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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Blood viscosity in young male diabetics with and without retinopathy (1980)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 18 (1980), S. 359-363 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Schlagwort(e): Retinopathy ; insulin treated diabetes ; blood viscosity ; plasma viscosity ; haematocrit ; fibrinogen
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Blood viscosity (shear rates 100s-1 and 0.94 s-1) and several of its major determinants (haematocrit, plasma fibrinogen and plasma viscosity) have been measured in 38 male insulin-treated diabetics, aged 18–50 years, and in 38 non-diabetic control subjects matched for age and smoking habit. Diabetics without fundoscopic retinopathy (n=20) had higher mean blood viscosity than controls at the high shear rate (7.07 cP vs 6.75 cP, p〈0.05) and the low shear rate (21.2 cP vs 18.7 cP, p〈0.025). These differences persisted after correction of blood viscosity to a standard haematocrit, and were associated with increased plasma viscosity (1.41 cP vs 1.34 cP, p〈0.025) and plasma fibrinogen (2.9 g/L vs. 2.5 g/L, p〈0.025). Diabetics with retinopathy (n=18) had higher mean blood viscosity than diabetics without retinopathy at the high shear rate (7.53 cP vs 7.07 cP, p〈0.05) and the low shear rate (24.3 cP vs. 21.2 cP, p〈0.05), associated with a higher haematocrit (p〈0.05). Blood viscosity and haematocrit correlated with the duration of diabetes (r〉0.32, p〈0.05).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00276814
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of stanozolol on δ-aminolaevulinic acid synthase and hepatic monooxygenase activity in man and rat (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 26 (1984), S. 587-590 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): stanozolol ; porphyria ; aplastic anaemia ; anabolic steroids ; haem biosynthesis ; monooxygenases ; cytochrome P 450 ; vascular thrombosis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Stanozolol is an anabolic steroid which is used in the treatment of aplastic anaemia and has been recently advocated for the prophylaxis of vascular thrombosis. Similar steroid substances stimulate the activity of δ-aminolaevulinic acid synthase (ALA S), the rate limiting enzyme of haem biosynthesis, in rat hepatocytes and chick embryo liver cell cultures and activate acute hepatic porphyria. In the present study stanozolol (10 mg daily for 14 days) has been shown to increase significantly leucocyte ALA S activity in 9 healthy male subjects. There was a concomitant rise in urinary ALA and total porphyrin excretion but no change in antipyrine kinetics or urinary 6 B hydroxycortisol excretion. In a complementary study in male Sprague Dawley rats, stanozolol administered intraperitoneally, produced a dose-dependent increase in hepatic ALA S activity without changing hepatic cytochrome P 450 content. Stanozolol has been clearly shown to elevate ALA S activity, probably directly, and, thereby, porphyrin production without affecting hepatic monooxygenase activity. This porphyrinogenic effect may be relevant to the successful treatment of aplastic anaemia with anabolic steroids. Leucocyte ALA S activity may provide a human system for the study of drug porphyrinogenicity in vivo.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00543490
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The effects of the 5 HT2 antagonist ritanserin on blood pressure and serotonin-induced platelet aggregation in patients with untreated essential hypertension (1988)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 35 (1988), S. 123-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): ritanserin ; hypertension ; serotonin ; (5 HT) ; blood pressure ; platelet aggregation ; QT interval
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary We have given the selective 5 HT2 antagonist ritanserin in a dose of 10 mg twice daily for 4 weeks in a double-blind, randomized, placebocontrolled, parallel group study of 18 patients with untreated essential hypertension. The fall in single platelet count due to 5 HT-induced platelet aggregation was significantly reduced by ritanserin compared with placebo (p〈0.05). There were no significant changes in supine or erect blood pressure or heart rate after ritanserin compared to placebo. Forearm blood flow, measured by mercury-in-strain gauge venous occlusion plethysmography, was not significantly altered by ritanserin. Ritanserin caused prolongation of the QTc interval by 41 (SEM 11) ms (p〈0.05 compared to placebo) but had no detectable effect on QRS duration, features suggestive of Class III antiarrhythmic activity. These findings do not support an independent role of the 5 HT2 receptor in maintaining raised arterial pressure in essential hypertension.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00609240
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Combined prednisolone and intravenous immunoglobulin treatment for acquired factor VIII inhibitors: a 2-year review (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Haemophilia 7 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2516
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Acquired inhibitors to factor VIII (FVIII) are rare, but life-threatening in up to 22% of cases. The optimal therapy for suppression of these inhibitors remains unclear. Prednisolone is the mainstay of therapy, producing responses in approximately 30% of cases. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) has a similar response rate, but a more rapid effect. We report the results of prednisolone 1 mg kg−1 combined with IVIg 2 g kg−1 in divided doses as first-line therapy in seven consecutive patients with acquired FVIII inhibitors. All patients were bleeding at the time of diagnosis with prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time. There were four complete responses, one partial response, one nonresponse and one with an inadequate follow-up for assessment of response, giving an overall response rate of 71%. In all complete responders the inhibitor declined rapidly and was undetectable by day 21 from start of treatment. Therapy was well tolerated and responses have been maintained off treatment for 2–8 months. This is a safe, well-tolerated rapidly acting regimen with good response rates.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2516.2001.00489.x
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Acute renal failure complicating high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin therapy for acquired haemophilia (1999)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Haemophilia 5 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2516
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Acquired haemophilia is a rare disorder requiring therapy to control bleeding and to suppress the inhibitory antibody. High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin is commonly used as part of immunosuppressive regimens for this condition. We describe the case of an elderly patient who developed acute oliguric renal failure as a result of intravenous immunoglobulin therapy. All patients receiving such treatment should have renal function carefully monitored both during and after the infusion.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2516.1999.t01-1-00292.x
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Blood rheology in pre-eclampsia and intrauterine growth retardation: effects of blood pressure reduction with labetalol (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 91 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Blood viscosity (Contraves L S 30) and its determinants were measured in 23 patients with mild/moderate pre-eclampsia, 10 patients with intrauterine growth retardation and 22 control subjects, matched for age and gestation. Both abnormal groups had a significantly increased blood viscosity at high shear rate (94 s-1) associated with increased haematocrit. Fibrinogen levels were also increased, but there were no significant differences between groups in plasma viscosity, low shear viscosity (0.94s-1) or red cell deformability, measured by a low-shear washed cell system of filtration through 5-μm pore diameter Nuclepore filters. In the pre-eclamptic group, measurements were repeated after 1–2 weeks in nine patients treated with labetalol (a combined alpha and beta adrenergic blocker) and in 10 patients treated with bed rest. Labetalol reduced blood pressure but no change in rheology was seen in either group. Control of blood pressure by labetalol does not adversely affect rheology, in contrast to diuretics which are known to cause haemoconcentration and increased blood viscosity.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1984.tb04780.x
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Haemorrhagic problems in obstetrics and gynaecology in patients with congenital coagulopathies (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 98 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Objective— To review the obstetric and gynaecological problems in women with congenital coagulopathies.Design— Retrospective review.Setting— Regional Adult Haemophilia Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary.Subjects— All women in contact with the Unit over a period of 30 years, comprising eight with von Willebrand's disease, 18 obligate carriers of haemophilia A and five obligate carriers of Christmas disease. Each woman was interviewed and details of their obstetric and gynaecological histories were obtained and their case records were reviewed.Main outcome measures— Haemostatic changes associated with pregnancy and gynaecological problems.Results— In 14 pregnancies in seven patients with von Willebrand's disease, there were four primary and four secondary post-partum haemorrhages and a large perineal haematoma complicating an episiotomy. These problems arose despite the endogenous rise in factor VIIIc seen with pregnancy. All women seen with von Willebrand's disease complained of menorrhagia and had been referred to gynaecologists. Treatment included danazol, tranexamic acid and the contraceptive pill. Diagnostic curettagc resulted in severe haemorrhage in one woman and two women with pelvic pain and dyspareunia were found to have spontaneous broad ligament haematomas, one requiring surgery. In 43 pregnancies in obligate carriers of haemophilia A and Christmas disease there were five post-partum haemorrhages and a large perineal haematoma.Conclusion— In von Willebrand's disease it should be noted that adequate laboratory correction of factor VIIIc levels does not ensure clinical haemostasis; hence platelet function should also be measured. Patients with congenital coagulopathies pose particular problems for the obstetrician and gynaecologist and should be managed in close association with the local haemophilia centre.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1991.tb13514.x
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Blood viscosity and haemostatic factors in late pregnancy, pre-eclampsia and fetal growth retardation (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 89 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary. Blood viscosity and several of its determinants (packed cell volume, plasma viscosity, plasma fibrinogen and erythrocyte deformability) and several haemostatic variables (platelet count, serum fibrin degradation products and plasma soluble fibrin) were measured in 106 women during normal third-trimester pregnancy, 12 patients with moderate pre-eclampsia, nine patients with severe pre-eclampsia and 16 patients with confirmed fetal growth retardation. Blood viscosity was measured at high and low shear rates (94.5 and 0.94 s−1), with and without correction to a standard packed cell volume of 0.45. In normal pregnancy low-shear blood viscosity increased significantly towards term, associated with significant increases in packed cell volume and plasma viscosity (but not fibrinogen); there was no change in high-shear blood viscosity at native packed cell volume and a decrease in viscosity after correction for packed cell volume, associated with a significant increase in erythrocyte deformability. Significant decrease in the platelet count and significant increases in serum fibrin degradation products and plasma soluble fibrin suggested a degree of haemostatic activation in normal third-trimester pregnancy. In moderate pre-eclampsia blood viscosity was significantly lower at low shear rate, due to a significantly lower packed cell volume and despite a significantly elevated plasma viscosity. In severe pre-eclampsia high-shear blood viscosity was significantly elevated after correction for packed cell volume, associated with a significantly reduced erythrocyte deformability; plasma fibrinogen levels were reduced, but other variables were not significantly abnormal. In fetal growth retardation blood viscosity was significantly increased at both shear rates, despite a reduced packed cell volume: this was also associated with a significant reduction in erythrocyte deformability. In general there was little correlation between blood viscosity factors and haemostatic variables, but in normal-term pregnancy soluble fibrin levels correlated with blood viscosity at both shear rates. We suggest that increased blood viscosity and decreased erythrocyte deformability may play a role in the placental insufficiency of severe pre-eclampsia and fetal growth retardation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1982.tb04676.x
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Complement activation by cellulose: investigation of the effects of time, area, flow rate, shear rate and temperature on C3a generation in vitro, using a parallel plate flow cell (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 9 (1998), S. 409-414 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Abstract The development and utilization of a parallel plate flow system to study the blood response to flat sheet biomaterials, is described. Unlike most other parallel plate flow systems, which have been used to study cellular interactions with biomaterials, the controlled flow test cell described below employs the test materials on both sides of the channel through which the blood flows. The flow cell is used to conduct an investigation into the in vitro generation of C3a by a regenerated cellulose membrane, Cuprophan. The effects of experimental variables such as temperature, blood flow rate, contact area and wall shear rate on C3a generation by Cuprophan were studied. The results show that C3a generation by Cuprophan is lower at 12 °C than at 22 °C, which is in turn lower than C3a generation at 37 °C. Furthermore, a decrease in contact area, and increase in wall shear rate and blood flow rate, can produce a decrease in C3a concentration.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1013287614418
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Blood interactions with plasticized poly(vinyl chloride): relevance of plasticizer selection (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 10 (1999), S. 527-531 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Abstract An investigation has been made of blood interactions with plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) biomaterials in tubular form, taking into account the influence on the blood response of the polymer, antithrombotic agent, blood condition and test procedure. In vitro and ex vivo procedures were used to achieve a comparison between PVC plasticized with di- (2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) and with tri-(2-ethylhexyl)trimellitate (TEHTM). The blood response was monitored in terms of the measurement of fibrinogen adsorption capacity, thrombin–antithrombin III complex (TAT) and the complement component C3a. Surface characterization of the polymers was performed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The data obtained indicate that in comparison with DEHP-PVC, there is a higher reactivity for TEHTM-PVC, which correlates with the plasticizer distribution at the polymer surface. © 1999 Kluwer Academic Publishers
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008912213420
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