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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 68 (1982), S. 47-56 
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: hydrostatic pressure ; potassium flux ; erythrocyte membrane ; water of hydration ; anion effect ; thermodynamic analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The effects of hydrostatic pressure and temperature on the three components of K+ uptake in human red cells have been investigated, using ouabain and bumetanide to distinguish between the pump, passive diffusion and cotransport. The pressure sensitivity for passive diffusion has been shown to depend on the counter-ion present. The order of this effect, Cl−〉Br−〉NO 3 − 〉I−, is the same as for the ionic partial modal volumes and the Hofmeister series. We have analyzed our experimental results thermodynamically, and propose a model for the activated transition-state complex of the potassium ion which involves the loss of water molecules from the secondary hydration shell, cosphere II.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 55 (1980), S. 123-131 
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Members of four homologous series of tetra-alkyl ammonium bromides (R 3N+(CH2) n−1·CH3Br− whereR=H, CH3 or C2H5 andR′N+H3Br− whereR′ represents the isomeric butyl series) have been synthesized and tested as sodium pump inhibitors, measured as ouabain-sensitive K+ influx, and as hemolytic agents on human red cells. Potency for both effects is presented graphically, plotting the logarithm of the concentration for half maximal effect against alkyl chain length. Both hemolysis and pump inhibition studies yielded a biphasic response consisting of two good straight lines, with effectiveness increasing up to C10–12 and then remaining constant up to C20. For hemolysis the alkyl ammonium series was most effective. The calculated free-energy change per methylene group was the same for three series of compounds, but the free-energy contribution from the headgroup was lower for the ammonium series. In contrast, although pump inhibition studies also yielded simple biphasic plots, inhibition occurred at 3- to 50-fold lower concentrations and there were significant differences between the three series, both in the free-energy changes per methylene group and in the headgroup contributions. We have analyzed these results thermodynamically to take account of hydrophobic interactions and the conformation of the alkyl chains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 86 (1982), S. 4400-4404 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Anthropology 12 (1983), S. 25-48 
    ISSN: 0084-6570
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Ethnic Sciences , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 85 (1981), S. 670-677 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Hairless mice were immunized with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) envelope antigen (EAG), EAG in association with polyriboinosinic · polyribocytidylic acid-poly-L-lysine complexed with carboxymethylcellulose (PICLC), and inactivated purified HSV-1 (VAG). After 2 weeks the mice were challenged by a percutaneous HSV-1 infection in the orofacial (OF) or lumbosacral (LS) skin area. Following immunization a consistent cell-mediated immune response was observed in all immunized mice, although the humoral immune response was very low, or not detectable. After challenge, a marked secondary humoral and cell-mediated immune response developed in all immunized mice, and the animals were protected against the development of skin lesions and the fatal outcome of infection. However, the establishment of latent infections in the sensory ganglia was not prevented by the immunization procedure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Skin infections induced in hairless mice with an Acyclovir resistant herpes simplex virus (HSV) mutant were not followed by the death of the animals, and the survivors had no evidence of latent infections in their sensory ganglia. However, mutant virus was detected in the ganglia during the acute phase of the infection. Mice inoculated with the mutant were fully protected against the fatal outcome of the infection when subsequently challenged with the relatively pathogenic parental virus. In addition the frequency of latent infections established after challenge was significantly reduced. Phosphonoacetic acid treatment of the primary mutant-induced infection abolished the protection against reinfection with parental virus. Acyclovir treatment of the primary infection with the mutant virus did not affect the protection against reinfection with parental virus. The results indicate that drug-resistant, latency-negative, HSV mutants are a promising starting point for the development of an attenuated HSV vaccine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 286 (1980), S. 403-404 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Surprisingly few data are available on the effects of temperature on Na and K transport in human erythrocytes. This may be due in part to the presence of at least three components of Na and K movement in human red cells. These can be resolved as the ouabain-sensitive Na-K pump1'2, the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of virology 77 (1983), S. 231-238 
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary After unilateral footpad inoculation with herpes simplex virus (HSV) the infection spreads initially to the ipsilateral and afterwards to the contralateral spinal ganglia. In about 25 percent of the mice the virus also reaches the trigeminal ganglia. Furthermore, we have shown that only a complete severance of the nervous connections can prevent the colonization of ganglia with HSV after footpad inoculation. Results of previous experiments in which only the sectioning of the sciatic nerve was able to prevent the invasion of ganglia, are difficult to explain. It appears also that HSV travels in the nerve toward the ganglia in a non-infectious form, and that the infectious virus detectable in nerves originates not from the peripheral inoculation site, but from the infectious virus pool which accumulates in spinal ganglia. A limited role of the circulatory system in the colonization of sensory ganglia by HSV cannot be excluded, since in a few cases virus was detected in ganglia after sectioning of both the sciatic and the femoral nerve.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of virology 72 (1982), S. 143-168 
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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