Library

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • 1985-1989  (480)
  • 1965-1969  (1,849)
  • 1945-1949
  • Physics  (2,329)
  • 101
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystallizable elastomers by chemical modification of transtactic polydiolefins. Hydrochlorination (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 23 (1985), S. 139-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Solutions of crystalline, high-melting trans-1,4 polybutadiene (trans-PB), trans-1,4 mix 1,2 butadiene-piperylene copolymer (BPC, low piperylene content), and isotactic trans-1,4 piperylene (trans-PP) were partly hydrochlorinated under mild conditions with gaseous HCl. Glass transition and melting temperatures were strongly affected by the addition of HCl. Several hydrochlorinated trans-PB and -BPC were semicrystalline or amorphous elastomers, susceptible to reversible crystallization when stretched. The straininduced crystallinity was similar to that shown by trans-polybutadiene sequences, particularly in the form that is unstable in bulk at room temperature (form II). The addition of HCl to the asymmetric double bond in trans-PP occurs in a stereoselective way, according to 13C-NMR. under the experimental conditions of the present study the occurrence of side reactions was observed; these reactions decrease the polymer unsaturation to a lower level than that calculated by the amount of HCl added to the polymer.
    Additional Material: 19 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.170230115
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 102
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetic study of the polymerization of acrylamide in inverse microemulsion (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 23 (1985), S. 193-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The polymerization of acrylamide in inverse microemulsions stabilized by Aerosol OT emulsifier and initiated with azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) or potassium persulfate (K2S2O8) has been investigated. The inverse polyacrylamide latexes formed are clear and highly stable. A dilatometric technique was used to follow the conversion of monomer at T = 45°C. The rate of polymerization is first order with respect to initial monomer concentration in the presence of AIBN, and is 1.5 order with K2S2O8. An inverse relationship between molecular weight and emulsifier concentration is found which suggests participation of the emulsifier in the initiation reaction. This is confirmed by the independence of the molecular weight of polyacrylamide on the concentration of the initiators. High values of the rate of polymerization are obtained combined with high molecular weights (up to 107). An important and novel feature of this microemulsion process is that each final latex particle consists of one single molecule of polyacrylamide in a collapsed state. This suggests kinetics which do not follow the Smith and Ewart theory but are characterized by continuous particle nucleation.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.170230120
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 103
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of metal ions on the interaction between polyethylenimine and azo dyes carrying hydroxyl groups (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 23 (1985), S. 255-259 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.170230124
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 104
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of potential on electroinitiated copolymerization of styrene and β-bromostyrene (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 23 (1985), S. 303-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Copolymerization of styrene and β-bromostyrene, by constant potential electrolysis, in 1,2-dichloroethane was achieved at various applied potentials. Effect of polymerization potential on the copolymer composition and the reactivity ratios was studied. Monomer reactivity ratios were determined by integrated Lewis-Mayo equation.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.170230204
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 105
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study on triazine thiols. VI. Selective graft copolymerization of MMA on modified copper plates (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 23 (1985), S. 315-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Graft copolymerization of MMA on copper surface which is initiated by Na2S2O8 in an aqueous solution proceeded selectively when copper plates are modified by 6-unsaturated group-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-dithiol monosodium salts (UTD) and 6-dimethylamino-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-dithiol monosodium salt (DMTD). Grafting weight was influenced by the molar ratio of UTD to DMTD in the aqueous solution that copper plates are treated. The former on copper surface is a coupling component of MMA radicals and initiator radicals. The latter is a catalyst which accelerates the formation of radicals acting with Na2S2O8. Selective graft copolymerization is due to the reason that radicals generate selectively in the neighborhood of copper surface and in this place there are monomers such as MMA and UTD.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.170230206
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 106
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyesters derived from 1,4-oxathian-2-ones (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 23 (1985), S. 843-849 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1,4-Oxathian-2-one (1a) was prepared in high yield by oligomerization of methyl(2-hydroxyethyl)mercaptoacetate (3) followed by catalytic depolymerization in vacuo. A similar sequence starting with methyl(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonylacetate (5) afforded the corresponding sulfone, 1,4-oxathian-2-one-4,4-dioxide (1c), however, 1,4-oxathian-2-one-4-oxide (1b) could not be obtained by this procedure. Ring opening melt polymerization of 1a and 1c afforded low molecular weight crystalline polyesters 2a and 2c. Oxidation of 2a with m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid produced the corresponding polyester 2b containing sulfoxide groups. Thermogravimetric analyses and visual observations indicated 2b to be thermally unstable relative to 2a and 2c.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.170230317
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 107
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vinylsulfonylethyl derivatives of nucleic acid bases and their graft polymers on polyethyleneimine (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 23 (1985), S. 879-893 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Vinylsulfonylethyl (VSE) derivatives of the nucleic acid bases adenine, thymine, cytosine, and the nucleosides inosine and uridine have been prepared via a simple Michael reaction with divinyl sulfone. The VSE derivatives were grafted on a polyethyleneimine (PEI) backbone. PEI of different molecular weights (1400, 1800 and 50,000-100,000) were used and also two different molar ratios (1:1 and 1:2) of monomer to PEI were employed. From the 1H-NMR and elemental analysis, it appeared that in almost all instances the grafting was quantitative. In one case, both 1-VSE-thymine and 9-VSE-adenine were grafted on the same PEI backbone. Interactions between some of these polymers were investigated by UV spectroscopy. The expected complementary base pairing was observed only in DMSO-ethylene glycol solvent system but not in DMSO. The adenine polymer showed a one-to-one interaction with the thymine polymer.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.170230320
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 108
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure and photoconductivity of charge transfer complexes of β-forming poly[S-(2-N-carbazolylethyl)-L-cysteine] with 2,4,7-trinitrofluorenone (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 23 (1985), S. 911-914 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.170230324
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 109
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heterogeneous grafting on polymers containing chlorine: Grafting of amide groups in water suspension and the reactivity of the new polymer towards epoxy resins (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 23 (1985), S. 981-995 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Heterogeneous grafting on polyvinylchloride suspended in water was carried out using N-butyl-3-mercaptopropionamide as nucleophile. Over 50% graft was obtained by using a small amount of solvent as a swelling agent and tricapryl methyl ammonium chloride as a phase transfer catalyst. Elemental analysis of the grafted polymer shows that the chlorine displaced from the polymers is replaced by the thio-amide group. The above conclusion is supported by NMR and IR analysis. The kinetics of the chlorine displacement from PVC by the thio amide group obeys the Shell progressive mechanism. The rate at which an individual spherical particle reacts depends on the diffusion through the reacted layer. The grafted polymer is soluble in tetrahydrofuran or nitrobenzene. The films obtained from the grafted material are brittle due to excessive internal hydrogen bonding. The electrostatic charge which is a characteristic surface phenomena in PVC is diminished in the grafted polymer which may be due to the existence of the amide group near the surface. The amide groups attached to the side chains on the polymer may participate in various reactions, e.g., with epoxy resins. IR analysis of the cured film indicates the disappearance of the oxiran band at 913 cm-1 and an increase in the hydroxyl band around 3300 cm-1. Thus, grafting of amide groups on PVC enables us to further modify PVC by epoxy resins.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.170230404
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 110
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The crosslinking of epoxy resins at interfaces. II. At an aromatic polyamide surfaceIssued as NRCCC 23627. (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 23 (1985), S. 1031-1041 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The first 200-400 nm of crosslinked epoxy resin adjacent to an aromatic polyamide (aramid) surface were characterized by internal reflection spectroscopy (IRS) using an aramid-coated IRS element. The crosslinking kinetics and final crosslinked state of an anhydride-cured epoxy resin were strongly affected by the aramid surface, which produced a localized increase in the rate of anhydride consumption and a decrease in the yield of ester products. An aromatic amine-cured epoxy resin was less affected by the aramid surface. Unidirectional aramid fiber:epoxy composites were examined by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The chemical changes detected spectroscopically were shown to correlate with mechanical and thermal transition data obtained by DMA and DSC. These results are rationalized on the basis of the effect of absorbed moisture in the aramid on the crosslinking chemistry.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.170230408
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 111
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal treatment, spectroscopic analyses, and electrical properties of poly(copper 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octacyanophthalocyanine) (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 23 (1985), S. 1589-1597 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Thermal treatment of novel poly(copper 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octacyanophthalocyanine), PCOCP, has been carried out at different temperatures in an inert atmosphere. As polyacrylonitrile, the polymer can be thermally cyclized through the cyano groups to produce semiconductive and conductive materials. Polymeric copper octacyanophthalocyanine material with a conductivity as high as 5-8 (Ω cm)-1 was prepared. Weight loss, electrical data, infrared, and photoacoustic results of the thermally treated copper octacyanophthalocyanine polymer are discussed.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.170230529
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 112
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An ESCA investigation of the inductively coupled RF plasma polymerization of fluoronaphthalene and fluoronaphthalene/hydrogen mixtures (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 23 (1985), S. 1621-1629 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1-Fluoronaphthalene was plasma polymerized and its composition and structure, as a function of position, power, and temperature, were examined by ESCA. The F:C ratio of the deposited film was lower than that of the starting monomer both at room temperature and at 150°C. An asymmetry of the main C1s photoionization peak was noted. Plasmas were also excited in fluoronaphthalene/hydrogen mixtures where extensive fluorine elimination and hydrogen incorporation occurred. This gave direct evidence that the height of step function or asymmetry of the main C1s peak is related to the degree of saturation in the compound.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.170230603
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 113
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation and reactions of polymeric azides. III. The preparation and reactions of polymeric phosphine iminesCorrected proofs received March 7, 1985 (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 23 (1985), S. 1671-1675 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Polymeric azides reacted with triphenylphosphine to give the corresponding phosphine imines, which reacted with bases, aldehydes, and isocyanates to give amines, imines, and carbodiimides, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.170230608
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 114
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copoly(amide - ester)s from p-aminobenzoic and hydroxybenzoic acids by the direct polycondensation with diphenyl chlorophosphate and LiCl (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 23 (1985), S. 1699-1705 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reaction promoted by diphenyl chlorophosphate (DPCP) and LiCl was found to be effectively used for the preparation of aromatic polyesters with high molecular weights directly from hydroxybenzoic acids when the condensing agent was added dropwise. The reaction was successfully to the direct polycondensation reaction of p-aminobenzoic and hydroxybenzoic acids, giving high-molecular-weight copoly(amide - ester)s soluble in amide or phenolic solvents. Copolycondensations of isophthalic and terephthalic acids with bisphenols and aromatic diamines were also examined by adding the DPCP solution to a mixture of these monomers or by initial reaction of DPCP with the acids followed by dropwise addition of a mixture of bisphenols and the diamines. The latter stepwise reaction gave random copolymers soluble in amide and phenolic solvents. Thermal properties of these copolymers were studied.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.170230611
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 115
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Grafting onto polypropylene. I. Effect of solvents in gamma radiation-induced graft copolymerization of poly(acrylonitrile) (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 23 (1985), S. 1749-1757 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Graft copolymerization of acrylonitrile (AN) onto isotactic polypropylene (PP) fiber has been studied by using gamma rays from a 2100 Ci 60Co source as initiator by preirradiation technique. The preirradiated PP was treated with AN and the mixture was graft copolymerized by heating to 100°C for different time periods. The percentage of grafting is determined as a function of total dose, reaction time, and monomer concentration. The effect of different solvents such as H2O, CH3OH, and dioxane upon percentage of grafting has been studied. The maximum effect was observed in water and the minimum in CH3OH. PP - g - PAN was characterized by IR spectroscopic and thermogravimetric methods. A plausible mechanism of gamma radiation induced grafting of AN onto PP in the absence and in the presence of solvents has been proposed. An attempt has been made to compare the relative abilities of different solvents to influence grafting.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.170230615
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 116
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and characterization of soluble aromatic polyamides from 2,5-bis(4-aminophenyl) - 3,4-diphenylthiophene and aromatic diacid chlorides (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 23 (1985), S. 1797-1803 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: New soluble aromatic polyamides with inherent viscosities of 1.0-1.7 dL/g were prepared by the low temperature solution polycondensation of 2,5-bis(4-aminophenyl) - 3,4-diphenylthiophene, bis(4-aminophenyl) ether, and aromatic diacid chlorides in N,N-dimethylacetamide. The polyamides and copolyamides are generally soluble in amide-type solvents. They have glass transition temperatures in the range of 280-325°C and showed no weight loss below 390°C on thermogravimetry curves in both air and nitrogen atmospheres.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.170230619
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 117
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Titanium and rare earth chloride catalysts for ethylene polymerization (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 23 (1985), S. 1851-1851 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.170230626
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 118
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of the surfactant-free emulsion polymerization of styrene:-The post nucleation stage (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 23 (1985), S. 1869-1883 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The kinetics of the surfactant-free emulsion polymerisation of styrene have been studied. Reactions were sampled at several stages throughout their course, and the samples characterized by electron microscopy, gravimetric weights analysis and gel permeation chromatography, After an initial period of particle nucleation and coagulation, the reaction proceeds at a constant number density. The theories developed for emulsion polymerisation in the presence of surfactant above its critical micelle concentration might be expected, in Interval II, to apply to the surfactant-free system if due regard is taken of the lower number densities and larger particle sizes developed. The results are in best accord with theories invoking a surface phase polymerisation mechanism. None of these theories predict a bimodel molecular weight distribution as found here and which is ascribed to polymerisation in two loci. The activation energy was found to be the same as for surfactant containing emulsion polymerisations.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.170230703
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 119
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of polyamides from active N,N′-diacylbis [1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2h)-one]s and 4,4′-oxydianiline under mild conditions (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 23 (1985), S. 1973-1980 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The aminolysis of 3-benzoyloxy-1,2-benzisothiazole and N-benzoyl[1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one] derived from 1,2-benzisothiazol-3-ol was studied in model systems and was found to give good yields of N-substituted benzamides at room temperature. Solution polycondensation of new bisamides, N,N′-isophthaloyldi[1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one], and N,N′-adipoyldi[1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one], proceeded slowly to give polyamides with moderate molecular weights. The chloroform-triethylamine · hydrochloride system was the best polycondensation medium compared with some polar aprotic solvents for the formation of higher-molecular-weight polyamides.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.170230712
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 120
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conversion of solid poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleimide) to poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic anhydride) (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 23 (1985), S. 2017-2022 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Solid poly(methyl vinyl-alt-maleimide), when subjected to heating at 100°C while being vacuum pumped at 0.1 mm Hg pressure, was converted to a copolymer in which a substantial portion of the imide groups were converted to anhydride groups. Similarly, heating at 100°C at atmospheric pressure in a circulating air oven brought about the same reaction but at a faster rate. This confirms the hypothesis that the formation of maleic anhydride comonomer units from poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-ammonium maleamate) not only proceeds directly by ring closure of amic acid formed by loss of ammonia but probably also includes, as a parallel pathway, hydrolysis by atmospheric moisture of maleimide comonomer units.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.170230716
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 121
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A simplification of the terpolymerization equation (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 23 (1985), S. 2247-2254 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The terpolymerization composition equation has been modified to eliminate the consideration of interactions between monomers 2 and 3 when they are present in low concentration in the feed mixture relative to monomer 1. Terpolymers with a wide variety of comonomers and compositions have been synthesized and used to demonstrate that a simplified terpolymerization equation accurately predicts terpolymer composition.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.170230814
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 122
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of the microstructure of tetrahydrofuran-3,3 dimethyloxetane copolymers by 13C-NMR spectroscopy. (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 23 (1985), S. 2283-2289 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The microstructure of tetrahydrofuran (A)-3,3 dimethyloxetane (B) copolymers was studied by 13C-{1H}-NMR spectroscopy. Only the methyl carbons corresponding to the 3,3 dimethyloxetane unit appear as a singlet, whereas the other carbons present a more complicated spectral pattern than it would be expected if ∊ effects were negligible. The assignment of the resonance signals allowed the determination of the values of the probabilities of the different triads, which were in good agreement with those obtained from the reactivity ratios.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.170230817
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 123
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantum yield for poly(methyl methacrylate) chain scission by 214-229 nm wavelength light (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1749-1758 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The quantum yield for poly(methyl methacrylate)chain scission by ultraviolet light in the 214-229 nm wavelength region was found to be φd = 0.03 scissions per absorbed photon. Samples were 1.65-μm films spun cast on silicon wafers and irradiated under flowing nitrogen by a cadmium vapor lamp. Gel permeation chromatography was used for molecular weight determination. Heating (postbaking) the irradiated films at 150°C for one hour under reduced-pressure flowing nitrogen increased the observed scissions per absorbed photon to 0.04. Glass transition temperatures by DSC are well-represented by Tg (K) = 393.3 - 2.0 × 105/Mn for the postbaked samples (139,000 〉 Mn 〉 6500).
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230902
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 124
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The structure of MDI/BDO-based polyurethanes: Diffraction studies on model compounds and oriented thin films (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1915-1932 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Polyurethanes based on MDI/BDO are known to crystallize in three distinct forms. Two of these crystal structures, type II and type III, have been characterized by electron and x-ray diffraction experiments on model compounds and oriented thin films of a 77% hard-segment polyurethane elastomer. The model compounds were of the form BDO(MDI/BDO)n with n = 1, 2, 3. Results from the model compounds indicate that the MDI/BDO repeat crystallizes in the type-II structure, which has a contracted conformation with a monomer repeat length of 1.70 nm. MDI/BDO-based polyurethanes also exhibit the type-II structure under quiescent crystallization conditions. Studies of oriented thin films of an MDI/BDO-based polyurethane indicate that a change in crystal form occurs on stretching to the fully extended monomer conformation. This crystal form is termed type III and has a monomer repeat length of 1.92 nm.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230913
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 125
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extraction and sorption studies using linear polymer chains and model networks (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1933-1940 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Model networks have been prepared by tetrafunctionally endlinking linear polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) chains having molecular weights Mn in the range 2000-15,000 g mole-1. The first series of networks were prepared from mixtures containing known amounts of unreactive linear PDMS chains with molecular weights Md between 1000 and 16,000 g mole-1. Rates of extraction were used to estimate diffusion coefficients; as expected, they were found to increase with increase in molecular weight Mc = Mn between crosslinks, but to decrease with increase in Md. The ease with which all of such a diluent could be removed showed the same dependence on Mc and Md. A second series of networks was prepared from the same reactive PDMS chains without diluents. Sorption and extraction studies using the same diluents were then carried out. The diffusion coefficients for sorption were found to be in the range (1.7-15.0) × 10-12 m2 s-1 and depended on both Mc and Md. The amount of diluent absorbed at equilibrium was between 10 and 70%, which is in good agreement with predictions from the Flory equation for dilation in networks, with account of constraints on crosslink fluctuations.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230914
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 126
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of stress-induced crystallization in high-cis-1,4-polybutadiene (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 2109-2118 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Stress-induced crystallization of a crosslinked polybutadiene with a high 1,4-cis content is investigated, at room temperature. The change in the fraction of crystallinity with deformation is evaluated by two different methods. The first is based on simultaneous measurement of birefringence and stress. The second is based on calorimetric analysis. The data on crystallinity obtained by these two methods are in good agreement in the range of low deformations, while, in the range of higher deformation (λ 〉 5), the degree of crystallinity obtained by calorimetry is higher than that obtained by the optical method. Qualitative information on the crystallization was also obtained by optical analysis of the hysteresis behavior. The hysteresis data show the presence of ordering phenomena at deformations at which there seems to be no crystallinity according to both quantitative methods.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180231009
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 127
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative study of dielectric, mechanical, and nuclear magnetic relaxations in linear polyethylene. II. Relaxation spectroscopy of the α, β, and γ loss bands with special emphasis on fine structure (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 809-824 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Dielectric, mechanical, and NMR retardation (correlation) spectra for relaxations in linear polyethylene were calculated in normalized form and intercompared. For each of the two local-mode relaxations in the γ region, called γ1 and γ2, these spectra are found to be in excellent agreement. For the α region, the spectra for two mechanical processes, called α1 and α2, two NMR processes, called α′ and α, and one dielectric process α were calculated. Excellent agreement is found between the spectra for the dielectric α and NMR α′ processes and also spectra for the mechanical α2 and NMR α processes, due to molecular motion in the interior of crystals. However, the spectrum for the mechanical α1 process is different from that for the dielectric α and NMR α′ processes, though the activation energy for the first process is almost the same as for the other two. This behavior is interpreted on the assumption that the dielectric α and NMR α′ processes are caused by molecular motion in lamellar surface layers while the mechanical α1 process is due to grain-boundary slip with viscous resistance of the surface layers in the boundaries. The shapes of the spectra, including the spectrum for the β process, are not affected by diluent.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230414
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 128
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coherent elastic scattering of a reptating chain in a melt during transient relaxation (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 833-844 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: We calculate the elastic scattering of a long chain in a polymer melt during the process of relaxation after a sudden deformation, i.e., the return to equilibrium with time, while the deformed shape is maintained. The scattering thus depends on the duration t of the relaxation, as well as on the scattering vector, and is a physical quantity characteristic of the dynamics of long chains. The reptation model of de Gennes is used as developed for deformed melts by Doi and Edwards: the chain is confined by other chains in a tube, from which disengagement by the ends is the only way of renewing its configuration. The tube diameter is taken as a parameter. We give both an analytic form and numerical evaluations. On comparison with calculations based on the Rouse model, in which the chain is assumed to be free in a viscous medium, it is seen that the experimental data (given elsewhere) should enable one to distinguish between the two models.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230501
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 129
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectroscopic characterization of acetylene-terminated sulfone resin (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 845-859 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy was used to characterize the thermal polymerization of the acetylene-terminated (AT) resin, bis[4-(3-ethynylphenoxy)phenyl]sulfone. Spectral processing techniques (including the method of factor analysis) were utilized in the analysis of the infrared data. The degree of cure was quantitatively monitored as the resin was thermally polymerized. Factor analysis indicated that only one reaction product is spectroscopically distinguishable. Further band analysis indicated the formation of predominantly trans conjugated polyene structures. No evidence for cyclotrimerization was found.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230502
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 130
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative aspects of internal reflection spectroscopy: Polymer surface composition measurementThis paper was presented in part at the FACSS XI meeting, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 1984. (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 861-871 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The use of band-ratioing techniques in internal reflection spectroscopy (IRS) for a wide variety of polymer surface composition and orientation measurements is discussed. It is shown that quantitative data can be obtained under a wide range of experimental conditions. The effects of variations in sample contact, internal reflection element, and angle of incidence are considered in detail. The applicability and limitations of calibration procedures for the determination of surface composition under various experimental conditions are considered. The requirements for obtaining quantitative results by IRS are shown to be far more lenient than is typically assumed.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230503
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 131
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fracto-emission from filled and unfilled polybutadiene (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 873-888 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: We further examine the mechanisms involved in the emission of electrons and positive ions from polybutadiene accompanying fracture. Experimental evidence is given in support of a previously presented model involving a microdischarge accompanying fracture which excites the fracture surfaces by particle bombardment. Calculations of the time dependence for the emission from such excitations for both isothermal and thermal stimulation from a simple trap model are presented. We conclude that both filled and unfilled polybutadiene are experiencing the same excitations except at a considerably reduced intensity for the unfilled material.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230504
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 132
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of polydispersity on the cloud-point curves of polymer mixtures (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 917-924 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A method is presented for the calculation of cloud-point curves of polymer-polymer mixtures when the polymers involved are polydisperse. The method is based on the Flory-Huggins free energy of mixing with a concentration-independent χ parameter. Numerical results are given for cases in which the molecular weight distributions are represented by the Schulz-Flory type. When the two polymers have similar average molecular weights and polydispersities, the cloud-point curves become flatter as the polydispersity increases. When the two polymers have similar average molecular weights but differ in polydispersity, the cloud-point curves become more skewed as the difference in the polydispersity increases. The results point out that, if the polydispersity effect is not properly accounted for, the value of χ deduced from experimental cloud points is liable to be in error, especially with regard to its temperature coefficient and its concentration dependence.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230506
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 133
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Percolation and effective-medium theories for perfluorinated ionomers and polymer composites (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 933-953 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Percolation and effective-medium theories are applied to model the transport and elastic properties of perfluorinated ionomers. The composite nature of these polymers is emphasized. The effective-medium theory is generalized to track continuously the evolution from lamellar to fibrillar morphology. The predicted dramatic difference in ion selectivity between lamellar and spherical morphology is verified quantitatively in perfluorinated ionomer blends. The limitations and potential improvements of the effective-medium theory and its relationship to percolation theory are discussed. Applications of these theories to other multiphase polymer systems are also discussed.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230508
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 134
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of molecular weight on the refractive index increments of polystyrene, poly(ethylene glycol), poly(propylene glycol), and poly(dichlorophenylene oxide) in solution (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 925-931 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The variation of refractive index increments with molecular weight has been studied using solutions of polystyrene (2.2 × 103 〈 Mw 〈 1.8 × 106), poly(ethylene glycol) (1.0 × 103 〈 Mw 〈 2.0 × 104), and poly(dichlorophenylene oxide) (3.3 × 103 〈 Mw 〈 4.8 × 105) in toluene and poly(propylene glycol) (1.2 × 103 〈 Mw 〈 4.0 × 103) in benzene. The refractive index increments of polyglycols containing aliphatic ether moieties are negative in these solvents. However, poly(dichlorophenylene oxide) polymers, which contain aromatic ether moieties, give positive values. Linear and branched halogenated poly(phenylene oxide)s show an asymptotic approach of the refractive index increment to the same limiting value, but the approach is more rapid for the branched polymer.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230507
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 135
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sorption and diffusion of toluene in isotropic and oriented linear polyethylene (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 973-989 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Sorption and diffusion of toluene vapor in linear polyethylene with mass-fraction crystallinity between 0.48 and 0.82 and draw ratios λ up to 10 have been studied at 30°C. The sorbed concentration in the amorphous phase Ca is little affected by crystallinity, indicating that the free-volume fraction is roughly the same for all isotropic samples. However, the diffusion path becomes more tortuous with increasing crystalline content, thereby leading to a sixfold drop in the zero-concentration diffusion coefficient D0. Drawing has more drastic effects, reducing Ca and D0 by factors of 4 and 60, respectively, as λ increases to 10. These large changes result from the transformation of the initially spherulitic material into a fibrous structure, which is composed of aligned microfibrils with taut tie molecules lying on the outer boundaries. The effects of crystallinity and orientation on the concentration dependence of the diffusion coefficient are also discussed.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230510
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 136
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological studies of liquid-crystalline cellulose derivatives. II. Hydroxypropyl cellulose films prepared from liquid-crystalline aqueous solutions (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1053-1064 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A morphological study of hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) was performed on solid films prepared by casting from a liquid-crystalline aqueous solution at rest or under shear. Electron microscopic observations reveal that many round particles composed of stacked disks are densely packed in the interior of a quiescently cast HPC film, while on the film surface formation of fibrous textures is also noted. Shear-deformed HPC films exhibit some interesting morphological features according to the shearing conditions. It is found by electron microscopy that the originally round particles become more and more elongated as shear stress increases. The resulting rodlike fibrillar entities are considerably aligned in the shear direction (SD), but form a banded structure with periodic discontinuities of molecular orientation distribution along the SD. A new mechanism of structural transformation is proposed in order to interpret these results.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230515
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 137
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Time dependence of mechanical and transport properties of drawn and annealed linear polyethylene (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1217-1234 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Linear polyethylene both as drawn, or drawn and subsequently annealed with free ends, changes its length, density, crystallinity, elastic modulus, sorption, and diffusivity as the sample stands completely unrestrained at room temperature. Most of these changes occur during the first few hours. But they are important on a molecular scale since they suggest strongly that drawn, and drawn and annealed samples are far from equilibrium. As a consequence of the tendency of each mobile tie molecule in the amorphous conformation to retract and to crystallize, the specimen approaches but does not reach complete equilibrium. The transient seems to be caused by slow crystallization of tie molecules which creates crystalline bridges across the amorphous layers.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230613
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 138
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Random-coil configurations of aromatic polyesters: Birefringence of poly(triethylene glycol terephthalate) networks in elongation (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1235-1245 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Hydroxyl-terminatd poly(triethylene glycol terephthalate) was crosslinked with an aromatic triisocyanate. Birefringence-stress-strain experiments, performed on the networks at 70°C, showed an anomalous increase in the modulus and a downturn in the birefringence-strain isotherms at high elongations. These results suggest that crystallinity is not responsible for the non-Gaussian behavior of the chains at high extension. The same kind of experiments were performed over the range 20-70°C. Values of the optical configuration parameter Δa of the order of 13.3 × 10-24 cm3 with negligible temperature coefficient were found for these networks. The quantities Δa and d In Δa/dT were calculated by means of the rotational isomeric state model. Better agreement between the theoretical and experimental values of these parameters was found for poly(triethylene glycol terephthalate) than for poly(diethylene glycol terephthalate). Since the polarities of the two chains are similar, intermolecular interactions involving terephthaloyl residues may be responsible for the discrepancies observed between theory and experiment for Δa in aromatic polyesters.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230614
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 139
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dilute-solution properties of trans-1,4-polyisoprene (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1255-1262 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Trans-1,4-polyisoprene was fractionated by both fractional precipitation and preparative gel permeation chromatography to obtain possibly sharp fractions of narrow molecular weight distribution. Selected fractions were characterized by light scattering, viscosity, and gel permeation chromatography. Necessary corrections for molecular heterogeneity were applied. Some of the characteristic relations between [η] and Mw are [η] = 1.81 × 10-4 Mw0.722 in benzene at 30°C, [η] = 1.38 × 10-4 Mw0.711 in n-hexane at 30°C, which are found to be in good agreement with literature data when corrected for molecular heterogeneity.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230616
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 140
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Concentration distribution of elements in heterogeneous polymer systems determined by electron microprobe analysis (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1485-1494 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A technique for analysis of composition variations in heterogeneous polymer systems permits investigation of materials with both uniform and nonuniform distribution of heterostructural components. To illustrate the method, determinations have been made of concentration profiles of dibromo-diallyl-phthalate formed in porous PVC in two different ways.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230802
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 141
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dilute solutions of poly(vinyl alcohol) derived from vinyl trifluoroacetate (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1703-1712 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The dilute-solution behavior of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVAVTFA), derived from vinyl trifluoroacetate, in water-dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) mixtures was investigated. With solvent mixtures ranging from 10 to 20 vol % DMSO, the relation between the reduced viscosity ηsp/C and the polymer concentration C was linear for polymer concentrations above 0.2 g/dL, whereas in solutions in mixed solvents of other compositions the dependence was linear for polymer concentrations above 0.1 g/dL. The relation between the intrinsic viscosity [η] obtained for aqueous solutions of PVAVTFA and the molecular weight M estimated from viscosity measurements in solutions of poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAVTFA), obtained by acetylation of PVAVTFA, was given by [η]30°Cwater = 7.34 × 10-4 M0.63. The value of [η] was greatest for the solvent mixture with 10 vol % DMSO and smallest for about 50 vol % DMSO, and Huggins constants k were smallest and greatest for these two cases, respectively. The turbidity of the solutions of low-molecular-weight PVAVTFA, was higher than that of high-molecular-weight PVAVTFA up to 30 vol % DMSO, and the reverse relation held for 40-70 vol % DMSO.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230821
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 142
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of a new structural theory to polymers. I. Uniaxial stress in crosslinked rubbers (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 2243-2271 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A continuum rheological theory, endowed with generalized structural significance, has recently been developed. Based on nonequilibrium thermodynamics, it relates stress σ, strain rate \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\dot \varepsilon$\end{document} and temperature in terms of material evolution through a series of structural states. The theory has previously had success in dealing with crystalline metals and surface physics, and here it is applied to crosslinked rubbery polymers in the nominally amorphous condition. Structure is believed to be related to interchain associations, chain entanglements, chain ends, and other defects in the hypothetical ideal network which by itself would lead to neo-Hookean predictions in uniaxial deformation, σnH ∝ λ2  -  λ-1, where λ is the stretch ratio. Predictions are made for σ(λ) in both tension and compression and shown to be more compatible with data than either σnH(λ) or the Mooney - Rivlin expression σMR(λ). Only two parameters are required, moduli Go (reflecting initial structure) and Gs (the steady-state condition), and rate effects are incorporated through Go(\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\dot \varepsilon$\end{document}) and Gs(\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\dot \varepsilon$\end{document}). The phenomena of yielding and stress softening in cyclic tensile loading are also predicted, suggesting advantages to this approach relative to conventional viscoelastic continuum models.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180231102
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 143
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Linear polymers in nonhomogeneous flow fields. I. Translational diffusion coefficient (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 73-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The translational diffusion coefficient D, needed in treatments of flow-induced polymer migration phenomena, is studied. Explicit results are reported for bead-spring model macromolecules with two, three, and four beads, respectively. If the number of beads is large, an integral formulation is used. The results obtained show that D depends upon the hydrodynamic interaction parameters h* and h*N1/2. Nondraining behavior of D is predicted irrespective of h if h* is close to 0.2357. Approximations for D are obtained and the error involved is estimated.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230107
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 144
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermoplastic elastomers: Structural and morphological aspects of ether-esteramide copolymers (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 49-57 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Polyesteramide 6NT6-polytetramethylene ether glycol (PTMEG) copolymers, precipitated from dilute solution, have been studied by small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) and wide-angle x-ray scattering (WAXS) with variation of the PTMEG content. A comparison of the structural characteristics of these materials has been made with those of the 6NT6 homopolymer. Chain folding is assumed as the crystallization mechanism for the low-PTMEG-content copolymers, with possible inclusion of polyether segments within the 6NT6 crystal lattice. WAXS data support the view of a weakening of the 6NT6 crystalline packing in the equatorial planes as the reason for broadening of the diffraction peaks, for changes in their relative intensities, and for the increase in the equatorial interplanar distances in the high-PTMEG-content samples. The annealing behavior has also been investigated.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230105
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 145
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diffusion study of a polymer-diluent system using the optical mass transport method (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 253-261 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Thermotropic polymers and low-molecular-weight mesogens share many common textural features. This circumstance is exploited to determine diffusion coefficents in a system consisting of a cholesteric polymer and a low-molecular-weight nematogen using the recently developed optical mass transport method. The self-diffusion coefficient and its concentration dependence were determined by using a distance-time approach, whereas the time dependence of the mutual diffusion coefficient was evaluated by a conventional concentration-distance analysis of the diffusion profile. Comparison with literature data indicates satisfactory agreement. The coefficient of the scaling law relating the self-diffusion coefficient and concentration is in accord with the value predicted by de Gennes for semidilute polymer solutions.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230202
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 146
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbon-13 NMR relaxation and transitions in polymers (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 367-385 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: High-resolution proton-decoupled carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation parameters have been obtained as a function of temperature for a set of completely amorphous polymers, semicrystalline polymers, and a series of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers. With these samples the nature of the glass temperature, other postulated amorphous transitions, and the β transition were investigated. For the completely amorphous polymers, the average correlation times depend on temperature according to the Williams-Landel-Ferry relation. Spectral collapse occurs at temperatures whose ratio to Tg is in the range 1.2-1.4 and corresponds to a correlation time of about 10-7s. The loss of resolvable spectra is demonstrated to be a consequence of experimental methods and is not due to the occurrence of another amorphous transition. Both the methylene and methine carbons can be resolved for the ethylenevinyl acetate copolymers. Although the correlation time for the methylene carbon is continuous and resolvable through the β transition region, the methine branch-point resonance is lost. The implication of these results to the molecular nature of the β transition is discussed.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230211
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 147
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    NMR self-diffusion study of polyethylene and paraffin melts (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 387-404 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The self-diffusion coefficient D of paraffin and polyethylene melts - covering the range between N = 19 and 103 where N is the number of monomeric units - was measured by the pulsed-magnetic-field-gradient NMR method for diffusion times between 3 ms and 1 s. For the paraffins, D is proportional to N-2 though the molecular weights are smaller than the critical molecular weight for entanglement. In polyethylene, melts a strong dependence of the diffusion coefficient on the diffusion time is observed, whereas no such dependence is found in paraffin melts. A mathematical formalism for describing spin-echo attenuation in terms of a velocity autocorrelation function is shown to yield qualitative agreement with the experimental results.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230212
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 148
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rheo-optical Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy of polymers. VII. Uniaxial deformation of heat-set poly-(ethylene terephthalate) film (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 405-411 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) film was uniaxially stretched to a draw ratio of 2.5. Two samples were prepared from this oriented film by heat-setting it at 493 K while free to relax and when held at constant length. The structural changes occurring during uniaxial elongation up to fracture of these two oriented crystalline samples and their stress-strain characteristics were simultaneously monitored by rapid-scanning Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. In the free-annealed sample, the orientation of the molecules in the amorphous phase shows a gradual improvement throughout the test, while chain unfolding occurs above 20% strain. This indicates that the predominant mechanism of deformation in this sample could be chain uncoiling in the amorphous phase followed by longitudinal slip processes within the sample. In the taut-annealed sample, chain unfolding occurs at low strains accompanied by slight improvements in amorphous and crystalline orientation. Thus, in this sample longitudinal slip would appear to be the main deformation mechanism. The results of the FTIR measurements are discussed with reference to the dependence of the deformation mechanisms on the initial structure of the samples.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230213
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 149
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimation of crystalline tie molecules in ultradrawn polyethylene extrudates (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 429-435 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230215
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 150
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of pressure on the mechanical properties of polymers. IV. Measurements in torsion (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 623-651 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Stress relaxation was studied in torsion under superposed hydrostatic pressure using a newly constructed device. Two materials, a styrene-butadiene rubber and a butadiene rubber, were studied in the range from -60 to 30°C at pressures up to 500 MPa. The time-temperature-pressure superposition of the data can be described by the FMT form of the free-volume theory which uses input from relaxation experiments at high pressure. The applicability of the Havlíček-Ilavský-Hrouz form of the Adam-Gibbs theory was also examined. This theory, which does not require information from high-pressure relaxation experiments, offers less flexibility than the FMT theory and is less successful in predicting superposition. The data are also examined in light of an adaptation of the Simha-Somcynsky equation of state to the free-volume theory. Prediction of the effect of pressure by the theory requires a single adjustable parameter. It was possible to calculate the free-volume parameters of several polymers without use of information from high-pressure experiments.
    Additional Material: 23 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230403
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 151
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystallization in oriented poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibers. I. Fundamental aspects (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 653-674 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The nature of crystallization- and mobility-induced changes during annealing of melt-spun poly(ethylene terephthalate) precursor fibers of a range of orientations has been examined. The kinetics of crystallization and the accompanying orientational changes have been studied under conditions of constant, low tensile stress, with the accompanying dimensional changes and under a constraint against shrinkage in length, with the stress developed being monitored. The effects of precursor orientation and externally imposed constraints on the course of the fundamental crystallization and orientational relaxation processes are revealed. Oriented crystallization has been shown to have a significant effect on the stress developed and on the dimensions of oriented precursor fibers, with a strong tendency to spontaneously extend as a consequence of the reorientation of crystallizing segments predominantly along the preferred fiber direction. The sequence in which crystallization and major orientational relaxation, if any, occur is found to have a profound effect on the structure and thus the deformability of oriented fibers after annealing above the glass transition temperature.
    Additional Material: 20 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230404
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 152
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relaxation of chemical potential and a generalized diffusion equation (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 675-682 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The effect of slow structural relaxation in a solvent of high viscosity on the chemical potential driving the diffusion of penetrant molecules is described by a generalized diffusion equation with a memory term. The linearized version of this equation is solved for some special cases, and the correlation function of concentration fluctuations in thermodynamic equilibrium is calculated. As a result of the memory term, for very slow relaxation two different stages of the diffusion process can be distinguished.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230405
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 153
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Energy absorption in polymer crazing (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 683-693 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The total energy absorbed by a craze during its development in creep is analyzed and calculated on the basis of a time-dependent theory of crazing. Experimental measurements of the craze length have been utilized in the energy calculations. For polystyrene the initial energy absorption in the craze region is found to be several hundred times that in the uncrazed medium. This ratio decreases sharply in a short period of time to about 50 to 1 and less and remains low afterward. For polycarbonate, somewhat similar behavior has been found. The initial strain energy absorption by crazing is about 200 times that in the uncrazed region. The energy ratio reduces rapidly to about 55 to 1 and tends to level off thereafter. However, in general, the amount of strain energy absorbed does increase as a function of time, as it should.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230406
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 154
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bead-spring model for adsorbed polymer chains in shear flow: Hydrodynamic interaction (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 695-707 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: We consider the hydrodynamic interaction between two absorbed polymer chains in a simple shear flow, each modeled by a bead connected to the wall by a linear spring. It is concluded that hydrodynamic interaction between the beads or between the beads and the wall cannot be responsible for the experimentally observed increase in hydrodynamic thickness.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230407
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 155
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystallization of poly(m-xylylene adipamide) induced by sorption of water (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 743-750 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Sorption of water in quenched amorphous poly(m-xylylene adipamide) has been studied at 50°C. The sorption process is nearly Fickian at low humidity. At relative humidities higher than about 58%, however, extremely abnormal behavior, such as a decrease in moisture uptake and a change in appearance from transparent to opaque, is found. From x-ray diffraction analysis, these changes can be attributed to crystallization. Thermal analysis of moistened samples confirmed that the crystallization is due to a drop in crystallization temperature caused by sorption of water. From the relation between the reduction in moisture uptake and the increase in volumetric crystallinity, it is proposed that the change in moisture uptake is caused by the exclusion of water from the crystalline phase.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230410
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 156
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of the gas barrier properties of highly oriented polyethylene (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 709-731 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Measurements of permeability and diffusivity have been undertaken for the gases helium and oxygen in a range of highly oriented polyethylene films. The solubilities deduced for both gases are proportional to the amorphous volume fraction, showing that the noncrystalline regions are the transport medium in all instances. The changes in diffusion coefficient are more complex. A large reduction in diffusion coefficient is observed with increasing draw ratio, and this is particularly marked in the case of the larger oxygen molecule, where significant differences are also observed for different grades of polymer and different drawing conditions. These changes in diffusion coefficient are discussed in the light of previous studies of diffusion in polymers and present knowledge of the changes in structure produced by drawing.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230408
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 157
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural studies on the polymorphism of nylon 3 (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 733-742 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The structure and morphology of crystalline nylon 3 [poly(β-alanine)] have been studied by electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction. Two clearly defined forms are detected. Form I appears as spherulites made up of ribbonlike lamellae upon crystallization at high temperature from a solution in phenol-butanediol-1,4. They have monoclinic unit cell with a = 9.60 Å, c = 8.96 Å, and β = 122.5°. The hydrogen-bonded planes run parallel to the long dimension of the crystals. Form II is observed when the samples are prepared from formic acid solution at room temperature. A second type of spherulite with a microfibrillar structure is formed in this case. The isolated crystalline structures obtained from Form II appear to grow along the intersheet direction rather than along the hydrogen bond direction, which constitutes anomalous behaviour. Our results for this second form are consistent with an orthorhombic lattice with a = 9.56 Å and c = 7.56 Å. No clear information is obtained on the b dimension of the unit cell (chain axis) in either case. We assume a value of 4.78 Å, which corresponds to fully extended chains. The two forms coexist in films prepared from a formic acid-water solution as well as in samples recovered immediately after polymerization.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230409
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 158
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elastic moduli of ultradrawn polyethylene (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1759-1780 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The five independent elastic moduli C11, C12, C13, C33, and C44 of oriented high-density polyethylene with draw ratio λ from 1 to 27 have been determined from -60 to 100°C by an ultrasonic method at 10 MHz. At low temperature the sharp rise in the axial extensional modulus C33 with increasing λ and the slight changes in the other moduli result from chain alignment and the increase in the number of intercrystalline bridges connecting the crystalline blocks. At high temperature (say, 100°C) the transverse extensional modulus C11, as well as the axial (C44) and transverse (C66) shear moduli, also show substantial increases, reflecting the prominent reinforcing effect of stiff crystalline bridges in this temperature region where the amorphous matrix is rubbery. If the crystalline bridges are regarded as the fiber phase, the mechanical behavior can be understood in terms of the Halpin-Tsai equation for aligned short-fiber composites.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230903
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 159
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Statistical description of spherulite patterns (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1723-1748 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A statistical description of spherulitic morphology and its formation resulting from primary nucleation and radial propagation is presented. Two- and three-dimensional cases are considered. The general formulas are valid for any time-dependent mode of primary nucleation and can be modified for a time-dependent propagation rate. Various distance distributions of boundaries and inner points of the final pattern and at intermediate stages of its formation as well as the degree of conversion and the distance correlation of primary nuclei are derived. Detailed derivations are carried out for three model modes of primary nucleation, athermal, thermal, and mixed. It is also shown that the degree of conversion from mixed-mode nucleation does not follow the Avrami plot. The total surface of boundaries in bulk, total length of boundaries on a plane, and numbers of multiple boundary points are also calculated for all modes of primary nucleation. The relations are confirmed by computer simulation of primary nucleation and radial propagation of spherulites on a plane and in bulk.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230901
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 160
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Depolarization field effect on the ferroelectric behavior of polymers (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1781-1791 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The effect of the depolarization field in crystallites on the ferroelectric behavior of polymers is discussed on the assumption that the crystallite is a prolate ellipsoid with its major axis directed along the electric field. The theory relates the polarization P and the electric field E in the crystallite to the overall values P and E for the polymer. The determination of the P-E hysteresis of a crystallite from the P-E hysteresis is given with examples for poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and vinylidene fluoride (VDF)-trifluoroethylene (TrFE) copolymer. The ratio R = J/(Ps - P), with J the switching current density and Ps the saturation polarization of polymer, is proved to be free from the depolarization field effect and the plot of logR against logarithmic time is shown to have merit for characterization of switching behavior. Examples of the curves are given for PVDF and VDF-TrFE copolymers. The temporal change of local electric field in the unreversed domains in the crystallite in the course of polarization reversal is predicted by the theory and this change is proved to be a significant mechanism of switching acceleration.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230904
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 161
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sorption and diffusion of a tribasic acid dye in nylon 6 membrane in the presence of NaCl (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1813-1822 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Measurements of sorption and diffusion of a tribasic acid dye in nylon 6 membranes in the presence of NaCl are reported and critically analyzed by the dual-mode sorption and diffusion models consisting of either simple partition plus ion exchange, or simple partition plus “Langmuir” modes. It is shown that the former treatment, which is the physically more realistic one, also provides a generally better fit to the data.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230907
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 162
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rheological and DSC changes in poly(vinyl alcohol) gels induced by immersion in water (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1803-1811 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) gels were prepared by freezing and thawing aqueous solutions at temperatures from -20 to 15°C. The temperature was varied periodically by use of a computer. The endothermic DSC peak was observed for the PVA gels at about 60°C for five specimens of different degrees of saponification (DS). Another endothermic peak was also observed in the range 67-80°C, and this peak shifted to higher temperature with increasing DS. These endothermic peaks shifted to lower temperature on immersion of the PVA gels in water. The dynamic Young's modulus E′ at room temperature was also decreased by immersion of PVA gels in water; E′ decreased monotonically with increasing temperature for PVA gels without immersion in water, while it increased up to a certain temperature and then decreased with increasing temperature for PVA gels in water. The X-ray diffraction showed a characteristic crystalline pattern for PVA gels of higher DS, and this peak was intensified by stretching the gel.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230906
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 163
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of spin-lattice relaxation and local motion in dissolved poly[2,2-propanediylbis(3,5-dimethyl-4, hydroxyphenyl)carbonate] (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1793-1802 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Proton and carbon-13 spin-lattice relaxation times are reported for 10-wt % solutions of tetramethyl bisphenol-A polycarbonate. The relaxation times for both nuclei were measured at two Larmor frequencies and as a function of temperature. These relaxation times are interpreted in terms of three motions: segmental motion, restricted rotational diffusion, and backbone methyl-group rotation. The Hall-Helfand correlation function is used to describe the segmental motion. Internal rotation is described by the usual Woessner approach and restricted anisotropic rotational diffusion by the Gronski approach. As demonstrated by its higher activation energy, correlated segmental motion appears to be slower than the unsubstituted polycarbonate of BPA. In addition, the single-transition processes seem to be still less important than correlated backbone transitions. Phenylene-group rotation is described in terms of restricted rotational diffusion instead of complete anisotropic rotation. The time scale for backbone methyl-group rotation is comparable to that in BPA, a fact indicative of weaker cooperativity between this motion and the other motions. Rotation of the methyl group attached to the phenylene ring is too fast to significantly contribute to relaxation except by partially averaging the dipole-dipole interactions. The higher activation energies for segmental motion observed in solution for this methyl-substituted polycarbonate relative to the unsubstituted polycarbonate parallel a significant increase in the glass transition temperature observed for the substituted material. The restricted pheylene-group rotation in solution is also parallelled by a large upward shift of the low-temperature loss peak in the glassy polymer.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230905
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 164
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of molecular diffusion in the adhesion of EPDM and EPR elastomers (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1823-1830 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Adhesion of lightly crosslinked sheets of EPDM (ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer) to themselves and to a Mylar substrate has been investigated over wide ranges of peel rate and test temperature. The effect of incorporating ethylene-propylene copolymer (EPR) before crosslinking, to yield a loose macromolecular network containing dissolved linear EPR macromolecules, was also studied. The self-adhesion of these materials was found to be much greater than their adhesion to Mylar, over a wide range of effective peel rates. This is attributed to interdiffusion of EPR and EPDM molecular strands. At extremely low peel rates the enhancement of adhesion was smaller, probably because of back-diffusion, and at high rates, the strength of adhesion became high in all cases. These results are compared to those obtained previously for polyisobutylene-co- isoprene networks containing linear polyisobutylene molecules. The enhancement of self-adhesion at intermediate rates of peel was considerably greater for the EPDM-based materials, probably because of a lower degree of crosslinking and a greater tendency to form molecular entanglements.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230908
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 165
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential sorption in viscoelastic fluids (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1831-1855 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The diffusion of organic solvents in concentrated polymer solutions often deviates from the predictions of Fick's second law, especially when the solution is in the glassy state; such behavior is called anomalous or non-Fickian. This paper analyzes the one-dimensional sorption of a solvent into a concentrated polymer solution under a small driving force. The treatment includes the effect of an entanglement network on the process as postulated by Thomas and Windle. The deformation of the entanglement network during sorption creates a normal stress on the solvent equivalent to an osmotic pressure. Including the osmotic pressure gradient in the driving force for solvent diffusion leads to a linear, third-order partial differential equation for solvent concentration distributions. By evaluating the physical constants in the theory for the system methyl acetate/poly(methyl methacrylate) at 30°C the treatment is shown to predict the anomalous characteristics found experimentally.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230909
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 166
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A SAXS study of a single crack and craze in plasticized polystyrene (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1857-1867 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) was used to study the structure along a single craze that had broken down to form a crack along part of its length. This study was made possible by use of radiation from the synchrotron source CHESS which is sufficiently intense to permit examination of just a single craze. The total scattering from the craze was in excellent agreement with that expected from a knowledge of its dimensions and fibril volume fraction and width. This fact adds confidence to the interpretation of the scattering pattern of the craze as part diffraction, part reflection, and demonstrates that SAXS is a technique that may be used to measure craze volume within a sample. The craze was shown to grow in width by surface drawing with a constant structure, and then the fibrils broke to form a crack. The broken fibrils contracted and their diameters increased but they appeared to stay parallel with a constant fibril-axis radial distribution function.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230910
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 167
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Far-infrared studies of microphase separation in sulfonated ionomers (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1869-1881 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Far-infrared spectra of a series of un-neutralized and neutralized lightly sulfonated polystyrenes with varying sulfonation levels have been investigated to seek spectroscopic evidence for microphase separation known to control the physical properties of these polymers. Broad, strong absorbance bands, not found in the spectrum of unmodified polystyrene, are observed in the spectra of the sulfonated analogs. The effects on the far-infrared spectra both of sulfonation level and of the mass and charge of the neutralizing cation are discussed in terms of cation motion and the formation of ion-rich domains.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230911
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 168
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Small-angle scattering analysis of hard-microdomain structure and microphase mixing in polyurethane elastomers (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1883-1913 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The microdomain structure of a series of segmented polyurethane block copolymers is characterized by small-angle x-ray and neutron scattering analyses. The materials contain hard segments formed from 4,4′- diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and butanediol (BD), and range in hard-segment content from 20 to 80% by weight. The results provide evidence for a transition from discrete to continuous hard-microdomain morphology as the hard-segment content is increased above ca. 50%. The measured concentration dependences of the interdomain spacing, specific interfacial area, diffuse microphase boundary thickness, and scattering invariants are used to examine the validity of present models for hard-microdomain structure. The observed behavior corresponds well with the general predictions of a lamellar model wherein partially coiled hard-segment sequence configurations are allowed. The thickness of the hard microdomains extracted from the model corresponds to approximately four hard-segment repeat units. Scattering invariant calculations are used together with determinations of the soft-microphase glass transition temperatures to examine possible models for microdomain mixing. These calculations suggest that both the hard and soft microphases are phase mixed.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230912
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 169
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamic behavior of flexible polymers at a solid/liquid interface (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1997-2008 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The mean time spent by a macromolecule at a solid/liquid interface is analyzed in the region of adsorption saturation. The method consists of carrying out preliminary adsorption with radioactively labeled high-molecular-weight polyacrylamide and subsequently exposing the surface to a solution of unlabeled polyacrylamide. It was found that, apart from a small fraction of polymers “loosely” attached, the exchange between labeled and unlabeled polymers takes place at the interface at a very slow rate. Furthermore, desorption of surface molecules occurs only in the presence of a solution, and then the rate of desorption increases proportionally to the number of molecules in the solution. A mechanism based on a bimolecular chemical exchange process is proposed.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180231002
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 170
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Miscibility and deformation behavior in some thermoplastic polymer blends containing poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1975-1995 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Miscibility in blends of poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (PSAN) with several other polymeric components has been investigated over a range of compositions by means of thermal analysis and transmission electron microscopy. Systems in vestigated were (i) PSAN/polycarbonate (PC), (ii) PSAN/styrene-maleic anhydride-methyl methacrylate terpolymer (S/MA/MM), (iii) PSAN/polynorbornene nitrile (PNN), and (iv) PSAN//S/MA/MM//PC. PSAN/PC was demonstrated to be partially miscible in all proportions over the PSAN copolymer composition range 23-70 wt % AN, while the miscibility or lack thereof of PSAN//S/MA/MM depended on the relative AN and MA contents of the PSAN and S/MA/MM, respectively. In contrast, PSAN/PNN was found to be immiscible in all proporations, while the system PSAN//S/MA/MM//PC was shown to be partially miscible. Deformation studies performed on rubber-modified versions of these blends defined deformation mode and microstructural deformation behavior. Dual extensometer tensile testing yielded relative contributions of crazing and of plastic flow, which correlated both with blend composition and with toughness. TEM observations of deformed specimens indicated a deformation process in the multiphase matrix blends consisting of craze initiation and propagation in the rubber-containing phase, craze arresting in the ductile second matrix phase, and coordinated extensive deformation of the matrix phases and of the rubber particles, where the ability to support the latter coordinated forms of deformation were observed to increase with increasing proportion of plastically deforming phase.
    Additional Material: 23 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180231001
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 171
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for sorption-desorption phenomena during thermal cycling in highly hydrated perfluorinated membranes (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 2009-2020 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Perfluorinated ionomer membranes can absorb large amounts of water. DSC experiments show the existence of exothermic or endothermic peaks for water contents larger than 8 wt % at room temperature in Nafion 1200 EW in the acid form. Changes in the number of mobile protons versus temperature have been measured by NMR spectroscopy. A desorption process with an activation energy of 6 kcal/mol is proposed during the sample cooling. Such an explanation quantitatively explains both the DSC and NMR results and is also consistent with the other results obtained from mechanical experiments, low-temperature sorption isotherms, and ESR spectroscopy.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180231003
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 172
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of the geometric structure of three substituted polyacetylenes: Polymethylacetylene, polypentylacetylene, and poly(tbutylacetylene) (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 2031-2041 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The geometric structure of polymethylacetylene (PMA), polypentylacetylene (PPA), and poly(t-butylacetylene) (PTA) was investigated by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and IR spectroscopies. It was shown that both NMR techniques can be used to determine the trans isomer content of PPA and PTA, whereas the 1H NMR and IR methods can be used for PMA. A calibration curve was constructed by using the 965- and 720-cm-1 bands of the IR spectrum of PPA, and could be used in future work for the same purpose if the samples had molecular weights similar to that of the one used in this study. The isomerization kinetics of PTA was investigated and cis→ trans activation energies of 88 and 121 kJ/mol were calculated in solution and in the solid state, respectively. Heat treatment of the PMA and PPA samples always leads to a cis→ trans isomerization with a 100% trans content under extreme conditions. Moreover, a cis→ trans isomerization of PTA was induced in CCl4, CDCl3, toluene, and benzene, but a trans→ cis isomerization was induced in decalin. The reversible isomerization of PTA covered a trans isomer concentration ranging form 25 to 60%.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180231005
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 173
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectroscopic study of α- and β-phase isotactic polypropylene and of atactic polypropylene in solution (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 2043-2057 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Raman spectroscopy is used to investigate the conformation and packing of isotactic crystalline α-phase polypropylene compared with lower-order β-phase isotactic polypropylene and to study the solution behavior of atactic polypropylene. The high-frequency region of the spectrum is analyzed in light of a normal-mode calculation that takes into account the methyl-group vibrations. This region is sensitive to both chain conformation and packing, and because of the high intensity of the methyl and methylene high-frequency stretching modes, it can be used to probe small changes in intermolecular or intramolecular order. Differences in the thermal behavior between the two solid isotactic polypropylene samples are explained interms of packing defects which exist in the β-phase form. In the solution study, we demonstrate that, for molecules in which bands sensitive to intermolecular interactions exist, as is the case of the methyl and methylene vibrations of polypropylene, spectroscopic techniques can be used to estimate the minimum overlap concentration.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180231006
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 174
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of spherulitic truncation on small-angle light scattering (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 2059-2084 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The effects of spherulitic truncation on the Hv small-angle light-scattering (SALS) patterns are determined by computer simulation of spherulite nucleation and growth. The simulation is carried out for simultaneous and sporadic nucleation of two-dimensional spherulites and simultaneous nucleation of three-dimensional spherulites. The scattered intensity differences between truncated spherulites and round spherulites are determined as functions of the type of growth and the volume (or area) fraction of spherulites. Methods for the determination of certain geometrical characteristics of spherulites systems by SALS are developed. These characteristics include the volume (or area). fraction of spherulites, the average spherulite radius, and the average spherulite volume (or area). The results of this study are essential in the quantitative analysis of Hv SALS from spherulitic systems. The simulation process is readily extendable to the examination of other morphological phenomena by SALS.
    Additional Material: 19 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180231007
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 175
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative small-angle light scattering studies of the melting of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 2085-2107 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Quantitative Hv small-angle light-scattering (SALS) studies of the melting of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) have been performed. The results are compared with those from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It is found that fully grown spherulites melt over a temperature range of about 20°C without change in spherulite size, number, or internal disorder. The decrease in Hv SALS intensity is due to a decrease in spherulitic crystallinity over the melting range. The corrected experimental intensities are lower than, but in reasonable agreement with, the theoretically predicted intensities based on the DSC results. Procedures are presented for the quantitative analysis of Hv SALS intensities from spherulitic systems, including the corrections for the experimental, external disorder, and internal disorder effects.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180231008
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 176
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal and mechanical properties of short-segment block copolyesters and copolyether-esters (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 2119-2147 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The effects of chain structure and processing variables on the microstructure and linear viscoelastic behavior of a series of copolyether-ester block polymers are described. In addition, the random copolyester analogs of the hard block are examined. The ester segments are composed of two isomers, poly(tetramethylene terephthalate) (PTMT) and poly(tetramethylene isophthalate) (PTMI), which possess significantly different crystallization kinetics. The ratio of PTMT to PTMI in the series has been systematically varied to alter the crystallizability without changing the chemical composition. The results of differential scanning calorimetry, wide-angle x-ray diffraction, and dynamic mechanical characterization are presented. Copolymerization of a second ester shortens the average sequence length of the first ester, resulting in melting-point depression for crystals of the first polyester and substantial lowering of the dynamic mechanical storage modulus above the glass transition of the intercrystalline phase. The melting-point depression may be predicted by using Flory's model for random copolymers, but the calculated heats of fusion are significantly lower than those obtained from diluent melting-point depression.
    Additional Material: 20 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180231010
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 177
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Melting of water/poly(ethylene oxide) systems (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 2149-2158 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The transition temperatures of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)/water systems were studied over the temperature range from -90 to 110°C by differential scanning calorimetry. The composition of the systems and the average molecular weight of the PEO were varied over a wide range. The systems under study tend to supercool and become partially or completely glassy depending on the cooling rate, composition, and PEO molecular weight. The glassy phases crystallize on being heated above their glass transition temperature. Systems containing about 60 wt % of PEO are most readily super cooled without crystallization. The dependence of melting temperatures and enthalpies on composition was studied and their isobar phase diagrams were drawn. They show that at a definite polymer content (about 50 wt %), which is molecular weight dependent, the systems behave as binary eutectic mixtures. The results confirm the idea that PEO forms quite stable molecular complexes with water.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180231011
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 178
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relation of internal rotational isomerism barriers to the flow activation energy of entangled polymer melts in the high-temperature Arrhenius region (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 2159-2180 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A strong correlation between internal rotational isomerism barriers and the flow activation energy of entangled polymer melts in the high-temperature Arrhenius region is observed. This correlation is predicted by a coupling model but is not expected by any other model that we are aware of.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180231012
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 179
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glass and subglass transitions in a series of poly(itaconate ester)s with methyl-terminated poly(ethylene oxide) side chains (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 2181-2191 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A series of poly(itaconate ester)s containing methyl-terminated poly(ethylene oxide) side chains with lengths ranging from 1 to 5 ethylene oxide units has been synthesized. Both heat capacity Cp and dynamic mechanical measurements have been carried out on these polymers using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and torsional braid analysis (TBA), respectively. The resulting data for this polymer series are discussed, and comparisons are made with work previously published for the corresponding di-n-alkyl itaconate ester polymers where appropriate.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180231013
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 180
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymerization of furil in the solid state by reaction with AsF5 at the solid-gas interface (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 2193-2201 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Solid-state polymerization of furil, induced by reaction with AsF5 at the solid-gas interface, has been investigated by means of vibrational analysis of the reactant and the product. Infrared spectra are consistent with the mode of Polymerization which involves an α,α′ linkage and subsequent loss of hydrogen atoms. The C/H elemental analysis suggests that the polymer consists of around six or seven monomeric units. The reaction product is found to be unstable at high temperatures; a prolonged annealing at this temperature leads to a different structure, possibly, by the opening of the furan rings. The x-ray powder diffraction study shows that the polymeric furil is crystalline, with a lattice similar to that of the monomer, but contains a considerable amount of disorder.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180231014
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 181
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectroscopic studies of polymerized surfactants: 1,2-bis(10,12-tricosadiynoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 2203-2216 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Spectroscopic studies have been performed on aqueous dispersions of the surfactant 1,2-bis(10,12-tricosadiynoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine before and after polymerization with ul-traviolet light. Monomers of this lipid can, under certain conditions, convert from the expected spherical liposomal form to a unique phase consisting of hollow tubules. To determine the molecular conformation of these structures we have used Raman and infrared spectroscopies to probe the structure of the hydrocarbon chains and head groups of the lipids, and used absorption spectroscopy and resonance enhanced Raman scattering of the colored polymer to monitor the length and structure of the diacetylenic polymer backbone. Unusual C—H stretch-ing Raman bands imply that the hydrocarbon chain packing in the monomeric bilayers is different from that observed in other phosphatidylcholines, and that a distrubance in alkyl chain packing occurs on polymerization. Depending on irradiation conditions and the dispersal state of the lipid the polymer chains may be of at least three different colors, from which distinct resonance Raman spectra are obtained. The effective bond conjugation lengths range from quite short in the yellow polymer produced in sonicated vesicles to extremely long in a blue component seen in polymerized tubules.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180231015
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 182
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dependence of chain conformation and solution thermodynamics on composition for poly(ortho ester)s prepared from ketene acetals and mixtures of diols (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 2217-2226 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The solution properties of a series of random copolymers prepared from ketene acetals with mixtures of diols have been characterized by dilute solution light scattering, chromatographic, and viscometric techniques. Five solvents with refractive indices ranging from 1.4 to 1.5 were used to obtain the correct weight average molecular weight. Changes in the unperturbed radius of gyration, obtained by combined size exclusion chromatography and low-angle light scattering techniques, parallelled that predicted by simple considerations of changes in repeat unit size. Thus the relative contributions of differing copolymer-solvent interactions and changing unperturbed radii of gyration to the hydrodynamic volume of random copolymers of different compositions were evaluated.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180231016
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 183
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cyclization of methacrylate-functional silane on particulate clay (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 2227-2242 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Physically absorbed γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (γ-MPS) deposited from aqueous alcohol on particulate clay exists as low-molecular-weight cyclic, caged polysilsesquioxanes. These structures are incapable of forming high-molecular-weight chains or networks because of this internal cyclization tendency. The behavior is extremely different from that found in bulk solutions or when organofunctional silanes are adsorbed on low-surface-area glass or metal substrates. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography were used to characterize the silane species deposited in bulk and on the surface of particulate clay. The cyclization tendency is postulated from analysis of the behavior of hydrolyzed γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane upon cocondensation with other organofunctional silanes and under variable cure conditions.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180231101
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 184
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative study of dielectric, mechanical, and nuclear magnetic relaxations of linear polyethylene. I. Broad-line NMR investigation of the fine structure of the α and γ loss bands observed by dielectric and mechanical measurements (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 787-808 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Detailed investigation of the linewidth, second moment, and mobile fraction by straightline decomposition of NMR spectra of linear polyethylene from ca. -160 to ca. 100°C reveals five molecular processes denoted γ1, γ2, β, α′, and α. Relaxation maps show that the γ1, γ2, and β processes correspond to the dielectric and mechanical relaxations given the same names, while the α and α′ processes correspond respectively to the mechanical α2 process due to molecular motion in the interior of crystals and to the dielectric α process. Close relations are found between the mass fractions of protons for the γ1 and β processes and also between those for the γ2 and α′ processes. From the effects of diluent on these processes and the annealing-time dependence of mass fractions of protons, the γ1, and β processes are attributed to two modes of molecular motion in an interlamellar amorphous region, while the γ2 and α′ processes are attributed to motions in the lamellar surface layers. The surface-layer thickness obtained by applying the two-phase model for the data on mobile fraction agrees quite well with that reported in the literature. The Bergmann-Nawotki three-component analysis of NMR spectra and symmetric-line decomposition for determining mobile fraction are shown to be unsuitable for studying the fine structure of the α and γ loss bands.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230413
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 185
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of tacticity on Tβ, Tg, and TLL in poly(methyl methacrylate)s by the method of thermally stimulated current (TSC) (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 889-916 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The thermally stimulated-current method (TSC) has been employed to determine the temperatures and intensities of Tβ, Tg, and T 〉 Tg for pure isotactic, pure syndiotactic, and five atactic specimens with syndiotactic triad content from 49.5 to 75%; Tg was found to increase linearly with syndiotactic triad content as Tg (°C) = 48.0 + 0.856 (% syn), with R2 = 0.970 standard error 5.6°C; Tg for the syndiotactic specimen is 136.6°C measured, 133.6°C calculated. Several atactic specimens exhibit a second glass temperature 15 to 35 K above the regression line ascribed to some pure syndio content, and/or some isotactic-syndiotactic stereocomplexes. All specimens exhibited the liquid-liquid or TLL transition (relaxation) which increases linearly with 100-% isotactic triad content. Isotactic PMMA shows a T′LL relaxation 50 K above TLL. The Tg and TLL values obtained correlate extremely well with values from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) determined in a separate study, as well as with most literature data. Intensities of Tg and TLL by TSC are greatest for isotactic, next for syndiotactic, with a broad, low minimum for atactic materials. The intensity of a β relaxation increases slowly from isotactic to syndiotactic. The TLL found by TSC compares well with literature values for isotactic PMMA obtained by several methods, and TLL in the atactic region compares well with literature values for atactic material. The ratio TLL/Tg ranges from 1.09 to 1.20 with no dependence on tacticity. Tg follows simple Arrhenius behavior with enthalpies of activation about one-half of the values normally calculated from dielectric and mechanical loss. The frequency dependences of TLL and T′LL follow a Vogel-WLF relationship with temperature. The origin of TLL is discussed in terms of the Frenkel hypothesis of segment-segment interaction. Evidence for TLL and TLL from a variety of methods indicates that these two temperatures are not artifacts of the TSC method.
    Additional Material: 20 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230505
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 186
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymer migration in newtonian fluids (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 955-971 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The theory of Freed and Edwards is used to investigate polymer migration in nonhomogeneous flow fields with confined geometry. Polymer migration from the main flow originates in three effects: (i) nonhomogeneous flow-field effect, (ii) the confined-geometry effect, and (iii) the concentration effect. General correlation function formulas for these three effects are explicitly derived. Some specific examples are illustrated and solved by using the harmonic dumbbell and Rouse-Zimm models.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230509
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 187
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conformational behavior of styrene-dymethylsiloxane block copolymers in dilute solution (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 991-1000 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: To determine the behavior of a copolymer is dilute solution, a viscosity study has been performed on a polystyrene-polydimethylsiloxane block copolymer in three solvents presenting different thermodynamic conditions. The results are discussed in relation to a mixture of homopolymers and a segregated model. The unperturbed dimensions, obtained by the Stock-mayer-Fixman method, are intermediate between those of the parent homopolymers. The intrinsic viscosity measured in a good solvent, toluene, was close to the weighted averages of those of the corresponding homopolymers of equal molecular weight, but higher in decalin and in butanone, θ solvents for PS and PDMS, respectively. According to the low value obtained for the interaction parameter, the chain is slightly expanded as a result of the interactions between the unlike monomer units. Both segregation and random conformation would probably occur, depending on the quality of the solvent.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230511
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 188
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of the interphase on block copolymer thermodynamics: Extension of the leary model (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1001-1029 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The Leary-Williams model for the microphase thermodynamics of triblock ABA copolymers has been modified to accommodate deviations from homogeneous random-coil configurations in the B-chain dimensions as well as in those of the A chains, and has also been extended to cover the case of diblock AB copolymers. Only planar morphology is considered, but qualitative conclusions reported herein are expected to hold for other morphologies as well. The focus is on interphase thickness ΔT, with predictions made also for separation temperature Ts and planar repeat distance D. Results are presented as systematic functions of copolymer composition (0 ≤ φA ≤ 1), total molar volume (25,000 ≤ Ṽ ≤ 4 × 106 cm3/g mol), block architecture (AB vs. ABA), temperature (298, 373 K), and for five different interphase composition profiles. In most cases, A represents a polystyrene block and B a butadiene block in these calculations. Predictions for ΔT increase with temperature and depend on architecture, profile, and Ṽ; comparisons with data are close, in the range 15-30Å. It is shown that Ts depends strongly on profile choice and φA, reaching a maximum in the φA midrange but always with φA 〉 0.5. The major parameter influencing D (at constant Ṽ) is architecture, with D(SB) ≈ 2D(SBS), and D(Ṽ) varies from D ∝ Ṽ0.75 at low Ṽ to D ∝ Ṽ0.5 at high Ṽ.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230512
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 189
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological studies of liquid-crystalline cellulose derivatives. I. Liquid-crystalline characteristics of hydroxypropyl cellulose in 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate solutions and in polymer composites prepared by bulk polymerization (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1043-1052 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The formation of liquid-crystalline structure in hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) in the solvent 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) is described. In addition, an attempt is made to preserve the ordered structure of HPC in a composite by polymerizing the solvent. Optical evidence, including refractive index, absorption spectra, polarized-light microscopy, and x-ray diffraction, indicates that HPC-HEMA solutions exhibit the cholesteric nature of the mesophase over limited concentration and temperature ranges. The polymer composite (HPC-PHEMA) prepared from the liquid-crystalline solution by polymerization of HEMA is endowed with anisotropic organization reflecting liquid-crystalline character. Detailed morphological observations of the composite by electron microscopy show many round particles composed of parallel-stacked, disklike lamellae, and aggregate bodies developed by coalescence of neighboring particles.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230514
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 190
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stress-optical behavior of poly(cis/trans-1, 4-cyclohexane dimethanol-alt-formaldehyde) (PCDO) networks (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1031-1041 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Two samples of poly(cis/trans-1,4-cyclohexane dimethanol-alt-formaldehyde), having fractions of trans configuration of cyclohexylene rings Ft = 0.1 and 0.7, were synthesized by polycondensation of the appropriate mixtures of glycols with paraformaldehyde. These two samples were crosslinked by a chemical reaction using 2,4-bis(p-isocyanatebenzyl) phenylisocyanate as the crosslinking agent. The stress-optical behavior of the resulting networks was studied at several temperatures in the range 10-80°C. The values of the optical configuration parameter Δα were 9.9 and 7.2 in units of 10-24 cm3 for Ft = 0.7 and 0.1, respectively. The temperature coefficient of this quantity was roughly zero. Theoretical analysis, performed using the rotational isomeric state model, proved that the only parameters that have an appreciable effect on the calculated values of Δα are those concerning the cyclohexane ring (i.e., Ft and the optical parameter ΓCC = ΔαCC - 2ΔαCH). Conformational energies, geometrical parameters, and contributions to the optical anisotropies from the oxymethylene oxide have no noticeable effect on the value of Δα calculated for the polymer. In fact, values of Δα calculated for the polymer at Ft = 0 and 1 are very close to those obtained, respectively, for cis and trans cyclohexane dimethylene. The theoretical values of Δα are roughly one order of magnitude lower than the experimental results; however, the theory reproduces satisfactorily both the variation of Δα with Ft and its temperature coefficient.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230513
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 191
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An investigation of the effect of sample preparation on the thermal behavior and the small-angle x-ray scattering of a polyurethane block copolymer (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1065-1077 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The effect of varying sample preparation parameters on the thermal behavior and on the small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) properties of a polyether polyurethane were investigated. The polyurethane studied was a methylene bis(p-phenyl isocyanate) (MDI)/butanediol/poly(tetramethylene oxide) (PTMO) system synthesized in a 6/5/1 mole ratio by a two-step solution polymerization. The PTMO had a nominal molecular weight of 2000. The samples were compression molded under different conditions for the SAXS experiments. The preparation parameters studied included molding time and temperature, sample thickness, and quenching rate from the molding temperature. The molding temperature has the greatest effect on the SAXS data. In this case the domain size was observed to increase as the molding temperature increased from 130 to 200°C. The thermal properties were also found to be strongly dependent on the molding temperature, as measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). An endotherm related to the annealing that occurs during the molding process appears in each sample near the molding temperature. The other preparation parameters have little or no effect on the SAXS and thermal properties of this sample.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230516
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 192
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamic structure factor of a dilute solution of dumbbells in simple shear flow (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1079-1083 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230517
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 193
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanochemical reactions in an epoxy resin system (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1087-1097 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Mechanical degradation of the MY720/Eporal (CIBA GEIGY) epoxy resin system was investigated by stress mass spectrometry. Resin coupons were strained to fracture in a unique mass spectrometer system in which the clamping jaws of an Instron tensile tester are located inside the ion-source housing of a time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Several compounds are released at the instant of fracture. However, only one compound, SO2, is not an impurity in either the starting material or the cured resin. A sensitive gas-chromatographic technique was used to search for SO2 indigenous to the starting material and the unstressed cured resin. The data indicate that SO2 is a mechanochemical reaction product generated during main-chain bond cleavage of the glassy epoxy resin network.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230601
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 194
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of heating rate on the melting of polytetrafluoroethylene (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1177-1185 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: When virgin polytetrafluoroethylene is heated at intermediate rates, two melting peaks are observed. As the heating rate is increased, the higher-temperature peak grows at the expense of the lower-temperature one without any significant change in the total heat of fusion. It is suggested that the higher-temperature peak represents a transition to a strained melt which subsequently changes to the more stable equilibrium melt. After recrystallization from the melt, there is only a single melting peak which occurs at a lower temperature than peaks for the virgin polymer. All of these transitions are subject to superheating.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230609
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 195
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The determination of longitudinal crystal moduli in polymers by spectroscopic methods (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1201-1215 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Experimental methods for determining longitudinal crystal moduli of polymers were evaluated in light of recent proceesing methods that produced macroscopic Young's moduli which exceeded ultimate values as found by the x-ray diffraction method. The spectroscopic techniques of Raman and coherent inelastic neutron scattering yielded higher longitudinal crystal moduli than x-ray diffraction, and from calculations described herein it is concluded that these spectroscopic values are better estimates of the maximum Young's moduli in fully aligned and crystalline polymeric materials.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230612
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 196
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular interactions in the poly(vinyl chloride)-di-n-butylphthalate system determined by infrared spectroscopy (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1187-1192 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Infrared studies of the poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)/di-n-butylphthalate (DBP) system are reported. Spectra of DBP in different solvents seem to be indicative of the ability of DBP to interact with PVC chains in the same way as with polyesters and of competitive interactions between DBP molecules and DBP with PVC. Plots of the width at half-height of the carbonyl stretching vibration, measured at 25 and at -180°C, as a function of composition, show a sudden change of slope at about 60% PVC concentration by weight, indicating that above this polymer composition interaction between DBP and PVC dominates that between DBP molecules. This change corresponds to a “singularity” observed in the dependence of the glass transition temperature on composition.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230610
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 197
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Orientation behavior of high-modulus polyoxymethylene produced by microwave heating drawing (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1193-1200 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The orientation behavior of high-modulus polyoxymethylene tapes produced by tensile drawing with microwave heating has been investigated over the draw ratio range 10-29. Young's modulus E increases monotonically with draw ratio λ and reaches 55 GPa. The volume fraction of taut tie molecules (TTMs) in the amorphous phase has been estimated by using a Takayanagi model for oriented tapes. The increase in E at draw ratios of less than 10 is mainly due to the increase in crystalline orientation (crystalline orientation function, 0.00 → 0.99). The increase in E at draw ratios of more than 10 is due to the increase both in crystallinity (volume-fraction crystallinity, 0.84 → 0.95) and in TTM (TTM fraction, 0.14 → 0.40). The maximum Young's modulus obtainable by this method of drawing is estimated to be ca. 72 GPa from the relation between 1/E and 1/λ2.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230611
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 198
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interpretation of photon correlation spectroscopy data: A comparison of analysis methods (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1393-1447 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Properties of solutions and colloidal suspensions such as molecular and particle dynamics, diffusivities, and size distributions may be determined through dynamic light-scattering experiments. Here a number of methods for predicting the details of the linewidth distribution from photon correlation spectroscopy data are reviewed. Their performance on simulated data (with and without noise added) and experimental data from polystyrene latex standards (including a mixture of two standards) is compared. Methods which do not assume a specific form for the distribution are considered. These include cumulants, histograms, exponential sampling, subdistributions, a non-negatively constrained histogram, and Provencher's constrained regularization. Constrained regularization was found to be most robust to noise present in the autocorrelation function and therefore most reliable for analyzing experimental data; however, the method sometimes oversmoothed the distribution. For bimodal distributions the histogram method performed well in our testing, especially when the approximate peak locations were known a priori. Two linear least-squares fitting methods, exponential sampling and the non-negatively constrained histogram, yield accurate values for the overall mean and standard deviation and can be implemented easily on a microcomputer. The linear subdistribution method, although computationally fast, sometimes was not as accurate as other methods.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230707
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 199
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Small-angle polarized light scattering by spherulites (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1467-1476 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The light-scattering matrix for a three-dimensional spherulite is derived within the Ray-leigh-Gans-Debye light-scattering approximation. New expressions for the polarized, small-angle light-scattering intensities IVV and IVH are derived from the scattering matrix. These expressions are compared with the IVV and IVH expressions derived for a spherulite by Stein and Rhodes. For the case of a weakly anisotropic spherulite having an average refractive index mismatch with its surroundings, the two sets of expressions predict different IVV and IVH intensities. In particular, our expressions show that the IVVand IVH patterns usually attributed to the spherulitic anisotropy and crystallinity are also predicted for an isotropic sphere. This is in accord with recent experiments.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230709
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 200
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystallographic changes in cryogenically pulverized polymers (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1449-1466 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Cryogenic pulverization of polymers in liquid nitrogen results in a variety of physical and chemical changes, of which crystallographic transformations are among the earliest. These have been investigated in detail for isotactic polystyrene using x-ray and calorimetric techniques. Amorphization was found to occur rapidly, but with concomitant decreases in crystallite sizes of only a limited extent. These changes can to a large degree be reversed upon annealing at high temperature. Similar behavior is seen also in other polymers possessing stronger intermolecular cohesion, such as polyesters and polyamides. In polymers susceptible to mechanically induced phase transformations, cryogenic pulverization causes polymorphic changes en route to amorphization: these include formation of the monoclinic phase in polyethylene and of the β phase in poly(vinylidene fluoride). Based on these results, a model is proposed for the mechanism of pulverization that incorporates both thermal and mechanical effects; this model suggests a two-phase structure of the pulverized, particles, consisting of an amorphous skin that surrounds a damaged crystalline core.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230708
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...