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  • 2000-2004  (209)
  • Magnetic resonance imaging  (66)
  • MRI  (41)
  • apoptosis  (35)
  • Immunohistochemistry  (33)
  • Rat  (20)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
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Year
Keywords
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Environmental modulation of the response to amphetamine: dissociation between changes in behavior and changes in dopamine and glutamate overflow in the rat striatal complex (2000)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 151 (2000), S. 166-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Keywords Novelty ; Context ; Environment ; Stress ; 6-OHDA ; Rotational behavior ; Striatum ; Nucleus accumbens shell ; Caudate ; Amphetamine ; Dopamine ; Glutamate ; Aspartate ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Rationale: We have previously shown that environmental novelty enhances the behavioral activating effects of amphetamine and amphetamine-induced expression of the immediate early gene c-fos in the striatal complex, particularly in the most caudal portion of the caudate. In contrast, we found no effect of novelty on the ability of amphetamine to induce dopamine (DA) overflow in the rostral caudate or in the core of the nucleus accumbens. Objectives: The twofold aim of the present study was to determine the effect of environmental novelty on (1) amphetamine-induced DA overflow in the shell of the nucleus accumbens and in the caudal portions of the caudate, and (2) glutamate and aspartate overflow in the caudal portions of the caudate. Methods: Two groups of rats with a unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesion of the mesostriatal dopaminergic system received amphetamine (0.5 mg/kg, i.v.) in physically identical cages. For one group, the cages were also the home environment, whereas, for the other group, they were a completely novel environment. In vivo microdialysis was used to estimate DA, glutamate, and aspartate concentrations. Results: Environmental novelty enhanced amphetamine-induced rotational behavior (experiments 1–3) but did not alter amphetamine-induced DA overflow in either the shell of the nucleus accumbens (experiment 1) or the caudate (experiment 2). In addition, the ability of environmental novelty to enhance amphetamine-induced behavioral activation was not associated with changes in glutamate or aspartate efflux in the caudate (experiment 3). Conclusions: The present data indicate that the psychomotor activating effects of amphetamine can be modulated by environmental context independent of its primary neuropharmacological actions in the striatal complex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002139900359
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carotid atherosclerosis and cerebral white matter lesions in a population based magnetic resonance imaging study (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 247 (2000), S. 291-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Key words Leukoaraiosis ; Aged ; Atherosclerosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Carotid artery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cerebral white matter lesions are frequently observed on magnetic resonance imaging of elderly, nondemented persons. There is evidence that white matter lesions are involved in the pathophysiology of cognitive decline and dementia. White matter lesions can be divided into those in the periventricular and those in the subcortical region. Pathological and epidemiological studies suggest that atherosclerosis is involved in the pathogenesis of these lesions. Our study reports on the association between atherosclerosis in the carotid arteries and white matter lesions in a population-based study among 1077 elderly subjects. We randomly sampled 1077 subjects aged between 60–90 years from two prospective population-based studies. All subjects underwent ultrasonography of the carotid artery. In addition, 1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging was performed; white matter lesions in the subcortical and periventricular regions were rated separately. With increasing number of plaques in the carotid artery the severity of periventricular white matter lesions increased (P trend = 0.03), but not the severity of subcortical white matter lesions (P trend = 0.19). In addition, an increase in intima media thickness was borderline significantly associated with an increased severity of periventricular white matter lesions (P trend = 0.09), but not of subcortical white matter lesions (P trend = 0.68). These findings suggest that partly dissimilar pathogenetic mechanisms are involved in the etiology of periventricular and subcortical white matter lesions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004150050586
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MR imaging of clear cell sarcoma (malignant melanoma of the soft parts): a multicenter correlative MRI-pathology study of 21 cases and literature review (2000)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 29 (2000), S. 187-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Clear cell sarcoma ; Malignant melanoma of soft parts ; MRI ; Magnetic resonance ; Neoplasm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Objective. To evaluate MR imaging and pathology findings in order to define the characteristic features of clear cell sarcoma of the soft tissues (malignant melanoma of the soft parts). Design and patients. MR examinations of 21 patients with histologically proven clear cell sarcoma of the musculoskeletal system were retrospectively reviewed and assessed for shape, homogeneity, delineation, signal intensities on T1- and T2-weighted images, contrast enhancement, relationship with adjacent fascia or tendon, secondary bone involvement, and intratumoral necrosis. In 19 cases the pathology findings were available for review and for a comparative MR-pathology study. Results. On T1-weighted images, lesions were isointense (n=3), hypointense (n=7) or slightly hyperintense to muscle (n=11). Immunohistochemical examination was performed in 17 patients. All 17 specimens showed positivity for HMB-45 antibody. In nine of 11 lesions with slightly increased signal intensity on T1-weighted images, a correlative MR imaging-pathology study was possible. All nine were positive to HMB-45 antibody. Conclusions. Clear cell sarcoma of the musculoskeletal system often has a benign-looking appearance on MR images. In up to 52% of patients, this lesion with melanocytic differentiation has slightly increased signal intensity on T1-weighted images compared with muscle. As the presence of this relative higher signal intensity on T1-weighted images is rather specific for tumors displaying melanocytic differentiation, radiologists should familiarize themselves with this rare entity and include it in their differential diagnosis when confronted with a well-defined, homogeneous, strongly enhancing mass with slightly higher signal intensity compared with muscle on native T1-weighted images.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002560050592
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Malignant adenomyoepithelioma of the breast with metastasis in the thyroid gland 12 years after excision of the primary tumor (2000)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 436 (2000), S. 158-166 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words Breast ; Adenomyoepithelioma ; Metastasis ; Thyroid ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  We describe a patient who was admitted to our hospital with an enlarged left lobe of the thyroid gland. Since fine-needle aspiration showed atypical follicular cells, a surgical exploration followed. Owing to extensive tumor infiltration into the surrounding tissues curative surgery was not possible, and only an incisional biopsy was taken. Histological examination of this biopsy revealed a mixed tumor composed of epithelial and myoepithelial cells. A primary thyroid tumor, metastasis of a salivary gland, and a skin appendage tumor could be excluded based on clinical examination, conventional histology, and immunohistochemistry. A tumor of the left breast treated 12 years earlier had originally been classified as an intraductal/intracystic carcinoma with focal invasion, but was re-examined. Using immunohistochemistry, the breast tumor was reclassified as a malignant adenomyoepithelioma. The current tumor was apparently a metastasis from this primary breast tumor. An updated review of the literature is given, including current knowledge on histological and immunohistochemical features of adenomyoepithelioma of the breast, with special attention to the reported pathological characteristics of recurrent and malignant tumors. Based on the reported pathological characteristics of recurrent and metastatic tumors we offer a diagnostic tool for identifying potentially malignant and recurrent tumors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00008216
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of Molecular Weight Distribution of Lignin Derivatives by Aqueous Phase High Performance Size Exclusion Chromatography (HPSEC) (2000)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 23 (2000), S. 693-696 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: High performance size exclusion chromatography ; molecular weight ; lignin derivatives ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---No abstract
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solitary fibrous tumour of the adrenal gland associated with pregnancy (2000)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 437 (2000), S. 445-449 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Keywords Solitary fibrous tumour ; Adrenal gland ; Pregnancy ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Solitary fibrous tumour (SFT), first described as a pleural lesion, has been reported in several extrathoracic sites over the past 10 years. We describe a SFT of the left adrenal gland incidentally discovered in a 23-year-old, 22-week pregnant woman and characterised by a rapid growth during the third trimester of pregnancy. Elevated serum and urinary levels of cortisol and elevated blood levels of delta 4 androstendione and 17-OH progesterone were observed. After spontaneous delivery, the patient underwent laparoscopic resectioning of the mass and of the left adrenal gland from which the tumour was apparently originating. The kidney was not involved, and no other abdominal tumours were found. Histological and immunohistochemical features were typical of SFT of pleura and other locations. Only one case of adrenal SFT is on record, and the adrenal gland is to be added to the long list of extrathoracic locations of SFT. The association with pregnancy was a previously unrecognised event in SFT. The focal expression of progesterone receptors in the tumour cells may be related to pregnancy. This observation prompted an analysis of steroid hormone receptors in SFT of classical sites (pleura). Two of five cases had focal progesterone receptors too, a finding which deserves further investigations in a much larger series of SFTs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004280000268
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiologic anatomy of the spinal dorsal horn at the cervical level (anatomic-MRI correlations) (2000)
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 22 (2000), S. 81-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Spinal cord ; Dorsal horn ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Radiologic anatomy ; Dorsal root entry zone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The spinal dorsal horn is known for its important functional role in the field of transmission and modulation of sensory afferents. Because of this, the dorsal horn represents a target for numerous analgesic and antispastic procedures. Thus, it would be interesting to develop imaging dedicated to this spinal structure. The purpose of this study was to investigate the radiologic anatomy of the cervical dorsal horn by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (1.5T). The first step consisted in the validation of the anatomic information provided by MRI on 5 human cadavers. A spin-echo sequence (T2, 2000/45) enabled the demonstration of good correlations between histologic sections and axial MRI slices performed at the corresponding cervical levels. The second step was the 〈〈in vivo〈〈 exploration of 20 subjects, aiming at the development of a gradient echo sequence (T2*) with a conventional MRI unit, compatible with a routine clinical examination. The dorsal horn was clearly identified in 77% of the axial slices performed (n = 300). The angle between the dorsal horn axis and the sagittal plane was measured as from 25.5˚ at C2 to 40˚ at C8 segments. The results of this anatomico-radiologic study of the cervical dorsal horn suggest that preoperative MRI could be useful to design the surgical approach to this structure, as performed during cervical microsurgical drezotomy (DREZ = dorsal root entry zone) for the treatment of selected cases of chronic pain or disabling spasticity in the upper limbs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00276-000-0081-8
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heterotopia in microcephaly induced by cytosine arabinoside: hippocampus in the neocortex (2000)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 100 (2000), S. 403-408 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Cytosine arabinoside ; Heterotopia ; Microcephaly ; Hippocampus ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Pregnant mice were injected intraperitoneally with cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) on days 13.5 and 14.5 of pregnancy. The brains of their offspring were studied histologically and histochemically. In addition to dysgenic microcephaly, nodular structures consisting of cells with a relatively homogeneous morphology were observed in the depths of the cerebral cortex. The cell clusters were first seen around postnatal day 4, and had a cellular continuity with the disarrayed pyramidal cell layer in the CA1 region of the hippocampus. Golgi-Cox staining showed a number of pyramidal-shaped cells in the clusters. Morphologically, they resembled the pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus. Immunohistochemical examination, using anti-serotonin or anti-tyrosine hydroxylase antibodies, also indicated similarities between the cell clusters and the pyramidal cell layer. It is, therefore, proposed that the cell clusters consisted of heterotopic pyramidal cells of the hippocampus. A few synaptic structures could already be detected in the heterotopic cell clusters on postnatal day 3 by electron microscopy. This early establishment of synaptic contact with related neurons may have caused the heterotopic localization of the pyramidal cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010000205
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Uterine endometrial stromal sarcoma located in uterine myometrium: MRI appearance (2000)
    Springer
    European radiology 10 (2000), S. 780-782 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Uterus ; Endometrial stromal sarcoma ; Uterine myometrium ; Uterine leiomyoma ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Two cases of uterine endometrial stromal sarcoma whose main mass was located in uterine myometrium are reported. They mimicked uterine leiomyoma with cystic degeneration or uterine leiomyosarcoma. Endometrial stromal sarcoma should be suggested in the differential diagnosis of mass lesion in uterine myometrium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003300051004
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MRI of intracranial toxoplasmosis after bone marrow transplantation (2000)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 42 (2000), S. 14-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Bone marrow, transplantation ; Toxoplasmosis, cerebral ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Toxoplasma encephalitis was confirmed by biopsy in three patients with bone marrow (BMT) or peripheral blood stem-cell transplantation (PBSCT). All had MRI before antimicrobial therapy. The intensity of contrast enhancement was very variable. One patient had one large, moderately enhancing cerebral lesion and several smaller almost nonenhancing lesions. The second had small nodular and haemorrhagic lesions without any enhancement. The third had late cerebral toxoplasmosis and showed multiple lesions with marked contrast enhancement. The moderate or absent contrast enhancement in the two patients in the early phase of cerebral toxoplasmosis may be related to a poor immunological response, with a low white blood cell count in at least one patient. Both received higher doses of prednisone than the patient with late infection, leading to a reduced inflammatory response. In patients with a low leukocyte count and/or high doses of immunosuppressive therapy, typical contrast enhancement may be absent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340050003
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