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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Peritonealdialyse bei einem Fall von Leberkoma im Kindesalter (1967)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 101 (1967), S. 1-5 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Coma hepaticum ; Peritonealdialyse ; Kindesalter
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Discription of a case of liver coma in a 5 year old patient who was suffering from transfusion hepatitis. She was treated by peritoneal dialysis over a period af 6 days under continous control of body water, serum electrolytes and of the acid base balance. During this treatment the patient improved dramatically. Two months later the child was clinically without pathological findings. The liverfunction tests had returned to normal values.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00440320
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnesium pyridoxal 5-phosphate glutamate reduces hyperlipidaemia in patients with chronic renal insufficiency (1988)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 34 (1988), S. 133-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: hyperlipidaemia ; magnesium pyridoxal 5-phosphate glutamate ; renal insufficiency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Chronic renal insufficiency is often accompanied by hyperlipidaemia and subsequent coronary heart disease. Two groups of 15 patients with serum creatinine 〉2 mg/100 ml and serum cholesterol 〉250 mg/100 ml were given 3×50 mg magnesium pyridoxal 5-phosphate glutamate (MPPG) or placebo for 12 weeks in a double-blind, randomised study. Total cholesterol in the MPPG group (282.4 mg·100 ml−1) was lower than in the placebo group (354.3 mg·100 ml−1) after 12 weeks of treatment. Triglycerides in the MPPG group were 265.1 mg·100 ml−1 compared to 361.9 mg·100 ml−1. After 12 weeks on MPPG the LDL/HDL ratio of 3.56 was lower than in the placebo group — 6.83. Side effects in the MPPG group were similar to those in the placebo group. Thus, MPPG was an effective antihyperlipidaemic agent in patients with renal insufficiency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00614549
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of ramipril in hypertensive patients with renal insufficiency (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 37 (1989), S. 249-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: ramipril ; renal insufficiency ; hypertension ; pharmacokinetics ; ramiprilat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In an open trial, the pharmacokinetics of ramipril and its active metabolite ramiprilat were studied in 25 hypertensive patients with various degrees of renal insufficiency given 5 mg ramipril p.o. for 14 days. Ramipril was rapidly absorbed and reached a peak concentration after 1–2 h. Cmax was greater in patients with severe renal insufficiency, which might indicate a reduced renal elimination rate, although, the rapid decline of the concentration-time curve for ramipril was almost independent of renal function. The mean initial apparent half-lives on Days 1 and 12, respectively, were 2.8 and 3.4 h (Group I: creatinine clearance 5–15 ml/min), 1.8 and 2.3 h (Group II: creatinine clearance 15–40 ml/min), and 1.9 and 1.9 h (Group III: creatinine clearance 40–80 ml/min). No accumulation was observed after multiple dosing. In contrast, the kinetics of its active acid metabolite ramiprilat was significantly influenced by renal function. The mean times to the peak plasma concentration were 5.7 h in Group I, 4.4 h in Group II and 3.8 h in Group III. The initial decline in plasma ramiprilat was dependent upon renal function; the mean initial apparent half-lives (Days 1 and 12, respectively) were 16.0 and 14.8 h (Group I), 10.1 and 9.5 h (Group II) and 10.6 and 8.0 h (Group III). Mean trough concentrations and absolute accumulation also increased with worsening renal function, and the renal clearance of ramiprilat was significantly correlated with the creatinine clearance. The subsequent long terminal phase at low plasma ramiprilat concentrations represented slow dissociation of the ACE-inhibitor complex. The study indicates that in patients with severe renal insufficiency (creatinine clearance below 30 ml/min) smaller doses of ramipril are required than in patients with normal or borderline renal function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00679779
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of oral contraceptive agents on kidney function and protein metabolism (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 43 (1992), S. 643-646 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Oral contraceptives ; protein metabolism, renal protein excretion, electrolyte excretion, creatinine clearance, nitrogen excretion rate, protein intake
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The present study was an investigation of the effect of oral contraceptives on kidney function as well as a brief examination of protein metabolism, since glomerular filtration rate depends to a large extent on daily protein intake. 28 healthy women not taking contraceptives and 46 healthy women (aged 20–28 y) on one of three different types of oral contraceptive (combination preparations) were investigated [Minulet®/Femovano®, Marvelon®, Diane®]. In all groups on oral contraceptives the endogenous creatinine clearance was significantly increased. The potassium excretion rate was significantly elevated in the groups taking Marvelon® and Diane®, and the sodium excretion rate was significantly increased in those on Minulet®/Femovan® and Diane®. In all groups on contraceptives the albumin excretion rate was numerically but not significantly elevated. No significant differences were found in the daily oral protein intake or the nitrogen excretion rate on comparing the groups taking contraceptives with the control group. However, the ratio nitrogen excretion rate/daily protein intake was significantly increased in those on Minulet®/Femovan® and Diane®. The study has shown that besides their various effects on renal tubular function, oral contraceptives are able to increase the glomerular filtration rate, and certain types have a protein catabolic effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02284965
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eliminationskinetik von Cefamandol bei Patienten mit dialysebedürftiger Niereninsuffizienz (1978)
    Springer
    Infection 6 (1978), S. S238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The elimination kinetics of cefamandole during dialysis and without dialysis was investigated in five subjects with normal kidney function and in 12 patients with renal insufficiency requiring dialysis (dialyses three times a week for four hours). In patients with renal insufficiency, the half-life of cefamandole was prolonged by approximately ninefold, from 36.6 min to 330 min, during the interval without dialysis. During dialysis, the elimination half-life was reduced by slightly more than one-half to 148 min in patients with renal insufficiency; the dialysance of cefamandole ranged between 37 and 56 ml/min, depending on the serum levels. The variation in half-life was significantly lower while patients were undergoing dialysis than during the interval without dialysis. On the basis of this pharmacokinetic data, it is strongly advised to reduce the cefamandole dosage in patients with renal insufficiency. In view of the altered elimination kinetics of the antibiotic during dialysis, individual serum level determinations should be performed to control cefamandole therapy in patients undergoing dialysis.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei fünf nierengesunden Probanden sowie bei 12 Patienten mit dialysebedürftiger Niereninsuffizienz (Dialysen dreimal wöchentlich jeweils vier Std.) wurde die Eliminationskinetik von Cefamandol mit und ohne Dialysebehandlung untersucht. Bei niereninsuffizienten Patienten im dialysefreien Intervall war die Halbwertszeit von Cefamandol von 36,6 min auf 330 min um etwa das Neunfache verlängert. Unter der Dialysebehandlung wurde die Eliminationshalbwertszeit bei niereninsuffizienten Patienten mit 148 min auf etwas weniger als die Hälfte verkürzt, die Dialysance des Cefamandols bewegte sich in Abhängigkeit von den Serumspiegeln zwischen 37 und 56 ml/min. Die Streuung der Halbwertszeiten war bei den Patienten unter Dialysebehandlung wesentlich geringer als im dialysefreien Intervall. Aufgrund der vorliegenden pharmakokinetischen Daten empfiehlt sich bei bestehender Niereninsuffizienz unbedingt eine Reduktion der Cefamandol-Dosis. Bei Verwendung von Cefamandol unter Dialysetherapie sollten wegen der durch die Dialyse veränderten Eliminationskinetik des Antibiotikums in Einzelfällen Serumspiegelmessungen zur Therapiekontrolle durchgeführt werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01638981
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmakokinetik von Cefotaxim bei Patienten mit dialysepflichtiger Niereninsuffizienz (1980)
    Springer
    Infection 8 (1980), S. S480 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Six healthy test persons and 14 patients with renal insufficiency requiring dialysis were studied in order to determine the elimination kinetics of cefotaxime. The patients were studied while undergoing haemodialysis and during the interval between dialyses. The half-life increased 17-fold from 51.6 min to 14.6 h during the interval between dialyses. Haemodialysis reduced the half-life to 1.69 h, or one-eighth of the original period. The dialysance of cefotaxime is approximately 60 ml/min. The volume of distribution was 15% of the body weight. On the basis of the pharmacokinetic data presented, the dosis for patients with renal insufficiency requiring dialysis should be reduced to approximately 1/5 to 1/10 of the normal dose.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei sechs gesunden Probanden und bei 14 patienten mit dialysepflichtiger Niereninsuffizienz wurde die Eliminationskinetik von Cefotaxim untersucht, bei den Patienten sowohl unter der Hämodialyse wie auch im dialysefreien Intervall. Die Halbwertszeit war im Dialyseintervall von 51,6 Minuten auf 14,6 Stunden um das 17fache verlängert. Durch die Hämodialyse verkürzte sich die Halbwertszeit mit 1,69 Stunden auf ein Achtel, die Dialysance des Cefotaxims liegt bei ca. 60 ml/min. Das Verteilungsvolumen berechnete sich auf 15% des Körpergewichts. Aufgrund der vorgelegten pharmakokinetischen Daten sollte bei dialysepflichtigen niereninsuffizienten Patienten eine Dosisreduktion auf etwa 1/5 bis 1/10 der Normaldosis vorgenommen werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01639427
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Geschichtlicher Überblick über die Behandlung des Akuten Nierenversagens in Deutschland (2000)
    Springer
    Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin 37 (2000), S. 187-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1420
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003900050323
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    206. Klinische Erfahrungen mit der Nierentransplantation (1971)
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 329 (1971), S. 814-814 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Vom Juni 1967 bis März 1971 wurden an der Chirurgischen Universitätsklinik Köln-Lindenthal 21 allogene Nierentransplantationen bei 19 Patienten durchgeführt. 14 Patienten überleben, 12 davon mit ausreichender bis guter Nierenfunktion, 2 sind zurück im Dauerdialyseprogramm. Als tödliehe Komplikationen traten 3 mal eine Pneumonie auf (davon einmal mit Cytomegalie Virus), einmal ein Hirnödem nach hyperakuter AbstoBung mit maligner Hypertonie und einmal wahrscheinlich eine akute Oxalose nach einer zweiten Transplantation mit erneuter hyperakuter Abstoßung. An lokalen chirurgischen Komplikationen war die Harnfistel nach 4 Transplantationen am häufigsten. An allgemeinen Komplikationen scheint eine dreifache Jejunumperforation, wahrscheinlich als Folge der Cortison-Medikation, besonders bemerkenswert. Auf Grund der eigenen Erfahrungen und entsprechender Literaturhinweise scheinen uns z. Z. 2 Gesichtspunkte für die Nierentransplantation besonders wichtig: 1. keine Transplantation ohne negativen Kreuztest, 2. eine lebensfrische, evtl. gut konservierte Niere ist besser als eine lediglich gut nach Leukocytengruppen getestete. Mit diesen Grundsätzen hoffen wir, die guten eigenen Ergebnisse des Jahres 1970 (nur 1 Todesfall und 7 funktionierende Nieren bei 10 Transplantationen) beibehalten bzw. noch verbessern zu können.
    Notes: Summary Between June 1967 and March 1971, 21 allogenic renal transplantations, in 19 patients, were carried out at the Surgical University Clinic, Cologne. 14 of these patients are still alive, of whom 12 have “sufficient” or “good” renal function and 2 are back in dialysis programm. Fatal complications were pneumonia in three cases (one caused by the cytomegaly virus), cerebral oedema after hyperacute rejection with malignant hypertension in one case, and in one case probably an acute oxalosis following a second transplantation, with renewed hyper-acute rejection. The most common local surgical complication was a urinary fistula which occurred after four of the transplantations. Of the general complications a triple jejunal perforation, probably due to cortisone treatment, is of particular interest. Based on our own experience and the relevant literature, there would seem to be two important rules in kidney transplantations: 1. No transplantation without a negative cross-test. 2. A fresh or a well-preserved kidney is better than one that is merely suitable according to leucocyte group tests. With these principles of selection we hope to maintain or even improve on our satisfactory results of 1970 (only one death and seven functioning kidneys out of ten renal transplantations).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01770635
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nephrologie Entwicklung der klinischen Nephrologie seit 1945 (1998)
    Springer
    Der Internist 39 (1998), S. 362-365 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1289
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001080050182
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    66jährige Patientin mit Myxödem und Polyserositis (2000)
    Springer
    Der Internist 41 (2000), S. 161-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1289
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter ; Hashimoto-Thyreoiditis ; Hypothyreose ; Polyserositis ; Perikarderguß ; Myxödem
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Eine 66-jährige Patientin wies neben einem Pleuraempyem und sämtlichen klinischen Anzeichen einer akuten globalen Herzinsuffizienz typische Stigmata einer Hypothyreose auf (Myxödem, diffuser Haarausfall). Aufgrund einer komatösen Bewußtseinslage mußte von einem Myxödemkoma ausgegangen werden. Laborchemisch bestätigte sich der Verdacht, und die Diagnose einer chronisch lymphozytären Thyreoiditis (Hashimoto-Thyreoiditis) wurde bei Nachweis von Autoantikörpern gestellt. Schwere Infektionen, wie das Pleuraempyem in der vorgestellten Kasuistik, treten im Rahmen von Hypothyreosen auf, andererseits können durch Streßsituationen hypothyreote Stoffwechsellagen klinisch manifest werden. Ein hämodynamisch wirksamer Perikarderguß lag vor, wie er im Rahmen von Hypothyreosen gehäuft auftritt, und hat zu der kardialen Dekompensation beigetragen. Nach Entlastung des Perikardergusses und hochdosierter Hormonsubstitution besserte sich das klinische Bild innerhalb kurzer Zeit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001080050020
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