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  • 1980-1984  (793)
  • 1981  (793)
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (704)
  • Gas chromatography  (89)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 315 (1981), S. 219-225 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: 3-Methoxytyramine ; Haloperidol ; Dopamine release ; Dopamine agonists ; Gas chromatography ; Mass Spectrometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The value of 3-methoxytyramine (3-MT) as an indicator of impulse-related dopamine (DA) release has been assessed in rat corpus striatum. Moreover, the turnover of 3-MT was estimated by measuring its disappearance rate after COMT inhibition. Quantitation of 3-MT and DA was performed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (selected ion monitoring). Haloperidol in doses between 0.05 and 3 mg/kg p.o. did not increase endogenous 3-MT levels at any time up to 24 h after its administration, whereas it dose-dependently increased homovanillic acid and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid. However, in doses above 0.1 mg/kg p.o., it enhanced the accumulation of 3-MT in clorgyline-pretreated animals. Conversely, baclofen in doses of 2 mg/kg i.p. and above decreased endogeneous 3-MT levels, but reduced the accumulation of this amine only poorly at 20 mg/kg i.p. in clorgyline-pretreated rats. A number of dopamine agonists, apomorphine (0.5 mg/kg i.v.), dipropyl-ADTN (0.03 mg/kg i.v.), but not bromocriptine (1 mg/kg i.v.) reduced endogenous 3-MT levels 10 min after administration by approximately 50%. The DA releasing agents d-amphetamine and methylphenidate showed different effects: the former increased endogenous 3-MT greatly, whereas the latter was without effect. The difference is likely to be related to the MAO inhibitory properties of amphetamine. 3-MT disappeared rapidly after COMT inhibition with 50 mg/kg i.v. tropolone (half-life of the initial disappearance about 1 min). The curve flattened off after 5–10 min. Turnover was calculated to be about 7 nmol/g/h, which corresponds to about a third of the turnover of DA. Our results suggest that an important part of DA metabolism occurs through 3-MT and that this amine is very effectively deaminated by MAO-A, so effectively indeed that increased formation does not increase its endogeneous levels. It appears, therefore, that 3-MT is not suitable as an indicator of increased DA release. However, it seems to have some value for an assessment of lowered DA release.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 48 (1981), S. 319-324 
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Chlorophenols ; Gas chromatography ; Hexachlorocyclohexane ; Metabolites
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A sensitive and specific gas chromatographic method is described for the simultaneous determination of ten chlorinated phenols that appear in the urine of persons exposed to hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH). The phenolic compounds in the urinary samples are hydrolysed in an acidic medium and derivatised with acetic anhydride. This sample treatment permits routine application. The stationary phase (8% DC 200 on Chromosorb G AW-DMCS possesses a high separating capability for the acetic esters of the chlorophenols. The detection limits lie between 4.9 and 18.6 μg/l and allow determinations even in the environmentally interesting concentration range. The recoveries determined using aqueous standards range between 87 and 119% and the relative standard deviations are between 4.4 and 10.1%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 75 (1981), S. 179-183 
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: DMT ; Gas chromatography ; Hyperactivity ; Pargyline ; SKF-525A ; Mice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Mice pretreated with the monoamine oxidase inhibitor pargyline showed a dose-dependent increase in hyperactivity for up to 2 h following injections of N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT: 0.5–8.0 mg/kg). Hyperactivity was related to a linear increase in whole brain concentrations of DMT as measured by a new sensitive gas chromatographic assay. The duration of this behaviour paralleled the concentration of DMT in the brain from 15–120 min. However, at 15 min, there was no significant difference in brain DMT concentrations between mice receiving pargyline and those given distilled water at the two dose levels of DMT studied (2.0 and 8.0 mg/kg). Pre-treatment with the microsomal enzyme inhibitor SKF-525A, alone or in combination with pargyline, had no effect on the DMT-induced behaviour or on the brain levels of DMT.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 48 (1981), S. 99-106 
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Urine analysis metabolites ; Gas chromatography ; Hexane ; Cyclohexane ; Biological monitoring
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A gas chromatographic method for analyzing the urinary metabolites of n-hexane (2-hexanol, 2,5-hexanedione, 2,5-dimethylfuran and γ-valerolactone), of 2-methylpentane (2-methyl-2-pentanol), of 3-methylpentane (3-methyl-2-pentanol), and of cyclohexane (cyclohexanol) was developed. Processing of urine and the gas chromatographic conditions are described. The recovery rate of all hexane metabolites, except 2,5-dimethylfuran, ranged between 92 and 100%. The variation coefficient of metabolites determination was between 1.5 and 5%, apart from 2,5-dimethylfuran determination for which the variation coefficient was 15%. The detection limits ranged between 0.2 and 0.7 mg/1 and between 0.05 and 0.1 mg/1 when a packed or capillary column was used. Results obtained from a packed and capillary column are discussed.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 49 (1981), S. 115-123 
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Blood analysis of solvents ; Gas chromatography ; Head space ; Toxicokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The determination of toluene, benzene, ethylbenzene and trichloro-ethylene in blood by means of a gas chromatographic head space technique is presented. Internal standards are added to the blood samples in the form of water solutions of volatile hydrocarbons in proportion 2:1. This enables application of the internal standard within the broad range of concentrations and in addition increases significantly the concentrations of investigated compounds in the gas phase of incubation vessel. Elaborated methods were applied for determinations of ethylbenzene in blood samples collected after experimental inhalation exposure and for evaluation of the rate of disappearance of benzene, toluene and trichloro-ethylene from blood after acute accidental or suicidal intoxications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 601-602 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Ethanolamines ; Ethylene glycols ; Direct separation ; Gas chromatography ; Short glass capillaries
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary An effective and rapid GC separation of ethanolamines, even in the presence of ethylene glycols, using short glass capillary columns is developed. No preliminary derivatisation of the sample is necessary. The separation is completed in 6 minutes.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 143-147 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Capillary columns ; Gas chromatography ; Retention index ; Structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The retention index of twenty different homologous series of esters have been determined experimentally on polar (Carbowax 1540) and non-polar (squalane) columns. General equations to calculate retention index have been established by statistical methods. The influence of the length and inductive effect of acid and alcohol chains and the relative position of the carboxylic group are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 285-288 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Porous layer open tubular columns ; Kaolin as support ; Column performance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary PLOT columns have been prepared with kaolin as the liquid phase support. These columns show good efficiency with different stationary phases and good thermal stability with polar phases. The performance of columns is shown by the separation of various mixtures such as fatty acids, phenols and anilines which are of analytical importance.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Urea herbicides ; Catalytic hydrolysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A method is described for the rapid catalytic hydrolysis of phenylurea herbicides on silica gel at elevated temperatures. After derivatisation of the anilines produced with heptafluorobutyric acid anhydride final analysis is done on a gas chromatograph equipped with an electroncapture detector. Detection limits are in the 1–5 picogram range. The method has successfully been applied to residue analysis of water samples at the 1 ppb level. The determination of free anilines present in water samples and the potential of various techniques to be used to discriminate between free anilines and parent herbicides are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ; Retention index ; Average molecular polarizabilities
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A significant correlation has been found between the retention indices of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on non-polar stationary phases and the average molecular polarizabilities of the molecules separated on these phases. Equations have been derived for the determination of the average molecular polarizabilities, directly from the retention indices.
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 69-72 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons ; Retention index ; Vapour pressure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The retention index of a planar polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon on the GC phases OV-101, SE-52, and OV-17 is strictly related only to the boiling point, and less closely to the relative molecular mass. The very approximates relation with connectivity index ins only a consequence of the latter. On a nematic lqiuid crystal phase, a variation of activity coefficient, expressed in terms of a shape factor, also influences the retention of PAH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 269-276 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Detector performance ; Trace analysis ; Catalytic conversion ; Multidimensional gas chromatography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Relationships are derived describing how the detection limit of a chromatographic system depends on the minimum detectable limit of the detector and the chromatographic parameters such as column length, efficiency, carrier gas flow rate and the capacity factor. Performance data of detectors developed in the last 25 years at the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences are given and a few selected application examples are listed. These include trace analysis by preconcentration and by direct analysis and the utilization of multidimensional gas chromatography with two columns, two detectors, a 12-port valve, and a catalytic conversion reactor.
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  • 13
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; C1−C5 Hydrocarbons ; Dimethyl ether
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary An analytical GC method was developed which uses a single packed column consisting of three packings in series prepared with the following liquid phases: dimethyl sulfolane, propylene carbonate, and silver nitrate. This system provides satisfactory resolution of mixtures of C1−C5 hydrocarbons and dimethyl ether obtained when converting methanol to gasoline. Due to the high capacity of the column it is possible to inject larger sample amounts permitting trace analysis.
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  • 14
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Phthalides ; Umbelliferae ; Liquid-solid chromatography ; Gas chromatography ; Ligustilide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A liquid-solid chromatographic pre-fractionation of naturally occurring phthalides has been developed. The LSC was carried out on a column of silica applying a 1–50% gradient elution of diethyl ether (containing 2% methanol) in pentane. The enrichment in the fractions led to better possibilities for a gas chromatographic separation and isolation allowing further studies by spectroscopic methods. Ligustilide may easily isomerize during GC as a result of ageing of the column.
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 19-22 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Teflon columns ; Chemically modified teflon ; Gas chromatography ; Capillary columns
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Wall-coated open tubular columns prepared from chemically modified teflon tubing have been developed for gas chromatography. Chemical reaction of the inner walls of teflon tubing allows bonding of an adhesive layer on which a variety of stationary phaes can be coated. Test mixtures of alkanes and alcohols were used to investigate the chromatographic properties of these columns and the stability and mixing of the adhesive and stationary phae layers. the results in dicate that mixing of the layers is negligible and that the column is stable for a long period of time.
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 55-66 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Capillary columns, glass ; Gas chromatography ; Column preparation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Kapillar-Gas-Chromatographie ist heute das sich am stärksten entwickelnde Gebiet der Gas-Chromatographie. Es gibt viele komplexe, neue Fragestellungen in der Analytik, welche den Einsatz spezieller Kapillarsäulen erfordem. Glücklicherweise gibt es aber auch eine große Zahl von Herstellungsverfahren für Kapillarsäulen, welche — noch mehr als bei der Herstellung von gepackten Säulen — eine Anpassung an die gestellten Aufgaben ermöglichen. In diesem Artikel werden die Herstellungsverfahren für Kapillarsäulen zusammengestellt und Anregungen gegeben, wie aufgaben-orientierte Säulen erreicht werden.
    Notes: Summary Glass capillary column chromatography is the most rapidly growing part of gas chromatography. There are many complex new analytical tasks and they require special capillary columns, Fortunately there is a wide range of column preparation methods available, and they make the preparation of glass capillary columns a more varied job than that of packed columns. In this paper these methods are reviewed and suggestions are given for making task-oriented columns.
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 11-16 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; SCOT column ; Coating, liquid phase ; Single-step coating ; Phenols ; Phenolic acids ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A single-step coating method for the preparation of glass capillary SCOT columns is described. It is reproducible and less time-consuming than the well-known two-step coating procedures. Other methods attempted are discussed briefly. Both the flame ionization and electron capture detectors could be used in conjunction with temperature programming. The separations achieved with an “activity mixture”, phenols and phenolic acids, illustrate the resolution obtained. The columns are suitable for quantitative determinations and a comparison is made with a conventional packed column.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 38-39 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Fused silica capillary column ; Activity ; Hydroxylated surfaces ; Dehydroxylated surfaces ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 411-412 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, fused silica ; Chemical bonding - cross-linking ; Apolar columns ; Preparation ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 523-524 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Split injection ; Injection time influence ; PAH ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 533-534 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; End-sealing method for static coating ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 421-422 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary columns ; Unstable flavor compound ; Comparison of fused silica, glass, and metal columns ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 49-53 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Glass capillary ; Routine analysis of C1-C6 carboxylic acids ; Animal wastes ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The C1 -C6 fatty acids present in various types of heterogeneous animal wastes were isolated by steam distillation and determined as benzyl esters by high resolution gas chromatography. Glass capillary columns, deactivated with barium carbonate and coated with UCON HB 5100, allowed the analysis of benzyl formate, acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, butyrate, isovalerate, valerate, and caproate in less than 20 minutes. Recovery tests, performed on more than 50 different samples, indicated a benzylation yield and an overall efficiency higher than 99%, with a standard deviation of 2.6% (C5) to 6.0% (C1). The absolute detection limit ranged from 0.3 picomole (caproic acid) to 1.0 picomole (formic acid).
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 495-499 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary column, fused silica ; Mass spectrometry ; Interface, direct coupling ; On-column injection ; Aflatoxin B1 ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A novel fused silica capillary GC/MS direct coupling is described which ensures quantitative transfer of sample from the point of injection to the ion source of a mass spectrometer without contacting any surfaces other than the column wall. This device permits GC analysis of highly labile substances. Aflatoxin B1, previously considered unassayable by GC, can now be determined by GC/MS.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 164-168 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Simultaneous detection with effluent splitter ; Element-specific detection ; Petroleum residues ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Two glass capillary gas chromatographic systems were equipped with inert effluent splitters which allowed simultaneous data acquisition using nonspecific and element-specific detectors. Simultaneous detection was achieved using the nonspecific flame ionization detector (FID) and the Hall® electrolytic conductivity detector (HECD) operated in either the sulfur-or the nitrogen-specific mode. Typical application of the simultaneous detection system as applied to analysis of petroleum residues is briefly described. The Hall electrolytic conductivity detector can be made element specific for halogen-, sulfur-, or nitrogen-containing compounds. Simultaneous detection enhances the information yield from a single sample injection and proves to be a powerful complementary technique when used with computerized gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 169-172 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Residue analysis ; Pirimiphos-methyl ; Malathion ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A gas chromatographic method developed for the simultaneous determination of residues of pirimiphos-methyl (O-[2-(dimethyl-amino)-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinyl] O,O-dimethyl phosphorothioate) and malathion (diethyl mercaptosuccinate S-ester with O,O-dimethyl phosphorodithioate), in whole peanuts, peanut hulls, peanut meats, and peanut oil gives good recoveries and has a limit of detection for pirimiphos-methyl and malathion of 0.04 ppm. Quantitative analysis for the two insecticides with electronic integration was reliable to 0.1 ppm.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 27
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 295-296 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; On-column injection ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 28
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    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 257-259 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Dihydro dimethyl ethers of vitamin K1 ; Separtion of diastereomers ; Characterization of source of vitamin K1 samples ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method is described for the gas-chromatographic determination of the diastereomers of vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) in the form of their dihydro dimethyl ethers. The reported method of derivatization and chromatographic analysis in conjunction with optical rotation measurements are useful approaches for characterization of vitamin K1 samples with respect to their origin.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 29
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    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 333-336 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Rapid analysis ; On-line analysis ; Low molecular weight hydrocarbons ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Rapid analysis is important for on-line chromatography. Gaseous or vaporized samples have been injected via heated gas sampling valves of less than 500 μl dead volume. The critical sampling and split problems could be solved by temperature programming. The general analysis described could be successfully used inter alia in scouting reactions.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 30
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Dynamic headspace analysis ; Solid waste ; Fused silica capillary columns ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A dynamic headspace stripping technique for the extraction of volatile organic compounds has been applied to a variety of solid and semisolid waste materials. A simple glass apparatus accommodates a wide range of sample sizes and allows for the volatiles to be stripped at elevated temperatures. Concentration on Tenax, followed by thermal desorption and analysis by fused silica capillary gas chromatography provides detailed information on the volatile content of waste samples of widely differing matrix composition.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 31
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    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 527-529 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Thermodynamics ; Identification of analytes ; Olefins ; Squalane ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 32
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    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 612-615 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Porous layer open tubular fused silica columns ; Aluminum oxide ; C1-C5 hydrocarbons ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method is described for the preparation of a Porous Layer Open Tubular (PLOT) fused silica column coated with submicron particles of aluminum oxide for the analysis of light hydrocarbons. The column is thermally stable and provides reproducible analytical data over a long period of time. The column can be operated at temperatures easily controlled by commercially available gas chromatographic apparatus. 1,3-Butadiene is retarded much more than its principal impurities: thus the polarity of aluminum oxide is extremely useful for butadiene analysis because none of the contaminants is obscured by the butadiene peak. The analysis of the 16 most common C1-C4 hydrocarbons is achieved within 5 min at 60°C with helium as the carrier gas. Conditioning of the carrier gas with water vapor from CuSO4.5H2O to decrease the activity of the aluminum oxide is described. Some applications of a 30 m × 0.32 mm aluminum oxide PLOT column are given.
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  • 33
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    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 603-611 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, fused silica ; Gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer/data system ; Dynamic headspace analysis ; Focused cryogenic trapping ; Pyrolysis ; Polymers ; Adhesives ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Focused cryogenic trapping has been used to maximize the high resolution capabilities of fused silica capillary columns during dynamic headspace and pyrolytic polymer analyses. Mass spectrometric detection with data system recording/processing provide sensitive, selective, and rapid results. The techniques described herein demonstrate the power of both dynamic headspace and pyrolytic analyses for troubleshooting applications with complex industrial polymer products.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 34
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 188-190 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Helium ionization detector (HID) ; Vinyl chloride ; Sulfur gases ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 35
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 346-347 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; WCOT-glass capillary ; Organophosphorus insecticides ; Pesticides ; Metabolites ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: This article considers the separation of 23 organophosphorus insecticides to which two metabolites have been added. The high resolution of the column permits detection of the Z and E isomers of three of these insecticides.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 36
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 580-581 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Coal gasification tar ; Boiling point distribution ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 37
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 215-217 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary columns ; Direct method for flavor evaluation ; Aromatic herbs analysis ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A simple, quick method is described for GC head space evaluation of herbs and drugs. The proposed procedure consists of milling a weighed sample of a certain herb in a glass device like a Braun MXK coffee grinder, modified in such a way that a special gas-tight valve allows the direct sampling of the vapors. Glass capillary columns are used to analyze the head space volatiles. Some preliminary applications of the method are given.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 38
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 232-232 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Static coating ; Sealing method ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 39
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 323-327 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Deactivation by colloidal aqueous silica plus BTPPC plus Carbowax 1000 ; Use for adsorption-sensitive solutes fails with basic compounds ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Glass capillary columns have been prepared without acidic additive in the stationary phase, from which free organic acids elute as sharp and symmetrical peaks. The required surface in the borosilicate glass capillary was generated by a combination of leaching with aqueous HCl and deposition of colloidal silica particles; it can be coated with stationary phases have a broad range of polarity. Aqueous samples containing free organic acids can also be analyzed in such columns in an isothermal mode.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 40
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 122-123 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Fused silica ; Capillary columns ; Deactivation ; Pyrocarbon ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 41
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 156-163 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, fused silica ; Priority pollutants ; Volatile organics ; Extractable organics ; Pesticides ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Acrolein, acrylonitrile, volatile organics, base/neutral extractables, acid extractables, and pesticide fraction organics are analyzed in a single chromatographic run. This is accomplished by injecting the extractable organics, then applying a cryogenic focus to the front of the column, and desorbing the volatile components. The column utilized for this procedure is a fused silica open tubular (FSOT) column coated with the liquid phase SE-54. Minimum detection limits of this procedure by electron impact GC/MS are shown to be≤ 1 μg/liter in tests conducted on actual water samples.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 42
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 180-180 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary ; Injector to column connection ; TCDD ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 43
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 186-187 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Effluent splitter, preparation of ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 44
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 578-579 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Crosslinked silicones ; Peroxide-initiated vulcanization ; Trifluoropylsilicone ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 45
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 583-584 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; 10% CuCl in stationary phase greatly improves resolution of high-boiling olefins (up to 190°C) ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 46
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 641-643 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary column ; On-column injection ; Discrimination ; Criteria given for precise sampling ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 47
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, fused silica ; Split injection ; Splitless injection ; Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, quantitation ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 48
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 203-208 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary column ; Split injection, vaporizing ; Glass wool as evaporation aid in split injector ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: It has been reported that glass wool packed tightly into the glass liner of a vaporizing injector used in the splitting mode considerably reduces the standard deviation of the results obtained, because of improved evaporation of the sample prior to reaching the split point at the capillary column entrance. This finding could not be reproduced on using the same sample composition as reported in the literature, i.e. methanol/2-ethyl-1-hexanol (1:1).The standard deviations obtained were between 3 and 10% (depending on the conditions selected) and were not influenced significantly by the introduction of glass wool.The peak area ratio (methanol/2-ethyl-1-hexanol) was found to depend on a number of parameters, such as: injector temperature; glass liner internal diameter; syringe handling technique; the relative position of the syringe needle exit and capillary column entrance; the sample volume injected; and the packing of the glass liner. Generally, the area ratio deviated further from the correct one (determined by cold on-column sampling) when the glass liner was packed with glass wool.On the basis of the results, it is speculated that either a complete evaporation of the sample should be achieved (which appears to be impossible under the conditions we used) or, alternatively, the sample should be given the least possible opportunity to evaporate, thus allowing it to enter the column in the form of droplets. The results were worse in terms of precision and accuracy the greater the partition of sample components between the liquid (droplet) and vapor phase. It is concluded that the use of evaporation aids such as glass wool cannot be generally recommended.
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  • 49
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 297-299 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Quantitative mulicomponent analysis ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 50
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 647-648 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Direct injection of silicone fluids method of choice for determining trace organic contaminants ; ≥ 1 ppm toluene determined ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 51
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; On-column injection ; Triglycerides ; Separation according to degree of unsaturation ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Triglycerides are separated according to their molecular weight and their degree of unsaturation on glass capillary columns by use of the on-column injection technique. The columns employed are silylated SE-30 columns of 4.5, 8, and 10m length with a film thickness of ca. 0.15 μm. The paper gives several examples of chromatograms of natural and hydrogenated triglycerides as well as of mixtures of pure, known triglycerides before and after interesterification.
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  • 52
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 151-155 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; XAD-2 resin ; Fungicide residues, determination in wine and grape juice ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The fungicides Bupirimate, Fenarimol, and Vinclozolin were sprayed on Vines. The fruits were harvested 8 and 21 days after the final application and processed to juice and wine. The fungicide residues were determined by filtration of the samples throug XAD-2 after pH adjustment, elution with methylene chloride, and glass capillary gas chromatography with SE-30 as stationary phase. Residue values of the three compounds were reported before and after fermentation. The precision of the analytical method was established by spiking portuguese white wine and spanish grape juice with the three fungicides and Triadimefon. The recoveries were in the range 80%-100%, except for Vinclozolin.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 53
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 181-182 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Diatomaceous earth ; Deactivation ; Pyrocarbon ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 54
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 183-183 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; End-sealing technique for static coating ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 55
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 294-295 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, fused silica ; 2,3,7,8-TCDD ; Tetrachlorodibenzofurans ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 56
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 385-392 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary columns ; Theory of band broadening ; Regression methods in column evaluation abt concept ; Possible aid in assessing coating efficiency ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In the approach to the developement of a practical procedure for the evaluation of band broadening properties of gas capillary columns, the expression for the variance of a solute band is cast in a dimensionless form. This expression supplies the basis for a valid bench mark for column evaluation. Experimental results demonstrate the applicability of the method.
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  • 57
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 406-408 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary ; Effluent splitter, fused silica ; Efficient ; Inert ; Minimum dead volume ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 58
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 437-443 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Gas chromatographic profiles ; n-Butylboronates ; Alkyl-oximes ; Primary prostaglandins ; 6-Keto prostaglandin F1α ; Thromboxane B2 ; Isomers of prostaglandin F1α ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: This work describes the use of glass capillary columns (GCC) in the rapid concurrent analysis of primary prostaglandins (PGs) (e. g. PGE2, PGE2, PGF2α) and other functionally significant metabolites of arachidonic acid (AA) such as TXB2 and 6-keto PGF1α. The use of a new multistep mixed derivatization approach that generates the methyl esters of n-butylboronate, pentafluorobenzyloxime, trimethylsilyl ether derivatives of these compounds remarkably simplifies the GC profiling of the three main pathways of AA metabolism (PGs, thromboxane, and prostacyclin). Furthermore, isomeric species giving very similar or identical mass spectral patterns can be easily identified by their relative retention times on high efficiency capillary columns.
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  • 59
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 86-89 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Packed columns ; Multidimensional switching, MDSS ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A multidimensional switching system with two packed columns has been used for the analysis of volatiles. Use of a high-boiling solvent and the backflush mode permitted total resolution of the mixture discussed in a short analysis time.
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  • 60
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 102-108 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Series-coupled columns with different stationary phases ; Independent temperature control of columns ; Constant mass flow rate ; Retention time expressions ; Theory ; Selectivity control ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The technique of controlling chromatographic selectivity by the adjustment of column temperatures in systems of series-coupled columns is investigated by means of a general model incorporating the effects of temperature and mobile phase compressibility. In a previous article the performance of series-coupled columns was investigated under conditions of constant overall pressure drop. The present paper, on the other hand, considers systems in which a constant mass flow rate is maintained at all temperatures. The expressions derived for the effective partition coefficient and the retention time are compared with those of the previous paper. The numerical results for two-column systems exhibit the same major trends as those for constant pressure drop. It is shown that the effective partition coefficient is slightly dependent on the mass flow rate.
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  • 61
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 549-552 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary column ; Optically active stationary phase ; Amino acids, enantiomeric derivatives ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An enantiomeric mixture of amino acids is derivatized to give the respective N(O)-perfluoroacyl alkyl esters which can be resolved directly by gas chromatography on a Chirasil-Val capillary column. The retention times, resolution numbers, and elution order are reported.
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  • 62
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 218-223 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Column preparation ; “Split” vs. “on-column” injection ; Amino acid analysis, quantitative 10 ng level ; Average relative standard deviation 1% ; Fish muscle protein analysis ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A carefully Standardized technique is described for the preparation of glass capillary columns which can be used successfully for routine quantitative amino acid analysis. Comparison is made between two different modes of sample injection. Preliminary quantitative results from “split” injection and “on-column” injection techniques are evaluated statistically and it is concluded that the “on-column” system is a prerequisite for quantitative amino acid analysis by glass capillary gas chromatography. An analysis of fish muscle protein hydrolyzate illustrates an application of this technique and results are compared with those from a packed column analysis.
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  • 63
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 184-185 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, fused silica ; Alkene halohydrins ; Positional isomers ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The use of a fused silica capillary column for the gas chromatographic analysis of alkene halohydrin positional isomers is described. This method is illustrated with the complete resolution of the positional isomers for propylene bromohydrin, propylene iodohydrin, and allyl bromide bromohydrin. Comparison with the resolution obtained on a packed column is also provided.
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  • 64
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 209-214 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, fused silica ; Capillary GC/MS ; PAH, M.W. 300-402 ; Airborne particulate matter ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Gas chromatography (GC), low-voltage mass spectrometry (LV MS), and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) have been used for detecting polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) of molecular weight between 300 and 402 in airborne particulate matter. Nearly 200 high molecular PAH separated by fused silica capillary columns could be characterized by their El mass spectra. The lack of reference substances precluded further structure elucidation.
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  • 65
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Cholesteric liquid crystal phase ; Film thickness and temperature study ; Separation of geometrical isomers ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Improved separations of the isomers of olefinic aliphatic insect pheromones were obtained on cholesteryl cinnamate glass capillary columns by operating in the supercooled temperature range of the liquid crystal. Capillary columns were prepared with varying film thickness of the stationary phase; choice of the correct film thickness ensured optimum retention for a wide range of compounds within the most effective temperature range of the liquid crystal. The deactivation procedures described made the liquid crystal columns suitable for separation of the geometric isomers of polar and nonpolar compounds.
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  • 66
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 348-350 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Use for thermolabile, nonderivatized N-methylcarbamates tested ; Faster, better separation, higher sensitivity than with HPLC methods ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 67
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 409-410 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Micro-HPLC ; Capillary columns, preparation ; Optical monitor ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 68
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 433-436 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Persilylation ; Polar phases ; Ammonia etching ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Static ammonia etching has been used to effect regular surface roughening of glass capillaries. Following such treatment, polar phases could be coated after persilylation with varioussilylation agents such as hexamethyl-, tetramethyldiphenyl-, and tetra- phenyldimethyldisilazane, respectively. This method produces columns of high thermostability, which is limited only by the maximum applicable temperature for the phase itself.
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  • 69
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 525-526 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Mass spectrometry ; Reactions of organomercurials interpreted ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 70
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 553-556 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Carbohydrate enantiomer separation ; New chiral stationary phases ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: New chiral polymers have been prepared by conversion of cyano groups of polysiloxanes XE-60 and OV-225 into carboxylic groups and subsequent coupling to give the respective S-valine-R-α-phenyl-ethyl amide. In contrast to the corresponding stationary phases with S-α-phenylethyl amide groups, which have been used for the resoultion of trifluoroacetylated hexose derivatives, the new phase show high enantioselectivity for pentose and 6-deoxyhexose derivatives.
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  • 71
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 644-646 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Wide-bore capillary columns ; On-column injector ; Prevention of sample discrimination ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 72
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 393-397 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, fused silica ; Simultaneous detection ; Splitting capillary effluent ; Detection limit of 1 ppm Archlor 1254 ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A state-of-the-art gas chromatographic system for automatic simultaneous detection of halogenated and normal hydrocarbons has been developed, which consists of a standard Hewlett-Packard 5880 with a fused silica capillary column, whose effluent is split between the standard flame ionization detector and a Tracor Hall electroconductivity detector. The system provedes excellent capillary chromatography results and high sensitivity for halogenated compounds (a detection limit of 1 ppm Archlor 1254 in fuel oil). Reliability has been provides in the daily analysis of complex environmental samples.Emergency response cleanup and the containment of hazardous chemical spills and chemical dump sites forces one to deal with samples that are very complex. The contain large numbers of naturally occurring organic compounds and varying types of organic pollutants. Capillary chromatographic techniques of gas chromatographic and gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric analyses are necessary to achieve the resolution required for the analysis of these samples.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 73
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 317-322 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Series-coupled columns with different stationary phases ; Independent temperature control of columns ; Constant mass flow and constant pressure drop ; Temperature dependence of viscosity coefficient ; Retention time expressions ; Theory ; Selectivity control ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A previously established model of a system of series-coupled columns, incorporating the effects of temperature and mobile phase compressibility, is generalized to take the temperature dependence of the mobile phase viscosity coefficient into account. Expressions are reported for the linear flow velocity, the effective partition coefficient, and the retention time for both the case of constant mass flow rate and that of constant overall pressure drop. Numerical results indicate that the temperature dependence of the viscosity coefficient affects the retention time and pressure drop while the effective mass distribution coefficient remains essentially unchanged.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 74
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 344-345 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass/fused silica ; Gas phase deactivation reaction ; Readily adjustable thickness of silicon layers for deactivation ; Wettability for any known stationary phase ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 75
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 6-10 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Retention index calculation by correlation techniques ; Use of n-dialkyl sulphides as standards ; Use of selective detectors ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Retention indices were determined for a homologous series of n-dialkyl sulphides on three stationary phases (SE-30, OV-17 and XE-60) under isothermal and linear temperature programming conditions. Under these two different GC conditions, equations were derived for each of the three stationary phases which showed the dependence of retention index on the number of carbon atoms and the boiling points for a homologous series of n-dialkyl sulphides. The equation for the correlation isothermal retention index was shown to be applicable to the identification of n-dialkyl sulphides using linear temperature programming. It was found that the GC behaviour of n-dialkyl sulphides makes these compounds suitable for use as a standard series instead of n-alkanes for the calculation of retention indices in GC analysis in which detectors insensitive to n-alkanes are employed. The use of the homologous series of n-dialkyl sulphides for the calculation of sulphide retention indices can be great practical importance in the microanalysis of natural compounds. We have used this method successfully in the analysis of pesticides containing S-atoms.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 76
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    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 4 (1981), S. 79-80 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Glass capillary columns ; Barium carbonate ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 77
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    Springer
    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 576-578 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Tortuosity factor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The relationship between the obstructive factor γ and velocity was restudied. The dependence of the obstructive factor on velocity was verified. The effects of diffusion coefficient and particle-to-column diameter ratio on the obstructive factor-velocity relationship were investigated. The results are consistent with Hawkes' hypothesis that values of γ at low velocities are averages over tightly packed and loosely packed domains while at high velocities they are weighted in favour of the loosely packed domains where there is more flow.
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  • 78
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    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 648-652 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Gas-liquid adsorption ; Bulk solution ; Mixed stationary phases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary It is shown that the blending of some retention effects can make the resolution of complex mixtures on short classical columns as effective as on capillary columns.
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  • 79
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    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 39-40 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Xylidine isomers ; Heteroaromatic liquid phases ; Gas chromatography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Nicotinic acid and 1H-benzotriazole appreciably resolved all the xylidine (dimethylaniline) isomers, while benzimidazole, nicotinamide and phthalimide can also separate all the isomers except 2,4- and 2,3-xylidines. The analyses were carried out on supports which were not treated with an alkali.
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  • 80
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    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 203-211 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Quantitative analysis ; Copper oxide converter ; Inorganic gas analysis ; Determination of fluorine and oxygen ; Hydrocarbon analysis ; Wine analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A review of past activities concerning selected industrial analytical problems is given. This includes the following question: preparation of pure gas mixtures to be used for calibration, catalytic conversion of ester and pyridin samples to carbon dioxide and a one-point calibration method using peak heights, both for quantitative analysis, analysis of gas mixtures containing fluorine and inorganic fluorine compounds and the determination of the oxygen and fluorine content of the sample, separation and identification of hydrocarbons in shale oil and petroleum fraction samples, and analysis of wine.
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  • 81
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    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 345-350 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Silica capillaries ; Glass capillaries ; Mixed gum phases ; Polarity and selectivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Mixed phases of Superox 20M and OV-1 can be coated homogeneously on the untreated wall of fused silica capillary columns. Excellent columns with regard to efficiency, inertness and thermal stability can be obtained. (CE〉95% and MAOT≥250°). The polarity and selectivity were ascertained with Rohrschneider-Reynolds probes and a capillary polarity test mixture. The analysis of an essential oil mixture illustrates the possibilities of mixed phases in practical capillary GC.
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  • 82
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    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 421-424 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Liquid sulfur ; McReynolds' constants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The McReynolds' constants for liquid sulfur as a stationary phase in gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) are presented. A simple graphical method of pattern analysis is used to indicate the uniqueness of the sulfur column as compared with other stationary liquid phases characterized by McReynolds. The limitations of using a single factor (as polarity) for the basis for the selection of GLC columns is discussed.
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  • 83
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    Chromatographia 14 (1981), S. 447-451 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Headspace analysis ; Gas chromatography ; Residual analysis of polyethylene terephthalate ; Acetylene reduction assay ; Ethylene evolution in germinating seed ; Acetaldehyde generation in polyester resin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary New application areas for headspace gas chromatography in agricultural and polymer degradation research are described. Specific examples are drawn from the various forms of headspace analysis with emphasis on the automated static equilibrium method.
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  • 84
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    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 472 (1981), S. 102-108 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Preparation, Spectroscopic and Crystal Structure Investigations of [Cl4SbO2P(CH3)2]2[Cl4SbO2P(CH3)2]2 was prepared from SbCl5 and HOP(O)(CH3)2 in CH2Cl2. The compound crystallizes in the space group P21/n with two dimeric units per unit cell; the lattice constants are a = 875, b = 1306, c = 923 pm and β 97.1°. Structural investigation by X-ray diffraction methods showed the Sb atoms in the dimeric units to be linked by O—P—O-bridges of the dimethylphosphinate groups to Sb2O4P2 eight-rings of approximate symmetry C2h. The vibrational spectrum (i.r., Raman) and the n.m.r. spectra (31P, 1H) consist with this structure.
    Notes: [Cl4SbO2P(CH3)2]2 wurde aus SbCl5 und HOP(O)(CH3)2 in CH2Cl2 dargestellt. Die Verbindung kristallisiert monoklin in der Raumgruppe P21/n mit zwei dimeren Einheiten in der Elementarzelle. Die Gitterkonstanten betragen a = 875, b = 1305, c = 923 pm und β = 97,1°. Nach der röntgenographischen Strukturbestimmung (1060 beobachtete, unabhängige Reflexe, R = 3,3%) sind die Sb-Atome der dimeren Einheiten über O—P—O-Brücken der Dimethylphosphinatgruppen zu gewellten Sb2O4P2-Achtringen der angenäherten Symmetrie C2h verknüpft. Das Schwingungsspektrum (IR, Raman) und die Kernresonanzspektren (31P, 1H) stehen mit dieser Struktur in Einklang.
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  • 85
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    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 472 (1981), S. 133-138 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis, Properties, and Crystal Structure of cis-Dichloro-bis(diethyldithiophosphinato)-titanium(IV)By reaction of TiCl4 with dialkyldithiophosphinic acids R2P(S)SH (R = CH3, C2H5) red chelates (R2PS2)2TiCl2 are obtained which are very sensitive to hydrolysis. Crystal structure analysis of the ethyl compound shows a distorted octahedral chromophor TiS4Cl2 with cis-configuration.
    Notes: Bei der Umsetzung von TiCl4 mit Dialkyldithiophosphinsäuren R2P(S)SH (R = CH3, C2H5) bilden sich sehr hydrolyseempfindliche Chelatkomplexe (R2PS2)2TiCl2. Die Röntgenstrukturanalyse der Ethylverbindung zeigt das Vorliegen eines verzerrt oktaedrischen Chromophors TiS4Cl2 mit cis-Konfiguration.
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  • 86
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    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 473 (1981), S. 178-188 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On Ruthenium perovskites of type Ba2BRuO6 and Ba3BRu2O9 with B = Indium, RhodiumThe black perovskites Ba2InRu5+O6 and Ba3InRu2O9 (mean oxydation state of ruthenium: +4.5) adopt the hexagonal BaTiO3 structure and form a continuous series of mixed crystals. According to the intensity calculations and analysis of the vibrational spectroscopic data an ordered distribution between indium and ruthenium is present: 1:1 order in Ba2InRuO6 (space group P3m1 ≙ D3d3; R′ = 5.3%); 1:2 order in Ba3InRu2O9 (space group P63/mmc ≙ D6h4; R′ = 4.6%).The corresponding black Rh compounds, Ba2RhRuO6 and Ba3RhRu2O9, crystallize in the rhombohedral 9 L type of BaRuO3.
    Notes: Die schwarzen Perowskite Ba2InRu5+O6 und Ba3InRu2O9 (mittlere Ru-Wertigkeit: +4,5) kristallisieren jeweils im hexagonalen BaTiO3-Typ und bilden eine lückenlose Mischkristallreihe. Nach Intensitätsberechnungen und Analyse der schwingungsspektroskopischen Daten liegt zwischen Indium und Ruthenium eine geordnete Verteilung vor: 1:1 Ordnung in Ba2InRuO6 (R.G. P3m1 ≙ D3d3; R′ = 5,3%); 1:2 Ordnung in Ba3InRu2O9 (R.G. P63/mmc ≙ D6h4; R′ = 4,6%).Die entsprechenden, ebenfalls schwarzen Rh-Verbindungen, Ba2RhRuO6 und Ba3RhRu2O9, kristallisieren im rhomboedrischen 9 L-Typ von BaRuO3.
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  • 87
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    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 473 (1981), S. 203-207 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Studies on systems of salts and mixed solvents. XXIV. System magnesium chloride - acetone - waterSolubilities and parageneses of the solid phase of the system MgCl2—H2O—(CH3)2CO as well as densities and kinematic viscosities of saturated equilibrium solutions are presented for temperatures of 15, 25, 35, and 50°C.Two liquid phases exist in a wide range of concentration of the solvent mixture. In comparison with the analogous methanol system the addition of acetone does not result in the formation of solid MgCl2 solvates containing acetone. Dehydration of MgCl2 · 6 H2O (bischofite) cannot be observed, either.
    Notes: Löslichkeiten und Bodenkörperparagenesen des Systems MgCl2 - H2O - (CH3)2CO sowie Dichten und kinematische Viskositäten gesättigter Gleichgewichtslösungen werden für die Temperaturen 15, 25, 35 und 50°C mitgeteilt.In einem breiten Konzentrationsbereich des Lösungsmittelgemischs existieren zwei flüssige Phasen. Im Vergleich mit dem analogen Methanolsystem führt Acetonzusatz zu keiner Bildung von festen acetonhaltigen MgCl2-Salvaten. Auch eine Dehydratation des MgCl2 · 6 H2O (Bischofit) ist nicht feststellbar.
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  • 88
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    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 474 (1981) 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 89
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    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 474 (1981), S. 7-17 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Preparation and Investigation of Difluoromethyl-substituted AminesN-Methyl- (6a), N-ethyl-bis(difluoromethyl)-amine (6b), and tris(difluoromethyl)-amine (7) were prepared by fluorination of the corresponding chloro compounds (2a, 2b, 5) with antimony(III) fluoride. The reaction of N-methyldiformamide (1a) with carbonylfluoride led under special conditions to the already unknown α,α-difluorodimethylformamide (8). 6a, 6b, and 7 were proven to be molecules with covalent carbon-fluorine bonds. By reaction of 6a with antimony(V) or boron(III) fluoride a fluoride ion could be split off from a difluoromethyl group. The vibrational spectrum of 7 was assigned and supported to a plane configuration of the NC3 skeleton and C3h molecular symmetry.
    Notes: N-Methyl- (6a) und N-Ethyl-bis(difluormethyl)amin (6b) sowie Tris-(difluormethyl)amin (7) wurden durch Fluorierung der entsprechenden Chlorverbindungen (2a, 2b, 5) mit Antimon(III)-fluorid erhalten. Die Reaktion von N-Methyldiformamid (1a) mit Carbonyl fluorid führte unter bestimmten Bedingungen zum bisher nicht bekannten α,α-Difluor-dimethyl-formamid (8). 6a, 6b und 7 erwiesen sich als Moleküle mit kovalenten Kohlenstoff-Fluor-Bindungen-Bei der Reaktion von 6a mit Antimon(V)- bzw. Bor(III)-fluorid wurde jeweils ein Fluorid-Ion von einer Difluormethylgruppe abgespalten. Die Schwingungsspektren von 7 wurden zugeordnet und ergaben eine planare Konfiguration des NC3-Gerüstes und die Molekülsymmetrie C3h.
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  • 90
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    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 472 (1981), S. 33-37 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Oxovanadates with Mixed Valence. II. Synthesis and Crystal Structure of SrV10O15For the first time SrV83+V22+O15 was prepared and investigated by X-ray single crystal data (space group D2h18 - Ccmb, a = 991.5; b = 1157.4; c = 932.4 pm, Z = 4). The structure of SrV10O15 consists of an V3+/V2+ - O2- octahedral framework with a large cavity built up from 12 VO6 octahedra. The resemblance of the V12O50 groups in respect to the polyacids is discussed.
    Notes: Erstmals wurde ein gemischtvalentes Oxovanadat der Formel SrV83+ V22+O15 dargestellt und an Einkristallen untersucht (Raumgruppe D2h18 - Ccmb, a = 991,5; b = 1157,4; c = 932,4 pm, Z = 4). Der Aufbau dieser Verbindung aus einem V3+/V2+ - O2--Oktaedergerüst mit Hohlräumen aus 12 VO6-Oktaedern und die Ähnlichkeit dieser V12O50-Baueinheit zu Polyanionenstrukturen werden diskutiert.
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  • 91
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    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 472 (1981), S. 89-94 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: A New Quaternary Oxotitanate: Ba4Ti10Al2O27Single crystal of Ba4Ti10Al2O27 were prepared by heating oxide mixtures with NaOH flux for 20 days to 1300°C. X-ray investigations show monoclinic symmetry: a = 1973.7; b = 1134.9; c = 983.7 pm; β = 109.4°; space group C2h3 - C2/m. Ti4+/Al3+ occupy statistically more or less distorted octahedra, Ba2+ has an coordination number of 11 or 12, respectively. The complex frame work of octahedra is discussed.
    Notes: Durch Langzeitreaktionen (20 Tage) bei 1300°C wurden Einkristalle von Ba4Ti10Al2O27 dargestellt. Die röntgenographische Untersuchung zeigt monokline Symmetrie: a = 1973,7; b = 1134,9; c = 983,7 pm; β = 109,4°; RG: C2h3 - 2/m. Ti4+/Al3+ sind oktaedrisch koordiniert, Ba2+ besitzt 11 bzw. 12 O2--Nachbarn wie in den Perowskitstrukturen. Das kompliziert aufgebaute Oktaedergerüst wird diskutiert.
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  • 92
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    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 472 (1981), S. 95-101 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Hydroxoplatinic Acid and its Ammonium SaltSingle crystals of platinic acid H8PtO6 and its ammonium salt have been prepared. The crystal structure of H8PtO6, monoclinic, space group C2/c - C2h6, with a = 847.0, b = 719.5, c = 745.1 pm, β 93.54° and Z = 4, contains molecules which are connected by strong hydrogen bonds with oxygen-oxygen distances of 259 to 266 pm. The ammonium salt has a rhombohedral lattice with hexagonal lattice constants of a = 705.7, c = 1182.0 pm, and Z = 3.
    Notes: Von der schwerlöslichen Hydroxoplatin(IV)-säure H8PtO6 und deren Ammoniumsalz wurden Einkristalle dargestellt. H8PtO6 kristallisiert monoklin, Raumgruppe C2/c - C2h6, a = 847,0, b = 719,5, c = 745,1 pm, β 93,54° und Z = 4. Die Kristallstruktur ist aus Molekülen aufgebaut, die durch starke Wasserstoffbrückenbindungen mit Sauerstoff-Sauerstoff-Abständen von 259 bis 266 pm verbunden sind. Das Ammoniumsalz kristallisiert rhomboedrisch mit den hexagonalen Gitterkonstanten a = 705,7 und c = 1182,0 pm und Z = 3.
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  • 93
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    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 474 (1981), S. 105-112 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reactions of Trichlorophosphazophosphorusdichloride, Cl3P=N—PCl2P2NCl5 reacts with SbF3 to give P2NCl3F2 from which P2NCl4F is obtained by chlorination. Sulfur oxidizes P2NCl5 to yield SP2NCl5, SO2 to yield SP2NCl5 and OP2NCl5. Reaction product from P2NCl5 and H2S is SPCl2(NH2) besides PCl3. P2NCl5 reacts with (n-C4H9)3P to give (n-C4H9)3P=N—PCl2. All new compounds are characterized by their n.m.r. spectra and their chemical behaviour.
    Notes: P2NCl5 reagiert mit SbF3 zu P2NCl3F2, aus dem mit Chlor P2NCl4F erhalten wird. Schwefel oxidiert P2NCl5 zu SP2NCl5, SO2 zu SP2NCl5 und OP2NCl5. Reaktionsprodukt aus P2NCl5 und H2S ist SPCl2(NH2) neben PCl3. Mit (n-C4H9)3P reagiert P2NCl5 zu (n-C4H9)3P=N—PCl2. Alle neuen Verbindungen sind durch ihre NMR-Spektren und ihr chemisches Verhalten charakterisiert.
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  • 94
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On Polygermanes. VI. 1,4-Diiodooctaphenyltetragermane I-(Ph2Ge-)4I, Crystal Structure and Vibrational SpectraThe crystal structure of the title compound has been determined and refined to a R of 0.060. The arrangement of the heavy atoms in the six membered chain I-Ge4-I is all trans with a fully staggered conformation of the substituents. The torsion of the phenyl rings results in a molecular propeller with eight wings (symmetry Ci). Distances: Ge - Ge 245.1 (1) and 245.9 (2), Ge - I 255.9 (1) pm. The packing of the I-(Ph2Ge-)4I molecules resembles a tetragonal body centred sphere packing with coordination number (10+4).Domains for the 12 normal vibrations of the chain I-Ge4-I are given.
    Notes: Die Kristallstruktur der Titelverbindung wurde bestimmt und bis R = 0,060 verfeinert. Die 6gliedrige Schweratomkette I-Ge4-I ist all-trans angeordnet mit durchgehen d gestaffelter Konformation der Substituenten. Die Verdrillung der Phenylringe ergibt ein achtblättriges Propellermolekül (Ci-Symmetrie). Abstände: Ge - Ge 245,1 (1) und 245,9 (2), Ge - I 255,9(1) pm. Die I-(Ph2Ge-)4I-Molekeln packen nach Art einer tetragonal-innenzentrierten Kugelpackung mit (10+4)-Koordination.Bereiche für die 12 Normalschwingungen der I-Ge4-I-Kette werden angegeben.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 95
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 472 (1981), S. 139-148 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On Thorium Silicide and Germanide ChalcogenidesThe compounds ThSiS, ThSiSe, ThSiTe, ThGeS, ThGeSe, and ThGeTe were synthetized from the elements at temperatures ranging from 800 to 1050°C. For structural X-ray investigation single crystals of the compound ThGeS were grown. ThGeS is tetragonal, space group I4/mmm with a = 3.9411(7), c = 17.1395(40) Å, and Z = 4. In order to refine the structure parameters intensity measurements were carried out by means of a four-circle single crystal diffractometer. By indexing the Debye-Scherrer diagrams the remaining ternary thorium chalcogenides were proved to be isostructural with ThGeS. This structure type is identical with the anti-Ti2Bi-type structure and closely related to the PbFCl structure in the sense of a transposition structure. The interatomic distances, the relations to comparable structures and possible reasons for the formation of the anti-Ti2Bi-type structure by ternary chalcogenides of the actinides are discussed.
    Notes: Die Verbindungen ThSiS, ThSiSe, ThSiTe, ThGeS, ThGeSe und ThGeTe wurden durch Synthese aus den Elementen bei Temperaturen zwischen 800 und 1050°C dargestellt. Für die röntgenographische Strukturuntersuchung konnten Einkristalle der Verbindung ThGeS gezüchtet werden. ThGeS kristallisiert tetragonal in der Raumgruppe I4/mmm mit a = 3,9411(7) und c = 17,1395(40) Å und Z = 4. Zwecks Verfeinerung der Strukturparameter wurden Intensitätsmessungen auf einem Vierkreis-Einkristalldiffraktometer durchgeführt. Durch Indizierung der Debye-Scherrer-Diagramme konnte die Isotypie der übrigen neu synthetisierten ternären Thoriumphasen nachgewiesen werden. Der vorliegende Strukturtyp ist identisch mit dem anti-Ti2Bi-Typ und weist eine enge Verwandtschaft mit dem PbFCl-Typ im Sinne einer Stapelvariante auf. Die interatomaren Abstände, die Beziehungen zu verwandten Strukturen und mögliche Gründe für das Auftreten des anti-Ti2Bi-Typs bei ternären Chalkogeniden der Aktiniden werden diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
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  • 96
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 472 (1981), S. 193-199 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Raman Spectra of the Rare Earth OrthovanadateThe laser-Raman spectra of the tetragonal rare earth orthovanadates of the type LnVO4 (Ln = Pr to Lu) as well as those of ScVO4 and YVO4 has been recorded and interpreted with the aid of both, the site symmetry and the factor group analysis, using also IR data reported previously. The influence of the cations on the internal vibrations of the anion are discussed in detail.
    Notes: Die Laser-Raman-Spektren der tetragonalen Orthovanadate der Seltenen Erden des Typs LnVO4 (Ln = Pr bis Lu) sowie diejenigen von ScVO4 und YVO4 wurden aufgenommen und an Hand einer „Site-Symmetrie“-bzw. Faktorgruppenanalyse gedeutet. Auch Daten früher durchgeführter IR-Messungen wurden herangezogen. Der Einfluß der Kationen auf die inneren Anionenschwingungen wurde eingehend diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 472 (1981), S. 205-212 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Reaction of Aluminium with Heavy Metal Chlorides in Molten SaltsThe conversion of aluminium in an equimolar AlCl3 - NaCl melt with heavy chlorides (PbCl2, CdCl2, CuCl2) to AlCl3 is effected in the temperature range of 620 - 780 K according to the time-concentration course as a reaction of first order. From the temperature dependence the apparent activation energies have been calculated. They are in the order of magnitude of the activation energies for the diffusion of the corresponding metal ions in molten salts.
    Notes: Die Umsetzung von Aluminium in einer äquimolaren AlCl3 - NaCl-Schmelze mit Schwermetallchloriden (PbCl2, CdCl2, CuCl2) zu AlCl3 erfolgt im Temperaturbereich von 620 bis 780 K entsprechend dem Zeit-Konzentrationsverlauf nach einem Zeitgesetz 1. Ordnung. Aus der Temperaturabhängigkeit werden scheinbare Aktivierungsenergien berechnet, die in der Größen-ordnung der Aktivierungsenergien für die Diffusion entsprechender Schwermetallionen in geschmolzenen Salzen liegen.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 472 (1981), S. 220-232 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: EPR Studies of Caminau Kaolin, its Heating Products, and of the Chlorination Products of MetakaolinEPR-spectra of kaolin, metakaolin and of the heating and chlorination products of metakaolin have been measured and partially interpreted. Fe3+ ions are found in kaolin in at least five different coordination conditions. Coordination changes of Fe3+ ions by heating kaolin and tempering metakaolin are reflected sensitively in the EPR spectra. Correlations between EPR spectra of the solid not fluidable chlorination residues and chlorination conditions have been found.
    Notes: Es wurden die EPR-Spektren von Kaolin, Metakaolin sowie von dessen Temper- und Chlorierungsprodukten aufgenommen und z. T. interpretiert. Im Kaolin befinden sich Fe3+-Ionen in mindestens fünf verschiedenen Koordinationszuständen. Die beim Erwärmen des Kaolins, bei dessen Calcinierung sowie beim Tempern des Metakaolins eintretenden Veränderungen werden in den EPR-Spektren empfindlich widersgepiegelt. Zwischen den EPR-Spektren der festen Chlorierungsrückstände und den Chlorierungsbedingungen wurden Zusammenhänge gefunden.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 473 (1981), S. 35-41 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Structures in the system SnF2—BF3By means of acetonitrile as a solvent four phases SnnF2n-1BF4 can be prepared.
    Notes: In Acetonitril als Lösungsmittel können aus SnF2 und BF3Me2O vier Phasen SnnF2n-1BF4 gewonnen werden.Sn2F3BF4 kristallisiert monoklin in der Raumgruppe P21/c (Z = 4) mit den Gitterkonstanten a = 5,395(5), b = 8,978(16), c = 14,894(11) å, β = 111,31(7)° und bildet polykationische Bänder der Zusammensetzung Sn2F3+ mit zwischengelagerten BF4--Ionen. Sn3F5BF4 kristallisiert ebenfalls in der Raumgruppe P21/c (Z = 4) mit den Gitterkonstanten a = 10,772(4), b = 7,638(4), c = 10,328(3) å, β = 98,29(4)°. Hier sind Sn6F10-Ringe zu Schichten verknüpft, zwischen denen die BF4-Ionen liegen.The crystal structure of Sn2F3BF4 has been determined as monoclinic, P21/c, Z = 4; a = 5.395(5), b = 8.978(16), c = 14.894(11) å, β = 111.31(7)°. The structure forms chains from Sn2F3+, BF4- ions are embedded. The crystal structure of Sn3F5BF4 is monoclinic, too. The space group is P21/c, Z = 4; a = 10.772(4), b = 7.638(4), c = 10.328(3) å, β = 98.29)4)°. Here the structure forms layers from connected Sn6F10 rings.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 473 (1981), S. 51-58 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: N,N-dimethylamido trithiophosphorus acid anhydrideThe reaction between tetraphosphorustrisulfide and bis(dimethylamino)sulfane yields the title compound, which is obtained as four- (I) and six-membered (II) ring molecules. The result of an X-ray analysis of a crystal of I is reported and discussed. Reactions of the title compound with ammonia, dimethylamine, bis(dimethylamino)sulfane, and tris-n-butylphosphane are described.
    Notes: Bei der Reaktion zwischen Tetraphosphortrisulfid und Bis(dimethylamino)-sulfan entsteht die Titelverbindung, die in Form vier- (I) und sechsgliedriger (II) ringförmiger Moleküle anfällt. Das Ergebnis der Röntgenstrukturanalyse eines Kristalls von I wird mitgeteilt und diskutiert. Die Reaktionen der Titelverbindung mit Ammoniak, Dimethylamin, Bis(dimethylamino)-sulfan und Tris-n-butylphosphan sind beschrieben.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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