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  • Artikel: DFG Deutsche Nationallizenzen  (4.468)
  • 1985-1989  (1.974)
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  • Artikel: DFG Deutsche Nationallizenzen  (4.468)
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  • 1985-1989  (1.974)
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  • 101
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Synthesis of 5-methyl-oxymorphone (3) was accomplished by oxidation of 5-methylthebaine (4) with performic acid, followed by catalytic hydrogenation and cleavage of the 3-MeO group. X-Ray analysis confirmed that the 14-OH group has, like the one in oxymorphone (1), β-orientation. Pharmacological studies in vivo and in vitro showed 3 to possess slightly less opioid agonistic properties than 1.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 102
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Synthesis of the Lichen Macrolide (+)-Aspicilin Using Photolactonization as a Key Reaction(+)-Aspicilin, obtained from a lichen source of the Black Forest, has been proven to have the absolute configuration depicted by formula la. It is easily built up from phenol (14a), 1,9-nonanediol (13a), and (-)-(S-) methyloxiarane (6) (cf. Scheme 2). The latter building block provides the first stereogenic center C(17). The heterocycle is produced by photolactonization, fairly early during the course of the synthesis. The second stereogenic center is generated diastereoselectively at C(6) in compound 8, conveniently available from photolactone 9a or 9b/9c. Its absolute configuration depends on the kind of reducing agent and is controlled by long-range conformational transmission of chiral information. To explore the cause of stereoselection, 2D-NMR spectroscopy, X-ray structural analysis, and/or computer-aided conformational search followed by energy minimization have been used extensively, revealing the importance of the local conformation of the lactone moiety. Compound 8, on treatment with Yamamoto's reagent, affords pre-target compound 7a almost exclusively. The latter compound, on pyridine-accelerated dihydroxylation with OsO4, gives preferentially (+)-Aspicilin.
    Zusätzliches Material: 37 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 103
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The two complexes [Ir4(CO)10(diarsine)] (1) and [Ir4(CO)10(1,5-cyclooctadiene)] (2) bear a bidentate ligand chelating one metal atom of the basal face of the Ir4 tetrahedron. However, they differ in fluxional behaviour as observed by 2D-exchange and variable-temperature 13C-NMR. The CO-site exchange with lowest activation energy proceeds via an unbridged intermediate in 2, whereas that in 1 occurs via a concerted edge-bridging of CO's to an alternative face of the metal core. This difference is apparently related to different ground-state geometries: the basal CO's are symmetrically bridging in 2, whereas two CO's are semi-bridging in 1. The molecular structure of 2 was determined by single crystal X-ray diffractometry. The crystals are orthorhombic, space group Pbca, a = 11.651(4), b = 13.118(3), c = 28.64(1)Å. The idealized molecular symmetry is Cs. The diolefin chelates a basal Ir-atom replacing an axial and a radial CO group on the tetrahedral metal-atom framework.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 104
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A new unnatural macrocyclic trichothecene, an analogue of verrucarine A (1), which was named 3-Isoverrucarin A ((1″-O)(3→4)abeo-verrucarin A; 3) was synthesized starting from anguidine (5). The two key reactions were the removal of the 4β-acetoxy group of anguidine (5) by a Barton deoxygenation and the final macrolactonization. During the cyclization procedure, two unexpected new macrocyclic by-products, which were named verrucinol (19) and verrucene (20), were formed. They represent novel types of macrocyclic trichothecenes, the macrolidic moiety of verrucene (20) consisting only of the (Z,E)-muconic-acid residue. The formation of the analogous macrolide 26 of verrucene (20) was not possible, probably because the ring strain is too strong.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 105
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The propensity of the N=N bond to undergo photo [2 + 2] cycloadditions has been further explored. In the specifically designed 1,5-azo/enes 1-3, no [2 + 2] cycloaddition has been observed upon either direct or sensitized excitation with light of various wave lengths at temperatures down to 77 K, in line with expectations based on X-ray (1: d = 2.71 Å, ω = 129°) and PE measurements (1: I1 = 8.00, I2 = 9.05 eV; 2; I1 = 8.00, I2 = 9.25eV). The steric/stereoelectronic demands for the participation of the N=N bond in pericyclic reactions are clearly more stringent than those for the C=C bond.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 106
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 1974-1982 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Thioalkylated Meldrum's acid is easily by treatment of Meldrum's acid with an aldehyde and thiophenol in the presence of catalytical amounts of piperidinium acetate (→1-6, Table 1). The adducts 1-6 are crystalline, stable compounds and they can be caused to react directly with nucleophiles and dienes (see 3→7-12, Scheme 1). The regeneration of the parent olefin is effected thereby by simply dissolving the adduct under neutral or basic conditions. Extension of this method to thiocarboxylic acids allowed the preparation of the corresponding formaldehyde derivatives 13 and 15 (Table 3).
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 107
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Synthesis of Triafulvene-Precursors from Trisubstituted CyclopropanesTrisubstituted cyclopropanes 5a-f are prepared by carbene addition to the appropriate olefins. While 5a (Y = OAc) and 5c (Y = Cl) rearrange in the presence of BuLi, 5d (Y = SPh) is stable enough to allow the envisaged sequence for triafulvene (Scheme 2) : halogen-Li exchange, followed by methylation of 6d, gives 7d in a 93% yield; after base-induced elimination of HBr from 7d, the key precursor 1-methylene-2-(phenylthio)cyclopropane (9, 70% yield) is isolated. Compound 9 is transformed into the corresponding sulfoxide 10 (83%), sulfone 11 (80%), and sulfonium fluoroborate 12 (95% yield) by subsequent oxidation and methylation, respectively. Some 1H-NMR results of cyclopropanes 5a-f and 7d as well as of methylidene-cyclopropanes 9-11 are discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 108
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The Esmeraldines A and B, Green Pigments from Streptomyces antibioticus, Strain Tü 2706From a strain of Sterptomyces antibioticus, Tü 2706, two dark green substances, the esmeraldines A and B, 4 and 3, respectively, were isolated. The structural elucidation was carried out by spectroscopic comparison with some simpler phenazines obtained from the same organism, saphenamycin (1) and related compounds, and by a series of chemical transformations. Esmeraldin B (3) is the 6-methylsalicylic acid ester, and esmeraldin A (4) a mixture of higher saturated and unsaturated fatty acid esters of esmeraldic acid. The latter is a heterocyclic compound with seven rings and four N-atoms, formally derived by condensation of two phenazine residues of the saphenic acid family. The esmeraldins are mixtures are of diastereoisomers.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 109
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 2173-2174 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 110
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The specific attachment of bathophenanthroline-ruthenium(II) complexes as non-radioactive label molecules to synthetically 5′-NH2-modified oligonucleotides is described. After excitation by light pulses, the fluorescence of these labels can be measured by a time-resolved mode woth high sensitivity. No quenching takes place due to coupling of the Ru complexes to the DNA. Ru-complex-labelled oligonucleotides still hybridize specifically to complementary DNA sequences, and no quenching is observed in the course of the hybridization process.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 111
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 2100-2110 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The molecular structure and electron-density distribution of two [1.1.1]propellane derivatives have been determined from accurate single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurements at 81 K. The crystals of these highly reactive compounds (both are liquid at room temperature) were grown directly on the X-ray diffractometer at ca. 208 and 228 K, respectively. Both compounds crystallize in the space group P21/c with one molecule in the asymmetric unit. The symmetry of the propellane C-atom skeleton is close to D3h for both molecules. The distances between the two bridgehead C-atoms are 1.587 and 1.585 Å, and the mean lengths of the propellane side bonds are 1.525 and 1.528 Å, respectively. The deformation density peaks of the propellane side bonds (ca. 0.25 e/Å3) lie somewhat outside the internuclear connection lines and so correspond to ‘bent bonds’ as expected. On the other hand, the difference electron density between the bridgehead nuclei is slightly negative in both molecules. An interesting feature, observed in these difference maps, is presence of a diffuse, positive difference density at each inverted C-atom, outside the bridgehead bond, a probable site of electrophilic attack.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 112
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988) 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 113
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 47-56 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The ‘syn’-1,3-diols 3,4 and 5 with a C7, C6, and C5 chain, respectively, were synthesized from methyl hydrogen 3-hydroxyglutarate (2; Schemes 1 and 2). The latter is available in (R)- and (S)-configuration. Octyl (3R)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate (17) is an alternative starting material for the preparation of 5 (Scheme 3.) The epoxide 20, derived from 5 in a one-pot reaction, is a versatile synthon, which selectively reacts with a great number of nucleophiles (Scheme 4).
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  • 114
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The novel metabolite dendryphiellin A ( = (+)-(1R,2S,8aR)- 1,2,6,7,8,8a-hexahydro-7-hydroxy-1,8a-dimethyl-6-oxonaphthalen-2-yl (6R*, 2E,4E)-8-hydroxy-6-methylocta-2,4-dienoate; (+)-1) is isolated from cultures of the marine deuteromycete Dendryphiella salina. There is no precedent in fungi for trinor-eremophilanes or for branched C9 carboxylic acids, the two classes of compounds constituting (+)-1. The structure is secured by NMR spectroscopy and hydrolysis of (+)-1 to give the side-chain moiety ((6R*,2E,4E)-8-hydroxy-6-methylocta-2,4-dienoic acid (2)) intact, whilst the trinor-ermophilane moiety is decomposed. The absolute configuration at the trinor-eremophilane moiety is established from exciton coupling between the dienone and the diene-ester functions.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 115
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A series of mono-N-functionalized 1,4,8-trimethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecanes 3-14 were synthesized by alkylating the secondary N-atom of the macrocycle 1. The spectral properties of the Cu2+ complexes, studied under different pH conditions, are discussed in relation to the possibility of coordination of the donor group of the side chain to the axial position of the metal ion and to the effect of the length of the side chain.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 116
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 502-506 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Two α,β-unsaturated thiolactones, 5-(2-propynyl)-2(5H)-thiophenone (5) and 3,5-di(2-propenyl)-2(5H)-thiophenone (6), were newly synthesized. Irradiation (λ = 300 nm) of 5 in MeOH containing cyclopentene afforded a 3:1 mixture of diasteroisomeric methyl 7-thiatricyclo[6.4.0.02,6]dodec-10-ene-12-carboxylates (8a/8b), while irradiation of 6 in MeOH saturated with 2-methylpropene gives a 3:2 mixture of diastereoisomeric methyl 3,3,9-trimethyl-5-thiatricyclo[6.2.1.02,6]undecane-1-carboxylates (10a/10b).
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  • 117
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The N(α), N(β)-rearrangement of the two N-atoms which can be observed in solutions of [β-15N]-labelled p-substituted benzenediazonium ions follows dual substituent parameter treatments. The reaction yields a negative field and a positive resonance reaction constant (pF =-3.35, pR = 2.47). The magnitude of these constants is, within experimental error, the same as the respective reaction constants for solvolytic dediazoniation. The exchange of the diazonio group of 15N-labelled p-substituted benzenediazonium ion yields, however, field and resonance reaction constants which are close to zero. This result is attributed to cancellation of the reaction constants for the forward and reverse steps in the complex mechanism of the exchange reaction.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 118
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: 15N-Labelled 3-(Dimethylamino)-2,2-dimethyl-2H-azirine for Mechanistic Studies of Reactions with NH-Acidic HeterocyclesThe synthesis of 3-(dimethylamino)-2,2-dimethyl(1-15N)-2H-azirine (1*) was accomplished via reaction of 1-chloro-N,N,2-trimethyl-1-propenylamine (9) and sodium (1-15N) azide (Scheme 3). The earlier reported reactions of 1 with saccharin (10, Scheme 4), phthalimide (12, Scheme 5), and 2H-1,3-benzoxazin-2,4(3H)-dione (16, Scheme 6) were repeated with 1*, and the position of the 15N-label in the products was determined by 15N-NMR spectroscopy. Whereas the postulated reaction mechanisms for 10 and 12 were confirmed by these experiments, the mechanism for the reaction of 16 had to be revised. With respect to the position of 15N in the products 17 and 18, a new mechanism is formulated in Scheme 7. Treatment of 5,5-dimethyl-1,3-oxazolidine-2,4-dione (19) with 1* led to 3,4-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-on 20 in which only N(3) was labelled. The mechanism of a ring expansion and transannular ring contraction as shown in Scheme 8 is in agreement with this finding.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 119
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 562-568 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The hexadentate ligands 1,4,7,12,15,18-hexaazacyclododecosane ([2]aneN6) and 1,4,7,14,17,20-hexaazacyclohexacosane ([26]aneN6) both form eight complexes with Cu2+, three of them being binuclear. The corresponding stability constants have been determined potentiometrically, and the electronic absorption spectra have been obtained from spectrophotometric data. Possible interactions of the Cu2+ pairs in the three binuclear complexes have, in addition, been investigated by ESR and and linear -sweep voltammetry (LSV). The binuclear complex of [22]aneN6 with one addditional OH group is exceptionally stable, ESR-silent, and the results of the LSV-experiments are characteristically different from those of the other binuclear complexes with both ligands. This indicates that [22]aneN6 forms a very stable hydroxo-bridged binuclear Cu2+ complex Cu2L(OH)3+, whereas in the case of [26]andN6 no bridged Cu2+ pair exists.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 120
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Sambucinic acid (5), a C15-trichothecene with a modified strure, has been isolated from cultures of Fusarium sambucinum. The structure is established by spectroscopic data and X-ray diffraction analysis. A hypothetical biogenetic pathway is proposed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 121
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 619-623 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: (±)-cis-γ-Irone(1), a main constitutent of natural iris oil, has been stereoselectively synthesized from methyl (2E)-3 -[(2,2,4-trimethyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl)methoxy]-2-propenoate (3) (6 steps, overall yield 14%). The cis-configuration as the exocyclic position of the double bond of 1 were secured by the thermal ene reaction of the β-(alkenyloxy)acrylate 3 yielding the 3-oxabicyclo [3,3,1] nonane derivative 5.
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  • 122
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 631-641 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The enzymatic synthesis of amide bonds catalyzed by penicillin acylase is investigated both in H2O solution and in organic solvents containing reverse micelles. The specificity of the reaction is rather high on the side of the acyl component, practically only phenylacetic acid gives sizeable yields. On the contrary, a variety of amino-acid esters, dipeptides, and tripeptides can be used as amino component, e.g., serine methyl ester, methionine ethyl ester, tyrosine ethyl ester, Gly-Asp, Ala-Tyr, Gly-Tyr-Gly etc. However, Many other amino-acid residues do not react, and the possible reasons for this are discussed. Yields varyin rang the 10-80%. A. systematic study to optimize yields by varying the solvent composition is presented for one model reaction. The enzyme is also able to couple certain D-amino-acid residues (e.g. D-methionine ethyl ester or Gly-D-Asp) though at lower rate. Reverse micelles formed by the cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) in CHCl3/isooctane are used to host penicillin acylase and to perform amide synthesis in which the product is perferentially soluble in the organic solvent mixture. The reaction is studied as a function of pH and certain micellar parameters, e. g. wo (wo = [H2O]/[CTAB]). A new membrane enzyme reactor is utilized to separate the product from the enzyme-containing micelles. The adavantges and the limits of this approach are discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 123
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The temperature dependence of the emission lifetime of the series of complexes Ru(bpy)n(4,4′-dpb)2+3- (bpy = 2,2′bipyridine, 4,4′-dpb = 4,4′-diphenyl-2,2′-bipyridine) has been studied in propionitrile/butyronitrile (4:5 v/v) solutions in the range 90-293 K. The obtained photophysical parameters show that the energy separation between the metal-to-ligand charge tranfer (3MLCT) emitting level and the photoreactive metal-centered (3MC) level changes across the series (ΔE = 3960, 4100, 4300, and 4700 cm-1 for Ru(bpy)2+3), Ru(bpy)2(4,4′-dpb)2+, Ru(bpy)(4,4′-dpb)2+2, and Ru(4,4′-dpb)2+3, respectively, where ΔE is the energy separation between the minimum of the 3MLCT potential curve and 3MLCT - 3MC crossing point. Comparison between spectral and electrochemical data indicated that the changes in ΔE are due to stabilization of the MLCT levels in complexes containing 4,4′-dpb with respect to Ru(bpy)2+3. The photochemical data for the same complexes (as I- salts) have been obtained in CH2Cl2 in the presence of 0.01M Cl- upon irradiation at 462 nm. The complexes containing 4,4′-dpb are more photostable than Ru(bpy)2+3. Comparison between the data for thermal population of the 3MC photoreactive state and those for photochemistry indicated that the overall photochemical process is governed by (i) a thermal redistribution between the emitting and photoreactive excited states, and (ii) mechanistic factors, likely related to the size of the detaching ligand.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 124
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 757-761 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The synthesis of 6-amino-1-(2′,3′-dideoxy-β-D-glycero-pentofuranosyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4(5H)-one ( =8-aza-7-deaza-2′,3′-dideoxyguanosine; 1) from its 2′-deoxyribofuranoside 5a by a five-step deoxygenation route is described. The precursor of 5a, 3a, was prepared by solid-liquid phase-transfer glyscosylation which gave higher yields (57%) than the liquid-liquid method. Ammonoloysis of 3b furnished the diamino nucleoside 3c. Compound 1 was less acid sensitive at the N-glycosydic bond than 2′,3′-dideoxyguanosine (2).
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 125
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: From the scleractinian coral Tubastraea sp. (Dendrophylliidae) collected at Palawan, Philippines, 3′-deimino-3′-oxoaplysinopsin (4) and 6-bromo-3′-deimino-3′-oxoaplysinopsin (6) are now isolated as 5:2 mixtures of (E/Z) stereoisomers. The 3′-deimino-2′,4′-bis(demethyl)-3′-oxoaplysinopsin (7) and 6-bromo-3′-demino-2′,4-bis(demethyl)-3′-oxoaplysinopsin (5) are isolated as 2:3 and 1:1 (E/Z) mixtures, respectively, from another dendrophylliid, Leptopsammia pruvoti, collected near Marseille, Mediterranean coast of France. Larger amounts of these and related compounds, needed for a full structural determination, are obtained by synthesis. Thus, condensations of indol-3-carboxaldehyde (9) or of its 6-bromo derivative 14 with hydantoin (15), 3-methylhydantoin (11), or 1,3dimethylhydantoin (10) give the prevalent natural aplysinopsins with high stereospecificity. The minor stereoisomers (Z)-4, (Z)-6, (E)-7, and (E)-5 are obtained by (E/Z) photoisomerization under UV light of the condensation mixtures. The configuration is assigned from larger H—C(8)/C(5′) 1H, 13C couplings in the (E) than in the (Z) isomer, and, in the case of 4 and 6, from NOE enhancement at Me—N(2′) on irradiation at H—C(8). The stereospecificity of the condensations is attributed to steric inhibition to planarity in the rate-limiting transition states, due to N(2′)/H—C(2) repulsion with (Z)-4 and (Z)-6, or to C(5′)=O/H—C(2) repulsion with (E)-7 or (E)-5. As the aplysinopsins undergo (E/Z ) phostoisomerization also under the daylight conditions of the laboratory, their isomeric composition in nature can not be presently assessed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 126
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Synthesis and Characterization of a New Class of Flavylium Salts; a Facile Route to the 2-(2-Acetoxyphenyl)-4-methylidene-4H-1-benzopyran Derivatives. X-Ray Crystal Structure of 2-(2-Acetoxy-5-methylphenyl)-4,6-dimethyl-1-benzopyranylium Pentachlorostannate: Supporting evidence of Chlorine Bridging in the Decachlorodistannate(2-) UnitSeveral mixtures of compounds 1 and 2 were synthesized from SnCl4 and p-substituted aryl acetates. Separation of 1/2 was achieved either by treatment of the mixture with MeCN providing the pure complex 1 or by reaction with MeCOCl leading selectively to a new class of flavylium salts 3 or 4. The structure of 2-(2-acetoxy-5-methylphenyl)-4,6-dimethyl-l-benzopyranylium pentachlorostannate (3a) was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The Sn-atoms are hexacoordinated in the dimeric unit Sn2Cl2-10 through Cl bridging. Furthermore, we report the easy preparation of 1-benzopyran derivatives starting from the salts 3.
    Notizen: NO ABSTRACT.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 127
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Azeitidinodiazepines 4b and 4c react with acylnitroso dienophiles 5a-c, specifically from their convexe α-side, but in a non-regiospecific way, leading thereby stereospecifically to the expected adducts 6a-d and 7a-d. The three-dimensional structures of 6a and 7a were determined by X-ray analyses which corroborated their NMR data. OsO4 cis-glycolization occurred in good yield with the inverse adducts 7a and 7e and led to the rearranged products 10. These latter ones result from an intramolecular N- to O-transbenzoylation of the short-lived intermediates 9 followed by fragmentation of the animal function. X-Ray analysis of 7a showed the N(10) atom to be pyramidal, a result which demonstrates that it does not have any pronounced benzamide character; otherwise no such N- to O-transbenzoylation would have taken place. Structure and relative configuration of 10a were ascertained by X-ray analysis which confirmed its NMR data as well as the stereochemical outcome of its formation.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 128
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Derivatives of 2-C-branched-chain erythrono-1,4-lactones of the types 1 have been synthesized under reductive conditions using DIBAL from the oxetane 2, which is easily accessible from diethyl mesoxalate (4) and 2,2-diisopropyl-1,3-dioxole (3) in high yield by means of a catalytic cycloaddition. Similarly, 2 rearranges in presences of AlMe3 under formation of an erythronolactone with an additional branching at C(4). The corresponding oxetanes 7-9 from ethyl pyruvate (5) and ethyl trimethylpyruvate (6), respectively, have been studied with regard to their reductions yielding building blocks of branched-chain sugars.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 129
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 1000-1004 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Citronella (1) has been transformed into enol acetates 2 which have been cyclized with various Lewis and Brönsted acids to dihydrocyclocitral (4). Application of this methodology to the synthesis of mono- and bicyclic ring systems has been examined.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 130
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The synthesis of 3-ethylideneazetidine-2-carboxylic acid (=polyoximic acid; 3) is a approached in two different ways leading to potential precursors of 3. The first way involved a ring closure to a vinyl-subsatituted azetidin. Thus, Ireland-Claisen rearrangement of the Boc-glycinates 6 and 10 of (Z)- and (E)-2-butene-1,4-diol afforded, after exchange of the N-protecting groups, the isomeric 2-(tosylamino)-3-vinylbutanolides 13 and 14 with high stereoselectivity. Only the cis-isomer 14 could be further transformed to 3-(bromomethyl)-2-(tosylamino)-4-pentenoate 17, and in a smoth cyclization with K2CO3, to trans-3-vinylazetidtene-2-carboxylaze 18 (Scheme 2). In the second approach, the 3-ethylidene isomer 19 of 18 was obtained more directly by a [2+2] cycloaddition, together with the two isomers 23 and 24, from methlallene 20 and (tosyliminno)acetate 21 (Scheme 3). The main product of this reaction was, however, 2-(tosylamino)-4-hexinoate 22, the product of an ene reaction.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 131
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 1065-1068 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Precise values of the proton coupling constants have been determined from the ENDOR spectra of the radical cation of s-trans-buta-1,3-diene generated from the neutral compound by γ irradiation in a CFCl3 matrix at 77 K. These values are 1.119 and 1.050 mT for the pairs of exo- and endo-protons in the 1,4-positions, respectively, and 0.283 mT for the pair of protons in the 2,3-positions. A general TRIPLE resonance spectrum proves that all coupling constants have the same sign which should be negative by theory, Evidence by experiment and theory indicate that the s-trans-configuration of the neutral compound is retained upon ionization.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 132
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Synthesis of New Sulfur- and Selenium-Containing ‘Donor-Acceptor-Stabilized’ Systems with Central Bicyclo-[4.4.1]undeca-4,6,8,10-tetraene-2,3-diylidene- or Bicyclo[4.4.1]undeca-3,6,8,10-tetraene-2,5-diylidene GroupsSyntheses of starting materials 3-55 and 8 and of the S- and containing 1,6-methano[10]annulene (=1,6-methanobicyclo[4.4.1]undeca-1,3,5,7,9-pentaene) derivatives 12, 13, 15 and 16 are described.
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  • 133
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 1328-1330 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: [1,1-Bis (trimethylsilyl)]-1H-cyclopropa [b] naphthalene rricarbonylchromium (2) was synthesized by reaction of 1,1-bis (trimethylsilyl) cyclopropa [b] naphthalene (1b) with tricarbonyltris(acetonitrile) chromium.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 134
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 1235-1241 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The X-Ray Diffraction Analysis of (E)- and (Z)-2-Butene-1,4-diyl DithiocyanateThe crystal structure of the (E)- and (Z)-2-butene-1,4-diyl dithiocyanate (1 and 2, respectively) which have been used as substrates for an E′ reaction, has been determined by X-ray analysis. The SCN groups are for both molecules in an anticlinal conformation relative to the double bond. A remarkable intermoecular contact has been observed between the N-atom of one molecule and the S-atom of its neighbour.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 135
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 1281-1290 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The preferred conformation of the acetoxyphenyl fragment shows a planar acctoxy (AcO) group perpendicular to the Ph ring. Steric hindrance strongly limits and affects rotation about the C—OCOCH3 bond: if the AcO group twists away from its perpendicular conformation, the carbonyl oxygen moves to keep the nonbonded distance to the atoms in ortho-position maximal. This is achieved by some twisting about the O—COCH3 bond correlated with angle bending at the ipso-C-atom and ester O-atom. The maximum observed deviation away from the perpendicular conformation is ∼ 47°. In the case of one or two ortho-hydrogens, deviations of the AcO group from the perpendicular conformation tend to be larger than in the case of two substituents.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 136
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 1319-1327 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Reaction of 2,2-dialkyl-3-(dimethylamino)-2H-azirines 1a and 1b with 2,3-pyridinedicarboximide (4) in MeCN or DMF at room temperature yielded two regioisomeric tricyclic 1:1 adducts, the azacyclols 11/12 and 16/17, respectively (Schemes 3 and 4). The structure of 12 was established by X-ray crystallography. Methanolysis of 11/12 and 16/17 led to mixtures of methyl [4, 4-dialkyl-5-(dimethylamino)-4H-imidazol-2-yl] pyridine carboxylates 13/14 and 18/19, respectively. The structure of compound 14 is closely related to that of the powerful herbicide 9 (Scheme 9), i.e. the described reactions offer a new synthetic approach to this class of compounds. A mechanistic interpretation for the formation of regioisomeric 1:1 adducts as well as methyl (imidazol-2-yl) pyridine carboxylates is depicted in Scheme 5.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 137
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 1367-1378 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A synthesis of 1D- and 1L-myo-inositol 1,3,4,5,-tetraphosphate (1a and 1b resp.) is described. The dibenzylated myo-inositola 9a and 9b, which, by phosphorylation, gave 1a and 1b, respectively, were prepared via two routes. On the one hand, the racemate 3a/3b, obtained from myo-inositol, was resolved by its transformation into the diastereoisomeric carbamates 5a and 5b. Benzylation and deprotecton of 5a and 5b gave the enantiomers 9a and 9b, respectively. On the other hand, treatment of the diester 18 with pig liver esterase gave the ester 21a with high enantiomeric excess. Benzylation and deprotection of 21a yielded 9b. The dibenzyl derivative 9a was obtained using the same enzymatic hydrolysis followed by a protection-deprotection sequence.
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  • 138
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 1379-1391 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Various 8-substituted 2,8-dihydro-2-thioxopteridin-4(3H)-ones (14-21) and 2-(methylthio)pteridin-4(8H)-ones (27-32) have been synthesized by condensation of the appropriate 5-amino-6-(substituted amino)-1,2-dihydro-2-thioxopyrimidin-4(3H)-ones (22-34) and 5-amino-6-(substituted amino)-2-(methylthio)pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones (25, 26), respectively, with glyoxal, biacetyl, and benzil. The presence of a quinonoid cross-conjugated π-electron system makes this type of compounds susceptible to nucleophilic additions in position 7, which leads to intramolecular (43, 45) and intermolecular (44) covalent adducts. The newly synthesized compounds have been characterized by elemental analyses, pKa determinations, 1H-NMR and UV spectra. UV-Spectral changes in dependence of the pH are associated with the most appropriate molecular species including the monocations, neutral forms, covalent adducts, mono- and dianions.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 139
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The chemical synthesis by classical methods in solution of a dimer of the sequence 1 to 24 of adrenocorticotropin(ACTH) is described. The two monomers were covalently linked through their C-termini, using lysine amide as spacer. Dimerization did not improve significantly the potency of the agonist ACTH-(1-24), while it strongly potentiated the antagonistic effect of the fragments ACTH-(11-24) and ACTH-(7-24) in the stimulation of steroidogenesis in isolated adrenal cells. The results seem to imply a microaggregation of the receptors at the adrenal cell surface.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 140
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Variable-pressure 1H-NMR Spectroscopy has been used to study the fluxionality of some five-coordinated Fe complexes in solution. For [Fe(CO)2 1,3-cyclooctadiene (PPh3)], the CO site exchange is known (by analogy with [Fe(CO)3(1,3-cyclooctadiene)]) to be a non-dissociative process, and an activation volume of ca. 0 cm3.mol-1 was indeed obtained. However, for [Fe(CO2){2,3-η:O-σ-(7,7-dimethoxybicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene)}(PPh3)], the activation volume of +5 cm3 mol-1 suggests that an unprecedented dissociation process is responsible for the CO site exchange. The molecular structure of [Fe(CO)2(1,3-cyclooctadiene)(PPh3)] was ascertained by single-crystal X-ray diffractometry. The crystals are triclinic, space group P1, a = 9.606(3), b = 16.795(2), c = 7.743(8) Å, α = 97.83(4), β = 109.63(4), γ = 83.37(2)°. The structure determination has shown that the complex possesses a tetragonal pyramidal coordination, with the endocyclic C=C bond and PPh3 occupying basal sites.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 141
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 1508-1510 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Small amounts of H2O or MeOH catalyze the reaction of Br2 with adamantane and its 1-(trimethylsilyl) and 1,3-bis(trimethylsilyl) derivatives.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 142
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 1517-1527 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Oligonuclecotides bearing phosphoramidate internucleotide linkages can be prepared chemically by standard solid-phase DNA synthesis. Thus, phosphoramidate internucleotide bonds can be placed at will into specific positions within a given DNA fragment. The backbone-modified DNA fragments prepared in this way are susceptible to a specific chemical cleavage.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 143
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Copper complexes of chiral, C2-symmetric semicorrin ligands were found to be efficient catalysts for the cyclopropane formation from olefins with diazo compounds. In the presence of 1 mode-% of catalyst, alkyl diazoacetates reacted smoothly with terminal olefins such as styrene, butadiene, and 1-heptene to give the corresponding optically active cyclopropanecarboxylic-acid derivatives (Table 1 Scheme 2). With one of the catalysts, enantioselectivities up to 97% ee were obtained (Table 2). Usually, the reactions were carried out using bis(semicorrinato)copper(II) complexes as precatalysts. In order to produce active catalysts, these complexes had to be activated first by heating in the presence of diazoacetate or by treatment with phenylhydrazine. Experiments with (semicorrinato)copper(I) complexes, prepared in situ from copper(I) tert-butoxide (Scheme 4), suggest that the actual catalyst is a [mono(semicorrinato)]copper(I).
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 144
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: UV Irradiation of 3-oxocyclopent-1-enyl acetate (17) and acetylene in MeCN at 0° gives, besides the product of normal enone-alkyne [2 + 2] cycloaddition (cis-4-oxobicyclo[3.2.0] hept-6-en-1-yl acetate, 18) and its product of oxa-di-π-methane rearrangement (5-oxotricyclo[4.1.0.02,7]hept-2-yl acetate, 19), unexpected products of further addition of a molar equivalent of acetylene. These are indanone ( = 2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one, 16), in 21% yield, cis-1-cisoid-1,2-cis-2- (20) and cis-1-transoid-1,2-cis-2-7-oxotricyclo[4.3.0.02,5]non-3-en-1-yl acetate (21), 4-oxo-7-‘exo’-vinyltricyclo[3.2.0.02,6]hept-2-yl acetate (22), cis-4-oxo-6-‘endo’- (23) and cis-4-oxo-6-‘exo’-vinylbicyclo[3.2.0]hept-1-yl acetate (24), and cis-4-oxo-7-‘exo’-vinylbicyclo[3.2.0]hept-1-yl acetate (25). At least in part, indanone must be formed via intermediates 20 and 21. In fact, on heating a 9:1 mixture 20/21, indanone is obtained quantitatively. With 3-oxocyclopent-1-ene-1-carbonitrile (15) in place of 17, indanone is formed in lower (8%) yield besides much tars.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 145
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 1638-1641 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Structure and Partial Synthesis of Dimeric Coleon FColeon F (1a), on standing in solution, slowly dimerizes to the labile C(7)-epimeric spiro-dihydrofuranes 2a/2b whose structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Oxydative addition of 1a to another molecule of 1a in the presence of Fétizon's reagent rapidly yields 2a/2b, thus confirming their structures as (4bS,9RS,10′aS)4,4a,10′,10′a-tetrahydro-1′,6-dihydroxy-1,2,4a,7′,8′,10′a-hexamethyl-3′,7-bis(2-propenyl)-spiro[3H,9H-phenanthren-9,5′-5′H-phenanthro[1,10-bc]furan]-2,3,5,8,9′-pentone.
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  • 146
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 1665-1672 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The radical anions of 12 N,N′-dicyanoquinone diimines, a new class of electron acceptors, hace been characterized by their hyperfine data with the use of ESR and ENDOR spectroscopy. The largest coupling constant (0.30-0.45 mT), due to the two 14N nuclei in the exocyclic positions, gives rise to a conspicuous broadening of the peripheral ESR lines by an incomplete averaging of the hyperfine anisotropy. The most plausible interpretation of the experimental results for the radical anions of N,N′-dicyano- 1,4-benzoquinone diimine (1) and N,N′-Dicyano-9,10-anthraquinone diimine (9) is in terms of both ‘syn’- and ‘anti’-configurations contributing to the ESR and ENDOR spectra and having equal proton- and 14N-coupling constants. The π-spin distribution in the radical anions of N,N′-dicyanoquinone diimines is compared with those in the analogous ions of tetracyanoquinodimethanes and quinones.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 147
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The axially dissymmetric diphosphines (-)-(R)- and (+)-(S)-(6-6′-dimethylbiphenyl-2,2′-diyl)bis(diphenyl-phosphine) ((-)-(R)-10 and (+)-(S)-10; ‘BIPHEMP’) have been synthesized, starting from (R)- and (S)-6,6′-dimethylbiphenyl-2,2′-diamine ((R)- and(S)-16), respectively, via Sandmeyer reaction, liathiation, and phosphinylation. Moreover, racemic 4,4′- dimethyl- and 4,4′-bis(dimethylamino)-substituted analogues 11 and 12 respectively, and the 6,6′-bridged analogues 1,11-bis(diphenylphosphino)-5,7-dihydrodibenz[c,e]oxepin (13) were synthesized and resolved into optically pure (R)- and(S)-enantiomers via complexation with di-μ-chlorob is {(R)-2-[1-(dimethylamino)ethyl]pheny-C—N}dipalladium(II) ((R)-18). The molecular structures of the diphosphines (S)-10 and (R)-13 and of two derived cationic Rh(I) complexes,[Rh((S)- 10)(nbd)]BF4 and [Rh((R)- 13)(nbd)]BF4 were determined by x-ray analyses. Absolute configurations were established for (+)-(S)- 10 by X-ray analyses of both the free diphosphine and of the derived Rh(I) complex, and for (-)-(R)- 13 by X-ray analysis of the derived Rh(I) complex. Configurational assignments for the substituted BIPHEMP analogues 11 12 were achieved by means of 1H-NMR comparisons. The BIPHEMP ligand 10 and analogues 11, 12 and 13 are the first examples of optically active bis(triaylphosphines) containing the axially dissymmetric biphenyl moiety. All these new diphosphines proved to be excellent asymmetry-inducing ligands in Rh(I)-catalyzed isomerizations of N,N-diethylnerylamine affording citronellat enamine of 98-99% ee.
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 148
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 931-956 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Syntheses of Enantiomerically Pure Violaxanthins and Related CompoundsThe epoxides 16 and ent-16, prepared by Sharpless-Katsuki oxidation of 15 in excellent yield and very high enantiomeric purity, were used as synthons for the preparation of (+)-(S)-didehydrovomifoliol (45), (+)-(6S, 7E, 9E)-abscisic ester 46, (+)-(6S, 7E, 9Z)-abscsic ester 47, (-)-(3S, 7E, 9E)-xanthoxin (49), (-)-(3R, 7E, 9E)-xanthoxin (50), (3S, 5R, 6S, 3′S,5′R, 6′S, all-E)-violaxanthin (1) (3R, 5R,6S,3′R,5′R,6′S, all-E)-violaxanthin (55) and their (9Z) (see 53, 57), (13Z) (see 54, 58), and (15Z) (see 60) isomers. The novel violadione (61) was prepared from 1 by oxidation with DMSO/Ac2O. By base treatment, 61 was converted into violadienedione (62), a potential precursor of carotenoids with phenolic end groups.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 149
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: It is shown here that the stoloniferan coral Sarcodictyon roseum of east Pyrenean waters contains four novel diterpenoids, sarcodictyin C ((-)-3), D ((-)-4), E ((+)-5), F ((+)-6), which are related to sarcodictyin A ( = (-)-(4R,4aR,7R,10S,11S,12aR,1Z,5E,8Z-7,10-epoxy-3,4,4a,7,10,11,12,12a-octahydro-7-hydroxy-6-(methyoxycarbonyl)-1,10-dimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-benzocyclodecen-11-yl (E)-N1-methylyrocanate; ((-)-1), previously isolated from the same coral. Sarcodictyin C ((-)-3) and D ((-)-4) and the 3α-hydroxy and 3α-acetoxy derivatives of (-)-1), sarcodictyin E ((+)-5) is the (Z)-urocanate isomer of (-)-3), and sarcodictyin F ((+)-6) is the 1α-hydroxy-2-ene isomer of (-)-3. In all cases, the nine-membered ring is locked, and the molecule stabilized, by the urocanic appendage; when this is removed in MeOH/KOH, the C(11)-O- function is free to attack at C(5), and retro-condensations then lead to the ring-contracted butenolides 11 (from (-)-3) or 10 (from(-)-1) with extrusion of the hydroxyfuran nucleus (Scheme 3). Under the same conditions, with (-)-3, the C(3)-O- group competitively attacks at C(5), the hydroxyfuran nucleus is expelled, and aldehyde 14 is formed. Peculiarly, in the reaction of (-)-3 with MeOD/KOD, the ring-contracted butenolide 17 contains D at the 4′-ax position. The sarcodictyins are unique in these chemical properties, not shared by the cladiellanes which have the same C-skeleton.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 150
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The 5,6:5′,6′-diepoxy-5,6:5′,6;-tetrahydro-β,β-carotene, isolated from tubers of a white-fleshed variety of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas LAM.) has been assigned the (5R,6S,5′R,6′S)-chirality on the basis of its HPLC, UV/VIS, and CD data.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 151
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 33-46 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Halochromic Molecules. Synthesis and Acidobasic Properties of Substituted HeteroarenoquinazolinesWe have synthetized a series of substituted heteroarenoquinazolines. The 90-MHz FT 1H-NMR spectra of starting and final products supported the postulated structures. Fragmentation in the mass spectra also were consistant with the assumed structures. With acid, the compounds partly from ring-opened, intensely coloured triphenylcarbenium salts of the Rhoduline-R type (C. I. 42565). UV/VIS spectra of the salts are discussed on the basis of VEPPP-CI calculations. The ∊pH* curves in buffered MeOH/H2O solutions and the pK* values are determined. The title compounds undergo very complex protonation equilibria.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 152
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 62-71 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Two novel pregnatrienolones isolated in very small amounts from the North-East-Atlantic demosponge Axinella agnata (Tetractinomorpha, Axinellida) are unique in having C(2)=C(3) (or C(3)=C(4)), C(7)=C(8), and C(16)=C(17) bonds and a 12β-OH group which, being strongly H-bonded to a 20-keto group, resists acylation. 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy of the steroids and of products of their selective epoxidation or reduction allow us to propose the structures (+)-12β-hydroxy-5α-pregna-2,7,16-trien-20-one ( = agnatasterone A, (+)-1), and (+)-12β-hydroxy-5α-pregna-3,7,16-trien-20-one ( = agnatasterone B. (+)-5), for the two steroids with minimal recourse to model compounds.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 153
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 93-99 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A study of photo-induced electron-transfer reactions in MeCN with 9,10-dicyanoanthracene as acceptor and 21 electron donors with transient photoconductivity measurements is reported. The free-ion yield and the rate constant of back electron transfer are determined. For exergonic reactions, the ‘Marcus-inverted’ region is observed. The fit with the theory is best, when a nearly solvent-independent Coulomb term is used in the calculation of the energy balance.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 154
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 124-129 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Regioselective generation of the C(2)-carbocation a of tricyclo[4.2.2.01,5]decane (1) by treatment of both corresponding epimeric alcohols 5 and 6 with BF3 and trapping the rearranged tricyclo[5.3.0.04,8]decan-7-yl carbocation b with Et3SiH as hydride-ion donor (ionic hydrogenation) gives the corresponding hydrocarbon 3 as sole product in almost quantitative yield. The latter is a known intermediate in the Lewis-acid-catalyzed rearrangement of 1 to adamantane (4).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 155
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 134-139 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The absorption and emission spectra, emission lifetimes, luminescence quantum yields, and electrochemical behavior of the complexes Pd(Phpy)2, Pd(Thpy)2, and Pd(bhq)2 (Phpy-, Thpy-, and bhq-, and bhq- are the deprotonated forms of 2-phenylpyridine, 2-(2-thienyl)pyridine, and benzo[h] quinoline, respectively) have been studied, and the results obtained have been compared with those available for Pt(II) and Pt(IV) complexes containing the same ligands. The intense ligand-centered absorption bands below 340 nm are strongly perturbed by matalation, and the absorption features in the 340-450-nm region are likely to include contributions from formally metal-to-ligand charge-transfer transitions. The structured luminescence spectra observed at 77 K (lifetimes are 0.48, 0.28 and 2.6 ms for Pd(Phpy)2, Pd(Thpy)2, and Pd(bhq)2, respectively) have been assigned to transitions having mainly ligand-centered character, with an increasing metal-to-ligand charge-transfer contribution in going from Pd(bhq)2 to Pd(Phpy)2 and to Pd(Thpy)2. The complexes Pd(phpy)2 and Pd(thpy)2 show two reversible one-electron reduction waves, whereas reduction of Pd(bhq)2 is irreversible, as is the oxidation of the three complexes.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 156
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The macrocyclic pentolide 1, hexolide 2, and heptolide 3 constitute ca. 80% of the oligomers formed in ca. 50% yield from enantiomerically pure 3-hydroxybutanoic acid under Yamaguchi's macrolactonization conditions. The FAB mass spectra of the MH+, M Na+, and MCs+ are reported (Figs. 2, 3, 5, and 6). No cyclic tetramer is detected. The 1H-NMR spectra of the cyclic oligomers, of the monomer, and of the polymer (PHB) are very similar (Fig. 4). Directed synthesis of the open-chain dimer and tetramer of 3-hydroxybutanoic acid and attempted cyclization do not lead to the isolation of the cyclic tetramer.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 157
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 195-208 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Reactions, of various vinyl dienyl ketones (see la-e, li) with FeCl, give rise to β,γ-unsaturated α-vinyl-cyclo-pentenones (see 2a-e, 2i, Table 2). The reaction succeeds for vinyl dienyl ketones with substituents on either double bond. Aryl dienyl and alkyl dienyl ketones (see 1f-h) do not cyclize cleanly. The effects of substituents on the rate of reaction is discussed in terms of the mechanism of the rearrangement. A 13C-labeling study establishes the pathway as an unusual 1-hydroxypentadienyl-cation electrocyclization to a cyclopentenyl cation which collapses via a pinacol rearrangement to the α-vinyl ketone.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 158
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 237-240 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A mild method for the oxidation of acetylenes to 1,2-diketones using NaIO4/RuO2 is described. An investigation on the compatibility of various functional groups with this oxidizing agent is reported.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 159
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 249-253 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Synthesis of Dimethyl 4a,8a-Methanophthalazine-1,4-dicarboxylate and DerivativesDiels-Alder reaction with inversed electron demand of 1H-cyclopropabenzol 1 with dimethyl 1,2,4,5-tetrazine-3,6-dicarboxylate (2) yields dimethyl-4a,8a-methanophthalazine-1,4-dicarboxylate (3). The reactions of 3 with nucleophiles are also described.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 160
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 274-276 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Synthesis of a New PAF-Related ThiophospholipidA new thiophospholipid 8, related to platelet activating factor (PAF), has been synthesized with a seven-step procedure.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 161
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988) 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 162
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The isoproterenol analogues 4a and 4b, synthesized as mixtures of Diastereoisomers, were shown to possess very potent β-adrenoceptor agonistic activity. Therefore, the four possible diastereoisomers of 4a have been synthesized and tested for inotropic activity. The (6R, 2′R)-diastereoisomer turned out to be the most interesting one. Consequently, also (6R,2′R)-4b has been prepared and tested. For the diastereoselective synthesis, three variants have been elaborated: (i) coupling of epoxides 12 with amines 27 (Scheme 6); (ii) coupling of the activated glycol 17 with the amine 22 (Scheme 8); (iii) diastereoselective hydrogenation of the amino ketone 31 (Scheme 7). Both (6R,2′R)-4a and (6R,2′R)-4b show long lasting positive inotropic activity after intravenous as well as oral administration and are at least three times as potent as rac-isoproterenol. In the anesthetized dog, a good separation of positive inotropic and positive chronotropic effects is observed. In conscious dogs, however, heart rate and contractile force increase to the same extent (possibly due to reflex tachycardia).
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 163
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 348-353 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: New Flavonoid Glycosides from Paeonia tenuifolia L.Two novel flavonoid glycosides have been isolated from the stamens of Paeonia tenuifolia, sexangularetin-3-O-yl β-D-sophoroside (1) and limocitrin-3-O-yl β-D-sophoroside (3). Their structures have been elucidated by spectroscopic means, mainly desorption chemical ionisation mass spectrometry and ID and 2D high-resolution 1H-NMR spectroscopy of their acety1 derivatives.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 164
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A new Si-induced Vilsmeier-type formylation of F-containing organozinc reagents is described. This two-step process via the isolable intermediate 10 seems to be quite general for the synthesis of anhydrous polyhalogenated aldehydes.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 165
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 389-394 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A versatile scheme for the synthesis of geminally disubstituted cyclopentadienes is used to prepare the title compound 4. This remarkably stable vinyl-cyclopentadiene, distinguished by its Cs symmetry, undergoes exclusively electrocyclic ring closure upon direct π-π* excitation at 254 nm. The epimeric vinyl-housenes 11 and 12, which, for geometric reasons, are insensitive to the walk rearrangement, are suggested to be the primary photo-products. One of them, 12, due to its syn-oriented vinyl group, undergoes spontaneous copy rearrangement to give 2-methylbicyclo[3.2.1]hepta-2,6-diene (13). The other, 11, having an anti-oriented vinyl group, can only undergo thermal return to the starting material 4. Whereas no leakage to a 1,5-vinyl migration is discernible for the S1 state of 4, the benzophenone-sensitized photolysis at 350 nm is shown to be governed by this rearrangement. 1-Methyl-5-vinylcyclopenta-1,3-diene (14), the unstable primary product of the sensitized photoreaction, is trapped by 4-phenyl-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3,5(4H)-dione (PTAD).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 166
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 429-445 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The synthesis of the 6-amino-6-deoxysialic-acid analogues 4, 5, and 6, is described. Mitsunobu reaction of the 1-C-nitroglycal 8, (PPh3, HCOOH, DEAD) gave the formiate 10 with inversion of configuration at C(3) (Scheme 2). Treatment of 10 with aq. NH3 and subsequent protection of the amino function gave the imines 14 and 15 (Scheme 3), which were transformed into the triflates 17. Substitution by azide, deprotection, and N-acetylation gave the anormeric 2-acetamido-3-azido-1-deoxy-1-nitro-D-mannoses 16 and the enol ether 18. Chain elongation of the nitro azides 16 followed by hydroylsis gave the nonulosonates 20/22, which upon reduction yielded the diols 23 and 24, respectively (Scheme 4). The diol 23 was transformed into the sialic-acid analogues 5, 6, and 32 by ozonolysis, transfer hydrogenation, hydorgenolysis, and deprotection (Scheme 5), and the diol 24 into 4 by a similar reaction sequence. The sialic-acid analogues 4 and 6 inhibit bacterial and viral sialidases competitively. The inbibitor constants for this enzyme from Vibrio cholerae are 0.12 mm for 4 and 0.19 mm for 6, respectively. The activity of fowl plague virus sialidase was reduced by 17% and 36% under the influence of 4 and 6, respectively, at a concentration of 0.1 mM. Compound 5 was inactive.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 167
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Depending on the substitution pattern of the aminobutadiene subunit in the selected 3-vinylindoles 1, 3, 6, and 9, stereospecific [4 + 2] cycloadditions (‘endo’-preference) and dimerizations take place on reaction with N-phenylmaleimide. In the reaction of 9 with N-phenylmaleimide in the absence of a Lewis-acid catalyst, a competing ene reaction occurs in addition to the Diels-Alder reaction.
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  • 168
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 493-497 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: [4+2] Cycloaddition of α,β-Unsaturated Hydrazones to Pyridine-2,3-dicarboximides via 1,4-Dihydropyridine DerivativesThe [4 + 2] cycloaddition of α,β-unsaturated hydrazones of type 1 (1-aza-1,2-butadienes) with maleimides (e.g. 2b) affords the tetrahydropyridines of type 8. Elimination of dimethylamine to 9 is easily achieved by treatment of 8 with silica gel at elevated temperature. Oxidation of the dihydropyridines 9 leads to highly substituted pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic-acid dervatives 4.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 169
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 507-508 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 170
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The N2-molecule-aryl-cation pair formed as the first intermediate in dediazoniations of arenediazonium ions can be trapped with CO in H2O with formation of the corresponding arenecarboxylic acids. This reaction is considered as a model for the reverse of dediazoniation, since CO is isoelectronic with N2. The evaluation of the yields of arenecarboxylic acids formed from substituted benzenediazonium ions using Taft's dual substituent parameter treatment demonstrates that the field reaction constant pF and the resonance reaction constant pR are positive and negative, respectively, as expected for a reaction which corresponds electronically to the addition of N2 to aryl cations.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 171
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 544-550 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The stereochemistry of the Diels-Alder reaction of 1,2-dichloro-3,3-difluorocyclopropene (5a) to 1,4-diphenyl-1,3-butadiene (6) and 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (7) was unambiguously established by X-ray structure determination. In all cases known so far, tetrahalogenocyclopropenes add exo to open-chain dienes and furans. The previously reported exo-addition product (2a) of l-bromo-2-chlorocyclopropene (5b) to 7 allows assignments of the stereochemistry of other additions of 5b to furans. exo-Addition usually predominates, but in some cases endo- adducts are also formed. This contrasts with reports in the literature that 5b adds preferentially endo to open-chain dienes.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 172
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Dehalogenation of the mixed anhydride 6 of 11-bromotricyclo[4.4.1.01,6] undeca-3,8-diene-11-carboxylic acid (4) and of diethyl hydrogen phosphate with Zn-Ag couple in THF gave the dispiro-fused dipropellane 8(1,1″,4,4″,5,5″,8,8″-octahydrodispiro[[4a, 8a]methanonaphthalene-9,1′-cyclobutane-3′,9″-[4a, 8a]methanonaphthalene]-2′,4′-dione) in 58% yield. Unlike other dispiro[2.1.2.1]octane-4, 8-diones (see 2a-e), the new cyclodimer 8 is an O2-sensitive compound. The 11-bromobicyclo[4.4.1] undeca-1,3,5,7,9-pentaene-11-carboxylic acid (13) was prepared and converted into the acyl phosphate 14, which in turn was reduced with Zn-Ag couple in THF/MeOD to give the deuterated ester 16. Other cyclopropylidenemethanones could be generated and dimerized advantageously by the Zn-induced reduction of the mixed anhydride of the 1-bromocyclopropanecarboxylic acid and diethyl hydrogen phosphonate.
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  • 173
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 2022-2025 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Synthesis and Thermal Behaviour of exo-3-Methylidenetricyclo[3.2.1.02,4]oct-6-eneThe title compound 3 has been prepared in 16% yield starting from 8,9,10-trinorborna-2,5-diene. Heating 3 at 140° for 4 h does not give triafulvene and cyclopentadiene by Diels-Alder cycloreversion, instead the tetracyclic compound 10 has been isolated (81%), which is presumably formed via the diradical 11.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 174
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The first known lithiated 1-azafulvene derivatives were generated by low-temperature halogen/metal interchange, with t-BuLi, from the corresponding brominated 6-diisopropylamino compounds 3b and 12. These Li species reacted with sundry eletrophilic reagents to give products which, on basic hydrolysis, were converted into 5-mono- or 4,5-disubstituted pyrrole-2-carbaldehydes 10 and 16, respectively.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 175
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 531-543 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A new synthesis of deoxysepiapterin (2), one of the two yellow eye pigments of the Drosophila mutant sepia, is described. The synthetic approach makes use of a homolytic nucleophilic acylation of 7-(alkylthio)pteridine derivatives (11, 13, 15, 18, 20) leading to the corresponding 6-acyl derivatives ( 21-27). Desulfurizations have been achieved for the first time in the pteridine series using Raney-Co,Raney-Cu, or Cu—Al alloy in alkaline medium. Besides cleavage of the C(7)—S bond, further reductions of the C=O group at C(6) and the C(7)=N(8) bond are detected as side reactions leading to 6-(1-hydroxyalkyl) (34, 35, 42, 43) and 6-acyl-7,8-dihydro derivatives (2, 36, 37), respectively, The newly synthesized compounds have been characterized by elemental analysis, pK determination, UV and 1H-NMR spectra.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 176
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 551-561 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: On irradiation in the presence of Fe(CO)5, the allenecarboxylates 1 afforded binuclear carbonyliron complexex 6 (Scheme 3), whereas the allenic lactone 7 under similar conditions gave a mixture of one binuclear and two mononuclear carbonyliron complexes (9,8, and 10; Scheme 4). The structure of the complexes has been elucidated by X-ray crystallography. The structure of the binuclear complex 9 corresponds to that of 6, while 8 has been shown to be a 1,3-butadiene(tricabonyl)iron complex. The unique structure of the 10 represents a new type of allenic complex. A stepwise formation of the complexes via intermediate allene(tetracarbonyl) iron complexes type 11 and 13 is suggested. Treatment of the binuclear complex 6b with FeCl3 led to the formation of the free ligand and a mixture of mononuclear complexes 13 and 14 (Scheme 5). On heating, the 1,3-diene complex 8 yielded the free ligand 15, the prouduct of a (1,3) H shift in the allene 7; the complex 10 on the other hand liberates 7 on treatment with ethylenetracarbonitrile (TCNE) (Scheme 6).
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 177
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 596-601 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A general synthesis of selectively 6-(trifluoromethyl)-substitued 2(1H)-pyridinones is described. Further transformation of one of these compounds leads to the new CF3-containing potassium-channel openers 2a and 2b.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 178
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 685-686 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 179
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Solvolysis Mechanism of cis-and trans-2-Arylcycyclopentyl p- Toluenesulfonate. Subsequent Steps in trans-2-Phenylcyclopenthyl p-Toluenesulfonate SolvolysisThe solvolysis of the 1-deuteriated, 2-deuteriated, and undeuteriated trans-2-phenylcyclopentyl p-toluenesulfonate in HCOOH, AcOH, and EtOH has studied. We have shown that the classical secondary carbocation arising from substrate ionisation undergoes three concurent processes, namely kc (direct product formation),kip (hydrogenium bridged ion formation as tertiary carbocation or products precursor) and kΔph (phenonium-ion formation as retained product precursor.) The kΔph process contribution increases with solvent ionising power. The kinetic iotope effect of D—C(1) show, that the steps following ionisation have a preponderant effect on the total solvolysis rate.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Tab.
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  • 180
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The title compound 1 was obtained in 10.3% overall yield via two acid-catalyzed rearrangements and pyrrolidine formation. Thus, bi-oxindole 6 afforded exclusively the thermodynamically stable cis-diazachrysene 7 which, after allylation, followed by aza-Claisen rearrangement gave alcohol 2. Pyrolytic ring closure of the latter yielded 1 in highly diastereoselective fashion.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 181
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 1084-1093 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Triple-Diamond Structure of 2,6-Dioxoadamantane-1,3,5,7-tetracarboxylic Acid (Hydrate) as Host Lattice for Acetic AcidA novel solid-state channel-inclusion compound characterized by X-ray methods is based on three interpenetrating, translationally equivalent super-diamond network as host structure and AcOH as guest. The diamondoid host network are fromed by the 2,6-dioxoadamantane-1,3,5,7-tetracarboxylic acid tied together via pairwise H-bonds. The channels embedding the AcOH molecules may be viewed as symmetric triple helices winding about the guest species. Prospects regarding design and potentialities of diamondoid inclusion compounds are exemplified and appear promising.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 182
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 1143-1155 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Highly Diastereoselective α-Alkylation of β-Hydroxycarboxylic Acids Through Lithium Enolates of 1,3-Dioxan-4-onesFrom serine, β-hydroxyisobutyric acid (‘Roche’ acid) and β-hydroxybutyric acid, the dioxanones 1-6 were prepared. The generation of the enolates of type I with LDA at -75° and alkylation gave products with trans-configuration whereas protonation of the 5-methyl-substituted enolate allowed access to the cis-configurated β-hydroxybutyric-acid derivative 12. Hydrolysis gave the free β-hydroxy acids of ‘syn’-and ‘anti’-configuration. Alkylation of the 6-unsubstituted dioxanones 1 and 3 yielded predominantly products resulting from attack in the cis-position of the t-Bu group. The ‘reactive’ conformation of the enolates involved is tentatively derived from the product configuration. The selectivity of the alkylation is also discussed in terms of the results of an ab-initio calculation on the enolates M-P.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 183
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 1429-1441 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A new algorithm for the systematic generation of conformations of macrocyclic systems is presented. The procedure is based on the concept of generic shapes that are found in such structures. These shapes are characterized by a selection of harmonics which occur in an approximate Fourier representation of the atomic coordinates of the rings. Following a fixed protocol, a limited set of in-plane and out-of-plane circular harmonics is used to define an ensemble of generic ring shapes. These generic shapes are used as start structures for energy minimizations by a given force-field method. To account for the possibility of having several final conformations originating from the same generic shape, the corresponding initial structure is taken several times and subjected to a randomization step before minimization. The resulting conformations that fall within a preset low-energy band are collected and screened for duplicates and enantiomers. The efficiency of this procedure (ratio between the number of accepted conformations and the total number of energy minimizations) depends on the flexibility of the macrocyclic system. The efficiency is generally quite high for very flexible rings. According to the proposed protocol, the number of generic shapes used as start structures grows as the square of N(lnN), where N is the ring size. The algorithm lends itself to conformational analyses of medium-size and large rings as well as of loops spanned between fixed structural units.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 184
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: O-Methylation of optically active 3′,4′-dideoxynorlaudanosoline-l-carboxylic acids 1 with O-methyltransferase in vitro afforded almost exclusively the 7-O-methylated acids 3. A similar result was obtained with the yellow quinonemethide 4A obtained from 1 at neutral or slightly alkaline pH by oxidative decarboxylation and affording the 3,4-dihydroisoquinoline 15 on methylation with catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT). The structure of quinonemethide 4A was determined on the basis of spectral data, by its conversion into isoquinolines of established structure, and by synthesis. Quinonemethide 4A was found to be a weak inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A (MAO A) but not a substrate. Nonenzymatic oxidative decarboxylation of dopamine-derived tetrahydroisoquinoline-l-carboxylic acids to quinonemethides may be a major factor in biochemical experimentation and should be considered in the interpretation of data.
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  • 185
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 1630-1637 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Base-induced elimination of dichlorocarbene adducts 2 to 9-alkoxyphen threnes 1 leads to furans 6, presumably via cyclopropenes 3 which undergo rearrangement to vinylcarbenes 4 and C—H insertion. By the same sequence, the 9-substituted alkylphenanthrene adduct 10 and 14 afford cyclopentadienes 11 and 15. Carbene adducts of simple enol ethers, however, react differently and give preferentially 2-chloroalken-2-ones.
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  • 186
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 1661-1664 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: It is shown that the acidity dependence of the rate of nitrosation of aromatic amines and of hydroxylamine in strongly acidic aqueous solutions does not necessarily involve the rearrangement of a charge transfer complex (consisting of the NO+ ion and the substrate with an NH3+ group) in concert with a proton loss at the NH3+ group. More likely, proton loss of the charge complex preceeds the π → N rearrangement of the NO+ ion.
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  • 187
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 1689-1696 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: (all-E)-12′-Apozeanthinol, Persicaxanthine, and PersicachromesReexamination of the so-called ‘persicaxanthins’ and ‘persicachromes’, the fluorescent and polar C25-apocarotenols from the flesh of cling peaches, led to the identification of the following components: (3R)-12′-apo-β-carotene-3,12′-diol (3), (3S,5R,8R, all-E)- and (3S,5R,8S,all-E)-5,8-epoxy-5,8-dihydro-12′-apo-β-carotene-3,12′-diols (4 and 5, resp.), (3S,5R,6S,all-E)-5,6-epoxy-5,6-dihydro-l2′-apo-β-carotene-3,12′-diol =persicaxanthin; (6), (3S,5R,6S,9Z,13′Z)-5,6-dihydro-12′apo-β-carotene-3,12′-diol (7; probable structure), (3S,5R,6S,15Z)-5,6-epoxy-5,6-dihydro-12′-apo-β-carotene-3,12′-diol (8), and (3S,5R,6S,13Z)-5,6-epoxy-5,6-dihydro-12′-apo-β-carotene-3,12′-diol (9). The (Z)-isomers 7-9 are very labile and, after HPLC separation, isomerized predominantly to the (all-E)-isomer 6.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 188
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 1795-1800 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The complexation of Cu2+ by N-isopropyl-2-methyl-1,2-propanediamine (L) has been studied by potentiometric and spectrophotometric titration. The dominant complexes formed in this system are [CuL]2+, [CuL2]2+, [Cu2L2(OH)2]2+, and [CuL(OH)2]. The data were thoroughly tested for different models with [CuL(OH)]+, [CuL(OH)]+, [Cu(OH)]+, and [Cu2(OH)2]2+ as additional species. The importance of steric factors is indicated by the d-d* spectra: for [CuL2]2+, (λmax = 499 nm) the absorption maximum is shifted by 50 nm to high energies relative to [Cu(en)2]2+, (λmax = 549 nm), whereas the opposite is true for the 1:1 complexes ([CuL]2+ : λmax = 712 nm,s [Cu(en)]2+ : λmax = 660 nm).
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 189
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 1813-1823 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Oligonucleotides with alternating 8-aza-7-deaza-2′-deoxyadenosine (= c7z8Ad2) and dT residues (see 11, 14 and 16) or 4-aminopyrazolo [3,4-d] pyrimidine N2-(β-D-2′-deoxyribofuranoside) (= c7z8A′d1); (3) and dT residues (see 12) have been prepared by solid-phase synthesis using P(III) chemistry, Additionally, palindromic oligomers derived from d(C-T-G-G-A-T-C-C-A-G) but containing 2 or 3 instead of dA (see 18-22) have been synthesized. Benzoylation of 2 or 3, followed by 4,4′-dimethoxytritylation and subsequent phosphitylation yielded the methyl or the cyanoethyl phosphoramidites 8a,b and 9. They were employed in automated. DNA synthesis. Alternating oligomers containing 2 or 3 showed increase dTm values compared to those with dA, in particular 12 with an unusual N2-glycosylic bond. The palindromic oligomers 18-22 containing 2 or 3 instead of dA outside of the enzymic recognition side reduced the hydrolysis rate, replacement within d(G-A-T-C) abolished phosphodiester hydrolysis.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 190
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 1840-1841 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 191
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 1858-1867 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Laser flash photolysis and matrix-isolation techniques were applied to elucidate the photochemistry of the orange complex bis(pentafluorophenyl)titanocene ( = bis(η5-cyclopentadienyl)bis(pentafluorophenyl)titanium- (IV), Cp2TiIV{C6F5}2, Cp = η5-C5H5, 1) which is used as a polymerization photo-initiator. The primary photo-reaction of 1 is the formation of a highly reactive blue isomer X with unit quantum yield. In carefully dried and degassed benzene solution, the photoisomer X rearranges to starting material 1 with a first-order reaction, k = 5 · 103 s-1 at room temperature. X is highly reactive towards H2O, MeOH, acetone, MeCN, MeNO2, butane-1,4-diyl diacrylate, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine N-oxide, CO, O2, and N2; absolute bimolecular rate constants range from 106 to 109 M-1 · s-1. The primary photoisomerization 1→X is tentatively ascribed to a cyclopentadienyl ring slippage from η5 to a lower hapticity, a process that opens up coordinative unsaturation.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 192
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 1868-1874 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The application of the allyl-ester moiety as protecting principle for the carboxy group of N-acetylneuraminic acid is described. Peracetylated allyl neuraminate 2 is synthesized by reacting the caesium salt of the acid 1 with allyl bromide. Treatment of 2 with HCl in AcCl or with HF/pyridine gives the corresponding 2-chloro or 2-fluoro derivatives 3 and 4, respectively (Scheme 1). In the presence of Ag2CO3, the 2-chloro carbohydrate 3 reacts with di-O-isopropylidene-protected galactose 5 to give the 2-6 linked disaccharide with the α-D-anomer 6a predominating (α-D/β-D = 6:1; Scheme 2). Upon activation of the 2-fluoro derivative 4 with BF3 · Et2O, the β-D-anomer 6b is formed preferentially (α-D/β-D = 1:5). In further glycosylations of 4 with long-chain alcohols, the β-D-anomers are formed exclusively (see 10 and 11; Scheme 4). The allyl-ester moiety can be removed selectively and quantitatively from the neuraminyl derivatives and the neuraminyl disaccharides by Pd(0)-catalyzed allyl transfer to morpholine as the accepting nucleophile (see Scheme 5).
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  • 193
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The conventional determination of the amino-acid sequence of the peptide antibiotic Ro 09-0198 was prevented by four cyclizations via side chains. The joint application of NMR spectroscopy at highest field and automated Edman degradation yielded a complete determination of the connectivity pattern. The three-dimensional structure derived from NOE data exhibits an interesting separation of amino acids with hydrophilic and hydrophobic side chains.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 194
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The equilibrium between [Ce(H2O)9]3+ and [Ce(H2O)8]3+ has been followed in aqueous solution at 298 K by variable-pressure UV spectroscopy at 295 nm. The dervied volume of reaction for the dissociation of this enneaaqua ion is ΔV0 = +10.9 cm3. mol-1. This value, together with the previously determined activation volume, ΔV≠ = -6 cm3. mol-1, for H2O exchange on [Ln(H2O)8]3+ (Ln = Tb to Tm), allows the assignment of an associative interchange Ia mechanism on these octaaqua ions.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 195
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Scope and Limitations of the Reductive Coupling of Aromatic Aldimine Derivatives with Formation of 1,2-Diarylethylenediamine Units, Using Low-Valent Titanium ReagentsBesides the adducts from lithium amides to aromatic aldehydes, iminium salts, animals, and N-silylimines of aromatic aldehydes are coupled by the black suspension obtained from TiCL4 and Mg turnings in tetrahydrofuran (THF). The 1,2-diarylethylenediamines with tertiary and primary amino groups thus obtained are formed with no or only moderate diastereoselectivity (products 4a-d (Scheme 2) and 5-e (Scheme 3), respectively); the amine component may contain a strained ring or additional heteroatoms as in azetidin, bis(2-methoxyethyl)amine, piperazine, morpholine, and thiomorpholine (products 6a-e; Table 1). By an in-situ procedure, ethylenediamines exclusively trans-diaryl-substituted piperazine and perhydro-1,4-diazepine derivatives (products 7a-f; Table 2). Enantiomerically pure monocyclic trans,cis-5-alkyl-2,-3-diaryl-piperazines and diazabicyclo[4.3.0]nonanes and -[4.4.0]decanes are obtained by employing suitable diamines prepared from the amino acids (S)-alanine, (S)-phenylalanine, (S)-proline and from (S,S)- or (R,R)-cyclohexane-1,2-diamine, respectively (products 11a-i, 7e; Table 4). The configuration of all products are derived from the high-field NMR spectra, some of which are discussed in detail (Figs. 1 and 2, Tables 3 and 5); all new compounds are fully characterized by their physical data. Depending upon the structure of the components employed, the yields of purified products range from as low as 7% to essentially quantitative.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 196
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The photooxygenation of (4R,4aS,7R)-4,4a,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,7-dimethyl-3H-2-benzopyran (16) was performed in (i) MeOH, (ii) acetaldehyde, and (iii) acetone at -78°. The products obtained respectively were (i) (2R)-2-[(1S,4R)-4-methyl-2-oxocyclohexyl]propyl formate (17; 72% yield), (ii) 17 (54.5%), (1R,4R,4aS,7R)-3,4,4a,5,6,7-hexahydro-4,7-dimethyl-1H-2-benzopyran-2-yl hydroperoxide (19; 16.7%), a 12:1 ratio of (3R,4aR,7R,7aS,10R,11aR)-7,7a,8,9,10,11-hexahydro-3,7,10-trimethyl-6H-[2]benzopyrano[1,8a-e]-1,2,4-trioxane (20) and its C(3)-epimer 21 (17%), together with evidence for the 1,2-dioxetane (22) originating from the addition of dioxygen to the re-re face of the double bond of 16, and iii) unidentified products and traces of 22. Addition of trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (Me3SiOTf) to the acetone solution of 16 after photooxygenation afforded (4aR,7R,7aS,10R,11aR)-7,7a,8,9,10,11-hexahydro-3,3,7,10-tetramethyl-6H-[2]benzopyrano[1,8a-e]-1,2,4,-trioxane (23, 40%). The photooxygenation of 16 in CH2Cl2 at -78° followed by addition of acetone and Me3SiOTf afforded 17 (11%), 23 (59%), and (4aR,7R,7aS,10R,11aR)-7,7a,8,9,10,11-hexahydro-3,3,7,10-tetramethyl-6H-[2]benzopyrano[8a,1-e]-1,2,4-trioxane (24; 5%. Repetition of the last experiment, but replacing acetone by cyclopentanone, gave 17 (16%), (4′aR,7′R,7′aS,10′R,11′aR)-7′,7′a,8′,9′,10′,11′-hexahydro-7′,10′-dimethylspiro[cyclopentane-1,3′-6′H-[2]benzopyrano[1,8a-e]-1,2,4-trixane] (25; 61%), and (4′aR,7′R,7′aS,10′R,11′aR)-7′,7′a,8′,9′,10′,11′-hexahydro-7′,10′-dimethylspiro[cyclopentane-1,3′-6′H-[2]benzopyrano[8a,1-e]-1,2,4-trixane] (26, 4%). The X-ray analysis of 23 was performed, which together with the NMR data, established the structure of the trioxanes 20, 21, 24, 25, and 26. Mechanistic and synthesis aspects of these reactions were discussed in relation to the construction of the 1,2,4-trioxane ring in arteannuin and similar molecules.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 197
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Formation fo Diastereomeric Zireconiooxycarbene Complexes by Treating of Bis (tert-butyl-Cp)2Zr(butadiene) with hexacarbonyltungstenReaction of (η4-butadiene)bis(η-tert-butylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium (95:5 s-cis-/s-trans-5 equilibrium mixture) with hexacarbonyltungsten yields the zirconiooxycarbene complex (6), that crystallizes in space group P1 (X-ray analysis). The chiral central metallacyclic ring system and the chiral preferred conformation of the Cp-substituted bent metallocene unit leads to the formation of diastereomeric zirconiooxycarbene complexes 6 and 6′. X-ray structural analysis as well as the 13C CP/MAS spectrum indicate the presence of an 80:20 mixture of the two diastereomeric carbene complexes in the solid state. The existence of equilibrating diastereomers in solution was derived from the temperature dependent NMR spectra of the dissolved carbene complex.
    Notizen: Die Reaktion von (η4-Butadien)bis(η-tert-butylcyclopentadienyl)-zirconium (95:5-s-cis-/s-trans-5-Gleichgewichtsgemisch) mit Hexacarbonylwolfram liefert den Zirconiooxycarbencomplex (6), der in der Raumgruppe P1 kristallisiert (Röntgenstrukturanalyse). Aufgrund des chiralen zentralen metallacyclischen Ringsystems und der chiralen Vorzugskonformation des Cp-substituierten gewinkelten Metallocensystems werden diastereoisomere Zirconiooxycarbenkomplexen 6 und 6′ gebildet. Röntgenstrukturanalyse und 13C-CP/MAS-Spektrum deuten auf das Vorliegen eines 80:20-Gemisches dieser diastereomeren Carbenkomplexe im Festkörper hin. Die temperaturabhängigen NMR-Spektren des Carbenkomplexes in Lösung werden mit einem Gleichgewicht der Diastereomeren interpretiert.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 198
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 121 (1988), S. 1045-1057 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Aminoiminoboranes as Synthons for the Preparation of Three- and Four-membered Rings with the Ring-Atom Sequence BNE, BNBE, BNSiE, and NBNE (E = P, Partly also B, Si, Ge, As)Dihalides AHal2 add to the iminoborane iPr2NBNtBu (1a) to give diaminoboranes iPr2NB(Hal)N(tBu)-AHal (2j); by the substitution of Hal by NiPr2 or Me in 2e, f, j the derivatives 2k-m are formed. With the aid of alkali metal, the diaminoboranes 2a, c, d, m are dehalogenated to the three-membered ring compounds [—B(NiPr2)N(tBu)—A—] with A = B(NiPr2) (3), SiR2 (4a, b), P(NiPr)2 (5), whereas the dechlorination of 2a, c with Li2EPh (E = P, As) yields the four-membered ring products [—B(NiPr2)N(tBu)—A—E(Ph)—] with A = B(NiPr2) (6, 7), SiMe2 (8, 9). Dichlorides ACl2 are added to the iminoborane Me3Si(tBu)NBNtBu (1b) to give either the diaminoboranes Me3Si(tBu)NB(Cl)N(tBu)— ACl (2n-w) or the four-membered rings [—N(tBu)B(Cl)N(tBu)—A—] with A = GeMe2 (12), PX (13a-e), AsCl (14a), Me3SiCl being a second product. The same type of ring compound with A = BX (10a-d), SiX2 (11a, b) is formed from 2n-s during the elimination of Me3SiCl by the action of the solvent chloroform at room temperature. The Cl atom in these ring compounds can be substituted by alkyl, amino, or alkoxy groups to give 10e, f, 13f-h, 14b-j. The configuration and conformation of the products in solution and the structure of 3, 6, 7, 12, 14b in the solid state are discussed on the basis of NMR and X-ray data, respectively.
    Notizen: Die Addition von AHal2 an das Iminoboran iPr2NBNtBu (1a) ergibt die Diaminoborane iPr2NB(Hal)N(tBu)—AHal (2a-i) und das Triaminoboran (iPr2N)2BN(tBu)—AsBr2 (2j); der Austausch von Hal in 2e, f, j gegen NiPr2 bzw. Me führt zu den Produkten 2k-m. Durch Enthalogenierung von 2a, c, d, m mit Alkalimetall gelangt man zu den Dreiringverbindungen [—B(NiPr2)N(tBu)-;A-] mit A = B(NiPr2) (3), SiR2 (4a, b), P(NiPr2) (5), während sich mit Li2EPh (E = P, As) aus 2a,c Vierringverbindungen des Typs [—B(NiPr2)N(tBu)—A—E(Ph)—] mit A = B(NiPr2) (6, 7), SiMe2 (8, 9) bilden. Addiert man ACl2 an das Iminoboran Me3Si(tBu)NBNtBu (1b), so entstehen entweder die Diaminoborane Me3Si(tBu)NBN(tBu)—ACl (2n-w) oder unter Abspaltung von Me3SiCl die Vierring verbindungen [—N(tBu)B(Cl)N(tBu)—A—] mit A = GeMe2 (12), PX (13a-e), AsCl (14a). Denselben Typ von Vierringverbindungen mit A = BX (10a-d), SiX2 (11a, b) erhält man neben Me3SiCl bei der Einwirkung von Chloroform auf 2n-s. Durch Austausch des an das B-, P- oder As-Atom in jenen Vierringen gebundenen Cl-Rests gegen Alkyl-, Amino- und Alkoxygruppen kommt man zu den Derivaten 10e, f, 13f-h, 14b-j. Die Konfiguration aller Produkte in Lösung wird anhand der NMR-Spektren und die Struktur von 3, 6, 7, 12, 14b in festem Zustand anhand röntgenographischer Untersuchungen diskutiert.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 199
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Preparation and Properties of, and Reactions with, Metal-Containing heterocycles, LIX.  -  Synthesis and Properties of ηn2-Thiophosphinito complexes of CobaltThe η2-thiophosphinito complexes (OC)2(R2R12P)Co(η2-PR32S) (3a,b,d,e,i,j,k,m,n) are obtained by reaction of ICo(CO)2(PR3)2 (1, 2) [R = Ph (1), Cy (2)] with the secondary phosphane sulfides R32HP=S in the presence of Et(iPr)2N. The Me2PS und Et2PS compounds 3a,b,d oligomerize easily to form [(OC)2(R2R12P)Co(μ-PR32S)]n (4a,b,d) (n 〉 2). Upon exchange of PR12R2 (R1 = R2 = Ph) in 3a,d,j,m by PPh2Me, PPhMe2, and PMe3 in addition to the η2-thiophosphinito complexes 3f,g,l the dimeric species [(OC)2(R2R12P)Co(μ-PR32S)]2 (5c,f,g,h,o) are formed. The dimerization tendency depends on the steric demand of the substituents R1, R2, and R3. The substituents R1 and R2 in 5f,g are responsible for energetically preferred preferred rotamers, which are indicated in the 31P{1H}-NMR spectra. The barrier of rotation is calculated to give ΔG≠ = 42 kJ/mol. According to X-ray structural analysis (OC)2(Cy3P)Co(η2-PEt2S) (3e), [(OC)2(Me3P)Co-(μ-PMe2S)]2 (5c), and [(OC)2(Ph2MeP)Co(μ-PEt2S)]2 (5f) crystallize in the space group P21/c, P1 and P21/c with Z = 4, 2, and 2, respectively.
    Notizen: Durch Umsetzung von ICo(CO)2(PR3)2 (1, 2) [R = Ph (1), Cy (2)] mit den sekundären Phosphansulfiden R23HP = S erhält man in Gegenwart von Et(iPr)2N die η2-Thiophosphinito-Komplexe (OC)2(R2R21P)Co(η2-PR23S) (3a,b,d,e,i,j,k,m,n). Die Me2PS und Et2PS-Verbindungen 3a,b,d oligomerisieren leicht unter Bildung von [(OC)2(R2R21P)Co(μ-PR23S]n (4a,b,d) (n 〉 2). Beim Austausch von PR21R2 (R1 = R2 = Ph) in 3a,d,j,m durch PPh2-Me, PPhMe2 und PMe3 entstehen neben den η2-Thiophosphinito-Komplexen 3f,g,l die dimeren Spezies [(OC)2(R21P) Co(μ-PR23S)]2 (5c,f,g,h,o). Die Dimerisierungstendenz hängt von dem sterischen Anspruch der Substituenten R1, R2 und R3 ab. Die Substituenten R1 und R2 in 5f,g sind für energetisch bevorzugte Rotamere verantwortlich, die sich in den 31P{1H}-NMR-Spektren zu erkennen geben. Die Rotationsbarriere berechnet sich zu ΔG≠ = 42 kj/mol. Nach Röntgenstrukturanalysen kristallisieren (OC)2(Cy3P)Co(η2-PEt2S) (3e), [(OC)2(Me3P)Co(μ-PMe2S)]2 (5c) und [(OC)2(Ph2MeP)Co(μ-PEt2S)]2 (5f) in der Raumgruppe P21/c, P1 bzw. P21/c mit Z = 4, 2 bzw. 2.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 200
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 121 (1988), S. 1085-1091 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Organic Syntheses via transition Metal Complexes, 28.  -  3- and 4-Imino-2-azetidinones from Isocyanides and Manganese Carbene Complex(CO)2(MeC5H4)Mn=C(OEt)Ph (1) reacts stepwise with two equivalents of isocyanides R—NC 2 (R = a: c-C6H11, b: Me, c: Ph). In the first step ketenimine complexes 3 are obtained. These have been isolated and characterized spectroscopically. 3 reacts with 2. An addition of bulky 2a to 3a leads to the disengagement of N-cyclohexyl ketenimine 7. In contrast, 2b,c on reaction with 3b,c form isomeric 4- and 3-imino-2-azetidinylidene complexes 4 and 5, resp. By a consecutive incorporation of two different isocyanides it could be demonstrated that products 4 are obtained by a [3 + 1] cycloaddition (attack of 2 from the side opposite to the metal) but 5 is formed by a [2 + 2] cycloaddition (attack of 2 from the metal side) in a competition process. The formation of 5 is favoured on higher reaction temperatures. 4 and 5 on decomposition with KMnO4 in a two-phase system ether/water give good yields of 4-imino- 9 and 3-imino-2-azetidinones 10, resp.
    Notizen: (CO)2(MeC5H4)Mn=C(OEt)Ph (1) reagiert stufenweise mit zwei äquivalenten Isocyanid R—NC 2 (R = a: c-C6H11, b: Me, c: Ph). In der ersten Stufe entstehen Keteniminkomplexe 3, die isoliert und spektroskopisch charakterisiert wurden. Sie bilden mit Isocyaniden  -  abhängig von deren Raumbedarf  -  unterschiedliche Produkte. 3a addiert sperriges 2a am Metall unter Verdrängung von N-Cyclohexylketenimin 7. 3b,c hingegen addieren 2b,c am Keteniminliganden zu isomeren 4- und 3-Imino-2-azetidinyliden-Komplexen 4 bzw. 5. Markierungsexperimente durch stufenweisen Einbau zweier unterschiedlicher Isocyanide ergaben, daß 4 durch [3 + 1]-Cycloaddition von 2 and 3 auf der vom Metall abgewandten Seite, 5 durch [2 + 2]-Cycloaddition auf der Metallseite entsteht. Mit steigender Reaktionstemperatur verschiebt sich das Konkurrenzverhältnis 4:5 zugunsten von 5. 4 und 5 lassen sich mit KMnO4 im Zweiphasensystem Ether/Wasser glatt in 4-Imino- 9 bzw. 3-Imino-2-azetidinone 10 umwandeln.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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