 (1987), S. 291-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Gas Flow Pipe ; Finite Element ; Transient ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A finite element method is developed to solve the partial differential equations describing the unsteady flow of gas in pipelines. Excellent agreement is obtained between simulated results and experimental data from a fullscale gas pipeline. The method is used to describe very transient flow (blowout), and to determine the performance of leak detection systems, and proves to be very stable and reliable.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.1650070308
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  • 192
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    Numerical solution of the transport equation for passive contaminants in three-dimensional complex terrains (1987)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 7 (1987), S. 319-335 
    Details
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This paper presents a numerical solution of the transport equation for heat and species in complex three-dimensional spaces. The solution domain of the equation is transformed into a cube, as also is the governing equation; the resultant equation is solved in the transformed space via a finite difference technique. The validity of the developed computer code is tested by predicting test cases for which either analytical or reliable experimental results exist. Results are also presented for the rate of convergence of the method and the computer storage requirements, from which the validity, the flexibility and the economy of the developed method are proved for flows in real three-dimensional complex terrains.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.1650070403
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  • 193
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    A finite element procedure for viscoelastic flows (1987)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 7 (1987), S. 1035-1052 
    Details
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Non-Newtonian Flows ; Viscoelasticity ; Maxwell Fluids ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A finite element method for the simulation of viscoelastic flows has been developed. It uses a weak formulation of the method of characteristics to treat the viscoelastic constitutive law. Numerical results in a 4:1 contraction are presented and are discussed with respect to previous computations. New phenomena are put in evidence and new questions are opened in this already controversial problem.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.1650071004
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  • 194
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    Adaptive finite element methods for high-speed compressible flows (1987)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 7 (1987), S. 1211-1228 
    Details
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Adaptive Methods ; Finite Elements ; Compressible Flow ; Turbomachinery ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: We describe an adaptive finite element algorithm for solving the unsteady Euler equations. The finite element algorithm is based on a Taylor/Galerkin formulation and uses a very fast and efficient data structure to refine and unrefine the grid in order to optimize the approximation. We give a general version of the method which can be applied to moving grids with sliding interfaces and we present the results for a transient supersonic calculation of rotor-stator interaction.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.1650071105
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  • 195
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    Recent progress in the development and understanding of SUPG methods with special reference to the compressible Euler and Navier-Stokes equationsBased on an invited lecture.Supported by NASA Langley Research Center under Grant NASA-NAG-1-361 and the IBM Almaden Research Center under Grant No. 604912. (1987)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 7 (1987), S. 1261-1275 
    Details
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Advection-diffusion equation ; Advective-diffusive systems ; Artificial-diffusion ; Compressible flows ; Discontinuous Galerkin method ; Entropy Error analysis ; Euler equations ; Finite elements ; Galerkin method ; Hyperbolic systems ; Incompressible flow ; Navier-Stokes equations ; Petrov-Galerkin method ; Space-time formulation ; Upwind methods ; Weighted residual methods ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: SUPG methods were originally developed for the scalar advection-diffusion equation and the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. In the last few years successful extensions have been made to symmetric advective-diffusive systems and, in particular, the compressible Euler and Navier-Stokes equations. New procedures have been introduced to improve resolution of discontinuities and thin layers. In this paper a brief overview is presented of recent progress in the development and understanding of SUPG methods.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.1650071108
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  • 196
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    Masthead (1987)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 7 (1987) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.1650071201
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  • 197
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    Finite-element analysis of fluid flow and heat transfer for staggered bundles of cylinders in cross flow (1987)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 7 (1987), S. 1325-1342 
    Details
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Convective Heat Transfer ; Finite Elements ; Navier-Stokes Equations ; Numerical Results ; Penalty Model ; Staggered Cylinders ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations and the energy equation governing steady laminar incompressible flow are solved by a penalty finite-element model for flow across finite depth, five-row deep, staggered bundles of cylinders. Pitch to diameter ratios of 1·5 and 2·0 are considered for cylinders in equilateral triangular and square arrangements. Reynolds numbers studied range from 100 to 400, and a Prandtl number of 0·7 is used. Velocity vector fields, streamline patterns, vorticity, pressure and temperature contours, local and average Nusselt numbers, pressure and shear stress distributions around the cylinder walls and drag coefficients are presented. The results obtained agree well with available experimental and numerical data.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.1650071204
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  • 198
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    Review: Formulating efficient finite-element codes for flows in regular domains (1987)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 7 (1987), S. 1-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Separable Basis ; Tensor Product ; Vectorized code ; Finite Element ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Many fluid flow problems of current interest occur in domains that are mappable to a rectangle or a box; conformal mappings are particularly useful in this regard. We are concerned here with the efficient solution of such problems using finite elements. The central issue is the element choice, and this issue is addressed in terms of operation counts, computer memory and I/0 requirements, and the extent to which code vectorization is possible. It is concluded that rectangular (box) elements generally lead to more efficient algorithms that triangular (tetrahedral) elements. A synthesis of algorithms, based on bilinear (trilinear) elements, is presented. The algorithms have the attributes of simplicity, accuracy, stability and straightforward incorporation of boundary conditions. For bilinear and trilinear elements, it is found that product and first-derivative terms are well-handled by the Galerkin FE method, but that it is advantageous to go outside of the Galerkin framework when treating second-derivative terms. It is particularly important to consider the form of the governing equations, vis-à-vis the choice of staggered, non-staggered and/or mixed-order elements, and to choose an appropriate time scheme. The described techniques have been successfully applied to a variety of problems in regular domains, including the solution of the three-dimensional time-dependent hydrostatic primitive equations; these are stiff and include first and second derivative terms, non-linearities and variable coefficients due to a conformal mapping.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.1650070102
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  • 199
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    Pressure potential formulation of 2-D stokes problems in multiply-connected domains (1987)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 7 (1987), S. 69-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Stokes Problems ; Pressure ; Pressure Potential ; Incompressible ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: In general Stokes problems, no boundary conditions exist for the pressure. But pressure is an L2(Ω) function and can uniquely be represented as the divergence of a precisely defined vector field. In the 2-D case, this vector field can in turn be represented as the sum of a gradient (of a pressure-potential) and the curl of a second scalar potential. The latter potential is entirely determined by the first one. A variational equation is obtained for such pressure potential class, which exists and is uniquely characterized. This variational problem is well-posed. Finite element approximations can easily be realized and ensure high convergence rates for the L2(Ω) norm of the pressure.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.1650070106
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  • 200
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    Conference diary (1987)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 7 (1987), S. 195-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.1650070208
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