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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bacteria-Specific T-Cell Clones are Selective in their Reactivity Towards Different Enterobacteria or H. pylori and Increased in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (1996)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 44 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In the present study the authors investigated the T-cell response to different enterobacteria or Helicobacter pylori and tested the hypothesis that the frequency of bacteria-specific T cells is increased in the intestine of patients with active inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), i.e. Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The analysis of a large panel of T-cell clones (Tc) (n = 888) from peripheral blood, non-inflamed and inflamed intestine from IBD patients and control individuals shows that both peripheral blood and intestinal T-cell clones were selectively stimulated by either Salmonella typhimurium Yersinia enterocolitica 03, Escherichia coli or Helcobacter pylori sonicates, that only 〈 3% of all bacteria-reactive Tc were crossreactive and that proliferation to bacterial sonicates was inhibited by anti-MHC class II antibody. In addition, bacteria-specific Tc from IBD patients were more frequently isolated from inflamed intestine than from peripheral blood (P = 0.0039) or non-inflamed intestine. These data, from a large number of T-cell clones, are the first systematic analysis describing the response of individual T cells towards different bacterial species (ssp.). They show that T cells with specificity for distinct antigens or superantigens that are characteristic for a defined bacteria ssp. are present in normal, and increased in inflamed, IBD-intestine. These bacteria-specific Tc may play a role in IBD pathogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.1996.d01-273.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antisense Phosphorothioate Oligonucleotides to the p65 Subunit of NF-κB Abrogate Fulminant Septic Shock Induced by S. typhimurium in Mice (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 54 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The aim of this study was to characterize the functional relevance of the transcription factor NF-κB in the pathogenesis of septic shock. BALB/c mice were infected with two wild-type (WT 1, WT 2) strains of S. typhimurium that induce NF-κB or an escape variant that lacks this ability (P21) at a dose of 1 × 109/animal, respectively. Furthermore, wild-type infected mice were treated with antisense oligonucleotides directed against NF-κB 24 h before and 3 or 6 h after infection, while mismatched oligonucleotides were used as controls. Subsequently, the clinical course, histological and immunological alterations were monitored. Infection with WT 1 and WT 2 strains led to lethal septic shock within 24–36 h. In contrast, infection with the P21 variant was not followed by fulminant septic shock. Treatment with specific antisense oligonucleotides against the p65 subunit of NF-κB 24 h before infection prevented the development of fulminant, lethal septic shock and was associated with a significant increase of survival. After 20 h, markedly depressed serum levels of interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-6 but not IL-10 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α were observed in p65 antisense-treated compared to mismatched-treated animals. These data show that the ability of S. typhimurium to induce lethal septic shock is critically dependent on their capacity to induce NF-κB.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.2001.00986.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recognition of Human Renal Cell Carcinoma and Melanoma by HLA-A2-Restricted Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes is Mediated by Shared Peptide Epitopes and Up-Regulated by Interferon-γ (1996)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 44 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) have previously been isolated from peripheral blood of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The CD8-positive CTL line MZ1257-CTL-5 (CTL-5) has been shown to lyse autologous cultured RCC cells in an HLA-A2 restricted fashion. Allogeneic, HLA-A2-matched RCC and melanoma cell lines were also lysed by CTL-5, suggesting that melanoma and renal cancer share antigenic determinants. The aim of the study was to determine whether RCC and melanoma share peptide epitopes that are recognized by CTL-5 in the context of HLA-A2 molecules. Peptides were acid-eluted from various cell lines, separated by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), and assessed for their ability to reconstitute the CTL-5-defined epitope by pulsing the peptides on HLA-A2 positive antigen-processing mutant cell line CEM × 721.174.T2 (T2). Peptides eluted from allogeneic HLA-A2-matched RCC and melanoma cell lines exhibited the CTL-5-defined epitope in the same HPLC fractions as peptides derived from the autologous RCC line. Renal cancer and melanoma cells preincubated with interferon-γ (IFN-γ) resulted in an additional peak of reconstitution activity in both cell types. This second lytic peak was also observed when high amounts of autologous RCC cells were used for peptide preparation without IFN-γ pretreatment, indicating that IFN-γ increases the amount of MHC class I/peptide complexes per cell, rather than inducing a neo-epitope.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.1996.d01-304.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In Vivo and in Vitro Binding of IgA to the Plasma Membrane of Hepatocytes (1978)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 8 (1978), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: IgA bound in vivo was shown by immunofluorescence on the plasma membrane of isolated hepatocytes from subjects with normal liver and patients with liver cirrhosis, chronic active hepatitis or fatty liver. IgA in sera with elevated IgA concentrations, especially from cases with alcoholic cirrhosis, was bound in vitro to isolated hepatocytes from rabbit and mouse. This was not due to the high IgA concentration per se. Moreover, polyclonal polymeric serum-type and secretory IgA, and three often polymeric monoclonal IgA preparations, showed similar binding properties. Conversely, purified polyclonal and monoclonal monomeric IgA did not show affinity for the hepatocytes. The binding of polymeric IgA did not seem to depend on the proportion of dimers and larger polymers, κ or λ-type light chains, heavy-chain subclasses, content of J chain or affinity for secretory component. The in vivo binding of IgA by hepatocytes is probably a physiological phenomenon which in part may explain the normal clearance of polymeric IgA from serum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1978.tb00554.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HLA-B27-Restricted Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Responses to Arthritogenic Enterobacteria or Self-Antigens are Dominated by Closely Related TCRBV Gene Segments. A Study in Patients with Reactive Arthritis (1996)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 43 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Identification of the T-cell receptors (TCR) used by synovial cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) of patients with reactive arthritis (ReA) may be crucial to better understanding the pathogenetic mechanism underlying the HLA-B27 association ofspondylarthropathies. The authors, therefore, sequenced 25 TCRB chains from HLA-B27-restricted CD8+ CTL clones and two clonal lines specific for self- or Yersinia enterocolitica antigen isolated from synovial fluids of 3HLA-B27+ patients with ReA and PBL of one healthy HLA-B27+ individual. Fourteen non-HLA-B27-restricted CTL served as controls. Both autoreactive and Y. enterocolitica specific HLA-B27-restricted CTL used a highlylimited set of VB genes with preferential rearrangement of three closely related VB families (VB 13,14,17), suggesting that these families contain a preferred site for contact with the HLA-B27 molecule. In addition, the presence of limited TCRBJ usage,limited heterogeneity in CDR3 sequences and dominant clones from individual donors among these CTL indicate that TCRB chain usage is further restricted by a limited set of peptides bound to the HLA-B27 molecule. Limited TCR usage by SF CTL of ReA patients may lay a basis for therapeutical manipulation of the T-cell response in the spondylarthropathies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.1996.d01-16.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Induktion einer aktiven chronischen Hepatitis durch heterologe lösliche Leberproteine (1968)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 345 (1968), S. 365-376 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Untersuchungen gehen von dem früher geführten Nachweis eines im immunologischen Sinne organspezifischen und weitgehend speciesexclusiven Proteins der Leber aus. Entsprechende Proteinpräparationen aus menschlichen Lebern wurden zur Sensibilisierung von Kaninchen eingesetzt. 1. Bei langdauernder Sensibilisierung (über 1 Jahr) mit kleinen Dosen gelang beim erwachsenen Kaninchen die Induktion einer Immuntoleranz, die durch Applikation von hitzeund sulfanilsäurealteriertem Protein durchbrochen werden konnte; gleichzeitig konnte eine Hypersensibilität vom verzögerten Typ induziert werden. Histologisch fand sich bei allen Tieren eine aktive chronische Hepatitis; die übrigen Organe (Herz, Lunge, Skeletmuskulatur, Schilddrüse und Niere) waren frei von pathologischen Veränderungen. 2. Bei kurzzeitiger Sensibilisierung (3 Monate) mit hohen Dosen fand sich histologisch lediglich eine dichtzellige lymphocytäre Infiltration der Periportalfelder der Leber; nur bei einem Tier bestanden geringe Hinweiszeichen auf eine beginnende chronische Lebererkrankung. In der Diskussion wird auf die serologisch nachweisbare Antigenverwandtschaft der entsprechenden Proteine von humaner und Kaninchenleber hingewiesen. Für die Entwicklung einer chronisch-progredienten Organerkrankung scheint die Ausbildung einer Hypersensitivität vom verzögerten Typ im Rahmen einer langdauernden Stimulierung wesentlich zu sein.
    Notes: Summary These investigations are concerned with species- and organspecific liver proteins, demonstrated in earlier studies. Rabbits were sensitized utilizing similar protein-preparations obtained from human liver. 1. With long-term sensitizations (approximately one year) immuntolerances were induced in adult rabbits by chronic administration of small doses of protein. The state of immun tolerance could be disturbed by applying of heat- and sulfanilic acid-altered protein, which at the same time could be shown to have induced hypersensitivity of delayed type. — Histologically active chronic hepatitis was found in all animals. Other organs such as heart, lung, skeletal muscle, thyroid gland and kidney were not affected. 2. In short-term sensitizations with a high dosis of liver protein only dense lymphocytic infiltrations in the periportal areas were found histologically. In one animal only early changes of a chronic hepatitis were seen. Antigenic relations between human and rabbit liver proteins, as demonstrated earlier by serological techniques, are discussed in detail. Hypersensitivity of the delayed type would seem to play an important role in the development of active chronic hepatitis. This condition can be produced with long-term stimulations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00586254
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New cell lines of gastric and pancreatic cancer: distinct morphology, growth characteristics, expression of epithelial and immunoregulatory antigens (1995)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 426 (1995), S. 375-384 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Stomach neoplasms ; Pancreatic neoplasms ; Cell differentiation ; Histocompatibility antigens ; Interferon gamma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two new cell lines from stomach cancers and one from a pancreatic carcinoma are presented. MZ-GC-1 was established from a hepatic metastasis of a well differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma. MZ-GC-2 was derived from ascites induced by a poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma. MZ-PC-1 originated from the pleural effusion of a moderately well differentiated pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. MZ-GC-1 cells were adherent and partially polarized, connected tightly via desmosomes. In contrast MZ-GC-2 cells consisted of slightly adherent or floating subpopulations and displayed no desmosomes. MZ-PC-1 cells were adherent and showed polarized growth, connected by apical junctional complexes. Cell doubling times were 7 days for MZ-GC-1 and 45 h for MZ-GC-2 and MZ-PC-1 cells. MZ-GC-2 and MZ-PC-1 gave rise to nude mouse tumours, resembling the original lesions. Chromosome analysis of the cell lines revealed a high range of numerical abnormalities. Each cell line had cytokeratin patterns fitting well to typical in vivo patterns. Furthermore the cell lines expressed a panel of antigens typical for gastrointestinal epithelia. Unique for MZ-PC-1 were high amounts of secreted Ca19-9. γ-Interferon enhanced HLA-class I antigens up to twofold and induced ICAM-1 expression on each cell line. HLA-class II antigens were differentially enhanced by γ-interferon. Due to their distinct characteristics the three tumour cell lines may be useful models in the investigation of the cell biology and immunogenicity of gastrointestinal tumours.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00191347
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Untersuchungen zur Frage organspezifischer Antigene der Leber (1966)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 44 (1966), S. 654-656 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Investigations are reported, in which the presence of species-unspecific and organ-specific factors against at least one of the soluble proteins of liver tissue of 4 patients with chronic hepatitis is shown. These findings were confirmed by animal experiments. Rabbits, immunized with homogenates of rat liver, kidney, and thyroid formed mainly macroglobulinantibodies during the first 10 days following the completion of immunization. After the 20th day mainly heatstable (65° C) 7-s-antibodies were produced. In the antisera against rat liever homogenate 7-s-antibodies against at least one of the soluble proteins of rat liver were found. A detailed presentation of the findings will soon be published in the Deutsches Archiv für klinische Medizin.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wird über den Nachweis speciesunspezifischer bzw. organspezifischer Faktoren gegen mindestens ein Protein der löslichen Proteinfraktionen von Lebergeweben bei vier Patienten mit chronischer Hepatitis berichtet. Die Befunde konnten tierexperimentell bestätigt werden. Mit Rattenleber-, -nieren- bzw. -schilddrüsenhomogenat immunisierte Kaninchen bildeten in den ersten 8–10 Tagen nach der letzten Immunisierung vorwiegend Makroglobulinantikörper, nach dem 20. Tag nach der Immunisierung vorwiegend bei 65° hitzestabile 7-S-Globulin-Antikörper. In den Leberantiseren ließen sich 7-S-Antikörper gegen mindestens ein Protein der löslichen Proteinfraktion von Rattenlebern abgrenzen. Eine ausführliche Darstellung der Einzelbefunde soll in Kürze im Deutschen Archiv für klinische Medizin erfolgen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01745901
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunpathologische Begleiterkrankungen und -phänomene des Lupus erythematodes (1965)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 43 (1965), S. 892-898 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary One case of LED and myastenia gravis (Patient aged 33 years), two cases of LED and Thyroiditis (patients aged 42 and 35 years), and immunopathological phenomena of 13 patients with LED were reported. — 3 of 4 patients with LED and positive rheumatoid factors had in the preclinical phase of LED a history of rheumatoid arthritis. — There are leukocytagglutinins in 3 and plateletagglutinins in 2 patients. Both agglutinins were present in these patients. The cytopenia therefore seemed to be caused by autoantibodies. — Factors against species-unspecific cytoplasmatic fractions of rat and pig liver were found by complement fixation-test only in one case using the microsome and mitochondria fractions as antigen. — Thyroid-antibodies were directed against human thyreoglobulin in one case, and against the microsome fractions of normal and pathological human thyroid as well as thyreoglobulin of colloid goitre in another one. — The rare observation of LED and myastenia gravis gave rise to the discussion of the relation between autoimmun diseases and thymus function.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Über immunpathologische Begleiterkrankungen und -phänomene beim LED wird anhand eines Falles von LED und Myasthenia gravis (33jährige Patientin), 2 Fällen von LED und Thyreoiditis (42- bzw. 35jährige Patientinnen) und 7 bzw. 13 weiteren LED-Patienten berichtet. — Von 4 LED-Patienten mit positiven Rheumafaktoren waren 3 aus einer chronischen Polyarthritis rheumatica hervorgegangen. — Die nachgewiesenen Leuko- bzw. Thrombocytenagglutinine bei 3 bzw. 2 Patienten traten in 2 Fällen im Sinne autoantikörperbedingter Cytopenien kombiniert auf. — Faktoren gegen speciesunspezifische cytoplasmatische Fraktionen von Ratten-und Schweineleber waren mit der KBR nur in einem Falle unter Verwendung der Mikrosomen bzw. Mitochondrienfraktion als Antigen nachweisbar. — Die Schilddrüsenantikörper waren in dem einen Fall gegen menschliches Thyreoglobulin, im anderen Fall gegen die Mikrosomenfraktionen gesunder und kranker menschlicher Schilddrüsen sowie Thyreoglobulin einer Kolloidstruma gerichtet. — Die seltene Beobachtung eines LED, kombiniert mit Myasthenia gravis war Anlaß, die Beziehungen von Autoimmunleiden zur Thymusfunktion zu diskutieren.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01711255
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The diagnostic significance of intrahepatocellular hepatitis-B-surface-antigen (HB s Ag), hepatitis-B-core-antigen (HB c Ag) and IgG for the classification of inflammatory liver diseases (1975)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 53 (1975), S. 1069-1074 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Hepatitis-B-core-Antigen ; Hepatitis-B-surface-Antigen ; akute Hepatitis ; chronisch aktive Hepatitis ; gesunde HB s Ag-Träger ; Leberbiopsie ; fluorescierende Antikörpertechnik ; Hepatitis-B-core-antigen ; hepatitis-B-surface-antigen ; acute hepatitis ; chronic active hepatitis ; healthy HB s Ag-carriers ; liver biopsy ; fluorescent antibody technique
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Liver biopsies of patients with inflammatory liver diseases and clinically healthy HB s Ag-carriers were examined for presence of intracellular HB s Ag, HB c Ag and IgG by direct immunofluorescence. The studies revealed the following results: 1. In most cases healthy HB s Ag-carriers had HB s Ag in the cytoplasm, but they did never show HB c Ag in the nuclei of hepatocytes. 2. In the early phase some patients with HB s Ag-positive acute hepatitis had HB c Ag and/or HB s Ag in their hepatocytes. In a normal course with complete recovery the immunoelimination may clear either phenomenon at variable stages of the disease. 3. Cases one year after complete recovery of acute virus B-hepatitis had no HB-components in their liver tissue. 2 cases without immunoelimination of HB s Ag developed chronic active hepatitis within one year and had HB c Ag in their liver cell nuclei. 4. Patients with HB s Ag-positive CAH and highly inflammatory activity had HB c Ag in the nuclei and a low percentage of cells with HB s Ag in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes. HB s Ag-negative cases with CAH never had HB-components in their tissue. 5. Patients with HB s Ag-positive and -negative CAH in complete remission never had HB c Ag and HB s Ag in their hepatocytes. 6. Most cases with HB s Ag-positive acute hepatitis and chronic active hepatitis positive for HB c Ag had also IgG in the same liver cell nuclei. The coincidence of this finding gives strong evidence for the presence of anti-HB c in these liver cell nuclei. The importance of this finding for the course of the disease is unknown.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Wir untersuchten mit der direkten Immunfluorescenztechnik die Leberbiopsien von Patienten mit entzündlichen Lebererkrankungen auf intracelluläres HB s Ag, HB c Ag und IgG. Die Untersuchungen haben folgende Ergebnisse erbracht: 1. Klinisch gesunde HB s Ag-Träger hatten in den meisten Fällen HB s Ag im Cytoplasma, jedoch niemals HB c Ag in den Leberzellkernen. 2. Patienten mit HB s Ag-positiver akuter Hepatitis hatten in der Frühphase HB c Ag und/oder HB s Ag in den Hepatocyten. Unsere Befunde sprechen bei normalem Verlauf für eine komplette Immunelimination der HB-Komponenten zu verschiedenen Stadien der Erkrankung mit völliger Wiederherstellung. 3. Kontrollpunktate 1 Jahr nach Beginn einer HB s Ag-positiven Hepatitis zeigten bei völlig gesunden Patienten kein HB s Ag oder HB c Ag. Bei zwei Patienten ohne Immunelimination von HB s Ag entwickelte sich innerhalb eines Jahres eine chronisch aktive Hepatitis. Diese Patienten hatten HB c Ag in den Leberzellkernen. 4. Patienten mit HB s Ag-positiver CAH und Zeichen entzündlicher Aktivität hatten HB c Ag in den Zellkernen und in geringem Prozentsatz HB s Ag im Cytoplasma. HB s Ag-negative Fälle zeigten niemals HB-Komponenten im Gewebe. 5. In keinem Fall einer HB s Ag-positiven und -negativen CAH in Remission ließ sich HB s Ag und HB c Ag in Hepatocyten nachweisen. 6. In den meisten Fällen von HB s Ag-positiver AH und CAH, die HB c Ag-positiv waren, fand sich in den gleichen Zellkernen IgG. Die strenge Koinzidenz von HB c Ag und IgG läßt an das Vorliegen von anti-HB c in den Zellkernen denken. Die Bedeutung dieses Antikörpers in den Zellkernen für den weiteren Verlauf der Erkrankung ist unbekannt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01614383
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