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  • 1
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Lipopolysaccharide ; Interleukin 13 ; Pyrexia ; Flezelastine ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of the novel antiasthmatic/antiallergic compound flezelastine on LPS-induced actions were investigatedin vitro andin vivo. In monocytes, IL-1β generation stimulated by LPS was inhibited dose dependently.In vivo, LPS-induced fever in rats, which is at least partly driven by the release of IL-1β, was also inhibited by flezelastine. These findings suggest that flezelastine inhibits IL-1 synthesis and/or releasein vitro andin vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Inflammation research 32 (1991), S. 24-33 
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Inflammation research 49 (2000), S. 639-654 
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Key words: Animals – Models – Asthma – Allergy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Due to the continuous increase in prevalence and morbidity in asthma, there is an urgent need to improve present therapy by drugs with new modes of actions. In contrast to many human diseases, allergic asthma does not occur in the animal world. Therefore, we have to mimic some characteristic feature of asthma in animals. For this reason, a wide variety of animal models have been developed and are employed in the search for new chemical entities for asthma therapy. In the present paper, the experimental models of the most characteristic asthma symptoms are critically reviewed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Inflammation research 31 (1990), S. 229-236 
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of azelastine, an orally effective antiasthmatic/antiallergic drug, on the generation of oxygenderived free radicals in phagocytes was investigated using different chemiluminescence-assays. The chemiluminescence (CL) of both human polymorphonuclear granulocytes (PMNL) and guinea-pig alveolar macrophages (AM) was induced either by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) or zymosan and amplified either by lucigenin or DMNH (7-dimethylamino-naphthalene-1,2-dicarbonic-acidhydrazide). The inhibitory effect of azelastine was dependent on the inducer employed and the condition and type of cells used. Azelastine reduced PMA-induced CL concentration-dependently in both PMNL (IC30=3.9 μM) and AM (IC30=9.8 μM). In AM zymosan-induced CL was inhibited 21.7% by 10 μM azelastine, whereas in PMNL it remained unchanged up to 10 μM azelastine. Azelastine has a significantly stronger inhibitory effect (IC30=4.2 μM) on oxygen free radical generation in AM primed by fetal calf serum than in unprimed AM. Based on present results it is likely that azelastine inhibitis oxygen-derived free radical generation by interaction with protein kinase C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Inflammation research 32 (1991), S. 56-58 
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Pre-treatment with NOSAC led to an increase of ulcer index in a dose-dependent manner indicating the aggravation of gastric lesions under the influence of NOSAC. The severity of mucosal lesions was diminished by lengthening the time between the last day of pre-treatment with NOSAC and the day on which ulcers were induced. When NOSAC were administered after the induction of gastric ulcers, the healing of the latter was significantly delayed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Inflammation research 10 (1980), S. 411-416 
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The inhibition of pepsin secretion by metiamide and atropine was studied by perfusing the stomach lumen of anaesthetized rats. Atropine was more effective than metiamide in the inhibition of pepsin secretion induced by pentagastrin or carbachol. Perfusion of the stomach wich a weak acid solution stimulated pepsin secretion, which was only abolished by atropine. Metiamide was ineffective. It is postulated that (1) hydrogen ions probably stimulate pepsin secretion, (2) a cholinergic-like reflex may be involved in this stimulation, (3) anticholinergics are direct and strong inhibitors of pepsin secretion, (4) histamine H2-receptor antagonists probably inhibit pepsin secretion indirectly via reduction of acid output.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Inflammation research 18 (1986), S. 372-374 
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of Al(OH)3 was investigated on the gastric bleeding induced by acetylsalicylic acid+HCl. Cats provided with Heidenhain pouches were used. The pouch had vascular connections to the main stomach. Instillation of acidified acetylsalicylic acid into the pouch caused a marked increase in its blood content indicating the development of hemorrhagic mucosal damages. The blood loss was totally abolished by administration of Al(OH)3 into the main stomach. We, therefore, conclude that Al(OH)3 induced an enhanced release of PGE2 into the submucosa. PGE2 reached the pouch via connecting vessels originated from the main stomach. The results indicate that certain antacids induce the release of prostaglandins not only into the gastric lumen but also in the submucosa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract These experimental studies were conducted to obtain information about the antinociceptive action of flupirtine within the central nervous system. Flupirtine dose-dependently increased pain threshold in the electrostimulated pain test in mice. Its antinociceptive activity was attenuated by simultaneous administration of the noradrenergica 1/a 2-antagonist yohimbine anda 2-antagonist idazoxane. By contrast, the analgesia induced by codeine or morphine was not influenced bya 2-adrenergic antagonists at all. A striking resemblance could be observed in the pharmaco-EEG of freely moving rats treated with clonidine and flupirtine, respectively. The present results are consistent with the hypothesis that the noradrenergic descending pain-modulating system might be involved in the antinociceptive mode of action of flupirtine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 41 (1978), S. 99-105 
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Rat ; Method ; Gastric ulceration ; Distention of stomach ; Stress ; Anti-inflammatory drugs ; Ulcerogenic side effect
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Das sog. „distention“-Ulkus wurde an Albinoratten untersucht und als neue Möglichkeit für die Feststellung ulzerogener Nebenwirkungen von Substanzen beschrieben. Die Dehnung des Magens in sich war nicht ausreichend um ulzerogene Läsionen auszulösen, denn die Dehnung des Magens mit physiologischer Kochsalzlösung führte nicht zur Ulzeration. Die Säure ist ein entscheidender Faktor in der Bildung des „distention“-Ulkus. Große Volumina von 0,1 N Salzsäure riefen innerhalb von 1 Std massive Ulzeration hervor. Kleine Mengen von dieser Säurelösung verursachten keine Ulzeration im Magen. Entzündungshemmer, die in noch von ulzerogenen Nebenwirkungen freien therapeutischen Dosen verabreicht wurden, erhöhten die Empfindlichkeit der gastralen Mukosa dem aggressiven Faktor, der Säure, gegenüber. Bei den mit bekanntlich ulzerogen wirkenden Dosen von Entzündungshemmern vorbehandelten Ratten wurde eine schnellere Bildung von Ulzera durch die Dehnung des Magens mit Säure beobachtet. Auch die Stressvorbehandlung beschleunigte und verstärkte die Bildung der durch Dehnung hervorgerufenen ulzerogenen Veränderungen im Magen.
    Notes: Abstract A modification of the distention ulcer was studied in albino rats and a new possibility of testing ulcerogenic side effects of drugs was described. The distention alone was not sufficient to produce lesions. The severity of ulcer lesions was highly dependent on the volume of the acid solution. Large volumes of 0.1 N HCl evoked severe ulcers within 1 h. Small amounts of weak acid solution did not cause any ulceration. Anti-inflammatory drugs administered in therapeutic doses, which did not yet produce any ulcers in animals, increased the sensitivity of the gastric mucosa against the aggresive factor, the acid. In animals pretreated by anti-inflammatory drugs in toxic doses an earlier development of ulceration was observed by distention with acid. Stress also accelerated and aggravated the formation of distention ulcers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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