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  • 2010-2014
  • 1985-1989
  • 1980-1984  (121)
  • 1983  (68)
  • 1981  (53)
  • Life Sciences
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 250-250 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 241-249 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In this review are described results of the research in the Soviet Union in the field of selection and physiology of yeast strains for the production of SCP on the base of petroleum hydrocarbons.The most efficient yeast strains were selected by cultivation on enrichment medias. Most of them belong to a limited number of the species of the genus Candida.The stability of the industrial interesting properties of yeasts also was demonstrated during a continuous long-time cultivation.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 227-240 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Microbial synthesis of SCP on hydrocarbons is regaining importance. Improved methods of energetic balancing allow its economic assessment also under conditions denying direct proportionality between costs and social expenditures. Main methods for augmenting economy of SCP synthesis are recovery of further products beyond SCP, simplification of downstream processes, and rise in yield and productivity of fermentation.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 363-370 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Examples of the aerobic biological reactor treatment design in accordance with generalized model, suggested earlier by the author, are presented. The generalized model is shown to be most adequate to experiments, in a wide range of the level of treatment. The coefficients of the generalized model can be determined graphically. Two simple limiting cases follow from the generalized model corresponding to the rough and high level treatment from complex pollutant. A criterion, which helps to distinguish these two cases, is suggested.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 375-378 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 293-296 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 289-292 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Laborfermentoren stellen ein grundlegendes Arbeitsmittel in der biotechnologischen Forschung dar, dessen Entwicklungsst and in entscheidendem Maße Leistungsfähigkeit und Effektivität der Forschungsprozesse bestimmt. Deshalb ist eng verbunden mit den stündig steigenden Anforderungen an Quantität und Qualität der Informationen aus den verschiedenen hierarchischen Niveaus biotechnologischer Prozesse die Entwicklung hoch instrumentierter leistungsfähiger Laborfermentorsyteme.Der Trend, biotechnologische Prozesse in ihrer Raum-Zeit-Ausbeute traditionellen chemischen Prozessen anzugleichen, führte zur Entwicklung von Fermentorsystemen mit neuen Wirkprinzipien zur Gewährleistung hoher Stoffäbertragungsleistungen. Mit der Realisierung derartiger Hochleistungsfermentoren in großtechnischen Dimensionen ist verbunden die Forderung nach leistungsfähigen Laborfermentoren für die Erarbeitung wissenschaftlicher Grundlagen als Basis für eine gesicherte Maßestabsäbertragung.Die Entwicklung eines 2,5 l Laborsterilfermentors mit hohen Stoffübertragungsleistungen stellt einen Beitrag zur Vervollständigung der gerätetechnischen Basis für die biotechnologische Grundlagenforschung dar.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: One of the most striking features of alkane-grown yeast cells is conspicuous appearance of peroxisomes in harmony with a high level of catalase. This unique phenomenon was first demonstrated in the authors′ laboratory, and the metabolic functions of peroxisomes in yeasts utilizing alkanes has been estabilished with intact peroxisomes isolated by density gradient centrifugation. The organelles participate in the degradation of fatty acids derived from alkanes to C2-units and the synthesis of gluconeogenic intermediates from C2-units. The abundant appearance of peroxisomes in alkane-utilizing cells has allowed successful production of several useful enzymes including catalase, D-amino acid oxidase, uricase, acyl-CoA oxidase etc. Yeast cells will be an excellent system for investigation the functions and development of peroxisomes because biogenesis of the organelles is induced only by transferring the cells into alkane medium from glucose or ethanol medium.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A study of alkane degradation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been carried out over the last twelve years in the author's laboratory. This study has been aimed at the detailed characterization of the enzymes involved in alkane oxidation to fatty acids, alkane hydroxylase, alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase. Here are summarized the main results of this study and described with some more detail the points which have not yet been reported. Some general conclusions which can be drawn from the evidence obtained are presented.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Some aspects of the nonsteril yeast production are shown by a process with the alkane utilizing yeast Lodderomyces elongisporus D EH 15. Thereby an accompanying flora developes besides the yeast culture. The accompanying flora is using a lot of biogenic substances which are lysis products or extracellular metabolites. The dynamics of the development of the accompanying flora are shown, some remarks are made concerning the interactions between production strain and bacteria, the stability of the yeast strain and the recirculation of process water streams after the separation.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 371-374 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 379-382 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 383-383 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 13-19 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A thermotolerant yeast species of Lodderomyces elongisporus EH 60 was isolated and physiologically characterized. This yeast possesses a high specific growth rate with μmax = 0.61 h-1. The dependence of the specific growth rate and cell yield on temperature, dilution rate, sucrose concentration and pH-value is investigated. Sucrose concentrations greater than 10 g/l inhibit the growth velocity.The specific growth rate μ can be calculated by a simple combination equation in the form: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \begin{array}{*{20}c} {\mu \, = \,\mu _{\max } \frac{{\rm S}}{{{\rm K}_{\rm s} \, + \,{\rm S}}}\, - \,K_2 \cdot S^{K_1 } } \\ {{\rm (growth term)}\,{\rm (inhibition term)}} \\ \end{array} $$\end{document}.The total optimum values for a sucrose-based continuous growth process with regard to the optimum cell yeild are: YS = 0.50 g DM/g S. Topt. = 38,6 °C and Dopt. = 0,35 h-1. The function YS = f(D, T) is represented by a total model.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 15
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 21-25 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Methylglyoxal (CH3COCHO) is a toxic intermediate of the carbon metabolism. Its accumulation in the growth medium of microorganisms may be an important danger for many fermentation processes. In this paper data will be presented which show the physiological effect of this compound on the living cell, the enzymes responsible for the synthesis and the turnover of methylglyoxal including the environmental conditions necessary for the accumulation of lethal concentrations in the medium.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 27-32 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The influence of various concentrations of lysine and threonine on the growth rate (μ), homoserine- deficient and prototroph revertant at their joint growth in liquid fermentation medium has been investigated.It has been established that even relatively small concentrations of threonine (25 mg/l) at the background of lysine concentration exceeding 10 g/l reduce μ of prototrophs, but do not influence μ of auxotrophs.It is supposed that the addition of threonine at the background of comparatively large concentrations of lysine is one of the factors creating selective conditions under which an auxotroph producer has advantage over prototroph revertant.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 19
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 33-37 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: There is treated the combined apply of chemical and biological plant protection preparations as well as their reciprocal effect. Purpose of this work is to investigate the effect of the chemical preparation Fekamatribufon EC-50 (butylat-0,0-dimethyl-II-butyryloxy-2,2,2-trichlorethylester of phosphonic acid) on the spores of Bacillus thuringicnsis, var. dendrolimus and var. Berliner. The electronic-microscopical investigations determine that the chemical insecticid Fekamatribufon EC-50 accelerates the lysying of the spore structural elements of investigated Bacillus strains. The results of these investigations prove the incompatibility of the preparation Fekamatribufon EC-50 in concentrations of 0.6-1.2% (Water solution) when it is combined with the microbial preparations Dendrobacillin and Türicid.The above mentioned results present that the combined apply of chemical in ecticids with microbial preparations as plant protection means have obligatory to be preseded bysexact determination of their reciprocal effect.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 22
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A dried proteolytic enzyme preparation “Thermitase” is produced of the cultural solution of Thermoactinomyces vulgaris. The procedure comprises concentration, sedimentation, ethanol and sodiumsulfate precipitation and drying in laboratorial and semitechnical scale.The elimination of rape seed oil which impairs the salt sedimentation was specially taken into account. A certain sedimentation procedure using caoline or a aqueous solution of CaCl2 and Na2HPO4 or filtration was elaborated to eliminate the lipid components in the concentrated solution.The method is convenient to get good yields of the thermostable protease.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 49-52 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The activity of methanol dehydrogenase of Protaminobacter thiaminophagus ATCC 21371 and its 10 mutants which where able to overproduce amino acids from methanol was studied. It was found that the activity of methanol dehydrogenase depended on the used strain varied from 56.1 to 100.6 mU/mg d. w. of cells. Specific production of amino acids was between 4.3 × 10-7 and 13.0 × 10-7 μg/CFU.Statistical analysis confirmed expected high positive correlation (r = 0.93) between activity of methanol dehydrogenase and specific production of amino acids.Based on the measurement of methanol dehydrogenase activity a rapid method of estimation of amino acid production ability of Protaminobacter thiaminophagus mutants was developed.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 53-57 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Millet amylase formed during malting was used for teh saccharification of cassava (Manihot esculenta) into glucose syrup. The resulting syrup was also fermented to ethanol and citric acid. The maximum α-amylase activity occurred within 30 hours of millet germination at an optimum pH 8.0 and 40°C. The T. reesei enzymes enhanced the rate of cassava hydrolysis and paper chromatography revealed the presence of maltose, glucose and galactose in the cassava hydrolysate. The low cost of millet coupled with the fact that it is readily available makes it an economic source of amylase.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 155-161 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Electrophysical devices with standard sensors were used for measuring the principal electrophysical parameters of raw materials, microbiological suspension and biopreparations: their dielectric constant, tangent of dielectric loss angle, specific conductivity and duration of dielectric relaxation of the medium. The obtained characteristics proved ot be rather informative for monitoring different technological parameters of the biosynthesis. The applicability of electrophysical methods in monitoring the process of biosynthesis was substantiated with examples.The electrophysical methods provide a simple and reliable way of monitoring the technological parameters in technical microbiology.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 163-169 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The kinetics of enzymatic hydrolysis of different lignocellulosic materials (wheat straw, newspaper and microcrystalline cellulose Avicel PH 101) was studied using the cellulase complexes from Trichoderma reesei QM 9414 and its mutants M 5, M 6, MHC 15 and MHC 22. The maximum yields of hydrolysis were obtained with wheat straw partially delignified with 1% NaOH as substrate, and using the enzyme from the mutants T. reesei M 6 and MHC 22. The possibility of simultaneous enzymatic hydrolysis and ethanol fermentation of wheat straw using the enzyme complex from M 6 and yeasts of the genus Candida and Torulopsis was also investigated. A good conversion of liberated glucose and cellobiose to ethanol was obtained, however, xylose was not fermented.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 177-183 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Nuoc-mam is a traditional foodstuff of the people of Vietnam. It is an aromatic sauce of a pleasant taste and consists of a fish hydrolysate. The hitherto used method for producing Nuoc-mam is on principle an autolysis of fish in combination with a microbial fermentation and leads to a salt containing solution of amino acids and of products from removed conversion- and synthese- products from fish and microorganisms.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 170-170 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
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  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 171-176 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The known measuring methods for marking the physiological microbial population state are classified and evaluated. From this point the theoretical, measuring and control developmental stage is considered.
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  • 30
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
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  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 279-288 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: At the microbial oxidation of long-chain alkanes such monocarbonic acids at a monoterminal oxidation are formed which correspond to the chain length of the alkanes. At diterminal oxidation the corresponding dioic acids are produced.Under the influence of cerulenin a cerulenin a direct incorporation of fatty acids into cell lipids increases. Undecanoic acid cannot be metabolized byMortierella isabellina. It causes an inhibition of alkane oxidation. A main effect of undecanoic acid is an inhibition of the elongation of other fatty acids. The de novo fatty acid biosynthesis has not been inhibited by undecanoic acid.
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  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983) 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
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  • 33
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Up to the year 2000 the total demand of protein for animal feeding will rise by 146%. This demand can not be covered by agriculture alone. According to FAO data it will be an expected deficit of some 400 million tons of cereals at this time all over the world. Therefore the large scale industrial production of SCP from alkanes, methanol and other raw materials will undoubtely become soon an absolute necessity. On the other hand, a new process of solid state fermentation (ORSTOM/IRCHA process) having special interest for the developing countries has been recently set-up in France.Based on dried and crushed potatoes or cassava (manioc or tapioca) protein enrichment by fermentation of feeds of foods (PEFF) in a simple manner without aseptic conditions with the filamentous fungus Aspergillus hennebergii is carried out. The process is presently optimized and scaled-up to the size of a 700 kg (dry weight) fermenter.Nutrititional and toxicological assays have demonstrated complete safety and excellent nutrititional value of the product, which is applicable as a feedstuff for breading of e.g. pigs or chickens.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 34
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    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 221-225 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The kinetics of the bacterial extracellular protease synthesis (neutral and alkaline protease of Bacillus mesentericusstrain 76, R-form) in batch and chemostat cultures under conditions of glucose limitation were investigated. When the medium was supplemented with casein the production of the proteases was significantly higher. Optimal dilution rates for obtaining of two proteases are fixed. The synthesis of both alkaline and neutral proteases is controlled by catabolite repression and induction.
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  • 35
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    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 269-277 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Investigations of a wide range of methane- and methanol-utilizers showed a striking versatility of their metabolism dependent on the genotype and growth conditions. A correlation between pathways of carbon and nitrogen metabolism was found. It was most stringent in obligate methane-utilizers: the hexulosephosphate pathway bacteria assimilated NH3 by the reductive amination of α-ketoglutarate or pyruvate whereas the serine pathway bacteria used the glutamate cycle (glutamine synthetase + glutamate-oxoglutarate aminotransferase).Multiple enzymic lesions were found in central metabolism of obligate methylotrophs, i.e. the absence of the enzymes of glycolytic and pentosephosphate pathways, gluconeogenesis, citric acid cycle and glyoxylate shunt. These metabolic blocks were not so profound and could be compensated in restricted and facultative methylotrophs during heterotrophic growth.The average levels of exogenous CO2 fixation in methylotrophic bacteria with the hexulosephosphate, serine and ribulosebisphosphate pathways were found to be 10, 30 and 80% of their total cell carbon, respectively.These results served as a basis for biotechnological applications of metabolic potential of methylotrophs (production of biomass, polysaccharides and enzymes as well as for microbiological treatment of industrial waters containing toxic C1- and Cn-compounds).
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  • 36
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    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 309-318 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: It is demonstrated that aliphatic hydrocarbons (alkanes) penetrate into bacteria cells by the way of passive diffusion. The mechanism of this process is different for several bacteria species. A hydrophobic cell wall is essential for that process. In saprophytic Mycobacteria hydrocarbons are solubilized in the thick hydrophobic cell wall. During the process of absorption hydrocarbons pass through the whole cell wall up to the membrane. In the case of Arthrobacteria the hydrocarbons might pass not through the whole cell wall, but through special lipophilie canals.Mobile hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria g. Pseudomonas form peptidoglycolipid and excrete it into the medium. The peptidoglycolipid emulsifies hydrocarbon substrate.
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  • 37
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    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 59-64 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The free monosaccharide content of C. lipolytica (strain 4 124) cells grown on n-hexadecane was identified and found to be only glucose. The chromatographic analysis of the hydrolysate of intracellular cell wall polysaccharides indicated the presence of glucose: mannose: galactose: xylose in a ratio of 1 : 1.32 : 1.07 : 0.35.Paper and dise electrophoresis of extracellular polysaccharid from the culture broth was found to be heterogeneous.Ethanol fractionation separated it to a major component F (I) 81.99% and a minor one F (II) 13.04%.Analysis of the major fraction showed that it consisted of galactose and mannose only while the minor polysaccharide consisted of galactose, glucose and mannose.Thus it was concluded that the predominant sugar in both extracellular and intracellular polysaccharides was mannose. Xylose was detected in the intracellular polysaccharide only.
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  • 38
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    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 76-78 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In this report the biokinetic parameter μmax, m and Ymax for the denitrification of a medium containing acetat as C-source and a soft coal gasification water containing volatile fatty acids as main components have been compared. An expression for a true maximum specific growth rate is proposed (μmaxw = μmax + mYmax) and it could be shown that despite different values for μmax the values for μmaxw correspond fairly well.
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  • 39
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    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 79-81 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A flow cuvette for fluorescence exciting and measuring directly on the surface of fermentation broths was developed. Compared with the commonly used cuvette the disturbances by inhomogeneities of the samples and by the inner filter effect could be lowered to an appreciable extent.
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  • 40
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 41
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A nonisothermal flow calorimeter operating directly in the fermenter was used for heat flow measurements of aerobic microbial growth processes with high biomass productivities. The measuring arrangement makes it possible to describe transitional stages of aerobic yeast cell growth by the ratio of heat production to oxygen consumption (oxy-caloric coefficient). The oxy-caloric coefficient was not constant under the described conditions. The results refer to the existence of an additional energy-delivering mechanism in microbial systems with aerobic carbon source utilization. The mechanism can involve polyphosphate bond division coupled to biomass synthesis.
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  • 42
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    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983) 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
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  • 43
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 44
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    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 96-96 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
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  • 45
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    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 99-124 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This review deals with different aspects concerning the genus Thiobacillus as an obligat chemoautotroph able to oxidize reduced anorganic sulphur compounds. There are given the following topics: physiology of the genus (nutritional requirements, enzymatic complexes for sulphur oxidation, energy generation, reductive CO2 assimilation and growing in presence of organic compounds).The ecological significance of Thiobacilli in the sulphur cycle in Nature is presented. The industrial applications of Thiobacilli in respect to the leaching processes that allow the recovery of metals through oxidation and solubilization from low-grade ores are discussed, with special reference to copper and uranium. A critical revision is done of acid mine drainage impact on the environment, and the use of adequate countermeasures is stressed.
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  • 46
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    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 133-142 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: By the means of the electronic particle counting, characteristics of industrial contrifuges are found out in order to characterize the performance in the case of the separation of cell debris of mechanically disrupted yeast cells. The knowledge about the particle size distribution complements the usual determination of the dry matter content in the supernatant. Thus an optimization of the separation of tiny particles is facilitated.
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  • 47
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    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 125-131 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Fermentation kinetic, thermokinetic and morphological investigations of biological carbonsource conversions into microbial biomass and other reaction products can be used for improving the efficiency of biotechnical processes. In this way biorhythmic processes on a macrosocopic scale could be found in transitional stages of microorganism cultivation. These biorhythmic processes can be explained by the occurence of different cell states in the cell cycle. In order to characterize these cell states synchronized microorganism growth was investigated with the aid of the phased culture method. Two states could be observed in the case of yeast growth: the single cell state and the budding cell state. The duration and efficiency of the single cell state is dependent on the growth limitation and the carbon substrate feeding.Thus the reduction of carbon substrate feeding in states of synchronized populations which are characterized by a high percentage of single cells and by energy metabolite production which, in turn, is influenced by carbon substrate concentration can cause increased material and energetic efficiencies of biological carbon-source conversions.
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  • 48
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    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 261-268 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In all bacteria growing on methane or methanol the methanol is oxidised by way of methanol dehydrogenase. This unusual quinoprotein interacts with the electron transport chain at the level of cytochrome c. All methylotrophs having methanol dehydrogenase contain 2 different types of soluble cytochrome c. One of these, but not the other, reacts with methanol dehydrogenase; no intermediate electron carrier is required for this reaction. The P/O ratio for methanol oxidation is 1 although the midpoint redox potential of the methanol/formaldehyde couple suggests that a higher ATP yield might be theoretically possible. Curves are presented that allow the prediction of cell yields, and the effects of altering the system for methanol oxidation, on these cell yields.
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  • 49
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    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 187-190 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
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  • 50
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    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983) 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
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  • 51
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    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 217-220 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Activity of DAP-decarboxylase in lysine overproducing strains of Micrococcus luteus, M. varians and Arthrobacter globiformisLb reached the highest level during the end of the exponetial phase of growth and remained at the same high level during the stationary phase of growth when major bulk of lysine was accumulated. In comparison in a lysine non-producing strain of Arthrobacter globiformis I 4 the activity of the same enzyme was low. DAP-decarboxylase of these three lysine overproducers has two specialities, persistence during the stationary phase and insensivity to repression by exogenous lysine.
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  • 52
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    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 226-226 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
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  • 53
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    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 54
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    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The mechanism and the kinetic of the assimilation of mixed substrates during the organism growth and the product excretion by strain of Saccharomycopsis lipolytica have been studied. The assimilation of citric acid for the organism growth was prevented when glucose and/or n-paraffins are present as substrates. Citric acid concentrations higher than 30 g/l in the fermentation medium decrease the growth rate on the substrate glucose. Kinetic studies of the mixed substrate assimilation by means of a n-tetradecane-1-614C-labelled paraffin fraction proved that in discontinuous as well as in continuous 1-stage-processes for microbial production of citric acid glucose as substrate is only used for the organism growth whereas the n-paraffin fraction is only used for the acid excretion.
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  • 55
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    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 185-186 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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  • 56
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    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 191-191 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
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  • 57
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    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 195-216 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A new approach for the investigations of biotechnical processes is presented in this article on the basis of an integrating strategy, incorporating a joint analysis of biological and engineering aspects. Thereby, the experimental work can be carried out on the macroscopic level, taking into account the behavior of bioprocesses from measurements in the liquid phase. Mathematical modeling uses the concept of analogies instead of speculative mechanisms. A predictive character of these “formalkinetics” supplementary to the descriptive nature is achieved with the aid of deductive research methodology. This general theoretical concept is illustrated in the special case of modeling the diauxic growth of yeast. Formalkinetics based on analogies are shown to be not only able to be successfully applied to elucidate bioprocessing but also to form a more realistic and simple approach than pure mechanistic investigations needed for the realization of bioprocessing in technical scale.
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  • 58
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    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 59
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    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Cytochrome P-450 is found in soluble as well as in particulate fractions of n-alkane-induced cells of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus EB 104 as shown by differential centrifugation and; gelfiltration experiments. It is reduced by NADH in the presence of at least two soluble proteins. Particulate cytochrome P-450 was extracted by Triton X-100 and purified to homogeneity. The 80 fold enrichment resulted in a content of 19.0 nmol cytochrome P-450/mg protein. The maxima of the absolute spectra are 417 nm for the oxidized, 408 nm for the reduced and 448 nm for the CO complex of reduced cytochrome. A ferredoxin, identified by maxima of 415 and 460 nm in the absorption spectrum of the oxidized form and by the occurrence of acid-labile sulfur, as well as a corresponding NADH-dependent ferredoxin reductase were isolated independently from the same bacterial strain. Enzymatic reduction of purified cytochrome P-450 is mediated by these proteins, which are discussed as in vivo components of the cytochrome P-450 system of A. calcoaceticus EB 104.
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  • 60
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    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 338-338 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
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  • 61
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    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 345-350 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The mass production of SCP on the base of hydrocarbons opens the possibility to get a complex of further substances. It is distinguished between by-products - belonging to essential nonprotein - structures of the growing cell and the so - called coupled products accumulating intra - or extracellularly by means of regulation. An important principle of SCP-coupled synthesis of products is the use and the maintenance of proportionality between the growth rate and cell concentration of the producing cells and the accumulation of products. As examples are discussed: fermentation by yeasts and bacteria on the base of n-alkanes, methane and methanol in connection with products as fatty acids, poly-β-hydroxybutyric acid, citric and gluconic acid.
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  • 62
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    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 251-260 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Enzymology of n-alkane degradation was studied by using different Acinetobactersp¨ Cell-free extracts of A. calcoaceticus69/V oxidize the n-alkane to the corresponding fatty acid via the intermediately formed n-alkanol Soluble and particulate components are necessary for activity. Independently, a rubredoxin and a NADH-dependent rubredoxin reductase were isolated from this strain. Rubredoxin is induced by n-alkanes. The occurence of a cytochrome P-450 was observed only in other strains of Acinetobacter.A. calcoaceticus69/V contains a particulate pyridine nucleotide-independent and a soluble NADP-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase; the particulate aldehyde dehydrogenase is also NADP-dependent. The particulate dehydrogenases are inducible.The results concerning the regulation of enzymes of the citrate and glyoxylate cycle as well as of the malic enzyme indicate that the corresponding fatty acids formed from the alkanes are metabolized via β-oxidation.
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  • 63
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  • 64
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    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 357-362 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The ions of Cu2+, Zn2+ and Mn2+ affect significantly the macromolecular composition of yeast Candida uiilis M 72. Crude protein and nucleic acid content increase and carbohydrate content decreases with rising intracellular ion concentration. Lipid fraction is influenced by metallic ions only little.The correlation between intracellular ion concentration and cell composition of macromolecules can be described by simple equations.
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  • 65
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    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983) 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
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  • 66
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    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 3-12 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Asia is rich in resources which can contribute widely to food processing and production over the next 207-50 years as world population reaches 6 billion. The world needs low cost methods of providing nutritious proteinrich meat analogues for its thousands of millions of consumers. The Indonesian tempe fermentation will serve as a model. A bacterium present in commercial tempe can be used to add vitamin B-12 to other vegetarian foods. Fuel requirements for cooking can be decreased by applying a fungal fermentation of the tempe/ontjom type to legume substrates. The world needs high quality meat-flavors derived from vegetable protein. The soy sauce (kecap)/miso (tauco) processes and the fish/shrimp sauce and paste processes can be modified to yield a wide variety of meat-like flavors for use in formulating new foods. The protein content of high starch substrates can be increased by applying the Indonesian tape fermentation. Leavened sour-dough bread-like products can be produced without the use of wheat or ryeflours using the Indian idli/dosai fermentation. Coconut protein, if extracted without denaturing, can serve as a valuable base for a new type of puddings and related foods. Finally Asia is an almost endless source of cultures of edible microorganisms that, with further study of their synthetic abilities, particularly regarding amino acids and vitamins, could lead to new industries.
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  • 67
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    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 65-72 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The ability of Aspergillus nidulans (EIDAM) WINT to grow and sporulate at various temperatures and to degrade soluble and insoluble forms of cellulose were studied. A. nidulans was found to grow and sporulate best at 37°C in continuous light and alternating light-darkness respectively. The fungus was able to cause losses in the dry weights of filter papers on incubation and made appreciable growth on CMC and hemicellulose. The culture filtrates contained cellulases which hydrolysed filter papers and CMC to reducing sugars, and were only able to produce these enzymes in the presence of cellulose or its derivatives in the growth medium. The CM-cellulases had peak activity at pH 5.2 and at 50°C while optimal FP-activity occurred at a pH of 5.5 and at 45°C. The participatory role of A. nidulans in composting is discussed.
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  • 68
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    Acta Biotechnologica 3 (1983), S. 73-75 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper examines the microbial denitrification of a medium containing acetate as C-source and of an industrial effluent containing volatile fatty acids as main components a ndphenolics as minor components.Values for m and Ymax are represented. It has been concluded that the maintenance coefficient comprises also those processes not involved in the maintenance metabolism of the cells.The least fraction of the rate of substrate utilization of this extended maintenance metabolism has been expressed by m · 100/qmax. From the values of Ymax a P/2e-ratio 〈 1 and the equation of cell synthesis have been evaluated.
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  • 69
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A schematic representation of the variety of products which can be obtained by microbial conversion of cellulose is presented.Alkaline pre-treatment has been used after milling in all the experiments. Solka-floc or sugarcane bagasse was used as sources of cellulose. A cellulolytic strain of Aspergillus terreus (ATCC 30514) was cultivated in batch-, fed batch and continuous culture up to 7 liter stirred tank fermenter. The general growth characteristics were determined by growing on glucose. Results of experiments on the growth of A. terreus for production of biomass on Solka-floc or Sugarcane bagasse are given, also the ability of crude cellulases to produce sugar syrups by enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose has been evaluated.
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  • 70
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    Acta Biotechnologica 1 (1981), S. 207-246 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 71
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Examination show how far the stirred tank fermenter meets the requirements of multi-phase systems under conditions of microbiological protein synthesis. 1The homogeneity attained by mixing of 4-phase-fermentation medium will be influenced by different amounts of material flow of the correspondent process conditions.2Limitation of nitrogen and solved nutrient - and trace salts in culture liquid by unsatisfactorily mixing can be excluded. The solute-oxygen concentration and homogeneous distribution of solute-oxygen in the culture liquid are influencing the economy of fermentation.3The homogeneity concerning petroleum distillate-, biomass-and air distribution highly depends from biomass content of the fermentation medium.
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  • 72
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    Acta Biotechnologica 1 (1981), S. 279-284 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Lipids were extracted from the cells of Lodderomyces elongisporus EH 15 grown on gas oil (Bp. 240 to 360 °C) with benzine/alcohol (80:20). The lipid-hydrocarbon-fraction obtained by this extraction method was 18.5%. It was composed of hydrocarbons, phospholipids, fatty acids, glycerides, sterols, ubiquinones, and vitamines. The main components among the lipids were phospholipids. The compositions of phospholipid, fatty acid, sterol, and ubiquinone fractions were analysed.
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  • 73
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  • 74
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A brief review of the most important properties and fields of application of microbial proteinases are presented. Special possibilities of an industrial utilization of these enzymes are discussed: in the photographic industry for the production and degradation of gelatin as well as for silverless photography, in the food industry for the improvement of the functional properties of proteins as well as for increasing their nutritive value, in organic synthesis for the production of peptides, and in sewage treatment plants for the stabilization of sludge.
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  • 75
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The influence of the carbon substrates glucose and methanol on enzyme activities of the yeast Candida methylica was investigated by substrate-shift experiments in discontinuous cultivation. Growth on glucose results in a repression of the enzymes necessary for methanol utilization. After depletion of glucose or addition of methanol these enzymes are derepressed or induced, respectively. Changes in the activity of enzymes of the intermediary metabolism turn out differently both in intensity and direction as a result of substrate-shifts. The results suggest a basic change in the metabolism by growing Candida methylica in glucose or methanol.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 76
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    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 1 (1981), S. 191-195 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract in Russian.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 77
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    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 1 (1981), S. 201-204 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 78
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 79
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Coordinated regulation of carbon and energetic metabolism enzymes is characteristic of lysine producing strains of Brevibacterium flavum. ATP is the regulating effector and changes in the stationary ATP-concentration in cells cause certain alternations of enzyme activities in the basic metabolism pathways. The goal of the experiments was the use of the biochemical regulations of methabolism in order to increase the productivity of lysine biosynthesis.Following results were received: Activation of TCA-cycle enzymes is compulsory for intensive lysine biosynthesis.The most essential of several parallel electron transport pathways in the ETC of Br. flavum is the NADH dependent, cyanid resistant, hydroxamate sensitive oxydation pathway.Calculations have shown, that the most economical variant is the synthesis of oxalacetate (precursor of lysine) by PEP carboxylation. Therefore strains with elevated PEP-carboxylase activity synthesize lysine in a more economical way.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 80
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    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 1 (1981), S. 391-392 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: No Abstrct.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 81
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    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 1 (1981), S. 131-137 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The propagation of the virulent phage M 1 of the obligate methylotrophic bacteria strain GB 4 is inhibited by n-alkanes. The addition of hydrocarbons (7.5-22.5%) to a suspension of free phages or to a phage-host-mixture prevents the propagation of the phages, but does not influence the growth rate of the host bacteria. In a laboratory fermentor a simulated strong infection (multiplicity = 0.1) of the strain GB 4 with its phage M 1 could be suppressed by the application of 20% of a technical hydrocarbon mixture (Parex I).The inhibitory effect of the hydrocarbons can be traced back to inspecific hydrocarbon-protein-interactions at the surface of the phage and the host cells and therewith to an influencing of the adsorption.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 82
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    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 1 (1981), S. 139-143 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The influence of microorganisms growing on the walls of laboratory fermenters was investigated and a model to describe of microbial lysis and the formation of growth inhibitory products in a continuous fermentation process was developed.The predictions were compared with results from an earlier model for growth of microorganisms on surfaces.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 83
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    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 1 (1981), S. 296-299 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An automatic eightfold-pipetter has been developed with the same basic unit as the diluter of the Autoselect-system. The pipetter is fitted with eight pipettes on a bridge over the basic unit. By means of the pipettes a volume of 0.05 ml from eight tubes is exhauseted and delivered in the holes of a test plate. Both the test plate and a cassette with 64 tubes are located on a moving carriage. the test plate on the first floor and the cassette on the ground floor. If the pipettes transfer the samples from the tubes to the holes the distance between the pipettes must be changed by a special device from 20 to 30 mm, because the distance between the holes on the test plate differs from that of the tubes.For the transfer of 64 samples 2 minutes only are needed.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 84
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    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 1 (1981), S. 304-307 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 85
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 1 (1981) 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 86
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    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 1 (1981), S. 326-326 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 87
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    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 1 (1981), S. 338-338 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 88
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    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 1 (1981), S. 339-350 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Microbial cells were gel-entrapped with photo-crosslinkable resin prepolymers or urethane prepolymers, respectively. The resulting gels have different tailor-made hydrophobic or hydrophilic character. They were used for successful bioconversion of hydrophobic steroids and terpenoids in watersaturated mixtures of organic solvents. The experiments show the influence of the hydrophobicity of the gels and the polarity of the solvent mixtures, respectively. Use of hydrophobic gels and less polar solvents is preferable for bioconversion of hydrophobic compounds. The selective formation of a desired product among diverse products from a single substrate by appropriate use of hydrophobic or hydrophilic gels is possible. In each case, tests should be made to select the appropriate gel and solvent mixture. Bioconversions tested are: dehydroepiandrosterone to 4-androstene-3,17-dione; cholesterol to cholestenone; β-sitosterol to β-sitostenone; stigmasterol to stigmastenone; pregnenolone to progesterone; testosterone to Δ1-dehydrotestosterone or 4-androstene-3,17-dione, respectively; all with immobilized cells of Nocardia rhodocrous; and stereoselective hydrolysis of dl-menthyl-succinate to yield l-menthol with immobilized cells of Rhodotorula minuta var. texensis.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 89
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    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 1 (1981), S. 300-303 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An eightfold punch belonging to the Aùtoselect-system is described. It is provided for the preparation of bioassay plates. From the agar of large quadratic test plates moving automatically on a carriage of the machine, 64 holes are made by eight punches. The punches arranged in a row over the test plate are lowered, if the carriage stops, and so they cut out and exhaust agar discs in a pattern of 8 × 8.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 90
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: No Abstarct.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 91
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    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 1 (1981), S. 311-325 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Starting with the definition of the process term kLa, steady state and nonsteady state measuring methods are described for its determination. Then the sorption characteristics for mixing vessels and for bubble columns are presented with respect to the coalescence behaviour of the system treated. They permit the scale-up of these devices and the optimization of their process parameters for a required oxygen uptake. In addition to the sorption characteristics for the given system the knowledge of the flooding point and the power characteristics is necessary for the lay-out of mixing vessels, whereas in the case of bubble columns the gas hold-up characteristic needs to be known.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 92
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    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 1 (1981) 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 93
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    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 1 (1981), S. 3-8 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Auf der Basis der Flotationstheorie der festen Partikel wurde in der Submerskultur der Mechanismus des direkten Sauerstoffübergangs in die Zelle unter den Bedingungen gegenseitiger Beeinflussung des Mikroorganismus mit der gasförmigen und der flüssigen Phase quantifiziert.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 94
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    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 1 (1981), S. 17-29 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Aus Fermentationen mit Bacillus subtilis, die zum Zwecke der Synthese extrazellulä rer Enzyme angesetzt wurden, konnten verschiedentlich Bakteriophagen isoliert werden. Die auf Grund der Wirtsbereiche differierenden Einzelplaqueisolate wurden elektronenmikroskopisch untersucht. Die Partikel waren sehr verschieden in der Größe und in der morphologischen Struktur. Sie gehörten damit verschiedenen Gruppen von Bacillus-Phagen an, die durch die Standardphagen SPO1, Ø29 und PBS1 reprä sentiert werden. Außerdem wurde ein Phage mit einem oktaedrischen Kopf gefunden. Aus einem enzymbildenden Bacillus-Stamm konnten nach Infektion mit dem PBS1-ä hnlichen Phagen PZ-F Ghosts mit oktaedrischen Köpfen sowie nach Induktion mit Mitomycin C komplette und defektive Phagen freigesetzt werden.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
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  • 95
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    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 1 (1981), S. 9-15 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The capability of the yeast Lodderomyces elongisporus to utilize solved paraffins in fermentation brothes could be demonstrated. The growth rate of this microorganism in the case of utilization of solved paraffins is higher as the most known dates.The saturated concentrations of solved hydrocarbons in the fermentation brothes are higher as in real solvent systems.The part of the solved hydrocarbon is a function of the power input, the diameter of oil drops, the fermentation conditions and the length of the paraffin chain.The organism growth rate depends on the solved paraffin concentration in the fermentation broth. This fact is one of the reasons for the variability of the consumption coefficients by utilization of paraffins with different chain lenghts.The results confirm the assumption that the transport of the paraffins from the oil drops to the cells takes place over water soluble phase.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 96
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    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 1 (1981), S. 31-40 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Die Xylanaseproduktion durch Streptomyces xylophagus nov. sp. wurde im Schü ttelkolben und in einem 14-Liter-Laborfermentor in diskontinuierlicher und in kontinuierlicher Kultur untersucht. Die maximale Enzymausbeute wurde auf 1%igem handelsü blichen Xylanmedium bei 30°C durch 7,5%ige ü berimpfung einer 5 Tage alten Xylankultur erreicht, wobei dem Medium im Schü ttelkolben 0,8% und dem Submersfermentor 0,3% Bactopepton zugestzt wurden. Die maximale Xylanaseproduktion wurde bei pH 7,4 erreicht. Eine Hitzbehandlung bis zu 200°C wirkte sich nicht hemmend auf die Xylanaseproduktion aus.Die Gleichgewichtsparameter fü r die Zellmasse, lösliches Protein und die Xylanaseaktivitä t wurden in Abhä ngigkeit der Verdü nnungsraten von 0,02 bis 0,04 h+1 bestimmt, wobei Xylan (wood gum xylan) als Kohlenstoffquelle diente. Die maximale Enzymaktivitä t und Produktivitä t von 7,2 X.U. (1 xylanase unit, X.U. ≙ 1 mg reduzierter Zucker, der aus 1 ml Enzym in 15 Minuten bei 50°C gebildet wird) und 0,194 X.U./h wurden bei einer Verdü nnungsrate von 0,027 h+1 beobachtet.Die maximale Zellkonzentration und Produktivitä t von 7,2 g/l und 0,245 g/lh wurden bei einer Verdü nnungsrate von 0,34 h+1 beobachtet.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 97
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    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 1 (1981), S. 41-47 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Die bei der Herstellung von OYOKPO, einem in der Bendel-Region von Nigeria traditionell auf Hirse-Basis gewonnenem Bier, wirkenden Mikroorganismen wurden untersucht.Die Ergebnisse zeigen zwei Phasen der Einwirkung unterschiedlicher Mikroorganismen.Fü r die saccharolytischen Aktivitä ten beim Mä lzprozeβ sind die aus den gelagerten Hirsekörnern stammenden Mikroorganismen (im Zusammenwirken mit der pflanzlichen Amylase des Hirsemalzes) verantwortlich. Sie werden wahrscheinlich beim Erhitzungsprozeß abgetötet.Die im fermentierten Produkt gefundenen Mikroorganismen stammen aus der fü r die Fermentation eingesetzten Starterkultur; sie vergä ren die niederen Zucker zu Alkohol.Schimmelpilze treten nach der Fermentation nicht mehr auf; Hefen sind wä hrend des Mä lzprozesses nicht zu finden mit Ausnahme von Saccharomyces cervisiae, sie erscheinen jedoch wä hrend der Fermentation. Veschiedene Bakterienarten sind in allen Stadien anzutreffen, so beim Mä lzen, Maischen und bei der Reifung. (Acetobacter wurde bis zu Beginn der Reifung nicht nachgewiesen.) Der pH-Wert sinkt von Beginn der Fermentation (5,2) bis zum Ende auf 3,8. Der am Ende erhaltene Sä urewert entspricht 0,43% (als Essigsä ure titriert).
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 98
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    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 1 (1981), S. 49-56 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Auf der Grundlage von hydrodynamischen und reaktionstechnischen Voraussetzungen wird ein dreiphasiges Stoffsystem mit mikrobieller Reaktion auf quasi-homogene Modelle zurü ckgefü hrt. Mit Hilfe der Michaelis-Menten-Kinetik werden Geschwindigkeitsgleichungen fü r die auto katalytische Reaktion des wachstumsverbundenen Substratabbaues hergeleitet, die sich bis auf die Monod-Kinetik zurü hren lassen. Es wird bewiesen, daß die Geschwindigkeitsgleichungen der mikrobiellen Katalyse denen der heterogenen Gaskatalyse analog sind.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 99
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    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 1 (1981), S. 57-65 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Growth of Methanosarcina barkeri on methanol as energy source was found to be dependent on cobalt and molybdenum. In the presence of 10-6 M Co and 5 × 10-7M Mo optimal growth occurred. Furthermore it could be demonstrated that nickel and selenium each in a concentration of 10-7 M stimulated the growth of this methanogenic bacterium while the following elements tested in the range of 10-7 M to 10-3 had no influence: B, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb. The requirement of Co and Ni for optimal growth are in accordance with the results that the cells contain the Co containing corrinoid Factor III (0.1 - 0.2 mg 5-hydroxylbenzimidazolylcyanocobamide per g wet cells) and Factor F430, a nickel component. Studies on the vitamin dependency of M. barkeri showed that this strain needs only the vitamin riboflavin for the growth in a defined medium. Under these conditions a cell density of 2.6 g dry cells/l could be obtained in a fed batch culture.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 100
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    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 1 (1981), S. 67-72 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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