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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrathin Si buffer layers to improve the exchange bias between Ni–Fe and FeMn layers (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 4934-4936 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ni–Fe/FeMn bilayers were deposited by using dual ion beam sputtering apparatus. In order to promote (111) orientation in γ-FeMn layers and to exhibit exchange bias field Hex, Si and/or silicon nitride (Si3N4) layers were deposited as buffer layers. Although silicon nitride (Si3N4) buffer layers did not improve (111) orientation in FeMn layers, as well as in Ni–Fe layers, an amorphous Si buffer layer only 1 nm thick improved (111) orientation in FeMn layers and increased Hex to above 100 Oe. FeMn/Ni–Fe bilayers deposited on Si(0.5 nm)/Si3N4(1 nm) bilayered buffer layer also exhibited high Hex of about 130 Oe. This result implies that the ultrathin a-Si buffer layer was effective in improving (111) orientation in Ni–Fe layers. Very thin Si/Si3N4 bilayers may be applicable as dielectric layers in tunneling magnetoresistive spin valve devices. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.370050
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of a fluorescent x-ray source for medical imaging : Proceedings of the 5th international conference on synchrotron radiation instrumentation (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 1981-1983 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A fluorescent x-ray source for medical imaging, such as K-edge subtraction angiography and monochromatic x-ray CT, has been developed. Using a 6.5 GeV accumulation ring in Tsukuba, fluorescent x rays, which range from about 30 to 70 keV are generated by irradiating several target materials. Measurements have been made of output intensities and energy spectra for different target angles and extraction angles. The intensities of fluorescent x rays at a 30 mA beam current are on the order of 1–3×106 photons/mm2/s at 30 cm from the local spot where the incident beam is collimated to 1 mm2. A phantom which contains three different contrast media (iodine, barium, gadolinium) was used for the K-edge energy subtraction, and element selective CT images were obtained. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145776
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nonlinear dynamics in the Cournot modelwithout full information (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 89 (1999), S. 165-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract A Cournot model with an arbitrary nonlinear demand function and where firms do notobserve their rival's actions directly is shown to allow mistaken beliefs to persist. Thesealter the original equilibrium state and, in a range of beliefs, destroy its stability and createcycles. The dynamics of the Cournot model are therefore fundamentally affected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018919522127
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Markov Perfect Equilibria for a classof capital accumulation games (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 89 (1999), S. 215-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract We formulate a class of dynamic games which consists of so‐called capital accumulationgames. In such games, rival firms invest strategically in a stock of physical capital. Thecapital stocks of all firms in the industry are the state variables of the game and firms usethe rate of change of the capital stocks as their control variables. It is assumed that currentprofits of a firm are not only dependent on the firm's own capital stock, but also on thestock of capital of the rival firm. We prove existence of multiple Markov Perfect Equilibria(MPE) and study their qualitative characteristics. It turns out that there exist two differenttypes of equilibria: a strict equilibrium that is degenerate and coincides with the uniqueopen‐loop one and so‐called indifferent equilibria that are non‐strict. For both types, westudy the equilibrium dynamics. While the strict equilibrium is characterized by simpleequilibrium dynamics, the indifferent equilibria may exhibit complex dynamic behaviour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018927723944
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mitochondrial DNA analysis ofExophiala spinifera (1995)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 131 (1995), S. 67-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Exophiala spinifera ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Restriction fragment length polymorphism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was examined in 36 isolates ofExophiala spinifera (8 isolates from Brazil, 9 from China, 15 from Columbia, 1 from the United States and 2 from Venezuela).E. spinifera isolates displayed a high degree of mtDNA diversity in RFLP patterns and were clustered into six genetically heterogeneous groups (Group 1 through Group 6). Isolates of Group 2 including the type strain seemed to have a worldwide distribution. RFLP patterns ofE. spinifera were also distinct from those of other dematiaceous fungi, such asE. jeanselmei, E. moniliae, E. dermatitidis, Fonsecaea pedrosoi, Cladosporium carrionii andPhialophora verrucosa. These results indicate thatE. spinifera may be a taxonomic complex and that RFLP patterns will be useful in the identification, typing and epidemiology of theE. spinifera variants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01102880
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurements of powder snow avalanche- nature - (1995)
    Springer
    Surveys in geophysics 16 (1995), S. 649-660 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0956
    Keywords: Powder snow avalanche ; growth rate of snow cloud ; air movement ; suspension criterion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Snow cloud growth rates of powder snow avalanche were obtained with analysing the pictures recorded in Ryggfonn, Norway. Although results showed wide scattering, as far as the data obtained in runout zone are concerned, they roughly agreed with the water tank experiments by Beghin and Olagne (1991). Air movement in snow avalanche cloud was measured with an ultra-sonic anemometer in Kurobe Canyon, Japan. It showed rising current existed near the front and downward at the trail. Comparing with drifting snow threshold and particle suspension criterion, entrainment, suspension and deposition of snow particles in the snow cloud were discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00665745
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rupture of a pancreatic pseudocyst into the portal venous system (1999)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 24 (1999), S. 494-496 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Pancreatitis—Pseudocyst—Endoscopic retrograde pancreaticocholangiography—Doppler sonography.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Pseudocyst formation is a well-known complication of acute or chronic pancreatitis. We report a case in which pseudocyst ruptured into the splenic and portal veins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900547
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lymphocytic hypophysitis presenting with diabetes insipidus: MR findings (1999)
    Springer
    European radiology 9 (1999), S. 1397-1400 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Pituitary gland ; Lymphocytic hypophysitis ; Lymphocytic adenohypophysitis ; Lymphocytic infundibulo-neurohypophysitis ; Diabetes insipidus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. It has been thought that neurohypophysial involvement manifesting as central diabetes insipidus in lymphocytic hypophysitis is rare. The radiological and clinicopathological features of two cases represent a variant of lymphocytic adenohypophysitis and/or lymphocytic infundibulo-neurohypophysitis are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003300050855
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distributions of Water Masses and Currents in Tachibana Bay, West of Ari-ake Sound, Kyushu, Japan (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of oceanography 55 (1999), S. 515-529 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-868X
    Keywords: Tachibana Bay ; water exchange ; T-S diagram ; tidal residual current ; ghost shrimp larvae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract We have investigated the water mass distribution and circulation in Tachibana Bay, which is located in the junction area between Ari-ake Sound and Amakusa-Nada in western Kyushu, Japan. This was done to clarify the mechanism by which ghost shrimp larvae, originating from a sandflat of Amakusa-Shimoshima Island, are transported. Temperature and salinity data repeatedly obtained over the area of Tachibana Bay show that relatively low salinity water lies over northern part of the bay, while high salinity water lies over southern part of the bay. The location of the low salinity water margin tends to depend on the amount of rainfall several days before the observation. A large amount of rainfall makes a clear boundary between low and high salinity waters. Current velocity data indicate an eastward mean flow just north of Tomioka, northern tip of Amakusa-Shimoshima Island, and a clockwise mean flow approaching the Tomioka Bay sandflat, which should be suitable for the on-shore transport of the ghost shrimp postlarvae. Current measurements with shipboard ADCP just west of Hayasaki Strait, at the entrance of Ari-ake Sound, show that a westward tidal residual current tends to incline to the north, with evidence of a density current in the northern part of the western Hayasaki Strait.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007891424160
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conidial surface ultrastructure of human-pathogenic and saprobicCladosporium species (1995)
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 68 (1995), S. 51-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: Cladosporium ; conidial surface ; conidial ultrastructure ; freeze-fracturing ; pathogenic species ; rodlets
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Freeze-fracturing of outer wall layers ofCladosporium conidia revealed two types of ultrastructure, coinciding with taxonomic characteristics. The outer conidial layers were essentially smooth in the human pathogenic species,C. bantianum, C. carrionii, andC. trichoides. In contrast, mosaic arrays of rodlets on conidia were observed with freeze-fracturing in the saprobic species,C. cladosporioides, C. coralloides, C. herbarum, C. sphaerospermum, andC. variabile. Conidia ofC. elatum were an exception among the saprobic species as they had smooth surfaces. The present study supports the suggestion that the human pathogenicCladosporium species should be transferred to another genus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00873292
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