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  • 1980-1984  (2)
  • 1975-1979  (2)
  • Glutathione peroxidase  (3)
  • Essential fatty acids
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 54 (1976), S. 415-422 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Hyperlipoproteinemia type I ; Familial hyperlipidemia ; Diet therapy in hyperlipoproteinemias ; Lipoprotein lipase ; Medium chain triglycerides ; Essential fatty acids ; Hyperlipoproteinämie Typ I ; Familiäre Hyperlipidämie ; Diättherapie bei Hyperlipoproteinämie ; Lipoproteinlipase ; Mittelkettige Fettsäuren ; Essentielle Fettsäuren
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Der therapeutische Effekt verschiedener Diäten mit unterschiedlichen Relationen von lang- und mittelkettigem Fett, Kohlenhydraten und Eiweiß wurde bei zwei Geschwistern mit Hyperlipoproteinämie Typ I untersucht. Eine Normalisierung der TG-Werte konnte trotz extrem fettarmer Kost (〈5 g täglich) nicht erreicht werden, da es infolge der relativ kohlenhydratreichen Diät und wahrscheinlich auch wegen der Gabe von MCT zu einer starken Vermehrung der prä-β-Lipoproteine kam. Da es sich um eine lebenslange Therapie handelt, müssen die Risiken einer normal fetthaltigen Kost — vor allem rezidivierende Pankreatitiden durch die exzessiven Chylomikronenspiegel — gegen die einer fettreduzierten und kohlenhydrat-und MCT-reichen Kost — erhöhtes Atheroskleroserisiko durch Hyperpräbetalipoproteinämie — abgewogen werden. Daher erscheinen uns folgende diätetische Richtlinien sinnvoll: 1. Reduktion des langkettigen Fetts auf weniger als 30 g pro Tag, wobei besonders auf eine genügende Linolsäurezufuhr (4–6 g täglich) zu achten ist. 2. Der Kohlenhydratanteil sollte 50 Kalorienprozent nicht überschreiten und vor allem aus Stärke bestehen. 3. Das so entstehende Kaloriendefizit sollte vor allem durch Protein gedeckt werden, was durch spezielle Eiweißanreicherung einzelner Nahrungsmittel möglich ist. 4. Nur bei Schwierigkeiten bei der Einhaltung der eiweißreichen Kost sollte der Einsatz mittelkettigen Fetts erwogen werden.
    Notes: Summary The therapeutic effect of different diets varying in long chain and medium chain triglycerides, carbohydrate, and protein was tested in two siblings with type I hyperlipoproteinemia. Despite administration of an extremely fat reduced diet (〈5 g daily), a normalization of plasma TG could not be obtained because—as a consequence of its high carbohydrate and/or its MCT content—it resulted in a considerable increase in pre-β-lipoproteins. As life long dietary therapy has to be maintained, the risks of a normal fat containing diet (mainly bouts of pancreatitis) and those of a carbohydrate and MCT rich diet (premature atherosclerosis) are to be carefully considered. On the basis of our data we therefore suggest the following dietary regimen: 1. Reduced intake of long chain triglycerides (less than 30 gms per day), but with sufficient amounts of essential fatty acids (4–6 gms linoleate daily). 2. The carbohydrates should not exceed 50% of total calories and ought to consist mainly of starch. 3. The caloric deficit thus generated should be balanced by a high protein intake. This is facilitated by applying a specially protein-enriched food. 4. Medium chain triglycerides may be necessary when adherence to the protein-rich diet turns out to be bad.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Selenium ; Glutathione peroxidase ; Selenium deficiency ; Selenium supplementation ; Nutrition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The diets of 5 patients with phenylketonuria or maple-syrup-urine disease were supplemented with yeast which was rich in selenium. For 120 days the patients received 45 μg Se/day to increase the Se content of their diets to 10–12ng Se/Kjoule. Before supplementation the selenium content of serum (5–15 ng/ml) and whole blood (10–27 ng/ml), and the activity of the erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (0.19–2.69 U37/g Hb), amounted to only 10–20% of normal. The serum selenium content reached normal values within 4 weeks of supplementation, followed by normalisation of the selenium content of whole blood within 4–8 weeks. Restoration of the activity of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase took 9 to 15 weeks —the red cell life span. There was a significant positive correlation between the selenium content of the erythrocytes and the activity of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Selenium ; Supplementation ; Plasma ; Glutathione peroxidase ; Glutathione S-transferase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The plasma glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) activity was measured in normal adults and children and in patients with reduced selenium state because of dietary treatment of metabolic diseases (phenylketonuria or maple-syrup-urine disease) before and after selenium supplementation. Besides GSHPx (measured with t-butyl hydroperoxide, cumene hydroperoxide and hydrogen peroxide as acceptor substrates) the activity of glutathione S-transferase was estimated in plasma. Plasma GSHPx activity in healthy children was significantly lower than in healthy adults. In 11 dietetically treated patients with phenylketonuria or maple-syrup-urine disease the plasma GSHPx was reduced to about 17% of the values of healthy children of the same age. No glutathione S-transferase activity could be found in plasma of children in normal or reduced Se state. During administration of yeast rich in Se (200μg Se/d) for 90 days 2 healthy adults showed no significant change of plasma GSHPx activity. During Se supplementation (75–100μg Se/d) for 120–163 days 5 dietetically treated patients with PKU or MSUD exhibited a significant increase of plasma GSHPx activity within 2 days. The values reached a plateau after 1 to 3 weeks of supplementation and remained at this level within the following 4 to 5 months. Therefore, the activity of plasma glutathione peroxidase can be used as an indicator of short-term changes of selenium intake in selenium deficient individuals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 125 (1977), S. 81-88 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Selenium ; Glutathione peroxidase ; Normal values ; Blood ; Infants ; Children ; Milk ; Nutrition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The selenium concentration of serum is age-dependent. The median value at birth ( $$\tilde x$$ =50×10−9g/ml) amounts to half of the median value of adults ( $$\tilde x$$ =102×10−9g/ml). After a decrease in early infancy to $$\tilde x$$ =34×10−9g/ml it steadily increases to $$\tilde x$$ =58×10−9g/ml in the second half of the first year, to $$\tilde x$$ =82×10−9g/ml in 1–5 year old children, and to $$\tilde x$$ =92×10−9g/ml in school children. The activities of the selenium containing enzyme glutathione peroxidase of erythrocytes are also reduced in early infancy (x=7.2±0.36 U37/g Hb), whereas the enzyme activities of cord blood erythrocytes (x=8.72±0.76 U37/g Hb) are in the same range as those of older children or adults. The selenium content of some commercially available milk formulas for infants are lower than those of human and cow's milk.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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