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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Medical microbiology and immunology 162 (1976), S. 183-192 
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Forty-two patients with herpes simplex virus infections were tested for neutralizing serum IgM antibodies. A technique in which serum antibody fluorescein staining was combined with sucrose gradient centrifugation facilitated the isolation of the serum IgM fraction for the use in neutralization tests. In nearly all cases with primary infection, especially those presenting heavy clinical signs (encephalitis/meningitis) the IgM tests were positive. In one case we could detect the IgM antibodies for 11 weeks after the onset of the illness, in another case in cerebrospinal fluid samples for 6 weeks. In localized herpes infections, which were mostly due to reactivations, serum IgM antibodies could only rarely be demonstrated. Among the serologic tests used in this study (NT, CFT, IFT, ACIFT), only the CFT beside the NT (with certain reservations) can be applied for subtyping HSV serum antibodies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract By absorption with protein A and specific immunosorption using insolubilized adsorbentia (CPG), a method was developed for rapid elimination of IgG and IgA from patients' serum samples. This test technique was examined in the diagnosis of rubella infections, i.e., rubella-specific IgM antibodies. The procedure has proven to be as reliable as determinations carried out with IgM fractions separated on a sucrose density gradient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Sera of patients with acute (AH) and chronic active hepatitis (CAH) were tested for anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) x-protein (HBx) by immunoblotting, using recombinant MS2- and βgal-HBx fusion proteins as substrate. Antibodies against HBx were detected in 5 out of 17 patients with AH at an early stage of infection, and in 13 out of 35 patients with CAH. Positive sera from AH patients showed a relatively weak anti-HBx reactivity when compared to sera from CAH patients. In follow up studies we tested serial serum samples from patients positive for anti-HBx. Patients with AH were observed for 3 to 6 weeks and CAH patients for up to 51 months. In general anti-HBx reactivities appeared to be stable although significant differences in apparent antibody levels were noted when sera from individual patients were compared. Our data further support an early expression of HBx-antigen in HBV-infected individuals. There was no correlation between HBe-antigen and anti-HBx in CAH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Infection 24 (1996), S. 327-327 
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Infection 24 (1996), S. 360-360 
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Infection 19 (1991), S. 400-400 
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Infection 25 (1997), S. 269-273 
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Conclusion CMV disease is an important peristent factor for enhanced morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. In high-risk patients the prevention of primary infection or reactivation of latent infection is endeavoured by means of various antiviral strategies. However, the prevention of CMV disease by immunomodulators appears to be a hopeful additional tool for the treatment of immunocompromised patients and ought to be further investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Infection 25 (1997), S. 345-345 
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Keywords: Key Words Cellular resistance ; TK1 activity ; HIV-1 ; Zidovudine ; Antiretroviral therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cellular cytoplasmatic thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) catalyzes the intracellular phosphorylation of anti-HIV-1 nucleoside analogs zidovudine (AZT) and stavudine (d4T) to the corresponding monophosphate form. In HIV-1-infected patients, treated with combination therapy including one of these compounds for more than 1 year, enzymatic activity of TK1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was determined by radioactive assay. TK1 activity in PBMC of HIV-1-infected patients correlated with CD4 cell count (r = 0.4, p 〈 0.05) and HIV-1 RNA copy number (r = 0.4, p 〈 0.05), being lower in patients with decreased CD4 cell count and high viral load. Furthermore, TK1 activity differs between HIV-1-infected individuals treated for more than 6 months (13.5 pmol/mg/h) compared to patients treated for less than 6 months (28.1 pmol/mg/h; p 〈 0.05) with chemotherapeutic agents including thymidine analogs. The results demonstrate that TK1 deficiency in PBMC of HIV-1 infected patients may develop due to continuous treatment with thymidine analogs and correlates with a more progressed stage of disease expressed as diminished CD4 cell count and increased viral load.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Wir berichten über einen Fall von Herpes simplex-Virus-Enzephalitis (HSE), die nach anfänglich erfolgreicher Behandlung mit Acyclovir einen ungewöhnlichen Verlauf nahm. Die Diagnose einer HSE wurde serologisch und durch wiederholten Nachweis von HSV-spezifischen DNA-Sequenzen im Liquor cerebrospinalis geführt und durch zerebrale Bildgebung gestützt. Nachdem sich sowohl die neurologische Symptomatik als auch die Laborbefunde unter Therapie mit Acyclovir anfänglich gebessert hatten, verschlechterte sich in der Folge der klinische Zustand des Patienten wieder, einhergehend mit einer erneuten Zunahme von Pleozytose und Proteinkonzentration im Liquor. Kernspintomographisch zeigten sich beidseitige, vorwiegend temporal lokalisierte Läsionen, vereinbar mit der Diagnose eines Rückfalles der HSE. Der Patient reagierte gut auf einen zweiten antiviralen Therapiezyklus, benötigte anschließend aber wegen einer erneuten Verschlechterung einen dritten Therapiezyklus. HSV-spezifische DNA-Sequenzen konnten in mehreren nach Ablauf der ersten Krankheitswoche gewonnenen Liquorproben nicht nachgewiesen werden, doch zeigte die Kernspintomographie zunehmende, für eine HSE typische entzündliche Veränderungen während der Rückfälle. HSV-Antikörper der Klasse IgM konnten vier Wochen nach Erkrankungsbeginn erstmals im Liquor nachgewiesen werden und blieben über mindestens sieben Wochen nachweisbar. Ursachen für die wiederholten Verschlechterungen und mögliche Erklärungen für das Fehlen von HSV-DNA trotz vermuteter Rückfälle werden diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary This is a report on a case of herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) taking an unusual course after initially successful acyclovir therapy. The etiology of HSE was proven serologically, by repeated detection of herpes simplex virus (HSV)-specific DNA sequences in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and was supported by cerebral imaging. After both the neurological symptoms and laboratory findings had improved initially under acyclovir therapy, the patient's clinical condition deteriorated accompanied by a renewed increase in CSF pleocytosis and protein content. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging confirmed the finding of bilateral, mainly temporal lesions compatible with a diagnosis of relapsing HSE. The patient responded well to a second cycle of antiviral therapy but required a third treatment cycle due to renewed deterioration later on. HSV-specific DNA sequences could not be demonstrated in several consecutive CSF samples taken after the first week of illness but increased inflammatory changes typical of HSE were seen on NMR during phases of deterioration. IgM-class antibodies against HSV were detected in CSF 4 weeks after onset of symptoms and stayed positive for at least 7 weeks. Reasons for the repeated deterioration and possible explanations for the absence of HSV DNA in spite of what could be seen as relapses are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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