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  • Digitale Medien  (125)
  • 1990-1994
  • 1980-1984  (125)
  • 1982  (125)
  • Rat  (125)
  • Nuclear reactions
Materialart
  • Digitale Medien  (125)
Erscheinungszeitraum
  • 1990-1994
  • 1980-1984  (125)
Jahr
  • 101
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 222 (1982), S. 629-634 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Calcitonin cells ; Anomaly ; Thymus ; Rat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary In a study of the effect of pinealectomy on thyroid C-cell number, 8 animals out of 66 were found to have thymic tissue in close association with the thyroid. Cells containing immunoreactive calcitonin were found in all of the thyroids but in only one of the 8 pieces of thymus. These cells found in a piece of thymic tissue associated with the right thyroid lobe were located immediately under the capsule and did not form or associate with follicles. Unlike the other animals the rat with thymic calcitonin cells had an unequal distribution of C-cells between the left and right thyroid lobes, but the total number of thyroidal C-cells was the same as that of the other rats. Since the thymus proper was not examined in these 66 animals, ten additional rats were taken for such a study. Thyroid-associated thymic tissue was found in three of these, but none of these thymi showed any immunoreactive cells.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 102
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 223 (1982), S. 695-698 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Pineal gland ; Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) ; Immunocytochemistry ; Rat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Immunoreactive luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH)-like material has been demonstrated in the pineal gland of the adult rat. The objective of the present study was to examine the ontogenetic development of this LHRH-like substance in the rat pineal with the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) method of Sternberger. LHRH-like immunoreactive material was not observed in pineal glands of newborn rats. The amount of material increased progressively from the 6th–12th day of postnatal development. On day 12, the amount of LHRH-like immunoreactivity was consistent and comparable in all pineal glands of male and female animals examined.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 103
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 224 (1982), S. 25-31 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Spleen ; Ig-containing cells ; Immunocytochemistry ; Germinal center ; Rat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The morphology and localisation of IgM- and IgG-containing cells in the spleen of rats immunized with sheep red-blood cells (SRBC) were studied by combining immunohistochemical reactions with routine histological and histochemical methods. It was shown that IgM cells occur only in the outer periarteriolar lymphocyte sheath (PALS), whereas IgG cells are present throughout the whole PALS. It has been concluded that these cell types have different routes of migration. Both IgM- and IgG-containing cells were found in the germinal center in close relation with the extracellular immune complexes. The significance of this localisation is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 104
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 224 (1982), S. 195-206 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Pinealocytes ; Nucleolus ; Rat ; Ultrastructure ; Twenty-four-hour changes
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary An ultrastructural and morphometric analysis was made of the nucleolar components in pinealocytes of 40 male Fischer rats sampled at eight times in an LD 12∶12 photoperiod cycle. Comparisons of results from the eight times showed variation in estimated mean volume of the granular component of ±29%, and of the fibrillar component ±11%, in relation to daily means. Peaks in mean volume of total nucleolus and its granular component occurred at 1 h of light. Near maximal and minimal mean volumes of the fibrillar component both occurred during both light and dark. Fibrillar centers (nucleolar organizer regions) of different sizes were found at all sampling times. It is concluded that temporal patterns in 24-h changes in the nucleolar components are most prominent in the granular component, and are more complex than suggested by changes in total nucleolar size or mean dimensions, and than represented by a simple biphasic circadian rhythm. Examples of different stages in the migration of the granular component, and of possible sites of nucleo-cytoplasmic transfer of nucleolar material, are described.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 105
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 224 (1982), S. 647-653 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): hCG binding sites ; Endocytosis ; Ovary ; Ultrastructural immunocytochemistry ; Rat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Localization of hCG binding sites and the process of endocytosis in pseudopregnant rat ovaries were investigated by indirect electron-microscopic immunocytochemistry. Immature female rats were treated with pregnant-mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) to induce ovarian luteinization. Eight days after priming with PMSG-hCG and 1–6 h before sacrifice the animals were given another injection of hCG to bind the receptors. Receptor sites to hCG localized by reaction product were present in most luteal cells, but not in primary follicular cells. The receptor sites were distributed on luteal cell surfaces facing interstitial spaces. Endocytotic pits containing hCG binding sites were rarely seen 1 h after hCG injection. At 2 h, hCG and presumably its receptor were taken up within endocytotic vesicles with the evidence of reaction product coated on the vesicle wall. With time, fusion of endocytotic vesicles with lysosome occurred and the reaction product appeared in phagolysosomes. The reaction product was localized on phagolysosomal inner surface or in free granular form. These findings suggest that hCG and its receptors were internalized through endocytotic pits and endocytotic vesicles and delivered to lysosomes probably for degradation. An additional experiment for localization of acid phosphatase was also performed to delineate the lysosomes and phagolysosomes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 106
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 225 (1982), S. 229-234 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Preovulatory follicle ; Cell division ; Age ; Rat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The pattern of follicular development during the estrous cycles of aged rats was examined and compared with that of mature rats. In both, preovulatory follicles are derived from a select group of small pre-Graafian follicles which begin to develop at estrus and reach the preovulatory size by the morning of proestrus, but the rate of growth, as judged by an increase in the percentage of granulosa cells incorporating 3H-thymidine, is accelerated in the follicles of aged rats. A second mechanism, which accounts for preovulatory follicles in aged rats, involves the rescue from atresia of pre-Graafian and preovulatory follicles. The existence of this mechanism is supported by the observation that at metestrus in aged rats virtually all follicles, regardless of their state of atresia, possess a high percentage of granulosa cells incorporating 3H-thymidine, indicating that the follicles are growing rapidly. However, some of these rapidly growing follicles show signs of atresia such as pyknotic nuclei within their granulosa cell layers. Since follicles in the initial stage of atresia contain defective oocytes (Peluso et al. 1979b), their rescue and development into preovulatory follicles would result in the ovulation of defective oocytes, a fact which accounts in part of the lower fertility in these older animals.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 107
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 225 (1982), S. 427-436 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Rat ; Cold adaptation ; Skeletal muscle ; Mitochondria ; Fat ; Morphometry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Growing rats (4 weeks old) were kept for 3 weeks at 11° C and 24° C respectively. The cold-adapted animals showed a significantly higher oxygen consumption (64%). Volume density of subsarcolemmal and interfibrillar mitochondria as well as volume density of fat droplets were estimated in M. soleus and the diaphragm of both groups. In cold-adapted animals, the total volume of mitochondria was significantly increased by 24% in diaphragm and 37% in M. soleus. The volume of subsarcolemmal mitochondria was almost doubled in each muscle, but the volume of interfibrillar mitochondria did not change significantly. The surface of the inner mitochondrial membranes per unit volume of mitochondrion in M. soleus was significantly increased both in interfibrillar and subsarcolemmal mitochondria, whereas the surface of the outer mitochondrial membranes per unit volume of mitochondrion was increased only in the subsarcolemmal mitochondria. The volume of fat droplets in the diaphragm and M. soleus of cold adapted animals increased significantly by 62% and 150% respectively.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 108
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 225 (1982), S. 469-485 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Microglial cells ; Postnatal development ; Enzyme histochemistry ; NDPase, TPPase ; Rat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The postnatal development of microglial cells was investigated in the neonatal rat brain by use of light- and electron microscopy, including enzyme-histochemical techniques. Microglial cells were selectively stained by demonstration of their nucleoside diphosphatase (NDPase) activity and classified into three types: 1) In the early postnatal period, “primitive microglial cells” showing scantily ramified processes were found in the cerebral cortex, the hippocampal formation, and the hypothalamus. During the course of the first postnatal week the processes of this cell type developed gradually and the cells were transformed into typical ramified microglial cells, called “resting microglial cells”. 2) “Amoeboid microglial cells” showing typical features of macrophages were characteristic of the cerebral white matter. 3) “Round microglial cells” possessing a round soma and few pseudopodia but no characteristic processes occurred in large numbers in the sub ventricular zone of the lateral ventricle and as single elements in the vicinity of blood vessels. Histochemically, thiamine pyrophosphatase (TPPase) was demonstrated only in the fully developed, ramified microglial cells (“resting microglial cells”), which could be readily observed in the central nervous tissue from the age of 14 day. “Round and amoeboid microglial cells” did not show TPPase activity and disappeared after 14 days of postnatal life. By use of electron microscopy, in neonatal rats NDPase activity was apparent in the plasma membrane of the three types of microglial cells (“primitive, round, and amoeboid” types). They showed basically similar submicroscopic characteristics, i.e., well-developed Golgi apparatus, long strands of roughsurfaced endoplasmic reticulum, single dense bodies and vacuoles, and numerous ribosomes. “Amoeboid microglial cells” were characterized by their well-developed cytoplasmic vacuoles and phagocytic inclusion bodies. The present study strongly suggests a mesodermal origin for these microglial elements.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 109
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 221 (1982), S. 493-504 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Luteinizing hormone ; releasing hormone ; Immunocytochemistry ; Distribution ; Forebrain ; Rat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The distribution of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH)-immunoreactive perikarya and processes was examined, in the untreated rat, with the unlabeled antibody enzyme method of immunocytochemistry on thick 50 μm vibratome sections. LHRH neurons were primarily observed in the preoptico-anterior hypothalamic and septal areas. Projections from these cell bodies to the median eminence form three distinct pathways, one laterally along the course of the optic tracts, one medially through the periventricular stratum of the third ventricle, and one through the tractus infundibularis. In addition, some of these cell bodies project to the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT) and the subfornical organ (SFO). LHRH immunoreactive neurons were also noted in the anterior olfactory regions; they project along the medial olfactory tract to the olfactory bulb.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 110
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Cholecystokinin ; Spinal cord ; Immunocytochemistry ; Rat ; Neuropeptides
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Cholecystokinin-like immunoreactivity has been demonstrated by radioimmunoassay and immunocytochemistry in the spinal cord of various mammals, in particular in nerve fibers of the superficial layers of the posterior column, but had not been detected in neuronal cell bodies. We report immunohistochemical evidence for the presence of a group of cholecystokinincontaining neuronal cell bodies in the lumbar spinal cord of the rat. This group of cells is only visualized after direct injection of colchicine into the spinal cord and is located near the central canal in the intermedio-medial nucleus of area X of Rexed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 111
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 223 (1982), S. 493-506 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Microglial cells ; TPPase ; NDPase ; Synapse ; Rat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Electron-microscopic survey of selectively stained microglial cells in the cerebral cortex of the rat reveals that the processes of this cell type often encircle axo-dendritic synapses. Enzyme-histochemical methods for thiamine pyrophosphatase (TPPase) or nucleoside diphosphatase (NDPase) were used for the selective marking of the microglial cells; TPPase and NDPase activities were observed in the plasma membrane of microglial cells. The synapses encircled by microglial processes displayed presynaptic structures containing round clear vesicles (50 nm in diameter) and a prominent thickening of the postsynaptic membrane. In vitro, the above-mentioned enzymatic activities were completely suppressed by neuroactive agents such as catecholamines and phenothiazine derivatives. Examination using enzyme-histochemical techniques suggests that a single enzyme may be responsible for both above-mentioned enzymatic reactions. The functional significance of microglial cells in the normal central nervous tissue is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 112
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 224 (1982), S. 247-267 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Serotonin ; Brainstem ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rat ; Cat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The morphological characteristics and distribution of the somata of serotonin-containing neurons in the brainstem of rats and cats were studied by use of the peroxidase-anti peroxidase (PAP) immunohistochemical method employing highly specific antibodies to serotonin. Antibodies were raised in rabbits against an antigen prepared by coupling serotonin to bovine thyroglobulin and using formaldehyde as the coupling reagent. The distribution pattern of serotonin neurons observed in the present material is essentially in agreement with that described by other investigators who used the Falck-Hillarp method. In addition, this immunohistochemical technique revealed serotonin-containing perikarya in the following regions: 1) the periaqueductal gray, especially lateral to the nucleus raphe dorsalis, 2) the nucleus interpeduncularis, 3) the nucleus parabrachialis ventralis and dorsalis, 4) the field of the lemniscus lateralis, and 5) the reticular formation of the pons and medulla oblongata. The described immunohistochemical procedure makes it possible to study central serotonin neurons in detail without pharmacological pretreatment. The wide distribution of serotonin neurons demonstrated in this study should be considered when interpreting experiments dealing with the serotonin system.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 113
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 224 (1982), S. 303-314 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): ACTH/β-endorphin neurons ; Synapse ; Hypothalamus ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary In the preinfundibular portion of male rat hypothalamus, the arcuate-median eminence region was examined after staining with anti-porcine ACTH 1-39 serum. In several cases, anti-β-endorphin serum was also employed. Both sera stain the same cell bodies. The cell bodies of the immunoreactive neurons are scattered in the subependymal layer, arcuate nucleus and lateral tuberal region. Fibers originating from these cell bodies are distributed extensively throughout these regions. They make synaptic contacts on immunonegative fibers in the arcuate nuclei, or terminate directly in the perivascular space in the internal layer of the median eminence. The fibers, however, are very scarce in the external layer of the median eminence, and do not directly terminate on the neurovascular contact surface. These findings suggest that the ACTH/β-endorphin neuronal system may serve neuronally and humorally as an intrahypothalamic constituent of the hypothalamic pituitary regulation system.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 114
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 224 (1982), S. 455-458 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Intravagal paraganglia ; Paraganglion supracardiale vagi ; Recurrent nerve ; Vagus nerve ; Rat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary In the Ham-Wistar rat, a paraganglion was found within the vagus nerve at the site of branching of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Due to its location the name “paraganglion supracardiale vagi” is suggested. Fluorescence microscopy of the paraganglionic cells displays an intense yellow-green fluorescence indicating the presence of biogenic amines. Ultrastructurally, chief cells containing dense-core vesicles form three kinds of synaptic contacts (afferent, efferent and reciprocal) with enlarged, mitochondria-rich nerve endings.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 115
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Monoadrenalectomy ; Compensatory adrenal growth ; Zona fasciculata ; Rat ; Stereology
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The ultrastructural changes associated with the compensatory hypertrophy of the zona fasciculata cells on monoadrenalectomized rats were investigated by stereological techniques. It was found that these subcellular changes display a different pattern from those underlying the ACTH-induced adrenocortical cell growth in the intact rats. This result supports the view that compensatory adrenal hypertrophy does not involve activation of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal-adrenal axis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 116
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Pudendal nerve ; Sensory neurones ; Spinal ganglion ; Transganglionic labelling (HRP) ; Rat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The morphology and distribution of the sensory neurones of the pudendal nerve within the spinal ganglia of rats were investigated by use of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The labelling was visualized in diaminobenzidine (DAB) or tetramethyl-benzidine (TMB)-stained sections. Injection of HRP directly into the pudendal nerve labelled perikarya predominantly in the sixth lumbar DRG (L6). Following injection of HRP into the scrotal skin, however, additional cells were labelled in L5 and SI. Labelling was invariably unilateral. Approximately equal numbers of small (〈30 μm) and large neurones (〉40 μm) were labelled following subcutaneous injections although injections into the nerve marked twice as many small cells as large cells. This suggests that, in the rat, most of the small-diameter fibres within the pudendal nerve ascend through L6. Although a cluster of neurones was observed in one experiment, the remaining 25 experiments did not reveal any somatotopic arrangement since the labelled perikarya were distributed evenly throughout the ganglion. Similar numbers of retrogradely labelled neurones (somatopetal transport of the tracer) were observed in both DAB- and TMB-stained sections, although TMB allowed the demonstration of anterograde (somatofugal) HRP transport by terminal labelling in the superficial laminae of the lumbar spinal cord, extending into laminae II–IV.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 117
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 226 (1982), S. 37-49 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Carotid body ; Glomus cells ; Endocytosis ; Cationized ferritin ; Rat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Glomus cells from carotid bodies of adult rats dissociated by means of collagenase or collagenase + trypsin were used to study by electron microscopy the endocytotic uptake of cationized ferritin (CF) tracer into subcellular compartments. The glomus cells were incubated with the tracer (1) in a basic salt medium (BM), or (2) in the BM into which calcium ionophore A23187 had been added, or (3) in a potassium-rich medium. Incubation of the cells in BM containing CF for 30 min resulted in attachment of the tracer to the cell membrane and uptake of a few solitary tracer particles into small vesicles and multivesicular bodies. No uptake into the cisternae of the Golgi apparatus was observed. Further incubation in BM containing CF for another 30 min resulted in increased uptake of the tracer into small vesicles and multivesicular bodies. A similar pattern of uptake was observed when the dissociated glomus cells were first preincubated in BM with CF for 30 min and then incubated for 1 min or 30 min in the BM solution containing both the ionophore and CF. Upon such incubation, CF particles were seen to penetrate into coated pits and sites of exocytosis at the cell surface. When the 30-min preincubation in BM was followed by incubation in a CF-containing potassium-rich medium for 15–30 min, uptake into vesicles, small lysosomes and occasionally also into profiles of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum was seen. Endocytotic mechanisms of the glomus cells are outlined.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 118
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 227 (1982), S. 93-112 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Neurophysins ; Immunocytochemistry ; Age-dependent changes ; Hypophysectomy ; Rat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The hypothalamo-extrahypophyseal neurophysin pathways (HEH) and the three hypothalamic nuclei secreting neurophysins, the supraoptic (SON), paraventricular (PVN) and suprachiasmatic (SCN) nuclei, of normal and hypophysectomized rats were studied by application of the immunoperoxidase procedure. Eight well-defined HEH pathways were recognized. Their main sites of projection were: lateral septum and subfornical organ (1 and 2); tractus diagonalis (3); medial nucleus of the amygdala and lateral ventricle (4); nucleus periventricularis thalami, nucleus habenulae lateralis and periaqueductal gray (5); periaqueductal gray, pineal organ, collicular recess and subependymal region of the fourth ventricle (6); dorsomedial nucleus and premammillary area (7); perimammillary region, corpus trapezoideum, ventral surface of medulla oblongata, nucleus tractus solitarii, nucleus commissuralis, substantia gelatinosa and formatio reticularis lateralis of the medulla oblongata and spinal cord (8). Neurophysin fibers of unknown origin were found in the frontal cerebral cortex. It was noted that in pathway 5 the amount of immunostainable material undergoes changes with age. The three neurophysin-secreting nuclei reacted differently following hypophysectomy. Among the HEH pathways the only one that seemed to be affected by hypophysectomy was that innervating the lateral septum. It is suggested that the neurons that survive hypophysectomy either do not project to the neural lobe or, alternatively, display axon collaterals projecting outside the neural lobe. Such a neuronal population could be the origin of the HEH pathways.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 119
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 358 (1982), S. 582-583 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Schlagwort(e): Rat ; Organ transplantation ; Technique ; Ratte ; Organtransplantation ; Technik
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Über 3000 Transplantationen wurden unter Verwendung der renalen Gefäße für Herz, Nieren, Leber und Pankreastransplantationen durchgeführt: Empfänger Herz Niere Leber Pankreas a. coeliaca carotis comm. a. renalis a. coeliaca a. coeliaca v. renalisa. pulmonalis v. renalis vena cava vena portae ureter - ureter duct chol. duct chol. Die Verwendung der renalen Gefäße erwies sich als geeignete Methode mit niedriger Empfängermortalität, sie ermöglicht „End zu End”-Anastomosen, die sicherer sind als „End-zu-Seit”.
    Notizen: Summary More than 3000 transplants were performed using the renal vessel for heart, kidney, liver, and pancreas: Recipient Heart Kidney Liver Pancreas Renal artery Common carotis Renal artery Coeliac artery Coeliac artery Renal vein Pulmonal artery Renal vein I.V.C. Portal vein Ureter - Ureter Bile duct Bile duct The use of the renal vessels provides a convenient and accessible site with low recipient mortality for simple end-to-end anastomoses, which are safer then end to side.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 120
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 356 (1982), S. 159-166 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Schlagwort(e): Bile acid ; Reflux ; Stomach surgery ; Rat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Am standardisierten Tiermodell an der Ratte wurde die Höhe des duodenogastrischen Refluxes acht Monate nach SPV mit und ohne Pyloroplastik untersucht. Zur Bestimmung des Refluxes diente die enzymatische Messung der Gallensäurenkonzentration im intraoperativ entnommenen Mageninhalt. Als Vergleichsgruppen dienten Laparotomie, alleinige Pyloroplastik und als obligates Refluxmodell die Resektion nach BII ohne Enteroanastomose. Die Höhe des duodenogastrischen Refluxes war nach SPV mit und ohne Pyloroplastik signifikant niedriger als in der Kontrollgruppe. Tiere mit alleiniger Pyloroplastik zeigten einen signifikant erhöhten Reflux. Die BIIGruppe hatte einen fünffach höheren Wert als die Kontrollgruppe. Aufgrund der Pyloroplastik als Drainageoperation kommt es am Rattenmagen nach SPV nicht zur Retention von Speiseresten, die man nach SPV ohne Pyloroplastik beobachtet. Aber wegen der verzögerten Magenmotilität legt sich eingedickter Speisebrei vor den Magenausgang und reduziert so den duodenogastrischen Reflux. Nach unseren Ergebnissen kann ein vermehrter duodenogastrischer Reflux nach SPV mit und ohne Pyloroplastik keine morphologischen Veränderungen der Magenmucosa verursachen.
    Notizen: Summary Using rats in a standardized animal experiment, the extent of duodenogastric reflux was studied eight months postoperatively following SPV with and without pyloroplasty. The reflux was determined by enzymatically testing the concentration of bile acid secretion withdrawn from the stomach intraoperatively. Serving as comparison were laparotomies, simple pyloroplasties, and the obligatory reflux models: resection after Bll without enteroanastomosis. After SPV with and without pyloroplasty, the extent of duodenogastric reflux was less than in the control group. Specimens with simple pyloroplasty displayed a significantly greater reflux. The Bll group had a fivefold higher reflux than the control group. Since pyloroplasty can be considered a drainage operation, there is no retention of food particles in the stomach of the rat following SPV - an occurrence expected after SPV without pyloroplasty. However, due to the retarded stomach motility, the thickened chyme tends to linger at the opening of the stomach, thus reducing the duodenogastric reflux. According to our investigations, an increased duodenogastric reflux following SPV with or without pyloroplasty does not induce changes in the mucosa of the stomach.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 121
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 357 (1982), S. 105-116 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Schlagwort(e): Vagotomy ; Gastric cancer ; Bacteria ; Nitrite ; N-Nitroso compounds ; Rat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Der Einfluß einer trunculären Vagotomie in Kombination mit verschiedenen Drainageoperationen (Pyloroplastik, Gastroenterostomie ohne Enteroanastomose, Y-Roux-Gastroenterostomie) wurde im Hinblick auf eine Carcinomgefährdung des vagotomierten Magens tierexperimentell an männlichen Wistarratten untersucht. Es wurde überprüft, inwieweit hiernach im Vergleich zu einer nicht-vagotomierten Kontrollgruppe Schleimhautveränderungen auftreten, die unter Exposition mit dem Carcinogen MNNG zeitlich früher und häufiger zur Carcinomentstehung prädisponieren. Als mögliche wichtige cocarcinogene Faktoren wurden zusätzlich die intragastrale Bakterienflora und Nitrit-Konzentration der einzelnen Versuchsgruppen untereinander verglichen. Es zeigte sich, daß der Schweregrad gefundener Magenschleimhautveränderungen, sowie das Ausmaß der bakteriellen Besiedlung und die Nitrit-Konzentration im Magensaft neben der durch Vagotomie angestrebten Säurereduktion vor allem durch Störung der Magenmotilität oder einen enterogastrischen Reflux verstärkt wird. Die Ergebnisse der Untersuchungen sprechen dafür, daß nach Vagotomie, soweit eine ausreichende Magenentleerung gesichert und diese nicht durch einen enterogastrischen Reflux (Gastroenterostomie) erkauft wird, das Risiko für ein Operationsfolgecarcinom gering anzusehen ist.
    Notizen: Summary To assess the possible risk of cancer in the operated stomach, the influence of truncal vagotomy combined with different operative drainage procedures (pyloroplasty, gastro-enterostomy without entero-anastomosis, Roux-en-Y gastro-enterostomy) was studied in animal experiments. The aim of the study was to determine whether, compared to controls an earlier and higher incidence of precancerous epithelial lesions or cancers in the stomach occurs in vagotomized animals after oral administration of carcinogens (MNNG). To consider conditions, that may predispose to in vivo formation of carcinogenicN-nitroso compounds, bacterial flora and intragastric nitrite concentration were measured and compared in the various operative groups. The severity of induced epithelial lesions and the quantity of bacterial growth and nitrite concentration in the gastric juice were influenced, apart from the reduction of acid output after vagotomy, mainly by prolonged gastric stasis or the degree of enterogastric reflux. The results suggest that there is probably no increased risk of cancer following vagotomy, if sufficient gastric clearance is guaranted and enterogastric reflux is largely excluded.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 122
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 222 (1982), S. 691-693 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Jugular vein ; Histochemistry ; Adrenergic innervation ; Cholinergic innervation ; Rat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The autonomic innervation of rat jugular vein was studied using glyoxylic acid fluorescence and acetylcholinesterase histochemical methods. The rat jugular vein is provided with both adrenergic and cholinergic nerve fibers organized in plexuses located at the adventitial-medial border. The existence of these nerve plexuses does not seem to support biochemical findings that suggest a lack of innervation in the rat jugular vein and which propose this blood vessel as a model for the analysis of drug-smooth muscle cell interaction without the interference of neuronal uptake mechanisms.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 123
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Uterus ; Epithelial cells ; Tight junctions ; Pregnancy ; Rat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The ultrastructure of tight junctions between uterine luminal epithelial cells of the pregnant rat was studied by the freeze-fracture technique. On day 5 of pregnancy, the day of implantation, the region of tight junctions extended three times as far down the lateral cell membrane as on day 1 of pregnancy, and the strands of the complex interlinked more frequently. These observations suggest that tight junctions on day 5 may be more efficient in preserving the contents of the uterine lumen from dilution or escape than at earlier times of pregnancy.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 124
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 223 (1982), S. 603-614 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Kidney ; Medullary collecting duct ; Rat ; Rabbit ; Tight junctions ; Freeze ; fracture electron microscopy ; Urinary concentration
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The tight junctions along the medullary collecting duct in the kidneys of the rat and the rabbit were studied with freeze-fracture electron microscopy and quantitated according to the number of strands and the apico-basal depth (nm) of the junctions. The most elaborate tight junctions were found in the inner stripe of the outer medulla; rat: 10.6±0.8 strands and 205±24nm; rabbit: 11.6±2.4 strands and 291±55 nm. The elaboration of the tight junctions decreased continuously towards the papillary tip. Inner zone I; rat: 9.3±2.6 strands and 186±38nm, rabbit: 9.5±2.3 strands and 247±59nm. Inner zone II; rat: 7.1±2.2 strands and 129±32nm, rabbit: 8.5±1.4 strands and 199±26nm. Inner zone III; rat: 6.0±1.6 strands and 111 + 19 nm, rabbit: 7.0±1.5 strands and 183±43 nm. In the inner zone III comprising the papillary tip tight junctions with only 1–3 strands were not infrequently seen. Preliminary findings in the kidney of the golden hamster indicate a similar decline of junctional tightness along the collecting duct. These morphological observations suggest that the permeability of the paracellular pathway of the medullary collecting duct increases towards the tip of the papilla, especially in the rat. The functional implications for the medullary recycling of urea and electrolytes, and for the urinary concentrating mechanism are discussed. In addition, the tight junctions of the papillary epithelium are described.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 125
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 226 (1982), S. 1-12 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Serotonin-immunoreactive nerve fibers ; Cerebellum ; Cat ; Rat ; Immunohistochemistry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The localization of serotonin (5-HT)-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the cerebellum of the rat and cat was investigated by means of the peroxidase-anti-peroxidase (PAP) method using highly specific antibodies to 5-HT. Serotonin-containing nerve fibers were distributed throughout the entire cerebellum including the deep cerebellar nuclei, while 5-HT-positive neuronal somata were not detected in the cerebellum of either species. A different pattern of 5-HT innervation was found among the three layers of the cerebellar cortex. There were also interspecific differences in the pattern of distribution of 5-HT. In the rat, the pool of 5-HT nerve fibers mainly consisted of tangential elements, which were predominant in the molecular layer, while in the cat only a few 5-HT fibers were found in the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex; dense networks of 5-HT nerve fibers were present in the granular layer. Some differences are evident in the pattern of distribution of 5-HT fibers in cerebellar regions classified on an anatomical and functional basis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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