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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Endokrine Ophthalmopathie ; Ultrasonographie ; Computertomographie ; Fischbioassay ; Graves' ophthalmopathy ; Ultrasonography ; Computed tomography ; Fish bioassay
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In 35 patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) thyroid function was tested by T3-RIA, T4-RIA, TBI, TRH-test, thyroid scanning, and determination of thyroid autoantibodies. Additional ultrasonography (A-scan), computed tomography (CT) of the orbit, and the determination of an exophthalmogenic serum activity in fish bioassay was performed. Typical alterations for GO were observed in 26 cases with ultrasonography. CT showed an enlargement of medial and/or lateral rectus muscles in 24 of 33 patients, and in 17 cases a region of high density in the apex of the muscle cone. The density of retrobulbar fat after i.v. injection of contrast medium did not differ significantly from that observed in normal men. Characteristic signs of GO were not detected in only 2 cases using both methods together. Exophthalmogenic serum activity was found in the IgG fraction of serum protein. The incidence rate was high (69%), but for diagnostic purpose the fish bioassay cannot be recommended.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei 35 Patienten mit endokriner Ophthalmopathie (eO) wurde zu den Parametern der Schilddrüsenfunktion (T3, T4, TBI, TRH-Test), dem Szintigramm und der Bestimmung der Schilddrüsenantikörper ergänzend die Ultrasonographie (A-scan) und Computertomographie (CT) der Orbita, sowie der Nachweis exophthalmogener Serumaktivität im Fischbioassay durchgeführt. Charakteristische Sonogramme für eine eO fanden sich in 26 Fällen. Die CT ergab bei 24 von 33 Patienten die Verdickung der musculi recti mediales und/oder der musculi recti laterales, sowie bei 17 Patienten eine Verdichtung im Bereich der Orbitaspitze. Im retrobulbären Bindegewebe zeigte sich nach Kontrastmittelgabe keine signifikante Dichtezunahme. Mit beiden Verfahren zusammen waren nur bei 2 Patienten die Kriterien einer eO nicht erfüllt. Die exophthalmogene Serumaktivität wurde in der IgG-Fraktion im Fischbioassay nachgewiesen; die Trefferquote war mit 69% relativ hoch. Zur Diagnostik der eO kann jedoch der Fischbioassay nicht empfohlen werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 58 (1980), S. 1215-1216 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Nephrotisches Syndrom ; Gesamtcholesterin im Urin ; Protein im Urin ; Nephrotic syndrome ; Urinary total cholesterol ; Urinary protein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The excretion of protein and cholesterol in 24 h urine was measured in 42 patients with the nephrotic syndrome. The finding of a positive correlation (r=0.76,p〈0.01) between urinary cholesterol and urinary protein would be compatible with an enhanced glomerular filtration of plasma lipoproteins as the cause of lipiduria in the nephrotic syndrome.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei 42 Patienten mit nephrotischem Syndrom wurde die Protein- und Cholesterinausscheidung im 24 Stundenurin gemessen. Die gefundene positive Korrelation (r=0,76,p〈0,01) zwischen Cholesterin und Protein im Urin wäre vereinbar mit einer gesteigerten glomerulären Filtration von Plasmalipoproteinen als Ursache der Lipidurie beim nephrotischen Syndrom.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 60 (1982), S. 477-478 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Autonomous thyroid nodules ; Oral TRH test ; Results ; Autonomes Adenom ; Oraler TRH-Test ; Ergebnisse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei 17 Patienten mit kompensierten autonomen Adenomen der Schilddrüse wurden TRH-Teste mit 200 µg i.v. und 40 mg oral durchgeführt. Bei 9 Patienten war TSH 30 min nach TRH i.v. normal (〉2.7 µU/ml), dagegen zeigten 8 Patienten einen subnormalen (〈2.7 µU/ml) oder fehlenden TSH-Anstieg. Nach verlängerter Stimulation mit 40 mg TRH oral war TSH 120–180 min bei 15 Patienten im Normbereich (〉2.7 µU/ml) und nur bei 2 Patienten subnormal (〈2.7 µU/ml). Bei 20 Patienten mit dekompensierten autonomen Adenomen der Schilddrüse lag TSH sowohl nach i.v. als auch nach oraler TRH-Stimulation in allen Fällen unter der Nachweisgrenze (〈0.8 µU/ml). Die Befunde sprechen dafür, daß der orale TRH-Test geeigneter ist als der i.v. TRH-Test, um zwischen kompensierten und dekompensierten autonomen Adenomen der Schilddrüse zu unter-scheiden.
    Notes: Summary In 17 patients with compensated autonomous adenomas of the thyroid, iv thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) tests (200 µg) and oral TRH tests (40 mg) were performed. In nine of these patients, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) 30 min after iv TRH showed a normal (〉2.7 µU/ml) and in eight patients a subnormal (〈2.7 µU/ml) or negative response. However, after prolonged oral stimulation with 40 mg TRH, after 120–180 min TSH was normal (〉2.7 µU/ml) in 15 and subnormal (〈2.7 µU/ml) in two patients. In 20 patients with decompensated autonomous thyroid nodules, TSH was not detectable (〈0.8 µU/ml) after iv or oral TRH stimulation. Therefore, the oral TRH stimulation test seemed to be superior to the iv TRH test in the discrimination of compensated and decompensated autonomous adenomas of the thyroid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Atrial natriuretic factor ; Water immersion ; Human subjects ; Plasma levels
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Urinary cholesterol ; Diagnostic value ; Diseases of the urogenital system ; Cholesterin im Urin ; diagnostischer Wert ; Erkrankungen des Urogenitalsystems
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Gaschromatographische Bestimmungen von unverestertem und Gesamtcholesterin im Urin wurden bei 137 Normalpersonen, 264 Patienten mit verschiedenen internen Erkrankungen, ohne Hinweis für ein Malignom oder eine Erkrankung der Nieren und ableitenden Harnwege, 479 Patienten mit Malignomen und 236 Patienten mit Erkrankungen der Niere, Infektionen der ableitenden Harnwege oder Prostataadenom mit Restharn, durchgeführt. Ein Normalbereich ( $$\bar X$$ log±2 SD) von 0.2–2.2 mg/24 Stunden für unverestertes Cholesterin und von 0.3–3.0 mg/24 Stunden für Gesamtcholesterin wurde errechnet. Die Ausscheidung des Cholesterins im Urin war unabhängig vom Alter und Geschlecht und korrelierte nicht mit den Cholesterinwerten im Plasma. Patienten mit verschiedenen internen Erkrankungen, ohne Hinweis für ein Malignom oder eine Erkrankung der Nieren und ableitenden Harnwege, zeigten eine normale Cholesterinausscheidung im Urin, wie auch Patienten mit Harnwegsinfektionen. Dagegen wurden ein erhöhtes Urincholesterin bei Patienten mit Nierenerkrankungen oder Prostataadenomen mit Restharn, malignen Erkrankungen des Urogenitaltrakts, sowie bei metastasierenden Mammacarcinomen beobachtet. Bei Patienten mit Malignomen anderer Lokalisation war die Cholesterinausscheidung im Urin gewöhnlich normal. Läsionen von Zellmembranen des Urothels können als die wahrscheinlichste Ursache einer gesteigerten Cholesterinausscheidung im Urin angesehen werden. Der klinische Wert der Cholesterinbestimmung im Urin als möglicher Screeningtest für Urogenitalcarcinome in unselektierten Populationen ist begrenzt durch fehlende Spezifität, aufwendige Methodik und insbesondere die niedrige Prävalenz der erwähnten Carcinome, obwohl erhöhte Cholesterinausscheidungen im Urin auch in Frühstadien von Urogenitalcarcinomen beobachtet werden konnten.
    Notes: Summary Gas-liquid chromatographic determinations of nonesterified and total urinary cholesterol were performed in 137 normals, 264 patients with various internal diseases without evidence of neoplasias or diseases of the kidney or urinary tract, 497 patients with malignancies and 236 patients with diseases of the kidney, urinary tract infections or prostatic adenoma with residual urine. A normal range (mean±2 SD) of 0.2–2.2 mg/24 hours nonesterified cholesterol (NEC) and of 0.3–3.0 mg/24 hours total cholesterol (TC) was calculated. Values of urinary cholesterol excretion were independent of age and sex and did not correlate with cholesterol levels in plasma. Patients with various internal diseases, without evidence of neoplasias nor diseases of the kidney or obstruction of the urinary tract, showed normal urinary cholesterol excretions, as did patients with infections of the urinary tract. However, elevated urinary cholesterol was found in patients with diseases of the kidney or urinary tract obstruction (prostatic adenoma with residual urine), malignant diseases of the urogenital tract and metastasing carcinoma of the breast. In patients with other malignant diseases urinary cholesterol was usually normal. Lesions of the urothelial cell membranes are considered to be the most likely cause of urinary cholesterol hyperexcretion. The clinical value of urinary cholesterol determinations as a possible screening test for urogenital carcinomas in unselected populations is limited by lacking specificity, expensive methodology and low prevalence of the mentioned carcinomas, although elevated urinary cholesterol excretions have been observed in early clinical stages of urogenital cancers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Ascites formation ; Peripheral vasodilation ; Proximal tubular sodium retention ; Liver cirrhosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Renal sodium handling, neurohumoral systems, and systemic hemodynamics were investigated under baseline conditions in sitting posture in 10 healthy subjects, 11 patients with cirrhosis without, and 10 patients with cirrhosis with ascites. Furthermore, the effects of head-out water immersion, 1-week spironolactone administration, or their combination was assessed in the two groups of patients. Patients without ascites exhibited a significant increase in plasma norepinephrine concentration and a tendency toward an increase in plasma aldosterone concentration. Patients with ascites had a significantly lower mean arterial blood pressure despite significant reduction of urinary sodium excretion and fractional sodium excretion as well as an increase of plasma renin activity, plasma aldosterone, and norepinephrine concentration. In patients with ascites, the increase in renal sodium excretion and fractional sodium excretion following water immersion or spironolactone was clearly augmented by the combination of the two maneuvers. The same pattern was observed in patients without ascites. Our findings (a) underscore the importance of studying hemodynamics, renal function, and neurohumoral systems also in upright posture, (b) suggest a role of sympatico-adrenergic activation and proximal sodium retention in preascitic patients, and (c) are compatible with the vasodilation hypothesis of ascites formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Biliary mucus ; Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ; Cholesterol nucleation time
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary There is experimental evidence that inhibition of cyclooxygenase with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may decrease cholesterol gall-stone formation and mitigate biliary pain in gall-stone patients. The mechanisms by which NSAIDs exert these effect are unclear. In a prospective, controlled clinical trial we examined the effects of oral indomethacin on the composition of human gall-bladder bile. The study included 28 patients with symptomatic cholesterol or mixed gallstones. Of these, 8 were treated with 3 × 25 mg indomethacin daily for 7 days prior to elective cholecystectomy while 20 received no treatment and served as controls. Bile and tissue samples from the gallbladder were obtained during cholecystectomy. Indomethacin tissue levels in the gallbladder mucosa, as assessed by HPLC, were 1.05±0.4 ng/mg wet weight, a concentration known to inhibit effectively cyclooxygenase activity. Nevertheless, no differences between the treated and untreated groups were found in the concentrations of biliary mucus glycoprotein (0.94±0.27 versus 0.93±0.32 mg/ml) or total protein (5.8±0.9 versus 6.4±1.3 mg/ml), cholesterol saturation (1.3±0.2 versus 1.5±0.2), or nucleation time (2.0±3.0 versus 1.5±2.0 days). However, biliary viscosity, measured using a low-shear rotation viscosimeter, was significantly lower in patients receiving indomethacin treatment (2.9±0.6 versus 5.6±1.2 mPa.s; P 〈 0.02). In conclusion, in man oral indomethacin decreases bile viscosity without alteration of bile lithogenicity or biliary mucus glycoprotein content. Since mucus glycoproteins are major determinants of bile viscosity, an alteration in mucin macromolecular composition may conceivably cause the indomethacin-induced decrease in biliary viscosity and explain the beneficial effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in gallstone disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1289
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Eosinophile Gastroenteritis ; Bluteosinophilie ; Aszites ; Toxocara canis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Ein 55jähriger Patient wurde mit unklaren abdominellen Beschwerden, Leistungsminderung, rezidivierenden Diarrhöen und Aszites auf dem Boden einer eosinophilen Gastroenteritis stationär aufgenommen. Die Symptomatik war im Verlauf des stationären Aufenthaltes spontan rückläufig, der Patient bei ambulanten Nachkontrollen beschwerdefrei. Obwohl wegen des günstigen Verlaufs eine Therapie bislang nicht durchgeführt wurde, wäre bei einem erneuten Anstieg der Eosinophilen im Blut oder einem Rezidiv der Symptomatik eine sytemische Gabe von Kortikosteroiden indiziert. Als Nebenbefund fiel bei unserem Patienten ein Antikörpertiter gegen Toxocara canis auf, es ergab sich jedoch kein Hinweis für eine aktive Erkrankung. Bei jedem Patienten mit einer eosinophilen Gastroenteritis muß eine Parasitose ausgeschlossen werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Urinary cholesterol ; Screening test ; Urological carcinoma ; Predictive value
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary It has been suggested that the determination of urinary cholesterol may be of possible value in the diagnosis of urogenital carcinomas, especially of the prostate, kidney and bladder, but it has not proven whether this method could be used as a screening test in large numbers of patients. 430 males and 545 females over 50 years old were selected for the study. Total urinary cholesterol values exceeding the upper 3 SD limit of 5.1 mg/24 h (regarded as positive results) were present in 13 males (3%) and 9 females (1.6%). Besides benign diseases of the kidney and the urogenital tract, 2 carcinomas of the bladder and 1 carcinoma of the kidney were detected in the male group with elevated urinary cholesterol excretion. In view of the expensive methodology and most importantly because of the low prevalence of urological carcinomas in unselected populations this method cannot be recommended as a primary screening test. This does not exclude the possibility that urinary total cholesterol determinations could be successfully applied in preselected populations with an increased prevalence of urological carcinomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Untersuchung der Schilddrüse ; Gruppierung der Parameter
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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