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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clonal variation in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia at early and late relapse detected by analyses of phenotype and genotype (1988)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 147 (1988), S. 503-507 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia ; Relapse ; Clonality ; Gene rearrangement
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To increase our knowledge of the clonal relationship of leukaemia relapse, the genotypes and phenotypes of ten children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) were examined at initial diagnosis and relapse. Seven patients were phenotyped as common ALL, two as mixed, and one as T-cell ALL (T-ALL). Comparative analyses of immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy and light chain as well as T-cell receptor β-chain (Tβ) sequences revealed clonal variations, i.e. appearance of a novel or an evoluted leukaemic cell clone in five patients coinciding with the loss of common acute lymphoblastic leukaemic antigen (CALLA) in four cases, irrespective of early or late relapse. Conversion of early B- to T-ALL or lymphoblastic to non-lymphoblastic leukaemia was not noted in any of the patients examined. Our results suggest that clonal variation is a frequent event in childhood ALL.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00441975
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rehabilitation von Patienten mit malignen Lymphomerkrankungen (2000)
    Springer
    Der Onkologe 6 (2000), S. 52-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0415
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Die Zielsetzung der onkologischen Rehabilitation besteht darin, krankheitsbedingte und/oder therapiebedingte körperliche Funktionseinschränkungen und psychosoziale Auswirkungen von Krebserkrankungen ganz oder teilweise zu kompensieren, dadurch die Lebensqualität der Betroffenen zu verbessern sowie ihre soziale Integration zu sichern oder wiederherzustellen. Bei Patienten mit malignen Lymphomen ergibt sich regelhaft die Notwendigkeit zur medizinischen Rehabilitation, denn durch die heute möglichen intensiven Therapiemaßnahmen bestehen bei vielen Patienten kurative Therapiechancen und bei palliativ behandelten Patienten ergeben sich langfristige Krankheitsverläufe.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007610050008
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Non-responsiveness to hepatitis-B vaccination: Revaccination and immunogenetic typing (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 66 (1988), S. 670-674 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Genetics ; Hepatitis-B virus ; Immunogenetics ; Vaccination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The variation in immune responses to standard inoculation of the hepatitis-B virus vaccine suggest that host factors influence response in ways that are not presently understood. We studied 25 low/nonresponding health care workers (anti-HBs titer 〈50 IU/l) after the third inoculation of an experimental hepatitis-B vaccine to determine their immune status (through lymphocyte phenotypes) and HLA type. After application of a fourth inoculation, the seroconverting subjects showed only low anti-HBs levels; three male subjects remained anti-HBs negative. Twelve months after the fourth inoculation only 9 of 25 subjects (36%) maintained anti-HBs titer 〉10 IU/l. Almost all subjects had normal B-cell and CD-4 and CD-8 counts and ratios. Relative to other European populations HLA-A-10 (P〈0.05), B-12 (P〈0.025), CW-5 (P〈0.05), DR-3 (P〈0.025), and DR-5 (P〈0.025) were increased, whereas DR-2 (P〈0.05) was decreased. However, after correction of theP-values for the number of HLA antigens determined, these differences were no longer significant. Furthermore, these HLA types were not the same as those reported in other studies (except for DR-3). We suggest that larger sample sizes or even not yet available immunogenetic markers will be required to prove an “immunogenetic background” in low/nonresponders, if it exists.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01726924
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of monoclonal antibodies as a diagnostic tool in human leukemia (1983)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 47 (1983), S. 157-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Immunological diagnosis ; Monoclonal antibodies ; Myeloid leukemia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Various monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) detecting certain different epitopes on myeloid cells (VIMD 5, D 5 D 6, OKM 1, Leu-M3, VIEG 4, OKIa 1) have been used in combination with conventional markers (antihuman myeloid hetero-antiserum, FcIgG-receptors, C3d-receptors) to further define the phenotypic heterogeneity of myeloid leukemia. Subsequent leukemic samples from previously untreated patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (51 adults, 24 children) and from nine adult patients in the acute phase of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML-BC) were studied. It was possible to demonstrate quantitative differences in the expression of antigens on the various leukemia subtypes which could be exploited for diagnosis. Furthermore our results revealed that there is a very close correlation between the different surface phenotypes and the types morphologically assessed according to FAB-criteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00320178
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    T-cell acute childhood lymphoblastic leukemia with chromosome 14q11 anomaly: a morphologic, immunologic, and cytogenetic analysis of 10 patients (1988)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 56 (1988), S. 117-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Acute childhood lymphoblastic leukemia ; T-cell immunophenotype ; Chromosome 14q11 anomaly
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Ten patients with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and a chromosome anomaly involving band 14q11 are described. Mitotic index of bone marrow blasts was high in all patients (average 3.0%). Lymphoid morphology of the leukemic blasts, however, varied somewhat among the patients. The leukemic cells of 5 patients showed an immunophenotypic profile corresponding to early or common thymic differentiation stages whereas 5 children showed strong expression of CD3 suggesting a more mature thymic phenotype. Leukemic karyotypes revealed a modal chromosome number of 46 in 9 cases, 92 in one case. A chromosome translocation t(11; 14) (p13; q11) was found in 5 cases, a t(1; 14) (p32; q11) in 2 cases, a t(10; 14) (q24; q11) in one case, a (hitherto undescribed) t(12; 14) (q22; q11) in one case, and an inv(14) (q11 q32) in one patient. Additional abnormalities were t(3; 10), t(7; 9), dup (7q), del (6q), del (10q), and del (1 q). Of 32 cases with T-cell ALL successfully karyotyped in our laboratory 15 (=47%) had structural aberrations involving chromosomes 1, 3, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 14. Ten of these 15 patients (=67%) had a chromosome 14q11 anomaly. It is concluded that chromosome band 14q11, the gene locus of the T-cell receptor α-chain, is the most common site for structural chromosome aberrations in T-cell ALL.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00320016
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    B-cell function in AIDS (1985)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 51 (1985), S. 143-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00320028
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induction of lymphokine-activated killer cells against human leukemia cells in vitro (1989)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 59 (1989), S. 21-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells ; Human leukemia ; Cytotoxicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The induction of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells against fresh human leukemia cells was investigated. Two thirds of the 62 leukemias examined were susceptible to the lytic effect of allogeneic IL-2 induced LAK cells in vitro. No substantial differences could be detected between myeloid or lymphoid leukemias or with regard to the FAB subtype or the immunophenotype. Culturing mononuclear cells from peripheral blood or bonemarrow of leukemia patients with IL-2 resulted in an expansion of residual large granular lymphocytes and development of cytotoxic activity. The combination of IL-2 with IFN-gamma or the presence of tumor cells during the activation process led to an enhancement of LAK cell cytotoxicity. These results suggest that LAK cells may be useful in the treatment of leukemia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00320242
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acute leukemia with chromosome translocation (4; 11): 7 new patients and analysis of 71 cases (1987)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 54 (1987), S. 325-335 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Acute leukemia ; (4; 11) chromosome translocation ; Early B-precursor cell origin ; Mixed lineage leukemia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Clinical and laboratory features of seven patients with acute leukemia associated with the (4; 11) chromosome translocation are presented. Leukemic blasts of these patients showed lymphoid morphology in 6 (although 1 was treated for monoblastic leukemia 3 years earlier) and monocytoid morphology in 1, were positive for TdT and HD 37 (CD 19) in 6 patients, whereas weak expression of CALLA was seen in only 1 patient and T-lineage-associated antigens in none. Leukemic blasts from four patients showed the simultaneous expression of B-lymphoid and myeloid antigens, suggesting leukemogenesis in a very early multipotent progenitor cell. In 2 patients an isochromosome of the long arm of No. 7 chromosome was found in the leukemic karyotypes in addition to t (4; 11) (q21; q23); in one instance present at diagnosis, in the other one occurring at relapse. In one other patient leukemia karyotype also demonstrated trisomy 8. Leukemic cells of three patients were investigated by molecular genetics and demonstrated immunoglobulin gene rearrangements for the Ig heavy chain sequences but not for the light chain constant regions and T cell receptor sequences. All patients were treated by intensive chemotherapy. Four of the 7 patients are in continuous complete remission. The longest event-free survival time (over 2 1/2 years) was seen in one patient who had also DOWN-syndrome. Including these 7 patients a clinical analysis of 71 patients with t (4; 11) acute leukemia was made, emphasizing the following characteristics at diagnosis: female sex (62%), age under 2 years (49%), leukocyte count over 100×109/1 (61%), splenomegaly (80%), CNS-disease (11%). Survival of over 2 years was reported in less than 15% of the patients. It remains to be seen if risk-adapted treatment can alter the course of this early B-precursor acute leukemia with hitherto very bad prognosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00626012
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunophenotype and clinical characteristics of CD45-negative and CD45-positive childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (1998)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 77 (1998), S. 107-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Key words Childhood ALL ; Immunophenotype ; Leukocyte Common Antigen ; CD45
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  To evaluate the expression pattern of the leukocyte common antigen CD45 in acute leukemias and to investigate whether the lack of CD45 expression in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is associated with other immunophenotypic features and a distinct clinical behavior, we have carried out extensive immunophenotypic analyses of bone marrow and peripheral blood samples from 638 patients with childhood B-cell precursor (n=529) or T-lineage ALL (n=109). All 638 patients were enrolled in the German ALL-BFM 90 and ALL-BFM 95 trials. CD45 was detected on the surface of childhood ALL cells (cut-off ≥20% positive cells) in only 88.7% (n=566) of all cases. Among 529 patients with childhood B-cell precursor ALL, 12.9% (n=68) did not express CD45, compared with only 3.7% (n=4) of patients with childhood T-lineage ALL (p〈0.001). In the B-cell precursor ALL subtypes, the highest frequency of CD45- cases (15.1%) was observed in common ALL (56/372) compared with only 7.2% in pro-B ALL (3/41) and 7.8% in pre-B ALL (9/116). Assessment of clinical parameters (age, organ enlargement, WBC, etc.) and event-free survival did not reveal significant differences between CD45- and CD45+ patients. Myeloid antigen coexpression was not correlated with CD45 expression. The mean percentage of antigen expression for CD34, CD10, TdT, CD22, and CD24 was significantly higher in children with CD45- B-cell precursor ALL than in those with CD45+ B-cell precursor ALL. In 28 patients with B-cell precursor ALL, cell cycle analyses of freshly isolated leukemic cells were performed with propidium iodide (PI) staining and flow-cytometric analysis. The percentage of cells in S-phase was inversely correlated to the percentage of CD45+ cells (r=-0.48, p〈0.05). With two-parameter analysis of CD45-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)- and PI-stained cells in nine patients with a percentage of CD45+ cells between 40 and 60%, two populations were distinguishable in a single patient. It was shown that the CD45- subpopulation had a higher percentage of cells in S-phase than the CD45+ subpopulation (10.7±4.0 vs. 2.7±1.8, p〈0.007). We conclude that the lack of CD45 expression contributes to the identification of a distinct functional and immunological subgroup of B-cell precursor ALL, but that it has no significant impact on clinical behavior or on therapy outcome in childhood ALL.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002770050424
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intracellular expression of CD61 precedes surface expression (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 78 (1999), S. 472-474 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Key words AML ; FAB-M7 ; Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia ; Cytoplasmic CD61
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  We report a case of acute myeloid leukemia which we have classified as acute megakaryoblastic leukemia because of intracytoplasmic expression of CD61. Light microscopy demonstrated agranular blasts which, by cytochemical staining, were negative for myeloperoxidase. Using flow cytometry, the blast cells were seen to be positive for HLA-DR, CD7, CD13, CD33, and CD34, thus revealing their myeloid origin. Immunophenotyping on fixed blood smears additionally showed positive reaction with the CD61 antibody, demonstrating the megakaryoblastic differentiation of the blasts. After permeabilization of the cell membrane, the intracytoplasmic CD61 expression was confirmed by flow cytometry. Cytogenetic analysis disclosed a del(7)(q21–22). Our findings suggest that cytoplasmic expression of CD61 may precede the cell-surface expression of this antigen and should therefore be investigated in all cases of acute leukemias with undifferentiated morphology and negative cytochemistry to set apart early FAB-M7 from FAB-M0.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002770050601
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