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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kommentar auf Anforderung der Schriftleitung (1998)
    Springer
    Der Chirurg 69 (1998), S. 864-865 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001040050502
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phantomschmerztherapie mit Lachscalcitonin und Einfluß auf die postoperative Patientenzufriedenheit (1999)
    Springer
    Der Chirurg 70 (1999), S. 674-681 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Prospective study ; Phantom pain ; Pain intensity ; Patient satisfaction ; Salmon-calcitonin. ; Schlüsselwörter: Prospektive Beobachtungsstudie ; Phantomschmerz ; Schmerzintensität ; Patientenzufriedenheit ; Lachscalcitonin.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Die vorliegende prospektive Beobachtungsstudie untersucht die Anwendung von intravenösem Lachscalcitonin an 8 schmerztherapeutischen Problempatienten, die nach einer Amputation an der unteren Extremität unter stärksten Phantomschmerzen (visuelle Analogskala = 50–100) litten und dem hausinternen akuten Schmerzdienst vorgestellt wurden. Sechs von 8 Patienten (75 %) waren nach maximal 10 Tagen (maximal 5 Calcitonininfusionen) phantomschmerzfrei bis zum „follow-up“ nach 3, 6 und 12 Monaten. Als zusätzliches Kriterium zur Beurteilung einer erfolgreichen Phantomschmerztherapie wurde die Patientenzufriedenheit erfaßt (numerische Rating-Skala: 1–6). Der subjektive Therapieerfolg des Calcitonins zwischen den einzelnen Infusionszyklen liefert dem Arzt wichtige Anhaltspunkte zur Infusionsintervallverlängerung bzw. Dosisveränderung. In der vorliegenden Studie zeigt sich eine „gute“ Therapiezufriedenheit bei 6 von 8 Patienten (75 %). Größere Patientenzahlen in einer randomisierten prospektiven Studie sind jedoch notwendig, um die bisher aufgezeigten Therapieerfolge zu bestätigen. In einer kritischen Literaturanalyse werden der Calcitonintherapie zahlreiche alternative Behandlungsmethoden zur Phantomschmerztherapie gegenübergestellt.
    Notes: Summary. In this prospective clinical study we examined the intravenous application of salmon-calcitonin in eight patients with severe phantom limb pain (Visual Analogue Scale = 50–100). The patients presented at the Acute Pain Service (APS) section of the Second Department of Surgery, University of Cologne. Six of eight patients (75 %) had no phantom limb pain after 10 days of intravenous treatment with salmon-calcitonin (maximum of five cycles of calcitonin infusion). Systematic follow-up examinations after 3, 6 and 12 months showed long-term success. Patient satisfaction was examined with a numeric rating scale (NRS 1–6) between the single infusion cycles. When patient satisfaction was low, the physician modified the time period or drug dosage between infusions. This study shows good or excellent results in patient satisfaction for six of eight patients (75 %). A prospective randomized trial is required to verify the excellent results of intravenous salmon-calcitonin in a larger population. Alternative pharmacological and operative treatments of phantom limb pain are critically reviewed and assessed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001040050704
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neutrophil adhesion to histamine stimulated cultured endothelial cells is primarily mediated via activation of phospholipase C and nitric oxide synthase isozymes (1998)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 47 (1998), S. 256-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Key words: Histamine — Histamine receptors — Inflammation — Neutrophils — Signal transduction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Objective and Design: In order to understand the underlying mechanism of histamine stimulated inflammatory responses, histamine receptor subtypes and signal transduction pathways by which histamine mediates the stimulation of neutrophil adhesion to endothelial cells has been studied in vitro.¶Material: Human neutrophils and human umbilical vein endothelial cells.¶Treatment: Confluent human endothelial cell layer were incubated with histamine (1 mM), H1, H2 or H3 receptor agonists: fluorophenylhistamine (10 μM), amthamine (10 μm), methylhistamine (10 μM), respectively. Ten minutes prior to histamine (1 mM) stimulation H1, H2 or H3 receptor antagonists (dimethindene, 100 μM; famotidine, 100 μM, thioperamid 100 μM, respectively) were added. Histamine stimulated signal transduction pathways were inhibited by adding phospholipase C inhibitor 2-nitro-4-carboxyphenyl N,N-diphenylcarbamat (200 μM), adenylate cyclase inhibitor 9-(2 tetrahydrofuryl)adenine (80 μM), nitric oxide synthase isozymes inhibitor S-ethylisothiourea (1 μM) or guanylate cyclase inhibitor (LY 83583; 10 μM). Neutrophil adhesion was monitored at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 and 210 min.¶Methods: Neutrophil adhesion to endothelial cells was quantified by analysing alkaline phosphatase activity.¶Results: Histamine stimulation of endothelial cells resulted in a biphasic time and concentration dependent pattern of neutrophil adhesion. This pattern of neutrophil adhesion was mimicked by stimulation of endothelial cells with H1 or H2 agonists. Stimulation of endothelial cells with an H3 agonist had no effect on neutrophil binding. Inhibition of phospholipase C (PLC), nitric oxide synthase isozymes (NOS) or guanylate cyclase (GC) resulted in a significant decrease of neutrophil binding to histamine or agonist stimulated endothelial cells. An increase of neutrophil binding to unstimulated or to agonist stimulated endothelial cells was observed during inhibition of adenylate cyclase.¶Conclusions: Our results suggest that histamine stimulated neutrophil adhesion is due to H1 and H2 receptor mediated activation of PLC, NOS and GC. Increase of cAMP concentration seems to mediate an inhibitory effect on PMN adhesion to endothelial cells
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000110050327
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen transformation in arable soils of North-West Germany during the cereal growing season (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 22 (1996), S. 179-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Microbial N ; Immobilization ; Remobilization ; NH inf4 sup+ fixation ; Exchangeable NH inf4 sup+
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In 1991, field experiments on loess (with winter wheat) and sandy soils (with summer barley) were conducted to study N dynamics in the microbial biomass and non-exchangeable NH inf4 sup+ . The measurements showed a mass change in microbial N, with a maximum increase of 100 kg N ha-1 30 cm-1 from March to July in the loess soil, and a change for only 1 month (May) in the sandy soil. Plots treated with conventional levels of N fertilizer (213 kg N ha-1 on a loess soil to winter wheat and 130 kg ha-1 on the sandy soil to summer barley), reduced levels of N (83% and 62% of the conventional N application), or no N showed no consistent fertilizer N effect on microbial biomass N. From March to July, non-exchangeable NH inf4 sup+ in loess soils under winter wheat decreased by 110 kg N ha-1 30 cm-1 in conventionally fertilized plots and by 200 kg N ha-1 30 cm-1 in a plot with no N fertilizer. After harvest, the pool of non-exchangeable NH inf4 sup+ increased due to increasing mineral N concentrations in the soil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00384452
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen transformation in arable soils of North-West Germany during the cereal growing season (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 22 (1996), S. 179-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Microbial N ; Immobilization ; Remobilization ; NH4+ fixation ; Exchangeable NH4+
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In 1991, field experiments on loess (with winter wheat) and sandy soils (with summer barley) were conducted to study N dynamics in the microbial biomass and non-exchangeable NH4 +. The measurements showed a mass change in microbial N, with a maximum increase of 100 kg N ha–1 30 cm–1 from March to July in the loess soil, and a change for only 1 month (May) in the sandy soil. Plots treated with conventional levels of N fertilizer (213 kg N ha–1 on a loess soil to winter wheat and 130 kg ha–1 on the sandy soil to summer barley), reduced levels of N (83% and 62% of the conventional N application), or no N showed no consistent fertilizer N effect on microbial biomass N. From March to July, non-exchangeable NH4 + in loess soils under winter wheat decreased by 110 kg N ha–1 30 cm–1 in conventionally fertilized plots and by 200 kg N ha–1 30 cm–1 in a plot with no N fertilizer. After harvest, the pool of non-exchangeable NH4 + increased due to increasing mineral N concentrations in the soil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00384452
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Digital radiography Results of a survey (part A) and a consensus conference (part B) (1997)
    Springer
    European radiology 7 (1997), S. S94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Digital radiography ; Storage phosphor radiography ; Digital image intensifier radiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Digital imaging (digital image intensifier radiography, storage phosphor/selenium radiography) is increasingly becoming commonplace in radiology departments for diagnostic purposes. Despite 10 years of experience, the advantages and disadvantages of those methods are still heavily discussed among users, financiers and prescribers. This paper is to offer additional arguments for a thorough and objective discussion. No further comments or interpretations have been added to this paper. This paper consists of two main parts, A and B. The first part deals with the results of a user survey, the other part presents the results, i. e. statements, of a consensus conference.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00006872
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Concentrations of Lead in Liver, Kidney, and Bone of Bald and Golden Eagles (1999)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 37 (1999), S. 267-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The diagnosis of lead poisoning in eagles relies on autopsy information and residue analysis of lead in certain tissues, usually liver or blood. Similarly, the assessment of elevated lead exposure in eagles depends on the determination of lead concentrations in these tissues. Renal and bone lead concentrations have rarely been examined in eagles. We examined relationships among hepatic, renal, and bone lead concentrations in bald and golden eagles from the Canadian prairie provinces. Hepatic and renal lead concentrations were strongly related (R2 = 0.87) while those in liver and bone were significantly but poorly related (R2 = 0.22). Renal lead concentrations of 5 and 18 μg · g−1 (dry weight) corresponded to hepatic lead concentrations of 6 and 30 μg · g−1, the hepatic concentrations that we used as criterion levels associated with elevated lead exposure and death from lead poisoning, respectively. Lead was elevated in 19 of 119 and 21 of 109 liver and kidney samples, respectively. Of these 19 and 21 liver and kidney samples, 14 and 11, respectively, had lead concentrations compatible with death from lead poisoning. Taken together, lead concentrations were elevated in liver or kidney samples from 25 eagles and were compatible with death from lead poisoning in 15. Mean bone lead was higher in eagles with elevated hepatic lead than in those exhibiting background hepatic lead concentrations. However, even in the former group, bone lead concentrations were lower than those in lead-exposed individuals of other species of birds. Bone is probably not a useful tissue for identifying elevated lead exposure in eagles. Three of eleven birds that had been shot had anomalous renal lead concentrations, suggestive of contamination by residue from lead ammunition. It is important to exclude such birds when assessing lead exposure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002449900514
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diagnosis and treatment of diverticular disease (1999)
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 13 (1999), S. 430-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Consensus development conference — Diverticulitis — Contrast enema — Hartmann resection — Laparoscopic colectomy — Intraabdominal infections
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: With the aim of resolving the current controversy over the diagnosis and treatment of diverticular disease, this consensus development conference set out to summarize the actual state of the art. Methods: A multidisciplinary panel of international experts (n= 16) was selected to take part in the consensus process. Prior to the conference, all experts were asked to answer a series of questions on diverticular disease. The consensus statement compiled out of these evaluations was modified during a joint meeting of the panel members, then presented for discussion in a public session, and finally revised by the expert panel. The finalized statement was mailed to all panel members for approval (Delphi method). Results: Asymptomatic diverticulosis, diverticular disease (with actual or recurrent symptoms), and complicated diverticular disease were defined separately. No agreement was reached on whether barium enema or colonoscopy is the better choice as an initial diagnostic tool in uncomplicated cases. In complicated cases, computed tomography is recommended for diagnosis. After two attacks of diverticular disease, elective resection should be considered. For patients in whom a concomitant carcinoma cannot be excluded and those with chronic complications (fistula, stenosis, or bleeding) surgery is also indicated. Laparoscopic sigmoid colectomy is recommended only for uncomplicated and, after percutaneous drainage of abscesses, Hinchey stage I and II cases. Conclusions: Laparoscopic surgery has already begun to influence the management of diverticular disease, but the randomized controlled trials needed to support therapy decisions are largely missing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004649901007
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The E.A.E.S. Consensus development conferences on laparoscopic cholecystectomy, appendectomy, and hernia repair (1995)
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 9 (1995), S. 550-563 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Consensus development conferences ; Laparoscopic cholecystectomy ; Laparoscopic appendectomy ; Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Under the mandate of the Educational Committee of the European Association of Endoscopic Surgery (E.A.E.S.), three consensus development conferences (CDCs) were performed in order to assess the current status of the endoscopic surgical approaches for the treatment of cholelithiasis, appendicitis, and inguinal hernia. Consensus panels for the different disease states (10–13 members each) selected by the education committee on the basis of members' clinical expertise, academic activity, community influence, and geographical location weighed the evidence on the basis of published results according to the criteria for technology assessment: feasibility, efficacy, effectiveness, economy. Draft statements were prepared, discussed by the panels, and presented at plenary sessions of the 2nd European Congress of the E.A.E.S. in Madrid September 15–17, 1994. Following discussions final consensus statements were formulated to provide specific answers for each topic to a minimum of the following questions: 1. What stage of technological development is the endoscopic surgical procedure at (in September 1994)? 2. Is endoscopic surgery safe and feasible? 3. Is it beneficial to the patients? 4. Who should undergo endoscopic surgery? 5. What are the training recommendations? Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the procedure of choice for symptomatic cholelithiasis. Laparoscopic appendectomy is presently at the efficacy stage of development, because most of the data on feasibility and safety originate from centers with special interest in endoscopic surgery: it is not yet the gold standard for acute appendicitis. Endoscopic hernia repair is presently a feasible alternative for conventional hernia repair if performed by experienced endoscopic surgeons. It appears to be efficacious in the short-term. The full text of the consensus panel's statements is given in this publication.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00206852
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laparoscopic antireflux surgery for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) (1997)
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 11 (1997), S. 413 -426 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Consensus development conferences — Laparoscopic antireflux operations — Outcome assessment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Laparoscopic antireflux surgery is currently a growing field in endoscopic surgery. The purpose of the Consensus Development Conference was to summarize the state of the art of laparoscopic antireflux operations in June 1996. Methods: Thirteen internationally known experts in gastroesophageal reflux disease were contacted by the conference organization team and asked to participate in a Consensus Development Conference. Selection of the experts was based on clinical expertise, academic activity, community influence, and geographical location. According to the criteria for technology assessment, the experts had to weigh the current evidence on the basis of published results in the literature. A preconsensus document was prepared and distributed by the conference organization team. During the E.A.E.S. conference, a consensus document was prepared in three phases: closed discussion in the expert group, public discussion during the conference, and final closed discussion by the experts. Results: Consensus statements were achieved on various aspects of gastroesophageal reflux disease and current laparoscopic treatment with respect to indication for operation, technical details of laparoscopic procedures, failure of operative treatment, and complete postoperative follow-up evaluation. The strength of evidence in favor of laparoscopic antireflux procedures was based mainly on type II studies. A majority of the experts (6/10) concluded in an overall assessment that laparoscopic antireflux procedures were better than open procedures. Conclusions: Further detailed studies in the future with careful outcome assessment are necessary to underline the consensus that laparoscopic antireflux operations can be recommended.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004649900382
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