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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 9 (1999), S. 153-158 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Erdheim-Chester disease ; Langerhans' cell granulomatosis ; MRI ; Histiocytosis X ; Lipogranulomatosis ; Eburnated vertebra
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Erdheim-Chester (EC) disease belongs to the group of lipoid granulomatosis. Symmetric sclerosis of the meta- and diaphysis of long tubular bones are pathognomonic radiologic changes. Additionally, other skeletal segments can be affected. Extraskeletal manifestations can occur in almost all organs; lungs, pericardium, retroperitoneum, skin, and orbita play particularly important roles. The last case of 38 cases of Erdheim-Chester disease with an extraordinary mediastinal and perirenal involvement is described. For the second time following the initial description by Chester, an axial skeletal pattern of eburnated vertebra is shown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 429 (1996), S. 139-147 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: HIV ; Parotid gland ; Lymphoepithelial cyst ; Lymphoepithelial lesion ; Sjögren disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Whether lymphoepithelial cysts in the parotid glands in HIV-infected patients develop from pre-existing salivary gland inclusions in intraparotid lymph nodes or from a lymphoepithelial lesion of salivary parenchyma is unclear. To examine their pathogenesis we performed a histological and immunohistochemical study of salivary specimens from 100 AIDS patients in different disease stages. There is a continuous morphological spectrum of changes within the salivary parenchyma, starting with lymphoid stroma infiltration and evolving to characteristic lymphoepithelial duct lesions with a immunohistochemically proven basal cell proliferation and to fully developed ductal cysts. Involvement of myoepithelial cells — postulated in comparable Sjögren-associated duct lesions — is excluded immunohistochemically. Computer-assisted 3-D reconstructions confirm an association of the cysts with the intralobular duct system. Our study disproves the prevailing hypothesis, which suggests that the lymphoid cell compartment of HIV-associated lymphoepithelial cysts stems from pre-existing intraparotid lymph nodes. The results demonstrate that a secondary lymphatic infiltration of salivary parenchyma provokes a lymphoepithelial lesion of striated ducts with basal cell hyperplasia. The frequent progression to a multifocal cystic lymphoepithelial lesion may be supported by ductal compression through a high degree of lymphofollicular hyperplasia in early disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    HNO 45 (1997), S. 11-16 
    ISSN: 1433-0458
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter HIV-Infektion ; Maligne Non-Hodgkin- Lymphome ; Kopf-Hals-Region ; Key words HIV ; Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma ; Head and neck tumors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The life span of HIV-infected patients has increased because of anti-retroviral therapy and improved means for treating opportunistic infections. However, HIV infection and subsequent immunosuppression result in an increased risk of high-grade B-cell lymphomas. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence, localization, clinical features, therapy and survival time of patients with HIV-related lymphomas of the head and neck. Between 1988 and 1995, 280 HIV-infected patients presented with otolaryngologic symptoms. Seventy-two (25.7%) were found to have a neoplastic disease. Fifty-six of these patients (20%) were diagnosed as having Kaposi′s sarcoma and 12 (4.3%) had lymphomas. According to the Kiel classification, lymphomas were subdivided into Hodgkin′s disease (2 cases) and B-cell lymphomas of high-grade malignancy (10 cases). These latter cases were centroblastic (n=4), Burkitt′s type (n=4), anaplastic large cell (n=1) and not classifiable (n=1). All patients with HIV-related non-Hodgkin′s lymphomas (NHL) were men and 8 were homosexuals. The mean age was 36.1 years. In addition to 7 nodal locations, high-grade B-cell lymphomas were found in the oropharynx (n=2) and palate (n=1). Four patients underwent chemotherapy, 1 patient underwent radiation therapy and 2 were treated with both methods. Two patients did not receive any treatment and 1 patient underwent laser therapy. The survival time depended on the previous diagnosis of AIDS, the patients′ immune status and the Karnofsky index. In 2 patients the lymphoma led to the diagnosis of HIV infection. Our findings show that any solitary or enlarging tumors or ulcerating lesions in the head and neck region of HIV patients must be examined histologically to exclude HIV-NHL. We also recommend that young patients with high-grade B-cell lymphomas should undergo HIV screening.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Durch die verlängerte Überlebenszeit der HIV-Infizierten ist ein vermehrtes Auftreten von HIV-assoziierten Malignomen [Kaposi-Sarkome und Non-Hodgkin-Lymphome (HIV-NHL)] zu beobachten. Ziel dieser Studie war es, HIV-infizierte Patienten (n=280) mit Kopf-Hals-Erkrankungen auf Häufigkeit, Lokalisation, klinische Symptomatik, Therapie und Überlebenszeit von hochmalignen HIV-NHL zu untersuchen und die Ergebnisse mit anderen Studien zu vergleichen. 12 Patienten wiesen ein Lymphom (4,3%) auf; 2mal wurde ein Morbus Hodgkin und in 10 Fällen (3,3%) ein hochmalignes NHL der B-Zell-Reihe diagnostiziert. 8 der 10 (alles Männer/Durchschnittsalter: 36,1 Jahre) Patienten waren homosexuell; 7 HIV-NHL waren nodal und 3 extranodal (Schleimhautulzerationen) lokalisiert. Die meisten Patienten erhielten eine Chemotherapie. Die durchschnittliche Überlebenszeit war bei bekanntem AIDS deutlich kürzer als bei Patienten, die vorher noch nicht der erworbenen Immunschwäche zugeordnet wurden. Diese Ergebnisse entsprechen weitgehend den Beobachtungen anderer Studien. Es zeigte sich, daß bei rechtzeitiger Diagnose eines HIV-NHL die Lebenserwartung bei entsprechend gutem Immunstatus und Karnofsky-Index verbessert werden kann. Wegen der Assoziation mit dem HIV sollte vor allem bei jüngeren Patienten mit malignen Non-Hodgkin-Lymphomen im Kopf-Hals-Bereich ein HIV-Screening durchgeführt werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 69 (1991), S. 134-134 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is one of the earliest and most frequent manifestations of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. About 20 percent of all German AIDS patients present with KS as their first sign of AIDS. Visceral involvement occurs in up to 40% percent of patients with disseminated KS [1, 2, 3]. Fatal complications are known in pulmonary and gastrointestinal KS. They include respiratory failure and fatal bleeding [1, 2]. To our knowledge an arrosion of the thoracic duct with chylothorax has not yet been reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1963
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Speicheldrüsen ; Lymphoepitheliale Gangläsion ; Morbus Sjögren ; Marginalzonen-B-Zell-Lymphom ; Lymphoepitheliale Zyste ; Keywords Salivary glands ; Lymphoepithelial duct lesion ; Sjögren's syndrome ; Marginal zone B-cell lymphoma ; Lymphoepithelial cyst
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Several salivary gland diseases present with the histomorphological features of a lymphoepithelial lesion with or without cyst formation. Some of the most important differential diagnoses (Sjögren‘s syndrome, marginal zone B-cell lymphoma, HIV-associated cystic lymphoepithelial lesion) are systemic diseases and require further investigation and therapy. However, in small biopsy specimens and in cases without relevant clinical information an exact diagnosis may be difficult to obtain. We have recently determined that the characteristic lymphoepithelial duct lesions develop by proliferation of basal cells of striated ducts, while we could not confirm the previously postulated participation of myoepithelial cells (“epimyoepithelial lesion/sialadenitis”). Although these duct lesions are typical of Sjögren's syndrome, they manifest in several diseases of salivary glands, exhibiting characteristic patterns concerning frequency and localization. This review discusses the most important lymphoepithelial diseases of salivary glands with respect to clinical presentation and histomorphology. Particular emphasis is placed on the lymphoepithelial duct lesions.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Der histomorphologische Befund einer lymphoepithelialen Speicheldrüsenläsion mit oder ohne Zystenbildung kann auf mehreren, ätiologisch unterschiedlichen Speicheldrüsenerkrankungen beruhen. Eine eindeutige Diagnosestellung ist dabei wichtig, da einige Differenzialdiagnosen (Morbus Sjögren, Marginalzonenlymphom, HIV-assoziierte zystische lymphoepitheliale Läsion) als Ausdruck einer Systemerkrankung eine weiter gehende Diagnostik und Therapie erfordern. Eine eindeutige Zuordnung ist allerdings gerade bei kleinen bioptischen Exzidaten und mangelnder klinischer Information häufig schwierig. Wir konnten zeigen, dass die charakteristischen Speichelgangläsionen bei Morbus Sjögren auf einer Proliferation von Basalzellen der Streifenstücke beruhen, während eine früher häufig postulierte Beteiligung von Myoepithelzellen (“epimyoepitheliale Läsion/Sialadenitis”) nicht vorliegt. Diese Gangläsionen gelten zwar als charakteristisch für Morbus Sjögren, treten aber auch bei weiteren Speicheldrüsenerkrankungen auf und zeigen dabei diagnostisch verwertbare Muster bezüglich Häufigkeit, Grad der Ausprägung und Lokalisation. In der vorliegenden Übersicht werden die wichtigsten lymphoepithelialen Speicheldrüsenerkrankungen hinsichtlich klinischer und histomorphologischer Charakteristika gegenübergestellt, wobei das besondere Augenmerk dem differenzialdiagnostischen Stellenwert der Gangläsionen gilt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 251 (1994), S. 347-349 
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Cartilage ; Allogeneic transplantation ; Human immunodeficiency virus infections
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections are mainly transferred by blood, semen or organ transplantations. Since allogenic transplants have an established place in reconstructive surgery, the possibility of transferring HIV with such transplants has been a subject of much concern. Postmortem cartilage samples were obtained from eight HIV-infected patients and examined using the polymerase chain reaction in order to detect proviral HIV-1 DNA (gag, pol, env). Blood, brain and spleen samples were also obtained and used as positive controls. Results showed that no cartilage sample contained any HIV-DNA, whereas proviral sequences were clearly demonstrated in perichondrium from six patients. These findings indicate that HIV is not present in cartilage of HIV-infected patients, making HIV transmission through cartilage grafting improbable when transplants from HIV-negative donors are used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 253 (1996), S. 65-68 
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Mucosal tumors ; Middle ear adenoma Histopathology ; Clinical features
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Benign adenomas of the middle ear are rare tumors. To date, approximately 100 cases of adenomatous neoplasms of the middle ear space have been collected in the United States Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington D.C. This report describes two cases of primary adenomatous neoplasms confined to the middle ear cleft seen at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology at Ludwig Maximilians University Hospital, Munich. Although tumors are derived from lining epithelium of the middle ear mucosa, the unique feature of our first case was based on its origin in the epitympanic part of the tympanic membrane. Histopathology was characterized by an adenomatous morphology without atypia or mitoses, proving its benign behavior. No evidence was found for invasion of adjacent tissue. Simple surgical removal afforded excellent prognosis. Clinical behavior, histological appearance, origin of tumors and differential diagnosis are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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