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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (147)
  • 1985-1989  (147)
  • 1945-1949
  • 1988  (147)
  • Genetics  (147)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lithium attenuates clonidine-induced hypoactivity: further studies in inbred mouse strains (1988)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 94 (1988), S. 428-430 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Lithium ; Clonidine ; alpha2-Adrenoceptor ; Locomotor activity ; Genetics ; Mice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Four strains of mice (C57, BALB, DBA, C3H) were used to determine whether genetic factors influence the effects of lithium on hypoactivity induced by a low dose of the alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine (0.2 mg/kg). Lithium was administered in the diet for 3–4 weeks at a dosage that produced average serum lithium levels of 0.58–0.66 mmol/l. Locomotor activity was reduced by either clonidine or by lithium given alone. When combined, however, lithium attenuated the activity-suppressant effects of clonidine, and that action was influenced by genetic factors. The findings suggest that genetic differences in alpha2-adrenoceptors play a role in behavioural effects of lithium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00174702
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic control of maternal haploidy in maize (Zea mays L.) and selection of haploid inducing lines (1988)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 76 (1988), S. 405-410 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Zea mays ; Haploid induction ; Gynogenesis ; Genetics ; Inducer line
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The effect of genotype on maternal haploid plant production in maize was studied. The frequency of gynogenetic plants when “Stock 6” was used as pollinator varied according to the female parent genotype. No simple relation was observed between genotypic aptitudes for gynogenetic and androgenetic development, which occured after pollination of “W23” plant carrying the “indeterminate gametophyte” gene. Furthermore, the population NS, a favorably responsive genotype to anther culture, does not exhibit exceptional ability for in vivo gynogenesis. The effect of inbreeding and the influence of maternal haploid origin suggest that specific genes control maternal haploid initiation and development. However, gynogenetic development is not limited to a particular genotype. The frequency of maternal haploids may be increased by using specific pollen parents. Attempts were made to select for a high haploidyinducing trait and the present study reports the successful development of lines that can be utilized as pollen parents to induce haploids for experimental purposes and breeding programmes. When an inbred line “WS14”, derived from the cross W23 x Stock 6, was used as pollen parent, 2%–5% maternal haploids were obtained according to the female parent genotype. A high haploidy-inducing potential is a heritable trait and may be controlled by a limited number of genes. Genetic determination of the haploidy-inducing character was examined in relation to the efficiency of the selecting method and the mechanisms involved in the origin of maternal haploids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00265341
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Renal lesions in Cockayne syndrome (1988)
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 2 (1988), S. 239-243 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Keywords: Cockayne syndrome ; Renal histology ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two siblings with typical features of the Cockayne syndrome were studied at autopsy. Many glomeruli revealed a paucity of capillary loops and had thickened capillary walls. Some glomeruli with advanced lesions showed collapse of the glomerular tufts or complete hyalinization. Atrophy of tubules and interstitial fibrosis were also observed. There were no significant arteriosclerotic changes in the vessels. Ultrastructural studies demonstrated thickened glomerular basement membranes with bends and folds. These histopathological findings are different to those previously reported with the exception of the 1966 report by Ohno and Hirooka.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00862599
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Non-responsiveness to hepatitis-B vaccination: Revaccination and immunogenetic typing (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 66 (1988), S. 670-674 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Genetics ; Hepatitis-B virus ; Immunogenetics ; Vaccination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The variation in immune responses to standard inoculation of the hepatitis-B virus vaccine suggest that host factors influence response in ways that are not presently understood. We studied 25 low/nonresponding health care workers (anti-HBs titer 〈50 IU/l) after the third inoculation of an experimental hepatitis-B vaccine to determine their immune status (through lymphocyte phenotypes) and HLA type. After application of a fourth inoculation, the seroconverting subjects showed only low anti-HBs levels; three male subjects remained anti-HBs negative. Twelve months after the fourth inoculation only 9 of 25 subjects (36%) maintained anti-HBs titer 〉10 IU/l. Almost all subjects had normal B-cell and CD-4 and CD-8 counts and ratios. Relative to other European populations HLA-A-10 (P〈0.05), B-12 (P〈0.025), CW-5 (P〈0.05), DR-3 (P〈0.025), and DR-5 (P〈0.025) were increased, whereas DR-2 (P〈0.05) was decreased. However, after correction of theP-values for the number of HLA antigens determined, these differences were no longer significant. Furthermore, these HLA types were not the same as those reported in other studies (except for DR-3). We suggest that larger sample sizes or even not yet available immunogenetic markers will be required to prove an “immunogenetic background” in low/nonresponders, if it exists.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01726924
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The locus ceruleus: a possible neural focus for genetic differences in emotionality (1988)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 44 (1988), S. 491-495 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Genetics ; stress ; emotionality ; locus ceruleus ; Maudsley strains
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The Maudsley Reactive and Non-Reactive strains have been developed as a model for the study of individual variations in stress-reactivity, and many differences in biobehavioral systems have been found between them. This review discusses limitations of the ‘emotionality’ construct in accounting for differences between the Maudsley strains and offers an alternative, theoretical approach. Amaral and Sinnamon have proposed that the locus ceruleus (LC) plays a stress-attenuating role in mediating behavioral, physiological and neuroendocrine response to prepotent, emergency-provoking stimuli and, building upon this formulation, it is proposed that the LC has been an important focus for gene action in the Maudsley model. It is suggested that the LC of the Non-Reactive strain is more strongly activated by stressful stimuli than the LC of Reactive rats, and is the basis of many of the behavioral and physiological differences between them. Behavioral and biochemical evidence consistent with this proposition is reviewed. Identification of the LC as a target for gene-action in the Maudsley model has an important advantage. It substitutes variations at a specific anatomic location in the brain for a loosely defined construct like emotionality, and the hypothesis is amenable to empirical tests by a variety of experimental approaches.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01958923
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiple Pterygium Syndrome type Escobar in two brothers Follow-up data from childhood to adulthood (1988)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 147 (1988), S. 550-552 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Pterygium syndrome ; Congenital malformations ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We present two brothers with Multiple Pterygium Syndrome type Escobar. Characteristic findings in this autosomal recessively inherited pterygium syndrome are, in addition to multiple pterygia, short stature, cleft palate, vertebral fusion defects and minor facial anomalies. The adult height in the two male siblings was below the third centile. Secondary sexual development and testicular size were normal, in contrast with the cryptorchidism and pubertal delay documented in most young patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00441989
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Linkage analysis of the human insulin receptor gene in Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic families and a family with maturity onset diabetes of the young (1988)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 31 (1988), S. 792-797 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Genetics ; Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes ; insulin receptor ; linkage analysis ; maturity onset diabetes of the young
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The possibility of linkage between the human insulin receptor gene locus and diabetes was examined in three Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic families and one family with maturity onset diabetes of the young. Insulin receptor gene haplotypes were established using BglII, Rsal and Sstl restriction enzyme digests of genomic DNA from all available family members. The digested DNA was subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis, Southern blotted, and hybridised to 32P-labelled human insulin receptor gene cDNA. In the pedigree with maturity onset diabetes of the young, formal linkage analysis allowed exclusion of close linkage between the insulin receptor locus and diabetes (logarithm of the odds for linkage versus non-linkage was −5.35 at recombination fraction of 0.01). This confirms the absence of linkage between insulin receptor and diabetes which has been reported in two similar pedigrees. In the three Type 2 diabetic families there were a minimum of 4 recombinants between the insulin receptor locus and diabetes, which makes a direct role for insulin receptor defects unlikely. The importance of using realistic estimates of penetrance when performing linkage analysis in a disease with a late age of onset is emphasised. In contrast to the one previous linkage analysis study of the insulin receptor gene, no specific association of diabetes with the rare Sstl Sl(-) allele was observed in either the maturity onset diabetes of the young or the Type 2 diabetic families.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00277479
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus new genetics for old nightmares (1988)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 31 (1988), S. 407-414 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Genetics ; Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes ; linkage analysis ; restriction fragment length polymorphism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the last five years, genetic markers for a large number of diseases have been localised using linkage analysis of DNA polymorphisms in affected families. The site of the genetic defect or defects leading to Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, a common illness with a major genetic component, remains unknown. This is due, at least in part, to the lack of large well-defined Type 2 diabetic pedigrees suitable for linkage analysis. There are several features of the disease which make large pedigrees difficult to find. The late age of onset of most probands means that informative older generations are often dead, while there is difficulty in detecting disease in younger generations. The diagnostic criteria for diabetes are, as yet, dependent on an arbitrary cut-off along a continuum of plasma glucose. The high prevalence of the disease may also produce problems as, in any given family, diabetogenic genes may be contributed by more than one parent. Varieties of the disease with a well-defined inheritance, such as maturity onset diabetes of youth, are more suitable for linkage analysis but might be due to defects at a different gene locus. Despite these difficulties, once large well-defined pedigrees have been found, linkage analysis using both candidate genes and random highly polymorphic markers is the strategy most likely to find genetic markers for the disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00271584
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biochemical correlates of selection for weight-for-age in chickens: twenty-fold higher muscle ornithine decarboxylase levels in modern broilers (1988)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 75 (1988), S. 432-437 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Ornithine decarboxylase ; Chicken ; Muscle ; Genetics ; Growth differences
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Little is known about the biochemical correlates of selection for growth in farm or laboratory animals, or the identity of the gene products affected or produced by ‘trait-genes’. Modern broiler chickens have about 8-fold greater breast muscle mass than layer chickens at 7 weeks of age and over 2-fold greater breast muscle mass than their 1972 counterparts. This increase in muscle mass is associated with over 20-fold higher levels of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) in broiler chickens at 1 week of age as compared with layer strain chickens; there is a comparable increase in a relaxed-selection strain of broilers. The increase in ODC levels is larger than the differences in muscle or body weight between broilers and layers at 7 weeks of age, occurs at an age when there is no difference in weights between the strains and precedes the major growth spurt. Increases in ODC levels and hence polyamine synthesis have been associated with, and usually precede, rapid growth and cell proliferation in a wide range of cell types and organisms in response to many different stimuli. Therefore, the correlation of ODC levels with genetic differences in muscle growth make it worth investigating the control of ODC gene expression in these strains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00276746
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Restriction fragment length polymorphisms as genetic markers in soybean, Glycine max (L.) merrill (1988)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 75 (1988), S. 889-901 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Soybean ; Restriction fragment length polymorphism ; Genetics ; Allele ; Variation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLP) have been identified between widely distant cultivars (‘Minsoy’ and ‘Noir 1 ’) of soybean Glycine max (L.) Merrill. Using as probes randomly chosen clones of DNA, one in five probes revealed a polymorphism. More than half of these polymorphisms appear to result from rearrangements of the genomic DNA. Twenty seven markers were analyzed for linkage in F2 plants. Eleven of these markers were contained in four linkage groups. Five cultivars were compared in a search for new alleles. When RFLP markers corresponding to low copy DNA were used to analyze three other cultivars — ‘Sooty’, ‘Forrest’ and ‘Mandarin (Ottawa)’ — few new alleles were found. Using these probes, five different markers could be used to differentiate the five cultivars. Complex probes, which correspond to repeated DNA, revealed different polymorphisms in different cultivars and a single such probe could be used to distinguish the five cultivars from each other.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00258050
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contributions of taste factors and gender to opioid preference in C57BL and DBA mice (1988)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 95 (1988), S. 237-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Morphine ; Etonitazene ; Genetics ; Mice ; Taste ; Saccharine ; Gender
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract C57BL/6J and DBA/2J mouse strains have been characterized as morphine preferrers and avoiders, respectively (Horowitz et al. 1977). Previously, sweetened morphine solutions were presented with a water alternative, primarily with male subjects. Because sweetness may affect the endogenous opioid system and rodents have shown strain and sex differences in taste preferences, this study looked for strain- and gender-related taste preferences that might have affected opiate consumption. Preference for sweetened and unsweetened morphine and etonitazene was compared across gender and strain. In all choice tests, the control was a similar tasting quinine sulphate solution. Under these conditions, C57BL/6J mice continued to show strong preference for morphine. However, DBA/2J mice drank approximately equal amounts of morphine and quinine solutions, rather than avoiding morphine as when water was the alternative. Both strains appeared surprisingly indifferent to the synthetic opioid etonitazene, compared because it is potent at concentrations having barely perceptible bitterness. This raises the possibility of unexpected differences in post-ingestional effects between morphine and etonitazene. Contrary to reports of gender differences in sweet preference in rats, none were found in either strain of mouse. Neither were there any significant sex differences in opiate preference in either strain. C57 mice preferred sweetness more than did DBA mice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00174516
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Environmental variables differentially affect ethanol-stimulated activity in selectively bred mouse lines (1988)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 95 (1988), S. 103-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Selective breeding ; Mouse ; Ethanol-stimulated activity ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Low doses of ethanol (EtOH) stimulate activity in an open field in many strains of laboratory mice. We are selectively breeding two lines of mice to exhibit a large (FAST) response on this test, and two other lines to exhibit a small (SLOW) response (Crabbe et al. 1987). The lines initially diverged in response to EtOH, but despite continued selection pressure, the difference between each pair of FAST and SLOW lines has not increased over generations as much as expected. Our practice has been to test animals on the 1st day after saline injection, and repeat the test after EtOH injection 24 h later. Lister (1987) recently demonstrated that the order in which an animal was exposed to EtOH and saline influenced the magnitude of the response to EtOH, with animals tested initially after EtOH having greater stimulation. Middaugh et al. (1987) recently demonstrated that the magnitude of EtOH stimulation was greater under conditions of relatively bright light than under dim light. Using non-selected Swiss mice, the current experiments essentially confirmed Lister's findings. Using FAST and SLOW mice, the predictions of both groups were tested. Both hypotheses were confirmed. Additionally, these experiments demonstrated that the magnitude of the difference between FAST and SLOW mice was greater under bright light than under dim light. The line difference was also greater when tested in the EtOH-Saline order. In experiments with Swiss mice, the possible role of peritoneal irritation in the EtOH effect was eliminated, and the optimal dose and time for demonstrating the effect was determined. These experiments confirm the importance of lighting condition, order of testing, dose, and route of administration in eliciting EtOH-stimulated open field activity in mice. They demonstrate a genotype-environment interaction, since the magnitude of difference between genetically selected lines varied as a function of the testing parameters chosen. Finally, they indicate that the differences between FAST and SLOW lines in sensitivity to EtOH generalizes to several environmental conditions. We interpret this to mean that the various EtOH-induced activation traits represented by these different environmental and testing conditions are genetically correlated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00212776
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Concordant gilles de la tourette's syndrome in monozygotic twins: a clinical, neurophysiological and CT study (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 235 (1988), S. 366-367 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome ; Twin study ; Computed tomography ; Clinical neurophysiology ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A 19-year-old male twin pair were concordant for suffering from Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome in different forms and severity. CT revealed ventricular asymmetries of varying degree within the normal range and there were no neurophysiological abnormalities. The interrelationship of genetic and environmental factors in phenotyping the syndrome is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00314235
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A clinical, epidemiological and genetic study of hereditary motor neuropathies in Benghazi, Libya (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 235 (1988), S. 422-424 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Epidemiology ; Genetics ; Hereditary motor neuropathy ; Spinal muscular atrophy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A 4-year-search for spinal muscular atrophies (hereditary motor neuropathies, HMN) in Benghazi, Libya, yielded a total of 24 patients, among whom 18 were index cases. This group comprised 6 acute infantile, 12 chronic childhood, and 3 each with adult-onset proximal, and distal forms of the disorder. Distal HMN constituted 12.5% of the total cases. The crude average annual incidence of acute infantile HMN was 0.3/100,000 total population and 1/12,500 births in Benghazi. The crude prevalence rates of chronic childhood, adult-onset proximal, and distal types of HMN were 2.3, 0.6, and 0.6/100,000 respectively. The segregation ratios, 0.26 for acute infantile HMN and 0.24 for chronic childhood HMN, suggested autosomal recessive inheritance. The consanguinity rates among parents of cases and the population did not differ significantly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00314486
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human-type ABO blood groups as genetic markers for the management of a squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus) breeding colony (1988)
    Springer
    Primates 29 (1988), S. 287-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-8332
    Keywords: Saimiri ; Human-type ABO blood groups ; Genetics ; Colony management
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The human-type ABO blood groups were determined for 94 families of the squirrel monkey which included 151 animals. Four phenotypes of ABO blood groups (A, B, AB, and O) were detected. Family analysis revealed that the human-type ABO blood groups in this species were governed by three alleles, codominantA andB and silentO. There were intraspecific differences in the distribution of phenotypes and gene frequency among three populations imported by different routes at different times. The usefulness of ABO blood groups for defining the genetic variability of a squirrel monkey breeding colony through successive generations is discussed on the basis of the difference in distribution of ABO blood groups between wild-originated parental and its first colony-born populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02381130
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The within-pair EEG similarity of twins reared apart (1988)
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 237 (1988), S. 244-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: EEG ; Genetics ; MZ/DZ twins reared apart ; Within-pair similarity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Within the broader context of our investigations into the heredity of the human EEG, we analysed the EEGs of 28 pairs of monozygotic and 21 pairs of dizygotic twins who were separated as infants and reared apart. The principal goal of this study was to determine the degree to which environmental factors possibly influence the development of a person's EEG. Monozygotic twins reared apart were, with respect to their EEGs, only slightly less similar to each other (if there is any difference at all) than the same person is to himself over time. For dizygotic twins reared apart, we verified the findings of our previous study, namely, that the average within-pair similarity of EEGs estimated from a sufficiently representative sample of fraternal twins was significantly higher than the average inter-individual similarity of EEGs obtained from unrelated persons. The results on both monozygotic and dizygotic twins, yielded conclusive proof that the individual EEG pattern is predominantly determined by hereditary factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00449914
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variation in kafirin and alcohol-soluble glutelin chromatograms of sorghum inbred lines revealed by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (1988)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 76 (1988), S. 97-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Taxonomy ; Germplasm identification ; Varietal identity ; Environmental interaction ; Genetics ; Multivariate analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Separations of kafirin and alcohol soluble glutelin proteins by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) from 7 inbreds and one hybrid of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] and one source of Johnsongrass [Sorghum halapense (L.) Pers.] were compared. Objectives were to assess the stability of protein profiles for seed sources produced at different locations and in different environments to examine the potential of RP-HPLC to provide genotypic profiles for sorghum. Analyses of variance data showed that levels of variation due to environments and locations were small; the majority of variation (93%) was among genotypes. Associations among inbreds revealed by multivariate and cluster analysis showed similarity with those that would be expected on the basis of pedigree. A chi-square analysis showed no deviation in the hybrid profile from the expected 2∶1 ratio of peaks from the female and male inbred parents, respectively. Improvements in the ability to correctly assign common peaks are necessary before associations among numerous sorghum genotypes can be reliably demonstrated by analysis of data from reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00288838
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic analysis of nitrate reductase deficient mutants of Nicotiana plumbaginifolia: Evidence for six complementation groups among 70 classified molybdenum cofactor deficient mutants (1988)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 213 (1988), S. 206-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Nicotiana plumbaginifolia ; Nitrate reductase ; Genetics ; Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A total of 70 cnx mutants have been characterized from a collection of 211 nitrate reductase deficient (NR-) mutants isolated from mutagenized Nicotiana plumbaginifolia protoplast cultures after chlorate selection and regeneration into plants. They are presumed to be affected in the biosynthesis of the molybdenum cofactor since they are also deficient for xanthine dehydrogenase activity but contain NR apoenzyme. The remaining clones were classified as nia mutants. Sexual crosses performed between cnx mutants allowed them to be classified into six independent complementation groups. Mutants representative of these complementation groups were used for somatic hybridization experiments with the already characterized N. plumbaginifolia mutants NX1, NX24, NX23 and CNX103 belonging to the complementation groups cnxA, B, C and D respectively. On the basis of genetic analysis and somatic hybridization experiments, two new complementation groups, cnxE and F, not previously described in higher plants, were characterized. Unphysiologically high levels of molybdate can restore the NR activity of cnxA mutant seedlings in vivo, but cannot restore NR activity to any mutant from the other cnx complementation groups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00339583
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The methylotrophic yeasts (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 1-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040102
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The 2 μm circle plasmid of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 27-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040104
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proteases and the processing of precursors to secreted proteins in yeast (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 17-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040103
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    Purification of isocitrate lyase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 41-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Isocitrate lyase ; purification ; Catabolite inactivation ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Isocitrate lyase purified to homogeneity from Saccharomyces cerevisiae was composed of four identical subunits with a molecular mass 75 K Da. The enzyme was most active at pH 7.0 in the presence of 5 mM-Mg2+. The Km value for threo-Ds-isocitrate was 1.4 mM. Isocitrate lyase was shown to be thermostable at 50°C for 60 min at a high salt concentration, but rapidly lost activity at -20°C or by dialysis.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040105
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  • 23
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    Calendar (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 83-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040109
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  • 24
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    Electronic Resource
    Expression of env sequences of the bovine leukemia virus (BLV) in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 47-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Bovine leukemia virus ; PH05 ; PGK ; tumor virus ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; viral antigens ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: DNA sequences of the envelop (env) gene of the bovine leukemia virus (BLV) were expressed in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. Two yeast promoters, the responsible PH05 promoter and the constitutive PGK promoter, were used to construct four expression plasmids either a sequence of the surface antigen gp51 or a (gp51 + gp30) sequence.The expressed hetrologous gene products were characterized by Western blot analysis and competitive radio-immunoassay. By means of Northern blot analysis the steady-state level of env-specific mRNA was analysed.The highest expression rate was obtained from recombinant plasmid YEpSG 94 comprising a gp51 sequence - a 630 base pair fragment containing 70% of the gp51 but lacking the N terminus - as well as the PH05 promoter including PH05 signal sequence and the PH05 terminator. The recombinant gp51 was partially lycosylated but the PH05 signal peptide did not seem to be cleaved off. No immunoreactive material could be found in the periplasm or in the culture medium.By means of monoclonal antibodies directed against eight different epitopes of viral gp51, all for sequential antigenic determinants were detected in the AH 216(YEpSG 94) expression product.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040106
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  • 25
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    Changes in robosomal properties during adenylate deprivation in the cells of Kluyveromyces lactis (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 61-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Yeast ; Ribosomes ; Kluyveromyces ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In an adenine-requiring mutant strain of the yeast, Kluyveromyces lactis the intracellular content of ATP is one-third to one-fifth that in a protophic wild strain under growing conditions. The quantitatives difference becomes rather small in resisting stationary-phase cells. Temporary changes in the two-dimensional protein patterns of mutant ribosomes occur when the ATP content during the transition phase of growth. The transfer of exponentially growing cells to a synthetic complete medium void of adenine induces the same changes in mutant ribosomes within several hours. Identification of robosomal proteins by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis indicated all changeable proteins (at least five proteins) to belong to 40S ribosomal subunits. The mutant ribosomes prepared from the transitio-phase cells have much lower activity (below 60%) for poly(U)-directed polyphenylalanine synthesis than those in exponentially growing or resisting stationary-phase cells. Thus, changes in ribosomal components associated with the differences in ribosomes activity in a cell-free system were noted in the adenylate-deprived cells of K. lactix.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040107
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  • 26
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    A nuclear gene required for the expression of the linear DNA-asociated killer system in the yeast Kluyveromyces lactis (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 71-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Kluyveromyces lactis ; killer DNA plasmid ; gene cloning ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The killer system of Kluveromyces lactis is associated with two linear DNA plasmids, pGKL1 and pGKL2. The killer toxin and the immunity determinant are coded for by pGKL1. Mutations which we have named KEX1. The KEX1 gene of K. lactis has been cloned by complementation of kex1 mutations by using a recombinant plasmid pool containing the entire Kluyveromyces lactis genome, on a multicopy plasmid KEp6, which contains the Saccharomyces cerevisiae URA3 gene as a marker. Genetic analyses of strains carrying a distrupted kex1 allele demonstrated that the cloned DNA corresponded to the KEX1 gene. The cloned KEX1 gene of K. lactis has low but significant sequence homology with the KEX2 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In vivo complementation of the kex1 mutations of K. lactis by the KEX2 gene of S. cerevisiae, and complementation of the kex2 mutations of S. Cerevisiae by the KEX1 gene of K. lactis, demonstrated that KEX1 of K. Lactis is functionally related to the KEX2 gene of S. cerevisiae. K. lactis diploids homozygous for kex1 are deficient for sporulation.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040108
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040201
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  • 28
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    Properties of enzymes which reduce dihydroxyacetone and related compounds in hansenula polymorpha CBS 4732 (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 117-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Yeasts ; dihydroxyacetone ; acetoin ; diacetyl ; acetol ; methylglyoxal, acetone ; glycerol ; 1,2-propanediol ; 2,3-butanediol ; dehydrogenase ; reductase ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Hansenula polymorpha CBS 4732 grown on a variety of substrates contained very high activities of enzymes catalyzing the NADH-linked reduction of dihydroxyacetone, acetoin, diacetyl, acetol, methylglyoxal and acetone. The enzymes catalyzing these reductions have been purified and their kinetic properties are described. Three different enzymes were found responsible for the above-mentioned activities, namely: (1) dihydroxyacetone reductase; (2) acetone reductase; and (3) alcohol dehydrogenase.So far, the physiological function of dihydroxyacetone reductase and acetone reductase is obscure. The kinetic properties of dihydroxyacetone reductase and the regulation of the synthesis of this enzyme suggest that it does not function as a glycerol dehydrogenase.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040205
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  • 29
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    Purification and properties of dihydroxyacetone reductase and 2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase from Candida utilis CBS 621 (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 127-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Dihydroxyacetone reductase ; 2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Candida utilis CBS 621 contained four different enzymes capable of reducing carbonyl compounds such as dihydroxyacetone, acetoin, diacetyl, acetol, methylglyoxal and acetone, namely alcohol dehydrogenase, acetone reductase, dihydroxyacetone reductase and 2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase. The dihydroxyacetone reductase of C. utilis did not oxidize glycerol, thus providing evidence that this enzyme cannot function as a glycerol-2-dehydrogenase during growth of the yeast on glycerol. This enzyme may, however, play a role in the assimilation of 2,3-butanediol by C. utilis. The organism also contained a separate 2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase which was unable to reduce dihydroxyacetone. Both dihydroxyacetone reductase and 2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase were present at very high activities during growth of C. utilis on a variety of substrates, including 2,3-butanediol.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040206
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  • 30
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    Polyploid fragile strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae - a novel source of proteins for nutritional purposes (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 219-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Single-cell proteins ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; fragile mutants ; srb1 ; lysis ; polyploids ; protein extracts ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A series of prototrophic fragile strains of different ploidy (2n, 3n and 4n) has been genetically constructed on the basis ofhalopoid srb1 containing segregants of the fragile Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant VY 1160. The strains have been characterized by several criteria. In regard to generation time, biomass yield, and nucleic acids content of the cells, the tetraploid srb1 homozygous hybrid is indistinguishable from an industrial strain of S. cerevisiae. However, it is characterized by a higher protein content. Unlikely any other laboratory or industrial strains, the original mutant and these hybrids possess an ability for lysis upon suspension in hypotonic solutions. The dependence of the percentge of lysed cells on the growth phase and concentration of osmotic stabilizer in the medium has been investigated. The quantity of proteins in the soluble fractions obtained after lysis of these strains by osmotic shock has been determined. These hybrids can be considered as a potential industrial source of potentials for nutritional purposes.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040307
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  • 31
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    Masthead (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040401
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  • 32
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    Substrate specificity of the phosphorylated fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase dephosphorylating protein phosphatase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 227-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Furctose-1 ; 6-biophosphatase ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; specificity of phosphatases ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Enzymatic dephosphorylation of the phosphorylated forms of five different yeast enzymes has been studied: fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, glycogen phosphorylase, neutral trehalase, NAD-glutamate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase. Phosphorylated fructose-1,6-bisphosphatated 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase were present in extracts of starved yeast cells which had been incubated for 10 min with glucose. Phosphorylated glycogen phosphorylase, neutral trehalase and NAD-glutamate dehydrogenase were obtained by incubation of yeast extract with ATP, cycle AMP and Mg2+. After incubation with commercially available preparations of alkaline phosphatase, all five phosphorylated enzymes studied showed the changes in catalytic activity that would be expected as a consequence of dephosphorylation. The recently purified yeast enzyme which dephosphorylates phosphorylated fructose-1,6-bisophosphatase (Horn and Holzer (1987)) however, was found to be active only with the phosphorylated fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, but not with the other four phosphorylated enzymes studied. By contrast, a crude extract from yeast showed dephosphorylating activity towards all five substrates. Substrate specificity with the five phosphorylated enzymes studied of different phosphoprotein phosphatases from yeast prepared by other is discussed.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040308
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  • 33
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    Membrane transport in an osmotically fragile mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 241-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Membrane transport ; fragile muatnt ; H+ extrusion ; spontaneous acidfication ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Transport properties of the osomotically fragile strain VY1160 of saccharomyces cerevisiae were compared with those of the parent S288c strain. Mediated diffusion of 6-deoxy-D-glucose was practically unaffected; membrane-potential dependent transport of D-glucosamine was very much depressed in the fragile strain. The H+ -driven transport of L-lysine and Lproline, as well as that of the hitherto uninvestigated D-glucose-6-phosphate, were also very depressed. 2-Deoxy-D-glucose transport displayed slightly different kinetic parameters. Primary H+ extrusion by the plasma membrane H-ATPase was not diminished althpough the ATP-splitting activity was depressed by about 50%. The overall proton-motive force (pmf) of the fragile mutant at pH 5.5 was only m V while in the parent strain it was 108 m V. In parallel with this, spontaneous acidfication of the external medium to stimulate (a CO2-associated event) was only about 2% of that in the parent strain. The defect in his, together with the inability to stimulate transport protein synthesis by glucose, may account for the generally poorer transport performance of the fragile mutant.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040402
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    The influence of oxygen and organic hydrogen acceotors on glycolytic dioxide production in Brettanomyces anomalus (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 249-255 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Brettanomyces ; custers effect ; glycosis ; organic hydrogen acceptors ; mass spectrometry ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The yeast Brettanomyces anomalus showed the Custers effect in that under strictly anaerobic conditions, in the presence of glucose, CO2 production was negligble. CO2 production was stimulated by mixing anaerobic cell suspensions with an aerated glucose solution in astopped-flow cell. Glycolytic CO2 production continued even after oxygen exhaustion. Studies using an open reaction vessel showed that the rate of glycolytic CO2 production could be increased to a maximum level by exposing the anaerobic cell suspension to brief pulses of O2. A cell suspension CO2 at a maximal rate demonstrated the Pasteur effect on switching the mobile gas to a mixture conatining oxygen (5.05 KPa). In contrast to glycolytic CO2 production in vivo nicotinamide pool responded rapidly to changes in oxygen concentration. The addition of acetaldehyde, acetone, or 3-hydroxy-butan-2-one led to a temprorary production of CO2 at an initial rate depending on the concentration of substance added according to the Michaelis-Menten equation. The maximal rates were equal with all three substances, whereas tha apparent Km values were different. The total amount of CO2 produced was 22-fold greater than the amount of acetaldehyde added. Added organic hydrogen acceptors modulated the intracellular reedox balance of B. anomalus under conditions. These results are discussed in relation to the current hypothesis of the Custers effect.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040403
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  • 35
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    Genetic control of chromosone stability in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 257-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; yeast ; chromosomes ; cell division ; mitosis ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We have identified four new genetic loci: CHL2 (on chromosome XII) CHL3 (on chromosomes XII); CHL4 (on chrosomes IV), and CHL5 (on chromosomes IX), controlling mitotic transmission of yeast chromosomes. The frequency of loss of chromosomes is 10-100-fold in chl5, chl2, chl3 and chl4 mutants than observed in wild-type strains. The mutants also unstable maintenance of artifcial circular minichromosomes with various chromosomal replicators (ARS) and one of the concentrations loci (CEN3, CEN4, CEN5, or CEN6). The instability of minichrosomes in the chl5, chl2, and chl4 mutants id due to the loss of minichromosomes in mitosis (1 : 0 segregation). In the chl3 mutant the instability of artificial minichromosomes is due to nondisjunction (2 : 0 segregation). The CHL3 gene therfre appears to affect the segregation of chromosomes during cell division.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040404
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  • 36
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    Structure and expression of yeast DPR1, a gene essential for the processing and intracellular localiation of ras proteins (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 271-281 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: DNA sequence ; ras related ; membrane localization ; palmitoylation ; C-terminal modification ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The ras protein represent a unique example of membrane proteins which apparently do not utilize the secretory pathway for their membrane localization. Instead, it is belived that palmaitic acid, covalently attached to the protein, acts as an anchor to the membranes. Recent identification of yeast mutants defective in the processing of the ras proteins has provideda novel approach for defining these biosynthetic process. We report here the charcterization of yeast DPR1, a gene essential for the processing of the ras proteins. The sequence of the gene indicates that it encodes a protein of 431 amino acids which contains no significant homology with any known proteins. It is a relatively hydrophilic protein of cysteine. The DPR1 gene product product has been identified in a cell-free translation system as a proteinhaving an apparent molecular weight of 43 hd. This represents the first step in the translation system as a protein having an apparent molecular weight of 43 kd. This represents the first step in the investigation of a novel protein-processing pathway, one that id distinct from the secretory pathway.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040405
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  • 37
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    The fourteenth internationl conference on yeast genetics and molecular biology (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. ix 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040408
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  • 38
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    Killer systems (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. S181 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040509
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  • 39
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    Mating type and conjugation (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. S191 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040510
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  • 40
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    Mitochondrial biogenesis (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. S207 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040511
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  • 41
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    Mutagenesis and repair (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. S243 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040512
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  • 42
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    Nuclear, vacuolar and peroxisomal proteins (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. S269 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040513
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  • 43
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    Recombination (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. S287 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040514
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  • 44
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    Physiological and biochemical analysis of cytochrome P-450 in the yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 85-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Cyt. P450 ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The yeast Schizosacchromyces pombe has been shown to contain a microsomal cytochrome P-450 (cyt. P-450) inducible under conditions of glucose repression. Under these conditions the enzyme has maximal expression of 0.43 nmol g-1 wet wt at the end of the exponential phase of growth. Substrate and inhibitor affinity was examined using studies of spectral changes on binding and revealed a type II spectrum with ketoconazole (Ks = 23 μM) and a type I spectrum with benzo(a)pyrene (Ks = 77 μM). A Km of 112 μM was found in the aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylas assay. These properties show broad comparability with the cyt. P-450 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040202
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  • 45
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    The ψ factor of yeast: A problem in inheritance (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 159-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040302
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  • 46
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    Possible gene interchange between plasmid and chromosome in yeast (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 179-190 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Zygosaccharomyces ; yeast plasmids ; sequence homology ; plasmid evolution ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Genomic DNAs isolated from 420 yeast strains stocked in the Department of Fermentation Technology, Hiroshima university (HUT) were screened fro the presence of a plasmid sequence both as plasmid or in the chromosome. Five DNA samples gave rise to a positive hybridization signal wht 32P-labelled Zygosaccharomyces plasmid pSR1 was used as a probe. Two among these contain hybridzing sequences as plasmids while the other three apparently were chromosomal. Two chromosomal DNA segments of HUT 7195 (Zygosaccharomyces spp.) which hybridized with pSR1 probe were cloned and sequenced. Both DNAs hybridized with a plasmid sequence covering the P gene of pSR1. One of hte tow segments contains a large open reading frame which can encode 410 amino acid residues. The deduced amino acid sequence is closely related with that of the P gene of pSR1. The present finding suggests that there was an interchange(s) of a gene between yeast plasmid(s) and chromosomes.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040303
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    Yeast flocculaiton: A dynamic equilibrium (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 199-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Flocculation ; yeast ; agitation ; equilibrium ; mannose ; pH value ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The steady state in yeast flocculation is a dynamic equilibrium between flocculated and dispersed yeast cells. The free cell concentraiton is directly proportional to the total cell concentration and may be expressed as an equilibrium constant. Increased agitation decreases floc size and equlibrium constant whilst increasing floc-surface area and free cell concentration. Values of equilibrium constant are influenced by agitation in a complex relationship probably involving the floc-surface area and floc momentum.Inhibition of flocculation by mannose and low pH is reversible and becomes greater with increased agitation. Both these inhibitions appear consistent with a weakening of flocculent bond strength by these inhibitors.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040305
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  • 48
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    XII international specialized symposium on yeast ‘genetics of non-conventional yeasts’ (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 235-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040310
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  • 49
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    Masthead (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040501
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  • 50
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    Genetic analysis in the methylotrophic yeast Hansenula polymorpha (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 293-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Hansenula polymorpha ; methylotrophic yeast ; genetic analysis ; methanol mutant ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Techniques are described for the induction, isolation, and characterization of mutants of Hansenula polymorpha. In addition, techniques for controlled passage through the life cycle and genetic analyses, including complementation, tetrad and random spore analysis, have been developed and used to assign mutants to 62 complementation groups. We report that organism conforms to the expected genetics of a homothallic yeast and displays a Mendelian segregation of genes through meiosis. Preliminary mapping data are presented indicating linkage of three genes on a single linkage fragment. Enymatic analysis of methanol-non-utilizing mutants identified one class which is totally deficient in the key assimilatroy enzyme, dihydroxyacetone synthase.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040407
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  • 51
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    Masthead (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040101
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  • 52
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    Metabolism of 2,3-butanediol in yeasts (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 135-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: 2,3-Butanediol ; butanediol dehydrogenase ; dihydroxyacetone reductase ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The biochemistry and physiology of 2,3-butanediol metabolism has been studied in a number of selected yeast species. Candida utilis CBS 621 exhibited diauxic growth on 2,3-butanediol. The first phase was characterized bu the utilization of the two optically active stereoisomers and associated accumulatoin. In the second phase of growth the meso-form of 2,3-butanediol was utilized together with acetoin. An attempt is made to explain these phenomena on the basis of the substrate specificity of the two enzymes which oxidize 2,3-butanediol in C. utilis. Although whole cells oxidized acetoin and diacetyl at high rates, attempts to identify the enzymes responsible for these oxidations were unsuccessful. In C. utilis and other yeasts metabolism of 2,3-butanediol probably involves a cleavage of the substrate into C2-units which are assimilated by the glyoxylate cycle. In the few yeasts which have been found to grow on 2,3-butanediol differences may be encountered with respect to the substrate specificity for the three stereoisomers of 2,3-butanediol. For example, Candida salmanticensis CBS 5121 showed no diauxis growth and utilized only two of three stereomers.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040207
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  • 53
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    Substrate specificity of alcohol dehydrogenase from the yeast Hansenyls polymorpha CBS 4732 and Candida utilis CBS 621 (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 143-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Alcohol dehydrogenase ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The substrate specificity of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) from Hansenula polymorpha and Candida utilis has been compared with that of the classical ADH from baker's yeast. Cell-free extracts of H. polymorpha and C. utilis exhibited a much higher ratio of butanol to ethanol oxidation than baker's yeast ADH. This was also observed with the purified enzymes. The ratio of activities with ethanol and butanol was pH-dependent. With the baker's yeast enzyme the activity strongly decreased with increasing chain length, whereas the enzymes form H. polymorpha and C. utilis showed a high reactivity with long-chain alcohols. In addition, the affinity constant for ethanol was more than tenfold lower than that of the baker's yeast enzyme. The purified preparation yielded several protein bands on polyacrylamide slab gels, each of which showed activity with both ethanol and butanol.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040208
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  • 54
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    Protein engineering (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 155-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040210
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  • 55
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    The subcellular location of 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase in Candida boidinii and its probable role in the breakdown of putrescine and spermidine (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 149-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Aminotransferase ; transaminase ; 4-aminobutyrate ; Candida ; putrescine ; spermidine ; cytisol ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: 4-Aminobutyrate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.19) was elevated in activity by 20- to 40-fold in cells of the yeast Candida boidinii grown on spermidine, putrescine, 4-acetamidobutyrate and 4-aminobutyrate compared with activities detected in cells grown on ammonium, methylamine or 6-aminohexanoate, confirming previous suggesions that it plays a key role in polyamine breakdown. Other enzymes of the proposed route of polymine breakdown were found to be non-coordinately induced or derepressed during growth on spermidine or its putative breakdown intermediates. The enzyme was not sedimented from spheroplast lysates at 100 000 × g, and it is concluded that it is conclded that it is probably cytosoilc in its subcellular location (although the data do not exclude the possiblity of its being vacuolar).
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040209
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  • 56
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    Calendar (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 156-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040211
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  • 57
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    Yeast identification: PC program - version 1 - December 1987 (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 156-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040212
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  • 58
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    Announcement (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 157-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040213
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  • 59
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    Masthead (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040301
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  • 60
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    Karyotyping of yeast strains of several genera by field inversion gel electrophoresis (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 191-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Karyotping ; yeast genera ; genetic homology ; FIGE ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Field inversion gel electrophoresis as been used to improve the resolution of the large chromosomes (〉1000 kb) present in Saccharomyces kluyveri and in several genera of yeasts other than Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and thus establish more accurately the electrophoretic karyotype of these yeasts. Field inversion gel electrophoresis has also been used to demonstrate the presence of chromosome length polymorphisms in serveral of the yeasts studied. By Southern blotting techniques the greater degree of relatedness of S. Kluyveri and Kluyberomyces lactis to S. cerevisiae, as compared to that of the other genera of yeasts studied, has been established.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040304
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  • 61
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    A non-conserved sequence in the 5′ region of the CYH2 intron from saccharomyces cerevisiae controls splicing efficiency of the pre-mRNA (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 209-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: RNA-splicing ; splicing efficiency ; non-conserve sequence ; intron ; yeast ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The CYH2 gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae containing one 510 bp intron is spliced inefficiently. We have shown previoulsy that a non-conserved sequence within the intron is responsible for this low splicing efficiency. Using synthetic oligonucleotides comprising the identified region we show in this report that a very short region contains the specificity to act negatively on the splicing efficiency of the CYH2 gene. Furthermore, this sequence influences the splicing efficiency only when it is placed close to the 5′ splice site of the gene. Investigations with chimeric CYH2/β-actin genes show that this sequence acts independent from its natural surroundings. We propose that this sequence might interact with splicing factor(s).
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040306
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  • 62
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    Indian yeast group activities (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 233-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040309
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  • 63
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    Metabolic responses of Saccharomyces cerevisiae CBS 8066 and Candida utilis CBS 621 upon transition from glucose limitation to glucose excess (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 283-291 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Crabtree effect ; respiration ; fermentation ; Saccharomyces ; Candida ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: When chemostat cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae CBS 8066 and Candida utilis CBS 621, grown under glucose limitation, were pulsed with excess glucose, both organisms initially exhibites similar rates of glucose and oxygen consumption. However, striking differences were apparent between the two yeasts with respect to the production of cell mass in the culture and metabolic excretion. Upon transition from glucose limitation excess, S. cerevisiae produced much ethanol but growth rate close to that under glucose limitation. C. utilis, on the other hand, produced little ethanol and immediately started to accumulated cell mass at a high rate. This high production rate of protein synthesis.Upon a glucose pulse both yeasts excreated pyuvate. In contrast to C. utilis. S. cerevisiae also excerted various tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates, both under steady-state conditions and after exposure to glucose excess, These results and those of theoritical calculations on ATP flows support the hypothesis that the ethanol production as a consequences of pyruvate accumulatiion in S. cerevisiae, occuring transition from glucose limitaion to glucose excess, is caused by a limited capacity of assimilatory pathways.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040406
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  • 64
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    Scientific program (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. i 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040502
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  • 65
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    Plenary abstracts (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. S1 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040503
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  • 66
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    Chromosome structure and function (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. S69 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040505
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  • 67
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    Cytoskeleton and cell morphology (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. S101 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040506
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  • 68
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    DNA replication (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. S115 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040507
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  • 69
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    Heterologous expression (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. S135 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040508
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  • 70
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    Regulation of gene expression: Metabolic genes and pathways (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. S311 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040515
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  • 71
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    Regulation of gene expression: Cis and transacting elements (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. S379 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040516
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  • 72
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    Secretion and glycosylation (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. S433 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040517
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  • 73
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    Strain improvement (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. S461 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040518
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  • 74
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    Transcription and RNA processing (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. S479 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040519
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  • 75
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    Translation (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. S505 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040520
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  • 76
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    Announcement (1988)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 9 (1988), S. 751-751 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020090606
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  • 77
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    Masthead (1988)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 9 (1988) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020090401
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  • 78
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    Multiplicity of functions for the otu gene products during Drosophila oogenesis (1988)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 9 (1988), S. 91-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: actin filament bundles ; ethyl methane sulfonate ; female sterile mutants ; in terallelic complementation ; oocyte determination ; ovarian tumor genes ; phenocritical thresholds ; polyfusomes ; polytene nurse cell chromosomes ; polytrophic meroistic ovaries ; pseudonurse cells ; Q-T-P-O values ; rhodaminyl phalloidin ; temperature-sensitive mutants ; transformed oocytes ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The ovarian tumor gene behaves as if it encodes a product (OGP), which is required durirng several early steps in the transformation of oogonia into functional oocytes. Seventeen ethyl methane sulfonate-induced mutations have been studied, and their mutant phenotypes can be explained as graded responses by individual germ cells to different levels of OGP synthesized by the mutant germ cells themselves. The lowest and highest levels of OGP appear to be produced by otu10 and otu14, respectively. The 15 mutants with intermediate OGP levels are temperature sensitive; subnormal temperatures improve ovarian development, while above-normal temperatures suppress it. A subgroup ofthese mutants are unable to form a system of actin microfilament bundles in the cortical cytoplasm of their nurse cells during stage 10B, and these defective nurse cells are unable to transport their cytoplasm to the oocyte, as normally happens between stages 10B and 12. In addition to its role in the actin-mediated transport of nurse cell cytoplasm, OGP also appears to alter the morphology of giant polytene chromosomes, which form as the nurse cells undergo endocycles of DNA replication. Genetic evidence suggests that otu also encodes a second product (SP) that is utilized late in oogenesis. SP is required for the synthesis in the ooplasm of glycogen-rich, beta yolk spheres. Products of the otu gene also play a vital but unknown role in embryogenesis.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020090203
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    Anemia in a line of transgenic mice carrying a mutant dihydrofolate reductase gene (1988)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 9 (1988), S. 181-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: cell interactions ; hematopoiesis ; mutagenesis ; SV40 ; fetal liver ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Several lines of transgenic mice were produced by pronuclear injection of a full-length cDNA encoding a mutant dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR, E.C. 1.5.1.3). The mutation causes altered enzyme kinetics for folate reduction as well as low affinity for methotrexate (MTX). One line of mice carrying the plasmid displays a moderate-to-severe anemia that is evident in fetuses and newborn mice and that moderates with age. RNA studies revealed high levels of transcription of the mutant gene in the fetal and adult liver, and low or absent expression in adult bone marrow. Transcription of the mutant gene was not found in the fetal liver of other pedigrees examined. The data thus suggest that expression of this mutant gene in the main hematopoietic organ of the fetus adversely affects erythropoiesis by altering the cellular environment for erythroid differentiation, and that translocation of the site of hematopoiesis to bone marrow, where the foreign gene is not expressed, leads to normalization of red cell production.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020090304
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  • 80
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    Announcement (1988)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 9 (1988), S. 213-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020090307
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  • 81
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    An autosomal dominant mutation of facial development in a transgenic mouse (1988)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 9 (1988), S. 203-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: branchial arch ; transthyretin gene ; insertional mutagenesis ; microinjection ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We have created a transgenic mouse which showed an autosomal dominant mutation of facial development. This facial malformation was characterized by a short snout and a twisted upper jaw. All offspring showing the dysmorphic phenotype carried the injected gene. In order to analyze the primary cause of this mutation, newborn mice and embryos were examined. The outcome was that the malformation of nasal and premaxillary bone was not the primary defect but was a secondary event. The primary cause of this dysmorphism was a developmental defect in the first branchial arch. Genomic DNA fragments flanking the insertion site of this mutant mouse were cloned. Using these fragments, we have assigned the integration site to chromosome 13. The gene responsible for a previously reported mutant mouse, one which also has a short snout, is also reported to be on chromosome 13. In the fragments flanking the insertion site of the transgenic mouse, at least one fragment was highly conserved in mammals. These results indicate that this malformation is due to the insertional disruption of a host gene. However, the possibility that this mutation is caused by an inappropriate expression of the injected gene still remains to be investigated.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020090306
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  • 82
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    Changes in protein synthetic activity in early Drosophila embryos mutat for the segmentation gene Krüppel (1988)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 9 (1988), S. 699-713 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Krüppel embryos ; gap gene ; segmentation gene ; two-dimensional gels ; Drosophila melanogaster ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We have identified early embryo proteins related to the segmentation gene Krüppel by [35S]methionine pulse labelling and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Protein synthesis differences shared by homozygous embryos of two Krüppel alleles when compared to heterozygous and wild-type embryos are reported. The study was extended to syncytial blastoderm stages by pulse labelling and gel analysis of single embryos, using Krüppel specific proteins from gastrula stages as molecular markers for identifying homozygous Krüppel embryos. Localized expression of interesting proteins was examined in embryo fragments. The earliest differences detected at nuclear migration stages showed unregulated synthesis in mutant embryos of two proteins that have stage specific synthesis in normal embryos. At the cellular blastoderm stage one protein was not synthesized and two proteins showed apparent shifts in isoelectric point in mutant embryos. Differences observed in older embryos included additional proteins with shifted isoelectric points and a number of qualitative and quantitative changes in protein synthesis. Five of the proteins with altered rates of synthesis in mutant embryos showed localized synthesis in normal embryos. The early effects observed are consistent with the hypothesis that the Krüppel product can be a negative or positive regulator of expression of other loci, while blastoderm and gastrula stage shifts in isoelectric point indicate that a secondary effect of Krüppel function may involve post-translational modification of proteins.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020090603
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  • 83
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    Editorial (1988)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 9 (1988), S. xi 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020090403
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  • 84
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    Preface (1988)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 9 (1988), S. ix 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020090402
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  • 85
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    Announcement (1988)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 9 (1988), S. 71-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020090108
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  • 86
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    Genetic control of morphogenesis in Arabidopsis (1988)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 9 (1988), S. 73-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: mutants ; embryogenesis ; floral organogenesis ; trichomes ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020090202
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  • 87
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    Quantitative evaluation of coat-color patterns in artificially produced chimeras of the mouse by means of a microcomputer-based video-image analysis system (1988)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 9 (1988), S. 121-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: mouse chimeras ; coat-color ; or patterns ; Video-image analysis ; microcomputer ; C3H/HeJ ; BALB/c ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The possible application of microcomputer-based video-image analysis systems for the quantitative description of coat-color patterns in artificially produced chimeras and genetic mosaics of mice was investigated using a program developed by theauthor. This system is capable of extracting, from sampled images of pelts, the morphometric image features as defined by Pratt [1978] that are essential to the quantitative description of coat-color patterns in these animals. It does so with reasonable accuracy and speed and at low cost. No description of any similar system has been published in the literature. Performance of our system is described using C3H/HeJ ↔BALB/c chimeras as examples.The complex phenotypic expression of hair pigmentation in mice makes the use of a video-image analysis system like this one essential to evaluate the morphometric parameters of the patterns (e.g., the mixing ratios between the two components, the number of different-colored stripes, etc.) more precisely and reproducibly than has been done yet in the literature.The results indicate that the number of melanoblast clones in mice, as estimated from the number of minimal recognizable stripes (MRS), might be considerably largerthan previously indicated; the figure presently obtained, i.e., 22.3 ± 2.16 unilaterally in terms of the hypothetical maximum number of stripes (HMNS) (28.73 ± 1.55, after correction for the random clumping) in the thoracicolumbar region of the mouse closely approximates the number of the somites in that region. Concerning the degree of mixing between the two components, it was proposed that the unmixed portion of the components derived from one strain increases in proportion to the second power of the increase in the relative total content of the same components. Work is in progress in our laboratory to analyze a large number of the chimeric pelts using the system described in this paper.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020090204
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  • 88
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    Effect of low-temperature rearing on heat shock protein synthesis and heat sensitivity in Drosophila melanogaster (1988)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 9 (1988), S. 193-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: thermotolerance ; hsp 23 ; heat shock genes ; hsr 93D ; cold rearing ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The patterns of synthesis of heat shock proteins (hsp) and heat sensitivity to elevated temperatures in larvae of Drosophila melanogaster reared since hatching at 20°C (warmreared) or at 10°C (cold-reared) were compared. The pattern of hsp synthesis in salivary glands from the cold- and warm-reared late-third-instar larvae exposed for l hr to 33°C or to 37°C was generally similar except for remarkable differences in the 23 kd hsp and a heat-inducible 14 kd polypeptide. The hsp 23 was abundantly synthesised in control as well as heat-shocked warm-reared larval salivary glands, its synthesis in heat-shocked glands being dependent on new transcription. The synthesis of hsp 23 was much less in control glands of cold-reared larvae and was not further inducible by heat shock. The 14 kd polypeptide synthesis was greater in control as well as heat-shocked salivary glands of cold-reared larvae, whereas, in the warm-reared ones, its activity was much less. The cold-reared larvae showed greater sensitivity to elevated temperature; fewer adults eclosed when the cold-reared late-third-instar larvae were exposed to 40°C for l hr and also a pretreatment at 37°C for l hr was less effective in stopping the killing effect of a subsequent 40°C heat shock in cold-reared than in warmA-reared larvae. The greater thermosensitivity of the cold-reared larvae may be correlated with the altered patterns of heat shock gene transcription and translation in cold-reared larvae.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020090305
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  • 89
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    Euchromatic inversions causing mosaic gene expression in Drosophila hydei: A study of forked and Zebra (1988)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 9 (1988), S. 683-698 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: variegation ; bristles ; pigmentation ; patterns ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In D. hydei two new mutants, In(1)f3 and IN(5)Z, show obvious mosaic gene expression. Their phenotypic expression is susceptible to the breeding temperature and to the addition of a supernumerary Y chromosome to the chromosome set. In this respect the mutants resemble standard cases of position-effect variegation based on the action of heterochromatin. However, since neither centromeric nor sex chromosomal heterochromatin apparently are involved, the mutations point to a new type of variegation provoked by euchromatic sections. The mosaic patterns of these mutants, in particular those of In(1)f3, will be described.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020090602
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  • 90
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    A genetic switch: Gene control and phage λ. Edited by Mark Ptashne. Cambridge, England: Cell Press; and Palo Alto, CA: Blackwell Press, 1986, 128 pp (1988)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 9 (1988), S. 69-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020090107
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  • 91
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    Masthead (1988)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 9 (1988) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020090301
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  • 92
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    Minute mutations of Drosophila melanogaster change aldehyde oxidase and pyridoxal oxidase distribution patterns in imaginal wing discs (1988)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 9 (1988), S. 167-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: enzyme pattern ; gene expression ; protein synthesis ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Aldehyde oxidase (AO) and pyridoxal oxidase (PO) distribution patterns were determined in the imaginal wing discs for a series of strains of Drosophila melanogaster heterozygous for different Minute mutations. The mutant severity ranged from very weak to strong. The results show an inverse response of AO and PO to the expressivity of the Minute mutation: in weaker Minutes the extent of the AO positive area increases, whereas PO activity disappears. The results are discussed with reference to an impaired protein synthesis in Minutes.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020090303
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  • 93
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    Announcement (1988)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 9 (1988), S. i 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020090308
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  • 94
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    Age-dependent variation for inducibility of metallothionein genes in mouse liver by cadmium (1988)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 9 (1988), S. 13-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: ontogeny ; lethality ; gene expression ; mRNA ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Cadmium is a toxic metal that induces the expression of metallothionein genes in many tissues and that binds avidly to metallothionein, a soluble transition metal binding protein. The present study examined the temporal pattern and magnitude of accumulation of metallothionein mRNA in liver of C57BL/6J mice of various ages treated with cadmium. In adult female mice, accumulation was dependent on the dosage level of cadmium and related to the concentration of this metal in liver. The accumulation of metallothionein mRNA in liver depended on age at exposure to cadmium. Intraperitoneal administration of 2 mg of cadmium per kg provoked small increases (two- to threefold) in levels of metallothionein mRNA in livers of 7- and 14-day-old mice. In contrast, cadmium treatment of 28- and 56-day-old mice resulted in 12- to 19-fold increases in levels of metallothionein mRNA in liver with maximum increases occurring 3 to 4 hr after treatment. Because similar patterns for the accumulation of cadmium of liver were found in 7-, 28-, and 56-day-old mice, observed age-dependent differences in induction of metallothionein mRNA in liver were probably not due to differences in the accumulation of cadmium in this organ. Taken together, these data suggest that tissue-specific factors controlling the expression of metallothionein genes may account for developmental variation in the inducibility of these genes by cadmium. Ontogenic variation in accumulation of metallothionein mRNA after cadmium treatment may be a factor in developmental variation in the acute lethality of cadmium in C57BL/6J mice.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020090103
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    Genetic analysis of somatic embryogenesis in carrot cell culture: Initial characterization of six classes of temperature-sensitive variants (1988)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 9 (1988), S. 49-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Daucus carota ; auxin ; gene expression ; mutant ; filtration-enrichment procedure ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Cell cultures of the carrot Daucus carota are a useful experimental system for studying the genetic regulation of plant embryogenesis. A modified filtration-enrichment procedure was used to isolate 21 temperature-sensitive variants in somatic embryogenesis; the variants display normal embryo development at the permissive temperature (24°C) and altered development at the restrictive temperature (33°C). Temperature-shift experiments were performed on these variants to determine the timing of gene action for the putative temperature-sensitive alleles. According to their phenotypes at the restrictive temperature, these variants can be divided into six classes: No Growth, Callus Proliferation, Globularstage Block, Oblong-stage Block, Lateral Growth, and Root Formation. Although many variants exhibit lengthy temperature-sensitive periods, the temperature sensitivity of some variants is restricted to one or two embryonic stages. These results plus those in the literature are incorporated into a preliminary model concerning the genetic regulation of carrot embryogenesis.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020090106
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  • 96
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    Masthead (1988)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 9 (1988) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020090201
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  • 97
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    Investigation of the tissue specificity of the lethal yellow (Ay) gene in mouse embryos (1988)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 9 (1988), S. 155-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: embryonic lethal ; agouti locus ; trophectoderm ; inner cell mass ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The tissue specificity of the lethal yellow mutant was investigated by separation of blastocyst tissues. Embryos from experimental (Ay/ae × Ay/ae) and control (ae/ae × Ay/ae) crosses of the AG/CamPa inbred strain were recovered at 3.5 days post coitum, cultured for 24 hours, and then mechanically dissected into the component tissues of the blastocyst, the inner cell mass (ICM), and trophectoderm. These fragments were then cultured separately, with or without a feeder layer of inactivated fibroblasts, for an additional 3-5 days. Comparisons between experimental and control crosses indicated that the lethal Ay/Ay embryos were among the blastocysts successfully dissected but that both the ICM and trophectoderm from lethal embryos failed to develop further in vitro, eithal with or without feeders.With retrospective identification of the lethal embryos, it was found that at 4.5 days, after 1 day of culture, they had formed morphologically normal blastocysts but were frequently more fragile upon dissection and had smaller ICMs. Although none had hatched from the zona pellucida, some had ruptured it and were halfway out. With culture, lethal ICMs showed no development, and lethal trophectoderm usually attached but showed very limited outgrowth. Thus, no rescue of lethal tissue was shown with dissection and in vitro culture, and results are consistent with the gene affecting both tissues of the late blastocyst.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020090302
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  • 98
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    Masthead (1988)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 9 (1988) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020090601
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  • 99
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    Identification and expression of the gap segmentation gene hunchback in drosophila melanogaster (1988)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 9 (1988), S. 715-732 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Regulator of postbithorax ; homeosis ; pattern formation ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Genetic analysis has shown that the gap segmentation gene hunchback (hb) is a member of the genetic hierarchy involved in pattern formation in Drosophila. To identify the hb gene, we have mapped the position of hb mutant breakpoints within a chromosomal walk of the 85A region by genomic Southern blots and determined the transcription pattern of DNA from the walk. We detect a single gene within the domain defined by breakpoint mapping. We conclude that we have identified the hunchback gene because three mutations that inactivate hb physically interrupt or delete this gene. Northern analysis shows that the hb gene gives rise to at least five overlapping transcripts ranging in length from 2.6 to 3.5 kilobases. S1 nuclease and primer extension experiments demonstrate that the gene employs two promoters and three polyadenylation sites. The two hb promoters have different temporal specificities. Transcripts arising from the upstream promoter are detected from 0-12 hours of embryogenesis as well as in adult female and male RNA preparations. Transcripts arising from the downstream promoter accumulate only from 0-6 hours of embryogenesis. During the syncytial blastoderm stage, transcripts from the hb gene accumulate over a broad anterior and a narrow posterior domain. This pattern sharpens during the late blastoderm/early gastrula stage to produce an embryo with two stripes of hybridization anterior and one stripe posterior. Later, hb transcripts are detected within the ventral hypoderm in extended germ band stage embryos.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020090604
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  • 100
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    Genetic determination of sporangiophore development in Phycomyces (1988)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 9 (1988), S. 733-741 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Phycomyces blakesleeanus ; developmental mutants ; phorogenesis ; sexual reproduction ; light ; carotene ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The mycelium of the fungus Phycomyces. essentially a giant multinucleate cell, produces two kinds of asexual reproductive structures, called macrophores and microphores, and a succession of structures for sexual reproduction. Following the treatment of spores with N-methyl-N′ -nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, conditional imb mutants have been isolated that form no macrophores at 26°C, but do at 14°C. At the restrictive temperature, few imb mutants (2 of 13) develop microphores, and none is able to complete the sexual cycle. This suggests that genes responsible for macrophorogenesis are involved in microphorogenesis and in sexual development as well. Light reduces macrophorogenesis and totally abolishes microphorogenesis in the wild type under the conditions of our experiments. These photomorphogenetic effects require the normal function of genes madA and madB, which are responsible for phototropism. Light inhibits microphorogenesis in the two imb mutants that form microphores at the restrictive temperature. Genetic alterations of carotenogenesis lead to an excess of microphores and a scarcity of macrophores in the dark, but they have little influence on vegetative reproduction in the light.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020090605
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