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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (260)
  • 1980-1984  (260)
  • 1982  (260)
  • Engineering General  (260)
  • Nuclear reactions
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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (260)
Material
Years
  • 1980-1984  (260)
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Keywords
  • 101
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Implicit time integration of elasto-viscoplastic solids subject to the Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1873-1881 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: For selected situations in geotechnical engineering, the use of implicit time integration techniques for elasto-viscoplastic analysis is advantageous, or even unavoidable. In this paper the necessary expressions are derived for the implicit analysis of a material governed by the Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion. In particular, detailed expressions are provided for the viscoplastic, strain rate derivative matrix Hn in a form suitable for numerical computation. Use of this algorithm is illustrated by the solution of a numerical example.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620181209
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  • 102
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    Correction (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. i 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620181211
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  • 103
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    Approximate solution of singular integro-differential equations in elastic contact problems (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 503-519 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A method for the numerical solution of singular integro-differential equations is proposed. The approximate solution is sought in the form of the sum of a power series with unknown coefficients multiplied by a special term which controls the appropriate solution behaviour near and at the edges of the interval. The coefficients are to be determined from a system of linear algebraic equations. The method is applied to the solution of a contact problem of a disk inserted in an infinite elastic plane. Exact analytical solution is obtained for the particular case when the disk is of the same material as the plane. Comparison is made between the exact and the approximate solutions as well as with the solutions previously available in literature. The stability and the accuracy of the present method is investigated under variation of the parameters involved. The applicability of the method to the case when the boundary conditions for the unknown function are nonzero is discussed along with an illustrative example. A FORTRAN subroutine for the numerical solution of singular integro-differential equations is also provided.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180403
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  • 104
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    An experimental investigation of the use of isoparametric and rational basis elements in a fluid flow problem (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 557-568 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Three competing finite element techniques are applied to a simple flow problem in a region with curved boundaries. Only three-sided elements are considered. The techniques are (1) straight-sided elements, (2) isoparametric elements, both of which use polynomial bases, and (3) curved elements using rational basis functions. The broad conclusions are that both curved-edge techniques are much superior to their straight-sided equivalent and that rational basis functions are quite successful in practice but require slightly more effort to implement, and cost a little more in computer time. From the point of view of efficiency, isoparametric elements seem to be the best choice.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180406
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  • 105
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    Semi-implicit transient analysis procedures for structural dynamics analysis (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 609-622 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A semi-implicit direct time integration procedure is presented which avoids factorization of the implicit difference solution matrix. The procedure, if properly implemented, requires only vectorial calculations and hence needs the same computer core space as explicit integration procedures. Guidelines for splitting the stiffness matrix into upper and lower matrices are established, which among other things are designed to satisfy a correct transmission of rigid-body motions from element (or grid) to its adjacent elements.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180410
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  • 106
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    Digital computer treatment of partial differential equations, V. Vemuri and W. J. Karplus, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J. (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 631-631 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180413
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  • 107
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    Approximate structural reanalysis for optimization along a line (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 635-651 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The need for multiple repeated analyses, which usually involve much computational effort, is one of the main difficulties in the optimization of large structures. This study deals with approximate structural reanalysis along a line in the design space, a problem common to many optimal design procedures. The problem is first stated in terms of a single independent variable. Explicit polynomial approximations for the nodal displacements are then presented. It is shown that Taylor series expansion of the displacements and a series based on a simple iteration procedure are equivalent. Furthermore, the series coefficients can readily be computed, providing efficient and high-degree polynomial approximations.To improve the quality of the approximations, two nonpolynomial series are proposed. The relationship between the various methods is discussed and simple numerical examples demonstrate applications. All the proposed procedures require only a single exact analysis to obtain the explicit expressions for any given line.The results obtained are very close to the exact solution and indicate that the proposed methods provide efficient and high-quality approximations for the nodal displacements.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180502
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  • 108
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    Finite element methods for constrained problems in elasticity (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 701-725 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Several different variational formulations of boundary-value problems with constraints are discussed, with particular reference to constrained problems in elasticity. Special attention is given to exterior penalty methods. A discussion of the conditions necessary for penalty methods to provide a basis for stable and convergent finite element methods is given. In particular, the use of reduced integration is discussed and criteria on the order of reduced integration rules sufficient to produce stable and convergent schemes are described. Applications of reduced integration-penalty methods to incompressible elasticity problems and contact problems are described.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180507
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  • 109
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    A finite element formulation of uncoupled thermoviscoelastic response of plane problems for all admissible values of Poisson's ratio (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 765-774 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A variational theorem and the finite element method of solution are presented for the solution of thermoviscoelastic stress analysis of linear materials, valid for all admissible values of Poisson's ratio. An illustrative example is included.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180511
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  • 110
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    Round-off error in the penalty finite element analysis of incompressible continuous media (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 792-797 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Upper and lower bounds on the spectral condition number of the coefficient matrix are computed for several Lagrangian and serendipity elements.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180514
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  • 111
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    Finite element analysis of rotating flow in a skewed shrouded rotor geometry (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 351-362 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The effect of slight shroud skewness on rotating flow in an enclosed rotor geometry is modelled as a perturbation about axisymmetric flow. Solutions are obtained by the finite element method. Mixed and penalty finite element formulation are employed.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180304
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  • 112
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    An algorithm for programming the element matrices of doubly curved quadrilateral shell finite elements (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 421-434 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper describes an algorithm which reduces the apparently diverse and complicated matrix calculations required to evaluate the finite element matrices of doubly curved quadrilateral shell finite elements to a few basic manipulations which are then repeated a large number of times. The algorithm can be transcribed particularly quickly into computer code. It lends itself to a structured programming approach and the flexibility of the ensuing coding is high. The accuracy of the code can be ascertained with relative ease and fault-finding is comparatively straightforward; hence, a high degree of confidence can be placed in its execution. The element chosen to illustrate the application of the algorithm is a particularly difficult example. It is expected that the algorithm described would be useful in a wide variety of finite element computer program applications.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180308
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  • 113
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    Numerical solution of heat conduction problems by parabolic time-space element (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 467-474 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In this paper, heat conduction problems are solved by a quasi-variational approach. A parabolic time-space element based on the above formulation is developed, and the stability of the above scheme is established. The results indicate that the scheme is suitable for various auxiliary conditions and that it is unconditionally stable.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180311
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  • 114
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    A comparison of discretization methods for the shallow water equations (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 981-995 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Numerical solutions of the shallow water equations obtained both by finite element methods and finite difference methods are compared. The numerical results show that the way in which the boundary is discretized has an important but local influence. Furthermore, the role of empirical parameters is shown to be of at least the same local importance.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180704
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  • 115
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    A qualitative accuracy consideration on arch elements (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1179-1195 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In the present paper, discretization errors in the finite element analysis of arches are investigated quantitatively. So far they have been estimated as an order, such as a power of the element size by means of functional analysis; however, it is insufficient for practical applications, because they depend to a great extent upon the constant of proportionality, which is investigated herein. As a result, it is shown that the constant is affected largely by the arch's stiffness. Errors for displacements are also evaluated with the aid of the energy principle. A formula for a posteriori estimating errors is proposed, which can be evaluated only from the finite element solutions calculated. The validity of the present theory is verified by numerical examples.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180806
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  • 116
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    Minimum weight design of a spherical shell under a concentrated load at the apex (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1091-1100 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The minimum weight design of a spherical shell under a concentrated load at the apex is presented in this paper. The usual restrictions of statical equilibrium and various yield criteria have been utilized. The finite element method is used to discretize the design parameters and the resulting nonlinear minimization problems are solved using the modified Rosenbrock's optimization method.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180712
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  • 117
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    Finite element computation of large rubber membrane deformations (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 653-660 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180503
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  • 118
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    On a finite element model for solving Dirichlet's problem of Laplace's equation (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 687-700 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper is a sequel to the author's previous paper. 1In soliving Dirichlet's problem of Laplace's equation by the finite element method, we can subdivide the original region into many elements, which in general are chosen to be triangular or rectangular. Customarily, 2,3,7 polynomial trial functions are chosen as the basis of the finite element model.In this paper we divide the original region into rectangles and choose a particular series for the finite element model. This model is shown to be very efficient in obtaining the analytical solution of Laplace's equation over complex regions. From some computer trials it is demonstrated that this finite element model can be used to reduce the main memory storage and computer time requirements.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180506
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  • 119
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    Time domain approximations in the solution of fields by time domain diakoptics (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1361-1373 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The numerical solution of field substructures in time domain diakoptics requires an interation time consistent with the numerical accuracy required. When storing and reconnecting the substructures, the information required can be obtained from considerably fewer samples. This paper shows how time domain approximations can further reduce the storage and computing time in space approximated time domain diakoptics.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180908
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  • 120
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    Integration of exponential expressions in natural co-ordinates over finite elements (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1412-1415 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Expressions involving products of exponential functions and polynomials are encountered in the finite element formulation of the diffusion-convection equation. Integrals of such expressions over finite elements are necessary to derive the element matrices. The derivation of the formula for such integrations is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180912
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  • 121
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    Masthead (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180601
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  • 122
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    A moving Petrov-Galerkin method for transport equations (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1321-1336 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A time-dependent transport equation is solved numerically by using a Petrov-Galerkin technique on a time-dependent grid. A piecewise linear trial solution and piecewise Hermite cubic test functions are used. The same method is also applied to a time-independent problem, in which case it automatically generates a grid in a way which bears some resemblance to certain existing grid-generation techniques. Several numerical examples are given.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180905
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  • 123
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    Dynamic programming in minimum weight design of shells (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1349-1360 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In designing a structure for a given purpose, the designer should aim at the most economical design from many points of view. Minimum weight designs may not be the most economical ones. Nevertheless, such designs provide insights into other types of design and may pave ways for improvements in design procedures. Minimum weight designs of continuum structures may be formulated as numerical optimization problems using either the finite difference method or the finite element method, and the resulting minimization problem may be solved using techniques of numerical optimization. This paper, on the other hand, considers the formulation of the minimum weight design of a spherical cap as a dynamic programming problem and its solution. The paper also discusses the advantages and limitations of the approach.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180907
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  • 124
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    A remark on the direct numerical determination of stress intensity factors at crack tips (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1416-1419 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A numerical method for the direct determination of stress intensity factors at crack tips from the numerical solution of the corresponding singular integral equations is proposed. This method is based on the Gauss-Chebyshev method for the numerical solution of singular integral equations and is shown to be equivalent to the Lobatto-Chebyshev method for the numerical solution of the same class of equations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180913
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  • 125
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    Advanced matrix theory for scientists and engineers, A. S. Deif, Abacus Press, Tunbridge Wells, 1982. No. of pages: 241. Price: £14.95 (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1423-1423 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180916
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  • 126
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    An integral equation method for the diffraction of oblique waves by an infinite cylinder (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1497-1504 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A hybrid integral equation method is formulated to study the diffraction of oblique waves by an infinite cylinder. The water depth and the geometry of the floating cylinder are assumed to be uniform in the y-direction (one of the horizontal axes). Numerical discretization and integrations are performed in the vertical plane. Analytical solutions are used in far fields such that radiation boundary conditions are satisfied. Numerical results are obtained for the case of wave scattering by a floating rectangular cylinder in a constant water depth. The accuracy and efficiency of present method are compared with those obtained by other numerical techniques.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620181005
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  • 127
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    Block-indexed solution of very large linear equation systems with symmetric dbbf coefficient matrix (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1529-1546 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The finite element solution of various partial differential equations leads to large linear equation systems, which may have a DBBF (double bounded band form) coefficient matrix, if periodicity conditions are taken into account. An efficient Fortran program solving such equation systems, developed for Control Data computers from the Cyber 70/170 series, utilizes the original block-indexed approach to reduce input-output time in communication with disc memory. Program performance is presented in some detail and quantitative comparison with other possible algorithms is carried out. An appendix lists the complete program.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620181008
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  • 128
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    Errors in natural frequency calculations using eigenvalue economization (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1521-1527 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The eigenvalue economization process is an efficient way of reducing the size of eigenvalue problems to manageable proportions, at the expense of introducing approximations. The use of automatic criteria for selecting the slave variables to be eliminated has considerably eased the use of this technique recently. However, it is necessary to ensure that unacceptable errors are not introduced by the condensation process. Until recently, there has been little available to guide the user in estimating errors except past experience. In this paper, the errors introduced in the condensation process are considered theoretically, using an algebraic approach. This enables an absolute error bound to be stated, together with an approximate bound which can be very easily evaluated. Examples are given of the use of the approximate bound.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620181007
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    Control of spurious modes in the nine-node quadrilateral element (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1576-1580 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The nine-node quadrilateral is much more accurate than its eight-node relative if elements are non-rectangular. However, the nine-node element may display spurious low-energy modes under 2 × 2 Gauss quadrature. These modes can be controlled by using the 3 × 3 quadrature rule, but at added cost. This paper investigates two inexpensive control devices that can be used with 2 × 2 Gauss quadrature.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620181012
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    Masthead (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620181101
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  • 131
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    On some unconditionally stable, higher order methods for the numerical solution of the structural dynamics equations (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1613-1621 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Third- and fourth-order accurate Nørsett rational approximations to the exponential and associated semi-implicit Runge-Kutta methods are used for the construction of efficient, accurate and unconditionally stable schemes for the direct numerical integration of the linear, nonhomogeneous, second-order equations of structural dynamics.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620181104
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  • 132
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    Evaluation of a new quadrilateral thin plate bending element (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1655-1677 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A review of 4-node, 12 degrees-of-freedom quadrilateral elements for thin plates is presented. A new element called DKQ is discussed. The formulation is based on a generalization of the efficient and reliable triangular element DKT presented in References 1 and 2 and on the rectangular element QC presented in Reference 3. These elements are derived using the so-called discrete Krichhoff technique. A detailed numerical evaluation of the behaviour of the DKQ element for the computation of displacements and stresses for thin plate bending problems is presented and discussed. The DKQ element appears to be a simple and reliable 12 degrees-of-freedom thin plate bending element.
    Additional Material: 20 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620181106
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    Announcements (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1741-1743 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620181116
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  • 134
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    A family of methods with three-term recursion formulae (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1785-1799 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A state-of-the-art survey of a family of vector iterative methods with three-term recursion formulae is presented. The methods can be classified under two broad categories. The Chebyshev semi-iterative type of methods and the conjugate gradient type of methods. Relationships between the iteration parameters of the methods are established and computational techniques for estimating these parameters are presented. Numerical tests confirm the superiority of the conjugate gradient method for linear problems and the Chebyshev semi-iterative methods for nonlinear problems.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620181204
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    The potential integral for a linear distribution over a triangular domain (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1821-1828 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In this paper an exact expression is derived for the potential at an arbitrary point due to a linear distribution of source over a triangular domain. The integral which gives the potential is evaluated by means of an extension of an analytical procedure previously evolved for a constant distribution. Numerical values of the potential are obtained for several field points by evaluating the above analytical expression, and are compared with those calculated by using triangle quadratures.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620181206
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  • 136
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    Announcements (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1882-1885 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620181210
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    Masthead (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620181001
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  • 138
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    On computational procedures for the force method (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1469-1495 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: It is known that the matrix force method has certain advantages over the displacement method for a class of structural problems. It is also known that the force method, when carried out by the conventional Gauss-Jordan procedure, tends to fill in the problem data, making the method unattractive for large size, sparse problems. This poor fill-in property, however, is not necessarily inherent to the method, and the sparsity may be maintained if one uses what we call the Turn-Back LU Procedure. The purpose of this paper is two-fold. First, it is shown that there exist some close relationships between the force method and the least squares problem, and that many existing algebraic procedures to perform the force method can be regarded as applications/extensions of certain well-known matrix factorization schemes for the least squares problem. Secondly, it is demonstrated that these algebraic procedures for the force method can be unified form the matrix factorization viewpoint. Included in this unification is the Turn-Back LU Procedure, which was originally proposed by Topçu in his thesis.8 It is explained why this procedure tends to produce sparse and banded ‘self-stress’ and flexibility matrices with small band width. Some computational results are presented to demonstrate the superiority of the Turn-Back LU Procedure over the other schemes considered in this paper.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620181004
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  • 139
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    Free surface seepage from nonsymmetric channels (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1547-1563 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The problem of steady, two-dimensional seepage from a nonsymmetric channel through a homogeneous porous medium underlain at a finite depth by a drain, is solved using the Baiocchi transformation and method. Because of the nonsymmetry in the problem, both free surfaces must be included in the solution domain of the problem. Thus, several interesting complexities are introduced into the solution of the problem. First, there are the two solution domain extensions (one across each free surface) and then the formulation of the new dependent variable throughout the extended solution domain. Secondly, the projection operator has two bounds in the numerical scheme. Finally, there are two compatibility conditions - one for the flowrate and one for the value of the new dependent variable at the left-hand side free surface-channel intersection. A secant method for the solution of two simultaneous nonlinear equations was used to obtain the values of these parameters. Results from the proposed method compared favourably with what few results were available in the literature.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620181009
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  • 140
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    Uniform rational approximation on large data sets (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1569-1575 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: We report on a very effective program for uniform approximation of functions (or discrete data) by generalized rational functions of any number of variables over point sets so large that conventional methods are inapplicable. The points need not be arranged in a regular pattern, but if they are, the number of points is normally limited only by the computer time available. The program extends the differential correction algorithm discussed in an earlier article in this journal by combining it with a first Remes-type exchange procedure, while retaining the flexibility and robustness of differential correction. Furthermore, this algorithm is guaranteed to converge in theory. Testing has shown that, even when the point set is small enough for differential correction to be applied directly, this algorithm is usually faster. We discuss the algorithm and program along with several numerical examples, one of which involves more than three million data points. A FORTRAN listing with illustrative output can be obtained from the first author.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620181011
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    Application of the boundary integral equation method to Reissner's plate model (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1-10 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Numerical solution of Reissner's model for the bending of elastic plates by an advanced boundary integral equation method is outlined. Construction of fundamental solutions and computational strategy is fully described. Implementation of the resulting one-dimensional model is illustrated by two test problems, including comparison to analytical solutions.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180102
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  • 142
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    Finite element operators: Inexpensive evaluation of upwind schemes (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 77-88 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper introduces the notion of the finite element operator, and shows its application to the evaluation of several upwind finite element schemes. It is demonstrated that these operators supply good qualitative information on the performance of these schemes in an inexpensive as well as visual manner. In addition, this method gives insight into grid dependent effects which often characterize finite element solutions.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180107
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  • 143
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    An efficient algorithm for analysis of nonlinear heat transfer with phase changes (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 119-134 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A new, simple and effective finite element procedure is presented for the practical solution of heat transfer conditions with phase changes. In this method, a fixed finite element mesh is employed, and a relatively coarse finite element mesh and large time step can be used in the incremental solution. The results of various numerical studies using the algorithm are presented that demonstrate the effectiveness of the procedure.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180111
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    Analysis of global expansion methods: Weakly asymptotically diagnonal systems, L.M. Delves et al., Academic Press, London, July 1981. No. of pages: X + 276. Price: £20.40 ($49.00). ISBN 0.12.208880.8 (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 165-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180115
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  • 145
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    Effects of internal finite element node placement on field problem solutions (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 151-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Given herein, in abbreviated form, is a discussion of the effects of element internal and edge node location in the finite element-Galerkin method. The solution dependencies on node placement of many numerical schemes are reviewed. Then, a transient linear one-dimensional heat conduction problem, solved using the finite element-Galerkin method, is used for illustration. Results show that, in contrast to many other numerical techniques, if the finite element-Galerkin method is strictly adhered to with respect to spatial integrations for a given number of nodes in an element, the solution is unaffected by shifting node locations as long as the specific shape of any given element remains unaltered. The reason for this invariance becomes readily apparent upon examining the orthogonality requirements imposed by this method.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180113
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    Masthead (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180201
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    A mixed formulation and mixed finite elements for limit analysis (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 211-243 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A mixed variational principle for the limit analysis of rigid-perfectly plastic continua is discussed, in which the nonlinear yield condition and the associated flow rule appear through a suitably defined ‘penalty’ function. A mixed finite element discrete formulation is derived and a sequential unconstrained minimization technique is devised, affording a complete (static and kinematic) solution. Several results are presented in both structural and soil mechanics, compared with previously available (exact and numerical) solutions.
    Additional Material: 27 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180206
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  • 148
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    Gauss-Lobatto integration of high precision tetrahedral elements (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 311-313 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180211
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    Three-dimensional hybrid-stress isoparametric quadratic displacement elements (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 445-465 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Two 20-node quadratic displacement three-dimensional isoparametric elements are developed based on the hybrid-stress model. The elements differ in the stress interpolation used. In one case, the stress polynomials are selected to correspond approximately to the strain polynomials obtained from the displacement field, and a 57β stress field results. In the other element, complete cubic polynomials are used which are forced to satisfy the equilibrium equations and stress compatibility equations, and a 69β stress field results. Both elements possess correct rank, but only the 69β element is invariant. Results obtained using these two elements, and the corresponding 20-node assumed-displacement element, are compared and the 69β element is shown to be the better element. The 2 × 2 × 2 Gauss stations are also verified to be the optimal sampling points for these elements.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180310
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    Acceleration of subspace iteration (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 583-589 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An algorithm is presented and discussed which gives 40 per cent reduction in the cost of the basic subspace iteration for eigenvalues.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180408
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    Announcements (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 475-476 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180312
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    A note on the singularity and the strain energy of singular elements (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 31-39 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180104
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    Loubignac's iterative method in finite element elastostatics (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 67-75 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Finite element models provide only approximate results under most loadings. A beam modelled by constant-strain triangles and loaded by pure moment is a case in point. Yet if the iterative method advanced by Loubignac et al.1 is applied to this model, the exact stress field will be generated. The iterative method derives from a parent formulation that can be solved without iteration.2 As shown in this paper, the parent formulation contains the sum of two stiffness matrices. One is produced by the customary finite element shape functions. The other is produced by finite difference expressions for strain gradients that are not contained in the shape functions.Loubignac's method produces a stress field that is continous across interelement boundaries. Other methods that seek to impose interelement continuity are noted in the concluding section.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180106
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    Solving the model of isothermal reactors with axial mixing by the differential ouadrature method (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 111-118 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The numerical solution of nonlinear partial differential equations plays a very important role in may areas of physics, engineering and biology. In many cases all that is desired is a moderately accurate solution at a few points whcih can be calculated rapidly.In this work, we present a simple and direct technique, the differential quadrature method, which can be applied in various classes of partial differential equations. It produces moderately accurate results for the points of interest, generally few in number, and eliminates the difficulties of programming complex algorithms for the computer, as well as excessive use of storage and computer time. We illustrate this technique with the solution of the model of isothermal reactors with axial mixing. The results are compared with the results obtained by using the finite difference method. It is shown that differential quadrature of order 9 (9 points) provides approximately the same accurate results as the finite difference method (480 points) does.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180110
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    An analysis of alternatives for computing axisymmetric element stiffness matrices (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 161-164 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This note compares the use of numerical and closed form integration in computation of element stiffness matrices for axisymmetric finite element analysis. Only constant strain elements are considered. Results obtained with Gaussian quadrature and closed form integrators are compared mutually and with an exact solution obtained from classical methods. The FEM global equations estimate the force-displacement behaviour of an elastic continuum with an accuracy that depends on the integration method used. Selection of an integration order minimizing error is particularly critical in the presence of high stress gradients. Best results in the vicinity of the axis of revolution may be obtained with single-point integration rather than higher order approximations or exact integration of the element stiffness matrix. This phenomenon and its consequences are subsequently discussed.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180114
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    Implementation of computer procedures and stress-strain laws in geotechnical engineering, 2 volumes, edited by C.S. Desai and S.K. Saxena, Acorn Press (Box 4007, Duke Station, Durham, N.C. 27706), 1981, No. of pages: 704, Price: $48.50 (U.S.) (extra U.S. $12.00 for outside of U.S. and Canada); and Evaluation of constitutive parameters for geological materials, edited by C.S. Desai, 1981, No. of pages: 151, Price: U.S. $15.00 (available from first author Department of Civil Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721) (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 165-166 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180116
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    Direct-iterative solution of ill-conditioned finite element stiffness matrices (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 181-194 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In this paper we discuss and expand the direct-iterative method proposed originally by Wilson.1 First we introduce several simple numerical examples to illustrate the basic idea of this method before we proceed to prove the convergence of the direct-iterative method. We then discuss the methods for selecting the transformative matrix (Q) to be used in transforming an ill-conditioned matrix into a well-conditioned matrix in the direct-iterative method. There are two methods used to choose the matrix Q, namely the rigid body movement method and the imaginary element method. From examples 1-3 we can see that the imaginary element mesh is optional, and the finite element mesh is not necessary. The imaginary element method is a generalization of the mesh refinement method development in Reference 3. Because instead of local rotation angle we only choose displacements of nodes to represent rigid body movement, the rigid body movement method is an improvement of the method in Reference 2. The advantage of these two methods is that, in order to obtain well-conditioned matrices, only a few changes in the stiffness matrices are required even with general ill-conditioned stiffness matrices, and then convergency is achieved rapidly under SOR iteration. Finally, the examples for computing each type of the ill-conditioned matrix in three-dimensional finite element analysis are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the direct-iterative method in solving the large bandwidth problems.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180204
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    Automatic mesh generation with tetrahedron elements (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 273-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: To reduce the manual work involved in the application of the FEM in practice, preprocessors can be applied for the construction of network structures, which are complicated in generation strategy and do not form any optimum discrete structure. The time necessary for generation can be minimized even more by the application of only one element type within the whole network structure. A technique for the automatic generation of 3D-network structures with tetrahedron elements is presented in this paper. In this proposed technique, the nodal points of the network structure must be defined manually before the generation procedure, since a random positioning of points is usually undesirable for FEM calculation. The nodal points are connected by a program to a network structure consisting of tetrahedron elements which have optimum form for the numerical computation of the element matrices. After the generation, the element sides forming any part of the boundary surface of the network structure can be automatically identified. If necessary, the network structure can be automatically refined.
    Additional Material: 26 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180209
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    Masthead (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180301
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    A thermodynamically consistent numerical method for transonic cascade flow simulationThis work was carried out during the author's tenure as SRC Research Assistant in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College, London. (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 535-555 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The author's recent work on thermodynamically consistent numerical methods for the simulation of inviscid, adiabatic flow is extended to handle transonic flow problems of practical interest. The basic Singhal-Spalding scheme is developed and tested on two problems. The first one is the standard transonic nozzle flow. The computational results are shown to be in good agreement with the analytical solution. The second problem is a flow situation studied experimentlly by Sieverding. The inviscid results are in surprisingly good agreement with the principal qualitative features of the real folws. There are important quantitative discrepancies which are believed to be due to the inadequacies of the inviscid model rather than failings of the scheme itself. Arguments in support for this view are presented.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180405
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  • 161
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    Shape functions for the surgace elements with a prescribed normal direction in nodal points (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 623-628 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180411
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    Numerical methods for engineering application, Jeol H. Ferziger, Wiley, New York, 1981, Price: £16.60 (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 631-631 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180414
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  • 163
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    Announcements (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1112-1114 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180715
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  • 164
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    Invariant 8-node hybrid-stress elements for thin and moderately thick plates (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1153-1178 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Eight-node hybrid-stress elements are developed for the analysis of plates ranging from arbitrarily thin to moderately thick. The displacement behaviour is characterized by a transverse displacement and independent cross-section rotations, which are interpolated using the 8-node Serendipity shape functions. All components of stress are included; alternative elements are developed which differe in the form of the inplane distribution of the stresses. Elements are sought for whic the stiffiness is invariant and of correct rank, and whic show on signs of deterioration in the thin-plate limit. A discussion of the prospects for developing a 4-node element with these characteristics is also presented. Example problems are used to compare the performance of the 8-node elements including convergence behaviour, intraelement stress distributions and optimal sampling locations, and range of applicability in terms of plate thickness ratio.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180805
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    A mixed variational principle for finite element analysis (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1213-1230 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A mixed variational principle is developed and utilized in a finite element formulation. The procedure is mixed in the sense that it is based upon a combination of modified potential and complementary energy principles. Compatibility and equilibrium are satisfied throughout the domain a priori, leaving only the boundary conditions to be satisfied by the variational principle. This leads to a finite element model capable of relaxing troublesome interelement continuity requirements. The nodal concept is also abandoned and, instead, generalized parameters serve as the degrees-of-freedom. This allows for easier construction of higher order elements with the displacements and stresses treated in the same manner. To illustrate these concepts, plane stress and plate bending analyses are presented.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180808
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  • 166
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    Plane intersections of a three-dimensional mesh (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1253-1259 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In order to detect geometric anomalies in 3D boundary element mesh or to obtain the contour plotting of stresses on a plane intersecting the 3D mesh, a computer program PP3D-COUPE has been developed to generate the contours on the intersection plane. The automatic mesh M2D is used to discretize the surfaces bounded by the contours for further computations.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180812
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  • 167
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    Masthead (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180901
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  • 168
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    A receptance formula for general second-degree square lambda matrices (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 829-843 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A computational algorithm utilizing the free vibration modes of a structure is presented for calculating receptances. The usual eigensystem computed for large structural models is incomplete; hence the receptances are approximate. The formulae developed here increased receptance accuracy compared to classical spectral representations. Receptances are used extensively in eigensolution reanalysis, design and synthesis and also for forced harmonic response studies. In these areas receptance approaches offer a popular alternative to Rayleigh-Ritz subspace type methods. Structural models represented by nonsymmetric mass, damping and stiffness matrices, which occur frequently in rotating structures, may be treated using the receptance formulae presented. The receptance matrix derived is applicable to general, second-degree, square lambda matrices. This generalizes the receptance matrix commonly associated with matrix pencils.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180603
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    Application of point least squares method with B-splines in solid mechanics problems (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 897-907 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A discrete approach using the B-spline functions and the concept of the point least square is presented. The general procedure, in which trial functions satisfy neither governing differential equations nor boundary conditions, is used in solving solid mechanics problems. No numerical integration is required in the formulation and the resulting matrix has the advantage of always being symmetrical.To demonstrate the accuracy and versatility of the present method, vibration of beams, skew plate problems, thick plates and a non-self-adjoint problem are analysed. A good accuracy is obtained with increase in the number of fitting points and of knots of B-spline functions.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180607
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  • 170
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    Finite element meshes for the interaction of soil and axisymmetric structures (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 949-953 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180611
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  • 171
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    Masthead (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180701
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  • 172
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    Finite element analysis of non-stationary one-dimensional random diffusion problems (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1045-1054 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A finite element analysis of a class of non-stationary random diffusion problems is considered. By using the one-dimensional heat equation with random initial condition and random external excitation, the statistical numerical formulation is presented. Two typical numerical examples are given for somewhat simplified problems by which the validity of the finite element scheme is discussed. The results obtained by the finite difference scheme are also shown.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180708
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    An explicit formulation for an efficient triangular plate-bending element (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1077-1089 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In this paper a new explicit expression of the stiffness matrix of the 9 degrees-of-freedom plate-bending triangular element called DKT in Reference 1 is presented. Some additional interesting numerical results assessing the behaviour of this element are presented and discussed.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180711
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    Finite element method in magnetohydrodynamic channel flow problems (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1104-1111 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The finite element method has been applied to the steady-state fully developed magnetohydrodynamic channel flow of a conducting fluid in the presence of transverse magnetic field. Simple elements have been used to obtain the numerical values of velocity and induced magnetic field. To test the efficiency of the method, three different geometries, viz., rectangle, circle and triangle, are taken as the section of the pipe whose walls are non-conducting. Comparison is made with those cases in which exact solutions are available. Apart from giving good results, the FEM makes it possible to solve the problem for a pipe with arbitrary cross-section which was not possible by the other methods.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180714
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    Error growth in transient large displacement calculationsPresented at Fifth Invitational Symposium on the Unification of Finite Elements, Finite Differences and Calculus of Variations, University of Connecticut (May 2, 1980). (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1131-1143 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Nonlinear problems are widely acknowledged as being more difficult to solve numerically than linear problems. Various kinds of errors contribute to this difficulty and in this paper some of these errors will be described and illustrated by solving certain large displacement problems using eight-noded isoparametric brick elements in space and an explicit integration method in time. First, approximation errors in time integration are illustrated, with violation of energy conservation being used as an indicator of the increased difficulties encountered in solving large displacement problems. Next, round-off errors and order of operations are discussed and illustrated for the case of a cube that is impulsively set in rotation about its centre of mass. Simple tests of invariance with respect to translation and rotation are shown to be interesting and potentially useful. Finally, approximation errors in spatial discretization, especially those associated with incomplete or inconsistent integration over the element volume, are illustrated for a large deflection beam problem.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180803
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    Displacement discontinuity method applied to nondestructive testing related stress problems (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1231-1244 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A numerical stress analysis technique using the displacement discontinuity method (DDM) is used to evaluate surface breaking and near surface flaws. DDM is described briefly, with the main body of the work devoted to exploring the use of DDM in a nondestructive evaluation (NDE) program. DDM is a subset of boundary element method technique, and it requires that only the boundaries of the problem be described. Two smooth subsurface voids are investigated. Results for two-dimensional circular and elliptical holes are presented. Comparisons with experimental and theoretical work are shown. The method of uneven element spacing is explored. The results are examined in the context of providing information for NDE inspection requirements and the definition of acceptable flaws. DDM is very well suited for examining the stress field around a surface crack. Surface cracks can be very dangerous and good NDE inspection techniques are required. A method of obtaining the stress intensity factors is developed and illustrated on angular surface breaking cracks. The results are compared with limited experimental and numerical results and interpreted in terms of NDE inspection requirements.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180809
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    Letters to the editor (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1260-1263 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180813
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    On the reliability of the linear oscillator and systems of coupled oscillatorsDedicated to Professor O. C. Zienkiewicz on the occasion of his sixtieth birthday. (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1271-1295 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 20 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180902
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    A family of solution algorithms for nonlinear structural analysis based on relaxation equations (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1337-1347 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A family of hierarchical algorithms for nonlinear structural equations are presented. The algorithms are based on the Davidenko-Branin type homotopy and shown to yield consistent hierarchical perturbation equations. The algorithms appear to be particularly suitable to problems involving bifurcation and limit point calculations. An important by-product of the algorithms is that they provide a systematic and economical means for computing the stepsize at each iteration stage when a Newton-like method is employed to solve the systems of equations. Some sample problems are provided to illustrate the characteristics of the algorithms.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180906
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    Swirl flow studies in diffusers using the flux analysis method with orthogonal curvilinear coordinates (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1385-1399 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A computational method of flux analysis is applied to the study of the swirling flow of different regimes through a diffuser pipe. The flux analysis method is an iterative procedure to construct a system of orthogonal curvilinear co-ordinates consisting of stream-surface and normals following the flow. Examples of the inviscid swirling flow of an incompressible fluid are calculated, and deformations of vortices in a diffuser pipe are studied. For a simple vortex with rigid rotation the deceleration of flow is remarkable on the axis, where the total energy has the lowest level. For a Burgers type vortex, provided the circulation number exceeds a critical value, the rate of deceleration of flow along the axis become more pronounced for only a slight increase of swirl strength, and ultimately a stagnation point appears on the axis. The present method, however, may not be applied to the flow with stagnation point.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180910
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    Discussion on: ‘A note on the singularity and strain energy of singular elements’ (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 1420-1423 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180914
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    Consistent vs. reduced integration penalty methods for incompressible media using several old and new elements (1982)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 2 (1982), S. 25-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Penalty Method ; Incompressible Flow ; Reduced Quadrature ; Finite Elements ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The frequently used reduced integration method for solving incompressible flow problems ‘a la penalty’ is critically examined vis-a-vis the consistent penalty method. For the limited number of quadrilateral and hexahedral elements studied, it is shown that the former method is only equivalent to the latter in certain special cases. In the general case, the consistent penalty method is shown to be more accurate. Finally, we demonstrate significant advantages of a new element, employing biquadratic (2-D) or triquadratic (3-D) velocity and linear pressure over that using the same velocity but employing bilinear (2-D) or trilinear (3-D) pressure approximation.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.1650020103
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    A statistical study of fabric in a random assembly of spherical granules (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 6 (1982), S. 77-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 0363-9061
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Notes: It is commonly accepted that the mechanical behaviour of granular masses is strongly affected by their microstructure, namely the relative arrangement of voids and particles, i.e. the granular fabric. Therefore, parameters which characterize the granular fabric are of paramount importance in a fundamental description of the overall macroscopic stresses and deformation measures. In this paper several measures of granular fabric are introduced for a random assembly of spherical granules, using a statistical approach. In particular, a second-order symmetric tensor, Fij, emerges from this consideration, which seems to be of fundamental importance for the description of fabric, and which is closely related to the distribution of the contact normals in the assembly. The relation between fabric measures presented here and those discussed by other investigators is also discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610060106
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    A mapping finite element method for stress calculation in two-dimensions (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 6 (1982), S. 141-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 0363-9061
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Notes: A mapping finite element method is proposed for the solution of elastic problems in two-dimensions. This method, based on the logarithmic condensation of physical space, is found to give significantly greater accuracy than when the problem is solved in the physical plane using the standard FEM. Logarithmic condensation of space also permits the solution of large aspect-ratio problems of this type, accurately and economically.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610060110
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  • 185
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    Obituary (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 6 (1982), S. i 
    Details
    ISSN: 0363-9061
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610060202
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  • 186
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    Finite layer analysis of consolidation. I (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 6 (1982), S. 151-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 0363-9061
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Notes: A method for the analysis of the consolidation of a horizontally layered soil under plane conditions is developed. The method depends upon the transformation of the governing equations by a Fourier trasform. This transformation has the effect of reducing the partial differential equations of consolidation to ordinary differential equations. The ordinary differential equations are then solved using a finite layer or finite difference approach. Once the solution in the transformed plane has been found, the actual solution is synthesized by Fourier inversion. The method leads to a considerable reduction in the amount of core storage necessary for solution and enables the solution of quite significant problems to be obtained on a mini-computer.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610060204
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  • 187
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    On statistical description of stress and fabric in granular materials (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 6 (1982), S. 95-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 0363-9061
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Notes: The notion of overall macroscopic stress in granular masses is examined from a fundamental point of view by a statistical consideration of the contact forces that are transmitted by the contacting granules at the microscale. This examination leads in a natural way to relations between the macroscopic stress and the resulting granular fabric. The overall stresses are expressed in terms of the contact forces in two different but complementary ways: (1) by a statistical averaging over the sample volume of contact forces and “branches” which are vectors connecting the centroids of two contacting granules; and (2) by defining the overall tractions transmitted across an interior imagined plane as the sum of the contact forces which represent the mechanical effect of granules on one side of a unit area of this plane, upon those on the other side. Conditions under which the two representations of overall stresses are equivalent, are examined in detail. In addition, explicit results are given, which, define stresses in terms of the fabric and other microstructural characteristics of the granular mass.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610060107
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  • 188
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    A critical analysis of some variational methods in slope stability analysis (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 6 (1982), S. 195-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 0363-9061
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Notes: During the last ten years the Calculus of variations technique has been applied to solve the problem of stability of slopes. All published methods are essentially based on the attainment of a functional and the search for its absolute minimum or maximum by vanishing its first variation.Obviously this statement of the problem is valid only if such a minimum or maximum exists and can be obtained by making the first variation of the functional equal to zero. So, these implicit hypotheses must be checked.This work analyses from this point of view the validity of the methods proposed by ‘Baker and Garber’, ‘Chen’ and ‘Castillo and Revilla’, and demonstrates that the first two methods are incorrectly stated while the third one is correct at least in the case of a frictionless soil.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610060206
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  • 189
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    Announcements (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 6 (1982), S. 491-492 
    Details
    ISSN: 0363-9061
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610060410
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  • 190
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    Vibrational characteristics of soil deposits with variable wave velocity (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 6 (1982), S. 1-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 0363-9061
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Notes: The paper studies certain dynamic characteristics of soil deposits with wave velocities increasing with depth according to (1 + μz)m, where m = 1, 2/3, 1/2, 1/4 and 0. Analytical solutions are presented for the fundamental periods, mode shapes and amplification functions due to vertically propagating shear waves and the effects of type (m) and rate (μ) of heterogeneity are systematically investigated. The analytical-numerical techniques are used to study the attenuation with depth in a deposit of the vertical and horizontal displacements due to travelling of Rayleigh waves. Differences attributed to different heterogeneities are discussed in connection with the machine isolation problem and the steady-state vibration technique for soil exploration. Finally, the dependence on soil heterogeneity of the time-distance response curves, obtained during seismic refraction surveys, is graphically illustrated.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610060103
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  • 191
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    Masthead (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 6 (1982) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0363-9061
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610060101
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  • 192
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    On the non-linear ‘squeezing’ effects around circular tunnelsThis study is part of a research supported by the CNR (National (Italian) Research Council). (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 6 (1982), S. 21-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 0363-9061
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Notes: An analysis is presented of the non-linear creep effects around a deep circular tunnel driven in ‘squeezing’ ground. The time-dependent behaviour of the geotechnical medium is described by means of a simple viscoplastic rheological model capable of approximating primary, secondary and tertiary creep behaviours. It is shown that tertiary creep can be allowed for by providing a suitable law governing the variation of some material parameters (such as viscosity) with stresses and strains. The basic operations of the ‘evolutive’ procedure adopted for time integration are outlined. Along each time integration step, quadratic variations of the stress and strain fields and linear variations of the material parameters are assumed. The results of various finite element analyses are presented concerning both lined and unlined cases. For the lined cases, the influence of the liner stiffness and of the time elapsed between the end of excavation and the liner installation is considered.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610060104
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  • 193
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    Announcement (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 6 (1982), S. 148-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 0363-9061
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610060113
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  • 194
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    New section (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 6 (1982), S. ii 
    Details
    ISSN: 0363-9061
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610060203
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  • 195
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    New section (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 6 (1982), S. i 
    Details
    ISSN: 0363-9061
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610060102
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  • 196
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    Incremental constitutive law for sands and clays: Simulations of monotonic and cyclic tests (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 6 (1982), S. 243-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 0363-9061
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Notes: An incremental formulation of constitutive laws is first presented and the fundamental notion of incremental non-linearity, necessary for the description of cyclic behaviour of soils, is emphasized.The incremental constitutive law for soils and its principal assumptions, which make it more general than the classical elastic-plastic models are detailed.The constitutive parameters of Hostun sand and Grundite clay are then given, as well as a comparison of theoretical results with experimental axisymmetrical and true triaxial measurements (Hostun sand tests at Grenoble and Grundite clay tests at Berkeley). Different cyclic behaviour simulations are presented, as well as an example of cyclic liquefaction of Monterey loose sand. Finally, a simple shear test is simulated.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610060209
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  • 197
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    New section (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 6 (1982), S. i 
    Details
    ISSN: 0363-9061
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610060302
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  • 198
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    Masthead (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 6 (1982) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0363-9061
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610060401
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  • 199
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    Finite-element modelling of folding and faulting (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 6 (1982), S. 425-440 
    Details
    ISSN: 0363-9061
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Notes: The paper is concerned with the finite-element modelling of geologic phenomena. More specifically, the paper presents numerical models of folding and sait doming. A (penalty-) finite-element model based on the equations governing a viscous incompressible fluid is used to simulate the folding is used to simulate the folding of a viscous layer in a less viscous matrix and the salt dome formation, and to predict the location of active faulting and deformation in prograding delta systems on continentalmargins. The initiation and development of drape folding and associated faulting are also modelled. The United States continental margin of the Gulf of Mexico is used as an example of prograding delta system. The finite-element predictions seem to agreewith the published results.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610060405
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  • 200
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    Finite-element modelling of fracture density in single layer folds (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 6 (1982), S. 441-459 
    Details
    ISSN: 0363-9061
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Notes: The present study is a continuation of the numerical modelling of geologic structures by the authors (see J. N. Reddy et al., Finite-element modelling of folding and faulting, this journal). The present paper is concerned with the computation of the stress and fracture density distributions in single layer folds by the finite-element method. It was found that variations in fracture patterns are related to several variables: (i) the viscosity of the competent layer, (ii) the ratio of the viscosity of the competent layer to the viscosity of the matrix, (iii) the cohesive strength of the material, and (iv) the boundary velocities during deformation. The fracture prediction is based on the Mohr-Coulomb criterion, which is a function of the stresses only. Prediction of fracture density is based on a function of the strain energy. It is found that there is a good correlation between the computer predicted fractures and the fracture pattern produced by the expermental buckiing of rock-beams. Itis, concluded that the viscosity ratio controls the location of fractures in single layer folds.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610060406
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