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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pulmonary hypertension in patients with chronic pulmonary thromboembolism: chest radiograph and CT evaluation before and after surgery (1996)
    Springer
    European radiology 6 (1996), S. 817-825 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Pulmonary hypertension ; Pulmonary embolism ; Radiography ; CT ; Pulmonary arteries ; Stenosis ; Obstruction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this study was to assess the value of morphometric data on conventional radiography and CT predicting the presence and degree of pulmonary hypertension and to assess the reversibility after surgery. On preoperative X-ray films and CT scans of 50 patients with pulmonary hypertension secondary to chronic thromboembolism, we measured the cardiothoracic ratio, basal diameter, length of cardiac contact to sternum, pulmonary trunk, right and left descending pulmonary artery, and the septum angle. These data were correlated with pulmonary arterial pressure. In 14 X-ray patients and 18 CT patients, with follow-up after surgical thromboendarterectomy the reversibility of these changes was assessed. A dilated pulmonary trunk was the most common abnormality (96% each on X-ray and CT). Pulmonary arteries were dilated on X-ray in 40% (right) and 14% (left), and on CT in 92% (right) and 96% (left). The best correlation with mean arterial pressure was found measuring the pulmonary trunk on CT (r = 0.43, p 〈 0.01). After surgery, reversibility was most significant for the pulmonary trunk on CT (p 〈 0.0001). In patients with chronic pulmonary embolism, pulmonary hypertension can best be predicted by assessing the diameter of the pulmonary trunk both on X-ray and CT. No close correlation is present between the extent of any parameter and the level of the pulmonary pressure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00240678
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pelvic minus fetal diameter: value of pelvimetry in the detection of cephalopelvic disproportion (1995)
    Springer
    European radiology 5 (1995), S. 401-405 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Pelvis ; Cephalopelvic proportion ; Pelvimetry ; Fetometry ; Digital radiography ; Biomechanics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cephalopelvic disproportion between pelvic and fetal diameters has been evaluated by pelvimetry. The study consisted of 257 women with pelvimetry by digital-image-intensifier radiography and fetometry by US. Information about the management of labour and the mode of delivery has been obtained from the obsterician. Differences between five pelvimetric diameters and the fetal biparietal diameter (BIP) have been correlated to the mode of delivery. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-tests show high significance for small or negative differences between interspinous as well as intertuberous distance and BIP in the group of Caesarean sections. According to empirical determination cephalopelvic disproportion can be supposed for differences ≤ 0.0 cm and borderline conditions for 0.0–1.0 cm. The investigated sagittal pelvic diameters did not show a correlation to the mode of delivery. For the detection of cephalopelvic disproportion “interspinous distance-BIP” is suited best. In conclusion, the plane of the mid-pelvis has been found to be the most important parameter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00184952
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Supernumerary nipples: prevalence, size, sex and side predilection – a prospective clinical study (1998)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 157 (1998), S. 821-823 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Supernumerary nipple ; Prevalence ; Side ; Size ; Sex
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of the following clinical study was to determine the prevalence, size, sex and side predilection of supernumerary nipples. Out of 502 patients, 28 (5.6%) exhibited a supernumerary nipple of small (only areola with diameter less than 30% of normal areola) or middle size (areola with nipple, diameter 30%–50% of normal areola). The male/female ratio was 20/8 and left/right side ratio 15/7 in males and 5/4 in females. Conclusion A supernumerary areola or a supernumerary areola with nipple is a frequent finding. There is a higher prevalence for the left side and male gender.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004310050944
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phenylalanine hydroxylase genotypes, predicted residual enzyme activity and phenotypic parameters of diagnosis and treatment of phenylketonuria (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 155 (1996), S. S11 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Phenylketonuria ; Genotype ; Treatment ; IQ
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The interdependence of the predicted in vitro residual enzyme activity (PRA), as deduced from the complete genotypes of 64 hyperphenylalaninaemic patients, and parameters for diagnosis of hyperphenylalaninaemic disorders, the fluctuation of the phyenlylalanine (Phe) values during treatment, long-term dietary control during treatment, and a parameter for the outcome of therapy (IQ) was investigated by correlation analysis. A highly significant correlation was found between the PRA and diagnostic parameters, as well as the fluctuation of the Phe values during treatment. Significant correlations were also observed between the parameter describing the fluctuation of the Phe values and the IQ, as well as between the quality of dietary control and IQ. The PRA is a valuable tool for the differential diagnosis of hyperphenylalaninaemic disorders and for the prediction of one aspect of the course of the disease which is related to the intellectual outcome of therapy. The quality of dietary control was independent of the genotype, indicating that the outcome of therapy can be successfully manipulated in spite of the genetic make-up.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00014222
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neurological outcome in adult patients with early-treated phenylketonuria (1998)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 157 (1998), S. 824-830 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Intelligence ; Neurology ; Neuropsychology ; Phenylketonuria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Due to the observation of severe neurological symptoms in single patients as well as brain imaging, neuropsychological and neurophysiological abnormalities, the long-term prognosis of treated phenylketonuria is still under discussion. We investigated the neurological outcome of 57 (24 male, 33 female) patients with phenylketonuria (diet onset 〈3 months) at a mean age of 23.6 (17–33) years in comparison to control subjects. Methods used were a clinical-neurological examination, tests for fine motor abilities, IQ test (WAIS-R), a neuropsychological attention task and MRI (30 patients only). Tremor was increased in the patients (28%) compared to controls (15%). Fine motor abilities were significantly reduced in three areas: hand-wrist steadiness, finger-hand dexterity and hand-wrist speed. Tremor as well as reduced fine motor skills were not associated with treatment-related variables, e.g. diet onset, strictness of biochemical control or amount of MRI white matter change. IQ was lower in patients (mean 97.6) compared to matched control subjects (mean 105.5). IQ at 12 years was correlated with biochemical control from birth up to the age of 12 and remained stable up to adult age, independent of biochemical control after 12 years of age. In contrast to the other outcome parameters, the performance in a neuropsychological attention task was influenced by the concurrent plasma phenylalanine concentration. Specific late-onset neurological impairment was not identified in this sample of early-treated adults with phenylketonuria. Conclusion Careful neurological investigation revealed subtle symptoms of brain damage even after early-initiated treatment in adult patients with phenylketonuria. At present it cannot be excluded that further neurological deterioration could emerge later in life. Thus, patients with phenylketonuria – either on or off diet – should be monitored throughout life.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004310050945
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in adolescents with phenyketonuria and in one case of 6-pyruvoyl tetrahydropteridine synthase deficiency (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 155 (1996), S. S69 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Phenylketonuria ; Phenylalanine ; Magnetic resonance ; imaging ; Evoked potentials ; Myelination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract White matter abnormalities on MRI have been observed in phenylketonuria (PKU) patients with late onset neurological symptoms as well as in neurologically inconspicious patients. We investigated 14 early treated adolescents at an age between 12 and 17 years (mean age 14.3 years) with classical PKU as well as one retarded patient with atypical PKU by cranial MRI with spinecho T1-, T2- and proton density sequences. Clinical examination was normal. Visual evoked potential (VEP) examination showed a prolonged latency of peak P100 (mean 122.6 ms; control mean 115.9) and IQ testing showed a mean IQ of 101.1. To investigate the influence of plasma phenylalanine (Phe) levels three approaches were used: Phe was determined for the day of MRI, for a period of 6 months prior to MRI and for lifetime up to 12 years. MRI scans revealed areas of abnormally increased signal intensity on T2-weighted and proton density images in 12 (86%) patients, preferably involving the parieto-occipital lobes. MRI of the patient with atypical PKU was normal. MRI findings correlated most strongly to long-term dietary control up to 12 years. We found no correlation with the other parameters of biochemical control, IQ or VEP latency. The nature and prognosis of MRI abnormalities in neurologically normal PKU patients remain unclear although abnormalities in VEPs which were not associated with the degree of MRI abnormalities in our sample indicate a disturbance in myelination along the visual pathways.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00014255
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intelligence and professional career in young adults treated early for phenylketonuria (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 155 (1996), S. S97 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Phenylketonuria ; Intelligence ; Education ; Professional career ; Phenylalanine ; control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The intellectual status and professional careers of 51 young adults with phenylketonuria whose treatment started before 3 months of age are described. Their mean IQ was 97 (SD = 16). Of the IQs, 4% were more than 2 SD below the norm. The distribution of types of schooling of the patients was comparable to that in the German population. The professional careers of nearly all the patients were according to their educational level. Within the sample the outcome was significantly correlated with phenylalanine (Phe) control, even when the patients’ social background was statistically taken into account. The main influence of Phe on intelligence seems to occur during the first decade of life since IQ data remain stable even after Phe levels increased during adolescence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00014262
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Congenital microgastria, growth hormone deficiency and diabetes insipidus (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 156 (1996), S. 37-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Congenital microgastria  ;  Asplenia  ; Midline defect  ;  Axial mesodermal dysplasia spectrum ; VACTERL association
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Microgastria is a rare malformation of the stomach always associated with variable patterns of malformations of the lung, heart, aortic arch, skeleton, and central nervous system. Many cases present with asplenia and hepatic symmetry as well as intestinal malrotation. We report a first case of a 4.5-year-old girl with congenital microgastria in association with growth hormone deficiency, diabetes insipidus, brachyoesophagus, hernia of the diaphragm, gastro-oesophageal reflux, intestinal malrotation, enlarged symmetrical liver, asplenia, as well as mental and statomotor retardation. Conclusion Congenital microgastria is always asso‐ciated with malformations of other organs. Patients at any age presenting one of the symptoms: failure to thrive, vomiting, asplenia, midline defects and parts of the VACTERL association should be carefully examined to exclude microgastria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004310050549
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An ileX tRNA gene is located close to the Shiga toxin II operon in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157 and non-O157 strains (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 149 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A cosmid library of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 strain EDL 933 was constructed and clones carrying the stx2 gene were identified by colony blot hybridization with a stx2B specific probe. Nucleotide sequencing upstream of the stx2A gene revealed high sequence identities of 89.5% to the ileX tRNA gene found in E. coli. The ileX gene was located 260 bp from the translational start codon of stx2A. PCR analysis with primers specific for this analyzed region showed that in 11 Stx2-producing EHEC strains from patients with hemolytic uremic syndrome, all PCR-positive strains carried the ileX tRNA gene. However, PCR analysis of the respective region in 11 Stx1-producing EHEC strains detected no ileX genes. Although the role of ileX in Stx2-producing EHEC strains is not clear, its function in regard to the use of rare codons and as an integration site is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1997.tb10305.x
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tunneling-like magnetoresistance in bicrystal La0.8Sr0.2MnO3−δ thin films (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 73 (1998), S. 2506-2508 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Epitaxial ferromagnetic La0.8Sr0.2MnO3−δ films have been sputtered on SrTiO3 bicrystal substrates. Etched patterns crossing the bicrystal grain boundary are compared with identical patterns not crossing it. The films were annealed at different conditions and their magnetoresistance measured as a function of temperature T and of in plane magnetic field H strength and direction. Annealing at 900 °C was found to modify the grain boundary and to increase its magnetoresistance. For H=±80 Oe parallel to the grain boundary and T=32 K narrow magnetoresistance peaks of 60% height are measured. They are interpreted in the frame of an in plane magnetotunneling structure. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.122497
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